Philippine Shrimp Industry Roadmap 2021 2040

PHILIPPINE
SHRIMP
INDUSTRY
ROADMAP 2021-2040
The Philippine Shrimp Industry Roadmap (2022-2040)
Copyright 2022. All rights reserved.

ISSN: 2945-4425
No part of this publication may be reproduced, distributed, or transmitted in any

form or by any means, including photocopying, recording, or other electronic
or mechanical methods, without the prior written permission of the Publisher,
except in the case of brief quotations embodies in critical reviews and certain
other noncommercial uses permitted by copyright law. Editorial correspondence
and requests to publish, reproduce or translate this publication in part or in whole
should be addressed to the authors and the publisher.
Published by:
Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources

Department of Agriculture
Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
Cover & Book Design:
Alphabet Communications Graphics & Print

Quezon City, Philippines
alphabetprinting@gmail.com
PHILIPPINE SHRIMP INDUSTRY ROADMAP
DEVELOPMENT TEAM
Focal Person
Ms. Maria Abegail A. Albaladejo
Team Leader
Mr. Joseph Edgar (GJ) Sarrosa, SEACORP
Co-Team Leader
Ms. Roselyn Usero, NPPC
Import Provision Experts
Mr. Ryan Alegre, DOBE

Mr. Sherlito Balacanta, SNB Hatchery
Mr. Nobert Chingcuanco, Feedmix
Mr. Christopher Co, Oversea Feeds
Dr. Emilia Quinitio, ISDA
Production Segment Experts
Ms. Karen May Espiritu, Dataj Aquafarm

Ms. Celedena Santos, Sarah's Aqua and Agri Supply
Mr. Constantine Tanchan, Aquatic Phoenix Asturias Corp
Mr. Candelario Monte, SSACCI/Lanao Farms, Inc.
Mr. Raoul Flores, PHILSHRIMP
Mr. Richard Paparon, SARGEN Shrimp Association Inc.
iii
Processing Expert Segment
Ms. Imelda Madarang, Fisherfarms Inc.

Mr. Rommel Sotto, Seachamp
Mr. Ricky Sun, HJR
Trading / Final Sale Segment Expert
Ms. Lourdes Tanco, Mida Trade

Mr. Pio Raymundo, Maruja Nichirio
Enabling Environment Expert
Dr. Adelaida Calpe, DOST - PCAARRD

Dr. Rolando Pakingking, Jr., SEAFDEC - AQD
Dr. Sonia Somga, BFAR-NFLD
Dr. Emilia Quinitio, ISDA
Mr. Albin Ganchero, DTI-BOI
Atty. Demosthenes Escoto, BFAR-LEGAL
Special Order No.: 654. Series of 2021
iv
TABLE
OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS v
LIST OF TABLES vii
LIST OF FIGURES x
LIST OF APPENDICES xiv
ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS xv
MESSAGE xxii
FOREWORD xxiii
MESSAGE xxiv
PREFACE xxv
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1
INTRODUCTION 9
Rationale 9
Objectives 11
Methodology 11
Scope and Limitation 13
Definition of Terms 14
Data Sources 16
INDUSTRY SITUATION AND OUTLOOK 18
Structure 18
Industry Performance and Outlook 51
ANALYSIS OF THE SHRIMP INDUSTRY 83
Value Chain Maps 83
SWOT Analysis 93
Price and Cost Structure 100
Benchmark 105
Competitiveness Analysis 107
v
MARKET TRENDS AND PROJECTS 109
Key Demand Drivers 109
Market Prospects 110
PRIORITY CONSTRAINTS AND OPPORTUNITIES 115
TARGET SETTING 121
Vision 121
Mission 121
Goals, Objectives, and Targets 121
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR POLICIES, STRATEGIES, 147
AND PROGRAMS
INDUSTRY CLUSTER GOVERNANCE NETWORK 179

(IMPLEMENTATION TEAM)
REFERENCES 185
APPENDICES 189
vi
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1. Summarized Characterization of Shrimp Farm Production 29
Systems
Table 2. Summary of Diagnostic Capabilities of Regional and 33

Central Fish Health Laboratories
Table 3. Distribution of P. vannamei Farms by Region and Province, 36

2020
Table 4. Distribution of P. monodon Farms by Region and Province, 39

2020
Table 5. Number and Sizes of Registered and Accredited Shrimp 41

Grow-out Farms, 2020
Table 6. Shrimp Exporters, 2020 45
Table 7. Integrated Value Chain Players in the Shrimp Industry, 2020 47
Table 8. Shrimps and Shrimp Product Forms and Description 50
Table 9. World Shrimp Production (P. monodon and P. vannamei) 52

Production in MT, Ranking of Countries & 2019 Percent
Share to Production, 2010 - 2019
Table 10. Philippine Shrimp Production Volume in MT, 2015 - 2020 53
Table 11. Philippine Shrimp Production Value in Billion Php, 54

2015 - 2020
Table 12. Cumulative Area (hectares) of Registered and Accredited 64

P. monodon Grow-out Farms, 2016 - 2020
Table 13. Cumulative Area (hectares) of Registered and Accredited 65

P. vannamei Grow-out Farms, 2016 - 2020
vii
Table 14. Potential Areas for Expansion for Shrimp Culture, 2020 66
Table 15. BFAR - NSPP 2020 Local Production Estimate for 69

P. monodon based on Productive Hectarage, 2020
Table 16. BFAR - NSPP 2020 Local Production Estimate for 70

P. vannamei based on Productive Hectarage, 2020
Table 17. Triangulation of P. vannamei and P. monodon 71

Local Harvest Estimates, 2020
Table 18. Local Demand for Shrimp, 2015 - 2020 72
Table 19. Projected Annual Demand for Shrimp and Prawn, 73

2021 - 2025
Table 20. Projected Annual Supply for Shrimp (2021 - 2025) 73
Table 21. Shrimp Product Forms for Export, 2019 74
Table 22. Import Data of Shrimp in the Philippines in Volume and 77

Value, 2010 - 2020
Table 23. P. monodon’s and P. vannamei’s Annual Prevailing Price, 82

2016 - 2020
Table 24. Shrimp Industry SWOT Analysis, by VC Segment 93
Table 25. Cross-cutting Concerns Affecting the Philippine Shrimp 98

Industry
Table 26. Cost Distribution for the Shrimp VC by Segment 100
Table 27. Cost-Benefit Analysis for P. monodon Farming per Hectare 101
viii
Table 28. Cost-Benefit Analysis for P. vannamei Farming per 102
Hectare, Intensive
Table 29. RFP for Fresh P. monodon shrimps Sold Domestically 103
Table 30. RFP for Fresh P. vannamei Shrimps Sold Domestically 104
Table 31. Summary of Competitive Advantages in Shrimp 106

Production among Key Producing Countries in Asia
Table 32. Price Competitiveness of Frozen Shrimp in the 107

Philippines with Exports, 2019
Table 33. Philippine Exports of Frozen Shrimps Volume and Value 112
Markets, 2018 - 2020
Table 34. Philippine Exports of Fresh-chilled Shrimps, Volume and 113

Value, Markets, 2018 - 2020
Table 35: Priority Ranking of Constraints/Opportunities Affecting 115

the Philippine Shrimp Industry
Table 36. Goals, Targets and Success Indicators for the Philippine 123
Shrimp Industry, 2021 - 2040
Table 37. Goals, Objectives, and Targets for the Philippine Shrimp 124
Industry, by VC Segment, 2021 - 2040
Table 38. Priority Policies, Strategies, Programs (PSPs), Short-term 148

to Long-term
Table 39. Summary of Investment Requirement Short to Long Term 177
Table 40. Institutions Involved in the Philippines Shrimp Industry 180
ix
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1. Physical Appearance of P. monodon and P. vannamei 18
Figure 2. The Philippine Shrimp Industry Structure, 2020 19
Figure 3. Ten-Year Trend of Shrimp Broodstocks Importation 22

(in pieces), 2011 - 2020
Figure 4. BFAR Registered and Accredited P. vannamei Hatcheries, 24

Number, and Location, 2020
Figure 5. BFAR Registered and Accredited P. monodon Hatcheries, 24

Figure 6. Location of Local Shrimp Feed Manufacturers and 27

Importers in the Philippines, 2020
Figure 7. Philippine Prawn Feeds Import, 2019 28
Figure 8. Mapping of P. vannamei Farms in the Philippines, 2020 38
Figure 9. Mapping of P. monodon Farms in the Philippines, 2020 40
Figure 10. BFAR & EU-approved Shrimp Processing Plants, Number, 43

and Location, 2020
Figure 11. Shrimp Product Forms 50
Figure 12. Different Processed Shrimp Product Forms 51
Figure 13. Total Shrimp Production in Percent Share by Sector, 2020 55
Figure 14. Aquaculture Shrimp Production Volume (MT) per Species, 56

2020
x
Figure 15. Percent Share of Shrimp in Aquaculture Production, 56
2015 - 2019
Figure 16. Aquaculture: Volume of Shrimp Production per Region, 57

2000 - 2020
Figure 17. P. monodon Production Volume Trend in MT by Region, 58

2010 - 2020
Figure 18. Top Producing Provinces of P. monodon, 2020 59
Figure 19. P. vannamei Production Volume Trend in MT by Region, 60

2010 - 2020
Figure 20. Top Producing Provinces of P. vannamei, 2020 60
Figure 21. Production Volume, AGR & AAGR for Total Aquaculture 61
P. monodon and P. vannamei, 2000 - 2020
Figure 22. Production Volume, AGR & AAGR for P. monodon, 62

2000 - 2020
Figure 23. Production Volume, AGR & AAGR for P. vannamei, 63

2000 - 2020
Figure 24. Shrimp Sufficiency Level, 2015 - 2020 72
Figure 25. Major Fisheries Export in Terms of Value (in Billion Pesos), 74
2019
Figure 26. Frozen Shrimp Export Destination in Volume and Value, 75

2019
Figure 27. Market Share of Countries Supplying Shrimp to Japan, 75

2019
xi
Figure 28. Philippine Shrimp Exports in Volume in MT, 2011 - 2020 76
Figure 29. Philippine Shrimp Exports in Value in USD, 2011 - 2020 77
Figure 30. Country of Origin of Shrimp and Prawn Imports, 2020 78
Figure 31. Shrimp and Prawn Imports by Species, 2020 78
Figure 32. Shrimp and Prawn Imports by Product Form, 2020 79
Figure 33. Philippine Shrimp Balance of Trade in Volume in MT, 79

2011 - 2020
Figure 34. Shrimp Export and Import in Volume and Value, 80

2011 - 2020
Figure 35. Global Price of Fresh Shrimp in USD, 81

April 2011 – April 2021
Figure 36. Farmgate Price of Shrimp, 2015 - 2020 82
Figure 37. Value Chain Map for Fresh Shrimp 84
Figure 38. Value Chain Map for Processed Shrimp 86

(with traders in between farmers and processors)
Figure 39. Value Chain Map for Processed Shrimp 87

(sourced directly from farms)
Figure 40. National Commodity Map for Shrimp, P. monodon 90

and P. vannamei, 2020
xii
Figure 41. National Commodity Map for P. monodon 91
(Production, Farms, and Hatcheries), 2020
Figure 42. National Commodity Map for P. vannamei 92

(Production, Farms, and Hatcheries), 2020
Figure 43. Relative Financial Position for Fresh P. monodon 104

Shrimps Sold Domestically
Figure 44. Relative Financial Position for fresh P. vannamei 105

Shrimps Sold Domestically
Figure 45. Philippine Shrimp Industry Goals 122
Figure 46. Distribution of Investment Requirement by Segment 177

of the Chain
xiii
LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix 1. The Department of Agriculture Food and Security 190
Framework
Appendix 2. Summary of Shrimp VC Stakeholders Consulted 191
Appendix 3. Roadmap Development Team 194
Appendix 4. Five-Year Implementation Plan (2021 - 2025) 196
Appendix 5. Full Report on the Value Chain Analysis 207
xiv
ACRONYMS AND
ABBREVIATIONS
AAGR Average Annual Growth Rate
ABC Agribusiness Corridor
ABI Agribusiness Incubator
ACPC Agricultural Credit Policy Council
AFVDBCD Animal Feeds, Veterinary Drugs and Biologics Control Division
AFMA Agriculture and Fisheries Modernization Act
AFMP Agriculture and Fisheries Modernization Plan
AGR Annual Growth Rate
AHPND Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease
AHPNS Acute Hepato - pancreatic Necrosis Syndrome
ARTA Anti - Red Tape Authority
ASC Aquaculture Stewardship Council
ASEAN Association of Southeast Asian Nations
ASIC Asian Seafood Improvement Collaborative
BAFS Bureau of Agriculture and Fisheries Standards
BAI Bureau of Animal Industry
BAP Best Aquaculture Practices
BARMM Bangsamoro Autonomous Region for Muslim Mindanao
BFAR Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources
BFAR - CO BFAR Central Office
BFAR - FAO BFAR - Fisheries Administrative Order
BFAR - ROs BFAR Regional Offices
BMC Broodstock Multiplication Centre
CAC Codex Alimentarius Commission
CALABARZON Cavite, Laguna, Batangas, Rizal, Quezon
xv
capex capital expenditure
CAR Cordillera Autonomous Region
CARL Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law
CARP Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program
CBA Cost Benefit Analysis
CCRF Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries
CDA Cooperative Development Authority
cGMP Current Good Manufacturing Practice
CLUP Comprehensive Land Use Plan
CO2 carbon dioxide
COVID - 19 Coronavirus disease 2019
CPR Certificate of Product Registration
DA Department of Agriculture
DA - AMAD Department of Agriculture - Agribusiness and Marketing
Assistance Service Division
DA - BAR Department of Agriculture - Bureau of Agricultural Research
DA - PRDP DA - Philippine Rural Development Project
DAR Department of Agrarian Reform
DBP Development Bank of the Philippines
DENR Department of Environment and Natural Resources
DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid
DOC Days of culture
DOF - BOC Department of Finance – Bureau of Customs
DOH Department of Health
DOLE Department of Labor and Employment
DOST Department of Science and Technology
DOST - SETUP Department of Science and Technology - Small Enterprise
Program Technology Upgrading Program
xvi
DOST - Department of Science and Technology - Philippine Council
PCAARRD for Agriculture, Aquatic and Natural Resources Research and
Development
DRMM Disaster Risk Reduction Management
DTI Department of Trade and Industry
DTI - BOI Department of Trade and Industry - Board of Investments
DTI - EMB Department of Trade and Industry - Export Marketing Bureau
ECC Environmental Compliance Certificate
EFSA EU Food Safety Authority
EHP Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei
EMS Early Mortality Syndrome
EPCL Export Packing Credit Line
EU European Union
FAO Food and Agriculture Organization
FARMCs Fisheries and Aquatic Resource Management Councils
FCR Feed Conversion Ratio
FD & C Food, Drugs & Cosmetic
FDA Food and Drug Authority
FGDs Focus Group Discussions
FGMOs Fisheries General Memorandum Orders
FIFO First in, first out
FIQD Fisheries Inspection and Quarantine Division
FLA Fishpond Lease Agreement
FMA Fisheries Management Area
FNRI Food and Nutrition Research and Institute
FOB Freight on Board
FOOs Fisheries Office Orders
FOs Farmers Organizations
FIDSSD Fisheries Industry Development and Supports Services
Division
FSIS Food Safety and Inspection Service
GAqP Good Aquaculture Practices
xvii
GAV Gill Associated Disease
GHP Good Hygienic Practices
GMP Good Manufacturing Practices
HACCP Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point
HDPE High - density Polyethylene
HIEs Higher Education Institutions
HIPON Hipon Iangat ang ProduksyON
HLSON Headless, shell - on
HPM Hepatopancreatic Microsporidiosis
HON Head - on
HSCC Harmonized System of Commodity Classification
IEC Information and Education Campaign
IHHNV Infectious Hypodermal Hematopoietic Necrosis Disease
IMNV Infectious Myonecrosis Virus
I - PLAN Investments for AFMP Planning at the Local and National
Levels
IQF Individual quick frozen
ISO International Organization for Standardization
IT - BPM Information Technology and Business Process Management
IUUF Illegal Unregulated and Unreported Fishing
JFRC Jeddah Fisheries Research Center
Kg Kilogram
KII Key Informant Interviews
KPs Knowledge Products
KRA Key Result Area
KSA Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
LAMP Loop - Mediated Isothermal Amplification
LBP Landbank of the Philippines
LGC Local Government Code
xviii
LGU Local Government Unit
LTO License to Operate
LTP Local Transport Permit
MT metric tons
NBC Nucleus Breeding Centre
NCR National Capital Region
NAFMIP National Agriculture and Fisheries Modernization and
Industrialization Plan
NEDA National Economic Development Authority
NFEP National Fisheries Extension Plan
NFLD National Fisheries Laboratory Division
NFRDI National Fisheries Research and Development Institute
NGAs National Government Agencies
NGO Non - Government Organizations
NGP National Greening Program
NIFTDC National Integrated Fisheries Technology Development
Center
NIPAS National Integrated Protected Areas System
NPPC Negros Prawn Producers’ Cooperative
NSGGP National Shrimp Genetics/ Genomics Program
NSPP National Shrimp Production Program otherwise known as the
HIPON Program
OASIS Operational and Administrative System for Import Support
ODA Official Development Assistance
OIE World Animal Health Organization
OJT On - the - job
OSC One - Stop Center
PAFES Provincial Agriculture and Fisheries Extension Services
PCAMRD Philippine Council for Aquatic and Marine Research and
Development
PCR Polymerase Chain Reaction
PD Peeled, deveined
xix
PDTO Peeled, deveined, tail on
PFOs Provincial Fisheries Offices
PHILPHOSPHATE Philippine Phosphate
PHILSHRIMP Philippine Shrimp Industry, Inc.
PL Post - larvae
PMAS Production Marketing and Analysis Service
PNS Philippine National Standards
POs Peoples Organizations
POGOs Philippine Off - shore Gaming Operations
PPP Private Public Partnership
PSA Philippine Statistics Authority
PTO Peeled Tail - on
PUD Peeled, Undeveined
R&D Research and Development
RA Republic Act
RAS Recirculating Aquaculture System
RASFF Rapid Alert System for Food & Feed
RDIs Research and Development Institutions
RDT Roadmap Development Team
RFL Regional Fisheries Laboratories
RFP Relative Financial Position of Players
ROI Return of Investment
RSBSA Registry System for Basic Sectors in Agriculture
SARGEN Sarangani GenSan Stakeholders Shrimp Association
SDGs Sustainable Development Goals
SEAFDEC - Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center - Aquaculture
AQD Division
xx
SEC Security and Exchange Commission
SH - TWG Shrimp Health Technical Working Group
SMEs Small and Medium Enterprises
SOCCSKSARGEN South Cotabato, Cotabato City, Sultan Kudarat, Sarangani,
General Santos City
SPF Specific Pathogen Free
SPS Sanitary and Phytosanitary
SPT Specific Pathogen Tolerant
SSOPs Sanitation Standard Operating Procedures
SUCs State Colleges and Universities
SWOT Strengths - Weaknesses - Opportunities-Threats
TWG Technical Working Group
UN United Nations
UPV University of the Philippines – Visayas
USA United States of America
USD US dollars
USAID United States Agency for International Development
USDA United States Department of Agriculture
UUI unnecessary and unfair importations
UV Ultraviolet
VC Value Chain
VCA Value Chain Analysis
WCL Working Capital Loan
WHO World Health Organization
WSD white spot disease
WSSV White Spot Syndrome Virus
WTO World Trade Organization
YHN Yellow Head Disease
xxi
MESSAGE
The Department of Agriculture is proud to present the
Shrimp Industry Roadmap for 2021 - 2040!
To gain deeper understanding and enhance

appreciation on the country's shrimp industry, a
comprehensive roadmap is a must.
Anchored on the OneDA Reform Agenda, this

publication steers stakeholders towards increasing
shrimp production, enhancing the socio-economic and
overall well-being of our shrimp farmers, and zeroing in
on a globally competitive industry.
The shrimp industry fills a crucial role in the food and

economic security of the country. It continues to be a highly
profitable industry, as shrimp remains among the major fishery commodities with high export
value. The archipelagic nature of our country, not to mention our vast natural resources is our solid
rock leverage. This well-researched, science-and market-based roadmap is exactly what I envision
to up our game in the shrimp industry.
Crafting this roadmap gave our industry stakeholders a platform to share and contribute
knowledge and expertise, while identifying the gaps, challenges, and exploring opportunities
especially for a capital-intensive global market that this industry caters to.
With this, I sincerely offer my wholehearted gratitude and commendation to our stakeholders —
the Philippines' hatchery operators, feed millers and distributors, grow-out farm owners, traders,
processors, members of the academe, as well as government and nongovernment agencies — for
taking part in the successful preparation of this roadmap.
Let us continue to boost our fishery sector – with utmost priority in aquaculture because it is
indeed the future of the fishery industry. Shrimp, along with other high value fishery commodities
will unceasingly be in the spotlight and it is with high hopes that this publication will be an
effective instrument in realizing and sustaining our vision of a robust Philippine shrimp industry.
Mabuhay ang sector ng mga kahipon!
WILLIAM D. DAR, Ph.D.

Secretary
x xx ixi i i
FOREWORD
Our country teems with ecologically and economically
important fisheries resources. Recently, the
Department of Agriculture has intensified its efforts in
crafting management plans for priority commodities to
ensure their sustainable utilization.
Following the Comprehensive National Fisheries

Development Program, we have launched several
management plans for important marine commodities.
And now, we are honored to present to you the Industry
Roadmaps for Priority Aquaculture Commodities including
Seaweed, Milkfish, Tilapia, Shrimp, and Shellfish. These
roadmaps are a product of a wide participatory process led by the
Department of Agriculture's Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources and the Philippine
Council for Agriculture and Fisheries, and participated in by industry leaders, stakeholders, and
experts from the academe.
These roadmaps take into consideration the challenges faced by the sectors in previous years
and the corresponding strategic actions to address these issues, from short to long-term
actions designed to address problems from the production to the trade level. We are positive
that with the appropriate support from the government, and active participation by our
stakeholders, these roadmaps will be instrumental in developing the Seaweed, Milkfish, Tilapia,
Shrimp and Shellfish Industries into globally competitive, inclusive, and resilient industries.
Guided by the OneDA Reform Agenda, the Department of Agriculture will continue
harmonizing its efforts with all stakeholders to achieve a food-secure Philippines and
Masaganang Ani at Mataas na Kita for our fisherfolk.
CHERYL MARIE NATIVIDAD - CABALLERO

Undersecretary for Agri-Industrialization and for Fisheries
xxxxi ii ii i
MESSAGE
The Department of Agriculture’s Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic
Resources (DA-BFAR) is proud to present the Shrimp Industry
Roadmap 2021 - 2040.
The country’s Shrimp is a largely consumed fishery commodity

locally for its delectable taste; and its influence even goes
beyond as it also stands as one of the Philippines’ top fishery
exports to countries like Japan, USA and South Korea. With the
Philippines ranking among the top 10 producers of the commodity
in the world and among the top 4 in Southeast Asia, the Shrimp industry
no doubt plays an essential role in the country’s fisheries and agri-business sector, providing food and
livelihood to Filipinos, and contributing significantly to the national economy.
This Roadmap, formulated in collaboration with the key industry players, holds information that are
critical in our effort to make strides in the Shrimp industry. This shall serve as a guide as it contains facts
obtained through careful review of the current and actual status of the industry, deliberation of our goals
and targets, and consensus building on the concrete steps we must take collectively to further improve
the industry, especially in the aspect of sustainable production and global competitiveness.
Indeed, by forging strong partnerships with the fishery stakeholders, making optimal use of available
aquaculture technologies, formulating policies and reviewing constraints in order to improve production,
quality, marketability and export potential of our products, as underscored in this Roadmap, we are
not just improving the Shrimp Industry; we are also becoming closer to our goals of attaining food
security, uplifting the lives of our fish farmers and fisherfolk, and ensuring the sustainability of our fishery
resources.
Congratulations to the whole Shrimp Industry!
Mabuhay ang Industriya ng Pangisdaan!
COMMODORE EDUARDO B. GONGONA, PCG (Ret.)

Director, Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources
x x ixvi v
PREFACE
As the leader of the Roadmap Development Team (RDT),
I highly appreciate the efforts of the RDT members as well
as the stakeholders in their unending support and active
participation in sharing inputs in the drafting of the industry
roadmap. I am also grateful for the initiative of the National
Shrimp Production Program of the Department of Agriculture
– Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources in spearheading
the drafting and updating of the shrimp industry roadmap. With
the joint efforts of the government, RDT and stakeholders, the
roadmap was successful.
Despite facing different challenges especially with the pandemic today, the shrimp industry
persist to be among the major aquaculture commodities in the country. The industry also aids in
the socio - economic status of the country by providing better income and more employment to
the Filipino people.
Shrimp stakeholders of the different sectors namely the hatchery operators, grow - out farmers,
traders, processors, feed millers and distributors, research and academe, and government and
non - government institutions and ancillary industries, will work together in utilizing the Shrimp
Industry Roadmap 2021 - 2040 as a tool in directing the industry to become sustainable and
environmentally friendly, progressive, and globally competitive.
Once again, it is an honour and privilege to dedicate the Shrimp Industry Roadmap 2021 - 2040
to all the shrimp industry stakeholders and DA - BFAR for collaborating in the formulation of this
publication.
Mabuhay tayong lahat! Mabuhay ang Pilipinas!
EDGAR JOSEPH SARROSA, Sea Corporation

Team Leader
Shrimp Industry Roadmap Development Team
xxxxvv
xxvi
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The national shrimp industry roadmap was made with the intention of providing directions
and actions that will push industry growth from 2021 to 2040. It aims to guide the shrimp
stakeholders and enablers towards achieving their goal for the industry. This roadmap answers
the basic questions: “Where are we now?” via the strengths - weaknesses - opportunities
- threats (SWOT) analysis where constraints and opportunities in each segment of the
shrimp industry value chain are examined; “Where do we want to go?” by establishing
the stakeholders’ vision, mission, goals and objectives for the industry; and, “How do we
get there?” via the identified priority policies, strategies and programs across three time
frames: short - term (2021 - 2025) coinciding with the National Agriculture and Fisheries
Modernization and Industrialization Plan (NAFMIP) implementation of the Department of
Agriculture (DA); medium - term (2026 - 2030) coinciding with the Sustainable Development
Goals (SDG) 2030 deadline of the United Nations (UN); and, long - term (2031 - 2040)
coinciding with the AmBisyon 2040 of the National Economic and Development Authority
(NEDA).
The crafting of this industry roadmap is likewise in sync with the DA’s Food Security Plan
Framework. Specifically, it is part of the three enabling conditions to effectively implement
the identified strategies necessary to attain the key result areas (KRAs) and outcomes
in achieving the Department’s vision of: A Food Secure and Resilient Philippines with
Empowered and Prosperous Farmers and Fisherfolk.
The value chain (VC) approach and the National Shrimp VC analysis (VCA) report were
being used as the primary tool of analysis and main reference document, respectively,
in the crafting of this roadmap. Amidst the “new normal” condition, online and digital
platforms were maximized in undertaking the series of national and sectoral consultations
and validation activities.
Shrimp is one the major aquaculture species in the Philippines. At least 80% of the country’s
total shrimp productions are from the aquaculture sector. The top two culture species are the
1
Giant Black Tiger Shrimp (Penaeus monodon) also locally known as “sugpo” and the Pacific
White Shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) also commonly known as “suati” which contribute about
60% and 30% to total national production, respectively. Freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium
rosenbergii, contributes less than 1% but its potential remains as new technologies for its
production become available.
The Philippine shrimp industry significantly contributes to the country’s quest for food
security, employment and foreign exchange earnings. The country retains its spot among
the top 10 shrimp producers in the world and 4th in the ASEAN. At least 90% of the total
Philippine shrimp produce is consumed locally while less than 10% is exported.
The shrimp stakeholders envisioned a sustainable and equitable shrimp industry recognized
internationally for its high - quality shrimp produced using a socially responsible and
environmentally sound production system. Relatedly, it is imperative to promote a cost
- competitive, quality driven, supply - reliable, product - diversified shrimp value industry
under sustainable practices. Along this line, the primary goals set in this road for the
Philippine shrimp industry are: steady and sustainable shrimp production as well as a
globally competitive shrimp export.
Goals, Objectives, Targets and Success Indicators for the

Philippine Shrimp Industry, 2021 - 2040
Goal/Objective Target/s Success Indicator Timeline
Goal 1: Steady and Sustainable Shrimp Production
• Sustained annual growth in production
At least 1,000 MT Annual production Short - term
P. monodon At least 2,000 MT volume growth Medium - term
At least 5,000 MT Long - term
At least 5,000 MT Short - term
Annual production
P. vannamei At least 10,000 MT Medium - term
volume growth
At least 20,000 MT Long - term
Goal 2: Globally Competitive Shrimp Export
• Sustained annual growth in exports
10% Annual export Short - term
Fresh/chilled frozen 15 - 20% volume growth Medium - term
20 - 25% Long - term
2 BUREAU OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC RESOURCES

Goal 3: Conducive Enabling Environment
• Capacitated and
1 comprehensive shrimp Number of comprehensive Short - term,
empowered shrimp
extension program extension program for medium - term,
industry stakeholders
shrimp long - term
Number of policy review/

• Effectively managed 1 policy review/advocacy Short - term,
advocacies initiatives
and supported shrimp related to the shrimp medium - term,
related to the shrimp
industry industry per year long - term
industry
The achievements of these goals, however, are hindered by the constraints encountered by
the shrimp stakeholders across the different segments of the VC. The constraints faced by
the industry, ranked accordingly, are as follows:
1. Occurrence of diseases (outbreaks and possible emergence and reemergence thereof);
2. Low adoption of GAqP and biosecurity for shrimp resulting in low farm productivity;
3. Limited funding/capital of shrimp players amidst high cost of power/energy, feeds,

medicines, technology upgrading, maintenance, etc.;
4. Concerns on laws and regulations and their implementation (FLAs, bureaucratic

obstacles to getting permits and tax credits, among others);
5. About 75% of total shrimp farms are still not registered/accredited by BFAR due to
failure to comply with minimum biosecurity and GAqP requirements;
6. Limited and seasonality of raw material supply for processing;
7. Organizational development concerns;
8. Data inconsistencies and limited knowledge products (KPs);
9. Product traceability and quality assurance issues;
10. Local buyers/traders dictate price;
11. Lack of linkage between growers and processors;
12. Limited number of local technical experts and manpower working on shrimp hatcheries
and farms;
13. Lack/absence of hatcheries in some regions with significant number of grow - out farms;
14. About 36% of total hatcheries, including some small scale (P. monodon) hatcheries, are
PHILIPPINE SHRIMP INDUSTRY ROADMAP 2022-2025 3

not yet registered with BFAR due to difficulty in complying with minimum biosecurity
requirements;
15. Limited availability of SPF broodstocks;
16. Threats from climate change, natural disasters and pandemics;
17. Highly competitive world market; and
18. High distribution and logistics cost.
Achieving the set goal and targets will require addressing the above constraints while
maximizing existing opportunities through the following priority policies, strategies and
programs (PSPs):
Goal 1: Steady and Sustainable Shrimp Production (Input Provision and

Farm Production Segments)
Key Result Areas (KRAs) Priority Policies, Strategies and Programs (PSPs)
• National Comprehensive Shrimp Breeding Program utilizing genetics/
genomics (to include P. monodon, P. vannamei, Macrobrachium
rosenbergii, etc. as applicable)
 Establishment of Broodstock Quarantine Center, Nucleus Breeding
Center, and Broodstock Multiplication Center
 Field trials, sampling, and massive promotion for adaptation into
commercial scale
Sustainability of supply,
• Fry Sufficiency Program
quality and affordability of PLs
• Continuous breeding of private hatcheries
ensured
• Explore possible joint business model with private sector to gain access
to SPF broodstock
 facilities can be institutionalized to sell quality nauplii to small
players
 biosecurity compliance can be dangled as the hatchery operators’
counterpart to gain access to good quality stocks
• Establishment of hatchery in Oriental Mindoro and Misamis Oriental
Affordable feeds using
• Strengthen R&D particularly on alternative feed formulation
alternative raw materials locally
• Apply novel technologies (e.g., nutrigenomics) in shrimp feed
available developed and made
development
available

Key Result Areas (KRAs) Priority Policies, Strategies and Programs (PSPs)
• Continued enhancement/operation of existing BFAR regional
Biosecurity measures and
laboratories
epidemiological surveillance
• Conduct disease investigation if there is disease outbreak occurrence
system in placed and
• Disease surveillance and monitoring
strengthened to prevent,
• Continued R&D programs on disease detection and control
control and mitigate shrimp
• IEC among growers on importance of compliance to minimum
diseases
biosecurity standards
• Promote utilization of potential areas for farm expansion
Farm output and productivity • Putting up of Agri - Business Incubator (ABIs) in Agri - Business
increased through: utilization Corridors (ABCs) in qualified Fisheries Management Areas (FMAs)
of potential areas for farm • Establishment and operation of techno - demo farms that will showcase
expansion and adaptation GAqP for shrimp as well as newly developed and proven technologies
of proven shrimp farming (including those that mainstream climate resiliency and DRRM) in
technologies/ GAqP (including shrimp farming, i.e., RAS
mainstreaming of climate • IEC for shrimp farmers and growers on the importance of GAqP
resiliency and DRRM) compliance
• Farm visits
• Expand registration and accreditation of hatcheries and grow - out farms
 Complete inventory of shrimp hatcheries and farms
 Review of existing policies and guidelines on registration to make it
more manageable for hatcheries and grow - out farm operators to
Registration and accreditation
register (i.e., ladderized system of registration/accreditation)
of hatcheries and grow - out
 Registration process to be coupled with biosecurity education
farms expanded
especially for small holders/players, rather than being imposed as a
complete package requirement
 Encourage more shrimp farmers to register thru info drive
 Intensify Third Party Certification: Capacitate on BAP and other
certifications (BFAR to assist for accreditation to EU markets)
Available production • Promotion of freshwater prawn production technology
technology for freshwater  technology demonstration using aquaponics
prawn maximized to increase  crop rotation, polyculture
further total national shrimp  International market scoping
production

Goal 2: Globally Competitive Shrimp Products (Processing and Trading
VC Segments)
Key Result Areas

Priority Policies, Strategies and Programs (PSPs)
(KRAs)
• Establishment of cold storage facility with 15,000 - 20,000 MT capacity in
Raw materials requirement shrimp producing regions such as Central Luzon, NCR, Central Visayas and
sustained SOCCSKSARGEN
• Rehabilitation and utilization of existing cold storage and post - harvest
facilities
• Promotion and Training on Value adding
• Upgrading of existing processing plants
More value - added shrimp
• Maximize available market for small size shrimps (i.e., Jollibee buys 6 - 8g
products developed and
small shrimps)
made available in the
 Pooling and consolidation of harvest
market
 Fry sufficiency Program (i.e., Expand operations of private and
government hatcheries, Popularize larval rearing facilities)
 promote super intensive shrimp farming
• Enhancement of the National Residue Laboratories nationwide
• Establishment of additional regional laboratories
Shrimp product traceability
• Acquire 1 LC - MS/MS and accessories/set up for confirmatory testing of
and quality assurance
residues
system enhanced and
• Inclusion of more banned and regulated substances to the list of covered
strengthened through
analysis
conduct of residue analysis
• Maintenance of accreditation of private laboratories
• Expansion of scope of accreditation to cover other substances
Market linkaging • Market linkaging
strengthened  Business matching activities
• Massive promotion of the Philippine shrimp quality mark (i.e., Philippines as
producer of clean and quality shrimps)
• Encourage processing plants to be HACCP compliant to gain access in the
export market via information drive
Global representation and
• Third Party Certifications
increased market share
• Compliance to PNS for the processing of shrimps and prawns
through popularization/
• International market benchmarking
further development of
• Continuous Market intelligence
Philippine quality mark
 access to other markets like EU and the Middle East
for shrimps (country
 premium on organic certified shrimp products – explore with
positioning)
maximization of extensive farms
• National Shrimp Marketing Plan
Note: Increasing the global market share is also strongly linked to GAqP
compliance among shrimp farms.

Goal 3: Conducive Enabling Environment (All Segments in the Shrimp VC)
Key Result Areas

(KRAs)
• Facilitate access to financial institutions offering soft loans and/or low
interest loans
Linkage to financial
• Advocate for investor - friendly loan/financing requirements and processes
institutions strengthened
• Registration to BOI for investment/exports for possible incentives (tax
and widened
holiday for start - up)
• Formulate/review/advocate for tax holidays and incentives for equipment
and machineries
Input subsidies and
incentives to qualified • Provision of incentives in a form of PLs and other farm input to qualified
shrimp farmers and players farmers
provided
R&D to lower the cost • R&D Program on the use of alternative raw material for shrimp feeds
of inputs such as feed • Apply novel technologies (e.g., nutrigenomics) in shrimp feed
supported/ funded development
• Formulate/ review policy related to shrimp industry
Policy support to the  Rationalization of FLA tenurial rights (i.e, include in the guidelines the
industry via policy need to evaluate and assess farm operations if indeed production
review and advocacies improvement measures are applied)
effectively provided • Streamlining on process in securing permits and licenses
(i.e., FLA rationalization, • Creation of regulatory relief council to ease issuance of permits
streamlining/simplification • Streamlining of ECC requirements for aquaculture and processing facilities
of business permit and • Implement ease of doing business (include policy amendments/advocacy
license processing) in Congress)
• Advocacy for the creation of the Department of Fisheries combined with
sufficient budgetary support to finance the identified PSPs in this Roadmap
• National Shrimp Extension Program
 Establishment of Shrimp School in Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao
Local pool of shrimp  Develop/enhance/promote/implement shrimp training program,
experts developed and whether face to face or virtual) (i.e., On - Line Training on
manpower capability Fundamentals of Shrimp Aquaculture “HIPonLINE”)
enhanced  Hands - on - training of shrimp technicians, entrepreneurial training to
support start - up business
 Immersion programs/On - the - Job Training (OJT) for fisheries and
related sciences students in intensive farms and hatcheries

Key Result Areas
(KRAs)
• Establishment and maintenance of a National shrimp database
National shrimp database
 with standardized data collection manual
established
 continuous dialogue with PSA on the enhancement of its data
gathering and reporting methodology
Knowledge products (KPs)
to aid in capacitating and • KP development, packaging and dissemination
empowering stakeholders  standardize and laymanize via a central clearing house as necessary
developed, packaged and  to be made available in formats apt to the accessibility context of
made accessible to all stakeholders
stakeholders
Small shrimp growers • Promotion/Facilitation of clustering/federation of small farmers and
empowered cooperatives
• Provide venue, whether virtual or face to face, for collective action among
Venue for collective action
all shrimp players and stakeholders (i.e., lobbying for policy/regulatory
among all shrimp players
support)
and stakeholders provided
 Shrimp Congress
and sustained
 Webinar on Business Opportunities “Shrimp it Up”
To implement the priority PSPs, the investment requirement for the entire 20 - year
duration of this industry roadmap is estimated at Php 2.50 billion. It should be noted that
most of the requirements are in the input provision segment (35.04%) largely because of
the proposed development and implementation of a National Comprehensive Shrimp
Breeding Program which hopes to make use of genetics/genomics to ensure a steady
supply of quality PLs for the industry. The second bigger chunk goes to processing
(31.17%) owing to the critical need for cold storage facilities as seasonality of production
has become its biggest constraint as well as for the upgrading of processing plants.
Farm production comes third (17.34%) where required investments are focused on farm
mechanization and infrastructure investments, food safety and regulation, and collective
action/cooperatives development. The enabling environment comes fourth (11.45%)
for credit support, technology and innovation including digital agriculture, strategic
communication, ease of doing business and transparent procurement, and agriculture
career system. Investment requirements for trading and marketing takes the remaining
5.00%.

INTRODUCTION
Rationale
Shrimp is one the major aquaculture species in the Philippines. Specifically, the shrimp
industry significantly contributes to the country’s quest for food security, employment and
foreign exchange earnings. There are two species of shrimp cultured in the country, the P.
monodon or the giant black tiger shrimp also locally known as “sugpo” and the P. vannamei
or the Pacific white shrimp also commonly known as “suati”. In 2019, the Philippines was
the 4th top producer of shrimp in Southeast Asia and 8th in the world. In 2020, the total P.
monodon and P. vannamei production reached 64,578 MT, 8% of which was exported while
the larger 92% was consumed locally.
As a net exporter of shrimp, the country’s export earnings registered P2.18 billion for 2019
alone. In the same year, shrimp ranked fourth among the major fisheries export commodities
next to tuna (Php 24.6 billion), seaweeds (Php 12.9 billion) and crabs (Php 5.1 billion). The
country exports various types of processed shrimp and shrimp products, including frozen,
head - on shell - on (HOSO), peeled and deveined (PD).
In view of the above, this roadmap aims to guide the shrimp stakeholders and enablers
towards achieving their goal for the industry. This industry roadmap answers the basic
questions: “Where are we now?” via the strengths - weaknesses - opportunities - threats
(SWOT) analysis where constraints and opportunities in each segment of the shrimp industry
value chain are examined, “Where do we want to go?” by establishing the stakeholders’
vision, mission, goals and objectives for the industry, and “How do we get there?” via the
identified priority policies, strategies and programs across three time frames – short-term,
medium-term and long-term.
9
Link to the DA Food Security Plan Framework
In the short-term, the crafting of this industry roadmap is part of the eight (8) paradigms
of the DA. It should be noted that the approved Food Security Plan Framework provides
important direction and policy guidance in terms of DA priorities (see Appendix 1). The
Framework is grounded on the DA’s vision of A Food Secure and Resilient Philippines
with Empowered and Prosperous Farmers and Fisherfolk. Towards this vision, the goal
of the Department now focuses on survival and resilience, rebooting the sector through
the principles of the new thinking and the eight paradigms and growing in partnerships
with significant stakeholders. In line with this, focus is centered on enhancing and attaining
agriculture commodities production and availability, accessibility and affordability, price
stability, sustainability and food safety.
The following are identified sectoral outcomes or key result areas (KRAs) that are targeted:
(1) Systems. Agri and fishery (A&F) value chain (VC) systems to be modernized and
integrated (Systems refer to technologies, techniques, processes and procedures in the
A&F sector, this includes farming systems, logistic systems and other systems in the value
chain development); (2) Products. Sustain its supply and enhance the competitiveness of
our products which means the ability of farmers/fisherfolk to produce good-quality products
at a lower cost and to generate a good return on investment for stakeholders; (3) People.
Farmers and fisherfolk to be empowered through broadened access and participation in
support services and value chain development and increase their adaptive capacities; (4)
Institutions. Strengthened partnerships with the private sector, local government units,
other national government agencies, state universities, and colleges, and other relevant
stakeholders; and, (5) Environment. Less vulnerable to risks and can recover in a timely
manner.
To attain the above sectoral outcomes, the following strategies have to be implemented:
(a) modernization; (b) industrialization; (c) export promotion; (d) farm consolidation; and,
infrastructure development. Additional enabling conditions are likewise identified to
effectively implement or execute the strategies, namely: (i) higher budget and investments;
(ii) legislative support; and (iii) roadmap development. It is under the third enabling condition
that the crafting of this national shrimp industry roadmap is anchored to.

Objectives
The general objective is to create a dossier that sets directions in guiding the industry
towards productivity, profitability, competitiveness, sustainability and resilience. The
specific objectives include:
1. Presenting and examining the shrimp industry’s structure;
2. Analyzing shrimp industry’s value chain segments from input provision to marketing;
a. Production and market trends and prospects
b. Local and global competitiveness
c. Constraints and opportunities of the industry via the SWOT analysis;
3. Setting the vision, mission, goals, objectives and key targets; and,
4. Identifying priority strategies, programs, policies or even projects and activities in the
short, medium and long terms.
Methodology
In crafting this industry roadmap, the VC approach was being used as the primary tool of
analysis. A VC is a sequence of related business activities (functions) from the provision of
specific inputs for a particular product to primary production, processing, marketing & up
to the final sale to consumers. Likewise, a VC includes the set of enterprises (operators)
performing these functions, linking and coordinating producers, processors, traders and
distributors of a particular product. The National Shrimp VC analysis (VCA) Report was
likewise being used as the main reference document.
The use of the VC approach in planning brings about the following advantages:
1. Systemic and holistic approach focuses on competitiveness of the whole value chain;
2. All operators can trust that others will do their part of the upgrading task, i.e. that the
concerted approach of collective action will work;
3. Market-oriented approach, because all upgrading action along the chain is guided by
the demand of final consumers;

4. Participatory approach where the stakeholders determine the strategy and are
responsible for the implementation; and,
5. Coordinated support by various enablers avoids duplication and ensures impact.
By using the VC approach, constraints and opportunities in each segment of the shrimp
VC were examined. To address the constraints as well as maximize the opportunities,
corresponding strategies were then drawn out. The set of priority programs, projects,
and policies translate the strategies into interventions to facilitate the achievement of the
goals, objectives, and targets set in the three (3) time frames: short-term (2021-2025)
coinciding with the National Agriculture and Fisheries Modernization and Industrialization
Plan (NAFMIP) implementation of the Department of Agriculture (DA); medium-term
(2026-2030) coinciding with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 2030 deadline of
the United Nations (UN); and, long-term (2031-2040) coinciding with the AmBisyon 2040
of the National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA). All of these are geared
towards attaining the agreed vision and mission for the Philippine shrimp industry.
The Consultation Process
Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, a consultative process under the “new normal” condition
was employed. A series of national stakeholders’ consultations and validations were done
online on the following dates:
1) 9 February 2021 – 1st National Consultation to solicit inputs on the SWOT analysis and
corresponding interventions and gather baseline data, with 146 participants;
2) 21 June 2021 – 2nd National Consultation to present the draft roadmap for stakeholders’
validation specifically on targets and priority constraints and interventions including its
ranking, with 130 participants;
3) 7 July 2021 - 3rd National Consultation (Sectoral) to assess the inter-firm relationships
between and among the players in the value chain, with 124 participants; and,
4) 9 September 2021 – 4th and Final Public Consultation with 87 participants.

The series of consultations involving no less than the shrimp industry direct players – the
private sector across all segments of the VC, Research and Development Institutions (RDIs)
such as the Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center-Aquaculture Division (SEAFDEC-
AQD) and the (Higher Education Institutions) HEIs both public and private, as well as the
enablers comprising of national government agencies (NGAs) like BFAR, Department of
Trade and Industry (DTI), Department of Science and Technology-Philippine Council for
Agriculture, Aquatic and Natural Resources Research and Development (DOST-PCAARRD)
and other competent NGAs was done to ensure that both the National Shrimp Industry
VCA Report and this National Shrimp Industry Roadmap are reflective of the true picture of
the national shrimp industry and is widely owned by all concerned stakeholders. Attached
in Appendix 2 is the summary of participants during the series of online consultations and
validations disaggregated according to gender and representation by segment in the
shrimp VC.
The Shrimp Industry Roadmap Development Team (RDT) also met three (3) times and
provided strategic guidance in the finalization of this document. See Appendix 3 for the
RDT Composition and Functions.
Scope and Limitation

As about 80-85% of total national shrimp production volume and 95% in terms of total value
are coming from the aquaculture sector, this industry roadmap primarily covers the cultured
shrimp, namely: P. vannamei and P. monodon. While there is an available technology for the
culture of Macrobrachium rosenbergii or the freshwater shrimp “ulang”, it is not yet widely
practiced owing to the limited local market acceptance.
In terms of product form, both fresh and processed shrimps are covered, though more
emphasis is given to fresh and the primary processed shrimps of both P. vannamei and P.
monodon. Most of the BFAR’s National Shrimp Production Program (BFAR-NSPP 2020) or
commonly known as the Hipon Iangat ang ProduksyON (HIPON) Program’s interventions
are largely focused on these two under the aquaculture sector. Thus, succeeding discussions
in this document will be centered on these two species of culture shrimp. Geographical
coverage is on a national scope.

The PSA and the BFAR-NSPP 2020 are the official sources of local data while world production
data is mainly from the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). In some cases, statistics
from PSA and other official publications involved in the shrimp industry may vary due to
differences in the method of collection, estimation, and/or sample size. In response to the
private sector’s clamor that the PSA data on production is outdated and does not depict the
true picture of the industry, the NSPP team, with guidance from the RDT, came up with an
alternative estimation for local P. vannamei and P. monodon production for 2020. This was
computed based on the productive hectarage of registered and non-registered farms further
broken down into the type of farming system used. The resulting triangulated production
data is used as the basis in this roadmap‘s target setting.
Other pertinent information including assumptions in the computation of income and

profits and relative financial position of players in the value chain are based on the results
of the key informant interviews with key industry players. In cases where a dearth of data is
encountered, responses from the key informants are used. The data outside of the country
are only those that can be accessed and available depending on the producing country.
Other data and information were sourced from the web.
Definition of Terms
Aquaculture refers to fishery operations involving in all forms of raising
and culturing fish and other fishery species in fresh,
brackish and marine waters
Biosecurity refers to set of practices that will reduce the probability of
pathogen introduction and its subsequent spread from one
place to another
Brackish water is a water that has more salinity than freshwater. It may
result from mixing of seawater and freshwater, as in
estuaries
Broodstock is sub-adult animal either male or female that shall be used
for breeding purposes
Consignacion is also called brokers/fish traders and/or stallholders
whether single proprietorship, partnership or corporation

Extensive shrimp refers to raising crustaceans under conditions of little
farming or incomplete control over the growing process and
production conditions where their growth is dependent
upon endogenously supplied nutrient
Grow-out represents the longest production phase in aquaculture
and the husbandry procedures applied affect significantly
the overall performance
Hatchery refers to (a water-based or) land-based structure growing or
culturing crustacean for breeding and fish seed production
Intensive shrimp farming refers to raising crustacean under controlled growing
process and production conditions where their growth is
completely dependent on externally supplied shrimp and
crab feed
Pathogen is a microorganism that causes, or can cause disease
Penaeus monodon is a scientific name for Giant Black Tiger shrimp that is
locally known as “sugpo”
Penaeus vannamei is a scientific name for Pacific White Shrimp also commonly
known as “suati”
Post Larvae (PL) usually refers only to the stage immediately following the
larvae and which shows already juvenile characters such as
fin rays. Also called fry
Roadmap is strategic plan that defines a goal or desired outcome and
includes the major steps or milestones needed to reach it
Semi-Intensive shrimp refers to raising crustacean under conditions of partial
farming control over the growing process and production
conditions where their growth is dependent upon
endogenously supplied nutrients and externally supplied
shrimp and crab feeds
Specific Pathogen Free is a condition indicating absence of specified disease
(SPF) organism or organisms as determined and certified as such
by competent authority
Specific Pathogen is a condition indicating resistance to specified organism
Resistant (SPR) or organisms as determined and certified as such by
competent authority
Value Chain is is a full range of activities which are required to bring a
product or service from conception, through the different
phases of production (involving a combination of physical
transformation and the input of various producer services),
delivery to final customers, and final disposal after use

Data Sources
Value Chain Analysis
One of the main sources of the information and data of the roadmap is the Value Chain
Analysis, which lay the foundation for strategic planning and improving the aquaculture
shrimp. Further, the VCA also provided an in-depth understanding of the range of structural
and dynamic elements or factors that affect the performance of key chains in major
producing regions; provided an in-dewpth understanding of the market and economic
opportunities that can potentially drive more beneficial and sustained inclusion of small
shrimp farmers and players into the shrimp value chains through a dynamic process of
change; identified through a participatory process, the systemic chain level issues that
hinder or promote the gainful participation of all stakeholders, sustainability of the chains,
and their competitiveness in general; used a participatory approach, identify and prioritize
interventions needed to overcome bottlenecks throughout the key chain/s that would
foster industry competitiveness and climate change resiliency; and, identified and explored
how to catalyze private and public sector stakeholders in the shrimp industry to collaborate
for improved industry performance.
Philippine Statistics Authority
The Philippine Statistics Authority is the central statistical competent authority of the
Philippines government on primary data collection. The PSA Website was the main source
of economic data regarding shrimp statistical record like volume and value of production,
importation, and exportation data provided were dated every quarterly.
Consultative Meetings and Key Informant Interviews
The roadmap revision consultation workshop was held from February 2021 to October
2021, with four national consultations, three shrimp industry roadmap development team
workshops, and Department of Agriculture - Philippine Council for Agriculture and Fisheries
presentations. The gathered data, recommendations, suggestions, and validation were
inputted in the roadmap.

Fisheries Policies
The Fisheries Authority Orders (FAO) were the main source of legal actions regarding
shrimp, specifically, FAO 225 series of 2007, 225-1 series of 2007, 225-2 and -3 series of
2008, 231 series of 2009, 230 series of 2009 and 230-1 series of 2009, among others.
FishStatJ - Software for Fishery and Aquaculture Statistical Time Series
FishStatJ is a windows and mac application that anyone can use to access FAO’s Fisheries and
Aquaculture statistics. They include datasets on production, trade and consumption. Data
can be extracted and aggregated according to different level of details and international
standard classifications. It consists of a main application and several workspaces that include
the datasets.
Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Data
The regional and central consolidated data were the sources for the disease surveillance
and monitoring, importation of broodstock, and in-country movement of shrimp. Also, the
Philippine Fisheries Profile and Fisheries Annual Report.

