NAME: ____________________________________ DATE: _____________________ SCORE: __________

GRADE AND SECTION: ______________________ Time Started:________________ Time Ended: _______

Q4-WEEKS 3- 4
STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY
PLEASE SUBMIT YOUR OUTPUT ON TIME.
DITO NA PO KAYO MAGSASAGOT SA ACTIVITY SHEET.
LESSON 5.1: THE ELEMENTS OF HYPOTHESIS TESTING
MELCS:
1. Illustrates: (a) null hypothesis; (b) alternative hypothesis; (c) level of significance; (d) rejection region;
and (e) types of errors in hypothesis testing; and
2. Identifies the parameter to be tested given a real-life problem.
Introduction: TASK 1: Read the discussion about the topic on pages 124-130.
Define/complete the terms/statements below: (10 points)

1. _________________ is a proposed explanation, assertion, or assumption about a

population parameter or about the probability distributions of the populations.
2. _________________ is the statement about the population parameter that is assumed to
be true unless there is a convincing evidence to the contrary.
3. __________________ is the statement about the population parameter that is
contradictory to the null hypothesis.
4-5. The two end results of a hypotheses testing procedure is a choice of one of the two
possible conclusions:
_____________________________________________________________ or
_____________________________________________________________.
6. ____________________ is also called the critical region which contains the set of all
values of test statistic that cause us to reject the null hypothesis.
7. Type I error is committed when a true null hypothesis is ____________.
8. Type II error is committed when a false null hypothesis is ____________.
9. In hypothesis testing, the maximum probability with which we would be willing to
reject a true null hypothesis is called the ______________________ denoted by α .
10. The symbols for null hypothesis is _____ and for alternative hypothesis is ______.

Development: TASK 2: Read and analyze the examples on how to state a null and alternative
hypothesis on page 125.
Engagement: TASK 3: Answer Practice Exercises 5.1, numbers 1-6 on page 131. The first
one is done for you. (10 points)
1. The average July temperature in a region historically has been 74.5° F. Perhaps it is higher
now.
Answers: H0 : μ = 74.5° F
Ha : μ > 74.5° F
2. H0 : ______________ 5. H0 : ______________
Ha : ______________ Ha : ______________
3. H0 : ______________ 6. H0 : ______________
Ha : ______________ Ha : ______________
4. H0 : ______________
Ha : ______________

TASK 4: Answer the activity below by identifying the Type I and Type II errors from the
given situation. The first one is done for you. (3 points each).
Situation 1:
Bryan is starting his own food cart business and he is choosing cities where he will run his
business. He wants to survey residents and test at 5% level of significance whether or not the demand is
high enough to support his business before he applies for the necessary permits to operate in his selected
city. He will only choose a city if there is a strong evidence that the demand there is high enough. We can
state the null hypothesis for his test as: H0 : The demand is high enough.

1. What would be the consequence of a Type I error in this setting?

I. He doesn’t choose a city where demand is actually high enough.
 II. He chooses a city where demand is actually high enough.
III. He chooses a city where demand isn’t actually high enough.

Answer: The Type I error is Statement I because he rejected the true null hypothesis.

2. What would be the consequence of a Type II error in this setting?

I. He doesn’t choose a city where demand is actually high enough.
II. He chooses a city where demand is actually high enough.
III. He chooses a city where demand isn’t actually high enough.

Answer: The Type II error is Statement III because he failed to reject (he accepted) the false
null hypothesis.
Situation 2:
A quality control expert wants to test the null hypothesis that an imported solar panel is an effective
source of energy.

3. What would be the consequence of a Type I error in this context?

I. He doesn’t conclude that the solar panel is effective when it is not actually effective.
II. He doesn’t conclude that the solar panel is effective when it is actually effective.
III. He concludes that the solar panel is effective when it is not actually effective.

Answer:

4. What would be the consequence of a Type II error in this context?

I. He doesn’t conclude that the solar panel is effective when it is not actually effective.
II. He doesn’t conclude that the solar panel is effective when it is actually effective.
III. He concludes that the solar panel is effective when it is not actually effective.

Answer:
Situation 3:
A resort owner does a daily water quality test in their swimming pool. If the level of contaminations
is too high, then he temporarily closes the pool to perform a water treatment. We can state the hypotheses
for his test as:
H0: The water quality is acceptable.
Ha: The water quality is not acceptable.
5. What would be the consequence of a Type I error in this setting?
I. The owner does not close the pool when it needs to be closed.
II. The owner closes the pool when it does not need to be closed.
III. The owner does not close the pool when it does not need to be closed.

Answer:
6. What would be the consequence of a Type II error in this context?
I. The owner does not close the pool when it needs to be closed.
II. The owner closes the pool when it does not need to be closed.
III. The owner does not close the pool when it does not need to be closed.

Answer:

LESSON 5.2: LARGE SAMPLE TEST FOR A POPULATION MEAN

MELCS:
1. Formulates the appropriate null and alternative hypotheses on a population mean.
2. Identifies the appropriate form of the test-statistic when: (a) the population variance is assumed to be
known; (b) the population variance is assumed to be unknown; and (c) the Central Limit Theorem is to
be used.
3. identifies the appropriate rejection region for a given level of significance when: (a) the population
variance is assumed to be known; (b) the population variance is assumed to be unknown; and (c) the
Central Limit Theorem is to be used.

Introduction: TASK 1: Read the discussions about Systematic Hypothesis Testing Procedure:
Critical Value Approach on pages 132-133 of the book.
Development: TASK 2: Write the form of the test-statistic to be used when:
The population variance is The population variance is The Central Limit Theorem is
assumed to be known assumed to be unknow to be used
TASK 3: Analyze the examples given on pages 133-136.
Engagement: TASK 4: Answer Practice Exercises 5.2, pages 136-137.

A. Find the rejection region (for the standardized test statistic) for each hypothesis. The first
one is done for you.

1. H0: μ=¿27 vs Ha: μ<¿ 27 at α =0.05

Answer:

z = -1.65
Rejection region

2. H0: μ=¿52 vs Ha: μ ≠ 52 at α =0.05

3. H0: μ=¿-105 vs Ha: μ>¿ -105 at α =0.10

4. H0: μ=¿7.8 vs Ha: μ ≠7.8 at α =0.10

C. Compute the value of the test statistic for the indicated test, based on the information given. The
first one is done for you.
9. Testing H0: μ=¿72.2 vs Ha: μ>¿ 72.2, σ unknown, n = 55, x = 75.1, s = 9.25

x−μ
Solution: z= s
√n
75.1−72.2
2.9
z= 9.25 = = 2.32507 = 2.33
1.2472697
√55
Therefore, the value of the test statistics is z = 2.33.
10. Testing H0: μ=¿58 vs Ha: μ>¿ 58, σ = 1.22 , n = 40, x = 58.5, s = 1.

Assimilation: Perform the indicated test of hypotheses, based on the information given.
13. Testing H0: μ=¿212 vs Ha: μ<¿ 212 atα =0.10 , σ unknown , n = 36, x = 211.2, s = 2.2

14. Testing H0: μ=¿-18 vs Ha: μ>¿ -18 atα =0.05 , σ =3.3 , n = 44, x = -17.2, s = 3.1