Diplococcus
 A diplococcus (plural diplococci) is a round
bacterium (a coccus) that typically occurs in the
form of two joined cells.
Infection
 Gonorrhea infection a gram-negative
diplococcus bacterium that is closely related to
other human Neisseria species.
  N gonorrhoeae can disseminate to areas of the
body to cause skin and synovial infections; rarer
complications include meningitis, endocarditis,
and perihepatic abscesses
Common Causes of Gonorrhea Infection
 Gonorrhea is caused by the bacterium Neisseria
gonorrhoeae.
 The gonorrhea bacteria are most often passed
from one person to another during sexual
contact, including oral, anal, or vaginal
intercourse.
Risk factor
 Sexually active women younger than 25 and
men who have sex with men
 Having a new sex partner
 Having a sex partner who has other partners
 Having more than one sex partner
Treatment
 main treatment for uncomplicated gonorrhea is
monotherapy with single-dose intramuscular
ceftriaxone.
Staphylococcus
 Staphylococcus is a genus of Gram-positive
bacteria in the family Staphylococcic from the
order Vacillates.
Infection
 Staph infections these types of germs are
commonly found on the skin or in the nose of
many healthy people.
 Staph infections can range from minor skin
problems to life-threatening illness. For example,
endocarditis, a serious infection of the inner
lining of your heart (endocardium) can be
caused by staph bacteria
Common Causes of Staph infection
 Staph infections are caused by staphylococcus
bacteria
 Staph bacteria can also be spread from person
to person. Because staph bacteria are so hardy,
they can live on objects such as pillowcases or
towels long enough to transfer to the next person
who touches them.
 If staph bacteria invade your bloodstream, you
may develop a type of infection that affects your
entire body. Called sepsis, this infection can lead
to septic shock.
Risk factor
 Person with Diabetes who uses insulin
 HIV/AIDS
 Kidney failure requiring dialysis
 Cancer, especially those who are being treated
with chemotherapy or radiation
Treatment
 Antibiotics commonly prescribed to treat staph
infections include cefazolin, nafcillin, oxacillin,
vancomycin, daptomycin and linezolid.
 For serious staph infections, vancomycin may be
required. This is because so many strains of
staph bacteria have become resistant to other
traditional antibiotics.
Streptococcus
 Bacteria called group A Streptococcus (group A
strep) can cause many different infections.
These infections range from minor illnesses to
very serious and deadly diseases.
Infection
 Strep throat is a bacterial infection that can
make your throat feel sore and scratchy. Strep
throat accounts for only a small portion of sore
throats.
 strep throat can cause complications, such as
kidney inflammation or rheumatic fever.
Cause of Strep Throat
 Strep throat is caused by infection with a
bacterium known as Streptococcus pyogenes,
also called group A streptococcus
 Streptococcal bacteria are contagious. They can
spread through droplets when someone with the
infection coughs or sneezes, or through shared
food or drinks. You can also pick up the bacteria
from a doorknob or other surface and transfer
them to your nose, mouth, or eyes.
Risk factor
 Strep throat occurs most commonly in children
Treatment
 Penicillin or amoxicillin is the antibiotic of
choice to treat group A strep pharyngitis.
Diplobacillus
 a pair of rod-shaped bacilli that remain joined
together end-to-end following division
Infection
 Hypopyon is common in eyes with fungal
keratitis.
 Hypopyon is common in patients with severe
fungal keratitis and can cause ocular
hypertension
Cause of Hypopyon keratitis
 HYPOPYON keratitis due to infection with the
Gram-negative diplobacillus is an uncommon
condition.
 Hypopyon, which refers to deposits of white
blood cells in the anterior chamber, signifies
severe anterior segment intraocular inflammation
and is common in patients with fungal keratitis.
Risk Factor
 Contact lens wear is one of the most common
risk factors for infectious keratitis
Treatment
 Treatment upon discharge typically
involves intensive topical steroids and topical
antibiotics.
Streptobacillus Diplococcus

 Streptobacillus is a genus of
fastidious microaerophilic gram-negative bacteri
a, which grow in culture as rods in chains

Infection

 Streptobacillary rat-bite fever is caused by

either Streptobacillus moniliformis or Spirillum
Staphylococcus
minor. 

Causes of Rat fever bite

 streptobacillary rat-bite fever, also

called Haverhill fever or erythema arthriticum
epidemicum, acute infection caused by the
microorganism Streptobacillus moniliformis,
transmitted to humans by rat bite or by the
ingestion of food or water that has been Streptococcus
contaminated with waste products of infected
rodents.

Risk Factor

 Those who have pet rats or other rodents in their

home
 Adults ages 65 and older
 women who are pregnant
Diplobacillus
Treatment

 Penicillin is the treatment of choice for proven or

highly suspected cases of rat bite fever.

Streptobacillus