INDUSTRY SITUATION
AND OUTLOOK
Structure
Industry Definition
There are two primary culture shrimp species in the Philippines, the Giant Black Tiger
Shrimp (Penaeus monodon) and the Pacific White Shrimp (Penaeus vannamei). The latter
is an exotic species and was introduced in the country in 2007 through the BFAR-Fisheries
Administrative Order (FAO) 225 series of 2007. Since then, the culture of this species has
been popular among shrimp farmers across the country.
Figure 1. Physical Appearance of P. monodon and P. vannamei
Panaeus monodon Panaeus vannamei
Source: BFAR-NSPP
Among the perceived advantages of farming P. vannamei over P. monodon are that the
former can be cultured at high density, can be easily bred, domesticated, and can be
partially harvested. Also, there is a consistent supply of quality post-larvae (PL) because of
the importation of SPF broodstock.
18
Key Players and Functions
The shrimp industry players are generally categorized into hatcheries, feed millers, and
suppliers under the input provision segment, grow-out farms under the production segment,
processors under the processing segment, and traders/ exporters under the marketing
segment (Figure 2).
Figure 2. The Philippine Shrimp Industry Structure, 2020
SHRIMP INDUSTRY STRUCTURE

HATCHERIES AQUACULTURE FEEDMILLERS FARMS
90 Hatcheries 10 Registered Local Shrimp Feed 1, 720 Grow-out Farms

48 Penaeus monodon Manufacturers 771 Penaeus monodon
949 Penaeus vannamel
42 Penaeus Vannamel 21 Shrimpt Feeds Importer
11, 566 Hectares
5896 Penaeus monodon
5670 Penaeus vannamei
TRADERS PROCESSORS
7 Exporters Numerous Local 23 BFAR Approved

Traders 14 EU Approved
Source: BFAR-NSPP
Notes:
1) Farms refer to BFAR registered and certified P. vannamei and P. monodon farms (Source: DA-BFAR-NSPP 2020 2020)
2) Hatcheries refer to BFAR registered and certified P. vannamei and P. monodon hatcheries (Source: DA-BFAR-NSPP 2020
2020)
3) Feed manufacturers refer to registered Aqua Feeds Manufacturers (Source: Bureau of Animal Industry or BAI)
4) Processors refer to BFAR approved and EU approved processing plants (Source: BFAR-DA-FIQD)
5) Traders refer to traders/ exporters without processing plants (Source: BFAR-DA-FIQD)

Characterization of players in each segment of the VC is provided in the ensuing discussions.
A more detailed discussion per VC segment can be found in the National Shrimp VCA
Report as well.
Input Providers
BROODSTOCK FACILITIES
Broodstocks
Shrimp broodstocks are adult males or females used for breeding and production of nauplii.
Broodstocks have either Specific Pathogen Free (SPF) status or wild-caught spawners for
native P. monodon. SPF broodstocks are imported from SPF broodstock facilities abroad,
specifically from the United States of America (USA) and Thailand.
Sourcing of SPF P. vannamei broodstock abroad was made possible through BFAR-FAO
No. 225 series of 2007 which allows the importation of SPF/SPR P. vannamei broodstocks
and culture of its offspring. The implementing guidelines are BFAR-FAO 225-1 series of
2007 and amendments of some provisions through FAO 225-2 and -3 series of 2008, and
BFAR-FAO 231 series of 2009.
Importation of P. monodon, on the other hand, is guided by the BFAR-FAO 230 series of
2009 with the BFAR-FAO 230-1 series of 2009 as its implementing guidelines.
Native P. monodon Spawner
Gravid P. monodon as spawners are collected by fishermen from the wild and purchased by
hatchery operators for spawning. Region I sources its spawners from Masbate and Quezon;
Region III from Misamis Occidental, Leyte, and Samar; Region IV-A from Sorsogon, Albay,
and Camarines Norte; Region V from Camarines Norte; Region VI from Capiz and Negros
Occidental; Region VIII from Leyte and Samar; Region IX from Zamboanga Peninsula;
Region X from Misamis Occidental; and, Caraga Region from Surigao del Sur.

Constraints
The problem with this dependency on wild-caught spawners is that their disease status,
genetic lineage, and performance are unknown. The catch and spawn scheme do not allow
spawners to be screened for diseases prior to spawning. This renders efforts to control the
introduction of diseases challenging. The risk of introduction of bacterial and viral diseases
to grow-out farm from post larvae (PL) of unscreened broodstock is very high, since wild
animals are considered latent carriers of known and unknown pathogens. Some shrimp
diseases can be vertically transmitted as well. Stocking of infected PL could lead to disease
outbreaks and mass mortality and will therefore jeopardize grow-out production. Also,
genetic improvement is not carried out by this practice because the offspring produced
is directly used for grow-out production. Finally, continued catching of spawners from the
wild may result in the possible exploitation of the natural population.
SPF/SPR Broodstock Facilities
The broodstock to be imported must only come from SPF broodstock facilities originating
from the USA and any other country that can equal or surpass such standards of the USA
and should be known to have a capacity in producing broodstocks that are SPF/SPR and
must have a well-documented breeding program of SPF/SPR shrimp.
The broodstock facility selected by the importer must have a minimum of two (2) years
disease-free status as certified by the competent authority from the country of origin. In
addition, the broodstock facility shall likewise submit its disease history for the period
covering its commercial establishment to the present.
To date, there are six (6) P. vannamei SPF Farms in the USA and one (1) in Thailand that are
accredited by BFAR as the country’s supplier of P. vannamei broodstock. Meanwhile, there
is only one (1) SPF P. monodon supplier from Hawaii, USA.
As shown in Figure 3, the country is importing more of the P. vannamei broodstocks over
that of P. monodon during the last decade.

Figure 3. Ten-Year Trend of Shrimp Broodstocks Importation (in pieces), 2011-2020
Source: BFAR-NSPP 2020
Constraints
The availability of quality domesticated broodstock from breeding facilities overseas

provides an opportunity to ensure the consistent supply of quality PL in the country.
Broodstock importers, however, used to raise concerns about the high cost of imported
broodstocks and the need for purchases to be in bulk to be prioritized by suppliers. The
possible emergence of unknown shrimp diseases can also happen through broodstock
importations.
HATCHERIES
Hatcheries can be classified into two: (a) hatcheries that maintain broodstock in a biosecure
facility and produce seedstocks or PL in controlled environment; mostly privately-owned
and accredited by the government; and, (b) hatcheries that rear nauplii to PL also called as
larval rearing facilities; most of these are owned by the hatchery operators while others are
stand-alone facilities.

Hatcheries are required to be registered/accredited by the government, specifically the
DA-BFAR. Accreditation is necessary considering the delicate nature of its operation and
the need to regulate, control, and monitor certain processes for the implementation of
national biosecurity measures thus managing the risk associated with the importation of
broodstock.
BFAR-FAO 225-1 series of 2007 “Guidelines for the importation of Pacific white shrimp (P.
vannamei)” listed the minimum biosecurity standards for controlled hatchery facilities for
accreditation. The same standards may also apply to P. monodon hatcheries.
To run a successful hatchery facility the biosecurity standard operation and good aquaculture
practices (GAqP) should be properly implemented. A complete facility and equipment as
well as a well-trained manpower are necessary for a hatchery to operate effectively.
Number and Location of Accredited Hatcheries
In 2020, there are a total of 90 shrimp hatcheries listed with BFAR, 48 of which are for P.
monodon and 42 for P. vannamei. These are mostly located in shrimp-producing regions in
the country, majority in Regions III and VII for P. vannamei (Figure 4) and Regions IV-A and
X for P. monodon (Figure 5).
Of the 90 shrimp hatcheries, 29 P. vannamei and 1 P. monodon facilities import SPF

broodstock from shrimp breeding facilities in Hawaii, USA and Thailand.

Figure 4. BFAR Registered and Accredited P. vannamei
Hatcheries, Number, and Location, 2020
Hatcheries w/o
Region Province Hatcheries Total
Maturation facility
I Ilocos Sur 1 1
Pangasinan 3 4 7
III Zambales 8 3 11
Bataan 1 1
IV-A Quezon 1 1
Batangas 2 2
VI Iloilo 1 1
Bohol 1 2 3
VII Cebu 6 6
Negros
1 1 2
Oriental
VII Leyte 2 2
XI Davao del Sur 2 2
South
XII 1 1
Cotobato
Sarangani 1 1 2
Total 2 14 42
Source of basic data: BFAR-NSPP 2020
For the P. monodon registered hatcheries, there is only one (1) certified hatchery that
imports SPF broodstock. The rest of the registered hatcheries sourced their broodstocks
locally or the so-called “wild-caught broodstocks”.
Figure 5. BFAR Registered and Accredited P. monodon

Hatcheries, Number, and Location, 2020
Hatcheries w/o
Region Province Hatcheries Total
Maturation facility
I Pangasinan 7 1 8
III Zambales 8 8
IV-A Quezon 9 9
V Camarines Norte 1 1
Aklan 1 1
VI
Iloilo 4 4
Bohol 1 1
VII
Negros Oriental 2 2
Lanao Del Norte 1 1
X Misamis Occidental 9 9
Misamis Oriental 3 3
XIII Agusan del Norte 1 1
Total 47 1 48
Source: BFAR-NSPP

Constraints Affecting Hatcheries
On top of the BFAR-registered hatcheries, there are still around 52 non-registered shrimp
hatcheries all over the country as of December 2020. This brings to a total of 141 hatcheries
and larval rearing facilities, 64% of which are BFAR-registered and accredited while 36% are
not. The non-registration of these hatcheries and larval rearing facilities poses a threat to
the industry since the quality of PLs can no longer be monitored and guaranteed. Among
the reasons cited that lead to non-registration and non-accreditation is the difficulty in
complying with the minimum biosecurity standards.
Movement of Shrimp PLs
The Fisheries General Memorandum Order (FGMO) 240 Series of 2003 prescribes the
“Regulations on Trans-boundary Movement of Shrimp Post larvae” while the FGMO 014
Series of 2004 stipulates the “Guidelines for the implementation of Fisheries Memorandum
Order 240: Regulations on Trans- boundary Movement of Shrimp Postlarvae”. Prior to
transporting PLs, the hatchery operators, brokers and traders are required to secure a health
certificate to be presented to Fisheries Quarantine Service Officers upon entry and exit on
ports. These health certificates should be issued by the BFAR Central-Fisheries Inspection
and Quarantine Division (FIQD) and BFAR-Regional Fisheries Laboratory (RFL) or Fisheries
Inspection and Quarantine Unit (FIQU). Moreover, the BFAR-Fisheries Office Order (FOO)
100 Series of 2015 deals with the Mandatory Screening of Shrimp (Larvae, Post-larvae,
Juveniles, Broodstock, and Spawner) for Transboundary Movement. This BFAR-FO Order
requires Regional Fish Health Laboratories and BFAR Shrimp Disease Diagnostic Units to
conduct screening using the World Animal Health Organization (OIE) standard.
Based on the issuance of health certificates by BFAR in 2019, the bulk of P. vannamei PL
transported to other regions came from Region VII or the Central Visayas. This region
shipped more than 1.7 billion PLs to Regions I, III, IV-A, IV-B, V, VI, VII, VIII, X, XI, XII, and
Caraga, where 45% of the total PL was transported to Sarangani. Region XII was the top
recipient of P. vannamei PLs which constituted 38% of the total shipped fry. For P. monodon
PL, Western Visayas or Region VI has the highest number of PL transported, representing
60% of 64 million total P. monodon fry shipped. Recipients from Western Visayas were
regions III, IV-B, VI, VII, and XI, wherein 88% of PL from Region VI went to Region III.

FEEDS AND FEEDS MANUFACTURERS
Adequate nutrition in shrimp farming plays a vital role in economic optimization, maintenance
of good health and improvement of reproductive and growth performance of shrimps.
The quality of feed is essential to shrimps since most of the nutrition needed is obtained
from the feed. However, some extensive farms do not practice artificial feeding. Shrimps
usually in these low stocking density farms feed on food organisms that naturally occur in
the pond. But, during a specific season or stage, some extensive farms give small amounts
of feed and fertilizer to stimulate the food chain. In semi-extensive farms, feed is mostly
consumed by shrimps therefore only a small amount of feed will be able to stimulate the
natural food web. In semi-extensive farms, the feeds are mostly consumed therefore only
a few amounts will stimulate the natural food web. Lastly, in intensive farming, commercial
feeds are mostly given as a source of the shrimps’ nutrients. The intensive farms require the
best quality feed. Shrimp feeds come in several forms (mash, crumble and pellet) that suit
the life stage and size of the shrimp. Given the feeding habit of shrimp, the shrimp feed
must be water stable to prevent nutrient leaching and therefore maximize nutrient intake
and prevent feed wastage which results in pond bottom deterioration.
Aqua feed manufacturers’ role as producers and distributors of quality feeds to shrimp
farms is important. Until the present, feed manufacturers have been responsive to the
needs of the industry. This is evident in expansion of operations and adoption of the latest
technology in feed milling and nutrition. Feed companies also provide technical assistance
to their clients.
Sourcing out of quality raw materials and ingredients, further research on the advancement
in milling technology and feed formulation will surely be a game-changer in shrimp nutrition
and cost-efficiency of shrimp feeds.
There are 10 registered local shrimp feed manufacturers in the country (Figure 6) that
supply shrimp farms with an estimated total capacity of 2,048 MT, per 8-hour shift. These
manufacturers also produce shrimp feeds and have their respective dealers all over the
country. Some major aqua feed manufacturers that produce shrimp feeds include Cargill
Philippines Inc, Santeh Feeds Corporation, San Miguel Foods, Inc, Charoen Pokphand
Foods, Universal Robina Corporation, Philippine Foremost Milling Corp, Feedmix Specialist,

Inc II, New Hope Bulacan Agriculture. Charoen Pokphand Foods Philippines Corp., Hoc Po
Feeds Corporation, and Oversea Feeds Corporation.
Most of the feed mills are in Luzon, thus, an investment opportunity exists for this business
undertaking in Visayas and Mindanao.
On top of the local shrimp feed manufacturers, there are 21 registered shrimp feed importers
in the country. Imported feeds are broodstock finisher, fry mash and crumble, starter pellet,
grower pellet, supplementary feeds and feeds for larval stages such as artemia replacement.
Figure 6. Location of Local Shrimp Feed Manufacturers

and Importers in the Philippines, 2020
Region Province Local Food Manufacturer Food Importer Total
Bataan 1 1
III Bulacan 5 2 7
Tarlac 1 1
Pampanga 1 1
VII Bohol 1 1
Cebu 1 5 6
X Lanao del Norte 1 1
XII South COtabato 1 1
XIII Agusan del Norte 1 1
NCR 11 11
Total 10 21 31
Legend: Local Feed Manufacturers
Local Feed Importer
Source of basic data: AFVDBCD-BAI-2021
The Philippines imported shrimp feeds to the tune of 11,906 MT and valued at ~Php 637
million in 2019 (Figure 7). Vietnam is the number one source with a 94% share. Other
sources include Thailand, Taiwan, USA, China, Malaysia, Indonesia, and Japan.

Figure 7. Philippine Shrimp Feeds Import, 2019
Source: Philippine Fisheries Profile, 2019
Constraints
The high cost of feeds has been identified as one of the constraints in the industry. This
applies to both the input provision (hatchery) as well as in the actual farm grow-out stage.
FERTILIZERS AND CHEMICALS AND OTHER INPUT SUPPLIERS
Fertilizers used in shrimp farms are inorganic and organic. Inorganic fertilizers include
urea (46-0-0), 16-20-0, 14-14-14 (complete), and among others. Pond preparation aims at
optimizing the pond’s environmental conditions for the grow-out cycle, while fertilization
establishes the desired water quality conditions and natural production in the pond. Feed
management then drives the production cycle until harvest.
Local fertilizer producers are Philippine Phosphate (PHILPHOSPHATE), Atlas Fertilizer, Farm
Mix, Feedmix, La Filipina Uy Gongco Corp., Modern Time Enterprises, Inc., Yara Fertilizer
Phils, Inc., Nork Hydro (Phils). Organic fertilizers used are dried chicken manure, cow dung,
and goat manure.
Chemicals used in shrimp farms are disinfectants such as chlorine, formaldehyde,

glutaraldehyde, among others are applied during pond preparation and are used for foot
bath and car-tire bath during the culture period. Some suppliers are Bayer Philippines,

BioSolutions, CP, Inve Aquaculture, and among others. Other inputs include probiotics
applied to feeds, soil, and water.
EQUIPMENT AND MACHINERIES SUPPLIERS
The most common equipments and machineries used in shrimp farms are paddle wheels,
aerators, generators, tractors equipped with rotators for plowing, chain block, paddle boat,
submersible pumps, water pump, water pipelines, hand tools, and pond liners. Suppliers
of said equipment and machines are Biosolutions, BNH Aquaculture Corp., Sarangani
Agricultural Company, Inc., Frabelle Fishing Corporation, Mogul Enterprise located in
Metro Manila and Steelfab Water Solutions Asia, Inc. located in Subic.
Grow Out Farm Owners and Operators

Types of Shrimp Farming
There are three (3) types of shrimp culture practiced by shrimp farmers, namely: extensive,
semi-intensive, and intensive farming. Table 1 shows the summarized characterization of
shrimp farm production systems practiced in the Philippines.
Table 1. Summarized Characterization of Shrimp Farm Production Systems

Characterization Intensive Semi-intensive Extensive
Stocking Density & • 60 - 200 PL/m2 • 6-20 PL/m2or 10,000- • 1-5 PL/m2 or average
Annual Production or 50,000 PL /ha; 50,000 PL /ha stocking density of
monoculture 3,000 post-larvae/
ha (range of 1,000 to
10,000/ha); mostly
polyculture with
bangus
• Annual production of • Annual production of • Annual production
5,000-15,000 kg/ha/yr 500-4,000 kg/ha of 100-500 kg/ha and
200-800 kg/ha of
milkfish

Characterization Intensive Semi-intensive Extensive
Feeding Management & • Nutrition is through • Fertilization is applied • Rely on naturally
Equipment commercial feeds to stimulate the occurring food
production of natural organisms in the pond
• Water exchange food; commercial feed for their nutrition
through pumps and is given when natural
aeration facilities food is scarce
• Ponds are smaller at • Some farms use a

1,000 to 5,000 m2 in minimal aeration
size, and are lined system
with concrete/bricks/
HDPE
Biosecurity Protocol • Apply stringent • Minimum biosecurity • Lacks biosecurity
biosecurity protocols; protocol protocol
use equipment such
as aerators and water
pumps, usually pond
is lined with high-
density polyethylene
(HDPE)
Source of basic data: PNS for Shrimp; https://www.tridge.com/guides/shrimp-prawn/PH
Shrimp Farming Activities
Shrimp farming covers the following: pond preparation; PL stocking; biosecurity

management; feeding management; water quality monitoring; health management; and
harvesting. While each of these activities is briefly explained in the ensuing paragraphs,
detailed discussions can be found in the accompanying National Shrimp VCA Report.
POND PREPARATION
In shrimp farming, pond preparation is not just a one-time activity. It has to be done regularly
every after harvest to ensure an optimum environment for shrimp survival and growth.
Generally, it includes drying, pond bottom management, elimination of predators, and water
management. Pond preparation is also a proactive way of disease management. Ponds can
either be an earthen pond or a lined pond.

PL STOCKING
Stocking of quality PL is of prime importance to shrimp grow-out production. Considering

the risk associated with PL stocking, shrimp farmers should ensure to acquire quality PL
from BFAR registered and accredited hatcheries. As early as the pond preparation stage,
growers already communicate to the hatchery/larval rearing facility for their required PL for
stocking. Intensive farms require PL to have quality screening prior to purchase and delivery
to ensure the quality of PL from the hatchery. Hatcheries are also required to submit
samples to the BFAR laboratory prior to PL transport for disease analysis and issuance of
health certificates.
For P. monodon, there is only one (1) certified farm in the country that has its own hatchery
for its PL requirement – the Marcela Frontier Resources Inc. located in Bohol. This is the only
hatchery that imports SPF P. monodon broodstock from Hawaii. The rest of the hatcheries
used wild-caught broodstock.
BIOSECURITY MANAGEMENT
Biosecurity, as it is being applied to shrimp aquaculture, may be defined as the practice of

pathogen exclusion from cultured aquatic stocks in broodstock facilities, hatcheries, and
farms, or from entire regions or countries for the purpose of disease prevention (Lightner,
2005). Biosecurity may have many facets as shrimp farming embraced the concept of
disease prevention through physical, biological and chemical measures.
Physical biosecurity measures prevent the entry of vectors into the farm through the
installation of water treatment and quarantine. Physical barriers such as bird screen or bird
scare device, crab fence, and foot baths are installed during pond preparation. Biological
control is the use of specific pathogen PL for stocking. Chemical biosecurity is the use of
chemicals to disinfect water and materials such as footwear, clothing, and tools before they
enter the facility.
FEEDING MANAGEMENT
Feeds cost constitutes the highest operating expense in intensive farms, thus proper feeding
management of commercial feeds should be observed. Feeding management includes the

right practices, feed handling, and storage. While manufacturer’s recommendations are
used as a feeding guide, the “art” of feeding adjustment, however, depends on actual
culture practices and assessments made by farm technicians (Albaladejo and Usero 2019).
Blind feeding is implemented on the first 30 days of culture (DOC). This is followed by
scheduled feeding in 31 DOC onwards. Most farms practice a four-times a day feeding
scheme. Probiotics, immunostimulants, vitamins and mineral premixes are also added to
feeds from time to time to enhance shrimp growth and survival.
Feed conversion ratio (FCR) is the indicator of feeds and feeding methods efficiently
adopted by the farms. Most farms reported a range of 1.2-1.5 FCR which is a positive
indication of quality feeds and appropriate feeding practices in general.
WATER QUALITY MONITORING
Water is the shrimp’s environment. It is, therefore, necessary to keep track of the water quality
parameter so that deviation from normal will be immediately managed. Most intensive
farms have either water quality equipment or water quality kits. Parameters to measure are
pH, temperature and salinity among others. Those farms without kits or equipment submit
water samples to the BFAR Fish Health Laboratory or other BFAR recognized laboratories.
Onsite water quality testing is done by BFAR Regional Fish Health Officers or HIPON
Program technical staff during field monitoring.
HEALTH MANAGEMENT
At the farm level, health management refers to farm protocols that should be put in place and
conscientiously followed to mitigate, if not prevent, disease occurrence. Farming activities
should be aligned with these health management protocols, to wit: pond preparation;
adherence to biosecurity and good aquaculture practices.
DA-BFAR, through its NFLD and Regional Fisheries Laboratories (RFL), conducts regular
surveillance, monitoring and reporting of shrimp diseases. Most intensive farms regularly
submit shrimp samples to laboratories for early detection of pathogens. There are farms that
establish their own laboratories too with water quality and disease monitoring equipment

coupled with capable manpower to perform analysis. Some companies hired technical
people and researchers to form a health management team. Semi-intensive farms seldom
submit samples and only do so if there is an observed mortality. Extensive farms only know
mortality after harvest, especially those that are in poly culture.
There are 17 BFAR laboratories all over the country and another two (2) BFAR-recognized
laboratories which are the Negros Prawn Producers Cooperative (NPPC) in Bacolod and the
Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center-Aquaculture Division (SEAFDEC-AQD) in
Iloilo Province. There is a need for continuous updating of laboratory capabilities for emerging
threats to biosecurity, food safety, and the environment. Table 1.1 shows the summary of
diagnostic capabilities of the BFAR RFLs and its Central Fish Health Laboratory.
Table 2. Summary of Diagnostic Capabilities of Regional and Central Fish Health Laboratories
AQUATIC ANIMAL DISEASE DIAGNOSTICS FOOD SAFETY
REGION Level Level Level III
RESIDUE MICROBIOLOGY CHEMICAL
I II Screening Confirmatory
NFLD    * * * 
I    - - - -
II     - - -
III      - -
IV-A    -   -
IV-B    - - - -
V    - -  -
VI      * *
VII       
VIII    - - - -
IX    - -  
X    - - - -
XI    - -  
XII       
Caraga     - - -
BARMM    - - - -
CAR    - - - -
Source: BFAR-NFLD * PNS/IEC ISO 17025:2017 Accredited

Currently, 11 known shrimp pathogens, are monitored by BFAR, six of which have been
found present in the country, namely: White spot syndrome Virus, Vibrio parahaemolyticus-
APHND, Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP), Monodon baculovirus (MBV), Yellow Head
Virus (YHV), and Infectious Hypodermal and Haematopoietic Necrosis Virus (IHHNV).
Constraints Related to Health Management
The shrimp industry has been beset by many devastating diseases in the last three decades,
which has caused severe production and economic losses and even caused the collapse of
the industry in some countries. These include viral (WSSV, TSV, and YHV), bacterial (luminous
vibriosis, AHPND), and parasitic (EHP) diseases.
The Philippines attained its peak of production in the mid-1980’s and an abrupt drop was
observed in the mid 1990’s due to diseases and auto pollution. Central to the disease
problem was the bacteria Vibrio harveyi, which caused the disease known as luminous
vibriosis (Cruz et al. 1997).
The WSSV has been causing a catastrophe in most shrimp-producing countries since the
early 1990s. It was not reported in the country until 2000, however, probably because of the
Philippine government’s ban on importation of broodstock and PL at that time. Anecdotal
evidence suggested that the Philippine outbreaks in the late 1990’s originated from the
illegal importation of PL from China (Flegel and Fegan, 2002).
In 2000, Magbanua et al. reported the high prevalence of WSSV in the country. This was
characterized by loss of appetite, stunted growth, and heterogeneous weight sizes from
ponds with ‘light-grade’ infections.
In the last quarter of 2002 to 2004, mass mortalities due to WSSV infection were frequently
reported in all major shrimp-producing regions in the Philippines. The outbreaks usually
occurred between 60-90 DOC. Mortality ranges from 80% to 95% in an intensive culture
system and 30% to 70% in an extensive culture system (dela Pena, 2004).
In 2014, AHPND was identified as the cause of disease outbreaks in shrimp producing
areas in the country (Dabu et al., 2015; dela Pena et al., 2015). The serious AHPND

outbreaks caused by unique strains of V. parahaemolyticus led to heavy economic losses
among shrimp growers in some major shrimp-producing provinces in the country, thereby
threatening production growth and export expansion of the Philippine shrimp industry
(Apostol-Albaladejo 2015).
In 2016, the EHP was detected in apparently healthy marketable size shrimp from samples
collected from the grow-out farm in Cebu. By the first quarter of 2017, it was further detected in
shrimps from Negros Occidental. At harvest, variation of size among shrimps was remarkable,
which was a typical sign of HPM (Albaladejo and Usero 2017). The drop in production in 2018
was attributed to the mixed infection of EHP, WSSV, and VP APHND.
The outbreak, emergence, and reemergence of diseases are real threat to the progress
of the shrimp industry. A proactive approach to prevent and mitigate the impact of its
occurrence should be in place. Strategies includes strengthening passive and active
surveillance, monitoring and reporting should continue to determine disease presence and
prevalence the country; upgrading of competent authority’s laboratory facilities, equipment
and personnel, issuance of health certificate for transboundary movement of shrimp; further
research and development in health and culture technologies; strict implementation of
both national and farm level biosecurity measures; and farmers should adopt and to adhere
new farming technologies available.
HARVESTING
Another advantage of P. vannamei over P. monodon is that it can be partially harvested.

Farmers have the option to have a second partial harvest or totally harvest the entire stock.
Partial harvesting is commonly practiced in P. vannamei to reduce crowding and allow better
productivity, 20% of stocks are initially harvested when the shrimps weigh an average of 15
grams per piece (65-70 pcs/kg). Most farms harvest 50% of shrimps at 90-days of culture
(DOC) with weight ranges from 18 to 20 grams per piece (50-55 pieces/kg). Final harvest is
at 25 to 30 grams/pc (30-40 pcs/kg).
Meanwhile, P. monodon species are harvested once, usually at 135 DOC with the average
weight of 35-40g (25-30 pcs/kg).
Cast nets and seine nets can be used to harvest shrimp partially. During the the total

harvest, ponds are gradually drained. Shrimps are immediately soaked in a chilling tank
after harvest, followed by sorting and packing in styrofoam boxes with crushed ice.
Some processors and traders have this practice of sending their own harvest team to farms
to ensure quality control.
Location and Number of Shrimp Farms
Shrimps are grown and produced in brackish water grow-out farms in most regions in the
country notably except for the NCR and CAR. About 50,000 hectares of brackish water
ponds in the country were devoted to shrimp culture, however, only a little over 10% of that
area is productive.
The majority of the Philippines’ shrimp grow-out farms are located in Regions III,
CALABARZON, V, VI, IX, X and XII while Regions II and VII are quickly catching up. Most of
the P. vannamei farms are concentrated in Regions III, IV-B, I, VII and XII (Table 3 and Figure
8) while that of P. monodon are in Regions III, X, and IV-B (Table 4 and Figure 9).
A total of 1,720 shrimp grow-out farms are listed in BFAR with a total productive area of
11,565.787 hectares. In terms of number of the farms, 55% are P. vannamei and 45% are
P. monodon; in terms of area, however, the total P. vannamei farm is relatively smaller at
f5,670.09 hectares (49%) compared to P. monodon’s 5,895.70 hectares (51%).
Table 3. Distribution of P. vannamei Farms by Region and Province, 2020

REGION PROVINCE/CITY NUMBER AREA (HA)
I Ilocos Sur 111 59.75
Ilocos Norte 2 -10.5
La Union 120 97.89
Pangasinan 186 690.81
Sub-total 419 858.95
II Cagayan 14 85.72
Sub-total 14 85.72
III Pampanga 82 677.2
Bulacan 10 255.3
Zambales 51 370.62
Bataan 1 7
Sub-total 144 1,310.12

REGION PROVINCE/CITY NUMBER AREA (HA)
IV-A Batangas 21 101.47
Sub-total 21 101.47
IV-B Oriental Mindoro 41 423.79
Occidental Mindoro 13 116.8
Marinduque 7 127.7
Palawan 20 230.35
Sub-total 81 898.64
V Catanduanes 1 4
Albay 1 3
Sub-total 2 7.00
VI Iloilo 4 25.38
Negros Occidental 45 439.87
Sub-total 49 465.25
VII Bohol 59 528.61
Negros Oriental 2 73.09
Cebu 8 166.32
Sub-total 69 768.02
VIII Leyte 7 128
Northern Samar 1 6.4
Sub-total 8 134.40
IX Zamboanga Sibugay 1 100
Sub-total 1 100.00
X Misamis Occidental 2 2.6
Misamis Oriental 2 9.5
Sub-total 4 12.10
XI Davao Occidental 1 16.79
Davao Oriental 36 49.858
Davao De Oro 3 6.04
Davao Del Sur 8 81.939
Davao del Norte 1 2.7
Sub-total 49 157.33
XII Sarangani 23 537.86
Sultan Kudarat 26 71.1
South Cotabato 11 48.75
Sub-total 60 657.71
XIII Surigao Del Sur 18 43.03
Agusan Del Norte 7 64.37
Surigao Del Norte 3 5.68
Sub-total 28 112.18
BARMM Maguindanao 1 1.2
Sub-total 1 1.20
TOTAL 949 5,670.087
Source: BFAR-NSPP

Figure 8. Mapping of P. vannamei Farms in the Philippines, 2020
Source: BFAR-NSPP

REGION PROVINCE/ CITY NUMBER AREA (HA)

I Ilocos Sur 51 26.81
La Union 44 21.93
Pangasinan 23 56.5
Sub-total 118 105.2
III Pampanga 118 777.1
Bulacan 72 711
Sub-total 190 1,488.1
IV-A Batangas 1 2
Sub-total 1 2.0
IV-B Oriental Mindoro 37 275.1
Marinduque 17 104.2
Palawan 45 258.86
Romblon 1 1
V Catanduanes 8 73.6
Sorsogon 3 56
Camarines Sur 15 173.05
Camarines Norte 1 21
Masbate 17 254.6
Sub-total 41 578.25
VII Bohol 3 302.14
Sub-total 4 306.34
VIII Leyte 19 129.8
Sub-total 19 129.8
IX Zamboanga Del Norte 6 85.4
Zamboanga Del Sur 22 465.7
Zamboanga Sibugay 11 248
Sub-total 39 799.3
X Misamis Occidental 105 337.35
Lanao Del Norte 105 1213.4
Sub-total 210 1,550.75
XIII Agusan Del Norte 30 168.11
Dinagat Island 2 6.25
Surigao Del Norte 4 39.4
Sub-total 36 213.8
Sub-total 36 25.5
TOTAL 771 5,895.70
Source: BFAR-NSPP

Figure 9. Mapping of P. monodon Farms in the Philippines, 2020
Source: BFAR-NSPP

In terms of farm size, 85% of registered and accredited shrimp grow-out farms in 2020 are
small farms with productive areas ranging from 1-10 hectares (Table 5).
Table 5. Number and Sizes of Registered and Accredited Shrimp Grow-out Farms, 2020
Number of P. Number of P.
Area Total Grow-out %
vannamei Grow- monodon Grow-
Range(ha) Farms Share
out Farms out Farms
1-10 814 642 1,456 84.6
11-20 76 64 140 8.1
21-30 25 32 57 3.3
31-40 16 12 28 1.6
41-50 7 7 14 0.8
51-100 11 10 21 1.2
101 above 1 4 5 0.3
Total 949 771 1,720 100.0
Source: BFAR-NSPP
Constraints in the Farm Production/Grow-Out
The industry is indeed dominated by small-scale farmers who are fragmented and
unorganized and with limited capacity to implement biosecurity measures and GaqP to
keep pathogens/diseases away from their farms. It should be noted though that having
small backyard raisers is not necessarily bad as long as they are organized. Such is the
case of India, which has hundreds of individual small-scale intensive farms and does not
belong to large-scale corporations but rather cooperatives. This spirit of cooperativism
in India proves that having many small and medium sized farms can be manageable and
less capital intensive for many if not most. Contagion is also better managed if the new
technologies are taught to many of these small and medium aqua farms.
Relatedly, grow-out farms are continuously being encouraged to practice GAqP to prevent
and minimize risks associated with aquaculture production. The GAqP aims to improve
animal health and ensure food safety, as well as enhance environmental integrity. GAqP
covers mariculture, freshwater and brackishwater cultures. Management practices involve
site selection and facility design, water use, sanitation, farm management, animal health
and disease management, and labor and community.

At the moment, however, there is a low adoption of GAqP and biosecurity measures for
shrimp among traditional farms. This has resulted in low farm productivity. Many small and
traditional farms are still practicing outdated shrimp technology. Two reasons have been
cited for this - one is the lack of financial capacity of these small farms to comply with the
standards and shrimp farming is a capital-intensive venture. The second one is that there is
still this low appreciation of the benefits of practicing GAqP for some.
Based on the list of BFAR at hand, there are still around 5,000 unregistered grow-out farms
with seasonal production with a total estimated area of 40,000 hectares. The list, however,
is still subject to validation at the regional level. If these figures are indeed accurate, this
posed a challenge for registration and accreditation. This is tantamount to at least 75% of
shrimp farms not being registered with BFAR at the very least. These farms, which are mostly
into poly-culture, fail to comply with minimum biosecurity and GAqP requirements. With
the pandemic and even pre-pandemic period, small growers and farmers find it already
tedious to get the necessary permits such as Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC),
and municipal permits, which also need a barangay permit. Most of these farmers are used
to the notion that agriculture and aquaculture are their normal way of life and they feel that
they do not need to register. The adverse implication of a farm not being BFAR registered
and/or accredited does not merely revolve around the farm not being able to supply to
processing facilities who are into exports but also on biosecurity issues.
Another challenge in this segment is the inclement and unpredictable weather conditions
including typhoons and droughts as well as the occurrence of natural disasters.
Some Fishpond Lease Agreement (FLA) holders cried over the existing policy regulation as
inscribed in RA 8550 where small farmers and holders are to be given priority in fish pond
holding and development. They cited that the downside of this policy is that these small
holders do not have the financial and technical capacity to develop and make the area
productive. They feel that this works against those FLA holders who have invested so much
in shrimp farming but won’t be given priority once their FLA expires.
A number of local shrimp farmers and growers also raised their concerns on what they call
unnecessary and unfair importations (UUI). They are of the view that import volume should

be only limited to what is necessary and should be subjected to the same regulations that
domestic farming and processing have to undergo as compliance to the export market
requirements to level the playing field.
Processors
Processors are either buying raw materials directly from farms or through middlemen while
some have their own grow-out farms. In 2020, a total of 23 BFAR-approved and another
14 European Union (EU)-approved shrimp processing plants are recorded (Figure 9). Most
of these plants are located in Bulacan, Paranaque, Cebu and General Santos areas. There
are three (3) EU-approved processing plants with third-party certification, namely: Fisher
Farms Incorporated in Bulacan, Makran Trading and Development Corporation in Negros
Occidental, and Phil-Union Processed Foods Incorporated located in Cebu.
Figure 10. BFAR & EU-approved Shrimp Processing Plants,

REGION PROVINCE NUMBER

III Bulacan 4
IV-A Cavite 1
V Masbate 2
Camarines Sur 1
VI Negros Occidental 2
VII Bohol 1
Cebu 6
IX Samboanga del Sur 2
X MIsamis Oriental 1
XI Davao dela Sur 1
XII Sarangani 2
South Cotabato 4
Caraga Agasan del Sur 2
NCR 8
Total 37
Source: BFAR-FIQD

Constraints
The efforts of linking growers and processors are hindered by the inability of unaccredited
farms to supply to processors. This is because as a matter of the export market requirement,
traceability is of prime importance.
The seasonality of raw material supply for processing is a major constraint among shrimp
processors. Shrimp harvest is characterized by a 4-6 months seasonal availability with
a peak season during the months of July to October. The remaining period of the year
comprises the lean months. In the absence of cold storage facilities, processors cannot
hold off the excess harvest during peak months and reserve them for processing during the
lean months.
With the seasonality constraint confronting the processing sector, raw materials become
consequently more expensive during the lean season. The optimum efficiency of processing
plants is likewise hindered. Moreover, plants cannot retain workers who are already trained
to peel the shrimps. When the raw materials become available, plants lose workers only to
hire and train new ones the next peak season the following year.
Traders
Traders do the buying of shrimps from local farms and selling them to the market, both
local and international. The trading function usually comes with needed logistics support
including transport, and to some extent, cold storage requirements of the industry. In this
report, traders refer to both local traders and exporters. Consolidators, brokers, wholesalers,
and retailers are likewise covered here.
Small scale shrimp producers usually sell their produce to a middleman that brings the
product to regional markets while shrimps with higher quality grades are brought to
processors. Shrimp producers supply either directly to the processors, exporting companies,
wholesalers, and retail outlets or through bulk traders.
In general, most wholesalers and retailers directly procure shrimps from farms. Wholesalers
supply shrimp to processing plants, export markets, institutional buyers such as hotels and

restaurants, and retailers. Meanwhile, retailers bring products to major wet markets and
consignacions/trading posts.
There are numerous local traders, consolidators, brokers, wholesalers and retailers
involved in fresh and processed shrimp products trading. A total of seven (7) independent
trader exporters without processing plants have been noted in the shrimp industry. Table
6 shows the location of the seven (7) trader exporters who are purely doing exporting
business. It should be noted though this count does not include the traders who are
also playing other roles in the chain as integrators, a separate discussion on this ensues
towards the end of this.
Table 6. Shrimp Exporters, 2020

REGION PROVINCE/CITY NUMBER
III Bulacan 2
NCR Paranaque 1
Quezon City 1
Taguig 1
Manila 2
Total 7
Source: BFAR-FIQD
Opportunities and Constraints
The COVID-19 pandemic, amidst the challenges it caused, brings into fore the opportunity
of online trading/selling, not only for shrimps, for almost all commodities worldwide.
With an increasing world population, there is an expected increase in the demand for
shrimp. The Philippines can maximize this to keep or even improve its rank among the key
producers in the Asian region.
Another opportunity in the world market pertains to the presence of international buyers
who are looking into sources of clean and healthy environment-raised shrimps. This can
be an opportunity for the Philippines to come up with a position to create a Philippine
“brand/trademark” positioning in the global market. Thus, there’s a need to bring together
manufacturers and other players in the industry to bring the Philippines on the radar of
global buyers.

The world export market for shrimps, however, is a highly competitive one. For traders
who are into exports, product traceability and quality assurance concerns are paramount
such that there have to be adequate measures in chemical residue monitoring to meet the
stringent standards of the buying market.
Other problems faced by Philippine shrimp exporters are: inadequate volume to expand
exports further; limited marketing/ promotional efforts in the global arena – failure to
increase market share and acquire new markets; and, the high prices in international
markets are expected to encourage increased production in other countries as well thereby
increasing competition among supplier nations.
In the domestic trading arena, farmers and producers raised their concerns over traders
dictating the price. Furthermore, they cited that small-sized shrimps are bought at relatively
lower prices.
Finally, the high distribution and logistics cost have been confronting the industry. According
to the manufacturers it is even cheaper to ship products to the international market than
to ship them to the domestic market. The cost of gasoline in the Philippines is also high
compared to other countries. The distribution cost in the domestic market is estimated at
12% which is relatively high compared to the export market. It is also alleged that some of
the cost drivers in the domestic market are bribery and, thus, is considered a challenge by
the industry.
Integrated Shrimp Facilities
There are a handful of integrated companies involved in the shrimp industry (Table 7).
Four (4) companies, the Feedmix Specialist Inc. II, Marcela Frontier Resources, Inc., Hoc Po
Corporation and RDEX Foods International Philippines, Inc. are players across all segments
in the shrimp value chain, that is, from hatchery to feed mills to farms to processing, trading
and distribution. One (1) company has almost complete segments except for not having
feed mills - the Sta Cruz Vann Shrimp Hatchery.
Another two (2) companies are involved in the hatchery, feed mill and grow-out—Charoen
Pokphand Food Philippines Corp. and Oversea Feeds Corp. Two (2) companies have

hatchery, grow-out and processing—Aquatic Ranch Development Corp. and Wescor Prawn
Hatchery. Ten have both hatchery and grow-out farms. Three (3) have both a grow-out farm,
and processing—Dataj AquaFarm, Inc., Butuan HJR International Corp., and San Andres
Corporation (SANACOR).
Table 7. Integrated Value Chain Players in the Shrimp Industry, 2020

VALUE CHAIN
COMPANIES LOCATION
SEGMENTS
Complete: Input Provision 1. Feedmix Specialist Inc. II • Pangasinan (hatchery and grow-
(hatchery, feedmills), Farm out)
Production (grow-out farms), • Bulacan (feedmill and processing)
Processing, Trading and Final 2. Marcela Frontier Resources, Inc. • Bohol (hatchery, feedmill, grow-
sale /Distribution out, and processing)
3. HocPo Feeds Corp. • Bulacan (feedmill)
• Iloilo (hatchery)
• Negros Occidental (grow-out)
4. RDEX Foods International • General Santos City (hatchery)
Philippines, Inc • South Cotabato (feedmill)
• General Santos City and Sarangani
(grow-out)
• General Santos City (processing)
Input Provision (Hatchery, 1. Sta Cruz Vann Shrimp Hatchery • Davao del Sur (hatchery & grow-
Grow-out, Processing, out)
Trading, and Final Sale/ • Davao City (processing)
Distribution
Input Provision (hatchery, 1. Charoen Pokphand Foods • Zambales, Negros Oriental, and
feedmill) and Farm Production Philippines Corp. Sarangani (hatchery)
• Tarlac and Bulacan (feedmill)
• Batangas, Zambales, Negros
Occidental, and Davao del Sur
(grow-out farm)
2. Oversea Feeds Corp • Cebu (feedmill, hatchery & grow-
out)
• Batangas (hatchery)
Input Provision (hatchery) and 1. Meehan The Fine Food Group, • Ilocos Sur (hatchery and grow-out)
Farm Production Inc Hatchery
2. LLT Vannamei Hatchery • Zambales (hatchery and grow-out)
Corporation
3. Abalos Hatchery and Marketing • Zambales (hatchery and grow-out)
4. Odong Vannamei hatchery • Quezon (hatchery and grow-out)

VALUE CHAIN
COMPANIES LOCATION
SEGMENTS
5. Dobe Export International • Cebu, Bohol, and Negros Oriental,
and Sarangani (hatchery)
• Cebu, and Negros Occidental
(grow-out)
6. Vannamei Hatchery Inc. • Cebu (hatchery)
• Davao (grow-out)
7. Aquatic Ranch Development • Cebu (hatchery and grow-out)
Corp.
8. MAC Hatchery • Ormoc (hatchery and grow-out)
9. Ruru Aquatic Hatchery Inc. • Leyte (hatchery and grow-out)
10. DN Prawn Hatchery • Misamis Occidental (hatchery and
grow-out)
Input Provision (hatchery), 1. Aquatic Ranch Development • Cebu (hatchery, grow-out, and
Farm Production and Corp processing)
Processing 2. Wescor Prawn Hatchery • Zambales (hatchery)
• Pampanga (grow-out)
• Valenzuela (processing)
Farm Production and 1. Dataj Aqua Farm, Inc. • Cagayan Province (grow-out and
Processing processing)
2. Butuan HJR International Corp. • Agusan del Norte and Misamis
Oriental (grow-out)
• Butuan and Bulacan (processing)
3. San Andres Corporation • Agusan del Norte and Misamis
(SANACOR) Oriental (grow-out)
Butuan and Bulacan (processing)
Source: BFAR-NSPP
Cross-Cutting Concerns
As earlier cited, the shrimp industry is capital intensive. This means high start-up and
operational cost for hatcheries, farms and processing plants. Technology upgrading also
requires substantial investment cost.
Many in the shrimp industry express concerns about laws and regulations. One is that
the slow processing of permits and clearances (i.e. business permits) has been likewise
identified as a concern by players across all segments of the chain. There are also complaints
about bureaucratic obstacles to getting permits and tax credits. Lack of communication

and coordination has been reported to various agencies, particularly the DA and the
Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR). There is also a perceived lack
of political will to enforce environmental laws whenever the rich and politically connected
are involved.
The COVID-19 pandemic likewise poses an additional challenge to all players across the
entire shrimp value chain as it limits movement of people and goods especially during the
start of this pandemic.
In terms of local technical capacities, there has been a reported limited number of local
technical experts working on shrimp hatcheries and farms. Fisheries graduates nowadays
are becoming generalists. Also, there has been a widely observed inconsistency of data on
shrimp production between and among the PSA, BFAR, and the private sector.
Finally, knowledge products (KPs) on improving biosecurity measures, production efficiency,

market access, technologies, food safety, as well as local and international registration and
accreditation requirements are limited and not yet made widely available in all possible
forms.
Product Forms
Shrimps are either consumed in fresh or processed form. Fresh shrimps are technically those
which are sourced directly from farms without undergoing any other processing except maybe
for a very minimal application of ice to keep it fresh. These are consumed locally.
Processed shrimps are mainly frozen, head-on or headless, and unshelled or shelled. It
may or may not have its tail and/or its veins removed and may or may not be cooked.
The country sells and exports processed shrimp in the following forms: head-on (HON);
headless, shell-on (HLSON); peeled, deveined, tail on (PDTO); peeled, deveined (PD) and
nobashi (PDTO, stretched).
Shown in Table 8 and Figure 11 are the different shrimps and shrimp product forms and
their corresponding description.

Table 8. Shrimps and Shrimp Product Forms and Description
PRODUCT FORM DESCRIPTION
Head-on (HON) and • All-sized shrimps
Headless Shell-on (HLSO) • P. vannamei or Black Tiger

• Sold as live, fresh or frozen
EZ peeled (shell split and vein removed)
• Frozen block, semi-individual quick frozen (IQF) or IQF
• Big size black tiger shrimp’s market are mainly high-end
restaurants
• P. vannamei are sold to all levels of markets since they are
more affordable
Peeled shrimps: • Local and export trade
PUD – Peeled Undeveined • Sold in restaurants, food service and retail markets
• High volume requirements in restaurants and food service
PD – Peeled and Deveined
• Preferred by market in IQF form with small trade as block
PDTO – Peeled Deveined Tail-on
• Export in glossy roto-gravure printed nylon or polyester bags
PTO – Peeled Tail-on Skewered shrimp/ • Retail packed for supermarkets (local usually with rider)
undeveined • Bigger packs for food service
• Sold as raw or cooked
Nobashi • PDTO stretched

• Common sizes: 11g, 13g, 15g, and 18g
• High volume requirements in Japanese and eat-all-you-can
restaurants
• Available also in supermarkets
Source: INTAQ Food Inc., 9th Philippine Shrimp Congress, Bacolod City, July 3, 2014 and key players
Figure 11. Shrimp Product Forms
Head-on, shell on Headless, shell on Frozen Block

Nobashi
(HON) (HLSON) Shrimp
Peeled Undeveined Peeled and Peeled Deveined Peeled Undeveined

(PUD) Deveined (PD) Tail-on (PDTO) Tail-on (PTO)
Source: Google photos

Other shrimp products which underwent secondary processing that are available in the market
include: pasteurized bottled sautéed shrimp and shrimp powder, among others (Figure 12).
Figure 12. Different Processed Shrimp Product Forms
Pasteurized Bottled Sauteed Shrimp
Shrimp Powder
Industry Performance and Outlook

1. Production
a) World Shrimp Production
According to the FAO in 2019, world shrimp production was pegged at 6.41 million tons.
China being the lead producer for the last 10 years, contributed around 30% of the total
world shrimp production in 2019. Accordingly, the Philippines ranked 8th as a world
producer and ranked 4th in Southeast Asia.
As presented in Table 9, world production trends changed for the past years except for
China being the constant top producer. In 2009, Thailand and Vietnam were among the top
3 together with China. However, recently, Vietnam and Thailand plummeted to the top 4

and top 6, respectively. While India, Indonesia, and Ecuador made it to the top 2, 3, and 5,
accordingly. The Philippines remained amongst the top 10 producers of shrimp and prawn.
Very notable in the trend is the performance of Saudi Arabia. While it only started to record
production in 2014, it immediately made its way up into the top 10 and it even managed to
surpass the production levels of Brazil, Malaysia, Myanmar, and Peru starting in 2018. Saudi
Arabia pulled an impressive steady production growth since 2014, growing at an average
of 37% per annum.
Table 9. World Shrimp Production (P. monodon and P. vannamei) Production in MT, Ranking of Countries & 2019
Percent Share to Production, 2010-2019
% SHARE
# COUNTRY 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
(2019)
1 China 1,238,546 1,316,009 1,421,623 1,407,878 1,544,561 1,591,901 1,700,532 1,747,514 1,835,697 1,899,616 29.66%
2 India 155,531 444,607 451,753 465,958 581,242 697,585 718,748 851,363 873,154 953,500 14.89%
3 Indonesia 360,416 398,994 382,933 582,270 606,395 571,193 657,397 908,256 899,313 917,885 14.33%
4 Viet Nam 311,852 334,893 312,212 422,709 592,970 590,368 624,087 701,959 765,000 838,000 13.08%
5 Ecuador 223,313 260,256 281,356 304,000 340,000 403,000 422,000 460,762 560,000 680,822 10.63%
6 Thailand 568,374 611,164 610,357 325,511 280,159 294,381 327,240 359,757 374,430 383,328 5.98%
7 Mexico 105,064 112,563 101,207 68,604 97,808 139,198 139,932 159,839 171,506 179,269 2.80%
8 Philippines 54,024 52,546 54,548 57,800 56,114 58,904 60,075 60,693 58,022 65,809 1.03%
9 Bangladesh 43,154 56,569 57,785 68,948 71,430 75,274 68,217 68,272 61,709 63,171 0.99%
10 Saudi Arabia - - - - 12,980 17,295 24,055 39,200 56,100 60,800 0.95%
11 Brazil 69,422 69,266 75,000 64,678 65,028 70,521 52,127 41,078 45,750 54,336 0.85%
12 Malaysia 87,202 67,472 55,569 49,957 61,386 52,570 43,248 45,781 45,913 53,400 0.83%
13 Myanmar 46,105 51,207 52,693 52,000 40,000 49,891 54,179 55,310 19,042 51,796 0.81%
14 Peru 13,598 16,379 17,801 17,883 21,484 22,183 20,441 27,492 29,717 43,481 0.68%
15 Others 119,082 135,408 146,701 149,487 159,853 133,723 137,572 149,364 154,831 160,120 2.50%
Total 3,395,683 3,927,333 4,021,539 4,037,683 4,531,408 4,767,987 5,049,850 5,676,639 5,950,185 6,405,332 100.00%
Source of basic data: FAO estimates (Retrieved as of June 29, 2021)
Fluctuations in production in many countries can be associated with arising problems like
emerging diseases. For instance, when Asia experienced an outbreak of disease, Ecuador
had the opportunity to outplace Thailand with Ecuador being able to maintain its increasing
trend in shrimp production. Decline in Thailand’s shrimp production is due to the emergence
of EMS in 2012. Its recovery from the outbreak was in 2014 until 2016.

b) Philippine Shrimp Production
Tables 10 and 11 show the Philippine shrimp production volume and value during the
last five (5) years, respectively. During the same period, on average, 83% of total national
shrimp production volume and 95% in terms of total value are coming from the aquaculture
sector.
Table 10. Philippine Shrimp Production Volume in MT, 2015-2020
VOLUME OF AVE
PRODUCTION IN 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2018-
METRIC TONX 2020
TOTAL AQUA +
79,576.74 75,594.91 75,520.98 73,591,97 79,630.15 76,908.68 76,710.27
INLAND MUNICIPAL
AQUA SHRIMPS AND

60,878.29 61,683.76 62,422.69 59,584.92 66,252.72 64,133.45 63,323.70
PRAWNS
Tiger Prawn 49,527.33 49,139.48 46,067.65 44,780.43 45,732.54 42,093.38 44,202.12
Endeavor Prawn 950.34 635.80 644.03 520.64 498.15 408.33 475.71
White Shrimp 1,645.89 1,673.69 1,744.29 1,758.89 1,175.55 1,017.93 1,317.46
P. vannamei 8,752.22 10,233.16 13,965.36 12,523.97 18,845.24 20,612.48 17,327.23

Freshwater Prawn 2.51 1.63 1.36 0.99 1.24 1.33 1.19
INLAND MUNICIPAL
18,698.45 13,911.15 13,098.29 14,007.05 13,377.43 12,775.23 13,386.57
SHRIMPS AND PRAWNS
Freshwater Shrimp
5,193.24 3,116.62 2,963.98 3,373.52 3,234.07 2,743.02 3,116.87
(Hipon)
Tiger Prawn (Sugpo) 106.67 115.02 89.35 104.02 271.44 360.56 245.34
White Shrimp (Hipong

503.74 439.53 489.91 447.09 872.81 1,298.10 872.67
Puti)
Endeavor Prawn (Suahe) 759.10 819.17 748.39 676.27 633.28 819.87 709.81
Acetes (Alamang) 12,135.70 9,420.81 8,806.66 9,406.15 8,365.83 7,553.68 8,441.89
Source: PSA, Retrieved as of 04 March 2021

Table 11. Philippine Shrimp Production Value in Billion Php 2015-2020
VALUE OF AVE 2018-

2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
PRODUCTION 2020
TOTAL AQUA
+ INLAND 24,341,037.50 24,659,716.71 26,336,829.81 26,734,783.56 29,515,850.78 27,413,133.98 27,887,922.77
MUNICIPAL
AQUA SHRIMPS
23,261,505.70 23,776,011.76 25,298,751.44 25,530,072.51 28,207,866.86 26,037,015.83 26,591,651.73
AND PRAWNS
Tiger Prawn 20,788,877.22 20,925,984.66 21,459,697.60 21,745,818.84 22,989,744.87 20,447,288.37 21,727,617.36
Endeavor Prawn 185,279.06 152,845.45 154,689.10 130,630.11 134,171.31 99,995.60 121,599.01
White Shrimp 278,446.84 282,735.07 344,788.09, 364,969.01 261,617.20 288,332.65 304,972.95
P. vannamei 2,008,107.83 2,413,946.74 3,339,160.37 3,288,367.02 4,822,027.90 5,201,141.12 4,437,178.68
Freshwater
794.75 499.84 416.28 287.53 305.58 258.09 283.73
Prawn
INLAND
MUNICIPAL
1,079,531.80 883,704.95 1,038,078.37 1,204,711.05 1,307,983.92 1,376,118.15 1,296,271.04
SHRIMPS AND
PRAWNS
Freshwater
458,338.07 358,043.45 390,938.28 473,620.26 451,339.43 443,710.21 456,223.30
Shrimp (Hipon)
Tiger Prawn
39,661.62 41,501.08 34,593.21 39,493.94 129,024.47 150,276.49 106,264.97
(Sugpo)
White Shrimp
53,548.73 51,565.51 61,888.29 70,584.54 160,478.08 235,802.57 155,621.73
(Hipong Puti)
Endeavor Prawn
148,487.32 148,644.38 163,254.05 159,008.88 149,406.97 182,111.23 163,509.03
(Suahe)
Acetes
379,500.06 283,950.53 387,404.54 462,003.43 417,734.97 364,217.65 414,652.02
(Alamang)
For 2020 alone, total production volume coming from both aquaculture and inland municipal
fisheries was recorded at 76,908.68 metric tons of which 83% were from the aquaculture
sector and 17% from inland fisheries as shown in Figure 13.

Figure 13. Total Shrimp Production Percent Share by Sector, 2020
Source of basic data: PSA
Shrimp species included in the aquaculture fisheries are Giant Black Tiger Shrimp (P.
monodon) also known as “Sugpo”, Pacific White Shrimp (P. vannamei) also known as “Suati”,
Endeavor shrimp (Metapenaus endeavouri), White Shrimp (Penaeus merguiensis and
Penaeus indicus) and Freshwater Shrimp (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) known as “Ulang”.
Whereas, inland fisheries include Freshwater Shrimp (Hipon), Tiger Shrimp (Sugpo), White
Shrimp (Hipon Puti), Endeavor Shrimp (Suahe), and Acetes (Alamang). It must be noted
though that the scope of this roadmap focuses on P. monodon and P. vannamei as previously
explained.
In 2020, shrimp production in aquaculture is dominated by P. monodon and P. vannamei

comprising 66% and 32% of the total production, respectively, as seen in Figure 14.

Figure 14. Aquaculture Shrimp Production Volume (MT) per Species, 2020
The percent share of shrimp to total aquaculture production constantly hovered around
2-3% from 2016 to 2020 with an annual average share of 2.75% during the said 5-years
period (Figure 15). The highest percentage (2.81%) is observed in 2019. While, the lowest
share with 2.59% are during 2015 and 2018.
Figure 15. Percent Share of Shrimp in Aquaculture

Production, 2016-2020

Regional Performance
Generally, there is an increasing trend of shrimp aquaculture production in the last 20 years
as shown in Figure 16. Central Luzon is the major shrimp producer in the country, followed
by Northern Mindanao and Western Visayas. The successful culture of P. vannamei in
SOCCSKSARGEN and Central Visayas attributes to their increase of production in the last
five (5) years which surpassed the production of Western Visayas from 2017-2020.
Figure 16. Aquaculture: Volume of Shrimp Production per Region, 2000-2020
As discussed in the previous sub-section, diseases are the major issues concerning the
shrimp industry worldwide. The decrease in P. monodon production in 2002 was due to
the non-utilization of ponds in Pampanga, Bataan, Lanao del Norte and Zamboanga. Poor
quality of post-larvae and the high mortality rate are also attributed to the decline of the
production (PSA Fisheries Situation Report, January-December 2002). Starting in the last
quarter of 2002 to 2004, mass mortalities due to WSSV had been frequently reported in all
major shrimp-producing regions in the Philippines (Dela Pena 2004).
The notable production increase starting in 2007 can be attributed to the addition of P.
vannamei since the approval of its culture in 2007 through FAO 225. It was only in 2010,
however, when vannamei was reflected in the PSA data.

The EMS was detected in 2014 which caused a minimal decline in production. In 2017, EHP
has been first detected in grow-out farms in Negros Occidental. In 2018 it was also detected
in other shrimp-producing regions. Although the EHP does not cause mortality, this pathogen
is associated with growth retardation which leads to increased size variation and therefore
high feed conversion and economic losses. It was also observed that there is a so-called
mixed infection of disease with either white spot disease (WSD) and Acute Hepatopancreatic
Necrosis Disease (AHPND), WSD and Hepatopancreatic Microsporidiosis (HPM), AHPND and
HPM, or worst the combination of these three economically important diseases. Despite the
presence of diseases, there is an increasing trend in production since famers implementation
of biosecurity protocols as well as GAqP and continued adoption of new technologies to
improve production and mitigate the effect of the disease and to live to what they call “the
new normal” − to live with the disease.
P. monodon production slightly dropped from 2017 to 2020 as shown in Figure 17. The
declining trend can be attributed to the occurrence of diseases, specifically WSSV, AHPND,
and HPM. The major producing regions for the last ten (10) years are Regions III (Central
Luzon) and X (Northern Mindanao).
Figure 17. P. monodon Production Volume Trend in MT by Region, 2010-2020

In 2020, the top five producing provinces for P. monodon already contributed the lion
share of 89.48% to the total national production of the same species. As shown in Figure
18, topping the list are Pampanga (50.40%), Lanao del Norte (29.52%), Camarines Norte
(4.15%), Pangasinan (2.72%), and Misamis Occidental (2.66%).
Figure 18. Top Producing Provinces of P. monodon, 2020
In contrast to the decreasing production trend of P. monodon, P. vannamei production

has been increasing for the last ten (10) years as shown in Figure 19. This is due to the
expansion of vannamei farms, especially in SOCCSKSARGEN and Central Visayas. Major
producers are Region XII (SOCCSKSARGEN), followed by Region VII (Central Visayas), and
Region III (Central Luzon).

Figure 19. P. vannamei Production Volume Trend in MT by Region, 2010-2020
For 2020, as indicated in Figure 20, the top five P. vannamei producing provinces are:
Sarangani (22.15%); Cebu (11.37%); Zambales (10.51%); Cagayan Province (9.81%); and,
Bohol (8.10%). The rest of the remaining producing provinces accounted for the remaining
61.94% suggesting a more even contribution.
Figure 20. Top Producing Provinces of P. vannamei, 2020

Growth Rates
Figures 21 summarizes the annual growth rate (AGR) and average annual growth rate
(AAGR) of the Philippine shrimp industry during the last two (2) decades. AAGR during the
same period is pegged at 2.4%.
Figure 21. Production Volume, AGR & AAGR for Total Aquaculture P.
monodon and P. vannamei, 2000-2020
70,000.00 0.2
60,000.00 13.85% 0.15

Production Volume
12.69%
11.09%
50000000 0.1
Growth Rate
6.16%
5.07%
5.02% 4.23% 5.49% 4.02%
40,000.00 13.85%
0.05
2.63%
0.57% 1.11%
0 1.88%
30,000.00 -1.39% 1.30% 0
40,467.00 -2.74%
35,492.50 35,916.52 45,342.42 -2.79% -2.90%
20,000.00 -0.1
37,720.50 60,033.01 -4.55%
40,698.00 47,829.92 57,063.72
34,997.38 62,705.86
38,209.10 53,133.04 58,279.55 57,304.40
10,000.00 53,754.53 -0.15
39,825.26 51,676.25 64,577.78
-12.79% 55,469.23 59,372.64
0
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
Notes:
A. Source of basic production data: PSA
B. Species include P. vannamei and P. monodon in Total AGR Annual Average Growth Rate (2000-2020):2.4%
aquaculture only
C.Unit in metric tons
In Figure 22, it can be seen that P. monodon’s AGR has been characterized by a boom-bust
pattern and mostly negative AGR during the last decade. If the 2008 growth is removed as
shared by the stakeholders, this surge is likely to be largely attributed to the introduction of
P. vannamei but not yet recorded separately, P. monodon’s AAGR hit -6.95%. This is because
while the P. vannamei was officially introduced in the country in 2007 by virtue of the BFAR-
FAO 225, production data recording for P. vannamei by the PSA only started in 2010.

Figure 22. Production Volume, AGR & AAGR for P. monodon, 2000-2020
70,000.00 0.2
60,000.00 13.85% 0.15

Production Volume
50000000 0.1
Growth Rate
5.02% 4.23% 5.49%
40,000.00 13.85%
0.05
2.63%
0 0.57%
2.64% 3.52%
30,000.00 -1.39% 1.30% 0.69% 1.48% 2.13% 0
40,467.00 -0.78%
35,492.50 35,916.52 -1.39% -2.79%
45,342.42 -3.28%
20,000.00 -0.1
40,698.00 37,720.50 46,068
47,829.92 49,467 42,093
34,997.38 38,209.10 48,162 49,527 -6.25% 44,780 -7.96%
10,000.00 48,197 -0.15
39,825.26 47,495 45,733
-12.79% 47,843 49,139
0
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
Notes:
B. Unit in Metric Ton Total AGR AAGR: 6.05 % with 2008 (-6.95 w/o 2008)
During the 21 June 2021 validation activity, some traders and stakeholders raised their
concern on the veracity of the data from PSA, especially on the production for P. monodon.
These stakeholders cited that the around 40,000 MT annual production is bloated as traders
have been only handling around 2,000 MT annually. Furthermore, they mentioned that
some P. monodon farms have already shifted to P. vannamei culture but are still recorded as
P. monodon in the PSA data. This concern is important as it has implications in the targeting
later, specifically in the Industry Roadmap.
For P. vannamei, in Figure 23, it fared relatively well in terms of its AGR during the last
comparison. It only suffered a big blow in 2018 when the HPM disease hit Negros Occidental
in the same year. Its AAGR during the last decade is pegged at 17.18%.

Figure 23. Production Volume, AGR & AAGR for P. vannamei, 2000-2020
25000 0.6
0.5
5.02% 0.50
20000 0.4
Production Volume
0.37
0.36
Growth Rate PR
0.33 0.3
15000 0.09
0.17
0.2
0.15 12523.97
10000 0.1
0.00 8752.22 13965.36
-0.16 0
7596.8 18845.24
10233.16 20612.48
5000 4181.57
-0.1
5557.89 7625.79
4971.1 -0.10 -0.2
0
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
Notes:
B. Unit in Metric Ton AAGR: 17.18%
P.Vannamei AGR
Existing and Potential Areas for Expansion
While the AAGR for the number of P. monodon grow-out farms during the last five years is
marked at 44%, the expansion in terms of hectarage during the same period only showed
an AAGR of 30% (Table 12). Region X remained to have the largest grow-out farm areas
during the entire period, contributing 26% to the total area in 2020. Region III came in
close with 25% share.

Table 12. Cumulative Area (hectares) of Registered and Accredited P. monodon Grow-out Farms, 2016-2020
% SHARE
REGION 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
(2020)
I 0.00 0.00 0.00 69.20 105.24 1.79%
II 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00%
III 0.00 669.50 0.00 1,471.80 1,488.10 25.24%
IV-A 0.00 8.00 669.50 8.00 2.00 0.03%
IV-B 159.30 453.02 8.00 696.66 696.66 11.82%
V 122.3 443.65 481.8 578.25 578.25 9.81%
VI 14 0 0 0 0 0.00%
VII 0 161 0 306.34 306.34 5.20%
VIII 119.8 119.8 161 129.8 129.8 2.20%
IX 636.5 636.5 129.8 799.3 799.3 13.56%
X 1,104.9 1,228.4 833.5 1,532.8 1,550.75 26.30%
XI 0 0 0 0 0 0.00%
XII 0 0 0 0 0 0.00%
XIII 78.35 78.35 0 211.76 213.76 3.63%
ARMM 0 14 99.42 25.5 25.5 0.43%
TOTAL 2,235.2 3,812.2 2,383.02 5,829.4 5,895.7

AAGR:
AGR
70.55% 6.37% 43.76% 1.14% 30.45%
Source: BFAR-NSPP
The AAGR for P. vannamei registered and accredited grow-out farms in terms of area from
2016 to 2020 is recorded at 31.22% (Table 13). This is very close to P. monodon’s 30.45%.
What is notable here is the -25.92% growth in 2020 brought about by the -94% and -45%
decline in areas of Regions’ XI & XII, respectively.
The biggest registered and accredited grow-out farms for P. vannamei are currently located
in Regions III, IV-B, I, VII and XII.

Table 13. Cumulative Area (hectares) of Registered and Accredited P. vannamei Grow-out Farms, 2016-2020
% SHARE
REGION 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
(2020)
I 93.40 93.40 120.40 481.32 858.95 15.19%
II 180.47 180.47 86.72 86.72 85.72 1.52%
III 40.76 40.76 43.37 1,091.02 1,310.12 23.17%
IV-A 64.38 85.09 118.59 108.39 101.47 1.79%
IV-B 95.60 401.45 722.04 762.14 898.64 15.89%
V 4.00 8.00 4.00 7.00 7.00 0.12%
VI 343.10 454.06 454.06 465.24 465.25 8.23%
VII 159.67 241.50 275.46 552.15 768.02 13.58%
VIII 52.00 103.40 145.40 134.40 134.40 2.38%
IX 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 1.77%
X 18.00 27.60 17.50 19.10 12.10 0.21%
XI 182.27 87.57 154.10 2,529.06 142.03 2.51%
XII 1,112.07 1,162.12 1,182.80 1,188.12 657.71 11.63%
XIII 142.50 138.50 77.05 109.68 112.18 1.98%
ARMM - 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 0.02%
TOTAL 2,588.22 3,125.12 3,502.69 7,635.54 5,654.79

AAGR:
AGR
20.74% 12.08% 117.99% -25.94% 31.22%
Source: BFAR-NSPP
There are still available potential areas for shrimp culture in the country currently pegged
at 3,119.8 hectares, at the minimum, distributed across Regions VII (34.39%), IV-B (25.97%),
VIII (23.24%), Caraga (12.43%), Region X (3.72%), and II (0.25%). Table 14 shows the details
of the identified areas of BFAR-Regional Offices for shrimp farming expansion:

Table 14. Potential Areas for Expansion for Shrimp Culture, 2020
MUNICIPALITY PROVINCE AREA

Region 2
Buguey Cagayan 0.05
Sta. Teresita Cagayan 2.80
Claveria Cagayan 4.24
Aparri Cagayan 0.62
Total 7.71
IV-B (MIMAROPA)
Mogpog Marinduque 21.96
Sta. Cruz Marinduque 106.7
Calapan Oriental Mindoro 298.9
Mansalay Oriental Mindoro 21
Naujan Oriental Mindoro 59.7
Bataraza Palawan 8
Puerto Princesa Palawan 2
Quezon Palawan 264.2
Sofronio Española Palawan 27.75
Total 810.21
Region 7
Bais City Negros Oriental 35
Tanjay City Negros Oriental 8
Amlan Negros Oriental 10
Sta Catalina Negros Oriental 40
Ayungon Negros Oriental 25
Loon Bohol 50
Calape Bohol 100
Tubigon Bohol 50
Inabanga Bohol 100
Buenavista Bohol 30
Getafe Bohol 50
Talibon Bohol 100
Trinidad Bohol 100
Bien Unido Bohol 50

Ubay Bohol 75
CPG Bohol 50
Mabini Bohol 100
Candijay Bohol 100
Total 1,073.00
Region 8
Merida Leyte 20.9
Leyte Leyte 342.1
Abuyog Leyte 6.2
Babatngon Leyte 71.4
Barugo Leyte 60.64
Baybay Leyte 36
Carigara Leyte 35.64
Hilongos Leyte 23
Hindang Leyte 56
Inopacan Leyte 3
Matalom Leyte 41
Merida Leyte 2.7
Tabango Leyte 25
Tanuan Leyte 1.5
Total 725.08
Region 10
Baliangao Misamis Occidental 16
Plaridel Misamis Occidental 10
Lopez Jaena Misamis Occidental 10
Oroquieta Misamis Occidental 2
Panaon Misamis Occidental 5
Sinacaban Misamis Occidental 9
Tudela Misamis Occidental 4
Ozamiz Misamis Occidental 8
Kapatagan Lanao del Norte 6.3
Lala Lanao del Norte 32
Baroy Lanao del Norte 3.0

Tubod Lanao del Norte 0.7
Kolambugan Lanao del Norte 10
Total 116.00
Caraga
Placer Surigao del Norte 10.5
Gigaquit Surigao del Norte 58.5
Taganaan Surigao del Norte 54.2
Surigao City Surigao del Norte 83
Bayabas Surigao del Sur 5
Cantillan Surigao del Sur 21.9
Lingig Surigao del Sur 23.6
Masao Agusan del Norte 17.3
Lower Banza Agusan del Norte 49.6
Manapa Agusan del Norte 59.1
Matabao Ausan del Norte 5.1
Total 387.80
Over-all Total 3,119.80
Source: BFAR-NSPP
Alternative Estimate of Actual P. vannamei and P. monodon Harvest for

2020
While the PSA is the official shrimp production data source in this document, the observation
and strong clamor of the private sector that the PSA shrimp production data is no longer
accurate, amidst its small sample size of only 7,000, is duly recognized. The BFAR-NSPP
2020, with the guidance and inputs from the RDT members, came up with an estimate
of the 2020 local production of P. monodon and P. vannamei based on an agreed set of
parameters and assumptions multiplied by the productive hectarage of both registered
and unregistered farms (Tables 15 and 16).

Table 15. BFAR-NSPP 2020 Local Production Estimate for P. monodon based on Productive Hectarage, 2020
PARAMETER INTENSIVE SEMI-INTENSIVE EXTENSIVE

Stocking density (pcs/ 20 -30 20 -30 10 – 20
sqm) (25) (25) (15)
Survival rate at harvest 60 – 70 60 – 70 40 -50

(%) (65) (65) (45)
Average body weight at 20 – 40 20 – 40 30 -50

harvest (g) (30) (30) (40)
Number of harvest/ 1 – 1.5 1 – 1.5

1
cropping per year (1.25) (1.25)
Estimated annual harvest 2.4 – 12.6 2.1 – 1.5 1.2 – 5

(MT/ha) (7.5) (1.25) (3.10)
Estimated productive
area, registered farms 145 145 -
(ha)
Estimated productive
area, non-registered - - -
farms (ha)
Estimated harvest,
1,090.05 1,090.05 -
registered farms
Estimated harvest, non-

- - -
registered farms
Total estimated harvest 1,090.05 1,090.05 -
Yield (MT/ha) 7.52 7.52 -
Source of basic data: BFAR-NSPP, private sector estimates Processed by BFAR-NSPP
Among the total P. monodon productive hectarage in both registered and non-registered
farms, 99% are into the extensive farming system and only 1 % are into intensive culture. In
terms of yield, however, intensive farms had higher productivity.

Table 16. BFAR-NSPP 2020 Local Production Estimate for P. vannamei based on Productive Hectarage, 2020
INTENSIVE SEMI-
PARAMETER EXTENSIVE
LINED EARTHEN INTENSIVE
100 – 140 70 – 90 40 – 60 1 – 30
Stocking density (pcs/sqm)
(120) (80) (50) (15.5)
80 – 90 80 – 85 50 - 60 10 - 30
Survival rate at harvest (%)
(85) (82.5) (55) (20)
Average body weight at harvest 18 – 25 18 – 25 15 – 20 15 – 20

(g) (21.5) (21.5) (17.5) (17.5)
Number of harvest/cropping per 2 - 2.5 1.5 – 2 1.5 – 2 1-2

year (2.25) (1.75) (1.75) (1.75)
Estimated annual harvest (MT/ 28.8 – 78.75 15.12 – 38.25 4.5 – 14.4 0.015 – 4.5
ha) (53.78) (26.69) (9.45) (2.26)
Estimated productive area,

1,425.81
registered farms (ha) 833.02 545.58 2,886.16
Estimated productive area, non-

30.2
registered farms (ha) - - 2,325.63
Estimated harvest, registered

76,672.93
farms 22,229.14 5,155.73 6,515.51
Estimated harvest, unregistered

1,650.89
farms - - 5,250.11
Total estimated harvest 78,323.82 22,229.14 5,155.73 11,765.62
Yield (MT/ha) 53.79 26.69 9.45 2.26
Source of basic data: BFAR-NSPP, private sector estimates Processed by BFAR-NSPP
It can be noted that among the vannamei grow-out farms, both registered and unregistered,
65% of the total hectarage are devoted to extensive farming systems, 18% intensive lined,
10% intensive earthen and 7% semi-intensive. In terms of harvest, however, 67% were
coming from intensive lined farms, 19% from intensive earthen, 10% extensive and 4%
semi-intensive. While figures here may be high and in ideal conditions, intensive lined
ponds appear to be the most productive, followed by intensive earthen, semi-intensive and
extensive with the least yield. While intensive farms are the most productive, this farming
system is also the most capital intensive.

The resulting NSPP estimate was then triangulated with those of the PSA data and the
private sector data estimate (based on market intelligence, marketing channels including
the consignaciones, fry and feed supply and consumption) and the resulting figures are
summarized in Table 17.
Table 17. Triangulation of P. vannamei and P. monodon Local Harvest Estimates, 2020
DATA SOURCE P. MONODON P. VANNAMEI TOTAL

BFAR – NSPP (based on
19,730.62 117,474.31 137,204.93
productive hectarage)
PSA 42,093.38 20,612.48 62,093.38
Industry Estimate* ~5,000 55,000 ~60,000
* This is a confluence of the following estimates by some key players in the industry:
- Integrated Company estimate for 2020 for vannamei is at 38,000MT-40,000MT & projected 43,000MT for 2021 (based on
market factors and other market intelligence)
- Traders’ estimate for vannamei is at 60,000MT
- Fry supplier’s estimate is at an average of 45,000 MT – 50,000MT
The same estimate of about 55,000MT for P. vannamei can also be derived when triangulating
the data of NSPP, PSA, and shrimp industry practitioners (based on market channels, fry,
feeds). Table 17 shows that indeed PSA’s harvest data is no longer reflective of the true
picture of the shrimp industry. Another useful insight is that the optimal production capacity
of both P. vannamei and P. monodon in the country is not yet fully maximized as the private
sector estimate was even way below the BFAR-NSPP 2020 estimate.
3. Consumption
As stated previously, about 92% of the country’s total shrimp production is consumed
locally while 8% is exported.
The per capita consumption for shrimp of each Filipino is currently set at around 0.8 kg per
year. This figure is based on the average of 2013 and 2015 from the Food and Nutrition
Research and Institute (FNRI). This implies that the per capita consumption grew by 167%
from 0.30 kilogram per year in 2003 to 0.8 kilogram per year in 2015 Based on the said data,
the overall population in the Philippine consumes around 50,000-65,000 MT of various

species of shrimp per year during the last five (5) years (Table 18). The demand for shrimp
products is said to be positively correlated to the country’s growing population.
Table 18. Local Demand for Shrimp, 2015-2020
SHRIMP AND
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
PRAWN
Shrimp Eating Population 74,601,098 76,066,331 77,494,923 78,890,602 80,253,140 81,585,691
Demand (kg) 59,680,879 60,853,065 61,995,939 63,112,481 64,202,512 65,268,553
Demand (tons) 59,680.88 60,853.07 61,995.94 63,112.48 64,202.51 65,268.55
Source: BFAR-NSPP
Since 2015, the Philippines has become shrimp sufficient except in 2018 and 2020
(Figure 24). The supply of shrimp in the country should increase annually to cope with
the increasing demand for the said commodity. Shrimp supply was not stable from 2015
to 2020, however, due to some unwanted reasons that affected the production of shrimp
in the country. Reasons for the decline in production may include diseases and different
natural calamities.
Figure 24. Shrimp Sufficiency Level, 2015-2020
Source of basic data: PSA, FNRI

Using the 0.8kg per capita consumption of shrimp among Filipinos, Table 19 depicts
the projected annual demand for shrimp and prawn from 2021-2025. The shrimp eating
population is computed using the assumption that the 10% of the population are in extreme
poverty, which is deducted to the total seafood eating population.
Table 19. Projected Annual Demand for Shrimp and Prawn, 2021-2025
SHRIMP AND PRAWN 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025

Per capita consumption (in kg) 0.8
Shrimp Eating Population 79,193,782 80,398,501 81,570,234 82,711,814 83,816,558
Demand (MT) 63,355.03 64,318.80 65,256.19 66,169.45 67,053.25
Source of basic data: PSA, FNRI
For illustration purposes and using a 2% annual growth in production target, Table 20 shows
the projected annual supply for shrimp (2021-2025). The volume only includes aquaculture
production.
Table 20. Projected Annual Supply for Shrimp (2021-2025)
VOLUME OF PRODUCTION
2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
(MT)
Tiger Shrimp 42,935.25 43,793.95 44,669.83 45,563.23 46,474.49
White Leg Shrimp 21,024.73 21,445.22 21,874.13 22,311.61 22,757.84
White Shrimp 1,038.29 1,059.05 1,080.24 1,101.84 1,123.88
Endeavor Shrimp 416.5 424.83 433.32 441.99 450.83
Freshwater Shrimp 1.36 1.38 1.41 1.44 1.47
TOTAL 65,416.12 66,724.44 68,058.93 69,420.11 70,808.51
4. Trade (Import and Export)
Exports
About 8% of total shrimp production in the Philippines is exported to other countries. In

2019, shrimp ranked fourth among the major fisheries export commodities (Figure 25) with
Php 2.2 billion foreign earnings next to tuna (Php 24.6 billion), seaweeds (Php 12.9 billion)
and crabs (Php 5.1 billion).

Figure 25. Major Fisheries Export in Terms of Value, (in Billion Pesos), 2019
Shrimp products exported are either frozen, fresh or chilled, dried, and prepared and
preserved. Frozen shrimp, which is equivalent to 84% of total volume of shrimp exported,
is the most dominant product form, followed by prepared and preserved, fresh or chilled
and dried with 13%, 3% and 1%, respectively (Table 21).
Table 21. Shrimp Product Forms for Export, 2019
SHRIMP PRODUCT FOB VALUE IN FOB VALUE IN

QUANTITY (MT)
FORMS (‘000 $) (‘000 PHP)
Frozen 5,478 37,859 1,946,323
Fresh or chilled 204 1,631 83,850
Dried 38 399 20,524
Prepared & preserved 824 2,473 127,125
Total 6,544 42,362 2,177,822
Source: Philippines Fisheries Profile, 2019
Japan is the top destination of frozen shrimp which constitutes a great portion of Philippines
shrimp export equivalent to 43%. This is followed by the USA (18%), South Korea (14%),

Taiwan (8%), France (6%) and the remaining 10% is further distributed to other countries
(Figure 26).
Although Japan is a major export destination of Philippine shrimp, it only constitutes a small
fraction of Japan’s total shrimp import standing at a meager 1% (Figure 27). Japan’s market is
largely supplied by Vietnam (24%), India (22%), Indonesia (18%), and Argentina (10%).
Source: https://www.intracen.org/

During the last decade, the Philippine’s export volume trend has fluctuated (Figure 28).
While an ensuing peak was observed in 2017 as demand for shrimp in Asia grew stronger,
its highest export volume of 11,706 MT in 2010 was no longer paralleled nor surpassed
within the period covered herein.
Decline in export volumes was associated mostly due to a decline in production with the
emergence of diseases. For instance, there was an outbreak of Acute Hepatopancreatic
Necrosis Disease (AHPND) in Asia in 2012 to 2014 which caused the fluctuation in shrimp
production, thus resulting in the decreased shrimp exportation (Asian Fisheries Science,
2020). In 2018, the EHP was likewise identified in farms causing the drop in production. The
decline in 2020 was brought about largely by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Figure 28. Philippine Shrimp Exports Volume in MT, 2011-2020
In terms of export value, the highest export earnings for shrimp in the country was recorded
in 2017 (Figure 29). This coincides with the 2nd highest volume of exports recorded during
the same period covered.

Figure 29. Philippine Shrimp Exports Value in USD, 2011-2020
Imports
During the last decade, Philippine shrimp imports have been mostly on the rise averaging
at 2.91% and 19.95% in terms of volume and value, respectively. The biggest decline was
recorded in 2020, understandably as the entire world is suffering from a pandemic where
logistics was a very huge challenge specifically during the first few months and there was
likewise a considerable reduction in demand. It can also be noted that imports during the
last decade are within the range of 2,000-5,000 MT per year.
Table 22. Import Data of Shrimp in the Philippines in Volume and Value, 2010-2020
YEAR VOLUME (MT) AGR VALUE (USD) AGR
2010 2,207.26 3,655,756.00
2011 2,442.79 10.67% 7,952,451.00 117.53%
2012 3,123.95 27.88% 11,731,193.00 47.52%
2013 2,934.62 -6.06% 11,181,864.00 -4.68%
2014 3,323.20 13.24% 15,938,125.00 42.54%
2015 2,973.44 -10.52% 12,843,580.00 -19.42%
2016 3,554.92 19.56% 16,277,322.00 26.74%
2017 4,141.53 16.50% 22,986,532.00 41.22%
2018 5,207.30 25.73% 29,229,012.00 27.16%
2019 4,651.22 -10.68% 25,797,179.00 -11.74%
2020 2,264.85 -51.31% 9,862.46 -99.96%
Total 36,550.15 166,008,197.00
AAGR 3.50% 16.69%

The top import markets are China (50%) and Vietnam (46%) while the rest came from
Indonesia, Korea, Japan, Malaysia and Thailand (Figure 30).
Figure 30. Country of Origin of Shrimp and Prawn Imports, 2020
Ja pan 1% Korea, Republic of 1%

Indonesia 2% Thailand 0%
Mala ysia 0%
Viet Nam 46% China 50%
Source of basic data: BFAR-FIQD

Processed by BFAR-NSPP
More than half, 59%, of the imported shrimps are of P. vannamei, while P. monodon only
comprises a meager 3% (Figure 31).
Figure 31. Shrimp and Prawn Imports by Species, 2020

P. monodon
others P. vannamei


Most of the imported shrimps are either raw (51%) or peeled (36%) as seen in Figure 32.
Figure 32. Shrimp and Prawn Imports by Product Form, 2020
HOSO 2%
Other 6%
Ebi 1%
Nobashi 4%
Raw 51%
Peeled 36%

Balance of Trade
It can be noted also that from 2011 to 2020, the Philippines is a net exporter of shrimps.
This means that exportation of shrimp always exceeds the imported volume which can be
attributed to high market acceptance of locally produced shrimp to other partner countries
(Figure 33 and 34). What is quite a concern though is that the trade balance in terms of
volume has been on a declining trend during the last decade.
Figure 33. Philippine Shrimp Balance of Trade in Volume (MT), 2011-2020

Figure 34. Shrimp Export and Import in Volume and Value, 2011-2020
Source: www.tradeline.dti.gov.ph
As a substantial volume of shrimp produced by farms in the country are usually consumed
locally, only about 8% is being exported. Amidst the Philippines producing quality shrimps,
it’s potential to expand its exports and compete with other exporting countries has been
constrained due to its relatively small volume intended for export. Shrimp exportation faces
problems in domestic supply and international markets.
Nonetheless, there are still potentials for domestic production to increase with availability of
more potential areas for expansion for shrimp farms coupled with compliance to biosecurity
requirements, adoption of shrimp GAqP as well as registration and accreditation of more
shrimp farms.
5. Prices
World Prices
Figure 35 shows the global price trend of fresh shrimp during the last 10 years. It can be
noted that the highest price per kilo of shrimp during the said period was around 2014
as it hit more than US$10 per kilo. After which prices declined significantly but showed
recovery in 2017-2018. Then another downward trend was noted starting in March 2018
and ultimately hit the lowest price in September 2020 at US$6.7 per kilo.

Figure 35. Global Price of Fresh Shrimp in USD, April 2011 – April 2021
Source: Fred Economic Data (April 2011 - April 2021) Global Price of Shrimp [Graph]. St. Louise Fed
Domestic Prices
The farm gate prices of shrimp in the country varies depending on its species as shown in
Figure 36, In the last five years, Tiger Shrimp (P. monodon) commonly known as Sugpo has
a prime farmgate price ranging from PhP 419.64 to PhP 485.17 per kilogram. Whereas,
P. vannamei ranges from PhP 229.44 to PhP 252.33 per kilogram. Endeavor shrimp farm
gate price ranges from PhP 195.25 to 229.69 per kilogram. Lastly, white shrimp has the
lowest farm gate price ranging from PhP 107.63 to PhP 191.31 per kilogram. While there
is a generally increasing trend of farm gate prices in the last 5 years, price fluctuation of
different species of shrimp can be attributed to the supply and demand conditions.

Figure 36. Farmgate Price of Shrimp, 2015-2020
Based on the market price monitoring conducted by the BFAR, annual prevailing market
prices of P. vannamei, medium size with 31-60 pieces per kilogram, ranges from PhP 300 to
400 per kg in the last five years. P. vannamei’s market price reached up to PhP 550 a kilo in
2018 and dropped up to PhP 200 a kilo in 2017 (Table 23). On the other hand, the market
price for medium size with 16-25 pieces per kilogram P. monodon is much higher than P.
vannamei. Its prevailing annual market price ranges from PhP 400 to 600 per kilogram in
the last five years. In the same time frame, the lowest market price for P. monodon was PhP
210 a kilo in 2016, while it reached as high as PhP 700 a kilo in 2017.
Table 23. P. monodon and P. vannamei’s Annual Prevailing Price, 2016-2020
WHITELEG SHRIMP (P. VANNAMEI) BLACK TIGER SHRIMP (P. MONODON)

Size: Medium (31-60pcs/kg) Size: Medium (16-25pcs/kg)
Prevailing Price Prevailing Price (PhP/
Year
(PhP/kg) High Low Year kg) High Low
2016 300-350 500 240 2016 400-500 600 210
2017 350 500 200 2017 600 700 275
2018 350-400 550 240 2018 600 600 220
2019 300-400 500 280 2019 600 600 350
2020 400 450 250 2020 550 700 300
Source: BFAR-FIDS

ANALYSIS OF
THE SHRIMP INDUSTRY
Value Chain Analysis

Value Chain Maps
This industry roadmap covers two (chains), one for fresh shrimp and one for processed
shrimp with a focus on the two major shrimp species covered the P. monodon and P.
vannamei.
Shrimps and shrimp products undergo a series of transformations before the final product
reaches the consumers and its value increases in each stage of production. The value
chain for shrimp starts with input provision and ends with the final sale which involves
various players such as input providers, grow-out farmer operators, traders/exporters and
processors. These actors or players may be playing a single role in each segment of the
chain or maybe performing several roles as they are vertically integrated.
Fresh Shrimps
About 92% of total shrimp production in the country are sold locally in its fresh form.
Figure 37 describes the VC map specific for fresh shrimp. In this chain, the freshly harvested
shrimps are being traded directly in the local markets without undergoing an additional
value adding process.
There are three sub-chains here. The first sub-chain involves hatchery and farm owners who
mthemselves produce their inputs and sell their harvest directly to the local market and
institutional buyers at the same time.
The second sub-chain involves shrimp growers who source their inputs from input suppliers
and whose harvests are forwarded to major buyers, traders, and or brokers including in the
consignaciones before reaching the local market.
83
The third sub-chain depicts shrimp farmers who source their inputs from input suppliers but
sell their produce directly to the local market.
Figure 37. Value Chain Map for Fresh Shrimp
SEG- FARM
INPUT PROVISION TRADING FINAL SALES
MENTS PRODUCTION
HATCHERY INPUTS The growing and harvest Engage in buying and Buying of fresh shrimps
Engage in selling of hatchery inputs such as: of shrimp for sale. selling of shrimp for
- Broodstock Involves the following domestic markets
- Artemia activities:
- Nauplii - Site Selection
- Bloodworms or polychaete, shellfish (oysters) - Pond Preparation
FUNCTION
- Tools / Equipment - Repair and

- Biosecurity accessories Maintenance
- Stocking
- Health and water
FARM INPUTS
quality management
Involve in selling of shrimp farm inputs such as:
- Feeding and nutrition
- PLs / Fry
- Harvesting
- Feeds
- Pribiotics
- Tools / Equipment
- Biosecurity accessories
HATCHERY INPUTS Shrimp growers Local Traders Brokers Domestic Market

Suppliers of broodstock, artemia and nauplii
Feed and chemical companies
ACTORS
Agricultural supply stores
FARM INPUTS
Agricultural supply
Hatchery operators
HATCHERY AND FARM OPERATORS

ENABLERS
DA-BFAR, DENR. LGU, DTI DA-BFAR, LGU, DTI
NFRDI, SEAFDEC, ACADEME
FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS

Processed Shrimp
The remaining 8% of the total national production of P. vannamei and P. monodon are
processed for both the local and international markets. The processed shrimp VC has two
(2) sub-chains as well.
The VC map in Figure 38 portraits the flow in the chain for processed shrimps where traders
play an intermediary role between farmers and processors. In this case, processors do not
directly source their raw materials from farms but traders. Additional enablers are likewise
included, specifically those that have a crucial role in the processing segment.
Figure 39, on the other hand, shows the other sub-chain where the processors source their
raw materials directly from the farms. The role of the traders, both local and international
exporters, this time is in selling the processed products to the domestic and/or local market.

Figure 38. Value Chain Map for Processed Shrimp
(with traders in between farmers and processors)
SEG- FARM
INPUT PROVISION TRADING PROCESSING FINAL SALES
MENTS PRODUCTION
HATCHERY INPUTS The growing and harvest Engage in buying Processes shrimp Buying of frozen /
Engage in selling of hatchery inputs such as: of shrimp for sale. shrimps from farms and into frozen shrimp for processed shrimps
- Broodstock Involves the following selling of shrimp to domestic and export
- Artemia activities: processors markets
- Nauplii - Site Selection
FUNCTION
- Bloodworms or polychaete, shellfish (oysters) - Pond Preparation - Value Adding

- Tools / Equipment - Repair and Peeling
Maintenance Freezing
- Health and water Packing
FARM INPUTS
quality management Marketing
- Feeding
- PLs / Fry
- Harvesting
- Feeds
- Pribiotics
- Tools / Equipment
HATCHERY INPUTS - Shrimp growers - Suppliers of raw Traders Domestic and

Hatchery technicians - farm technicians materials Brokers international market
Suppliers of broodstock, artemia and nauplii 2 caretakers - Packaging companies Exporters
Feed and chemical companies 2 laborers - Power providers Workers
Agricultural supply stores
- Processor Plant
Electric companies
- Workers / staff
ACTORS
- Transportation services
FARM INPUTS companies
Electric companies
Agricultural supply
Hatchery operators
Gasoline sellers
HATCHERY AND FARM OPERATORS
HATCHERY AND FARM OPERATORS - EXPORTER (INTERGRATED)

ENABLERS
DA-BFAR, DENR. LGU, DTI-BOI, DTI DA-BFAR, LGU, DTI-BOI, DTI
NFRDI, SEAFDEC, POST-PCAARRD, PSA, ACADEME

Figure 39. Value Chain Map for Processed Shrimp
(sourced directly from farms)
SEG- FARM TRADING /

INPUT PROVISION PROCESSING FINAL SALES
MENTS PRODUCTION EXPORT
HATCHERY INPUTS The growing and harvest Processes shrimp Engage in buying and Buying of frozen /
Engage in selling of hatchery inputs such as: of shrimp for sale. into frozen shrimp for selling of shrimp for processed shrimps
- Broodstock Involves the following domestic and export domestic markets
- Artemia activities: market
- Nauplii - Site Selection - Value Adding
FUNCTION
- Bloodworms or polychaete, shellfish (oysters) - Pond Preparation

- Tools / Equipment - Repair and
Maintenance
- Health and water
FARM INPUTS
quality management
- Feeding
- PLs / Fry
- Harvesting
- Feeds
- Pribiotics
- Tools / Equipment
HATCHERY INPUTS Shrimp growers - Suppliers of raw Traders Domestic and

Hatchery technicians materials Brokers international market
Suppliers of broodstock, artemia and nauplii - Packaging companies Exporters
Feed and chemical companies - Power providers
Agricultural supply stores - Processor Plant
- Workers / staff
ACTORS
FARM INPUTS
Agricultural supply
Hatchery operators
HATCHERY AND FARM OPERATORS PROCESSOR AND EXPORTER
HATCHERY AND FARM OPERATORS - EXPORTER (INTERGRATEX)

ENABLERS
DA-BFAR, DENR. LGU, DTI-BOI, DTI-EMB
NFRDI, SEAFDEC, POST-PCAARRD, PSA, ACADEME

Commodity Map
a. Total
Shown in Figure 40 is the national commodity map for both P. monodon and P. vannamei
using 2020 data. Reflected in the commodity map are the combined production volume of
both species – the darker the color of a particular area, the bigger the production; white
spots mean no production recorded. The shrimp symbol signifies BFAR registered and/or
certified farms of both species covered in this study. A BFAR registered and/or certified
hatchery is indicated by the blue circular symbol. Chimneys represent processors which are
solely dedicated to shrimps and are likewise BFAR and EU approved. The truck represents
BFAR registered shrimp trader exporters but excludes those who are doing integrated roles
in the VC.
Investment opportunities for the private sector as well as necessary interventions by the
competent authorities can be seen from the commodity map at a glance. For instance,
it can be noted that there are areas where there is recorded significant production and
with registered farms but has no registered hatcheries or even no non-registered hatchery
nearby. This is particularly true for instance in Ilocos Norte of Region 1; Cagayan Province of
Region 2; Region IV-B including that of Oriental Mindoro and Palawan; Bicol and Camarines
Sur in Region V; the Samar Provinces in Region 8; as well as provinces in the Caraga and
Davao Regions. This could mean additional expenses are incurred during transport and
the quality of PL is sometimes compromised whenever there are delays in flights and other
logistics concerns.
Registered aquafeed manufacturers are mostly concentrated in the greater Luzon, a few in
the Visayas and only one in Mindanao. While local traders abound, most trader-exporters
are in the NCR and Region 3.
Details on the discussion of the number of players and the likes can be found in the Key
Players and Functions Sub-section in this report.

b. P. monodon
In Figure 41, it is apparent that some P. monodon producing provinces have no shrimp
symbol. This implies that shrimp farms in these areas are not yet registered and/or certified
by BFAR such as that of Cagayan Province, Panay Island, Surigao del Sur, Compostela
Valley and Davao del Sur.
c. P. vannamei
For the P. vannamei commodity map in Figure 42, what is striking is that there are BFAR
registered and certified farms that do not register any production such as that of Nueva
Vizcaya, Palawan, Albay, Northern Samar, and Zamboanga Sibugay.

Figure 40. National Commodity Map for Shrimp, P. monodon and P. vannamei, 2020
Source of basic data: PSA (for production data), BFAR-NSPP (for registered and/or accredited farms, nurseries,
hatcheries, processors and traders), BAI (for feed manufacturers).

Figure 41. National Commodity Map for P. monodon (Production, Farms, and Hatcheries), 2020
Source: BFAR-NSPP

Figure 42. National Commodity Map for P. vannamei (Production, Farms, and Hatcheries), 2020
Source: BFAR-NSPP

SWOT Analysis
Segment and Cross Cutting
The BFAR conducted a consultation with some of the major shrimp industry players on
9 February 2021 to facilitate the identification of the industry’s strengths, weaknesses,
opportunities and threats in each segment of the chain. This was followed by the sending of
an online survey questionnaire to further gather inputs from the stakeholders. The outputs
of these activities were further validated during the national validation activity on 21 June
2021. The validated outputs are shown in Table 24.
Table 24. Shrimp Industry SWOT Analysis by VC Segment

Constraints (Weaknesses & Threats) Opportunities (Including Strengths)
Input Provision:
Other regions that have a significant number of Hatcheries importing SPF Broodstock are compliant
grow-out farms don’t have hatcheries to are BFAR accreditation in most shrimp producing
• additional expenses are incurred during transport regions
• quality of PL is sometimes compromised
whenever there are logistical (i.e., flight) delays Availability of quality domesticated broodstock in
breeding facilities overseas
About 36% of total hatcheries are still not accredited A number of shrimp hatcheries were already
or registered with BFAR certified/registered
• due to difficulty in complying with minimum
biosecurity requirements Close coordination of hatchery operators and BFAR
in terms of registration activities
Limited availability of SPF broodstocks Availability of local researchers in the academe and
• Dependent to wild caught spawner with unknown Research Development Institutes or RDI who are
genetic lineage and performance and disease trained in the field of genomics/genetics. They can
history lead to limited supply of quality P. be tapped and asked for inputs, apart from being
monodon PL for grow-out production involved in future R&D projects so the country can
• Possible emergence of unknown shrimp diseases be self-reliant in terms of having quality broodstocks
through broodstock importation and seedstocks
• High cost of imported broodstocks and purchases
in the past should be in bulk to be prioritized by The steady and increasing supply of quality P.
supplier vannamei PLs (SPF) ensures an increasing volume of
• Only 1 accredited hatchery for monodon year-round farm produced shrimps, which is linear to
increasing export demand.

Inability to trace some importations not complying Existing regulations on disease screening of shrimp
to disease analysis requirement breeders
• Possible entry of pathogens like the Infectious
Myonecrosis Virus (IMNV) through illegal
importations of P. vannamei breeders
High and increasing cost of inputs: feeds and fish Farm inputs such as lime, molasses, sugar, etc. are
meals, power readily available in most shrimp production areas
Available R & D in nutrigenomics and other related

feed researches/studies
Difficult access to available credit windows for start- Availability of credit assistance and credit facilities
ups (shrimp aquaculture is capital intensive) by financing institutions (FIs), both government and
private
Lack of international flights from source to
destination (happened during the pandemic period
only)
Farming Production:
About 75% of total shrimp farms are still not Presence of active shrimp growers’ cooperative and
registered/accredited by BFAR due to failure association (e.g., NPPC & SARGEN)
to comply with minimum biosecurity and GAqP
requirements
• Threat to production due to failure to implement
biosecurity measures since these unregistered
farms cannot be regularly monitored
• unregistered/unaccredited farms can’t supply to
processing facilities
Occurrence of diseases (outbreaks and possible
emergence and reemergence thereof)

• List of diseases present in the country: WSSV, Close coordination of hatchery operators and BFAR
AHPND, IHHNV, YHN/GAV, Vibriosis, & EHP in terms of disease monitoring
• Possible emergence of known and unknown viral
and bacterial diseases Availability of BFAR Regional laboratories that
• Can be associated to inadequate biosecurity conducts shrimp disease analysis
measures at farms
• Limited capacity to implement good biosecurity Trained and competent BFAR laboratory personnel
measures and good management practices to perform disease analysis
among small and/or unregistered shrimp farmers
to keep pathogens/diseases away from their There are technologies developed already to
production systems. address disease occurrence in shrimps (use of
• No existing mechanism to monitor fry probiotics and immunostimulants, greenwater
performance once it moves to the grow out stage technology, biofloc system, diagnostic kits - Loop-
Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) kit for
WSSV, AHPND, etc.)
Some known shrimp diseases are not yet present in

the Philippines such as IMNV and Taura Syndrome
Virus and other emerging diseases
Available government support (e.g., technical
assistance, disease testing subsidy, laboratory
support on disease and water analysis)
Available R & D on shrimp diseases
Presence of regional research centers (SEAFDEC-

AQD, BFAR, NFRDI, UP-V, and other SUCs as well
other private HEIs)
Low adoption of GAqP and biosecurity for shrimp Available PNS on shrimp (culture management
resulting in low farm productivity practices well established)
• Slow to non-adoption of established available
grow-out technology Enhanced R & D on shrimp farming
• Industry is dominated by small scale farmers with
limited capacity to implement good bio-security Available, updated and advanced shrimp farming
measures and good management practices technologies developed locally and from overseas
to keep pathogens/diseases away from their (i.e., RAS)
production systems.
AQD, BFAR, NFRDI, University of the Philippines -
Visayas, and other SUCs as well other private HEIs)

Limited funding/capital amidst high production cost High selling price of shrimp, industry considered as
(including power/energy, feeds, medicines) good business
• Access to available credit windows is very difficult
Bureaucratic and slow processing of permits Active public – private collaboration and partnership
(i.e., business permits) discouraged farmers from
getting registered and accredited since these are
prerequisites.
Some observed limitations in the policy regulations RA 8550 indicates that upon expiration of existing
of the government (i.e., FLAs may be granted even FLAs, current lessees shall be given priority and
to those who don’t have the necessary financial be entitled to an extension of another 25 years.
capacity to develop shrimp farms) Thereafter, such FLAs shall be granted to any
Filipino citizen with preference, primarily to qualified
fisherfolk cooperatives/associations as well as small
and medium enterprises (SMEs).
Inclement weather conditions
The industry is dominated by small scale farmers
who are fragmented and unorganized.
Generally good coastal road networks and transport
infrastructures
Available technology in the culture and production
of freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii
Potential areas, about 3,119.8 hectares, for shrimp
farm expansion distributed across Regions VII
(34.39%), IV-B (25.97%), VIII (23.24%), Caraga
(12.43%), Region X (3.72%), and II (0.25%)
Processing:
Lack of linkage between growers and processors
Lack of technological advances in Processors who are experienced handling of head-

processing (existing facilities need upgrading) on shrimp
Limited and seasonality of raw material supply for Potential areas for shrimp farm expansion (see farm
processing production segment)
• High cost of raw materials due to limited supply
• Seasonality of the Operations (due to seasonality
of local shrimp production) hinders the optimum
efficiency for processing facilities
• Companies cannot retain workers who are already
trained
Capital intensive
• High cost of operation
• high energy cost

Trading/Exporting
Difficulty in meeting international standards Prospects are brighter for export of fresh shrimps
• compliance to HACCP is still not adequate in and value-added shrimp products
most plants
• Standards imposed by importing countries
becoming more stringent
Product traceability and quality assurance issues National Residue Monitoring Program in-placed
• Inadequate measures in monitoring of chemical (especially for EU)
residues
Highly competitive world market: Potentials for export remains robust:
• Inadequate volume to expand exports further • Government is enhancing efforts to market
• Limited marketing/ promotional efforts in the and promote Philippine fish products in the
global arena – failure to increase market share and international markets.
acquire new markets • Available export markets for P. monodon.
• Stringent standards imposed by importing countries • Positive perception from foreign buyers of the
• High prices in international markets are expected Philippines as a source of quality and clean shrimp
to encourage increased production in other • Shrimp prices are escalating to all-time highs
countries as well due to the significant drop in production of key
producing countries (e.g., Thailand, Vietnam, &
China)
Local traders/buyers dictate prices Value adding
Low price of small-sized shrimps There are institutional buyers, like food chains, for
• Growers are apprehensive to grow and harvest small-sized shrimps.
small-sized shrimps due to limited supply of PLs
and/or cost inefficiency in producing small sized
shrimps
Online selling and trading platform
Final Sale/ Distribution
Increasing market demands for shrimps
• With increasing world population, there is an
expected increase in the demand for shrimp
• Philippines can maximize this to keep or even
enhance its rank among the top shrimp producers
in the Asian region and in the world
Philippine shrimp product trademark not yet There is one existing Philippine shrimp brand –
popularized and known Philippines Naturally
High distribution and logistics cost
• Local freight cost is even higher than international
freight cost
• Bribery escalates further the already high
distribution and logistics cost
Source: Stakeholders Consultations, KIIs and FGDs

While Table 24 enumerated the constraints and opportunities in each segment of the shrimp
industry value chain, Table 25 shows the enabling environment concerns that are usually
cut across two or more segments in the shrimp VC. These mostly cover needs for extension
services such as access to funds given that the shrimp industry is capital intensive, regulation
such as registration and accreditation, manpower development, knowledge products (KPs),
data-basing, among others.
Table 25. Cross-cutting Concerns Affecting the Philippine Shrimp Industry

Applicable
Concern
Segment
Limited funding/capital of shrimp players amidst high cost of power/energy, Input Provision, Farm
feeds, medicines, technology upgrading, maintenance, etc. Production, & Processing
• Shrimp industry is capital intensive
• high start-up and operational cost for hatcheries, farms and processing plants
• Despite availability of credit assistance and credit facilities by financing
institutions (FIs), both government and private, still there is perceived
difficulty of access especially among start-ups
There are hatcheries and farms that are still not registered/accredited by BFAR Input provision & Farm
due to failure to comply with minimum biosecurity and GAqP requirements Production
Limited number of capable manpower/ technical expert Input provision, Farm
• Inadequate technical skills of farm and hatchery technicians Production, & Processing
• fisheries graduates are mostly generalists
Current lack of studies on science-based trainings of human resources
(working on farm) in advanced technologies
Shrimp product traceability issues: stringent certification requirement by Input provision, Farm
international buyer from inputs to final product Production, Processing,
& Marketing
Data inconsistencies and inaccuracy as well as limited knowledge products (KPs) Input provision, Farm
a) Inconsistent and inaccurate data on production and trade between and Production, Processing,
among PSA, BFAR and the private sector & Marketing
b) KPs on improve biosecurity measures, production efficiency, market access,
technologies, food safety, as well as local and international registration and
accreditation requirements are limited and not yet made widely available in
all possible forms

Applicable
Concern
Segment
Concerns on Laws and Regulations Input provision,
c) There are apprehensions that FLAs may be granted to holders who don’t Farm Production,
have technical and financial capacity to develop the area Processing, &
• RA 8550 indicates that upon expiration of existing FLAs, current lessees Marketing
shall be given priority and be entitled to an extension of another 25 years.
Thereafter, such FLAs shall be granted to any Filipino citizen with preference,
primarily to qualified fisherfolk cooperatives/associations as well as small and
medium enterprises (SMEs).
d) Bureaucratic obstacles to getting permits and tax credits (e.g., slow
processing, alleged bribes and red tape)
e) Arbitrary municipal zoning
• in many places, farms are encroached by residential and industrial
developments and later are in danger of being closed due to new zoning
ordinances
f) Coordination concerns among competent authorities (e.g., Da, DENR, LGU’s)
g) Perceived uneven enforcement of environmental laws
Organizational Development Concerns Input provision,
• The industry is dominated by small scale farmers who are fragmented and Farm Production,
unorganized. Processing, &
• No association of shrimp input providers, traders and processors Marketing
Threats from climate change, natural disasters and pandemics Input provision, Farm
Production, Processing
& Marketing
Source: Stakeholders’ Consultation
As earlier cited, the shrimp industry is capital intensive. This means high start-up and
operational cost for hatcheries, farms and processing plants. Technology upgrading also
requires substantial investment cost.
Many in the shrimp industry express concerns about laws and regulations. The slow
processing of permits and clearances (e.g., business permits) has been likewise identified
as a concern by players across all segments of the chain. There are also complaints of
bureaucratic obstacles in getting permits and tax credits. Lack of communication and
coordination has been reported to various agencies, particularly the DA and the Department
of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR). There is also perceived uneven enforcement
of environmental laws among different social classes.

In terms of local technical capacities, there has been a reported limited number of local
technical experts working on shrimp hatcheries and farms. Fisheries graduates nowadays
are becoming generalists.
Also, there has been a widely observed inconsistency of data on shrimp production between
and among the PSA, BFAR, and the private sector.
Knowledge products (KPs) on improving biosecurity measures, production efficiency,

market access, technologies, food safety, as well as local and international registration and
accreditation requirements are limited and not yet made widely available in all possible
forms.
Finally, threats from climate change, natural disasters and pandemics are likewise
imminent. For instance, the COVID-19 pandemic poses an additional challenge to all
players across the entire shrimp value chain as it limits the movement of people and
goods and degrades the consumer spending capacity of buyers especially during the
start of this pandemic.
Cost and Return

Price and Cost Structure
Table 26 shows the estimated cost distribution for the shrimp industry by segment of
the VC.
Table 26. Cost Distribution for the Shrimp VC by Segment

Estimated Cost
VC Segment Remarks
Range
Input provision • 37.54% for P. monodon Highest percentage share for the cost based on farmgate
• 38.90% for P. price of shrimp.
vannamei. Includes costs of PL, feeds, chemicals and supplements, as
well as equipment and machinery.

Estimated Cost
VC Segment Remarks
Range
Farm Production • 33.93% for P. monodon Next highest percentage share
• 26.80% for P. Includes pond preparation, pumping cost, aeration cost,
vannamei. water treatment, direct labor, and other costs.
• 3.52% for harvesting Harvesting is technically under the farm production
segment as indicated in the VC maps.
Trading • 5.39% Includes transport and labor costs.
Processing • ~10% Includes raw materials, labor, energy, logistics, and
packaging as well as repair and maintenance costs.
Final sale • ~12% Includes costs for distribution and logistics support.
Note: Estimated freight charges in the export market is
0.05% of the total cost per kilogram
Source: PNS for shrimp, KIIs
a. INCOME AND PROFITS
P. monodon Farming Income
Expenses for a one-hectare pond black tiger shrimp culture is estimated to be Php 2.2
million, the bulk of production expenditure is allotted to feeds (33.96%), energy (21.56%),
and labor (11.90%).
At 135 days of culture, P. monodon could reach an average body weight of 35 grams. A
one-hectare pond with a stocking density of 25 pcs/sqm at 85% survival rate production is
approximately 7,000 kgs. At an average selling price of PhP400.00/kg, the revenue for a
7-ton production per hectare is Php 2.8 million and an expected PhP573,400.00 profit per
cycle. Return of investment (ROI) is at 25.75% per hectare per cycle.
Table 27. Cost-Benefit Analysis for P. monodon Farming per Hectare

CBA for P. monodon
BENEFIT
Price 400/kg
Volume 7,000kg/ha
TOTAL REVENUE 2,800,000.00

CBA for P. monodon
Per Hectare Per kg Percentage
COST
Post Larvae (PL) 175,000.00 25.00 7.86%
Feeds 756,000.00 108.00 33.95%
Pumping 5,600.00 0.80 0.25%
Aeration 60,000.00 8.57 2.69%
Others (HDPE Liner) 160,000.00 22.86 7.19%
Energy 480,000.00 68.57 21.56%
Labor 265,000.00 37.86 11.90%
Chemicals/Supplements 220,000.00 31.43 9.88%
Other costs 105,000.00 15.00 4.72%
TOTAL COST 2,226,600.00 318.09 100.00%
NET RETURN 573,400.00 81.91
ROI 25.75 25.75
Source: Local shrimp farm stakeholder’s interview
P. vannamei Farming Income
The intensive P. vannamei culture expenses could reach PhP 3,240,800 per cycle. The
majority of the production cost is the feeds (42.80%) followed by energy cost for aeration
and pumping of seawater (20.98%) and then chemicals and supplements (10.49%).
At 110 days of culture, P. vannamei could reach an average body weight of 25grams. With
an 80 pcs/m2 stocking rate at an 85 percent survival rate, a hectare could produce up to
17,000 kilograms of shrimp per crop. At an average selling price of PhP 270.00/kg, the
expected total revenue is PhP 4,590.000.00 and PhP 1,574, 800.00 net profit. ROI is at
41.63%.
Table 28. Cost-Benefit Analysis for P. vannamei Intensive Farming per Hectare
CBA for P. vannamei
BENEFIT
Price 270/kg
Volume 17,000kg/ha
COST
Post Larvae (PL) 208,000.00 12.24 6.42%
Feeds 387,200.00 81.60 42.80%

CBA for P. vannamei
Pumping 5,600.00 0.33 0.17%
Aeration 60,000.00 3.53 1.85%
Energy 680,000.00 40.00 20.98%
Labor 295,000.00 17.35 9.10%
Other costs 105,000.00 6.18 3.24%
TOTAL COST 3,240,800.00 190.64 100.00%
NET RETURN 1,349,200.00 79.36
ROI 41.63 41.63
Based on Tables 27 and 28, it can be inferred that ROI of 41.63% is relatively higher
compared to P. monodon farming’s ROI of 25.75%. The former, though, is more capital
intensive (Php 3.2 million) compared to the latter (Php 2.2 million).
b. RELATIVE FINANCIAL POSITION OF PLAYERS
The computation of the relative financial position of players (RFP) is done to gauge if benefits
across the chain players have been distributed proportionately. Since frozen shrimp, which
is equivalent to 84% of the total volume of shrimp exported, is the most dominant product
form, this will be given focus.
P. monodon
Table 29. Relative Financial Position for Fresh P. monodon Shrimps Sold Domestically
Costs Revenue Profits Price/Margin

Value Chain Added % % %
Unit Unit Unit Unit
Player Unit Added Total Total
Cost Price Profit Margin
Cost Cost Profit Margin
Farmer/Grower 318.09 318.09 91.4% 400 81.91 62.1% 400 83.3%
Trader 415 15 4.3% 420 5 3.8% 20 4.2%
Retailer/
435 15 4.3% 480 45 34.1% 60 12.5%
Market Vendor
Total 348.09 131.91 480
Source of basic data: Local shrimp farm stakeholder’s interview

Figure 43. Relative Financial Position for fresh P. monodon shrimps sold domestically
Growers of P. monodon bore the greater share of the cost. While profits are also quite high
for farmers, it should be noted that one cycle will also take them 135 days compared to
traders and retailers where it will only take a very short period of time.
P. vannamei
Table 30. Relative Financial Position for Fresh P. vannamei Shrimps Sold Domestically

Value
Added % % %
Chain Unit Unit Unit Unit
Unit Added Total Total
Player Cost Price Profit Margin
Cost Cost Profit Margin
Farmer/
190.64 190.64 86.4% 270 79.36 61.3% 270 77.1%
Grower
Trader 285 15 6.8% 290 5 3.9% 20 5.7%
Retailer/
Market 305 15 6.8% 350 45 34.8% 60 17.1%
Vendor
Total 780.64 220.64 129.36 350

Figure 44. Relative Financial Position for fresh P. vannamei shrimps sold domestically
Retailers appear to benefit the most from P. vannamei. Also, it should be noted that farmers
require 110 days for a cycle.
Benchmark
Among the shrimp top producing countries in Southeast Asia where the Philippines can
learn from are Indonesia, Thailand, and Vietnam. There is also the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
(KSA) and India. A detailed discussion on this can be found in the VCA report. Meanwhile,
Table 31 shows the summarized competitive advantages of the said counties in terms of
the shrimp industry.

Table 31. Summary of Competitive Advantages in Shrimp Production among Key Producing Countries in Asia
Country Competitive Advantage

Better technology
High skilled laborers
Thailand23
Supporting businesses
Better quality international customers
Geographical Location
Surrounded by waters
Land Availability
has abundance of lands that are used as shrimp-breeding facility, to enable
suppliers to produce high volume of shrimp consistently all year round
Government Support
strong support from government through continuous infrastructure
Indonesia24
development, farm development, method improvement, financing and stable
policy has enabled shrimp business in Indonesia to stay strong and poised over
the years
Modern and innovative shrimp farming technology
many Indonesian millennial farmers are now very active in placing and
implementing new technologies in raising shrimp including that of the so-called
recirculating aquaculture system (RAS)
Geographical Location
Vietnam’s dense river systems and a long coastline of 3,260km is very convenient
for aquaculture exploitation and production (more than 600,000 ha of shrimp
farming)
Vietnam25
Processing Competitive
Around 200 shrimp processing plants in Vietnam are approved by the European
Commission with periodic inspections, making it easier to fulfil the supply chain
from production period to manufacturing and distribution.
Stocks Competitive
rapid increase in national production has been achieved after the introduction
and currently the only stocks cultured in the country, the of WSSV SPF + SPT
vannamei, and no other source has been approved by the government
KSA
Strong PPP
developed and implemented a joint Biosecurity Strategy and Plan for the control
of aquatic animal diseases as a response to the previous devastating effect of
WSSV epidemic
Cooperativism among smallholders
India Industry growth thereafter was driven by its independent but unified hatcheries
and small farms
23
https://www.tridge.com/guides/shrimp-prawn/TH
24
https://www.tridge.com/guides/shrimp-prawn/ID
25
https://www.tridge.com/guides/shrimp-prawn/VN

Competitiveness Analysis
Under the export trade scenario, the average freight on board (FOB) prices of frozen
shrimps at Manila would be USD 6.98 per kg less insurance and freight. At the exchange
rate of PhP52/USD 1, this would be about PhP362.96 per kg (Table 32). Subtracting the
estimated handling and transport costs as well as the exporter’s margin and cost, the
derived wholesale prices per kg of frozen shrimp was PhP350.00. The analysis indicated
that the Philippine shrimp was price competitive for export viz the domestic wholesale
price of PhP260.00 per kg.
Table 32. Price Competitiveness of Frozen Shrimp in the Philippines with Exports, 2019
P. vannamei, HL 20 gm/pc
Item
(PhP per kg)
Raw Materials Cost For Processing Shrimp 260
Labor 20
Power 12
Packaging 15
Others 20
Ex-Plant Price 327
Marketing and Export Margin 23
FOB Price in USD 6.98
2019 Average Exchange rate (PhP) 52
FOB Price 362.96
Source of basic data: Industry estimates & http://www.tradelinephilippines.dti.gov.ph
Competitiveness exists if the ratio of the derived wholesale price (or import parity price)
to the domestic wholesale price is greater than one. It should be noted also that export
products are always price competitive unless there are export quotas and taxes which favor
processing in the local market. Under a competitive regime, farm prices adjust to world
prices. However, at low productivity, farmers may not sustain production even if the product
is “competitive”.

MARKET TRENDS
& PROSPECTS
Key Demand Drivers

The major drivers of the industry are rising disposable incomes, increasing population,
increasing health consciousness, growing demand for convenient and ready-to-eat food,
rapid urbanization, changing lifestyles, and easy availability of the product particularly with
the increasing popularity of the e-Commerce platforms which includes order and delivery
of frozen and fresh seafood products, including shrimps. All of these factors are expected
to aid the market growth.
Shrimp has high nutritional value. It is a good source of protein, vitamins and minerals like
niacin, zinc, riboflavin, thiamine, pyridoxine, cobalamin, vitamin A, vitamin D vitamin E, iron,
calcium, sodium, phosphorous, zinc, magnesium, potassium and iodine. People who are
health conscious usually add shrimps to their diet due to the fact that those vitamins and
minerals can aid in maintaining a healthy immune system. It is also noted that shrimp has no
carbohydrates and is low in fat and calories. Zinc, which can be also found in shrimp, helps
increase the production of leptin, which is a regulator of fat storage, appetite and overall
energy use in the body. Shrimp has many health benefits. Among them are preventing
hair loss, maintaining healthy bones, improving memory performance, reducing menstrual
cramps, eliminating bad cholesterol, and reducing the risk of lung and prostate cancer. The
increasing awareness of health and wellness and fast paced life across the globe is driving
demand for seafood products to be consumed on a daily basis.
109
Demands on shrimp definitely depend on the preferences of the consumers. Most of
the consumers want value-added and ready-to-cook shrimp from online channels and
supermarkets. Being over-dependent on restaurants and fresh markets, live and chilled
shrimp significantly reduced. Processing and freezing for long-term storage and value
adding for local and export markets are needed. Further, the flourishing of Asian cuisine
worldwide increases the demand for shrimp consumption. A lot of people fancy eating
Asian delicacies like sushi and tempura nowadays. Moreover, organic food has become a
niche nowadays and has a potential market in the future.
With the global efficiency in supply chains, including the cold chains, availability of shrimp
products in various forms, whether in a frozen block, fresh, live or value-added, are traded
worldwide and can be available in various retail outlets, be it in wet markets or mall-based
supermarkets.
Market Prospects
1. Local
Referring to the discussion on local consumption in Section 2 of this Industry Roadmap, it

should be noted that local demand for shrimp is expected to continue to grow in the future
as it will still be part of the Filipino diet and as the local population is expected to continue
to grow. It is forecasted that given favorable circumstances, the country will continue to be
self-sufficient in shrimp.
For the past years, the local or domestic demand and consumption for shrimps have been
increasing, due primarily to the increasing purchasing power of the younger consumers,
particularly those in urban-metropolitan areas where most of the Information Technology
and Business Process Management (IT-BPM) centers or call centers are located, and mostly
employed younger age call center agents. Their employment in this sector seems to
guarantee a higher income and a higher purchasing value, which is notably translated to
their capacity to purchase or order higher value menus in mall-based restaurants or fast-
food chains which offer higher value seafood menus selection.

Another fast driver in the increasing growth of domestic seafood demand and consumption,
is the proliferation of the Philippine Off-shore Gaming Operations or POGOs which has
driven the mushrooming growth of Chinese restaurants all over Metro Manila and nearby
provinces like Cavite and Pampanga, where most POGOs are located, and where most
Chinese POGO workers are. The fast increase in the number of Chinese restaurants in these
areas seem to drive the increasing demand for high-value seafood products, including
shrimps.
The needed supply for these shrimp products for the domestic demand come from various
sources, foremost of which will be from the traditional wet markets and supermarkets,
but some of the supply comes from the consignacions (Hagonoy, Bulacan or Cavite), and
special seafood stalls like in Paranaque City (Dampa Seafood Restaurants), where most
POGO workers come in droves for their favorite seafood menus.
Supply even comes from Mindanao, where during pre-pandemic times, the shrimps in
fresh-chilled forms are shipped via commercial and cargo airlines. That is why during the
pandemic, where there is a limited commercial flight available, the supply of fresh-chilled
shrimps (P. vannamei) was stuck up in Mindanao, particularly in Sarangani Province or in
General Santos City, where prices in the locality dropped due to problems in transport.
The supply for the domestic demand and consumption is also beefed-up by supply coming
from the importation of both the frozen and fresh-chilled shrimp products, mainly supplied
to the fast-food chains and restaurants offering seafood menus.
International / Global
The Philippines used to be the number one supplier of black tiger prawns (P. monodon)
during the late 80’s and early 90’s, mainly to the Japanese market, as the Philippines
introduced the species to the global market. Japan’s demand for black tiger suddenly
slumped due to the death of the Japanese Emperor Hirohito in 1989 as the Japanese
religious belief dictates that in mourning with the death of the emperor, they should not
engage in ostentatious or luxurious practices, including the consumption of shrimps which
are considered expensive. With the slump in Japanese market demand, compounded
by the increasing cases and occurrence of shrimp diseases like the luminous bacteria, the

EMS - production of black tiger prawns slowly decreased in volume, and the introduction of
P. vannamei culture slowly started.
For the current Philippine exports of shrimps, the majority are in frozen form, followed by
the fresh-chilled form. The global trade market is likewise dominated by the frozen shrimp
forms, be it in block-frozen or IQF forms, and the sub-product forms might be headless,
head-on, veined, de-veined. For the fresh-chilled shrimps, most are exported in head-on
forms, and because of their quality, demand a more premium price compared to frozen
shrimp forms.
The Philippine exports of shrimps are classified under the Harmonized System of Commodity
Classification (HSCC) Code No. 030613 for frozen and Code No. 030623 for fresh-chilled.
At present, however, there is no segregation or classification as to the species, whether it
is P. monodon or P. vannamei. Nonetheless, PSA will be initiating export and import data
to include data segregation by major species traded. Tables 33 and 34 show the Philippine
exports of frozen and fresh-chilled shrimps and the top five (5) major market destinations,
respectively.
Table 33. Philippine Exports of Frozen Shrimps in Volume and Value Markets, 2018-2020
VALUE VOLUME
(in Thousand US Dollar) (in Metric Tons)
Importers 2018 2019 2020 2018 2019 2020
World
33,257 34,268 16,633 4,794 4,994 2,339
Japan
16,224 16,179 8,132 2,452 2,337 1,240
United States of
America 5,692 6,018 2,927 733 800 295
Korea, Republic of
3,658 4,086 2,388 495 496 294
France
2,109 2,326 1,635 219 240 168
Kuwait
1,417 854 320 287 662 152
Source: ITC calculations based on UN COMTRADE and ITC statistic

Table 34. Philippine Exports of Fresh-chilled Shrimps in Volume and Value Markets, 2018-2020
VALUE VOLUME
(in Thousand US Dollar) (in Metric Tons)
Importers 2018 2019 2020 2018 2019 2020
World 4,653 3,718 2,489 845 675 462
Japan 1,503 335 1,003 164 48 123
Hong Kong, China 1,016 670 416 328 241 149
United States of
168 477 403 24 78 79
America
United Arab
1,155 878 278 116 86 26
Emirates
Kuwait - - 109 7
Source: ITC calculations based on UN COMTRADE and ITC statistics
Japan remains to be the top export market where the Philippines can expand its export
supply to. Currently, the Philippines only supplies a meager 1% of Japan’s total shrimp
import requirement. As discussed in Section 3, Japan’s market is largely supplied by
Vietnam (24%), India (22%), Indonesia (18%), and Argentina (10%).
The shrimp processing industry is considered to be young viz a huge global market. While
demand in the international market will continue to grow, shrimp producing countries like
the Philippines will have to continue to shape-up to remain competitive. With an increasing
world population, there is an expected increase in the demand for shrimp. The Philippines
can maximize this to keep or even improve its rank among the key producers in the Asian
region and the world.
Compliance with the export market’s stringent requirements and standards including
traceability is key. Product traceability and quality assurance concerns are paramount
such that there has to be adequate measures in chemical residue monitoring to meet the
stringent standards of the buying market.
The highly technical requirements (i.e., color, shells, & sizes) specifications and requirements
of the international market will have to be passed on to the growers. While this may push
further reliance on internal farms to ensure quality, there may still be opportunities for small
farms to participate in the global VC if they are given the necessary enabling support to be
able to comply with the minimum standards set.

Filipino shrimp processors and exporters can retain or enhance their own market niches
depending on their respective efficiency, productivity, and capability. While international
transactions happen on a price points basis, exporting is a volume and efficiency game.
Another opportunity in the world market pertains to the presence of international buyers
who are looking into sources of clean and healthy environment raised shrimps. This can
be an opportunity for the Philippines to come up with a position to create a Philippine
“brand/impression” positioning in the global market. Thus, there’s a need to bring together
manufacturers and other players in the industry to bring the Philippines on the radar of
global buyers.

PRIORITY CONSTRAINTS
& OPPORTUNITIES
After a series of extensive online consultation, validation, and prioritization among the
national shrimp stakeholders, the order of priorities of the constraints and opportunities
affecting the Philippine shrimp industry is listed down in Table 35 below:
Table 35. Priority Ranking of Constraints/Opportunities Affecting the Philippine Shrimp Industry
Applicable Value
Rank Constraint/Opportunity
Chain Segment
1 Occurrence of diseases (outbreaks and possible emergence and
reemergence thereof)
• List of diseases present in the country: WSSV, AHPND, IHHNV,
YHN/GAV, Vibriosis, & EHP
• Possible emergence of known and unknown viral and bacterial
diseases
• Can be associated to inadequate biosecurity measures at farms Farm Production
• Limited capacity to implement good biosecurity measures and
good management practices among small and/or unregistered
shrimp farmers to keep pathogens/diseases away from their
production systems.
• No existing mechanism to monitor fry performance once it
moves to the grow out stage
2 Low adoption of GAqP and biosecurity for shrimp resulting in low
farm productivity
• Slow to non-adoption of established available grow-out
technology
Farm Production
• Industry is dominated by small scale farmers with limited
capacity to implement good biosecurity measures and good
management practices to keep pathogens/diseases away from
their production systems.
3 Limited funding/capital of shrimp players amidst high cost
of power/energy, feeds, medicines, technology upgrading,
maintenance, & etc.
All segments
• Shrimp industry is capital intensive
• high start-up and operational cost for hatcheries, farms and
processing plants
115
Applicable Value
Chain Segment
4 Concerns on laws and regulations and their implementation
• FLAs may be granted to holders who don’t have financial and
technical capacity to develop the area
• Bureaucratic obstacles to getting permits and tax credits (i.e.,
slow processing, alleged bribes, and red tape)
• Arbitrary municipal zoning
All segments
• in many places, farms are encroached by residential and
industrial developments and later are in danger of being closed
due to new zoning ordinances
• Coordination concerns among competent authorities (e.g., Da,
DENR, & LGUs)
• Perceived uneven enforcement of environmental laws
5 About 75% of total shrimp farms are still not registered/accredited
by BFAR due to failure to comply with minimum biosecurity and
GAqP requirements
• Threat to production due to failure to implement biosecurity
Farm Production
measures since these unregistered farms cannot be regularly
monitored
• Unregistered/unaccredited farms unable to supply to processing
facilities
6 Limited and seasonality of raw material supply for processing
• High cost of raw materials due to limited supply
• Seasonality of the Operations (due to seasonality of local shrimp
Processing
production) hinders the optimum efficiency for processing
facilities
• Companies cannot retain trained workers
7 Organizational development concerns:
• The industry is dominated by small scale farmers who are
fragmented and unorganized with limited capacity to implement
good biosecurity measures and good management practices to All segments
keep pathogens/diseases away from their production systems.
• No association each for shrimp input providers, traders, and
processors

Applicable Value
Chain Segment
8 Data inconsistencies and inaccuracy as well as limited knowledge
products (KPs)
• Inconsistent and inaccurate data on production and trade
between and among PSA, BFAR, and the private sector
All segments
• KPs on improve biosecurity measures, production efficiency,
market access, technologies, food safety, as well as local and
international registration and accreditation requirements are
limited and not yet made widely available in all possible forms
9 Product traceability and quality assurance issues Marketing/Trading –
• Inadequate measures in monitoring of chemical residues Exporting
10 Local buyers/traders dictate price
• Low price of small-sized shrimps
• Amidst presence of institutional buyers that buy small sized Marketing/Trading
shrimps, many growers are still apprehensive to grow and harvest
small-sized shrimps due to limited supply and high cost of PLs
11 Farm Production &
Lack of linkage between growers and processors
Processing
12 Limited number of capable manpower/ technical expert
• Inadequate technical skills of farm and hatchery technicians
Input Provision & Farm
• Fisheries graduates are mostly generalists
Production
• current lack of studies on science-based trainings of human
resources (working on farm) in advanced technologies
13 Other regions with a significant number of grow-out farms don’t
have hatcheries; Input Provision & Farm
• additional expenses incurred during transport Production
PL quality can be compromised due to logistic delays
14 About 36% of total hatcheries, including some small scale (P.
monodon) hatcheries, not yet registered with BFAR
Input Provision
• due to difficulty in complying with minimum biosecurity
requirements
15 Limited availability of SPF broodstocks
• Dependent to wild caught spawner with unknown genetic
lineage and performance and disease history lead to limited
supply of quality P. monodon PL for grow-out production
• Possible emergence of unknown shrimp diseases through Input Provision
broodstock importation
• High cost of imported broodstocks and purchases in the past
should be in bulk to be prioritized by supplier
• Only 1 accredited SPF hatchery for P. monodon
16 • Threats from climate change, natural disasters and pandemics All segments

Applicable Value
Chain Segment
17 Highly competitive world market
• Inadequate volume to expand exports further
• Limited marketing/ promotional efforts in the global arena –
failure to increase market share and acquire new markets
• Inadequate measures in monitoring of chemical residues
• Stringent standards imposed by importing countries while local Trading – Exporting
compliance to HACCP is still not adequate in most plants
• High prices in international markets are expected to encourage
increased production in other countries as well
• Philippine shrimp product trademark not yet popularized and
known
18 High distribution and logistics cost
• Local freight cost is even higher than internal freight cost Trading-Exporting /Final
• Bribery escalates further the already high distribution and Sale
logistics cost
19 Trading-Exporting /Final
• Opportunity: Increasing world market demands for clean shrimps
Sale

THE
SHRIMP INDUSTRY
ROADMAP
WAY FORWARD
119
TARGET SETTING
Vision
A sustainable and equitable shrimp industry recognized internationally for its high-quality
shrimp produced using a socially responsible and environmentally sound production
system.
Mission
Promote a cost-competitive, quality-driven, supply-reliable, and product-diversified shrimp
value industry under sustainable practices.
Goals, Objectives and Targets

There are three main goals for the Philippine shrimp industry set in this roadmap as reflected
in Figure 45. These goals are further translated into targets and corresponding indicators
in Table 36. Table 37 presents the details of the objectives and respective targets and
indicators and per segment of the VC in the short-term (2021-2025) coinciding with the
NAFMIP implementation of DA, medium-term (2026-2030) coincides with the SDG 2030
deadline of the United Nations, and long-term (2031-2040) coinciding with the AmBisyon
2040 of NEDA.
121
Figure 45. Philippine Shrimp Industry Goals
Given the common observation of the industry stakeholders that the PSA shrimp production
data is no longer accurate, the use of the historical AAGR as a basis for targeting, specifically
for Goal 1 on the steady and sustainable shrimp production, is strongly discouraged by the
private sector. They strongly recommended making use of their estimated actual harvest
data for 2020 instead as the basis to come up with a more realistic target.

Table 36. Goals, Targets, and Success Indicators for the Philippine Shrimp Industry, 2021-2040
• Sustained annual growth in production
P. monodon 26 At least 1,000 MT Annual production Short-term
At least 2,000 MT volume growth Medium-term
At least 5,000 MT Long-term
P. vannamei 27 At least 5,000 MT Annual production Short-term
At least 10,000 MT volume growth Medium-term
At least 20,000 MT Long-term
Goal 2: Globally Competitive Shrimp Export
• Sustained annual growth in exports
Fresh/chilled frozen 28 10% Annual export volume Short-term
15-20% growth Medium-term
20-25% Long-term
Capacitated and empowered 1 comprehensive Number of Short-term, medium-
shrimp industry stakeholders shrimp extension comprehensive term, & long-term
program extension programs
for shrimp
Effectively managed and 1 policy review/ Number of policy Short-term, medium-
supported shrimp industry advocacy related to review/advocacies term, & long-term
the shrimp industry initiatives related to
per year the shrimp industry
26
Based on recomputed production estimates using productive potential capacity since private stakeholders are of the view
that PSA data on production is not accurate; As discussed, and agreed upon by stakeholders during the 21 June 2021 online
national validation.
27
Based on recomputed production estimates using productive potential capacity since private stakeholders are of the
view that PSA data on production is not accurate; As discussed and agreed by stakeholders during the 21 June 2021 online
national validation and with advisory and approval by the RDT.
28
As suggested, discussed, and agreed upon by the private sector during the 21 June 2021 online national validation. With
the caveat that proper capacity of cold storage facilities will be put in place soonest.

124
Table 37. Goals, Objectives, and Targets for the Philippine Shrimp Industry, by VC Segment, 2021-2040
TARGETS
OPPORTUNITIES CONSTRAINTS KEY RESULT
ONE DA Short Term Medium Long Term SUCCESS
(Strengths and (Weaknesses AREAS
STRATEGY (2021- Term (2026- (2031- INDICATORS
Opportunities) and Threats) (KRAs)
2025) 2030) 2040)
Input Provision
• Hatcheries • Lack of • Quality and Farm mecha- 1 established 1 established 2 established Number of
importing broodstock hatcheries in affordability of nization and 1 rehabilitated 1 rehabilitated 1 hatcheries
are compliant to BFAR some regions with PLs ensured Infrastructure rehabilitated established and
accreditation in most significant number Investments rehabilitated
shrimp producing of grow-out farms
regions - additional
• Availability of good expenses during
quality domesticated transport
BUREAU OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC RESOURCES

broodstock in - quality of PLs
breeding facilities compromised
overseas due to logistic
problems
(e.g. delay or
cancellation of
flights)
About 64% of shrimp About 36% of • Registration 40% 60% 100% Percent of total
hatcheries already total hatcheries, and hatcheries
certified/registered including some registered
TARGETS
2025) 2030) 2040)
Close coordination small scale accreditation
of hatchery operators (P. monodon) of hatcheries
and BFAR in terms of hatcheries, not expanded
registration activities yet registered
with BFAR due
to difficulty
in complying
with minimum
biosecurity
requirements
Availability of local • Limited • Sustainable Technology 15% 30% 100% Percent increase
researchers in the availability of SPF supply of good and innova- in good quality
academe and RDIs broodstocks quality shrimp tion including 1 National 1 National 1 National PL supply
with training on - Dependent PLs ensured via: digital agri- Comprehen- Comprehen- Comprehen-
genomics/genetics. on wild caught - National culture sive Shrimp sive Shrimp sive Shrimp Number of
They can be tapped spawner with Comprehensive Genetic/Ge- Genetic/Ge- Genetic/ National
and asked for inputs, unknown Shrimp Breeding Farm mecha- no-mic Breed- no-mic Breed- Geno-mic Comprehensive
apart from being genetic lineage, Program nization and ing Program ing Program Breeding Pro- Shrimp Breeding
involved in future performance and utilizing infrastructure started tested and gram main- Program utilizing
R&D projects so disease history genetics/ investments commercial- tained genetics/
the country can be resulting in limited genomics ized geno-mics
self-reliant in terms supply of quality P. (as applicable
of having quality monodon PL to include P.
broodstocks and - Possible monodon, P.
seedstocks emergence of vannamei,

126
TARGETS
2025) 2030) 2040)
The steady and unknown shrimp Macrobrachium
increasing supply of diseases through rosenbergii,
quality P. vannamei broodstock P. indicus, & P.
fry (SPF) ensures an importation merguiensis)
increasing volume - High cost
of year-round farm of imported
produced shrimps, broodstocks; in the
which is linear to past, bulk purchase
increasing export required so as to
demand be prioritized by
suppliers

- Only 1 accredited
SPF hatchery for P.
monodon
Fisheries scholarships • Limited number • Local pool of Agriculture Note: Refer Note: Refer Note: Refer Note: Refer
offered by of local technical shrimp experts Career to enabling to enabling to enabling to enabling
government agencies experts working on developed System, segment for segment for segment for segment for the
and private sector/ shrimp hatcheries Education the target the target the target target (cross-
companies in selected (i.e., fisheries and Training (cross-cutting (cross-cutting (cross-cutting cutting concern)
universities graduates are Youth concern) concern) concern)
generalists) Engagement,
Shrimp Schools • Lack of facilities PAFES
and competent
faculty members
in some fisheries
schools
TARGETS
2025) 2030) 2040)
Farm inputs such • High production • Affordable Technology Note: Refer Note: Refer Note: Refer Note: Refer
as lime, molasses, cost specifically alternative feed and to enabling to enabling to enabling to enabling
sugar, etc. are readily feeds raw material Innovation segment for segment for segment for segment for the
available in most using locally including the target the target the target target (cross-
shrimp production available digital (cross-cutting (cross-cutting (cross-cutting cutting concern)
areas materials) agriculture concern) concern) concern)
developed and
made available
Farm Production
Close coordination • Occurrence of • Biosecurity Food Safety 18 (16 BFAR- 18 (16 BFAR- 18 (16 BFAR- Number
of hatchery operators diseases (outbreaks measures and and Regula- owned; 2 owned; 2 owned; 2 of regional
and BFAR in terms of and possible emer- epidemiological tions, private) private) private) laboratories
disease monitoring gence and reemer- surveillance Technology maintained and
gence thereof) system in place and Innova- operated
- Diseases pres-
Availability of BFAR to prevent, tion including
ent in the coun-
Regional laboratories control and digital agri- 1 1 1 Number of
try: White Spot
that conduct shrimp mitigate shrimp culture, collaborative
Syndrome Virus
disease analysis diseases Farm mecha- R&D program
(WSSV), Acute
strengthened nization and (can have several
Hepatopancreatic
Trained and Infrastructure projects within)
Necrosis Disease
competent BFAR (AHPND), Infec- Investments, on shrimp
laboratory personnel tious Hypodermal PAFES disease control
to perform disease Hematopoietic Ne- conducted
analysis crosis Disease

128
TARGETS
2025) 2030) 2040)
Available (IHHNV), & Yellow
technologies to Head Virus (YHV)/
address disease Gill Associated Dis-
occurrence in shrimps ease (GAV)
(use of probiotics and - Possible emer-
gence of known
immunostimulants,
and unknown viral
greenwater
and bacterial dis-
technology, biofloc
eases
system, & diagnostic
Can be associated
kits - Loop-
to inadequate bios-
Mediated Isothermal ecurity measures at

Amplification (LAMP) farms
kit for WSSV, AHPND, - Limited capac-
etc.) ity to implement
good biosecurity
No reported cases measures and
of IMNV and Taura good manage-
Syndrome Virus and ment practices
other emerging among small and/
diseases or unregistered
shrimp farmers to
Available government keep pathogens/
support (e.g., diseases away from
technical assistance, their production
disease testing systems.
TARGETS
2025) 2030) 2040)
subsidy, laboratory - No existing mech-
support on disease anism to monitor
and water analysis) fry performance
once it moves to
the grow out stage
Presence of active • About 75% of • Registration Food 30% 60% 100% Percent of
shrimp growers’ total shrimp farms and Safety and total farms
cooperative and still not registered/ accreditation of Regulations registered/
association in some accredited by BFAR grow-out farms accredited
areas like in Negros due to failure to expanded PAFES
comply with min-
and SOCSKSARGEN
imum biosecurity
and GAqP require-
ments
Threat to produc-
tion due to failure
to implement
biosecurity mea-
sures since these
unregistered farms
cannot be regularly
monitored
unregistered/un-
accredited farms
unable to supply to
for export

130
TARGETS
2025) 2030) 2040)
Presence of active • Industry domi- • Small shrimp Collective 30% 60% 100% Percent of total
shrimp growers’ nated by fragment- growers action/ small farmers
cooperative ed and unorga- empowered Cooperatives organized /
nized small-scale development clustered
farmers
Bayanihan
Agri Clusters
Available Philippine • Low adoption • Farm output Farm mecha- 2 3 1 Number
National Standard of GAqP and increased nization and of techno
(PNS) on shrimp biosecurity through Infrastructure demo farms
(culture management measures resulting adaption of investments, established,
practices well in low farm proven shrimp PAFES operated and
established)

productivity farming maintained
- Slow to non- technologies
Established available
adoption of and GAqP
grow-out technology
established
with efficient
biosecurity measures available grow-out
technology
Enhanced R & D on - Industry is
shrimps dominated by small
Available, updated scale farmers with
and advanced shrimp limited capacity
farming technologies to implement
developed locally and good biosecurity
from overseas (i.e., measures and
RAS)
TARGETS
2025) 2030) 2040)
Presence of regional good management
research centers practices to
(SEAFDEC-AQD, keep pathogens/
University of the diseases away from
Philippines - Visayas their production
or UPV, BFAR, and
systems.
other SUCs as well as
other private HEIs
RA 8550 indicates • Concerns • Policy support Ease of doing At least one At least one (1) At least one Number of
that upon expiration on laws and to the industry business and (1) every two every two years (1) every two policy review/
of existing FLAs, regulations via policy review transparent years Note: Cross- years advocacies
current lessees shall and their and advocacies procurement Note: Cross- referenced Note: Cross- initiatives
be given priority and implementation effectively referenced with enabling referenced related to the
be entitled to an - FLAs may be provided with enabling environment with enabling shrimp industry
extension of another granted to holders - amendment environment segment environment
25 years. Thereafter, who don’t have on guidelines segment segment
such FLAs shall financial and to include
be granted to any technical capacity evaluation and
Filipino citizen with to develop the area assessment of
preference, primarily farm operations
to qualified fisherfolk (whether
cooperatives/ production
associations as well improvement is
as small and medium applied)
enterprises (SMEs).

132
TARGETS
2025) 2030) 2040)
Fisheries scholarships • Limited number • Manpower Agriculture Note: Refer Note: Refer Note: Refer Note: Refer
offered by of local technical capability Career to enabling to enabling to enabling to enabling
government agencies experts working on enhanced System segment for segment for segment for segment for the
and private sector/ shrimp hatcheries through hands- the target the target the target target (cross-
companies in selected (i.e., fisheries on-training (cross-cutting (cross-cutting (cross-cutting cutting concern)
universities graduates are of shrimp concern) concern) concern)
generalists) technicians,
Shrimp Schools • Lack of facilities entrepreneurial
and competent training to
faculty members support start-
in some fisheries up business
schools and immersion

programs for
students.
Potential areas • Increased Bayanihan 30% 70% 100% Percent of
for shrimp farm utilization Agri Clusters potential farms
expansion, about of potential areas utilized
3,119.8 hectares in areas for farm
2020, distributed expansion 1 ABI 1 ABI 1 ABI
across Regions • Agri-Business Number of
VII (34.39%), IV-B Incubator (ABIs) ABIs in ABCs in
(25.97%), VIII (23.24%), in Agri-Business qualified FMAs
Caraga (12.43%), Corridors (ABCs)
Region X (3.72%), and in qualified
II (0.25%) Fisheries
Management
Areas (FMAs)
TARGETS
2025) 2030) 2040)
Available production • Lack of Available Diversifica- 1 technology 1 technology 1 technology Number of
technology for seedstocks for production tion tested (i.e., promoted promoted available
freshwater prawn, farming technology aquaponics) freshwater
Macrobrachium for freshwater prawn hatchery
rosenbergii • Difficult to prawn and grow-out
- Though fresh water compete with long maximized technology
prawn is not quite time producers to increase pilot tested and
attractive to the local in other countries further total commercialized
market compared (Thailand, Vietnam, national shrimp
to P. monodon and & etc) for export production Percent
P. vannamei, there is market when increase of
potential in the export production has shrimp farmers
market. been achieved producing fresh
water prawns

134
TARGETS
2025) 2030) 2040)
Threats from • Climate Climate Note: Refer Note: Refer Note: Refer No. of shrimp
climate change, resilience Resiliency to enabling to enabling to enabling production
natural disasters and disaster segment for segment for segment for technologies
and pandemics risk reduction the target the target the target with climate
management (cross-cutting (cross-cutting (cross-cutting resiliency
(DRRM) concern) concern) concern) and DRRM
mainstreamed developed and
in shrimp mainstreamed
production
technologies
• Mechanism No. of
that will address mechanisms

pandemics and in placed
other natural to address
disasters to pandemics and
respond to the natural disasters
need of the to respond to
industry in a the industry in a
timely manner in timely manner
placed
TARGETS
2025) 2030) 2040)
Goal 2: Globally Competitive Shrimp Products
Processing
Presence of Financing • High cost of • Linkage • Credit Note: Refer Note: Refer Note: Refer Note: Refer
Institutions (FIs), both operation /high to financial Support to enabling to enabling to enabling to enabling
private and public energy cost (capital institutions segment for segment for segment for segment for the
intensive) strengthened the target the target the target target (cross-
and widened (cross-cutting (cross-cutting (cross-cutting cutting concern)
concern) concern) concern)
Presence of active • Lack of linkage • Market • Post- At least 1 per At least 1 per At least 1 per Number of
shrimp growers’ of growers and linkaging harvest year year year growers linked
cooperative and processors strengthened Logistics and
association Marketing
Support
Processors with • Technical skills • Manpower Agriculture Note: Refer Note: Refer Note: Refer Note: Refer
experience in on processing capacity Career to enabling to enabling to enabling to enabling
handling of head-on wanting enhanced and System segment for segment for segment for segment for the
shrimp sustained the target the target the target target (cross-
(cross-cutting (cross-cutting (cross-cutting cutting concern)
Available PNS on concern) concern) concern)
processing

136
TARGETS
2025) 2030) 2040)
Potential areas • Limited and Raw materials Farm mecha- 1 post-harvest 1 post-harvest 1 post-harvest Number post-
for shrimp farm seasonality of raw requirement nization and facility/ cold facility/ cold facility/ cold harvest facility/
expansion material supply for sustained Infrastructure storage storage storage cold storage
processing investments established established/ established/ established/
- High cost of raw rehabilitated rehabilitated rehabilitated
materials due to
limited supply
- Hinders the
optimum efficiency
for processing
facilities

- Companies
cannot retain
trained workers
TARGETS
2025) 2030) 2040)
Trading /Final Sale
• Increasing market • Product • Shrimp Post-harvest, 1 1 1 Number of
demands for shrimps/ traceability and product Processing, accreditations
prawns quality assurance traceability Logistics and maintained
• Prospects are issues resulted in and quality Marketing
brighter for exports difficulty in meeting assurance Support 100% 100% 100% Percent of
(With increasing world international system registered
population, there is standards enhanced and Global shrimp farms
an expected increase - Inadequate strengthened Trade, Export monitored/
in the demand for measures in through conduct Development sample
shrimp. Philippines monitoring of of residue and 1 2 collected
can maximize this to chemical residues analysis Promotion
keep or even enhance (sub-contracting, Number
its rank among the limited equipment) Food of regional
key producers in the Safety and laboratories
Asian region) Regulations established
• Positive perception
from foreign buyers
as a source of clean
shrimp
• National residue
monitoring program
in-placed (especially
for EU)

138
TARGETS
2025) 2030) 2040)
• Available export
market for monodon
• Shrimp prices are
escalating to all-time
highs due to the
significant drop in
production of key
producing countries
(Thailand, Vietnam,
China)
Potentials for export • Highly • Global Post-harvest, 1 1 1 Number of
remains robust: competitive world representation Processing, Philippine

Government is market and increased Logistics and shrimp
enhancing efforts - Inadequate market share Marketing brand and/
to market and volume to expand through Support or trademark
promote Philippine exports further popularization/ Global developed and
fish products in the - Limited further Trade, Export marketed /
international markets. marketing/ development of Development popularized
- Available export promotional efforts Philippine brand and
market for monodon. in the global arena for shrimps Promotion
- Positive perception – failure to increase
from foreign buyers market share
of the Philippines as a and acquire new
source of quality and markets
clean shrimp - Stringent
TARGETS
2025) 2030) 2040)
- Shrimp prices are standards imposed
escalating to all-time by importing
highs due to the countries while
significant drop in local compliance to
production of key HACCP is still not
producing countries adequate in most
(Thailand, Vietnam, plants
China) - High prices
in international
markets are
expected to
encourage
increased
production in other
countries as well
There are institutional • Low price of • More value- Diversifica- At least 1 At least 1 At least 1 Number of
buyers, like food small-sized shrimps added shrimp tion training per training per training per value-adding
chains, for small-sized - Local traders/ products year year year trainings
shrimps buyers dictate developed and Farm mecha-
- Growers are prices made available nization and Number of
apprehensive to grow in the market Infrastructure adaptors
and harvest small- • PL sufficiency investments
sized shrimps due to Number of PLs
limited supply of PLs distributed
(with Health
Value adding Certificates
issued)

140
TARGETS
2025) 2030) 2040)
Enabling Environment
• Limited number • Local pool of Agriculture 1 1 1 Number of
of capable shrimp experts Career shrimp schools
manpower/ developed System, established
technical experts • Manpower Education
- Inadequate capacities and Training
technical skills of are enhanced Youth At least one At least one (1) At least one Number
farm and hatchery through hands- Engagement, (1) per year per year (1) per year of training
technicians on-training PAFES programs/
- fisheries of shrimp short course
graduates are technicians, developed and

mostly generalists entrepreneurial implemented
- current lack of training to
studies on science- support start-
based trainings of up business
human resources and immersion
(working on farm) programs for
in advanced students.
technologies
TARGETS
2025) 2030) 2040)
• Concerns on • Policy support Ease of 1 every two 1 every two 1 every two Number of
Laws and Regula- to the industry Doing years years years policy reviews
tions via policy review Business and and advocacies
a) There are appre- and advocacies Transparent initiated
hensions that FLAs effectively Procurement
may be granted to provided
holders who don’t • Processing of
have technical and business permits
financial capacity to streamlined and
develop the area simplified
b) Bureaucratic ob- • Apparent con-
stacles to getting flicting policies
permits and tax of DA-BFAR,
credits (i.e., slow DENR, and
processing, alleged DILG, in the ad-
bribes and red ministration of
tape) FLA harmonized
c) Local freight cost
is even higher than
internal freight cost
d) Arbitrary munici-
pal zoning
- in many places,
farms are en-
croached by

142
TARGETS
2025) 2030) 2040)
residential and
industrial develop-
ments and later are
in danger of being
closed due to new
zoning ordinances
e) Coordination
concerns among
competent authori-
ties (i.e., Da, DENR,
LGUs)

f) Perceived uneven
enforcement of en-
vironmental laws
TARGETS
2025) 2030) 2040)
• Limited funding/ • Linkage Credit 5 5 10 Number of
capital of shrimp to financial Support stakeholders
players amidst institution facilitated
high cost of facilitated
power/energy,
feeds, medicines, • Subsidies and Mechani- 5million per 10million 10million Number of
technology incentives to zation and year PLs PLs per year PLs per year farm inputs/
upgrading, qualified shrimp infrastructure distributed to distributed to distributed to implements
maintenance, etc. farmers and investments 100 farms 200 200 distributed
- Shrimp industry is players provided beneficiaries beneficiaries beneficiaries and number of
capital intensive beneficiaries
- high start-up and served
operational cost for
hatcheries, farms • R&D to lower Technology 1 1 1 Number of R&D
and processing the cost of and conducted
plants inputs such as Innovation
- Despite feed supported/ including
availability of credit funded digital
assistance and Agriculture
credit facilities
by financing
institutions (FIs),
both government
and private, still
there is perceived
difficulty of access
especially among
start-ups

144
TARGETS
2025) 2030) 2040)
• Data • National Technology 1 1 1 Number of
inconsistencies shrimp database and databases
and inaccuracy established Innovation established and
as well as limited • Knowledge including maintained
knowledge products digital
products (KPs) to aid in Agriculture
a) Inconsistent and capacitating and At least 1 per At least 1 per At least 1 per Number of
inaccurate data on empowering PAFES year year year knowledge
production and stakeholders products
trade between and developed, developed and
among PSA, BFAR packaged disseminated

and the private and made
sector accessible to all
b) KPs on improve stakeholders
biosecurity
measures,
production
efficiency,
market access,
technologies,
food safety, as
well as local and
international
registration and
accreditation
TARGETS
2025) 2030) 2040)
requirements are
limited and not
yet made widely
available in all
possible forms
Presence of active • Organizational • Venue for Collective 1 Shrimp 1 Shrimp 1 Shrimp Number of
shrimp growers’ Concerns collective action Congress Congress every Congress face-to-face or
associations in some - The industry is action among every two two years every two virtual Shrimp
areas like in Negros dominated by small all shrimp years years Congress
and SOCSKSARGEN scale farmers who players and supported per
are fragmented stakeholders year
and unorganized provided and
- No association sustained
each for shrimp
input providers,
traders and
processors

146
TARGETS
2025) 2030) 2040)
Technologies are • Threats from • Climate Climate Resil- At least 1 per At least 1 per At least 1 per Number
available (i.e., climate change, resilience iency year year year advocacy
greenhouse/’ígloo’ natural disasters and disaster activities to
type, early warning and pandemics risk reduction Farm Mod- encourage
devices) but adaption management ernization adaptation
is quite low since it’s (DRRM) of shrimp
expensive mainstreamed Technology production
- Shrimp farmers in shrimp and Innova- technologies
who have financial production tion including on climate and
capacities started to technologies digital Agri- DRRM proofing
adapt and adapted culture

• Mechanism
that will address Credit Sup-
pandemics and port
other natural No. of
disasters to At least 1 per At least 1 per At least 1 per mechanisms
respond to the year year year in placed
need of the to address
industry in a pandemics and
timely manner in natural disasters
placed to respond to
the industry in a
timely manner
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR
POLICIES, STRATEGIES,
AND PROGRAMS
147
148
Table 38. Priority Policies, Strategies & Programs (PSPs), Short-term to Long-term
Estimated Poten-
Implementing Of-
Physical Target Total Cost tial Fund
Constraint / Proposed One DA fice
(in Php ’000) Source
Opportunity PSPs Strategy
Short- Medi- Long-
Lead Support
term um-term term
Input Provision
Lack of hatch- Establishment Farm mecha- 1 established 1 estab- 2 estab- 75,000 GAA BFAR 4-B Public
eries in some of hatchery in nization and lished lished & BFAR- BFAR-CO,
regions with Oriental Min- Infrastructure 10 Private
significant num- doro and Mis- Investments Hatchery
ber of grow-out amis Oriental owners and
farms operators
1 rehabili- 1 rehabili- 1 rehabili- 5,000 GAA BFAR-5 Public

tated tated tated BFAR-CO
Rehabili- Private
tation of P. Hatchery
monodon owners and
hatchery in operators
Mercedes,
Camarines
Sur
Estimated Poten-
Implementing Of-
Short- Medi- Long-
Lead Support
term um-term term
About 36% of Expand reg- Farm mecha- 30% of total 60% of 100% of 6,000 GAA BFAR-ROs Public
total hatcheries, istration and nization and hatcheries total hatch- total hatch- BFAR-CO,
including some accreditation Infrastructure registered eries regis- eries regis- BFAR-PFOs,
small scale of hatcheries Investments tered tered LGUs,
(P. monodon) - review of ex- Private
hatcheries, not isting policies Hatchery
yet registered and guidelines owners, and
with BFAR due on registration operators
to difficulty in to make it
complying with more man-
minimum bios- ageable for
ecurity require- hatcheries to
ments register (i.e.,
ladderized
system)
- registration
process to be
coupled with
biosecurity
education es-
pecially for
small holders/
players, rather
than being
imposed as
a complete
package re-
quirement

150
Estimated Poten-
Implementing Of-
Short- Medi- Long-
Lead Support
term um-term term
Limited avail- National Com- Technology 1 National 1 National 1 National 715,000 GAA BFAR-CO, Public
ability of SPF prehensive and Innova- Comprehen- Compre- Compre- SEAF- BFAR-ROs, DA-
broodstocks Shrimp Breeding tion includ- sive Shrimp hensive hensive DEC-AQD BAR, DA-Bio-
Small scale Program utilizing ing digital Genetic/Ge- Shrimp Shrimp tech, NIFTDC,
farmers and genetics/genom- Agriculture, nomic Breed- Genetic/ Genetic/ DOST-PCAAR-
hatchery oper- ics (to include Farm mecha- ing Program Genomic Genomic RD, UPV and
ators have no P. monodon, nization and started/de- Breeding Breeding other SUCs,
direct access to P. vannamei, Infrastructure veloped Program Program NFRDI
SPF broodstock Macrobrachium Investments tested maintained Private
because they rosenbergii, & Hatchery
cannot afford etc. as applica- experts,

the cost of im- ble) PHILSHRIMP,
portation includes es- SARGEN, NPPC,
tablishment & BFAR-accredit-
of Broodstock ed hatcheries
quarantine
center, Nucleus
Breeding Center,
and Broodstock
Multiplication
Center
Includes field
trials, sampling,
and massive
promotion for
adaptation into
commercial scale
Estimated Poten-
Implementing Of-
Short- Medi- Long-
Lead Support
term um-term term
Continuous
breeding of pri-
vate hatcheries
Strengthen
partnership on
a possible joint
business model
with private
sector to gain
access to SPF
broodstock
facilities can be
institutionalized
to sell quality
nauplii to small
players
Biosecurity com-
pliance can be
dangled as the
hatchery opera-
tors’ counterpart
to gain access
to good quality
stocks

Estimated Poten-
Implementing Of-
Short- Medi- Long-
Lead Support
term um-term term
High production Strengthen Technology 1 R&D 1 R&D 1 R&D 76,000 GAA DOST-PCAAR- Public
cost specifically R&D particu- and Innova- RD & NFRDI SUCs (UPV,
feeds larly on alter- tion includ- UPD, WPU,
native feed ing digital &etc.), BFAR
formulation Agriculture National
Centers
Apply novel Private
technologies Private
(e.g., nutrig- Higher
enomics) in Education
shrimp feed Institutions
development (HEIs),
SEAFDEC
-AQD, &
Feed manu-
facturers
Estimated Poten-
Implementing Of-
Short- Medi- Long-
Lead Support
term um-term term
Sub-total Investment Requirement 877,000
Farm Production
Occurrence Continue en- Food Safety 18 (16 BFAR- 18 (16 18 (16 75,000 GAA BFAR-CO, Public
of diseases hancement/ and Regula- owned; 2 BFAR- BFAR- BFAR-ROs PFOs &
(outbreaks operation of tions, private) owned; 2 owned; 2 LGUs
and possible existing BFAR Technology private) private)
emergence and regional labo- and Innova- Private
reemergence ratories tion includ- NPPC, SEA-
thereof) ing digital FDEC-AQD,
Conduct dis- Agriculture, NACA, &
ease investi- Farm mecha- OIE
gation if there nization and
is disease Infrastructure
outbreak oc- Investments,
currence &
PAFES
IEC among
growers on
importance of
compliance
to minimum
biosecurity
standards

154
Estimated Poten-
Implementing Of-
Short- Medi- Long-
Lead Support
term um-term term
Continue R&D 1 detection 1 detection 1 detection 40,000 GAA DOST-PCAAR- Public
on disease kit devel- kit devel- kit devel- RD SUCs (UPV,
detection and oped oped oped UPD, WPU,
control & etc.),
Private
Private
HEIs, SEAF-
DEC-AQD,
shrimp
hatchery
operators,

& shrimp
growers
Estimated Poten-
Implementing Of-
Short- Medi- Long-
Lead Support
term um-term term
About 75% of Expansion Farm mecha- 30% of total 60% of 100% of 6,000 GAA BFAR-ROs Public
total shrimp of grow-out nization and small farmers total small total small BFAR-CO,
farms are still farm’s regis- Infrastructure registered/ farmers farmers BFAR-PFOs,
not registered/ tration and Investments accredited registered/ registered/ LGUs,
accredited accreditation accredited accredited Private
by BFAR due - Complete Farm op-
to failure to inventory of erators, &
comply with shrimp farms Third-Party
minimum biose- - review of Certifiers
curity and GAqP existing
requirements policies and
guidelines on
registration to
make it more
manageable
for growers to
register (i.e.,
ladderized
system)
- Encourage
more shrimp
farmers to reg-
ister thru info
drive (registra-
tion process

156
Estimated Poten-
Implementing Of-
Short- Medi- Long-
Lead Support
term um-term term
to be coupled
with biosecu-
rity education
especially for
small holders/
players, rather
than being
imposed as
a complete
package re-
quirement)

- Intensify
third Party
Certification:
Capacitate on
BAP and other
certifications
(BFAR to assist
for accredi-
tation to EU
markets)
Estimated Poten-
Implementing Of-
Short- Medi- Long-
Lead Support
term um-term term
Low adoption Establishment Farm mecha- 2 techno 3 techno 1 techno 60,000 GAA BFAR-CO, Private
of GAqP and and operation nization and demo farms demo demo farm BFAR-ROs Shrimp
biosecurity of techno-de- Infrastructure established, farms es- estab- (3, 6, 7, 9, Farm Oper-
measures result- mo farms that investments, operated tablished, lished, op- & Caraga) ators
ing in low farm will showcase Climate Re- and main- operated erated and
productivity GAqP for siliency tained and main- maintained
shrimp as well tained
as newly de-
veloped and
proven tech-
nologies (in-
cluding those
that main-
stream climate
resiliency and
DRRM) in
shrimp farm-
ing, i.e., RAS
IEC for farmers

on the impor-
tance of GAqP
compliance
Farm visits

158
Estimated Poten-
Implementing Of-
Short- Medi- Long-
Lead Support
term um-term term
Industry is Promotion/ Collective 30% of total 60% of 100% of 5,000 GAA BFAR-CO BFAR-ROs
dominated by Facilitation action/ Co- small farmers total small total small
fragmented and of clustering/ operatives organized/ farmers farmers
unorganized federation of development clustered organized/ organized/
small-scale small farmers clustered clustered
farmers and coopera-
tives
Available po- Putting up of Bayanihan 1 ABI put-up 1 ABI put- 1 ABI put- 240,000 GAA, ODA BFAR-CO, Public
tential areas for Agri-Business Agri Clusters up up DTI DOT, BFAR-
shrimp farm ex- Incubator ROs, PLGUs,
pansion, about (ABIs) in PFOs, PEZA,

3,119.8 hectares Agri-Business BOI, & GFIs
in 2020, dis- Corridors Private
tributed across (ABCs) in qual- Private Sec-
Regions VII ified Fisheries tor potential
(34.39%), IV-B Management 70% of po- 100% of investors,
(25.97%), VIII Areas (FMAs) tential area potential FIs
(23.24%), Cara- maximized area maxi-
ga (12.43%), Re- Increase uti- 30% of po- mized
gion X (3.72%), lization of tential area
and II (0.25%) potential areas maximized
for farm ex-
pansion
Estimated Poten-
Implementing Of-
Short- Medi- Long-
Lead Support
term um-term term
Available Promotion Diversifica- 1 production 1 pro- 50% in- 8,000 GAA BFAR-CO Public
production of freshwater tion technology duction crease BFAR Cen-
technology prawn produc- demonstrat- technology in the ters
for freshwater tion technol- ed adapted freshwater
prawn, Macro- ogy and popu- prawn pro- Private
brachium rosen- - technology larized duction Prawn
bergii though demonstration growers &
encountered using aqua- 20% in- traders
difficulty in ponics crease
competing with - crop rotation, in the
long time pro- polyculture freshwater
ducers in other prawn pro-
countries (Thai- International duction
land, Vietnam, market scop-
etc) for export ing
market when
production has
been achieved

160
Estimated Poten-
Implementing Of-
Short- Medi- Long-
Lead Support
term um-term term
Goal 2: Globally Competitive Shrimp Products
Processing
Lack of linkage Market link- Post-harvest At least At least At least 30,000 GAA DTI, Public
of growers and aging Logistics and 1 grower 1 grower 1 grower BFAR-ROs PFOs, LGUs,
processors - business Marketing linked per linked per linked per DA-AMAD
matching ac- Support year year year Private
tivities Processors,
Farm Own-
ers & Oper-
ators

Estimated Poten-
Implementing Of-
Short- Medi- Long-
Lead Support
term um-term term
Limited and Establishment Post-Harvest 1 post-har- 2 post-har- 2 post-har- 600,000 GAA, PFDA Public
seasonality of of cold stor- Logistics and vest facility/ vest facil- vest facil- ODA, PPP BFAR, DTI,
raw material age facility marketing cold storage ity/ cold ity/ cold DA
supply for pro- with 15,000- Support established storage es- storage es- Private
cessing 20,000 MT tablished tablished Shrimp
capacity in processors,
shrimp pro- growers, &
ducing regions traders
such as Cen-
tral Luzon,
NCR, Central
Visayas, and
SOCCSKSAR-
GEN
Rehabilitation
and utilization
of existing
cold storage
and post-har-
vest facilities

162
Estimated Poten-
Implementing Of-
Short- Medi- Long-
Lead Support
term um-term term
Some process- Upgrading of Post-harvest 1 processing 1 process- 1 process- 150,000 FIs Private Public
ing plants are existing pro- Logistics and plant up- ing plant ing plant Sector GFIs
outdated and cessing plants Marketing grading upgrading upgrading
ceased to op- Support Private
erate FIs & Pro-
cessors
Trading/Final Sale
Product trace- Enhancement Post-Harvest 100% of 100% of 100% of 75,000 GAA BFAR-CO Public
ability and qual- of the Nation- Logistics and registered registered registered UPV &
ity assurance al Residue Marketing shrimp farms shrimp shrimp DOST-PCAARRD

issues Laboratories Support monitored/ farms farms Private
nationwide samples col- monitored/ monitored/ Private labora-
lected samples samples tories
Maintenance collected collected
of accredita-
tion of private Acquire 1 LC- 2 addition-
laboratories MS/MS and Establish 1 al residue
Inclusion of accessories/ laboratory labora-
more banned set up for in a region- tories in
and regulated confirmatory al office regional
substances to testing of offices
the list of cov- residues
ered analysis
Estimated Poten-
Implementing Of-
Short- Medi- Long-
Lead Support
term um-term term
Expansion
of scope of
accreditation
to cover other
substances;
Highly com- Massive pro- Post-Harvest 1 Philippine 1 Philippine 1 Philippine 8,000 GAA DTI-EMB, Public
petitive world motion of the Logistics and trademark trademark trademark DTI-BOI BFAR & DA-
market Philippine marketing developed aggressive- aggressive- AMAD
shrimp trade- Support ly promot- ly promot- Private
mark ed ed Processors
Global Trade, and traders
Encourage Export De-
processing velopment
plants to be and Promo-
HACCP com- tion
pliant to gain
access in the
export market
via information
drive
Third Party
Certifications

164
Estimated Poten-
Implementing Of-
Short- Medi- Long-
Lead Support
term um-term term
Compliance
to PNS for the
processing of
shrimps and
prawns
International
market bench-
marking
Continuous

Market intelli-
gence
National
Shrimp Mar-
keting Plan
Estimated Poten-
Implementing Of-
Short- Medi- Long-
Lead Support
term um-term term
Local traders/ Promotion and 2,000 GAA BFAR, Public
buyers dictate Training on DOST LGU, PFOs,
prices especially Value adding & BFAR-
on small-sized ROs,
shrimps Pooling and Private
consolidation mSME pro-
Opportunity: of harvest cessors
There are insti- 40,000
tutional buyers, Fry sufficiency BFAR-CO, Public
like food chains, Program BFAR-ROs LGUs &
for small-sized Expand op- PFOS
shrimps. erations of Private
Growers are private and Hatchery
apprehensive to government operators
grow and har- hatcheries
vest small-sized Popularize
shrimps due to larval rearing
limited supply facilities
and high prices Promote su-
of PLs per intensive
shrimp farm-
ing

166
Estimated Poten-
Implementing Of-
Short- Medi- Long-
Lead Support
term um-term term
Shrimp indus- Facilitate ac- Credit Sup- 5 stakehold- 5 stake- 10 stake- 63,000 GAA, BFAR- Public
try is capital cess to finan- port/ ers facilitated holders holders ACPC, ROs. DA, BFAR,
intensive (high cial institutions facilitated facilitated ODA PFOs ACPC,
operational Soft loans ODA, DTI,
cost, high cost Low interest DOST, LBP,
for technology loans DBP, &other
upgrading and GFIs
for start-up Advocate Private

for hatcheries, for inves- Private
farms and pro- tor-friendly Financing
cessing plants loan/financing Institutions
requirements
and processes
Estimated Poten-
Implementing Of-
Short- Medi- Long-
Lead Support
term um-term term
Formulate / Technology 1 policy for- 1 policy 1 policy for- 1,500 GAA BFAR-CO, Public
review/advo- and Innova- mulated/ formulat- mulated/ BOI BFAR-ROs,
cate for tax tion includ- Reviewed ed/ reviewed BOI, & LGUs
holidays and ing digital reviewed
incentives for Agriculture
equipment
and machin-
eries
Registration to
BOI for invest-
ment/ exports
for possible Climate
incentives (tax Change Ad- 1 mechanism 1 mecha- 1 mecha- 500 BFAR-CO BFAR-ROs,
holiday for aptation and developed nism devel- nism devel- & LGUs
start-up) Mitigation oped oped
Measures
Provide mech-
anism that will
address pan-
demics and
other natural
disasters to
respond to the
need of the
industry in a
timely manner

168
Estimated Poten-
Implementing Of-
Short- Medi- Long-
Lead Support
term um-term term
Provision of Mechani- 5million per 10million 10million 10,000 GAA BFAR-ROs Public
incentives in zation and year PLs dis- PLs per PLs per BFAR-CO
a form of PLs infrastructure tributed, year dis- year dis- Private
and other farm investments 100 farms tributed, tributed, Shrimp
input to quali- beneficiaries 200 bene- 200 bene- growers,
fied farmers ficiaries ficiaries hatchery
operators,
ancillary
industries
players
R&D Program Technology 1 R&D Pro- 1 R&D Pro- 1 R&D Pro- Same as Same as

on the use of and Innova- gram Con- gram Con- gram Con- identified identified
alternative raw tion includ- ducted ducted ducted under In- under Input
material for ing digital put provi- provision
shrimp feeds Agriculture sion
Apply novel
technologies
(e.g., nutrig-
enomics) in
shrimp feed
development
(same as iden-
tified under
Farming)
Estimated Poten-
Implementing Of-
Short- Medi- Long-
Lead Support
term um-term term
Concerns on Laws Formulate/ re- Ease of Do- 1 policy 1 policy 1 policy 5,000 GAA BFAR-CO Public
and Regulations view policy re- ing Business reviewed/ reviewed/ reviewed/ BFAR-ROs,
a) There are appre- lated to shrimp and Trans- formulated formulated formulated LGUs
hensions that FLAs industry parent Pro- every two every two every two Private
may be granted to - rationaliza- curement years years years All concern
holders who don’t tion of FLA private
have technical and tenurial rights sector in
financial capacity to (i.e, include in the shrimp
develop the area the guidelines industry
b) Bureaucratic ob- the need to
stacles to getting evaluate and
permits and tax assess farm
credits (i.e., slow operations
processing, alleged if indeed
bribes and red tape production
specially against improvement
small farmers) measures are
c) High local and applied)
international freight
cost Advocacy for
d) Arbitrary munici- the creation
pal zoning of the Depart-
- in many places, ment of Fisher-
farms are en- ies combined
croached by with sufficient

170
Estimated Poten-
Implementing Of-
Short- Medi- Long-
Lead Support
term um-term term
residential and budgetary sup-
industrial develop- port to finance
ments and later are the identified
in danger of being PSPs in this
closed due to new Roadmap
zoning ordinances
e) Coordination Harmonization
concerns among of apparent
competent authori- conflicting
ties (i.e., Da, DENR, policies of DA-
LGUs) BFAR, DENR,

f) Perceived uneven and DILG, in
enforcement of en- the administra-
vironmental laws tion of FLA
Estimated Poten-
Implementing Of-
Short- Medi- Long-
Lead Support
term um-term term
Slow processing Streamlining Ease of Do- 1 per year 1 per year 1 per year 5,000 GAA LGU, DTI, Public
of permits (e.g., on process ing Business DENR DA, BFAR
business per- in securing and Trans- Private
mits) permits and parent Pro- All concern
licenses curement private
sector in
Creation of the shrimp
regulatory re- industry
lief council to
ease issuance
of permits
Streamlining
of ECC re-
quirements for
aquaculture
and process-
ing facilities
Implement
ease of doing
business (in-
clude policy
amendments/
advocacy in
Congress)

172
Estimated Poten-
Implementing Of-
Short- Medi- Long-
Lead Support
term um-term term
Limited number National Shrimp Agriculture 1 number of 1 number 1 number 100,000 GAA BFAR-CO, Public
of local technical Extension Pro- Career System shrimp school of shrimp of shrimp ATI BFAR-ROs,
experts working gram established school es- school es- LGUs, PFOs,
on shrimp hatch- Establishment Education and tablished tablished & SUCs
eries (i.e., fisher- of Shrimp Training 1 number of
School in Luzon,
ies graduates are training pro- 1 number 1 number Private
Visayas, and
generalists Youth Engage- grams/short of training of training HEIs & All
Mindanao
ment course devel- programs/ programs/ concern pri-
Develop/en-
oped and im- short course short course vate sector
hance/promote/
implement PAFES plemented developed developed in the shrimp
shrimp training and imple- and imple- industry
mented mented

program
Hands-on-train-
ing of shrimp
technicians,
entrepreneurial
training to sup-
port start-up
business
Immersion
programs/
On-the-Job
Training (OJT)
for fisheries and
related scienc-
es students in
intensive farms
and hatcheries
Estimated Poten-
Implementing Of-
Short- Medi- Long-
Lead Support
term um-term term
Operation Operation Operation 20,000 GAA BFAR-8 BFAR-CO
of Shrimp of Shrimp of Shrimp
School in School School
BFAR-JAPTC, in BFAR- in BFAR-
Jiabong, Sa- JAPTC, JAPTC,
mar Jiabong, Jiabong,
Samar Samar
- On-Line Strategic Regular con- Regular Regular 1,500 GAA BFAR-CO BFAR-ROs
Training on communi- duct every conduct conduct Private
Fundamentals cation, In- year every year every year Shrimp
of Shrimp formation & farmers,
Aquaculture Education hatchery
“HIPonLINE” operators,
traders, and
processors

174
Estimated Poten-
Implementing Of-
Short- Medi- Long-
Lead Support
term um-term term
Data incon- a) Establish- Strategic 1 database 1 database 1 database 40,000 GAA BFAR-CO Public
sistencies and ment and communi- established established established BFAR ROs,
inaccuracy as maintenance cation, In- and main- and main- and main- PSA, LGUs
well as limited of a National formation & tained tained tained Private
knowledge shrimp data- Education Shrimp
products (KPs) base farmers,
a) Inconsistent - with stan- hatchery
and inaccurate dardized data operators,
data on produc- collection traders, and
tion and trade manual processors
between and - continuous

among PSA, dialogue with
BFAR and the PSA on the
private sector enhancement
b) KPs on im- of their data
prove biosecu- gathering
rity measures, and reporting
production methodology
efficiency,
market access,
technologies,
food safety, as
well as local and
international
registration and
Estimated Poten-
Implementing Of-
Short- Medi- Long-
Lead Support
term um-term term
accreditation re- KP develop- Strategic Regular con- Regular Regular 20,000 GAA BFAR-CO, Public
quirements are ment, pack- communi- duct every conduct conduct BFAR-ROs PFOs, LGUs
limited and not aging and dis- cation, In- year every year every year Private
yet made widely semination formation & Shrimp
available in all - standardized Education farmers,
possible forms and layman- hatchery
ized via a cen- operators,
tral clearing traders, and
house as nec- processors
essary
- to be made
available in
formats apt to
the accessibil-
ity context of
stakeholders.

176
Estimated Poten-
Implementing Of-
Short- Medi- Long-
Lead Support
term um-term term
Organizational Provide venue, Strategic 1 Shrimp 1 Shrimp 1 Shrimp 20,000 GAA BFAR-CO Public
Concerns whether virtual communi- Congress ev- Congress Congress BFAR-RO &
The industry is or face to face, cation, In- ery two years every two every two LGUs
dominated by for collective formation & years years Private
fragmented and action among Education Shrimp
unorganized all shrimp farmers,
small-scale players and hatchery
farmers stakeholders operators,
No association Biennial traders, pro-
each for shrimp Shrimp Con- cessors, and
input providers, gress other ancil-

traders, and - Webinar lary industry
processors on Business players
Opportunities
“Shrimp it Up”

GRAND TOTAL INVESTMENT REQUIREMENT 2,502,500
Summarized in Table 39 are the total investment requirements for the entire 20-year duration
of this industry roadmap amounting to about PhP 2.50 billion and broken down according
to the needs per VC segment (Figure 46). It should be noted that most of the requirements
are in the input provision segment (35.04%) largely because of the proposed development
and implementation of a National Comprehensive Shrimp Breeding Program which hopes
to make use of genetics/genomics to ensure a steady supply of quality PLs for the industry.
The second bigger chunk goes to processing (31.17%) owing to the critical need for cold
storage facilities as seasonality of production has become its biggest constraint as well as for
the upgrading of processing plants. Farm production comes third (17.34%) where required
investments are focused on farm mechanization and infrastructure investments, food safety
and regulation, and collective action/ cooperatives development. The enabling environment
comes fourth (11.45%) for credit support, technology, and innovation including digital
agriculture, strategic communication, ease of doing business and transparent procurement,
and agriculture career system. Investment requirements for trading and marketing take the
remaining 5.00%.
Table 39. Summary of Investment Requirement of Short to Long Term

Segment Investment Requirements (in Php ‘000) Percent Share
Input Provision 877,000 35.04%
Farm Production 434,000 17.34%
Processing 780,000 31.17%
Trading/Final Sale 125,000 5.00%
Enabling Environment 286,500 11.45%
TOTAL 2,502,500 100.00%
Figure 46. Distribution of Investment Requirement by Segment of the Chain

INDUSTRY CLUSTER
GOVERNANCE
NETWORK
The key institutions in the shrimp industry are composed of two sectors: the government and
non-government agencies. The NGAs involved in the development and the improvement
of the Philippines shrimp industry are DA-BFAR, DTI-BOI, DTI-EMB, PSA, DOST-PCAARRD,
DENR, DPF-BOC, and SUCs.
The non-government agencies concerned with the sustainable growth of the industry are
PHILSHRIMP, SEAFDEC-AQD, NPPC, SARGEN, and other private RDIs and HEIs.
Table 40 summarizes the institutions, both government and private, and their respective
roles in the Philippine shrimp industry.
179
Table 40. Institutions Involved in the Philippines Shrimp Industry
Actors Roles Responsibilities

a) Government Agencies
DA-BFAR • Provide extensive development support services in all a) Shrimp Health
aspects of fisheries production, processing and marketing Management Program:
• Coordinate efforts relating to fishery production b) Shrimp Disease
undertaken by the primary fishery producers, LGUs, Diagnostic Laboratories
FARMCs, fishery and organization / cooperatives c) Accreditation/
• Implement an inspection system for import and export Certification and
of fishery / aquatic products and fish processing Registration of Shrimp
establishments consistent with international standards to Farms
ensure product quality and safety d) Shrimp Disease
• Coordinate with LGUs and other concerned agencies for Surveillance Monitoring
the establishment of productivity-enhancing and market and Reporting
development programs in fishing communities to enable e) Organize and support
women to engage in other fisheries / economic activities shrimp organizations of
and contribute significantly to development efforts the private sector
• Enforce all laws, formulate and enforce all rules and f) Recommends
regulations governing the conservation and management researchable areas to
of fishery resources, except in municipal waters and institutions
to settle conflicts of resource use and allocation in g) Policy formulation for
consultation with the NFARMC, LGUs and local FARMCs the improvement of the
• Develop value-added fishery products for domestic shrimp industry
consumption and export
• Recommend measures for the protection/ enhancement of
the fishery industries
• Assist the LGUs in developing their technical capability in
the development, management, regulation conservation
and protection of the fishery resources
• Perform such other related functions which shall promote
the development, conservation, management protection
and utilization of fisheries and aquatic resources
DTI-BOI • Committed to generate local and foreign investments and a) Marketing and
develop globally competitive industries, thus, increasing Promotions
employment through the responsible use of the country’s b) Knowledge-based
resources, guided by the principles of private initiative and Research & Information
government cooperation.

DTI-EMB • Responsible for realizing the country’s goal of a globally a) Trade and Industry
competitive and innovative industry and services sector Policy Formulation
that contribute to inclusive growth and employment Services
generation. b) Trade and Investment
Promotion Services
c) Technical Advisory
Services
d) Consumer Protection
Services
e) Business Regulation
Services
DOST- • Formulate policies, plans, projects, and strategies for a) Human Resource
PCAARRD S&T development in the agriculture, forestry, aquatic and Development
natural resources sectors b) Scholarships and
Trainings
c) Publications Incentive
Program
d) R&D on shrimps
(formulation,
coordination,
monitoring and
evaluation)
PSA • The major statistical agency responsible for collecting, a) Country STAT
compiling, classifying, producing, publishing, and Philippines
disseminating general-purpose statistics. b) Production Marketing
and Analysis Service
(PMAS)

DENR • Responsible for the conservation, management, a) National Greening
development, and proper use of the country’s environment Program (NGP)
and natural resources, specifically forest and grazing lands, b) Protected Area
mineral resources, including those in reservation and Management and
watershed areas, and lands of the public domain, as well Development
as the licensing and regulation of all natural resources as c) Biodiversity
may be provided for by law in order to ensure equitable Conservation
sharing of the benefits derived therefrom for the welfare of d) Coastal and Marine
the present and future generations of Filipinos. Resources/Areas
Management
e) Clean Air, Clean
water, and Solid waste
Program
f) Implementation of
Manila Bay Operational
Plan
g) Geo-hazard Mapping
DOF-BOC • Facilitate trade in a secured manner Prevent smuggling
Control import and export
cargo
b) Non-Government Agencies
PHILSHRIMP • To promote and maintain the growth and improvement a) Co-organize industry
of the and improvement of the Philippine shrimp industry seminars, congress, and
relative to research, development, production of products workshops
such as shrimps, prawns and other aquatic species b) Support laboratory
• The creation and development of global and local market services provided by
for the product of shrimp industry NPPC
• To provide assistance in obtaining capital or credit facilities c) Support government
necessary for financing of the operation of its members projects
d) Recommend
researchable areas in
shrimp aquaculture
SEAFDEC- • Promote and undertake research on aquaculture relevant a) Sustainable Aquaculture

AQD and appropriate to the region b) Food Safety
• Encourage human resource development in aquaculture c) Fish Health
through training and extension d) Resource Enhancement
• Disseminate and exchange information in aquaculture

NPPC • Provide laboratory services to clients in a team a) Physicochemical
environment for the delivery of quality results using Microbiological test for
documented quality system drinking water
b) Environmental analysis
(water and wastewater)
c) Fry, soil and water
analysis in aquaculture
d) DNA (PCR) Analysis
e) Analysis for natural
products
f) Analysis for pesticide
Residue
SARGEN • Dedicated to work for the benefit of the shrimp growers a) Increase and
Shrimp and stakeholders in the SARGEN area, be the voice in disseminate knowledge
its advocacy and to advance as a globally competitive about shrimp culture
industry especially in the advent of the ASEAN Economic and processing through
Integration. publications, meetings,
conference and other
means
b) Advocate policy issues
affecting the industry
c) Facilitate and assist
trade negotiations and
marketing of the fresh
and processed shrimp
products
d) Conduct projects and
activities that will help
develop and sustain the
industry;
Provide a forum
for fellowship and
camaraderie among
individuals who share
common interests.

REFERENCES
9th Philippine Shrimp Congress, Bacolod City, July 3, 2014 and key players
Albaladejo, and Usero (2017). Fry quality assessment. Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources.
Diliman Quezon City
Albaladejo, and Usero (2019). Penaeus vannamei Shrimp Farmers’ Manual. Bureau of Fisheries and
Aquatic Resources. Diliman Quezon City
Sanz V. (2018). Specific Pathogen Free (SPF), Specific Pathogen Resistant (SPR) and Specific
Pathogen Tolerant (SPT) as Part of The Biosecurity Strategy for Whiteleg Shrimp (Penaeus
vannamei Boone 1931). Asian (Asian Fisheries Science Special Issue 30S1): 112–120
Albaladejo, M. (2016). Status of acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) of cultured

shrimps in the Philippines.
Aqua Culture Asia Pacific Magazine (2021)
Aranguren L., Alaiadh A., and Alzahrah S. (2016). Saudi Arabia Developing Effective Farmed Shrimp
Biosecurity Strategy. Global Aquaculture Advocate.
Ashton (2008). Shrimp Mangrove. p.6. Retrieved from www.cababstractsplus.org/cabreviews.
Asian Fisheries Science (2020)
BFAR-HIPON Program. Various data and years
BFAR-Regional Offices. Various data and years
Bulkini, A. (2021). The circular economy: why Indonesian shrimp farmers are changing the shape
of their ponds. The Fish Site. Retrieved from https://thefishsite.com/articles/the-circular-
economy-why-indonesian-shrimp-farmers-are-changing-the-shape-of-their-ponds
CAC, 1999 as cited in PRDP VCA for Tuna of Region 12
Current Trends in the Philippines’ Shrimp Aquaculture Industry: A Booming Blue Economy in the
Pacific. Retrieved from https://juniperpublishers.com/ofoaj/pdf/OFOAJ.MS.ID.555668.pdf
Arabit, P., Corre, V., and Dabu, I., et al. (2015). The first record of acute hepatopancreatic necrosis
disease in the Philippines Aquaculture Research, 48(3), 792–799. doi:10.1111/are.12923
Dela Pena (2004). Transboundary Shrimp Viral Diseases with Emphasis on White Spot Syndrome
Virus (WSSV) and Taura Syndrome Virus (TSV).
Department of Agriculture-Philippine Rural Development Project (DA-PRDP). Various reference

materials including fisheries related VCAs and other various online materials from Mindanao
Cluster I-PLAN Component.
185
Hermes (2004). as cited in PRDP VCA for Tuna of Region 12
FAO (1999). as cited in PRDP VCA for Tuna of Region 12
Fisheries Situation Report. PSA. January-December 2002.
Flegel, T., and Fegan, D. (2002). Strategies for preventing the spread of fish and shellfish diseases.
Fish. Sci. 68. 776-788. 10.2331/fishsci.68.sup1_776.
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) database
Food and Nutrition Research and Development Institute (FNRDI)
Global Aquaculture Alliance, October 22, 2018
Platon, R. (1999). Shrimp Aquaculture: the Philippine Experience.
Fred Economic Data (2011-2021). Global Price of Shrimp [Graph]. St. Louise Fed
Eknath, A., Jayanthi, M., and Kumaran, M., et al. (2012). Vulnerability and adaptation to climate
change for shrimp farming in India: Adaptation measures for small-scale shrimp farmers.
Aquaclimate Project, Technical Brief, 8 pp.
Philippine National Standards (2019). Code of Good Aquaculture Practices (GAqP) on Hatchery for
Freshwater Prawn. Bureau of Agriculture and Fisheries Standards.
Fisheries Administrative Order No. 220-1 (2004). Amendment to the Section II of the FAO 220:
Operation of the Fish Health Laboratories and Collection of Fees and Charges. Department of
Agriculture.
Tran Thi Phung Ha, et al. (2013). “Livelihood Capabilities and Pathways of Shrimp Farmers in the
Mekong Delta, Vietnam”. Aquaculture Economics and Management 17 (1). DOI:10.1080/136
57305.2013.747224
Nguyen, et al. (2021). Shrimp farmers risk management and demand for insurance in Ben Tre and
Tra Vinh Provinces in Vietnam. Aquaculture Reports Volume 19. Retrieved from https://
doi.org/10.1016/j.aqrep.2021.100606
https://www.tradeline.dti.gov.ph
https://www.tridge.com/guides/shrimp-prawn/PH
Impact of Shrimp Aquaculture p.133
Jory D. (2017). How good are your shrimp postlarvae? Global Aquaculture Alliance
Gudipati, V., Karanth, S, and Kumar, V., (2006). Selection of high-health postlarvae: A prerequisite
for sustainability of the Indian shrimp industry. Aquaculture Asia. XI. 4-9.

BFAR (2010). Legally Shrimps: A Compendium of Laws and Administrative Orders About Shrimps
Chao, N., Leaño, E., and Liao, I., (2016). Progress of Shrimp and Prawn Aquaculture in the World:
Advances and Prospects of Shrimp Nutrition. Chapter 12, pp. 243-258. National Taiwan Ocean
University Keelung, Taiwan.
Lightner, D. (2005). Biosecurity in Shrimp Farming: Pathogen Exclusion through Use of SPF
Stock and Routine Surveillance. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 36(3), 229–248.
doi:10.1111/j.1749-7345. 2005.tb00328.x
Albaladejo J., de la Peña F., and Loh PC, et al.. (2000).White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) in
cultured Penaeus monodon in the Philippines. Dis Aquat Organ. 10;42(1):77-82. doi:
10.3354/dao042077. PMID: 10986648.
National Biosecurity Manual in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Issue No. 2, July 2018
Osuna, F. (2001). The Environmental Impact of Shrimp Aquaculture: Causes, Effects, and
Mitigating Alternatives. Environmental Management Vol. 28, No. 1, pp. 131-140. Sringer-
Verlag New York Inc.
Philippine Fisheries Profile, 2019
Philippine National Standards for Shrimp
Philippine Statistics Authority, database, various years.
Primavera, J. (1997). Socio-Economic Impacts of Shrimp Culture. Aquaculture Research. 28. pp 815-
827. SEAFDEC. Iloilo, Philippines
Quarterly Aquatic Animal Disease Report -Asia-Pacific Region – 2020/1. Retrieved from https://rr-
asia.oie.int/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/qaad-2020-1q.pdf
Recirculating Aquaculture System. Retrieved from https://www.aquacultureid.com/recirculating-

aquaculture-system/
Suresh, A. 2020. How India Became the World’s Top Shrimp Producer. Global Aquaculture Advocate
The Shrimp Farming Industry in The Philippines. Retrieved from

https://repository.seafdec.org.ph/handle/10862/648
Why Relationships Matter in the Value Chain Approach. Retrieved from https://www.marketlinks.
org/good-practice-center/value-chain-wiki/inter-firm-relationships-overview

APPENDICES
189
Appendix 1: The Department of Agriculture’s Food Security Framework

Appendix 2: Summary of Shrimp VC Stakeholders Consulted
Table 1. Summary of Shrimp VC Stakeholders Consulted Online by Gender and Role in VC, 9 February 2021
Luzon Visayas Mindanao

VC Players
Male Female Male Female Male Female
1. Input Providers
Hatchery Operators 5 1 1 5
Larval Rearing Facility
1 1
Operators
Supplement/chemical
supplier/raw mat(for feeds) 1 1 1
Suppliers
Feed millers 5 1 1 2
2. Grow-out Farm Owners 4 6 3 3 7 4
3. Traders 1 2 2 2
4. Processors and exporter 1 1
5. Integrated Players
Hatchery +enabler 2
Hatchery +feedmill 1 1
Hatchery + feedmill +
2 1
grow-out
Hatchery + grow-out +
1
processing
6. Enablers 11 14 7 13 11 10
Total 30 26 15 20 30 15
Grand Total 136
Table 2. Summary of Shrimp VC Stakeholders Consulted Online by Gender and Role in VC, 21 June 2021

VC Players
1. Input Providers
Hatchery Operators 1 2 1
Operators
Feed millers/Distributors
3 2 1 3 1
and Sales
Aquaculture Supplies
1
Distributor
2. Grow-out Farm Owners 4 1 1 4 4
3. Traders & Exporters 2
4. Processors Note: 2 integrated processors were present as detailed in #5

VC Players
Aquaculture feed
millers and distributor + 1
Research/Academe
Grow-out Farm + Trader 1 1
Grow-out Farm +
1
Processors
Hatchery +enabler 1
Hatchery + grow-out 1
Hatchery + Aquaculture
feed millers/Distributor + 1
Farm
feed millers/ Distributor
+ Farm + Processor 1
+ Shrimp Trader +
Research/Academe
Hatchery + Farm,
Processor + Audits and 1
Certifications
6. Enablers
Government 12 16 1 4 6 9
Research/Academe
1 2 2 5
(Government and Private)
7. Others (no sector
12 2 1 3 1 7
indicated)
Total 37 27 10 12 17 21
Grand Total 124
Table 3. Summary of Shrimp VC Stakeholders Consulted Online by Gender and Role in VC, 7 July 2021

VC Players
1. Input Providers
Hatchery Operators 5 4 1 3 2
Operators
Feed millers/Distributors 3 8 1 1
3. Traders 1 2 1
4. Processors 1 4 1

VC Players
Hatchery + Grow-out 1
Hatchery + Grow-out +
1 1
Processing
feed millers/ Distributor + 1
Farm
Hatchery + Farm +
Aquaculture Feedmill/
2 1 1
Distributor + Processors +
Trader
Hatchery + Farm + Shrimp
1 1 1
processors + Trader
Grow-out Farm + Trader 1
Grow-out Farm +
1
Processors
Processors +Traders 1 2
Total 23 26 2 3 10 16
Grand Total 80
Table 4. Summary of Shrimp VC Stakeholders Consulted Online by Gender and Role in VC, 9 September 2021

VC Players
1. Input Providers
Hatchery Operators 1
Feed millers/Distributors 5 4 4 2 2 1
3. Traders 3
4. Processors 1 1
Hatchery + Research +
1
Academe
Processor + Exporter 1
Farm + Traders 2
6. Enabler 1 2
7. Government 9 15 2 2 2 5
8. Research and Academe 1 1
Total 24 27 9 6 9 12
Grand Total 87

Appendix 3: Roadmap Development Team

Appendix 4: FIVE-YEAR IMPLEMENTATION PLAN (2021-2025)
1. Vision, Mission, Goals, Objectives, and Targets
The same set of Vision, Mission, Goals, Objectives apply in the next five years. The difference
only lies in the target set.
2. Responsibility Matrix
The responsibility matrix details the priority strategies and actions in the short-term,
2021-2025 indicating the physical and financial targets as well as the responsible agencies.

ACTION/ PROGRAM/ TIMELINE FINANCIAL TARGET (‘000) RESPONSIBLE AGENCY
STRATEGY/ ACTIVITY/ 20 20 20 20 20 PARTICIPAT-
2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 TOTAL LEAD
DESCRIPTION PROJECT 21 22 23 24 25 ING
Train and educate Operation of
people to work and Shrimp School in
900 900 900 900 900 4500 BFAR R8 BFAR-CO
invest in shrimp BFAR-JAPTC, Jia-
aquaculture bong, Samar
Establishment of
Shrimp Nurseries
(Techno-demo) in 6 6000 60000 BFAR-CO BFAR-TOs
BFAR Technology
Centers
On-Line Training on
Fundamentals of
300 300 300 300 300 1500 BFAR-CO BFAR-ROs
Shrimp Aquaculture
“HIPonLINE”
Webinar on Busi-
ness Opportunities 200 200 200 200 200 1000 BFAR-CO BFAR-ROs
“Shrimp it Up”
Immersion program
for students (fisher-
ies and related sci- Private
BFAR
ences) in intensive sector
shrimp Farms and
Hatcheries (OJT).
Capacitate on BAP
and other certifica-
Intensify third Party
tions (BFAR to assist BFAR-CO Private Sector
Certification
for accreditation to
EU markets)

198
2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 TOTAL LEAD
Registration to BOI
Creation of condu-
for investment/
cive business envi- DTI-BOI BFAR
exports for possible
ronment for value
incentives (tax holi-
chain segments
day for startup)
Streamlining on
process in securing LGU BFAR & DENR
permits
Streamlining of
ECC requirements
for aquaculture and
processing/ Imple-
ment ease of doing DENR LGU & BFAR

business (include
policy amend-
ments/advocacy in
Congress)
Lobby the Con-
gress on amending
policies favoring
oligarch
Creation of regu-
latory relief council
to ease issuance of
permits
Soft loans and in-
centives
2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 TOTAL LEAD
Review of policies
on FLA (who is
authorized to issue
FLA)
Expansion of Market PRIVATE SEC-

Market Linkages 30 30 30 30 30 150 BFAR-CO
Intelligence TOR
Market Matching
PRIVATE SEC-
Information System Market research 30 30 30 30 30 150 BFAR-CO
TOR
Industry for a and

Consultation
Livelihood creation
PHILSHRIMP,
Annual review and
Conduct meeting SARGEN, SEA-
assessment of plans 30 30 30 30 30 150 BFAR-CO
with stakeholders FDEC, & DTI,
and programs
LGU

200
2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 TOTAL LEAD
Establishment of Establishment of
25000 20000 BFAR4B BFAR-CO
Hatchery hatchery
Operations of
1000 1000 1000 1000 4000
hatchery
Improvement of P. 1. Rehabilitation of
monodon hatchery facility and labora- 5000 5000 BFAR 5 BFAR-CO
in Region V tory
Production of PLs 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 5000

Provision of incen- Procurement and
tives in a form of PLs distribution of PLs 3000 1500 1500 1500 1500 63000 BFAR-CO BFAR-Ros
and farm equipment and farm equip-
ment
Review of policy on PHILSHRIMP,

Consultation with
importation of SPF 50 500 500 1000 BFAR-CO SARGEN, &
stakeholders
broodstock BFAR-ROs
Amendment of
policies
2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 TOTAL LEAD
Collaboration with
PHILSHRIMP and
Conduct of shrimp other government BFAR, DOST, &
300 2000 2000 4300 PHILSHRIMP
congress agencies in prepa- SEAFDEC, DTI
ration and conduct
of congress
Collaboration with
SARGEN and other
BFAR, DOST,
Conduct of shrimp government agen-
SARGEN SEAFDEC, &
summit cies in preparation
DTI
and conduct of
summit
Registration, accred- Conduct of on-site
itation and renewal inspection and as- BFAR-CO, LGU,
200 200 200 200 200 1000 BFAR-ROs
of hatcheries and sessment of appli- MFO, & DENR
grow-out cant’s facilities
Conduct of assess-
ment of facilities for
renewal of regis-
tration
Disease prevention, Conduct regular
control mitigation collection and anal-
15000 15000 15000 15000 15000 75000 BFAR-CO BFAR-ROs
and eradication pro- ysis of samples for
gram monitoring
Conduct disease in-
vestigation if there
is disease outbreak
occurrence

202
2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 TOTAL LEAD
Promote adapta-
tion to PNS-GaqP
P. vannamei breed-
ing program, P.
monodon breeding
State uni-
Strengthen R&D program, Develop-
versities and
particularly on dis- ment of detection DOST-PCAAR-
colleges (UPV,
ease detection and kits, culture man- RD
UPD, UST, USA,
prevention agement practices,
WPU, & etc.)
Macrobrachium
rosenbergii R&D
program

F3 broodstock pro-
duced for P. vanna-
20000
mei (WSSV resistant
and fast growth)
Roll out of P. vann-
amei broodstock to
20000
private sector; Roll
out of detection kits
2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 TOTAL LEAD
Start P. monodon
breeding program
through genomics;
identification of M.
25000
rosenbergii species
in the country, re-
finement of hatch-
ery techniques
Continue R&D on
disease detection 20000
and control
F2 of P. monodon 20000 105000

3. Institutional Arrangement
The same stakeholders identified in Table 35 are involved in the short-term.
4. Monitoring and Evaluation
The DA-BFAR shall directly supervise the implementation of this roadmap. It shall also
ensure that appropriate funds will be included in its annual budget proposal and lobby for
inclusion of such a budget in the approved annual appropriations. The annual budgetary
allocation for the implementation of this roadmap shall be determined, based on the priority
programs/activities identified in Section IV, during the detailed planning and budgeting
sessions that will be organized by the BFAR immediately after the adoption of this roadmap.
The BFAR, through its Regional Field Offices, National Centers and concerned Technical
Divisions/Units, shall continue to provide technical assistance and extension services to the
industry, in close coordination with other government agencies and the academe.
The private sector/shrimp industry players are expected to play active roles and extend
necessary assistance in the implementation of this roadmap.

DATA SOURCE
GOALS & SUCCESS TARGETS PER COLLECTION RESPONSIBILITY
TO ASSESS FREQUENCY
OBJECTIVES INDICATOR INDICATOR METHODS CENTER
PERFORMANCE
Steady and Annual production P. monodon PSA/BFAR-NSPP Annual Report Annual BFAR-CO (FPED)
sustainable shrimp volume growth At least 1,000 MT, 2020
production 2021-2025
At least 2,000 MT,
2026-2030
At least 5,000 MT,
2031-2040
P. vannamei
At least 5,000 MT,
2021-2025
At least 10,000 MT,
2026-2030
At least 20,000 MT,
2031-2040
Globally Volume of fresh 10%, 2021-2025 PSA/DTI Annual Report Annual BFAR-CO (FPED)
competitive frozen shrimp 15-20%, 2026-2030
products exported 20-25%, 2031-2040
Volume of others 10%, 2021-2025

shrimp products 15-20%, 2026-2030
forms exported 20-25%, 2031-2040

206
DATA SOURCE
GOALS & SUCCESS TARGETS PER COLLECTION RESPONSIBILITY
TO ASSESS FREQUENCY
OBJECTIVES INDICATOR INDICATOR METHODS CENTER
PERFORMANCE
Conducive Number of 1 comprehensive BFAR-NSPP 2020 Annual Report Annual BFAR-CO (FPED)
Enabling comprehensive shrimp extension
Environment extension program
programs for
shrimp
1 policy review/
Number of policy advocacy related
review/advocacies to the shrimp
initiatives related industry per year
to the shrimp
industry

Appendix 5: FULL REPORT ON THE VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS

TABLES OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS 208

LIST OF TABLES 210
LIST OF FIGURES 212
LIST OF ACRONYMS 215
SECTION 1. INTRODUCTION 221
A. Background 221
B. Rationale 221
C. Objectives of VCA 222
D. Methodology 222
E. Scope and Limitation 228
SECTION 2. OVERVIEW OF THE INDUSTRY 229
A. Product Description 229
B. Supply Analysis 232
1. World Shrimp Supply 232
2. Domestic Shrimp Supply 233
SECTION 3: NATURE AND STRUCTURE OF THE INDUSTRY 253
A. Value Chain Mapping 253
B. Key Functions and Players 272
1. Functions and Players: Local 272
2. Benchmarks: International 307
C. Nature of Inter-Firm Relationships 314
1. Horizontal Relationships 314
2. Vertical Relationships 319
D. Price and Cost Structure 222
1. Income and Profits 223
2. Relative Financial Position of Players 324

SECTION 4. MARKETS AND MARKET OPPORTUNITIES 327
A. Market and Market Trends 327
1. Export Markets 327
2. Domestic Markets 331
B. Price Trends 333
1. Export Markets 333
2. Domestic Markets 334
SECTION 5. SUPPORT SERVICES 336
A. Financial Services 336
B. Non-Financial Services 340
SECTION 6. ENABLING ENVIRONMENT 346
A. Formal Rules, Regulations and Policies 346
B. Informal Rules and Socio-Cultural Norms 362
SECTION 7. CONSTRAINTS AND OPPORTUNITIES 363
SECTION 8. COMPETITIVENESS DIRECTIONS 370
A. Competitiveness Vision 370
B. Prioritv Constraints and Interventions 370
SECTION 9. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 386
REFERENCES 387
ANNEX 1 390
ANNEX 2 410

LIST OF TABLES
No. Table Title Page No.

1 Summary of Shrimp VC Stakeholders Consulted Online by Gender and Role in 225
19
VC, 9 February 2021
19
VC, 21 June 2021
20
VC, 7 July 2021
21
VC, August 2021
5 Shrimps and Shrimp Product Forms and Description 230
24
6 World Shrimp Production (P. monodon and P. vannamei) Production in MT, 233
27
2010-2019, Ranking of Countries & 2019 Percent Share to Production
7 Philippine Shrimp Production Volume in MT, 2015-2020 234
28
8 Philippine Shrimp Production Value in Billion Php, 2015-2020 234
28
9 Cumulative Area (hectares) of Registered and Accredited P. monodon Grow-out 243
37
Farms, 2016-2020
10 Cumulative Area (hectares) of Registered and Accredited P. vannamei Grow- 244
38
out Farms, 2016-2020
11 Potential Areas for Expansion for Shrimp Culture, 2020 245
39
12 Import Data of Shrimp in the Philippines in Volume and Value, 2010-2020 247
41
13 Causes, Effects and Mitigating Actions Related to Environmental Impact of 250
44
Shrimp Aquaculture
14 Major Issues and Impacts of Shrimp Farming and Better Management 251
46
Guidelines
15 Summarized Characterization of Shrimp Farm Production Systems 283
78
16 Summary of Diagnostic capabilities of Regional and Central Fish Health 287
82
Laboratories
17 Distribution of P. vannamei Farms by Region and Province, 2020 292
87
18 Distribution of P. monodon Farms by Region and Province, 2020 296
91
19 Number and Sizes of Registered and Accredited Shrimp Grow-out Farms, 2020 299
94
20 Shrimp Exporters , 2020 303
98
21 Integrated Value Chain Players in the Shrimp Industry, 2020 305
100
22 Summary of Competitive Advantages in Shrimp Production: Thailand, Vietnam, 312
107
and Indonesia

No. Table Title Page No.
23 Summary of Horizontal Relationships Among Shrimp Industry Players in the 314
109
Philippines
24 Summary of Vertical Relationships among Shrimp Industry Players in the 319
114
Philippines
25 Cost Distribution for the Shrimp VC, by Segment 322
117
26 Cost-Benefit Analysis for P. monodon Farming per Hectare 323
118
27 Cost-Benefit Analysis for P. vannamei Farming per Hectare, Intensive 324
119
28 RFP for fresh P. monodon shrimps Sold Domestically 325
120
29 RFP for Fresh P. vannamei Shrimps Sold Domestically 326
121
30 Shrimp Product Forms for Export, 2019 328
123
31 Demand for Shrimp, 2015-2020 331
126
32 Projected Annual Demand for Shrimp and Prawn, 2021-2025 332
127
33 Projected Annual Supply for Shrimp, 2021-2025 332
127
34 Price Competitiveness of Frozen Shrimp in the Philippines with Exports, 2019 334
128
35 P. monodon’s and P. vannamei’s Annual Prevailing Price, 2016-2020 335
130
36 Financial Support Available to Shrimp Farmers in the Philippines 336
131
37 Non-Financial Services Available to Shrimp Farmers in the Philippines 341
136
38 Key Legislations, Policies and Regulations Affecting the Philippine Shrimp 346
141
Industry
39 Key BFAR Fisheries Administrative Orders (FAOs) Affecting the Philippine 351
146
Shrimp Industry
40 Key BFAR Fisheries Office Orders (FOOs) Affecting the Philippine Shrimp 354
149
Industry
41 Key BFAR Fisheries General Memorandum Orders (FGMOs) Affecting the 357
152
Philippine Shrimp Industry
42 Key Safety and Quality Management & Standards Affecting the Philippine 358
154
Shrimp Industry
43 Related International Laws and Regulations on Fish Safety and Quality of the 361
156
Top Export Markets of Philippine Shrimp
44 List of Constraints and Opportunities Affecting the Philippine Shrimp Industry 363
158
45 Cross-cutting Concerns Affecting the Philippine Shrimp Industry 368
163
46 Ranking of Constraints/Opportunities Affecting the Philippine Shrimp Industry 370
165
47 National Shrimp Industry Priority Constraints and Interventions: Priority 374
169
Areas, Responsibility Centers, and Ranking

LIST OF FIGURES
No. Figure Title Page No.
1 VCA Methodology and Framework 223

17
2 Fresh Shrimps: P. monodon viz P. vannamei 229
23
3 Shrimp Product Forms 231
25
4 Other Processed Shrimp Product Forms 231
25
5 World Shrimp (P. monodon and P. vannamei) Production, in MT, 2010-2019 232
26
6 Total Shrimp Production in Percent Share by Sector, 2020 235
29
7 Aquaculture Shrimp Production Volume (in MT) per Species, 2020 236
30
8 Percent Share of Shrimp in Aquaculture Production, 2015-2019 236
30
9 Aquaculture: Volume of Shrimp Production per Region, 2000-2020 237
31
10 P. monodon Production Volume Trend in MT, 2010-2020 238
32
11 Top Producing Provinces of P. monodon, 2020 239
33
12 P. vannamei Production Volume Trend in MT, 2010-2020 239
33
13 Top Producing Provinces of P. vannamei, 2020 240
34
14 Production Volume, AGR & AAGR for Total Aquaculture P. monodon and P. 241
35
vannamei, 2000-2020
15 Production Volume, AGR & AAGR for P. monodon, 2000-2020 242
36
16 Production Volume, AGR & AAGR for P. vannamei, 2000-2020 243
37
17 Country of Origin of Shrimp and Prawn Imports, 2020 248
42
18 Shrimp and Prawn Imports by Species, 2020 248
42
19 Shrimp and Prawn Imports by Product Form, 2020 249
43
20 Value Chain Map for Fresh Shrimp 254
49
21 Value Chain Map for Processed Shrimp (with traders in between farmers and 256
51
processors)
22 Value Chain Map for Processed Shrimp (sourced directly from farms) 257
52
23 Domestic Geographic Flow of Fresh and Processed Shrimps: Region 1, 2019 258
53
54
54
26 Domestic Geographic Flow of Fresh and Processed Shrimps: Region 4A, 2019 260
55
27 Domestic Geographic Flow of Fresh and Processed Shrimps: Region 4B, 2019 260
55
56
56

57
58
58
59
60
61
61
37 Destination of Shrimp Products, 2019 267
62
38 Origin of Shrimp Products Shipped to NCR, 2019 267
62
39 National Commodity Map for Shrimp, P. monodon and P. vannamei, 2020 269
64
40 National Commodity Map for P. monodon (Production, Farms, and Hatcheries), 270
65
2020
41 National Commodity Map for P. vannamei (Production, Farms, and Hatcheries), 271
66
2020
42 The Philippine Shrimp Industry Structure 272
67
43 Ten-Year Trend of Shrimp Broodstocks Importation (in pieces), 2011-2020 275
70
44 BFAR Registered and Accredited P. vannamei Hatcheries , Number and Location, 277
73
2020
45 BFAR Registered and Accredited P. monodon Hatcheries, Number and Location, 278
73
2020
46 Location of Local Shrimp Feed Manufacturers and Importers in the Philippines, 281
76
2020
47 Philippine Shrimp Feeds Import, 2019 281
76
48 Summary of Conducted Disease Analyses, 2014 – 2020 288
83
49 WSSV Summary Analyses, 2014 – 2020 289
84
50 AHPND Summary Analyses, 2014 – 2020 289
84
51 EHP Summary Analyses, 2014 – 2020 290
85
52 Mapping of P. vannamei Farms in the Philippines, 2020 295
90
53 Mapping of P. monodon Farms in the Philippines, 2020 298
93
54 BFAR & EU-Approved Shrimp Processing Plants, Number and Location, 2020 302
97
55 Basic Principles and Components of RAS 308
103
56 RFP for fresh P. monodon Shrimps Sold Domestically 325
120
57 RFP for fresh P. vannamei Shrimps Sold Domestically 326
121

58 Major Fisheries Export in Terms of Value (in Billion Peso), 2019 328
123
59 Frozen Shrimp Export Destination in Volume and Value, 2019 329
124
60 Market share of Countries Supplying Shrimp to Japan, 2019 329
124
61 Philippine Shrimp Exports Volume in MT, 2011-2020 330
125
62 Philippine Shrimp Exports Value in USD, 2011-2020 331
126
63 Shrimp Sufficiency Level, 2015-2020 332
127
64 Global Price of Fresh Shrimp in USD, April 2011 – April 2021 333
128
65 Farmgate Price of Shrimp, 2015-2020 335
130
6
LIST OF ACRONYMS
AAGR Average Annual Growth Rate

ACCESS Accelerating Change in the Countryside thru Equity Sharing Strategy
ACPC Agricultural Credit Policy Council
AFMA Agriculture and Fisheries Modernization Act
AFMP Agriculture and Fisheries Modernization Plan
AGR Annual Growth Rate
AHPND Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease
AHPNS Acute Hepato-Pancreatic Necrosis Syndrome
AMCFP Agro-Industry Modernization Credit and Financing Program
ARBOs Agrarian Reform Beneficiaries Organizations
ARTA Anti-Red Tape Authority
ASC Aquaculture Stewardship Council
ASEAN Association of Southeast Asian Nations
ASIC Asian Seafood Improvement Collaborative
BAI Bureau of Animal Industry
BAP Best Aquaculture Practices
BARMM Bangsamoro Autonomous Region for Muslim Mindanao
BFAR Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources
BFAR-CO BFAR Central Office
BFAR-FAO BFAR- Fisheries Administrative Order
BFAR-FAOs BFAR Fisheries Administrative Orders
BFAR-ROs BFAR Regional Offices
BI background investigation
BMC Broodstock Multiplication Centre
CAC Codex Alimentarius Commission
CALABARZON Cavite, Laguna, Batangas, Rizal, Quezon
capex capital expenditure
CAR Cordillera Autonomous Region
CARL Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law
CARP Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program
CBA Cost Benefit Analysis

CCRF Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries
CDA Cooperative Development Authority
cGMP Current Good Manufacturing Practice
CI Credit Investigation
CLUP Comprehensive Land Use Plan
CO2 Carbon dioxide
COVID-19 Coronavirus disease 2019
CPC Credit Program for Cooperatives
CPL Cooperative Lending Program
CPR Certificate of Product Registration
DA Department of Agriculture
DA-AMAD Department of Agriculture - Agribusiness and Marketing Assistance Service
Division
DA-BAR Department of Agriculture - Bureau of Agricultural Research
DA-PRDP DA - Philippine Rural Development Project
DAR Department of Agrarian Reform
DBP Development Bank of the Philippines
DENR Department of Environment and Natural Resources
DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid
DOC Days of Culture
DOF-BOC Department of Finance – Bureau of Customs
DOH Department of Health
DOLE Department of Labor and Employment
DOST Department of Science and Technology
DOST- SETUP Program Department of Science and Technology- Small Enterprise Technology
Upgrading Program
DOST-PCAARRD Department of Science and Technology-Philippine Council for Agriculture,
Aquatic and Natural Resources Research and Development
DTI Department of Trade and Industry
DTI-BOI Department of Trade and Industry - Board of Investments
DTI-EMB Department of Trade and Industry -Export Marketing Bureau
ECC Environmental Compliance Certificate
EFSA EU Food Safety Authority
EHP Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei
10

EMS Early Mortality Syndrome
EPCL Export Packing Credit Line
EPPA Easy Pondong Pang-Asenso
EU European Union
FAO Food and Agriculture Organization
FARMCs Fisheries and Aquatic Resource Management Councils
FD & C Food, Drugs & Cosmetic
FDA Food and Drug Authority
FGD Focus Group Discussions
FGMOs Fisheries General Memorandum Orders
FIFO First-in First-out
FIDSSD Fisheries Industry Development and Supports Services Division
FIQD Fisheries Inspection and Quarantine Division
FLA Fishpond Lease Agreement
FNRDI Food and Nutrition Research and Development Institute
FOB Freight on Board
FOOs Fisheries Office Orders
FOs Farmers Organizations
FSIS Food Safety and Inspection Service
GAqP Good Aquaculture Practices
GAV Gill Associated Disease
GHP Good Hygienic Practices
GMP Good Manufacturing Practices
HACCP Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point
HDPE High-Density Polyethylene
HIEs Higher Education Institutions
HIPON Hipon Iangat ang ProduksyON
HLSON headless, shell-on
HON head-on
IEC Information and Education Campaign
IHHNV Infectious Hypodermal Hematopoietic Necrosis Disease
IMNV Infectious Myonecrosis Virus
I-PLAN Investments for AFMP Planning at the Local and National Levels
11

IQF Individual Quick Frozen
ISO International Organization for Standardization
IUUF Illegal Unregulated and Unreported Fishing
JFRC Jeddah Fisheries Research Center
KII key informant interviews
KPs knowledge products
KSA Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
KSA SAS Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
LAMP Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification
LBP Landbank of the Philippines
LGC Local Government Code
LGU Local Government Unit
LTO License to Operate
LTP Local Transport Permit
MT Metric Tons
NASFSF Non-Agrarian Reform Beneficiary Small Farmers and Small Fishers
NBC Nucleus Breeding Centre
NCR National Capital Region
NEDA National Economic Development Authority
NFEP National Fisheries Extension Plan
NFRDI National Fisheries Research and Development Institute
NGAs National Government Agencies
NGO Non-Government Organizations
NGP National Greening Program
NIFTDC National Integrated Fisheries Technology Development Center
NIPAS National Integrated Protected Areas System
NPPCI Negros Prawn Producer’s Cooperative, Inc.
NPPC Negros Prawn Producers’ Cooperative formerly known as NPPCI
NSGGP National Shrimp Genetics/ Genomics Program
NSPP National Shrimp Production Program otherwise known as the HIPON
Program
OASIS Operational and Administrative System For Import Support
OIE World Animal Health Organization
OJT On-the-job
12

OSC One-Stop Center
PAFES Provincial Agriculture and Fisheries Extension Services
PCAMRD Philippine Council for Aquatic and Marine Research and Development
PCR polymerase chain reaction
PD peeled, deveined
PDTO peeled, deveined, tail on
PFOs Provincial Fisheries Offices
PHILPHOSPHATE Philippine Phosphate
PHILSHRIMP Philippine Shrimp Industry, Inc.
PL post-larvae
PLEA Production Loan Easy Access
PMAS Production Marketing and Analysis Service
PNs promissory notes
PNS/BAFS Philippine National Standards - Bureau of Agriculture and Fisheries
Standards
POs Peoples Organizations
PPP Private Public Partnership
PSA Philippine Statistics Authority
PTO Peeled Tail-on
PUD Peeled, Undeveined
R&D Research and Development
RA Republic Act
RAS recirculating aquaculture system
RASFF Rapid Alert System for Food & Feed
RCF Retail Countryside Fund
RDIs Research and Development Institutions
RFP Relative financial position of players
RL Rediscounting Line
ROI Return of investment
RSBSA Registry System for Basic Sectors in Agriculture
SARGEN Sarangani GenSan Stakeholders Shrimp Association
SEAFDEC-AQD Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center-Aquaculture Division
SEC Security and Exchange Commission
SH-TWG Shrimp Health Technical Working Group
13

SMEs Small and Medium Enterprises
SOCCSKSARGEN South Cotabato, Cotabato City, Sultan Kudarat, Sarangani, General Santos City
SPF Specific Pathogen Free
SPS Sanitary and Phytosanitary
SPT Specific Pathogen Tolerant
SSOPs Sanitation Standard Operating Procedures
SUCs State Colleges and Universities
SULONG SME Unified Lending Opportunities for National Growth
SURE Assistance Program Survival and Recovery (SURE) Assistance Program
TPC Total Project Cost
TWG Technical Working Group
UPV University of the Philippines – Visayas
USA United States of America
USAID United States Agency for International Development
USDA United States Department of Agriculture
UUI unnecessary and unfair importations
VC Value Chain
VCA Value Chain Analysis
WCL Working Capital Loan
WHO World Health Organization
WSD White Spot Disease
WSSV White Spot Syndrome Virus
WTO World Trade Organization
YHN Yellow Head Disease
14

SECTION 1. INTRODUCTION
A. Background
Shrimp is one the major aquaculture species in the Philippines. Specifically, the shrimp industry
significantly contributes to the country’s quest for food security, employment and foreign exchange
earnings. There are two species of shrimp cultured in the country, P. monodon or the giant black tiger
shrimp also locally known as “sugpo” and P. vannamei or the pacific white shrimp also commonly
known as “suati”. In 2019, the Philippines was the 4th top producer of shrimp in Southeast Asia and
8th in the world1. In 2020, the total P. monodon and P. vannamei production reached 64,578 MT, 8%
of which was exported while the larger 92% was consumed locally2.
The largest share of shrimp harvest comes from brackish water ponds, with contribution from
marine fish cages and marine fish pens. Aside from P. monodon and P. vannamei, the other top species
in the Philippines include endeavor prawn and white shrimp. Among all species, the giant black tiger
prawn has the highest volume of production recorded in the past years, around 60%. The P. vannamei
is an exotic species and was introduced in the country in 2007 through the Bureau of Fisheries and
Aquatic Resources - Fisheries Administrative Order (BFAR-FAO) 225. Since then, culture of P.
vannamei has been popular among shrimp farmers across the country with about 30% share to total
aquaculture production of shrimps and prawns.
Meanwhile, among the inland municipal shrimps and prawns, the acetes or “alamang” is the most
dominant at 59% share based on 2020 Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA) production data. This is
followed by the Macrobrachium rosenbergii or the freshwater shrimp or “ulang” at 21%, the white
shrimp or “hipong puti”at 10%, the endeavor prawn or “suahe” at 6%, and tiger prawn or “sugpo” at
3%.
B. Rationale
Shrimp aquaculture industry is one of the sources of income of the people living in inter-tropical
countries of Southeast Asia and other inter-tropical developing countries. It is one of the most
important species that is traded globally at a high value, with the Philippines as one of the leading
countries that export shrimp.
As a net exporter of shrimp, the country’s export earnings register P2.18 billion for 2019 alone. In
the same year, shrimp ranked fourth among the major fisheries export commodities next to tuna (Php
24.6 billion), seaweeds (Php 12.9 billion) and crabs (Php 5.1 billion). The country exports various
types of processed shrimp and shrimp products, including frozen, head-on shell-on, peeled and
deveined.
1 Source: FAO 2018

2Source: PSA 2020
15

Despite being one of the top fish commodities in the country, the shrimp industry still faces a number
of issues and challenges. In view of this, this national Value Chain Analysis (VCA) is done to identify
leverage points and key strategies to further improve the competitiveness of the aquaculture shrimp
industry in the Philippines.
The conduct of this VCA for the shrimp industry is part of the planning building blocks in achieving
the One Department of Agriculture (DA) Reform Agenda with focus on the key strategies of
consolidation, modernization, industrialization and professionalization of the country’s agri-fishery
sector. Specifically, this VCA report will serve as the key reference document in the crafting of the
National Shrimp Industry Roadmap 2021-2040. All these initiatives are in sync with the DA’s food
security framework as the key guide in achieving the Department’s vision of a Food Secure and
Resilient Philippines with Empowered and Prosperous Farmers and Fisherfolk.
C. Objectives of VCA3
The study aims to lay the foundation for strategic planning and improving the aquaculture shrimp
industry processes and critical decision making. Specifically, the study will:
a) Provide an in-depth understanding of the range of structural and dynamic elements or factors
that affect the performance of key chains in major producing regions;
b) Provide an in-depth understanding of the market and economic opportunities that can
potentially drive more beneficial and sustained inclusion of small shrimp farmers and players
into the shrimp value chains through a dynamic process of change;
c) Identify, through a participatory process, the systemic chain level issues that hinder or promote
the gainful participation of all stakeholders, sustainability of the chains, and their
competitiveness in general;
d) Use a participatory approach, identify and prioritize interventions needed to overcome

bottlenecks throughout the key chain/s that would foster industry competitiveness and climate
change resiliency; and,
e) Identify and explore how to catalyze private and public sector stakeholders in the shrimp
industry to collaborate for improved industry performance.
D. Methodology
The United States Agency for International Development (USAID) VCA framework4, as indicated in
Figure 1, is being adapted in this report. The same framework was used to analyze end markets in
3 The Department of Agriculture Philippine Rural Development Project (DA-PRDP) has been strongly
espousing on the use of VCAs with the same purpose and intentions
4 As sourced from DA-PRDP Mindanao Cluster I-PLAN Component.
16

identifying opportunities then along with the existing data and the findings of primary and secondary
studies and references, the gaps along with constraints and opportunities. These were used to
develop the competitiveness strategy and directions defining specific interventions for chain
development.
The value chain study analyzed: a) players in the chain—from input suppliers to retailers; b) factors
affecting the performance of the value chain, including end markets, the enabling environment, inter-
firm cooperation and support markets; and, c) the relationships between players—the power
dynamics between firms, their access to learning and innovation, and the distribution of benefits
throughout the chain. The study assessed the constraints and opportunities for enhancing industry’s
competitiveness through a diagnostic framework that included both the structural and dynamic
elements of the system. Based on constraints and opportunities to increased competitiveness,
possible sustainable interventions were identified in collaboration with industry players and
stakeholders
Figure 1. VCA Methodology and Framework
Source: USAID VCA Framework as adapted from the DA-PRDP Mindanao Cluster I-PLAN Component
The use of the value chain (VC) approach in planning brings about the following advantages:
1. Systemic and holistic approach focuses on competitiveness of the whole value chain;
2. All operators can trust that others will do their part of the upgrading task, i.e. that the
concerted approach of collective action will work;
17

3. Market-oriented approach, because all upgrading action along the chain is guided by the
demand of final consumers;
4. Participatory approach where the stakeholders determine the strategy and are responsible
for the implementation; and,
5. Coordinated support by various enablers avoids duplication and ensures impact.
The Consultation Process
Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, a consultative process under the “new normal” condition was
employed. A series of stakeholders’ consultations and validations were done online. Attached in the
Annex 1 is the complete directory of those who attended per online consultation/validation activity.
Specifically, the BFAR conducted a virtual national consultation with some of the country’s major
shrimp industry players on 9 February 2021 to facilitate the identification of the industry’s strengths,
weaknesses, opportunities and threats in each segment of the chain. Participants of the said activity
were hatchery operators, grow-out operators, processors, traders as well as enablers coming from
National Government Agencies (NGAs), Research and Development Institutions (RDIs), and Higher
Education Institutions (HEIs), and among others. The outputs of the said consultation were likewise
emailed to the participants for further inputs and verification.
Aside from the said online consultations, additional questionnaires were disseminated to other
stakeholders in each segment of the chain to further gather inputs and comments. Supplemental key
informant interviews via telephone for additional data.
Another set of online consultation and validation activities were also conducted on 21 June 2021, 7
July 2021 and 9 September 2021. These additional activities were done to gather additional data for
this VCA report as well as validate the initially gathered data including the priority constraints and
interventions.
The series of consultations involving no less than the shrimp industry direct players – the private
sector across all segments of the VC, RDIs such as the Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center-
Aquaculture Division (SEAFDEC-AQD) and the HEIs both public and private, as well as the enablers
comprising of BFAR, Department of Trade and Industry (DTI), Department of Science and Technology
(DOST) and other competent NGAs was done to ensure that this National Shrimp Industry VCA
Report and the corresponding National Shrimp Industry Roadmap are reflective of the true picture
of the national shrimp industry and is widely owned by all concerned stakeholders.
Table 1 to Table 4 show the summary of participants during the series of online consultations and
validations disaggregated according to gender and representation by segment in the shrimp VC.
Table 1. Summary of Shrimp VC Stakeholders Consulted Online by Gender and Role in VC, 9
February 2021
18

Table 1 to Table 4 show the summary of participants during the series of online consultations and
validations disaggregated according to gender and representation by segment in the shrimp VC.
February 2021
VC Players Luzon 18 Visayas Mindanao
1. Input Providers
Hatchery Operators 5 1 1 5
Larval Rearing Facility 1 1
Operators
Supplement/chemical 1 1 1
supplier/raw mat(for
feeds) Suppliers
Feed millers 5 1 1 2
2. Grow-out Farm 4 6 3 3 7 4
Owners
3. Traders 1 2 2 2
4. Processors and 1 1
exporter
Hatchery +enabler 2
Hatchery +feedmill 1 1
Hatchery + feedmill + 2 1
grow-out
Hatchery + grow-out + 1
processing
6. Enablers 11 14 7 13 11 10
Total 30 26 15 20 30 15
Grand Total 136
June 2021
VC Players Luzon Visayas Mindanao
1. Input Providers
Hatchery Operators 1 2 1
Operators
Feed millers/Distributors 3 2 1 3 1
and Sales
Aquaculture Supplies 1
Distributor
3. Traders & Exporters 2
4. Processors Note: 2 integrated processors were present as detailed in #5
Aquaculture feed millers 1
and distributor +
Research/Academe
Grow-out Farm + Trader 1 1
Grow-out Farm + Processors 1
19
Hatchery +enabler 1
Hatchery + grow-out 1
Hatchery + Aquaculture 1
feed millers/Distributor +
Farm
Hatchery + Aquaculture 1
feed millers/ Distributor +
Farm + Processor + Shrimp
Trader +
Research/Academe
Hatchery + Farm, Processor 1
+ Audits and Certifications
6. Enablers
Government 12 16 1 4 6 9
Research/Academe 1 2 2 5
(Government and Private)
7. Others (no sector 12 2 1 3 1 7
indicated)
Total 37 27 10 12 17 21
Grand Total 124
Table 3. Summary of Shrimp VC Stakeholders Consulted Online by Gender and Role in VC,
7 July 2021
1. Input Providers
Hatchery Operators 5 4 1 3 2
Operators
Feed 3 8 1 1
millers/Distributors
2. Grow-out Farm 8 6 2 3 7
Owners
3. Traders 1 2 1
4. Processors 1 4 1
Hatchery + Grow-out 1
Hatchery + Grow-out + 1 1
Processing
Hatchery + 1
Aquaculture feed
millers/ Distributor +
Farm
Hatchery + Farm + 2 1 1
Aquaculture Feedmill/
20

Distributor +
Processors + Trader
Hatchery + Farm + 1 1 1
Shrimp processors +
Trader
Grow-out Farm + 1
Trader
Grow-out Farm + 1
Processors
Total 23 26 2 3 10 16
Grand Total 80
Table 4. Summary of Shrimp VC Stakeholders Consulted Online by Gender and Role in VC,
9 September 2021
1. Input Providers
Hatchery Operators 1
Feed 5 4 4 2 2 1
millers/Distributors
2. Grow-out Farm 4 2 1 4 4
Owners
3. Traders 3
4. Processors 1 1
Hatchery + Reasearch 1
+ Academe
Processor + Exporter 1
Farm + Traders 2
6. Enabler 1 2
7. Government 9 15 2 2 2 5
8. Research and 1 1
Academe
Total 24 27 9 6 9 12
Grand Total 87
21

E. Scope and Limitation
As about 80-85% of total national shrimp production volume and 95% in terms of total value are
coming from the aquaculture sector, this VCA report primarily covers the aquaculture shrimp.
Emphasis is given to primarily cultured shrimp species, namely: P. vannamei and P. monodon. While
there is an available technology for the culture of Macrobrachium rosenbergii or the freshwater
shrimp/“ulang”, it is not yet widely practice owing to the limited local market acceptance.
In terms of product form, both fresh and processed shrimps are covered though more emphasis is
given to fresh and the primary processed shrimps of both P. vannamei and P. monodon. Most of the
BFAR’s National Shrimp Production Program (BFAR-NSPP) or commonly known as the Hipon Iangat
ang ProduksyON (HIPON) Program’s interventions are largely focused on these two under the
aquaculture sector. Geographical coverage is on a national scope. Thus, succeeding discussions in
this document will be centered on these two species of culture shrimp.
The PSA and the BFAR-NSPP are the official sources of local data while world production data is
mainly from the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). In some cases, statistics from PSA and
other official publications involved in the shrimp industry may vary due to differences in the method
of collection, estimation and/or sample size. Other pertinent information including assumptions in
the computation of income and profits and relative financial position of players in the value chain are
based on the results of the key informant interviews with key industry players. In cases where a
dearth of data is encountered, responses from the key informants are used. The data outside of the
country are only those that can be accessed and available depending on the producing country. Other
data/information were sourced from the web.
228 B U R E A U O F F I S H E R I E S A N D A Q U A T I C R E S O U R 22
CES
SECTION 2. OVERVIEW OF THE INDUSTRY
A. Product Description
Shrimps are either consumed in fresh or processed form. Fresh shrimps are technically those which
are sourced directly from farms without undergoing any other processing except for a very minimal
application of ice to keep it fresh. These are consumed locally.
Figure 2. Fresh Shrimps: P. monodon and P. vannamei
Source: BFAR-NSPP
Processed shrimps are mainly frozen, head-on or headless, and unshelled or shelled. It may or may
not have its tail and/or its veins removed and may or may not be cooked. The country sells and
exports processed shrimp in the following forms: head-on (HON); headless, shell-on (HLSON);
peeled, deveined, tail on (PDTO); peeled, deveined (PD) and nobashi (PDTO, stretched).
Head-on and headless, shell-on shrimp usually are the bigger sized shrimps sold as frozen block or
semi-individual quick frozen (IQF). HLSON are popular among high-end restaurants since the shells
are conducive to a string of cooking methods and styles. Shells act as a protective barrier while
grilling. It also adds to the flavor of the shrimp at the time of sautéing. Peeled shrimps on the other
hand have the most demand in restaurants and food service. This comes with different forms such as
undeveined, deveined, deveined tail-on, undeveined and tail-on. Aside from the common forms
mentioned, there is also a shrimp form called Nobashi. These are the peeled, deveined, tail-on and
stretched shrimp. This shrimp form is mainly marketed in Japan and mostly used for tempura.
Shown in Table 5 and Figure 3 are the different shrimps and shrimps product forms and its
corresponding description.
23

Table 5. Shrimps and Shrimp Product Forms and Description
Product Form
Description
Head-on (HON) and ● All-sized shrimps

Headless Shell-on (HLSO) ● P. vannamei or Black Tiger
EZ peeled (shell split and vein removed) ● Sold as live, fresh or frozen
● Frozen block, semi-individual quick frozen
(IQF) or IQF
● Big size black tiger shrimp’s market are mainly
high-end restaurants
● P. vannamei’s are sold to all levels of markets
since they are more affordable
Peeled shrimps: ● Local and export trade

PUD – Peeled Undeveined ● Sold in restaurants, food service and retail
PD – Peeled and Deveined markets
PDTO – Peeled Deveined Tail-on ● High volume requirements in restaurants and
PTO – Peeled Tail-on Skewered food service
shrimp/undeveined ● Preferred by market in IQF form with small
trade as block
● Export in glossy roto-gravure printed nylon or
polyester bags
● Retail packed for supermarkets (local usually
with rider)
● Bigger packs for food service
● Sold as raw or cooked
Nobashi ● PDTO stretched

● Common sizes: 11g, 13g, 15g, and 18g
● High volume requirements in Japanese and
eat-all-you-can restaurants
• Available also in supermarkets
Source: INTAQ Food Inc., 9th Philippine Shrimp Congress, Bacolod City, July 3, 2014 and key players
24

Figure 3. Shrimp Product Forms
Source: BFAR-NSPP
Other shrimp products which underwent secondary processing that are available in the market
include: pasteurized bottled sautéed shrimp and shrimp powder, among others which can come from
other shrimp species such as the acetes or alamang (Figure 4). Though the scope of this VCA report
focuses mainly on the P. monodon and P. vannamei, these are presented here for discussion purposes.
Figure 4. Other Processed Shrimp Product Forms

25

B. Supply Analysis
1. World Shrimp Supply

According to the FAO in 2019, world shrimp production was pegged at 6.41 million tons. China being
the lead producer for the last 10 years, contributed around 30% of the total world shrimp production
in 2019. Accordingly, the Philippines ranked 8th as world producer and ranked 4th in Southeast Asia.
As presented in Figure 5 and Table 6, world production trends change for the past years except for
China being constant top producer. In 2009, Thailand and Vietnam were among the top 3 together
with China. Recently, however, Vietnam and Thailand plummeted to top 4 and top 6, respectively.
While India, Indonesia, and Ecuador made it to the top 2, 3 and 5, accordingly. The Philippines
remained amongst the top 10 producers of shrimp and prawn.
Very notable in the trend is the performance of Saudi Arabia. While it only started to record
production in 2014, it immediately made its way into the top 10 and it even managed to surpass the
production levels of Brazil, Malaysia, Myanmar and Peru starting in 2018. Saudi Arabia pulled an
impressive steady production growth since 2014, growing at an average of 37% per annum.
Fluctuations in production in many countries can be associated with arising problems like emerging
diseases. For instance, when Asia experienced an outbreak of disease, Ecuador had the opportunity
to outplace Thailand with Ecuador being able to maintain its increasing trend in shrimp production.
Decline in Thailand’s shrimp production is due to the emergence of Early Mortality Syndrome (EMS)
in 2012. Its recovery from the outbreak was in 2014 until 20165.
Figure 5. World Shrimp (P. monodon and P. vannamei) Production in MT, 2010-2019
2,000,000
1,500,000
1,000,000
2019
500,000 2016
2013
-
2010
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Source of basic data: FAO estimates (Retrieved as of June 29, 2021)
5 Source: Global Aquaculture Alliance, October 22, 2018

26

Table 6. World Shrimp Production (P. monodon and P. vannamei) Production in MT, Ranking of
Countries & 2019 Percent Share to Production, 2010-2019
R
a % Share
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
n (2019)
k
1 China 1,238,5 1,316,0 1,421,6 1,407,8 1,544,5 1,591,9 1,700,5 1,747,5 1,835,6 1,899,6 29.66%
46 09 23 78 61 01 32 14 97 16
2 India 14.89%
155,531 444,607 451,753 465,958 581,242 697,585 718,748 851,363 873,154 953,500
3 Indonesia 14.33%
360,416 398,994 382,933 582,270 606,395 571,193 657,397 908,256 899,313 917,885
4 Viet Nam 13.08%
311,852 334,893 312,212 422,709 592,970 590,368 624,087 701,959 765,000 838,000
5 Ecuador 10.63%
223,313 260,256 281,356 304,000 340,000 403,000 422,000 460,762 560,000 680,822
6 Thailand 5.98%
568,374 611,164 610,357 325,511 280,159 294,381 327,240 359,757 374,430 383,328
7 Mexico 2.80%
105,064 112,563 101,207 68,604 97,808 139,198 139,932 159,839 171,506 179,269
8 Philippines 1.03%
54,024 52,546 54,548 57,800 56,114 58,904 60,075 60,693 58,022 65,809
9 Bangladesh 0.99%
43,154 56,569 57,785 68,948 71,430 75,274 68,217 68,272 61,709 63,171
1
Saudi Arabia 0.95%
0 - - - - 12,980 17,295 24,055 39,200 56,100 60,800
1
Brazil 0.85%
1 69,422 69,266 75,000 64,678 65,028 70,521 52,127 41,078 45,750 54,336
1
Malaysia 0.83%
2 87,202 67,472 55,569 49,957 61,386 52,570 43,248 45,781 45,913 53,400
1
Myanmar 0.81%
3 46,105 51,207 52,693 52,000 40,000 49,891 54,179 55,310 19,042 51,796
1
Peru 0.68%
4 13,598 16,379 17,801 17,883 21,484 22,183 20,441 27,492 29,717 43,481
1
Others 2.50%
5 119,082 135,408 146,701 149,487 159,853 133,723 137,572 149,364 154,831 160,120
Total 3,395,6 3,927,3 4,021,5 4,037,6 4,531,4 4,767,9 5,049,8 5,676,6 5,950,1 6,405,3 100.00%
83 33 39 83 08 87 50 39 85 32
Source: FAO Estimates (Retrieved as of June 29, 2021)
2. Domestic Shrimp Supply
Local Production
Tables 7 and 8 show the Philippine shrimp production volume and value during the last five (5) years,
respectively. During the same period, 83% of total national shrimp production volume and 95% in
terms of total value are coming from the aquaculture sector on the average.
27

Table 7. Philippine Shrimp Production Volume in MT, 2015-2020
Table 8. Philippine Shrimp Production Value in Billion Php, 2015-2020
28

For 2020 alone, total production volume coming from both aquaculture and inland municipal
fisheries was recorded at 76,908.68 metric tons of which 83% were from the aquaculture sector and
17% from inland fisheries as shown in Figure 6.
Figure 6. Total Shrimp Production in Percent Share by Sector, 2020
INLAND
MUNICIPAL
SHRIMPS
17%
AQUA SHRIMPS
83%
Shrimp species included in the aquaculture fisheries are Giant Tiger Shrimp (P. monodon) also known
as “Sugpo”, Pacific White Shrimp (P. vannamei) also known as “Suati”, Endeavor shrimp (Metapenaus
endeavouri), White Shrimp (Penaeus merguiensis) and Freshwater Shrimp (Macrobrachium
rosenbergii) known as “Ulang”. Whereas, inland fisheries include Freshwater Shrimp (Hipon), Tiger
Shrimp (Sugpo), White Shrimp (Hipon Puti), Endeavor Shrimp (Suahe), and Acetes (Alamang). It
must be noted though that the scope of this VCA focuses on P. monodon and P. vanamei as previously
explained in Section 3.A.
In 2020, shrimp production in aquaculture is dominated by P. monodon and P. vannamei comprising

66% and 32% of the total production, respectively, as seen in Figure 7.
29

Figure 7. Aquaculture Shrimp Production Volume (in MT) per Species, 2020
The percent share of shrimps to total aquaculture production constantly hovers around 2-3% from
2016 to 2020 with an annual average share of 2.75% during the said 5-years period (Figure 8). The
highest percentage (2.81%) is observed in 2019. While, the lowest share with 2.59% are during 2015
and 2018.
Figure 8. Percent Share of Shrimp in Aquaculture Production, 2015-2019
Regional Performance
Generally, there is an increasing trend of shrimp aquaculture production in the last 20 years as shown
in Figure 9. Central Luzon is the major shrimp producer in the country, followed by Northern
Mindanao and Western Visayas. Successful culture of P. vannamei in SOCCSKSARGEN and Central
Visayas attributes to their increase of production in the last five (5) years which surpassed the
production of Western Visayas from 2017-2020.
30

Figure 9. Aquaculture: Volume of Shrimp Production per Region, 2000-2020
AQUACULTURE VOLUME OF SHRIMP PRODUCTION PER

REGION, 2000-2020
70,000.00
60,000.00
50,000.00
40,000.00
30,000.00
20,000.00
10,000.00
-
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 20092010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Central Luzon Northern Mindanao SOCCSKSARGEN Central Visayas

Cagayan Valley Bicol Region Western Visayas Ilocos Region
CALABARZON Davao Region Zamboanga Peninsula Caraga
ARMM MIMAROPA Eastern Visayas NCR
As discussed in the previous sub-section, diseases are the major issues concerning the shrimp
industry worldwide. The decrease in P. monodon production in 2002 was due to the non-utilization
of ponds in Pampanga, Bataan, Lanao del Norte, and Zamboanga. Poor quality of post larvae and high
mortality rate also attributed to the decline of the production (PSA Fisheries Situation Report,
January-December 2002). Starting in the last quarter of 2002 to 2004, mass mortalities due to WSSV
had been frequently reported in all major shrimp producing regions in the Philippines (Dela Pena
2004).
The notable production increase starting 2007 can be attributed to the addition of P. vannamei since
the approval of its culture in 2007 through FAO 225. It was only in 2010, however, when P. vannamei
is reflected in the PSA data.
The EMS was detected in 2014 which caused a minimal decline in production. In 2017, EHP has been
first detected in grow-out farms in Negros Occidental. In 2018 it was also detected in other shrimp
producing region. Although the EHP does not cause mortality, this pathogen is associated with
growth retardation which leads to increase size variation and therefore high feed conversion and
economic loses. It was also observed that there is a so-called mixed infection of disease with either
white spot disease (WSD) and Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Diesease (AHPND), WSD, and
Hepatopancreatic Microsporidiosis (HPM), AHPND, and HPM, or worst the combination of these
three economically important diseases. Despite the presence of diseases, there is an increasing trend
31

in production since famers implementation of biosecurity protocols as well as GAqP and continued
adaption of new technologies to improve production and mitigate the effect of the disease and to live
to what they call “the new normal” ̶ to live with the disease.
P. monodon production slightly dropped from 2017 to 2020 as shown in Figure 10. The declining
trend can be attributed to the occurrence of diseases, specifically WSSV. The major producing regions
for the last ten (10) years are Regions III (Central Luzon) and X (Northern Mindanao).
Figure 10. P. monodon Production Volume Trend in MT, 2010-2020
In 2020, the top five producing provinces for P. monodon already contributed the lion share of
89.48% to total national production of the same species. As shown in Figure 11, topping the list are
Pampanga (50.40%), Lanao del Norte (29.52%), Camarines Norte (4.15%), Pangasinan (2.72%), and
Misamis Occidental (2.66%).
32

Figure 11. Top Producing Provinces of P. monodon, 2020
In contrast to the decreasing production trend of P. monodon, P. vannamei production is increasing

for the last ten (10) years as shown in Figure 12. This is due to the expansion of P. vannamei farms
especially in SOCCSKSARGEN and Central Visayas. Major producers are Region XII (SOCCSKSARGEN),
followed by Region VII (Central Visayas), and Region III (Central Luzon).
Figure 12. P. vannamei Production Volume Trend in MT, 2010-2020

33

For 2020, as indicated in Figure 10.2, the top five P. vanamei producing provinces are: Sarangani
(22.15%); Cebu (11.37%); Zambales (10.51%); Cagayan Province (9.81%); and, Bohol (8.10%). The
rest of the remaining producing provinces accounted for the remaining 61.94% suggesting a more
even contribution.
Figure 13. Top Producing Provinces of P. vannamei, 2020
Growth Rates
Figures 14 summarizes the annual growth rate (AGR) and average annual growth rate (AAGR) of the
Philippine shrimp industry during the last two (2) decades. AAGR during the same period is pegged
at 2.4%.
34

Figure 14. Production Volume, AGR & AAGR for Total Aquaculture P. monodon and P. vannamei,
2000-2020
In Figure 15, it can be seen that P. monodon’s AGR has been characterized by a boom-bust pattern
and mostly negative AGR during the last decade. Such that if the 2008 growth is removed since as
shared by the stakeholders this surge is likely to be largely attributed to the introduction of P.
vannamei but are not yet recorded separately, P. monodon’s AAGR hit -6.95%. This is because while
the P. vanname is officially introduced in the country in 2007 by virtue of the BFAR-FAO 225,
production data recording for P. vannamei by the PSA only started in 2010.
35

Figure 15. Production Volume, AGR & AAGR for P. monodon, 2000-2020
During the 21 June 2021 validation activity, some traders and stakeholders raised their concern on
the veracity of the data from PSA especially on the production for P. monodon. These stakeholders
cited that the around 40,000 MT annual production is bloated as traders have been only handling
around 2,000 MT annually. Furthermore, they mentioned that some monodon farms have already
shifted to vannamei culture but are still recorded as monodon in the PSA data. This concern is
important as it has implication in the targeting later specifically in the Industry Roadmap.
For P. vannamei, in Figure 16, it fared relatively well in terms of its AGR during the last comparison.
It only suffered a big blow in 2018 when the HPM disease hit Negros Occidental in the same year. Its
AAGR during the last decade is pegged at 17.18%.
36

Figure 16. Production Volume, AGR & AAGR for P. vannamei, 2000-2020
Existing and Potential Areas for Expansion
While the AAGR for the number of P. monodon grow-out farms during the last five years is marked at
44%, the expansion in terms of hectarage during the same period only showed an AAGR of 30%
(Table 9). Region X remains to have the largest grow-out farm areas during the entire period
contributing 26% to total area in 2020. Region III came in close with 25% share.
Table 9. Cumulative Area (hectares) of Registered and Accredited P. monodon Grow-out Farms,
2016-2020
% Share
Region 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
(2020)
I 0.00 0.00 0.00 69.20 105.24 1.79%
II 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00%
III 0.00 669.50 0.00 1,471.80 1,488.10 25.24%
IV-A 0.00 8.00 669.50 8.00 2.00 0.03%
IV-B 159.30 453.02 8.00 696.66 696.66 11.82%
V 122.3 443.65 481.8 578.25 578.25 9.81%
VI 14 0 0 0 0 0.00%
VII 0 161 0 306.34 306.34 5.20%
VIII 119.8 119.8 161 129.8 129.8 2.20%
IX 636.5 636.5 129.8 799.3 799.3 13.56%
X 1,104.9 1,228.4 833.5 1,532.8 1,550.75 26.30%
XI 0 0 0 0 0 0.00%
XII 0 0 0 0 0 0.00%
XIII 78.35 78.35 0 211.76 213.76 3.63%
37

% Share
Region 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
(2020)
ARMM 0 14 99.42 25.5 25.5 0.43%
TOTAL 2,235.2 3,812.2 2,383.02 5,829.4 5,895.7
AGR 70.55% 6.37% 43.76% 1.14% AAGR: 30.45%
Source: BFAR-NSPP
The AAGR for P. vannamei registered and accredited grow-out farms in terms of area from 2016 to
2020 is recorded at 31.22% (Table 10). This is very close to P. monodon’s 30.45%. What is notable
here is the -25.92% growth in 2020 brought about by the -94% and -45% decline in areas of Regions’
XI & XII, respectively.
The biggest registered and accredited grow-out farms for P. vannamei are currently located in
Regions III, IV-B, I, VII and XII.
Table 10. Cumulative Area (hectares) of Registered and Accredited P. vannamei Grow-out Farms,
2016-2020
% Share
Region 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
(2020)
I 93.40 93.40 120.40 481.32 858.95 15.19%
II 180.47 180.47 86.72 86.72 86.72 1.53%
III 40.76 40.76 43.37 1,091.02 1,310.72 23.17%
IV-A 64.38 85.09 118.59 108.39 101.47 1.79%
IV-B 95.60 401.45 722.04 762.14 898.64 15.89%
V 4.00 8.00 4.00 7.00 7.00 0.12%
VI 343.10 454.06 454.06 465.24 465.24 8.23%
VII 159.67 241.50 275.46 552.15 768.02 13.58%
VIII 52.00 103.40 145.40 134.40 134.40 2.38%
IX 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 1.77%
X 18.00 27.60 17.50 19.10 12.10 0.21%
XI 182.27 87.57 154.10 2,529.06 142.03 2.51%
XII 1,112.07 1,162.12 1,182.80 1,188.12 657.71 11.63%
XIII 142.50 138.50 77.05 109.68 112.18 1.98%
ARMM - 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 0.02%
TOTAL 2,588.22 3,125.12 3,502.69 7,635.54 5,654.79
AGR 20.74% 12.08% 117.99% -25.94% AAGR: 31.22%
Source: BFAR-NSPP
There are still available potential areas for shrimp culture in the country currently pegged at 3,119.8
hectares, at the minimum, distributed across Regions VII (34.39%), IV-B (25.97%), VIII (23.24%),
Caraga (12.43%), Region X (3.72%), and II (0.25%). Table 11 shows the details of the identified areas
of BFAR-Regional Offices for shrimp farming expansion.
38

Table 11. Potential Areas for Expansion for Shrimp Culture, 2020
Municipality Province Area
Region 2
Buguey Cagayan 0.05
Sta. Teresita Cagayan 2.80
Claveria Cagayan 4.24
Aparri Cagayan 0.62
Total 7.71
IV-B (MIMAROPA)
Mogpog Marinduque 21.96
Sta. Cruz Marinduque 106.7
Calapan Oriental Mindoro 298.9
Mansalay Oriental Mindoro 21
Naujan Oriental Mindoro 59.7
Bataraza Palawan 8
Puerto Princesa Palawan 2
Quezon Palawan 264.2
Sofronio Española Palawan 27.75
Total 810.21
Region 7
Bais City Negros Oriental 35
Tanjay City Negros Oriental 8
Amlan Negros Oriental 10
Sta Catalina Negros Oriental 40
Ayungon Negros Oriental 25
Loon Bohol 50
Calape Bohol 100
Tubigon Bohol 50
Inabanga Bohol 100
Buenavista Bohol 30
Getafe Bohol 50
Talibon Bohol 100
Trinidad Bohol 100
Bien Unido Bohol 50
Ubay Bohol 75
CPG Bohol 50
Mabini Bohol 100
39

Candijay Bohol 100
Total 1,073.00
Region 8
Merida Leyte 20.9
Leyte Leyte 342.1
Abuyog Leyte 6.2
Babatngon Leyte 71.4
Barugo Leyte 60.64
Baybay Leyte 36
Carigara Leyte 35.64
Hilongos Leyte 23
Hindang Leyte 56
Inopacan Leyte 3
Matalom Leyte 41
Merida Leyte 2.7
Tabango Leyte 25
Tanuan Leyte 1.5
Total 725.08
Region 10
Baliangao Misamis Occidental 16
Plaridel Misamis Occidental 10
Lopez Jaena Misamis Occidental 10
Oroquieta Misamis Occidental 2
Panaon Misamis Occidental 5
Sinacaban Misamis Occidental 9
Tudela Misamis Occidental 4
Ozamiz Misamis Occidental 8
Kapatagan Lanao del Norte 6.3
Lala Lanao del Norte 32
Baroy Lanao del Norte 3.0
Tubod Lanao del Norte 0.7
Kolambugan Lanao del Norte 10
Total 116.00
Caraga
Placer Surigao del Norte 10.5
Gigaquit Surigao del Norte 58.5
Taganaan Surigao del Norte 54.2
40

Surigao City Surigao del Norte 83
Bayabas Surigao del Sur 5
Cantillan Surigao del Sur 21.9
Lingig Surigao del Sur 23.6
Masao Agusan del Norte 17.3
Lower Banza Agusan del Norte 49.6
Manapa Agusan del Norte 59.1
Matabao Agusan del Norte 5.1
Total 387.80
Over-all Total 3,119.80
Source: BFAR-NSPP
Import Supply
Philippine shrimp imports are likewise discussed under this Supply Analysis sub-section as import
is also a source of supply in addition to local production. During the last decade, Philippine shrimp
imports have been mostly on the rise averaging at 2.91% and 19.95% in terms of volume and value,
respectively. The biggest decline was recorded in 2020, understandably as the entire world is
suffering from a pandemic where logistics was a very huge challenge specifically during the first few
months and there was likewise a considerable reduction in demand. It can also be noted that imports
during the last decade is within the range of 2,000-5,000 MT per year.
Table 12. Import Data of Shrimp in the Philippines, Volume and Value, 2010-2020
Year Volume (in MT) AGR Value (in USD) AGR
2010 2,207.26 3,655,756.00
2011 2,442.79 10.67% 7,952,451.00 117.53%
2012 3,123.95 27.88% 11,731,193.00 47.52%
2013 2,934.62 -6.06% 11,181,864.00 -4.68%
2014 3,323.20 13.24% 15,938,125.00 42.54%
2015 2,973.44 -10.52% 12,843,580.00 -19.42%
2016 3,554.92 19.56% 16,277,322.00 26.74%
2017 4,141.53 16.50% 22,986,532.00 41.22%
2018 5,207.30 25.73% 29,229,012.00 27.16%
2019 4,651.22 -10.68% 25,797,179.00 -11.74%
2020 2,264.85 -51.31% 9,862.46 -99.96%
Total 36,550.15 166,008,197.00
AAGR 3.50% 16.69%
41

Top import markets are China (50%) and Vietnam (46%) while the rest came from Indonesia, Korea,
Japan, Malaysia and Thailand (Figure 17).
Figure 17. Country of Origin of Shrimp and Prawn Imports, 2020

JAPAN MALAYSIA
INDONESIA
1% 0%
2%
THAILAND
0%
KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
1%
CHINA
50%
VIET NAM
46%
Source of basic data: BFAR-FIQD Processed by BFAR-NSPP
More than half, 59%, of the imported shrimps are of P. vannemei, while P. monodon only comprises a
meager 3% (Figure 18).
Figure 18. Shrimp and Prawn Imports, by Species, 2020

P. monodon
3%
others
38%
P.vannamei
59%
Most of the imported shrimps are either raw (51%) or peeled (36%) as seen in Figure 19.
42

Figure 19. Shrimp and Prawn Imports, by Product Form, 2020
NOBASHI EBI
4% 1%
OTHER
6%
HOSO
2%
RAW
51%
PEELED
36%
C. Environment
Climate change can affect the ability to achieve good productivity and aquaculture development. For
example, increased in temperature can affect productivity both positively (higher winter
temperature) and negatively (extreme pond temperatures).
Climate changes are already being recorded such as more frequent and stringer typhoons, long dry
spell resulting to droughts, frequent heavy rains resulting to severe flooding are some of the
phenomena that are linked to climate change. These changes are projects to impact broadly across
ecosystems and economies, increasing pressures on all livelihood and food supply chains, including
those in the fisheries and aquaculture sector.
Climate change is a compounding threat to the sustainability of aquaculture development. Impacts

occur as a result of gradual warming, the increasing acidity of the oceans and associated physical and
chemical changes as well as from frequency, intensity and location of extreme climatic events. How
these changes affect that aquaculture organisms in general, the different aquaculture systems and
structures, the various support systems to aquaculture operations, and to the fish farmers, are largely
unknown.
Climate change adaptation measures need to be developed so that farmers can cope with the
increasing climate change impacts.
Here are some potential mitigation measures that are recommended in adapting the climate change
for shrimp farming.
1. Strengthen and increase the height of pond dykes.
2. Follow existing better management practices for shrimp aquaculture.
43

3. Use of electricity for water pumping and providing aeration during weather disturbance
situations.
4. Collecting planning by the farmers group to mitigate the impact of climate change.
Shrimp culture, like other aquaculture and agriculture enterprises, requires natural resources. Such
enterprises may bring large profits, but if badly planned and managed, may cause irreversible
environmental damage, lost opportunities, and rehabilitation costs that can easily lead to net
economic loss. Its growth has contributed significantly to mangrove destruction. In the Philippines
most of the brackish water ponds were constructed in mangrove areas.
Other significant environmental problems resulting from intensive farming include organic matter
overloading, nutrient enrichment and eutrophication, chemical toxicity, development of antibiotic
resistance, displacement of native species, and the spread of disease through species introductions,
soil and water salinization, and land subsidence.
Table 13. Causes, Effects and Mitigating Actions Related to Environmental Impact of Shrimp
Aquaculture
CAUSE EFFECT MITIGATING ACTION(S)
During siting of Loss of habitats and nursery Siting in area adequate considering the
shrimp ponds areas; coastal erosion; topography, tidal regimen, residence time
Wetland reduced catch yields of of water, size of the water body and
destruction commercially important capacity to assimilate effluents; including
(mangrove and species; acidification; and buffer zones separating shrimp farms from
salt marshes) alteration of water drainage each other; acceptable balance of
patterns mangroves and shrimp pond area and/or
buffer ponds and shrimp pond area
Conversion of Saline soil production and Require socio-economic justification and

agricultural land alteration of water drainage consider the water drainage pattern
(rice fields and pattern
orchards)
Conversion of salt- Alteration of water drainage Consider the ecological role of these
flats pattern ecosystems and the water drainage pattern
During operation Decline in the wild shrimp Hatchery post larvae: define specific areas
of shrimp ponds stocks and biodiversity; and regulate wild fry by catch
Wild fry bycatch reduced catch yields of
commercially important
species
Discharge of Water quality deterioration Polyculture including fish, mollusks,

shrimp pond in the receiving water mangroves, halophytes, Artemia; reduction
effluents (oxygen depletion, light of water r zero exchange rates; use of
reduction, and changes in oxidation-sedimentation ponds; improving
benthic macro fauna) the delivering and composition of the feed
eutrophication
44

CAUSE EFFECT MITIGATING ACTION(S)
Escape of "Biological pollution" of wild Optimize management and include new
aquaculture populations technology
stocks
Release and Disease outbreaks, infection Good water quality and lower stocking
spread of diseases in the wild populations densities; environmental control; high
health seed and disease control (good feed
with the use of prophylactic)
Discharge of Drug resistance among Chemicals used should be safe; apply

chemical pathogens and unknown effective anti0bacterials and prevent
substances effects on non-target discharge of effluents with toxic levels into
organisms adjacent water bodies
Salt water Contamination of ground Avoid pumping of groundwater to shrimp

intrusion water aquifers ponds; reduce or avoid the use of fresh
water; use pond liners
Sediment disposal Release of nutrients, organic Use pond liners and probiotics utilize
matter and chemical sediment discarding areas; to spread the
substances dry sediment back over the areas of the
bottom pond; to collect shrimp pond sludge
and use to mangrove planting
Excessive water Competition with other Reduced or zero exchange rate

use users for water
Use to halophyte and/or restore to
Abandoned Competition with other mangrove plantings; rehabilitation for
shrimp farms users for space shrimp ponds or to buffer ponds
Source: Impact of Shrimp Aquaculture p.133
Table 14. Major Issues and Impacts of Shrimp Farming and Better Management Guidelines
ISSUE AND IMPACTS BETTER MANAGEMENT GUIDELINES
Construction of ponds, embankments, canals Position new shrimp farms outside mangrove
and infrastructure can lead to loss of mangrove habitats. Minimize disturbance of acid-
habitat, productivity, biodiversity and sulphate soils. Use pond liners. Canals and
ecological functions such as coastal protection infrastructure located so do not effect
and lead to coastal erosion, saltwater intrusion hydrology. Farm design retains buffer zones
and interference with hydrology. Potentially between farms and other users and practices
acid sulphate soils when excavated oxidize and minimize erosion and salinization. Extensive
can lead to excessively acid conditions which farms intensify or diversity. Reuse or
45

are harmful for shrimp and other species can rehabilitate abandoned shrimp farms by
can lead to pond abandonment. establishing hydrology.
Dredging and deposition of sediment from Allocate area for treatment of pond bottom
pond bottoms and construction can lead to solid waste by sun drying and oxidation e.g.
changes in hydrology and excessive use aerated settlement ponds to settle solids.
sedimentation.
Fishmeal or wild fish fed to shrimp is 2-3 times Minimize feed loss through better feeding
as much as weight of shrimp produced leading strategies. Use of formulated feeds with less
to depletion of fish stocks. Feed is not fishmeal. Promote pond productivity to
efficiently utilized and effluent waters produce shrimp feed. Use filter feeders such as
evacuated from ponds are loaded with organic mussels and seaweeds to absorb nutrients in
matter and nutrients such as nitrogen and discharge channels. Create incentives for waste
phosphorous due to leftover feed which can treatment and bio filtration. Establish
cause eutrophication. standards for effluent treatment.
Fertilizers are used to stimulate plankton Ensure food safety and quality of shrimp
growth on which the shrimp feed. Lime is products, while reducing the risks to
added to adjust acidity of water. Other ecosystems and human health from chemical
chemicals such as formalin and chlorine are use with legislation and enforcement for
used to kill pathogens. Antibiotics and other chemicals and drugs use. For example, some
medicines are added to water and feed as chemicals and drugs have been banned and
prophylactics. Some of these chemicals and used of antibiotics banned for prophylactic use
medicines have toxic effects to non-target and must be administered as last resort under
aquatic species and health issues to human strict guidelines. Development and use of
consumers. vaccines.
High volumes of clean water may be required Minimize use of ground freshwater. Use
to flush the system or reduce salinity. If appropriate wastewater treatments with low
freshwater is drawn from aquifers it can water exchange strategies such as closed or
reduce supply of potable, agriculture and other semi-closed systems. Develop water quality
industrial water. In some countries this has and quantity standards. Create incentives to
resulted in aquifers being drained, salinization reuse water.
of soil and groundwater and subsidence.
Wild post-larvae and broodstock are often Use of good quality hatchery produced post-
required to stock shrimp ponds and the larvae. Use of local species or domesticated
capture of post-larvae kills a large by-catch of stocks to enhance health and performance.
other species. Hatchery post-larvae may cause Quarantine and acclimatize before release into
spread of diseases and escapes of introduced pond. Take precautions to prevent escapes.
46

non-native species can cause genetic pollution
and perhaps viability of wild populations.
Restricted access mangroves and reductions in Local people should participate in planning
mangroves resources used by local people can and implementation of shrimp farming. Farm
lead to the loss of livelihood, food security, operations should minimize impacts on
marginalization and social conflicts. resources. Tenure to land resources. Ensure
health, safety, rights and welfare.
Source: Ashton 2008.shrimpmangrove (www.cababstractsplus.org/cabreviews )(p.6)
SECTION 3. NATURE AND STRUCTURE OF THE INDUSTRY
A. Value Chain Mapping
Value Chain Maps
This industry roadmap covers two (chains), one for fresh shrimp and one for processed shrimp with
focus on the two major shrimp species covered the P. monodon and P. vannamei.
Shrimps and shrimp products undergo a series of transformations before the final product reaches
the consumers and its value increases in each stage of production. The value chain for shrimp starts
with input provision and ends with final sale which involves various players such as input providers,
grow-out farmer operators, traders/exporters and processors. These actors or players may be
playing a single role in each segment of the chain or maybe performing several roles as they are
vertically integrated.
Fresh Shrimps
About 92% of total shrimp production in the country are sold locally in its fresh form. Figure 20
describes the VC map specific for fresh shrimps. In this chain, the freshly harvested shrimps are being
traded directly in the local markets without undergoing additional value adding process.
There are three sub-chains here. The first sub-chain involves hatchery and farm owners who
themselves produce their own inputs and sell their harvest directly to the local market and
institutional buyers at the same time.
The second sub-chain involves shrimp growers who source their inputs from input suppliers and
whose harvest are forwarded to major buyers, traders and or brokers including in the consignaciones
before reaching the local market.
47

The third sub-chain depicts shrimp farmers who source their inputs from input suppliers but sell
directly their produce to the local market.
Figure 20. Value Chain Map for Fresh Shrimp
48

Processed Shrimp
The remaining 8% of total national production of P. vannamei and P. monodon are processed for both
the local and international markets. The processed shrimp VC has two (2) sub-chains as well.
The VC maps in Figure 21 portraits the flow in the chain for processed shrimps where traders play
an intermediary role between farmers and processors. In this case, processors do not directly source
their raw materials from farms but from traders. Additional enablers are likewise included,
specifically those that have a crucial role in the processing segment.
Figure 22, on the other hand, shows the other sub-chain where the processors source their raw
materials directly from the farms. The role of the traders, both local and international exporters, this
time is in selling the processed products to the domestic and/or local market.
50

Figure 21. Value Chain Map for Processed Shrimp (with traders in between farmers and
processors)
51

Figure 22. Value Chain Map for Processed Shrimp (sourced directly from farms)
52

Domestic Geographic Flow of Fresh/Chilled/ Frozen Shrimps:
Based on the Local Transport Permit (LTP) issued by BFAR in 2019, Figures 23-36 illustrate the
geographic flow of fresh and processed shrimps inter and intra regionally. Again, it should be noted
that this geographic flow covers only the domestic flow. Flow for exports including export
destinations will be discussed under the Export Sub-section of this VCA report.
All regions are represented here expect for the Cordillera Autonomous Region (CAR) and National
Capital Region (NCR) being non-producing regions as well as the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region
for Muslim Mindanao (BARMM) due to non-availability of data.
All of Region I’s shrimp produce were all sold in fresh form with a whooping 94% consumed within
the region with more than half being disposed through the wet markets (Figure 23). The remainder
was sold in the neighboring regions of III, CAR, and II.
Figure 23. Domestic Geographic Flow of Fresh and Processed Shrimps: Region I, 2019
Source of basic data: BFAR Region I
Region II’s total shrimp produce was likewise sold in fresh form with 64% being consumed within
the region and the remaining 36% were brought to the NCR and Region I (Figure 24).
For Region III, 90% of total fresh shrimp produce were sold outside the region particularly to NCR
and only 10% was consumed within the region (Figure 25).
53

Figure 24. Domestic Geographic Flow of Fresh and Processed Shrimps: Region II, 2019
Source of basic data: BFAR Region II
Figure 25. Domestic Geographic Flow of Fresh and Processed Shrimps: Region III, 2019
Source of basic data: BFAR Region III

54

In the case of Region IV-A, still all of its shrimp produce were sold in fresh form with about 70% total
fresh shrimps delivered and sold to Regions III and the NCR (Figure 26).
Figure 26. Domestic Geographic Flow of Fresh and Processed Shrimps: Region IV-A, 2019
Source of basic data: BFAR Region IV-A
For Region IV-B, the greater majority (77%) of total fresh shrimps were consumed within the region
while the remaining 23% was captured by the NCR market (Figure 27).
Figure 27. Domestic Geographic Flow of Fresh and Processed Shrimps: Region IV-B, 2019
Source of basic data: BFAR Region IV-B

55

Shrimp produce in Region V were all sold in fresh form with 83% largely consumed within the region
(Figure 28). Only 17% were sold in the NCR and Region IV-A.
Figure 28. Domestic Geographic Flow of Fresh and Processed Shrimps: Region V, 2019
Source of basic data: BFAR Region V
In Region VI, 88% of its total fresh shrimps were distributed to the NCR as well as Regions VII, III, IV-
B, XI and XII (Figure 29). The locals of the region consumed the remaining 12%.
Figure 29. Domestic Geographic Flow of Fresh and Processed Shrimps: Region VI, 2019
Source of basic data: BFAR Region VI

56

Region VII’s shrimp produce was sold either in fresh and processed form since the region has its own
processing facility (Figure 30). For the fresh form, 65% were sold to other regions while 35% were
retained and consumed within the region. For the processed form, the greater 98% were exported
while only a mere 2% was consumed within the region.
Figure 30. Domestic Geographic Flow of Fresh and Processed Shrimps: Region VII, 2019
Source of basic data: BFAR Region VII
There is no processing plant in Region VIII, thus, all of its shrimp harvest was sold in fresh form
(Figure 31). The Region retained about 66% of its total shrimp produce for consumption of its
residents. The remaining 34% were distributed and sold in the NCR.
57

Figure 31. Domestic Geographic Flow of Fresh and Processed Shrimps: Region VIII, 2019
Source of basic data: BFAR Region VIII
The Zamboanga Peninsula Region sold its shrimp produce either in fresh or processed forms (Figure
32). The region likewise exported 98% of its processed shrimps.
Figure 32. Domestic Geographic Flow of Fresh and Processed Shrimps: Region IX, 2019
Source of basic data: BFAR Region IX

58

Region X likewise sold shrimps in either fresh or processed form. For the processed form, 100% were
exported (Figure 33). For the fresh form, only 40% were sold within the region and the bigger 60%
were sold and transported to the NCR, Region VII and Region XI.
Figure 33. Domestic Geographic Flow of Fresh and Processed Shrimps: Region X, 2019
Source of basic data: BFAR Region X
For Region XI, its shrimp produce is also sold in either fresh (82%) or processed (18%) form. In terms
of fresh form, 35% was consumed in the region and the remaining was widely spread among nine
regions as follows arranged from biggest to least share: NCR, Region III, Region VI, Region VII, Region
IX, Region XII, Region X, Region XIII (Caraga) and MIMAROPA (Figure 34), About 60% of its processed
shrimps were either exported or sold outside the region and the remaining 40% were marketed
within the region.
59

Figure 34. Domestic Geographic Flow of Fresh and Processed Shrimps: Region XI, 2019
Source of basic data: BFAR Region XI
Owing to the presence of processing facilities in Region XII, the region also sold both fresh (60%) and
processed (40%) shrimps (Figure 35). Its external markets for fresh shrimps include the NCR, Region
VII and Region XI. External market for processed shrimp products, these were sold in the export
market as well as in the NCR and Region VII.
60

Figure 35. Domestic Geographic Flow of Fresh and Processed Shrimps: Region XII, 2019
Source of basic data: BFAR Region XII
For the Caraga Region, all of its shrimp produce were sold in fresh form with 56% distributed to as
far as the NCR and Region VII (Figure 36).
Figure 36. Domestic Geographic Flow of Fresh and Processed Shrimps: Region XIII (Caraga),
2019
Source of basic data: BFAR Caraga Region

61

From the preceding figures, it can be noticed that wet markets are the biggest markets where fresh
shrimps are sold.
Still based on the 2019 LTP issued by BFAR, the bulk of shrimps in the country are transported to the
National Capital Region or NCR (Figure 37). These came from almost all shrimp producing regions in
the country led by Region VII and Region VI as shown in Figure 38.
Figure 37. Destination of Shrimp Products, 2019
Region II
CAR
Region IV-B
Destination
Region VI
Region IV-A
Region XIII
Region VIII
NCR
- 2,000,000 4,000,000 6,000,000 8,000,000 10,000,000 12,000,000 14,000,000 16,000,000
Quantity (kgs)
Source: BFAR based on 2019 LTP issuance
Figure 38. Origin of Shrimp Products Shipped to NCR, 2019
Region XI Region XIII Region II Region III Region IV-A

Region XII 9% 3% 8% 0%
10%
4% Region IV-B
Region IX 0%
0% Region V
Region X 2%
0%
Region VIII
5%
Region VI
33%
Region VII
26%
Source: BFAR based on 2019 LTP issuance

62

Commodity Map
a) Total
Show in Figure 39 is the national commodity map for both P. monodon and P. vannamei using 2020
data. Reflected in the commodity map are the combined production volume of both species –
the darker the color of a particular area, the bigger the production; white spots mean no
production recorded. The shrimp symbol signifies BFAR registered and/or certified farms of
both species covered in this study. A BFAR registered and/or certified hatchery is indicated by the
blue circular symbol. Chimneys represent processors which are solely dedicated for shrimps
and are likewise BFAR and EU approved. The truck represents BFAR registered shrimp trader
exporters but excludes those who are doing integrated roles in the VC.
Investment opportunities for the private sector as well as necessary interventions by the
competent authorities can be seen from the commodity map at a glance. For instance, it can be
noted that there are areas where there is recorded significant production and with registered
farms but has no registered hatcheries or even no non-registered hatchery nearby. This is
particularly true for instance in Ilocos Norte of Region 1; Cagayan Province of Region 2; Region
IV-B including that of Oriental Mindoro and Palawan; Bicol and Camarines Sur in Region V; the
Samar Provinces in Region 8; as well as provinces in the Caraga and Davao Regions. This could
mean additional expenses are incurred during transport and the quality of PL is sometimes
compromised whenever there are delays in flights and other logistics concerns.
Registered aquafeed manufacturers are mostly concentrated in the greater Luzon, a few in Visayas
and only one in Mindanao. While local traders abound, most trader exporters are in the NCR
and Region 3.
Details on the discussion of the number of players and the likes can be found in the Key Players
and Functions Sub-section in this report.
P. monodon
In Figure 40, it is apparent that some P. monodon producing provinces have no shrimp symbol. This
implies that shrimp farms in these areas are not yet registered and/or certified by BFAR such as
that of Cagayan Province, Panay Island, Surigao del Sur, Compostela Valley and Davao del Sur.
P. vannamei
For the P. vannamei commodity map in Figure 38, what is striking is that there are BFAR registered
and certified farms that do not register any production such as that of Nueva Vizcaya, Palawan,
Albay, Northern Samar, and Zamboanga Sibugay.
63

Figure 39. National Commodity Map for Shrimp, P. monodon and P. vannamie, 2020
Source of basic data: PSA (for production data), BFAR-NSPP (for registered and/or accredited farms,
nurseries, hatcheries, processors and traders), BAI (for feed manufacturers).
64

Figure 40. National Commodity Map for P. monodon (Production, Farms, and Hatcheries), 2020
Source: BFAR-NSPP
65

Figure 41. National Commodity Map for P. vannamei (Production, Farms and Hatcheries), 2020
Source: BFAR-NSPP
66

B. Key Functions and Players
1. Functions and Players: Local
The shrimp industry players are generally categorized into hatcheries and larval rearing facilities as
well as feed millers under input provision segment, grow-out farms under the production segment,
processors under the processing segment, and traders/ exporters under the marketing segment
(Figure 42).
Figure 42. The Philippine Shrimp Industry Structure
Notes:
1) Farms refer to BFAR registered and certified P. vannamei and P. monodon farms (Source: DA-BFAR-
NSPP 2020)
2) Hatcheries refer to BFAR registered and certified P. vannamei and P. monodon hatcheries and larval
rearing facilities (Source: DA-BFAR-NSPP 2020)
3) Feed manufacturers refer to registered Aqua Feeds Manufacturers (Source: Bureau of Animal
Industry or BAI)
4) Processors refer to BFAR approved and EU approved processing plants (Source: BFAR-DA-FIQD)
5) Traders refer to traders/ exporters without processing plants (Source: BFAR-DA-FIQD)
67

1. Input Provision
Inputs in shrimp production are postlarvae (PL), feeds, equipment, chemicals and supplements (i.e.,
probiotics). The use of inputs varies from one farm to another. Differences are brought about by
selected culture species and production systems employed.
i) Broodstock and Broodstock Facilities
Shrimp broodstocks are adult males or females used for breeding and production of nauplii.
Broodstocks are either Specific Pathogen Free (SPF) status or wild caught spawner for native P.
monodon. SPF broodstocks are imported from SPF broodstock facilities abroad, specifically from the
United States of America (USA) and Thailand.
According to Alday-Sanz (2019), an SPF animal can be defined as one coming from a population that
has tested negative for specific pathogens for at least two years (a surveillance program must be in
place), that is raised in highly biosecure facilities (i.e., with appropriate water treatment and an
enclosed environment) following biosecure management measures and has been fed with biosecure
feeds. These animals are free from specific pathogens but not necessarily free from all pathogens.
Specific Pathogen Resistant (SPR) are genetic characteristics of a shrimp, meaning resistant to
infection by a specific pathogen (this is a qualitative trait – they can either be infected or not). Specific
Pathogen Tolerant (SPT) means tolerant to a specific disease, such that the animal can be infected
but may not develop the disease or it may develop it to a lesser extent.
Following the successful experimental breeding by the BFAR of the Pacific White Shrimp, Penaeus
vannamei, at the National Integrated Fisheries Technology Development Center (NIFTDC) in Bonuan-
Binloc, Dagupan City and the culture of the fry produced therein in several accredited shrimp farms
in Luzon from 2005 to 2006, during which the species demonstrated high productivity, profitability
and low susceptibility to diseases, the existing ban on the import and culture of the said species as
imposed by the BFAR-FAO 207 series of 2001 is hereby lifted under certain specific conditions and
guidelines.
Sourcing of SPF vannamei broodstock abroad was made possible through BFAR-FAO No. 225 series
of 2007 which allows the importation of SPF/SPR P. vannamei broodstocks and culture of its
offspring. The implementing guidelines are BFAR-FAO 225-1 series of 2007 and amendments of some
provisions through FAO 225-2 and -3 series of 2008, and BFAR-FAO 231 series of 2009.
Importation of monodon, on the other hand, is guided by BFAR-FAO 230 series of 2009 with BFAR-
FAO 230-1 series of 2009 as its implementing guidelines.
As stipulated in the corresponding BFAR-FAOs, conditions for shrimp broodstock importation are as
follows:
1. All imports must be certified as SPF/SPR by the competent authority of the originating country;
2. Only shrimp hatcheries accredited by the BFAR shall be allowed to import SPF or SPR broodstock;
3. The importing accredited hatchery may transfer nauplii and other larval stages to another
similarly accredited hatchery for rearing into postlarvae provided such receiving accredited
hatchery has been pre-identified and has been accredited by BFAR; and,
4. Only shrimp farms accredited by the BFAR shall be allowed to culture SPF/SPR shrimp using
postlarvae coming from accredited hatcheries.
68

Native P. monodon Spawner
Gravid P. monodon as spawners are collected by fishermen from the wild and purchased by hatchery
operators for spawning. Region I sources its spawners from Masbate and Quezon; Region III from
Misamis Occidental, Leyte and Samar; Region IV-A from Sorsogon, Albay, and Camarines Norte;
Region V from Camarines Norte; Region VI from Capiz and Negros Occidental; Region VIII from Leyte
and Samar; Region IX from Zamboanga Peninsula; Region X from Misamis Occidental; and, Caraga
Region from Surigao del Sur.
Constraints
The problem with this dependency to wild caught spawner is that their disease status and genetic
lineage and performance are unknown. The catch and spawn scheme does not allow spawners to be
screened for diseases prior to spawning. This render effort to control introduction of diseases
challenging. The risk of introduction of bacterial and viral diseases to grow out farm from PL of
unscreened broodstock is very high, since wild animals are considered latent carriers of known and
unknown pathogens. Some shrimp diseases can be vertically transmitted as well. Stocking of infected
PL could lead to disease outbreak and mass mortality and will therefore jeopardize grow-out
production. Also, genetic improvement is not carried out by this practice because the offspring
produced is directly used for grow-out production. Finally, continued catching of spawners from the
wild may result in possible exploitation of the natural population.
SPF/SPR Broodstock Facilities
The broodstock to be imported must only come from SPF broodstock facilities originating from the
USA and any other country that can equal or surpass such standards of the USA and should be known
to have a capacity in producing broodstock that are SPF/SPR and must have well documented
breeding program of SPF/SPR shrimp.
The broodstock facility selected by the importer must have a minimum two (2) year diseases free
status as certified by competent authority from the country of origin. In addition, the broodstock
facility shall likewise submit its disease history for the period covering its commercial establishment
to the present.
To date, there are six (6) P. vannamei SPF Farms in the USA and one (1) in Thailand that are accredited
by BFAR as the country’s supplier of P vannamei broodstock. There is only one (1) SPF P. monodon
supplier from Hawaii, USA.
As shown in Figure 43, the country is importing more of the P. vannamei broodstocks over that of P.
monodon’s during the last decade.
69

Figure 43. Ten-Year Trend of Shrimp Broodstocks Importation (in pieces), 2011-2020
25000
20000
15000
10000
5000
0
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
P. monodon 0 0 275 420 528 658 390 280 436 315
P. vannamei 7076 5536 13875 7927 14510 16824 18355 14934 19680 13389
Source: BFAR-NSPP
Constraints
The availability of quality domesticated broodstock from breeding facilities overseas provides
opportunity to ensure the consistent supply of quality post larvae in the country. Broodstock
importers, however, used to raise concern on the high cost of imported broodstocks and the need for
purchases to be in bulk to be prioritized by suppliers. Possible emergence of unknown shrimp
diseases can also happen through broodstock importations.
ii) Hatcheries
Hatcheries technically include larval rearing facilities. Hence, hatcheries can be classified into two:
(a) hatcheries that maintain broodstock in a biosecure facility and produce seedstocks (PL) in
controlled environment; mostly privately-owned and accredited by the government; and, (b)
hatchery that rears nauplii to PL; most of the hatcheries are owned by the operators while others are
stand alone facilities.
Hatchery operations includes: a) sourcing and management of broodstock/ spawners; b) spawning,

hatching, and stocking of nauplii; c) larval and post larval rearing (includes feeds and water
management); d) natural food production; e) implementation of biosecurity measures; and f) harvest
and transport of PL.
Hatcheries are required to be registered/accredited by the government, specifically the DA-BFAR.

Accreditation is necessary considering the delicate nature of its operation and the need to regulate,
70

control, and monitor certain processes for the purpose of implementation of national biosecurity
measures thus managing the risk associated with importation of broodstock.
Larval Rearing Facilities
These are establishments that rear nauplii from registered/ accredited hatchery to post larval stage.
Most of the registered/ accredited larval rearing facilities are also owned by the hatchery operators
while others are stand alone facilities.
The BFAR-FAO 225-1 series of 2007 “Guidelines for the importation of Pacific white shrimp (P.
vannamei)” listed the minimum biosecurity standards for controlled hatchery facility for
accreditation as follows:
Water Treatment. – The water treatment system should ensure the provision of high-quality
water. The following protocol is prescribed.
a. Incoming water filtration - through sub-sand well points, sand and gravel filtration
units (by gravity or pressure) or filter bags and membrane filters.
b) Water disinfection - done through chlorination followed by disinfection using
ultraviolet lights and ozone after the final filtration.
c) Water conditioning - through the use of activated charcoal filters and Ethylene Diamine
Tera Acetic Acid (EDTA) to chelate remaining heavy metals impurities.
Effluent Water Treatment of Hatchery. – All water discharged from the hatchery should be
temporarily stored in a catching pond and treated with hypochlorite solution (>20 ppm active
chlorine for not less than 60 minutes) or other effective disinfectant prior to discharge.
Physical Isolation. – The different production facilities shall be physically isolated from one
another, specifically, maturation, spawning and hatching, larval and nursery rearing, indoor
and outdoor algal culture and live food production.
Aeration. – Air flow should be controlled between sections of the facility. Glass wool filters
should be installed in the main aeration line servicing all sections.
Sanitation and Disinfection:
a. Worker sanitation – washing/bathing routines.

b. Installation of foot baths and hand washing stations at entry into each separate
culture area (all entrance points).
c. Traffic flow control in sections within the facility – one way: entrance to exit areas.
d. Control movement of potential disease carriers near the testing area.
e. Disinfection of equipment and materials in multiple points of use
f. Restriction of visitors.
g. Control of entry of animals (dogs, cats, etc.)
The above standards may also apply to P. monodon hatcheries.
To run a successful hatchery facility the biosecurity standard operation and good aquaculture
practices (GAqP) should be properly implemented. This entails that a hatchery should have complete
71

facility and equipment and well-trained manpower for proper implementation of hatchery
operations.
Number and Location of Accredited Hatcheries
In 2020, there are a total of 90 shrimp hatcheries listed with BFAR, 48 of which are for P. monodon
and 42 for P. vannamei. These are mostly located in shrimp producing regions in the country, majority
in Regions III and VII for P. vannamei (Figure 44) and Regions IV-A and X for P. monodon (Figure 45).
Of the 90 shrimp hatcheries, 29 P. vannamei and 1 P. monodon facilities import SPF broodstock from
shrimp breeding facilities in Hawaii, USA and Thailand.
Figure 44. BFAR Registered and Accredited P. vannamei Hatcheries, Number and Location, 2020
Source: BFAR-NSPP
For the P. monodon registered hatcheries, there is only one (1) certified hatchery that imports SPF
broodstock. The rest of the registered hatcheries sourced their broodstocks locally or the so-called
“wild caught broodstocks”.
72

Figure 45. BFAR Registered and Accredited P. monodon Hatcheries, Number and Location, 2020
Source: BFAR-NSPP
Constraints Affecting Hatcheries
On top of the BFAR-registered hatcheries, there are still around 52 non-registered shrimp hatcheries
all over the country as of December 2020. This brings to a total of 141 hatcheries and larval rearing
facilities, 64% of which are BFAR-registered and accredited while 36% are not. The non-registration
of these hatcheries and larval rearing facilities poses a threat to the industry since the quality of PLs
can no longer be monitored and guaranteed. Among the reasons cited that lead to non-registration
and non-accreditation is the difficulty in complying with the minimum biosecurity standards.
Postlarvae
Stocking only the best quality shrimp PLs is critical to the success of any shrimp farm operation (Jory
2017). Strong, healthy, and pathogen-free PLs placed into a healthy environment have the best
chance of growing well, with higher survival rates, thereby giving good harvests and proﬁts. On the
other hand, low quality PLs will not perform well and potentially can place every shrimp in a pond at
risk (Kumar et al 2006).
Ideally, PLs should undergo and pass the fry quality screening prior to delivery and stocking to
nurseries/ grow-out ponds to ensure PL quality. The screening includes:
✓ Microscopic analysis (morphological age, body length, gut to muscle ratio and the condition
of hepatopancreas, gills, and appendages);
✓ Bacterial analysis (total Vibrio count, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and Luminous bacteria);
✓ Molecular analysis (polymerase chain reaction or PCR test for early detection of
economically important pathogen such as the White Spot Syndrome Virus or WSSV, Acute
Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease or VP-AHPND and Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei or EHP,); and,
73

✓ Stress tolerance test (Albaladejo and Usero, 2017).
These analyses are available at BFAR National and Regional Fish Health laboratories and BFAR
recognized laboratories such as Negros Prawn Producers’ Cooperative (NPPC) and SEAFDEC-AQD. It
is recommended to stock post larvae at PL12 stage for P. vannamei and PL 18 for P. monodon for at
these stages PL are more tolerant to stress during transport and stocking. It is also important to
source PL from reputable hatchery or larval rearing facilities.
Movement of Shrimp Postlarvae
The Fisheries General Memorandum Order (FGMO) 240 Series of 2003 prescribes the “Regulations
on Trans-boundary Movement of Shrimp Post larvae” while the FGMO 014 Series of 2004 stipulates
the “Guidelines for the implementation of Fisheries Memorandum Order 240: Regulations on Trans-
boundary Movement of Shrimp Postlarvae”. Prior to transporting post larvae shrimps, the hatchery
operators, brokers and traders are required to secure a health certificate to be presented to Fisheries
Quarantine Service Officers upon entry and exit on ports. These health certificates should be issued
by BFAR National Fisheries Laboratory Division (NFLD). Moreover, the BFAR-Fisheries Office Order
(FOO) 100 Series of 2015 deals on the Mandatory Screening of Shrimp (Larvae, Post-larvae, Juveniles,
Broodstock, and Spawner) for Transboundary Movement. This BFRA-FO Order requires Regional
Fish Health Laboratories and BFAR Shrimp Disease Diagnostic Units to conduct screening using the
World Animal Health Organization (OIE) standard.
Based on the issuance of health certificates by BFAR in 2019, the bulk of P. vannamei PL transported
to other regions came from Region VII or the Central Visayas. This region shipped more than 1.7
billion PLs to Regions I, III, IV-A, IV-B, V, VI, VII, VIII, X, XI, XII, and Caraga, where 45% of the total PL
was transported to Sarangani. Region XII was the top recipient of P. vannamei PLs which constitutes
38% of the total shipped fry. For P. monodon PL, Western Visayas or Region VI has the highest number
of PL transported, representing 60% of 64 million total P. monodon fry shipped. Recipients from
Western Visayas were regions III, IV-B, VI, VII, and XI, wherein 88% of PL from Region VI went to
Region III.
iii) Feeds and Feeds Manufacturers
Adequate nutrition in shrimp farming plays a vital role in economic optimization, maintenance of
good health and improvement of reproductive and growth performance. The quality of feed is
essential to shrimps since most of the nutrition needed are obtained from the feed. However, some
extensive farms do not practice artificial feeding. Shrimps usually in this low stocking density farms
feed on food organisms that naturally occur in the pond. But, during specific season or stage, some
extensive farms give small amounts of feed and fertilizer in order to stimulate the food chain. In semi-
extensive farms, feed is mostly consumed by shrimps therefore only small amount of feed will be able
to stimulate the natural food web. In semi-extensive farms, the feeds are mostly consumed therefore
only few amounts will stimulate the natural food web. Lastly, in intensive farming, artificial diets are
mostly given as source of the shrimps’ nutrients. In conclusion, the intensive farms require the best
quality feed6. Given the feeding habit of shrimp, it is important that the shrimp feeds are water stable
so as to prevent nutrient leaching and therefore maximize nutrient intake and prevent feed wastage
which results in pond bottom deterioration.
6Liao et.al., 2016

74

Intensification of shrimp aquaculture to attain productivity necessitates the use of commercial feed
which constitutes the highest production cost in intensive shrimp farming.
There are several feed companies that supply feed to shrimp farms. Aqua feed manufacturers’ role
as producers and distributors of quality feeds to shrimp farms is important. Until the present, feed
manufacturers have been responsive to the needs of the industry. This is evident in expansion of
operations and adoption of the latest technology in feed milling and nutrition. In addition, sourcing
out of quality raw materials and ingredients, further research on the advancement in milling
technology and feed formulation will surely be a game-changer in shrimp nutrition and cost-
efficiency of shrimp feeds. Shrimp feeds come in several forms (mash, crumble and pellet) that suit
the life stage and size of the shrimps. Feed companies also provide technical assistance to their
clients.
Aquafeeds are made of highly perishable ingredients thus making it critical to handle and store
properly until used. Most feed manufacturers provide general guidelines for handling and storage of
shrimp artificial feeds. These include: store feeds in an area that is dry and cool and well ventilated;
follow the “first in, first out” (FiFo) principle; feed bags should be stacked on pallets to prevent direct
contact with floor or ground and at least 45 to 50 cm away from walls to allow adequate ventilation
and cleaning; maintain different types of feeds separate and clearly marked; avoid excessive handling
of feed bags and always handle with care; and protect feed bags from sunlight and rain, by storing
them off the ground in simple, pond-side storage sheds. Various vitamins in artificial feeds can be lost
in minutes if feed bags are left uncovered under direct exposure to the sun’s ultraviolet rays. This is
common during transport from feed mill to farm (e.g., open trucks), and also after feed bags have
been distributed to ponds to be used later (Global Aquaculture Alliance).
There are 10 registered local shrimp feed manufacturers in the country (Figure 46) that supply to
shrimp farms with an estimated total capacity of 2,048 MT, per 8-hour shift. These manufacturers
also produce shrimp feeds and have their respective dealers all over the country. Some major aqua
feed manufacturers that produce shrimp feeds include Cargill Philippines Inc, Santeh Feeds
Corporation, San Miguel Foods, Inc, Charoen Pokphand Foods, Universal Robina Corporation,
Philippine Foremost Milling Corp, Feedmix Specialist, Inc II, and New Hope Bulacan Agriculture.
Feedmix Specialist, Inc. II, Charoen Pokphand Foods Philippines Corp., Hoc Po feeds Corporation,
Santeh Feeds Corporation, and Oversea Feeds Corporation.
Most of the feed mills are in Luzon, thus, an investment opportunity exists for this business
undertaking in Visayas and Mindanao.
On top of the local shrimp feed manufacturers, there are 21 registered shrimp feeds importers in the
country. Imported feeds are broodstock finisher, fry mash and crumble, starter pellet, grower pellet,
supplementary feeds and feed for larval stages such as artemia replacement.
75

Figure 46. Location of Local Shrimp Feed Manufacturers and Importers in the Philippines, 2020
Source of basic data: AFVDBCD-BAI-2021
On top of the locally produced aqua shrimp feeds, the Philippines also imports shrimp feeds to the tune
of 11,906 MT and valued at ~Php 637 million in 2019 (Figure 47). Vietnam is the number one source
with 94% share. Other sources include Thailand, Taiwan, USA, China, Malaysia, Indonesia, and Japan.
Figure 47. Philippine Shrimp Feeds Import, 2019
Constraint/s
The high cost of feeds has been identified as one of the constraints in the industry. This applies to
both the input provision (hatchery) as well as in the actual farm grow-out stage.
76

iv) Fertilizers and Chemicals and Other Inputs
Fertilizers used in shrimp farms are inorganic and organic. Inorganic fertilizers include urea
(46-0-0), 16-20-0, 14-14-14 (complete), among others. Pond preparation aims at optimizing the
pond's environmental conditions for the grow-out cycle, while fertilization establishes the
desired water quality conditions and natural production in the pond. Feed management then drives
the production cycle until harvest.
Local fertilizer producers are Philippine Phosphate (PHILPHOSPHATE), Atlas Fertilizer, Farm Mix,
Feedmix, La Filipina Uy Gongco Corp., Modern Time Enterprises, Inc., Yara Fertilizer Phils, Inc., Nork
Hydro (Phils). Organic fertilizers used are dried chicken manure, cow dung, and goat manure.
Chemicals used in shrimp farms are disinfectants such as chlorine, formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde,
among others are applied during pond preparation and are used for foot bath and car-tire bath
during culture period. Some suppliers are Bayer Philippines, BioSolutions, CP, and Inve Aquaculture
among others. Other inputs include probiotics applied to feeds, soil, and water.
v) Equipment and Machineries
The most common equipment and machineries used in shrimp farms are paddle wheels, aerators,
generators, tractors equipped with rotators for plowing, chain block, paddle boat, submersible
pumps, water pump, water pipelines, hand tools, and pond liners. Suppliers of said equipment and
machines are Biosolutions, BNH Aquaculture Corp., Sarangani Agricultural Company, Inc., Frabelle
Fishing Corporation, Mogul Enterprise located in Metro Manila, and Steelfab Water Solutions Asia,
Inc. located in Subic.
2. Farm Production
Types of Shrimp Farming
There are three types of shrimp culture in the country, namely: extensive, semi-intensive, and
intensive farming.
Extensive farming refers to raising shrimps under conditions of little or incomplete control over
the growing process and production conditions where their growth is dependent upon
endogenously supplied nutrient inputs (PNS-GAqP). When natural food is depleted, extensive P.
monodon farmers do not use formulated feeds, instead farmers use other crustaceans (this
could be a carrier of pathogens which could lead to mass mortality) and boiled corn as
supplemental feed. In poly culture-systems shrimps depend on feeds given to primary cultured
species. Extensive farm has simple farm operations. Pond preparation is minimal, such as draining
the pond drying and application of organic pesticide to get rid of predators; water is replenished
through tidal flow. Stocking density is between 1-5 for P. monodon and 5-10- for P. vannamei.
Shrimps are harvested after 4-5 months by complete pond draining.
Semi-intensive refers to raising shrimp under conditions of partial control over the growing process and
production conditions where their growth is dependent upon endogenously supplied nutrients and
externally supplied shrimp feeds (PNS-GAqP). Semi-intensive farming or improved traditional farming
makes use of water pumps to facilitate water exchange (FAO7). For semi-intensive farming,
7 http://www.fao.org/3/ac210e/AC210E02.htm 77

the stocking density ranges from 20-50 PL/m2. Unlike extensive farming, this uses a monoculture
system.
In semi-intensive farms supplemental feeding is provided when the natural foods are insufficient for
nutritional requirements of shrimp.
Intensive farming refers to raising shrimp under controlled growing process and production
conditions where their growth is completely dependent on externally supplied fish feed (PNS-GAqP).
Intensive shrimp farming is the most expensive and sophisticated type of culture among the three.
This is highly dependent on fry that comes from hatcheries, commercial feed, fertilizers and
supplements. The usual stocking density ranges from 60-200 PL/m2. Intensive farming also uses
aeration to increase dissolved oxygen level in pond water.
Table 15. Summarized Characterization of Shrimp Farm Production Systems

Intensive Semi-intensive Extensive
Stocking ●60-to 200 PL/m2or ●6-20 PL/m2or ●1-5 PL/m2 or average

Density & 50,000 PL /ha; 10,000-50,000 PL stocking density of 3,000
Annual monoculture /ha post larvae/ha (range of
Production 1,000 to 10,000/ha); mostly
polyculture with bangus
●production to ●production of 500- ●annual production of 100-

5,000-15,000 4,000 kg/ha 500 kg/ha and 200-800
kg/ha/yr kg/ha of milkfish
Feeding ●Nutrition is through ●Fertilization is ●Rely on naturally occurring

Management & commercial feeds applied to stimulate food organisms in the pond
Equipment the production of for their nutrition
natural food,
●water exchange commercial feed is
through pumps and given when natural
aeration facilities food is scarce
●ponds are smaller ●Some farms use a

at 1,000 to 5,000 minimal aeration
m2 in size, and are system
lined with
concrete/bricks/H
DPE
Biosecurity ●Apply stringent ●Minimum ●Lacks biosecurity protocol

Protocol biosecurity biosecurity
protocols; use protocol
78

Intensive Semi-intensive Extensive
equipment such as
aerators and water
pumps, usually
pond is lined with
high-density
polyethylene
(HDPE)
Source of basic data: PNS for Shrimp; https://www.tridge.com/guides/shrimp-prawn/PH
Shrimp Farming Activities
i) Pond Preparation
In shrimp farming, pond preparation is not just a one-time activity. It has to be done regularly every
after harvest to ensure an optimum environment for shrimp survival and growth. Generally, it
includes drying, pond bottom management, elimination of predators and water management. Pond
preparation is also a proactive way of disease management.
Ponds in intensive farms can either be earthen pond or lined pond. Earthen pond has similar
procedure with extensive and semi extensive but intensive has more rigorous pond preparation
compared with the other two culture systems. The pond is drained after harvest and dried for more
or less 15 days or until the soil cracks. The muck layer is then removed. Drying equipment are
disinfected and facilities are likewise fixed.
In detail, the pond preparation processes for intensive earthen ponds include:
• Installing the sludge area or the “shrimp toilet”;
• Collecting soil samples for analysis;
• Plowing the dried pond to volatilize toxic gases accumulated during the previous culture;
• Flooding and flushing of the pond with fresh water;
• Applying lime dried and disinfect with chlorine;
• Installing water pump and aeration system;
• Filling in water from reservoir and disinfecting with aeration;
• Applying mineral premix and other substances after four days to promote plankton growth;
and,
• Collecting water samples for analysis.
For line ponds, it starts with disinfection of pond liner, filter bags, flumes dikes and other
paraphernalia with disinfectants. Seawater is pumped into the pond from the reservoir disinfected
with aeration. Sea water is left to settle for 3 days with aeration before using as rearing water in the
grow-out pond.
79

ii) Postlarvae Stocking
Stocking of quality PL is of prime importance to shrimp grow-out production. Considering the risk
associated with PL stocking, shrimp farmers should ensure to acquire quality PL from reputable
sources. The P. vannamei farms should obtain PL from certified hatcheries or larval rearing facilities.
As early as pond preparation stage, growers already communicate to the hatchery/larval rearing
facility for their required PL for stocking. Intensive farms require PL to have quality screening prior
to purchase and delivery to ensure the quality of PL from hatchery. Hatcheries are also required to
submit samples to the BFAR laboratory prior to PL transport for disease analysis and issuance of
health certificate.
Registered P. monodon farms obtain PL from BFAR registered and accredited hatcheries. There is
only one (1) certified farm in the country that has its own hatchery for its PL requirement – the
Marcela Frontier Resources Inc. located in Bohol. This is the only hatchery that imports SPF monodon
broodstock from Hawaii. The rest of the hatcheries used the wild caught broodstock. Before PLs can
be transported from one port to another, a health certificate has to be secured first from the BFAR.
Among the perceived advantages of farming P. vannamei over P. monodon are that the former can be
cultured at high density and can be easily breed and domesticated. Also, there is consistent supply of
quality PL because of importation of SPF broodstock.
iii) Biosecurity Management
Biosecurity, as it is being applied to shrimp aquaculture, may be defined as the practice of pathogens
exclusion from cultured aquatic stocks in broodstock facilities, hatcheries, and farms, or from entire
regions or countries for the purpose of disease prevention (Lightner, 2005). Biosecurity may have
many facets as shrimp farming embraced the concept of disease prevention through physical,
biological and chemical measures.
Physical biosecurity measures prevent the entry of vectors into the farm through installation of water
treatment and quarantine. Physical barriers such as bird screen or bird scare device, crab fence, and
foot baths are installed during pond preparation. Chemical biosecurity is the use of chemicals to
disinfect water and materials such as footwear, clothing, and tools before they enter the facility.
Biological control is the use of specific pathogen PL for stocking.
iv) Feeding Management
Feeds cost constitutes the highest operating expense in intensive farms, thus proper feeding
management of commercial feeds should be observed. Feeding management includes right
practices, feed handling and storage. While manufacturer's recommendations are used as a feeding
guide, the “art” of feeding adjustment, however, depends on actual culture practices and assessments
made by farm technicians (Albadejo and Usero, 2019).
Blind feeding is implemented on the first 30 days of culture (DOC). This is followed by scheduled
feeding in 31 DOC onwards. Most farms practice a four-times a day feeding scheme. Probiotics,
80

immunostimulants, vitamins and mineral premixes are also added to feeds from time to time to
enhance shrimp growth and survival. Some farms have automatic feeder machines and others do
broadcasting using flat boats to spread the feeds evenly to the entire pond. Feeding trays are used to
monitor feed consumption, and the “art” of feed adjustment is applied based on this monitoring.
Farms have feed storage to keep feeds for a certain period and follow the FIFO method.
Feed conversion ratio (FCR) is the indicator of feeds and feeding methods efficiency adopted by the
farms. Most farms reported a range of 1.2-1.5 FCR which is a positive indication of quality feeds and
appropriate feeding practices in general.
v) Water Quality Monitoring
Water is the shrimp environment. It is, therefore, necessary to keep track of the water quality
parameter so that deviation from normal will be immediately managed. Most intensive farms have
either water quality equipment or water quality kits. Parameters to measures are pH, temperature
and salinity among others. Those farms without kits or equipment, submit water samples to the BFAR
Fish Health Laboratory or other BFAR recognized laboratories. Onsite water quality testing is done
by BFAR Regional Fish Health Officers or HIPON Program technical staff during field monitoring.
vi) Health Management
At the farm level, health management refers to farm protocols that should be put in place and
conscientiously followed to mitigate, if not prevent, disease occurrence. Farming activities should be
aligned with these health management protocols, to wit: pond preparation; and, adherence to
biosecurity and good aquaculture practice.
A shrimp disease is not just caused by a pathogen (disease causing agent) alone, but could be result
of the interaction of several factors, namely: the host, the surrounding and the pathogen (Flegel,
2019). For a disease situation to occur there should be a potential pathogen, a susceptible host and
an environmental condition that bring about either virulence of the pathogen or decrease resistance
of the host (Pitogo, 2010). Factors associated to the shrimp or host include its species, nutrition,
genetics and PL quality. The pathogen factor covers presence, virulence, quantity, genetics and
therapeutics. Lastly, the environment factor includes: water quality, temperature and culture
intensity.
DA-BFAR, through its National Fisheries Laboratory Division (NFLD) and Regional Fisheries
Laboratories (RFL), conducts regular surveillance, monitoring and reporting of shrimp diseases.
Most intensive farms regularly submit shrimp samples to laboratories for early detection of
pathogens. There are farms that establish their own laboratories too with water quality and disease
monitoring equipment coupled with capable manpower to perform analysis. Some companies hired
technical people and researchers to form a health management team. Semi-intensive farms seldom
submit samples and only do if there is an observed mortality. Extensive farms only know mortality
after harvest especially those that are in poly culture.
81

There are 17 BFAR laboratories all over the country and another two (2) BFAR-recognized
laboratories which are the Negros Prawn Producers Cooperative (NPPC) in Bacolod and the
Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center-Aquaculture Division (SEAFDEC-AQD) in Iloilo
Province. Table 16 shows the summary of diagnostic capabilities of the BFAR RFLs and its Central
Fish Health Laboratory.
Table 16. Summary of Diagnostic capabilities of Regional and Central Fish Health Laboratories
AQUATIC ANIMAL DISEASE DIAGNOSTICS FOOD SAFETY
REGION Level Level III 10
Level I8 RESIDUE11 MICROBIOLOGY12 CHEMICAL13
II9 Screening14 Confirmatory15
NFLD * * *
I - - - -
II - - -
III - -
IV-A - -
IV-B - - - -
V - - -
VI * *
VII
VIII - - - -
IX - -
X - - - -
XI - -
XII
Caraga - - -
BARMM - - - -
CAR - - - -
Source: BFAR-NFLD
Currently there are 11 known shrimp pathogens that are monitored by BFAR, six (6) of which have
been found present in the country, namely: White spot syndrome Virus, Vibrio parahaemolyticus-
APHND, Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei, Monodon baculovirus (MBV), Yellow Head Virus (YHV), and
Infectious Hypodermal and Haematopoietic Necrosis Virus (IHHNV). Figures 48 to 51 show the
summary of disease analyses conducted by BFAR from as well as per disease classification from 2014
to 2020.
8 Observation of animal and environment, Gross clinical examination, Water Quality Testing
9 Parasitology, Bacteriology, Histopathology
10 Molecular biology, Immunology
11 ELISA*, HPLC, LC/MS/MS
12 Conventional Method*
13 GFA-AAS, HLPC-FLD
14 Insulated Isothermal Polymerase Chain Reaction (iiPCR)/POCKIT or POCKIT microPlus
15 Conventional PCR*, Real-time PCR
82

Figure 50.
48. Summary of Conducted Disease Analyses, 2014 - 2020
2014-2020 Summary of Disease Analyses
10000 8%
9000 7%
8000
6%
7000
6000 5%
5000 4%
4000 3%
3000
2%
2000
1000 1%
0 0%
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Total number of Analysis no. of (+) sample Percentage
Source: NFLD, RFL and NSPP
The WSSV has been causing catastrophe in most shrimp producing countries since the early 1990s.
It was not reported in the country until 2000, however, probably because of the Philippine
government’s ban on importation of broodstock and postlarvae that time. Anecdotal evidence
suggested that the Philippine outbreaks in the late 1990's originated from the illegal importation of
PL from China (Flegel and Fegan, 2002).
In the last quarter of 2002 to 2004, mass mortalities due to WSSV infection was frequently reported
in all major shrimp producing regions in the Philippines. The outbreaks usually occurred between
60-90 DOC. Mortality ranges from 80% to 95% in intensive culture system and 30% to 70% in
extensive culture system (dela Pena, 2004).
83

Figure 49. WSSV Summary Analyses, 2014 - 2020
2014-2020 WSSV Summary of Analyses

2000 16.0%
1800 14.0%
1600
12.0%
1400
1200 10.0%
1000 8.0%
800 6.0%
600
4.0%
400
200 2.0%
0 0.0%
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
WSSV (Analyses) WSSV (+) WSSV (%)
In 2014, AHPND was identified as the cause of disease outbreak in shrimp producing areas in the
country (Dabu et al., 2015; dela Pena et al., 2015). The serious AHPND outbreaks caused by unique
strains of V. parahaemolyticus led to heavy economic losses among shrimp growers in some major
shrimp producing provinces in the country, thereby threatening production growth and export
expansion of the Philippine shrimp industry (Apostol-Albaladejo 2015).
Figure. 50 AHPND Summary Analyses, 2014 - 2020
2014-2020 AHPND Summary of Analyses

2000 25.0%
1800
1600 20.0%
1400
1200 15.0%
1000
800 10.0%
600
400 5.0%
200
0 0.0%
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
AHPND (Analyses) AHPND (+) AHPND (%)
84

In 2016, the EHP was detected in apparently healthy marketable size shrimp from samples collected
from the grow-out farm in Cebu. By the first quarter of 2017, it was further detected in shrimps from
Negros Occidental. At harvest, variation of size among shrimps was remarkable, which was a typical
sign of HPM (Albaladejo and Usero, 2017). The drop in production in 2018 was attributed to the
mixed infection of EHP, WSSV and VP APHND.
Figure 51. EHP Summary Analyses, 2014 - 2020
2014-2020 EHP Summary of Analyses

1200 0.09
0.08
1000
0.07
800 0.06
0.05
600
0.04
400 0.03
0.02
200
0.01
0 0
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
EHP (Analyses) EHP(+) EHP (%)
Constraints
The shrimp industry has been beset by many devastating diseases in the last three decades, which
has caused severe production and economic losses and even caused the collapse of the industry in
some countries. These include viral (WSSV, TSV, & YHV), bacterial (luminous vibriosis, AHPND), and
parasitic (EHP) diseases16.
The Philippines has attained its peak of production in the mid 1980’s and an abrupt drop was
observed in the mid 1990’s due to diseases and auto pollution. Central to the disease problem was
the bacteria Vibrio harveyi, which caused the disease known as luminous vibriosis (Cruz et al., 1997).
In 2000, Magbanua et al. reported the high prevalence of WSSV in the country. Luckily, there were no
mass mortalities reported; only loss of appetite, stunted growth, and heterogeneous weight sizes
from ponds with ‘light-grade’ infections.
Outbreak, emergence, and reemergence of disease is a real treat in the progress of the shrimp
industry. A proactive approach to prevent and mitigate the impact of its occurrence should be in
place. Strategies includes strengthening passive and active surveillance, monitoring and reporting
16 Quarterly Aquatic Animal Disease Report -Asia-Pacific Region – 2020/1.

85

should continue to determine disease presence and prevalence the country; upgrading of competent
authority’s laboratory facilities, equipment and personnel, issuance of health certificate for
transboundary movement of shrimp; further research and development in health and culture
technologies; strict implementation of both national and farm level biosecurity measures; and
farmers should adopt and to adhere new farming technologies available.
vii) Harvesting
Another advantage of P. vannamei over P. monodon is that it can be partially harvested. Farmers have
the option to have a second partial harvest or totally harvest the entire stocks. Partial harvesting is
commonly practiced in P. vannamei to reduce crowding and allow better productivity, 20% of stocks
are initially harvested when the shrimps weigh an average of 15 grams per piece (65-70 pcs/kg).
Most farms harvest 50% of shrimps at 90-days of culture (DOC) with weight ranges from 18 to 20
grams per piece (50-55 pieces/kg). Final harvest is at 25 to 30 grams/pc (30 -40 pcs/kg).
Meanwhile, P. monodon are harvested once usually at 135 DOC with the average weight of 35- 40g
(25-30 pcs / kg).
Cast nets and seine nets can be used to harvest shrimp partially. During total harvest ponds are
gradually drained. Shrimps are immediately soaked in a chilling tank after harvest, followed by
sorting and packing in styrofoam boxes with crushed ice.
Some processors and traders have this practice of sending their own harvest team to farms to ensure
quality control.
Location and Number of Shrimp Farms
Shrimps are grown and produced in brackish water grow-out farms in most regions in the country
notably except for the NCR and CAR. About 50,000 hectares of brackish water ponds in the country
were devoted to shrimp culture, however, only a little over 10% of that area is productive.
Majority of the Philippines’ shrimp grow-out farms are located in Regions III, CALABARZON, V, VI, IX,
X and XII while Regions II and VII are quickly catching up. Most of the P. vannamei farms are
concentrated in Regions III, IV-B, I, VII, and XII (Table 17 and Figure 52) while that of P. monodon are
in Regions III, X, and IV-B (Table 18 and Figure 53).
A total of 1,720 shrimp grow-out farms are listed in BFAR with a total productive area of 11,565.87
hectares. In terms of number of farms, 55% are P. vannamei and 45% are P. monodon; in terms of
area, however, total P. vannamei farm is relatively smaller at 5,670.09 hectares (49%) compared to
P. monodon’s 5,895.70 hectares (51%).
86

Table 17. Distribution of P. vannamei Farms, by Region and Province, 2020
Region Province/City Number Area (ha)
Ilocos Sur 111 59.75
Ilocos Norte 2 -10.5

I
La Union 120 97.89
Pangasinan 186 690.81
II Cagayan 14 85.72
Sub-total 14 85.72
Pampanga 82 677.2
Bulacan 10 255.3
III
Zambales 51 370.62
Bataan 1 7
Sub-total 144 1,310.12
IV-A Batangas 21 101.47
Sub-total 21 101.47
Oriental Mindoro 41 423.79

IV-B
Marinduque 7 127.7
Palawan 20 230.35
Sub-total 81 898.64
Catanduanes 1 4
V
Albay 1 3
Sub-total 2 7.00
VI Iloilo 4 25.38
87

Negros Occidental 45 439.87
Sub-total 49 465.25
Bohol 59 528.61
VII Negros Oriental 2 73.09
Cebu 8 166.32
Sub-total 69 768.02
Leyte 7 128
VIII
Northern Samar 1 6.4
Sub-total 8 134.40
IX Zamboanga Sibugay 1 100
Sub-total 1 100.00
Misamis Occidental 2 2.6

X
Misamis Oriental 2 9.5
Sub-total 4 12.10
Davao Occidental 1 16.79
Davao Oriental 36 49.858

XI
Davao de Oro 3 6.04
Davao del Sur 8 81.939
Davao del Norte 1 2.7
Sub-total 49 157.33
Sarangani 23 537.86
XII Sultan Kudarat 26 71.1
South Cotabato 11 48.75
88
Sub-total 60 657.71
Surigao del Sur 18 43.03
Agusan del Norte 7 64.37
Surigao del Norte 3 5.68
Sub-total 28 112.18
Sub-total 1 1.20
TOTAL 949 5,670.087

Source: BFAR-NSPP
89

Figure 52. Mapping of P. vannamei Farms in the Philippines, 2020
Source: BFAR- NSPP
90

Region Province/ City Number Area (ha)
Ilocos Sur 51 26.81
I La Union 44 21.93
Pangasinan 23 56.5
Sub-total 118 105.2
Pampanga 118 777.1

III
Bulacan 72 711
Sub-total 190 1,488.1
IV-A Batangas 1 2
Sub-total 1 2.0
Oriental Mindoro 37 275.1
IV-B Marinduque 17 104.2
Palawan 45 258.86
Romblon 1 1
Catanduanes 8 73.6
Sorsogon 3 56
V Camarines Sur 15 173.05
Camarines Norte 1 21
Masbate 17 254.6
Sub-total 41 578.25
Bohol 3 302.14
VII
Sub-total 4 306.34
91

Region Province/ City Number Area (ha)
VIII Leyte 19 129.8
Sub-total 19 129.8
Zamboanga del Norte 6 85.4
Zamboanga del Sur 22 465.7
Zamboanga Sibugay 11 248
Sub-total 39 799.3
Misamis Occidental 105 337.35

X
Lanao del Norte 105 1213.4
Sub-total 210 1,550.75
Agusan del Norte 30 168.11
XIII Dinagat Island 2 6.25
Surigao del Norte 4 39.4
Sub-total 36 213.8
Sub-total 36 25.5
TOTAL 771 5,895.70

Source: BFAR-NSPP
92

Figure 53. Mapping of P. monodon Farms in the Philippines, 2020
Source: BFAR-NSPP
93

In terms of farm size, 85% of registered and accredited shrimp grow-out farms in 2020 are small
farms with productive areas ranging from 1-10 hectares (Table 19).
Table 19. Number and Sizes of Registered and Accredited Shrimp Grow-out Farms, 2020
Number of Number of
Area Total Grow- %
P. vannamei P. monodon
Range(ha) out Farms share
Grow-out Farms Grow-out Farms
1-10 814 642 1,456 84.6
11-20 76 64 140 8.1
21-30 25 32 57 3.3
31-40 16 12 28 1.6
41-50 7 7 14 0.8
51-100 11 10 21 1.2
111 above 1 4 5 0.3
Total 950 771 1,720 100.0

Source: BFAR- NSPP
Constraints in the Farm Production/Grow-Out
The industry is indeed dominated by small scale farmers who are fragmented and unorganized and
with limited capacity to implement biosecurity measures and good aquaculture practices (GaqP) to
keep pathogens/diseases away from their farms. It should be noted though that having small
backyard raisers is not necessarily bad as long as they are organized. Such is the case of India in which
it has hundreds of individual small scale intensive farms and do not belong to large scale corporations
but rather cooperatives. This spirit of cooperativism in India proves that having many small and
medium sized farms can be manageable and less capital intensive for many if not most. Contagion is
also better managed if the new technologies are taught to many of these small and medium aqua
farms.
Relatedly, grow-out farms are continuously being encouraged to practice GAqP to prevent and
minimize risks associated with aquaculture production. The GAqP aims to improve animal health and
ensure food safety, as well as enhance environment integrity. GAqP covers mariculture, freshwater
and brackishwater cultures. Management practices involve site selection and facility design, water
use, sanitation, farm management, animal health and disease management and labor and community.
At the moment, however, there is a low adoption of GAqP and biosecurity measures for shrimp among
traditional farms. This has resulted in low farm productivity. Many small and traditional farms are
still practicing outdated shrimp technology. Two reasons have been cited for this - one is the lack of
94

financial capacity of these small farms to comply with the standards, shrimp farming is a capital-
intensive venture. The second one is that there is still this low appreciation on the benefits of
practicing GAqP for some.
Based on the list of BFAR at hand, there are still around 5,000 unregistered grow-out farms with
seasonal production with a total estimated area of 40,000 hectares. The list, however, is still subject
for validation at the regional level. If these figures are indeed accurate, this posed a challenge for
registration and accreditation. This is tantamount to at least 75% of shrimp farms not being
registered with BFAR at the very least. These farms, which are mostly into poly-culture, fail to comply
with minimum biosecurity and GAqP requirements. With the pandemic and even pre-pandemic
period, small growers and farmers find it already tedious to get the necessary permits such as
Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC), municipal permits, which also needs a barangay permit.
Most of these farmers are used to the notion that in agriculture/ aquaculture their normal way of life
and they feel that they do not need to register. The adverse implication of a farm not being BFAR
registered and/or accredited does not merely revolve around the farm not being able to supply to
processing facilities who are into exports but also on bio-security issues.
Another challenge in this segment is the inclement and unpredictable weather conditions including
typhoons and droughts as well as occurrence of natural disasters.
Some Fishpond Lease Agreement (FLA) holders cried over the existing policy regulation as inscribed
in RA 8550 where small farmers and holders are to be given priority in fish pond holding and
development. They cited that the downside of this policy is that these small holders do not have the
financial and technical capacity to develop and make the area productive. They feel that this works
against those FLA holders who have invested so much in shrimp farming but won’t be given priority
once their FLA expires.
A number of local shrimp farmers and growers also raised their concern on what they call as
unnecessary and unfair importations (UUI). They are of the view that import volume should be only
limited to what is necessary and should be subjected to the same regulations that domestic farming
and processing have to undergo as compliance to the export market requirements to level the playing
field.
3. Processing
The most common form of shrimp products being traded locally (wet markets, supermarkets,
restaurants and consignaciones/trading posts) or exported are fresh or chilled, frozen and prepared
or preserved. Processors are either buying raw materials directly from farms or through middlemen
while some have their own grow-out farms.
Shrimps are first graded then washed after arriving at the processing plant. Some of the products are
pre-cooked, but most are frozen uncooked (for export). Processed shrimp of other shrimp species
include pasteurized bottled sautéed shrimp, fresh frozen black tiger or white shrimp, shrimp powder,
and frozen block shrimp.
Tridge online resources described the following processes involved in shrimp processing. It usually
“starts with proper handling once harvested from fishponds then transported to the processing
plants. Newly caught shrimps are temporarily refrigerated by packing them with crushed ice in
95

insulated containers. Fishpond trucks are used to transport the containers to the processing plant
and handled in the following stages:
a. Shrimps are washed in clean cold water;

b. Classifying shrimps according to buyer's specifications:
⁃ Whole - the shrimp is left with head and shell intact,
⁃ Headless - head is removed with shell intact, or
⁃ Peeled - the head and shell are removed
⁃ Peeled - head, shell and veins are removed;
b. Sizing according to the internationally accepted sizes;
c. Weighing according to buyer's requirement;
d. Rinsing again with clean cold water before positioning in tin containers;
e. Filling up the tin containers with clean fresh water;
f. Quick-freezing the processed shrimps in the water-filled containers;
g. Removing the frozen blocks from the containers and wrapping the blocks successively in
plastic bags, consumer packs and bulk packs; and
h. Cold storing the fully wrapped shrimps at low temperature ready for export.”17
In 2020, a total of 23 BFAR-approved and another 14 European Union (EU)-approved shrimp

processing plants are recorded (Figure 54). Most of these plants are located in Bulacan, Paranaque,
Cebu, and General Santos areas. There are three (3) EU-approved processing plants with third party
certification, namely: Fisher Farms Incorporated in Bulacan, Makran Trading and Development
Corporation in Negros Occidental, and Phil-Union Processed Foods Incorporated located in Cebu.
17https://www.tridge.com/guides/shrimp-prawn/PH
96

Figure 54. BFAR & EU-approved Shrimp Processing Plants, Number and Location, 2020
Region Province Number

III Bulacan 4
IV-A Cavite 1
V Masbate 2
Camarines Sur 1
VI Negros Occidental 2
VII Bohol 1
Cebu 6
IX Samboanga del Sur 2
X Misamis Oriental 1
XI Davao del Sur 1
XII Sarangani 2
South Cotabato 4
Caraga Agusan del Sur 2
NCR 8
Total 37
Source of Basic Data: BFAR-FIQD
Constraints
The efforts of linking growers and processors are hindered by the inability of unaccredited farms to
supply to processors. This is because as a matter of the export market requirement, traceability is of
prime importance.
The seasonality of raw material supply for processing is a major constraint among shrimp processors.
Shrimp harvest is characterized by a 4-6 months seasonal availability with peak season during the
months of July to October. The remaining period of the year comprises the lean months. In the
absence of cold storage facilities, processors cannot hold of the excess harvest during peak months
and reserve them for processing during the lean months.
With the seasonality constraint confronting the processing sector, raw materials become
consequently more expensive during lean season. Optimum efficiency of processing plants is likewise
hindered. Moreover, plants cannot retain workers who are already trained to peel the shrimps. When
the raw materials become available, plant lose workers only to hire and train new ones the next peak
season the following year.
4. Trading
Trading is the buying of shrimps from local farms and selling them to the market. The trading
function usually comes with needed logistics support including transport, and to some extent,
cold storage requirements of the industry. In this report, traders refer to both local traders
and exporters. Consolidators, brokers, wholesalers and retailers are likewise covered here.
97

Commonly sold in the local markets are fresh chilled shrimps and the price is according to size. The
country exports processed shrimp in the following forms: Head-on (HON); Headless, shell-on
(HLSON); Peeled, deveined, tail on (PDTO); Peeled, deveined (PD); and nobashi (PDTO, stretched).
Small scale shrimp producers usually sell their produce to a middleman that brings the product to
regional markets while shrimps with higher quality grades are brought to processors. Shrimp
producers supply either directly to the processors, exporting companies, wholesalers, and retail
outlets or through bulk traders.
In general, most wholesalers and retailers directly procure shrimps from farms. Wholesalers supply
shrimp to processing plants, export markets, institutional buyers such as hotels and restaurants, and
retailers. Meanwhile, retailers bring products to major wet markets and consignacions/trading posts.
There are numerous local traders, consolidators, brokers, wholesalers and retailers involve in fresh
and processed shrimp products trading. A total of seven (7) independent trader exporters without
processing plants have been noted in the shrimp industry. Table 20 shows the location of the seven
(7) traders who are purely doing exporting business. It should be noted though this count does not
include the traders who are also playing other roles in the chain as integrators, a separate discussion
on this ensues towards the end of this Section 3.B.
Table 20. Shrimp Exporters18, 2020

Region Province/City Number
III Bulacan 2
NCR Paranaque 1
Quezon City 1
Taguig 1
Manila 2
Total 7
Source: BFAR-FIQD
Opportunities and Constraints
The COVID-19 pandemic, amidst the challenges it caused, brings into fore the opportunity of online
trading/selling, not only for shrimps, for almost all commodities worldwide.
With an increasing world population, there is an expected increase in the demand for
shrimp. Philippines can maximize this to keep or even improve its rank among the key producers in
the Asian region.
18 Not performing another role in the value chain but simply trading and exporting.
98

Another opportunity in the world market pertains to the presence of international buyers who are
looking into sources of clean and healthy environment raised shrimps. This can be an opportunity
for the Philippines to come up with a position to create a Philippine “quality mark” positioning in the
global market. Thus, there’s a need to bring together manufacturers and other players in the industry
to bring the Philippines in the radar of global buyers.
The world export market for shrimps, however, is a highly competitive one. For traders who are into
exports, product traceability and quality assurance concerns are paramount such that there has to
be adequate measures in chemical residue monitoring to meet the stringent standards of the buying
market.
Other problems faced by Philippine shrimp exporters are: inadequate volume to expand exports
further; limited marketing/ promotional efforts in the global arena – failure to increase market share
and acquire new markets; and, the high prices in international markets are expected to encourage
increase production in other countries as well thereby increasing competition among supplier
nations.
In the domestic trading arena, farmers and producers raised their concern over traders dictating the
price. Furthermore, they cited that small-sized shrimps are bought at relatively lower prices.
5. Final Sale/Distribution
Distribution is where the shrimp reaches the domestic and international market. It is also where the
goods were distributed to its prospective outlet and buyers. Domestic destinations of the products
include local vendors as well as institutional buyers including supermarkets, restaurants and other
food industry outlets.
Constraints
The high distribution and logistics cost have been confronting the industry. According to the
manufacturers it is even cheaper to ship products to the international market than to ship it to the
domestic market. The cost of gasoline in the Philippines is also high compared to other countries. The
distribution cost in the domestic market is estimated at 12% which is relatively high compared to the
export market. It is also alleged that some of the cost drivers in the domestic market are bribery and,
thus, is considered as a challenge by the industry.
Integrated Shrimp Facilities
There are a handful of integrated companies involved in the shrimp industry (Table 21). Four (4)
companies, the Feedmix Specialist Inc. II, Marcela Frontier Resources, Inc., Hoc Po Corporation and
RDEX Foods International Philippines, Inc. are players across all segments in the shrimp value chain,
that is, from hatchery to feed mills to farms to processing, trading and distribution. One (1) company
have almost complete segments except for not having feed mills - the Sta Cruz Vann Shrimp Hatchery.
Another two (2) companies are involved in hatchery, feed mill and grow-out—Charoen Pokphand
Food Philippines Corp. and Oversea Feeds Corp. Two (2) companies have hatchery, grow out and
processing—Aquatic Ranch Development Corp. and Wescor Prawn Hatchery. Ten have both hatchery
99

and grow-out farms. Three (3) have both grow-out farms and processing—Dataj AquaFarm, Inc.,
Butuan HJR International Corp., and San Andres Corporation (SANACOR).
Table 21. Integrated Value Chain Players in the Shrimp Industry, 2020
Value Chain Segments Companies Location
Complete: Input 1. Feedmix Specialist Inc. II ● Pangasinan (hatchery and grow-

Provision (hatchery, out)
feedmills), Farm ● Bulacan (feedmill and processing)
Production (grow-out 2. Marcela Frontier ● Bohol (hatchery, feedmill, grow-
farms), Processing, Resources, Inc. out, and processing)
Trading and Final sale
/Distribution 3. HocPo Feeds Corp. ● Bulacan (feedmill)
● Iloilo (hatchery)
● Negros Occidental (grow-out)
4. RDEX Foods ● General Santos City (hatchery)

International Philippines, ● South Cotabato (feedmill)
Inc ● General Santos City & Sarangani
(grow-out)
● General Santos City (processing)
Input Provision 1. Sta Cruz Vann Shrimp ● Davao del Sur (hatchery & grow-
(Hatchery, Grow-out, Hatchery out)
Processing,Trading, ● Davao City (processing)
Final Sale/Distribution
Input Provision 1. Charoen Pokphand ● Zambales, Negros Oriental,

(hatchery, feedmill), Foods Philippines Corp. Sarangani (hatchery)
Farm Production ● Tarlac, Bulacan (feedmill)
● Batangas, Zambales, Negros
Occidental, & Davao del Sur (grow-
out farm)
2. Oversea Feeds Corp ● Cebu (feedmill, hatchery & grow-

out)
● Batangas (hatchery)
Input Provision 1. Meehan The Fine Food ● Ilocos Sur (hatchery and grow-
(hatchery), Farm Group, Inc Hatchery out)
Production
2. LLT Vannamei Hatchery ● Zambales (hatchery and grow-out)
Corporation
3. Abalos Hatchery and ● Zambales (hatchery and grow-out)

Marketing
100

4. Odong Vannamei ● Quezon (hatchery and grow-out)
hatchery
5. Dobe Export ● Cebu, Bohol, Negros Oriental,

International Sarangani (hatchery)
● Cebu, and Negros Occidental
(grow-out)
6. Vannamei Hatchery Inc. ● Cebu (hatchery)

● Davao (grow-out)
7. Aquatic Ranch ● Cebu (hatchery and grow-out)

Development Corp.
8. MAC Hatchery ● Ormoc (hatchery and grow-out)
9. Ruru Aquatic Hatchery ● Leyte (hatchery and grow-out)

Inc.
10. DN Prawn Hatchery ● Misamis occidental (hatchery and

grow-out)
Input Provision 1. Aquatic Ranch ● Cebu (hatchery, grow-out, and

(hatchery), Farm Development Corp processing)
Production and
Processing 2. Wescor Prawn Hatchery ● Zambales (hatchery)
● Pampanga (grow-out)
● Valenzuela (processing)
Farm Production and 1. Dataj Aqua Farm, Inc. ● Cagayan Province (grow-out and
Processing processing)
2. Butuan HJR International ● Agusan del Norte & Misamis

Corp. Oriental (grow-out)
● Butuan & Bulacan (processing)
3. San Andres Corporation ● Sarangani & Bohol(grow-out)

(SANACOR) ● General Santos City (processing)
Source: BFAR-NSPP
Cross-Cutting Concerns
As earlier cited, the shrimp industry is capital intensive. This means high start-up and operational
cost for hatcheries, farms and processing plants. Technology upgrading also requires substantial
investment cost.
Many in the shrimp industry express concerns on laws and regulations. One is the slow processing of
permits and clearances (i.e. business permits) has been likewise identified as a concern by players
101

across all segments of the chain. There are also complaints on bureaucratic obstacles to getting
permits and tax credits. Lack of communication and coordination has been reported to various
agencies, particularly the DA and the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR).
There is also perceived lack of political will to enforce environmental laws whenever the rich and
politically connected are involved19.
The COVID-19 pandemic likewise poses an additional challenge to all players across the entire
shrimp value chain as it limits movement of people and goods especially during the start of this
pandemic.
In terms of local technical capacities, there has been a reported limited number of local technical
experts working on shrimp hatcheries and farms. Fisheries graduates nowadays are becoming
generalists.
Also, there has been a widely observed inconsistency of data on shrimp production between and
among the PSA, BFAR, and the private sector.
Finally, knowledge products (KPs) on improve biosecurity measures, production efficiency, market
access, technologies, food safety, as well as local and international registration and accreditation
requirements are limited and not yet made widely available in all possible forms.
2. Benchmarks: International
Among the shrimp top producing countries in Southeast Asia where the Philippines can learn from
are Indonesia, Thailand and Vietnam. There is also the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) and India.
Thailand
Globally, Thailand produced 304,000 tons of P. vannamei and 13,000 tons of P. monodon totaling
317,000 MT. These were produced by 872 hatchery and nursery ponds, and nearly 24,000 grow-out
farms. Productivity per million post larvae released amounted to 8.99 tons for P. vannamei and 8.72
tons for P. monodon. Annual demand fluctuated from 65 to 78 billion post larvae per year. Thailand
was able to establish three (3) breeding centers in order to improve growth rates and disease
resistance. There are 22 feed mills producing shrimp feeds.
Indonesia
Indonesia landed on the third spot among the world’s top supplier and producer of shrimps in 2019.
Owing to its geographical orientation of being surrounded by both vast waters and abundant land,
Indonesian suppliers are able to produce a high volume of shrimp consistently all year round.
Moreover, the strong support from its government through continuous infrastructure development,
farm development, method improvement, financing and stable policy has enabled shrimp business
in Indonesia to stay strong and poised over the years.
19 https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.207.4131&rep=rep1&type=pdf
102

Indonesia’s farming practices and models have evolved over time particularly in the last decade when
some smaller ponds, of 1,000 square meters or less were constructed as a response to the constraints
of limited capital and land. These mini-ponds developed by backyard farmers in Madura, East Java
were originally rectangular in shape using bamboo as its frame and tarpaulin as its lining. Very
recently, many Indonesian millennial farmers are very active in placing and implementing new
technologies in raising shrimp including that of the so-called recirculating aquaculture system (RAS).
The RAS, which is also increasingly used in other top producing countries, provides a constant and
controlled environment for the fish, allowing for optimal and fully manageable production as culture
water is purified and reused continuously. “A recirculating aquaculture system is an almost
completely closed circuit. The produced waste products; solid waste, ammonium and carbon dioxide
(CO2), are either removed or converted into non-toxic products by the system components. The
purified water is subsequently saturated with oxygen and returned to the fish tanks. By recirculating
the culture water, the water and energy requirements are limited to an absolute minimum. It is
however not possible to design a fully closed recirculating system. The non-degradable waste
products must be removed and evaporated water must be replaced. Still our recirculating systems
are capable of reusing 90% or more of the culture water. To ensure good water purification,
recirculating systems consist of a number of components with specific functions”20. Figure 55
illustrates the principles and components of a RAS.
Figure 55. Basic Principles and Components of RAS
Source: Recirculating Aquaculture System. https://www.aquacultureid.com/recirculating-

aquaculture-system/
20
Recirculating Aquaculture System.https://www.aquacultureid.com/recirculating-aquaculture-system/
103

The cited benefits of using the RAS include: fully controlled environment for the fish; low water use;
efficient energy use; efficient land use; optimal feeding strategy; easy grading and harvesting; and
full disease control. The challenges, however, consist of: necessity of continue electric supply round
the clock; good water source, preferably bore hole; good fish feed quality, preferably high protein
and fat extruded diets with high digestibility; and, technically skilled staff who is/are able to work in
medium tech environment21.
Small scale farmers and young entrepreneurs in Indonesia are increasingly using circular shrimp
ponds with a diameter of 5-30 meters while receiving government support in the process. The
benefits of the circular design include water circulation, so the waste is more easily removed through
the central drain. In addition, a smaller pond size makes it easier to combine with new technologies,
such as RAS” (Bulkini, 2021).
Vietnam
The country is the leading producer of giant tiger shrimps with average annual production of 300,000
MT. It is the world's number two shrimp supplier, with 13-14% of total share of value. Vietnam’s
shrimp sectors, on the other hand, contribute around 40-45% of total exporting value, equivalent to
3.5 - 4.0 billion USD per year22.
In 2019, Vietnam produced 234,000 tons for export of mainly value-added products to China, EU,
Japan and Korea. Vietnam aims to make China its major export market. A mixture of frozen and
processed shrimps with the ratio of 60:40 is the preference of Vietnam market23. About thirty percent
of the aquaculture produced in Vietnam was used for local consumption.
Vietnam farmers, for a period of time, informally contract feed dealers for financing. Since these small
farms which produce 1-10 tons annually have financial difficulties, they acquire loan terms
extendedly from feed dealers or small capital expenditure (capex) for upgrades. Through this, the
feed dealers would benefit by the constant demand in feed and supplementary farm products.
Moreover, large farms or cooperatives which generate 10-100 tons yearly may be aided with capex
investments by Vietnam shrimp big processors. Capital is essential in supporting the construction of
additional infrastructure whenever farms convert from extensive to intensive farming. Shrimp
processors can be assured of the raw materials for processing. For formal financing, banks deal
directly with farmers and require collaterals. However, in formal financing, shrimp producers or
aquafeed producers are capable of working with banks. Small or large farms are guaranteed by banks
to ensure safe financing for processor and feed dealers. Farms are given with subsidies of the
certification cost by the processors to safeguard the traceability and sustainability in the supply
chain. Other farms that have third party certifications like Best Aquaculture Practices (BAP) or
21 Ibid.
22https://www.tridge.com/guides/shrimp-prawn/VN
23Aqua Culture Asia Pacific magazine Jan/Feb 2021

104

Aquaculture Stewardship Council (ASC) can sell directly to processors. They can bypass brokers and
middleman and can sell at 11% premium24.
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA)
Outside of Southeast Asia, another country where the Philippines may also learn from is the KSA
Specifically, the introduction of WSSV SPF + SPT P. vannamei has led to recovery from a national
epidemic of WSD that wiped out their local species. A rapid increase in national production has been
achieved after the introduction and currently the only stocks cultured in the country, and no other
source has been approved by the government. The exclusive use of these stocks all over the country
is one of the keys to the success of the biosecurity strategy (Alday-Sanz, 2018).
In addition, a monthly disease surveillance program was carried out in grow out ponds, broodstock
stocks, and larviculture and nauplii production units to determine the evolution of the endemic
diseases and the incidence of new ones. Other new strategies developed include indoors broodstock
production facilities with proper water disinfection through ozone use, and introduction of shrimp
nurseries and a thorough sea water disinfection protocol (Aranguren et al., 2016).
In detail, the KSA government and the private sector establish a Private Public Partnership (PPP) to
develop and implement a joint Biosecurity Strategy and Plan for the control of aquatic animal
diseases is also very notable. This is in response to the devastating effect of the WSSV epidemic on
the country’s shrimp Industry. Specifically, the said National Biosecurity Plan of KSA has 12 key
points that are strategic for the prevention and control of diseases in the aquaculture industry, as
follows:
1. Switch to SPF P. vannamei. KSA switched to SPF P. vannamei culture from previously farmed
P. indicus after the WSSV national epidemic that resulted in the infection of the broodstock
population which proves the high sensitivity of the P. indicus to WSSV. The SPF stocks, which
are also SPT for WSSV, were imported from a specific breeding program from Ecuador and
are the only ones allowed into the country;
2. National Reference Diagnostic Laboratory. The Jeddah Fisheries Research Center (JFRC)
was appointed by the government as a national reference Diagnostic Laboratory. The
laboratory has full facilities and highly trained staff for diagnostic purposes through a range
of techniques: PCR, histology and microbiology in addition to other techniques to support
aquaculture production and aquaculture product quality. staff and facilities are continuously
update and upgrade to maintain excellence of the laboratory;
3. KSA Listed diseases. Identification of shrimp pathogens present in KSA is vital for the
control and exclusion, these include OIE listed and economically important ones. This list of
pathogens is dynamic and updated on regular basis based on the information generated
within KSA and worldwide;
4. National Surveillance Program. The Government of Saudi Arabia has a National

Surveillance Program that collects samples from every aquaculture company in the country
for detection of pathogens prior to disease outbreaks. These samples are tested by PCR for
24
Ibid
105

pathogens that have been endemic in the country or there is concern at international level. In
addition, samples are also collected for histology in case of new pathogens may arise;
5. Health certificate for animal movement. All animals moved within the country need to be
accompanied by a Health Certificate issued by the National Reference Diagnostic Laboratory
at JFRC. Currently, the requirement is to be free WSSV by PCR technique after cold challenge;
6. National Zoning and Compartmentalization. As one more component of the control of

diseases, as recommended by the OIE, Saudi Arabia is divided in zones;
7. Aquaculture production zoning. Aquaculture production units have different activities

with a different risk associated to them and were ranked by their level of business risk impact.
Broodstock Breeding Center and the broodstock production unit. Produce SPF broodstock
for maturation and to improve shrimp culture performances through its Family Selection
Broodstock Breeding Program. Production is performed indoors; all incoming water is
disinfected; all solid wastes are incinerated.
Nucleus Breeding Centre (NBC) means a facility where SPF shrimp broodstock are raised
over a number of generations in a highly bio-secure environment, excluding a number of
pathogens of concern from the facility. A strict surveillance protocol is followed to ensure that
the pathogens are excluded. A highly bio-secure NBC is used for producing multiple
generations of the SPF stock.
Shrimp Broodstock Multiplication Centre (BMC) means a facility which receives the SPF PL
from a NBC and rears post larvae up to adult broodstock for supply to hatcheries. BMC is a
facility for developing broodstock from the post larvae to adult, under strict biosecurity and
close disease surveillance
8. Compulsory reporting of disease outbreaks. Any abnormal mortality at a production unit

needs to be immediately reported (within 24 hours) to its ASAS analytic solutions so that the
emergency response is triggered. In addition, production units with diagnostic capacity need
to report the detection of KSA listed pathogens within the same timeframe. SAS will inform
of the positive case to the Government and to the rest of the shrimp industry within the same
day, confirm the emergency response and contingency measures taken.
9. Emergency response and contingency plan. As soon as mortality or KSA listed pathogen is
detected, the emergency response is triggered. This implies the immediate sending of a
technical team to collect suitable samples and assess the production conditions that may have
triggered the mortality. Measures to minimize the risk of spread of pathogens into the sea
will be implemented.
10. Control of importation of live shrimp. Importation of live shrimp for aquaculture
production is restricted in KSA. The government has adopted a policy of SPF stocks only in
combination with SPT for WSSV. Importations may be considered for improvements of
shrimp breeding programs.
11. No wild broodstock allowed. The use of wild animals as broodstock is not allowed in KSA
due to the high risk they represent; and,
106

12. Restriction on aquatic products based on the Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS)
agreement of the World Trade Organization (WTO). The importation of aquatic products
presents a risk for the wild fisheries, environmental diversity and national shrimp industry.
Therefore, restrictions in the importation from countries with poorer health status than KSA
should apply.
India
In 2019, India ranked 2nd as among the world’s largest producers of shrimps. The late 1980s marked
the start of its modern shrimp farming. It should be noted though that a few years later, its shrimp
industry’s growth experienced a severe slump when it was hit by the WSSV and the Indian Supreme
Court restricted shrimp farming in its coastal areas (Suresh, 2020).
The resumption of India’s shrimp aquaculture became possible through an act of the Indian
Parliament and its industry growth thereafter was driven by its independent hatcheries and small
farms. This experience of India proved that having small but united farms and small players thru
cooperativism makes a huge difference.
Aside from the black tiger shrimp, India also gets into freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium
rosenbergii) production. As it experienced another wave of stagnation in the mid-2000s brought
about by the onslaught of diseases, slowed growth and size variability, India benchmarked on the
best practices of other major producing Asian countries by introducing the SPF Pacific white shrimp
(Litopenaeus vannamei) in 2008. It introduced this species carefully “by allowing a few selected
entities to conduct an experimental import and perform trials, on which rules for further imports
were framed and implemented. To date, L. vannamei broodstock can only be imported from approved
sources and quarantined in a government-run facility upon entry into the country. Development of
broodstock multiplication centers is being allowed now and the government has expressed its
interest to allow entities that can complete the lifecycle of L. vannamei within India in a fully
contained and highly biosecure facility and produce broodstock locally.”25
Table 22 shows the production competitive advantages of Thailand, Vietnam, Indonesia, KSA and
India in terms of the shrimp industry.
Table 22. Summary of Competitive Advantages in Shrimp Production among Key Producing
Countries in Asia
Thailand26 ● Better technology

● High skilled laborers
● Supporting businesses
● Better quality per international customers
Indonesia27 ● Geographical Location
25 Ibid.
26 https://www.tridge.com/guides/shrimp-prawn/TH
27 https://www.tridge.com/guides/shrimp-prawn/ID
107

- Surrounded by waters, Indonesia is a highly ideal breed or catch

shrimp whether at farm or at sea
● Land Availability
- has abundance of lands that are used as shrimp-breeding facility, to
enable suppliers to produce high volume of shrimp consistently all
year round
● Government Support
- strong support from government through continuous
infrastructure development, farm development, method
improvement, financing and stable policy has enabled shrimp
business in Indonesia to stay strong and poised over the years
● Modern and innovative shrimp farming technology
- many Indonesian millennial farmers are now very active in placing
and implementing new technologies in raising shrimp including
that of the so-called recirculating aquaculture system (RAS)
Vietnam28 ● Geographical Location
- Vietnam's dense river systems and a long coastline of 3,260km is
very convenient for aquaculture exploitation and production (more
than 600,000 ha of shrimp farming)
● Processing Competitive
- Around 200 shrimp processing plants in Vietnam are approved by
the European Commission with periodic inspections, making it
easier to fulfil the supply chain from production period to
manufacturing and distribution.
KSA ● Stocks Competitive

- rapid increase in national production has been achieved after the
introduction and currently the only stocks cultured in the country,
the of WSSV SPF + SPT P. vannamei, and no other source has been
approved by the government
● Strong PPP
- developed and implemented a joint Biosecurity Strategy and Plan
for the control of aquatic animal diseases as a response to the
previous devastating effect of WSSV epidemic
India ● Cooperativism among smallholders
- Industry growth thereafter was driven by its independent but
unified hatcheries and small farms
28 https://www.tridge.com/guides/shrimp-prawn/VN
108

C. Nature of Inter-Firm Relationships
Understanding the dynamics between and among players within the same and across the different
segments of the value chain will help in optimizing coordination and optimization of activities across
firms in the VC. The overall VC competitiveness is likewise reinforced when there is an effective inter-
firm relation29.
1. Horizontal Relationships
The degree of horizontal relationships among shrimp stakeholders performing the same function in
the same segment in the VC is summarized in Table 23.
Table 23. Summary of Horizontal Relationships among Shrimp Industry Players in the
Philippines
Relationship Player Rating Underlying Data for Assessment
(Weak, Moderate,
& Strong)
Information Input Supplier – Feed & Other • Feed suppliers only meet
Sharing Input Supplier Equipment unintentionally in the farm;
Suppliers share some information on
- Moderate supplies/deliveries; some trade
information can’t be shared to
others/competitors
• Players do not share information

with each other; no regular
communication; don’t gather
together in addressing concerns
Hatcheries of farmers unlike in other
- Weak to countries like India/
moderate Indonesia/Vietnam where
providers work together and
share information
• Answers and communicates only

when asked and when there are
concerns that need to be
addressed
• Data on hatcheries’ PL are not

readily available, no third party
can certify on the performance
of their PLs in the grow-out
29Why Relationships Matter in the Value Chain Approach. https://www.marketlinks.org/good-practice-

center/value-chain-wiki/inter-firm-relationships-overview
109

(Weak, Moderate,
& Strong)
Farmer – Farmer Strong • Farmers are openly sharing
technical support and
experiences
• No problem regarding
information sharing between
growers because they normally
converse and share experiences
and common practices.
• Most of the growers especially in

proximate areas know each
other and can freely converse
with one another
• Technical experts from different

farms usually talk to another
• Used to have a regular National

Shrimp Congress before the
COVID-19 pandemic where all
growers are gathered together
to discuss matters and concerns
concerning the sector; with the
pandemic, farmers just resort to
asking nearby farms and
growers
Update: There is planned Virtual

National Shrimp Congress in
November 2021.
Processor – Weak • Processors who are into the

Processor export market have to stick to
specific requirements/standards
of their market and have to see
to it that these are strictly
complied, thus, sharing of
information between and among
processors is difficult.
Trader- Trader Moderate Local Trader
110

(Weak, Moderate,
& Strong)
Exporters
• De Oro Resources: Share some
information (prices, demand for
other products) with some
trusted co-exporters
Competition Input Supplier – Feed & Other • Several players; no single player
Input Supplier Equipment controls price - price takers
Suppliers
- Effective
• Only few players; there are
Hatcheries unregistered hatcheries; no data
- Ineffective base on PL performance in the
grow-out, no Third Party
Certifier as well
Farmer – Farmer Effective • When it comes to price in the

same market place, not so
transparent
• Many players
Processor – Ineffective • Each export processing firm can

Processor *Note: The have its own market niche
processing sector is depending on its efficiency,
predominantly productivity, and capability
market driven; (Exporting is a volume and
processors don’t efficiency game)
compete with each
other. • Global market transacts on per
firm basis, can’t be transferred
to another processor
• Price points is the basis
Trader- Trader Ineffective Local Trader
Exporter
• In terms of market – don’t
compete since global market is
large
• In terms of getting raw materials
– competing with local prices
and global players
111

(Weak, Moderate,
& Strong)
Exporters don’t see themselves
competing with each other but
they see the need to cooperate
and collaborate and work
together as one country.
Trust Input Supplier – Feed & Other • Some business information

Input Supplier Equipment maybe withheld but each
Suppliers ensures quality of its products,
- Moderate i.e., feeds.
Hatcheries • Answers and communicates only

- Moderate when asked and when there are
concerns that need to be
addressed.
Farmer – Farmer Strong • Trust between and among

farmers is very good; farmers
with years of experience in
farming willingly share to young
farmers
Processor – Weak • The shrimp processing industry

Processor is young and the global market is
huge.
• Processors don’t communicate

with each other since each has
its own process flow and
practices viz the PNS or the Code
of Practice for the Processing of
Shrimp and Prawns
Trader- Trader Moderate Local traders
Exporters
• Some exporters trust their co-
exporters and see themselves as
a team while some see other
exporters as competitors.
Benefits from Input Supplier – Feed & Other • Don’t gather intentionally and
Collective Input Supplier Equipment regularly; no association
Initiatives and Suppliers
Actions - Weak to
(Collaboration Moderate
112

(Weak, Moderate,
& Strong)
and
Cooperation) Hatcheries
- Weak to
Moderate
Farmer – Farmer Moderate to Strong • Presence of shrimp farmers

groups like PhilShrimp and
SARGEN
• There are still small un-

organized farmers
Processor – Weak • No opportunity yet for

Processor processors to have a common
activity
- But there is a common
agenda that can bind
processors re importation
requirements (Import
volume should be limited to
what is necessary and should
be subjected to the same
regulations we subject
domestic farming and
processing to)
- Used to have a DTI initiative

in forming a shrimp
manufacturers cluster but it
did not materialize
- Fresh Frozen Association but

this association is not
specific to shrimp processors
only (includes tuna and
other seafood products)
- Need to bring together

manufacturers and other
players in the industry to
bring in the Philippines in
the radar of global buyers
Trader- Trader Weak Local Traders
Exporters
113

(Weak, Moderate,
& Strong)
• No association of shrimp trader-
exporters yet
Source: KII, FGD
2. Vertical Relationships
The vertical relationships between and among shrimp players of the different VC segments in the
country are indicated in Table 24.
Table 24. Summary of Vertical Relationships among Shrimp Industry Players in the Philippines
Procurement Input Moderate to • Market-base price
of Supply Suppliers- Strong • With suki buyers
Farmers • Buyer inquires on stock availability
• Negotiate on arrangements
• Advance booking
• May give discounts on a case-to-case basis
(e.g., suki buyers)
Farmer – Moderate • Spot marketing (farm to market)

Trader - Some traders bargain too much of the
price (consignation)
Farmer – Moderate • Spot marketing is dominant

Processor - Local market is lucrative
• Regular sub-contracting is also employed
• Forward sub-contracting, out-grower

schemes, and contract farming are difficult
- Many farms are not registered and/or
accredited
• For exports: highly technical requirements

(i.e., color, shells, & sizes) specifications and
requirements of international market will
have to be passed on to the growers;
compliance to standards is critical
- Thus, rely heavily on internal farm to
ensure the quality
114

Note: Some processors rely solely on internal
farms. Other processors source 90% of its raw
materials from internal farms.
Trader – Moderate to • Trader exporters usually handle the logistics

Processor Strong requirements; traders also bear the losses
along the way
Information Input Moderate to • Data sharing is good.

Sharing on Suppliers- Strong
Technology Farmers
and Price Farmer – Moderate • Informal pricing; based on prevailing market
Trader price
Farmer – Moderate • Informal pricing; based on prevailing market

Processor price
• Quality standards of processors not yet fully
known /fully disseminated to all
farmers/growers
- each defect (like softshell, deformities,
full gut, white tissue, black gills, and
other quality issues) should not exceed
5%
- maximum total defects – tolerance is
15% for SANACOR/SAFI (they do live
harvest and processing since farm
locations are near the processing
facility); only 5% for Fisher Farms & De
Oro (where farms are far away, as far as
Visayas, from the processing facility;
buys in bulk)
Note: Softshells are usually related to

logistics problem/delay and are usually
charged to the logistics provider
• For external farms as source, information

sharing is critical
Trader – Moderate to • Traders and exporters know and share

Processor Strong information to processors in terms of
location of raw materials, and prices
115

Quality Input Moderate to • Farmer buyers require laboratory

Control Suppliers- Strong analysis/health certificate first
Farmers • Buyer checks quality
Farmer – Moderate to • Informal – visual inspection and/or sampling

Trader Strong of physical appearance and size for pricing
• Pricing is pre-determined by bracket; the
bigger the size, the higher the price; good
appearance is also a plus factor
• Health certificates and accreditations are
required
• LTP and auxiliary invoice are required
Farmer – Strong • Informal – visual inspection and/or sampling

Processor of physical appearance and size for pricing
(problem is if variability is very apparent)
• Pricing is pre-determined by bracket; the
bigger the size and the good appearance, the
higher the price
• Health certificate and accreditation are
required
- Farms must be BFAR-accredited for
export market
• LTP and auxiliary invoice are required for
processor
Trader – Strong • Same specifications apply and deviations are
Processor traced and charged accordingly
Presence of Input Moderate to • Free delivery on a minimum volume and free
Value Added Suppliers- Strong meals during PL inspection;
Services Farmers • Transaction with them is pleasant and fast;
the hatchery gave technical support and
share their experiences; they also gave
percentage of mortality additional from our
orders.
Farmer – Moderate • De Oro Resources: sends harvest team to the
Trader farm; rent-out tracking services
• Some traders pick-up stocks from the farm
• Some traders provide ice needed for harvest
• Some traders don’t provide any value added
• Some traders sell short the price and get
“resiko”
Farmer – Strong • Agri-aquatic/SANACOR/SAFI Foods Inc:

Processor sampling, harvesting and transporting from
116

farm to plant is done by the processor at no
cost to the farmer/grower to monitor and
ensure quality; growers may opt to directly
deliver to the plant but the pricing might be
different since quality may not be as good
compared to when the harvesting is done by
the processor.
Trader – Moderate • Specification deviations are traced and

Processor charged accordingly.
Source: KII, FGD
D. Price and Cost Structure
Table 25 shows the estimated cost distribution for the shrimp industry by segment of the VC.
Table 25. Cost Distribution for the Shrimp VC by Segment

VC Segment Estimated Cost Range Remarks
Input provision ●37.54% for P. monodon ● Highest percentage share for the cost based
on farmgate price of shrimp.
●38.90% for P. vannamei.
● Includes costs of PL, feeds, chemicals, and

supplements, as well as equipment and
machineries.
Farm Production ●33.93% for P. monodon ● Next highest percentage share

●26.80% for P. vannamei.
● Includes pond preparation, pumping cost,
aeration cost, water treatment, direct labor,
and other costs.
●3.52% for harvesting ● Harvesting is technically under the farm

production segment as indicated in the VC
maps.
Trading ●5.39% ● Includes transport and labor costs.
Processing ●~10% ● Includes raw materials, labor, energy,

logistics, and packaging as well as repair
and maintenance costs.
Final sale ●~12% ● Includes costs for distribution and logistics
support.
117

Note: Estimated freight charges in the export
market is 0.05% of the total cost per kilogram
Source: PNS for shrimp, KIIs
1. Income and Profits
P. monodon Farming Income
Expenses for a one-hectare pond black tiger shrimp culture is estimated to be Php 2.2 million, bulk
of production expenditure is allotted to feeds (33.96%), energy (21.56%), and labor (11.90%).
At 135 DOC, P. monodon could reach an average body weight of 35 grams. A one-hectare pond with a
stocking density of 25 pcs/sqm at 85% survival rate, production is approximately 7,000 kgs. At an
average selling price of PhP400.00/kg, the revenue for a 7-ton production per hectare is Php 2.8
million and an expected of PhP573, 400.00 profit per cycle. Return of investment (ROI) is at 25.75%
per hectare per cycle.
Table 26. Cost-Benefit Analysis for P. monodon Farming per Hectare

CBA for P. monodon
BENEFIT
Price 400/kg
Volume 7,000kg/ha
COST
Post Larvae (PL) 175,000.00 25.00 7.86%
Feeds 756,000.00 108.00 33.95%
Equipment & Materials -
(Depreciation)
Pumping 5,600.00 0.80 0.25%
Aeration 60,000.00 8.57 2.69%
Energy 480,000.00 68.57 21.56%
Labor 265,000.00 37.86 11.90%
Other costs 105,000.00 15.00 4.72%
TOTAL COST 2,226,600.00 318.09 100.00%
NET RETURN 573,400.00 81.91
ROI 25.75 25.75
118

P. vannamei Farming Income
The intensive vannamei culture expenses could reach PhP 3,240,800 per cycle. The majority of the
production cost is the feeds (42.80%) followed by energy cost for aeration and pumping of seawater
(20.98%), and then chemicals and supplements (10.49%).
At 110 DOC, P. vannamei could reach an average body weight of 25grams. With 80 pcs/m2 stocking
rate at 85 percent survival rate, a hectare could produce up to 17,000 kilograms of shrimp per crop.
At an average selling price of PhP 270.00/kg, the expected total revenue is PhP 4,590.000.00 and PhP
1,574, 800.00 net profit. ROI is at 41.63%.
Table 27. Cost-Benefit Analysis for P. vannamei Intensive Farming per Hectare
CBA for P. vannamei
BENEFIT
Price 270/kg
Volume 17,000kg/ha
COST
Post Larvae (PL) 208,000.00 12.24 6.42%
Feeds 387,200.00 81.60 42.80%
Equipment & Materials -
(Depreciation)
Pumping 5,600.00 0.33 0.17%
Aeration 60,000.00 3.53 1.85%
Energy 680,000.00 40.00 20.98%
Labor 295,000.00 17.35 9.10%
Other costs 105,000.00 6.18 3.24%
TOTAL COST 3,240,800.00 190.64 100.00%
NET RETURN 1,349,200.00 79.36
ROI 41.63 41.63
Based on Tables 25 and 26, it can be inferred that ROI of 41.63% is relatively higher compared to P.
monodon farming’s ROI of 25.75%. The former, though, is more capital intensive (Php 3.2 million)
compared to the latter (Php 2.2 million).
2. Relative Financial Position of Players
The computation of the relative financial position of players (RFP) is done to gauge if benefits across
the chain players have been distributed proportionately. Since frozen shrimp, which is equivalent to
119

84% of the total volume of shrimp exported, is the most dominant product form, this will be given
focus.
P. monodon
Table 28. Relative Financial Position for Fresh P. monodon Shrimps Sold Domestically
Added % % %
Value Chain Unit Added Unit Unit Total Unit Total
Player Unit Cost Cost Cost Price Profit Profit Margin Margin
Farmer/
Grower 318.09 318.09 91.4% 400 81.91 62.1% 400 83.3%
Trader 415 15 4.3% 420 5 3.8% 20 4.2%
Retailer/
Market Vendor 435 15 4.3% 480 45 34.1% 60 12.5%
Total 1,168.09 348.09 131.91 480
Figure 56. Relative Financial Position for Fresh P. monodon Shrimps Sold Domestically
Farmer Trader Retailer
4.3%
12.5%
4.3%
34.1% 4.2%
3.8%
91.4% 83.3%
62.1%
% ADDED COST % TOTAL PROFIT % TOTAL

MARGIN
Growers of P. monodon bore the greater share of cost. While profits are also quite high for farmers,
it should be noted that one cycle will also take them 135 days compared to traders and retailers
where it will only take a very short period of time.
P. vannamei
120

Growers of P. monodon bore the greater share of cost. While profits are also quite high for farmers,
it should be noted that one cycle will also take them 135 days compared to traders and retailers
where it will only take a very short period of time.
P. vannamei
Table 29. RFP for Fresh P. vannamei Shrimps Sold Domestically

120
Added % % %
Value Chain Unit Added Unit Unit Total Unit Total
Player Unit Cost Cost Cost Price Profit Profit Margin Margin
Farmer/
Grower 190.64 190.64 86.4% 270 79.36 61.3% 270 77.1%
Trader 285 15 6.8% 290 5 3.9% 20 5.7%
Retailer/
Market Vendor 305 15 6.8% 350 45 34.8% 60 17.1%
Total 780.64 220.64 129.36 350
Figure 57. RFP for fresh P. vannamei Shrimps Sold Domestically
% Added Cost % Total Profit % Total Margin
77.1% 5.7% 17.1%
61.3% 3.9%
34.8%
86.4% 6.8%
6.8%
FARMER TRADER RETAILER
Retailers appear to benefit the most for P. vannamei. Also, it should be noted that farmers require
110 DOC.
SECTION 4. MARKETS AND MARKET OPPORTUNITIES
A. Market and Market Trends
The major drivers of the industry are rising disposable incomes, increasing population, increasing
health consciousness, growing demand for convenient and ready-to-eat food, rapid urbanization,
changing lifestyles, and easy availability of the product particularly with the increasing popularity of
121
Retailers appear to benefit the most for P. vannamei. Also, it should be noted that farmers require
110 DOC.
SECTION 4. MARKETS AND MARKET OPPORTUNITIES
A. Market and Market Trends
The major drivers of the industry are rising disposable incomes, increasing population, increasing
health consciousness, growing demand for convenient and ready-to-eat food, rapid urbanization,
changing lifestyles, and easy availability of the product particularly with the increasing popularity of
the e-Commerce platforms which includes order121 and delivery of frozen and fresh seafood products,
including shrimps. All of these factors are expected to aid the market growth.
Shrimp has high nutritional value. It is a good source of protein, vitamins and minerals like niacin,
zinc, riboflavin, thiamine, pyridoxine, cobalamin, vitamin A, vitamin D vitamin E, iron, calcium,
sodium, phosphorous, zinc, magnesium, potassium, and iodine. People who are health conscious
usually add shrimps to their diet due to the fact that those vitamins and minerals can aid in
maintaining a healthy immune system. It is also noted that shrimp has no carbohydrates and is low
in fat and calories. Zinc, which can be also found in shrimp, helps increase the production of leptin,
which is a regulator of fat storage, appetite and overall energy use in the body. Shrimp has many
health benefits. Among them are preventing hair loss, maintaining healthy bones, improving memory
performance, reducing menstrual cramps, eliminating bad cholesterol, and reducing the risk of lung
and prostate cancer. The increasing awareness of health and wellness and fast paced life across the
globe is driving demand for seafood products to be consumed on a daily basis.
Demands on shrimp definitely depend on the preferences of the consumers. Most of the consumers
want value-added and ready-to-cook shrimp from online channels and supermarkets. Being over
dependent on restaurants and fresh markets, live and chilled shrimp significantly reduced.
Processing and freezing for long-term storage and value adding for local and export markets are
needed. Further, flourishing of Asian cuisine worldwide increases the demand for shrimp
consumption. A lot of people fancy eating Asian delicacies like sushi and tempura nowadays.
Moreover, organic food has become a niche nowadays and has a potential market in the future.
With the global efficiency in supply chains, including the cold chains, availability of shrimp products
in various forms, whether in frozen block, fresh, live or value-added, are traded worldwide and can
be available in various retail outlets, be it in wet markets or mall-based supermarkets.
1. Export Markets
About 8% of total shrimp production in the Philippines is exported to other countries. In 2019,
shrimp ranked fourth among the major fisheries export commodities (Figure 58) with Php 2.2 billion
foreign earnings next to tuna (Php 24.6 billion), seaweeds (Php 12.9 billion), and crabs (Php 5.1
billion).

Figure 58. Major Fisheries Export in Terms of Value (in Billion Pesos), 2019
Shrimp products exported are either frozen, fresh or chilled, dried, and prepared and preserved.
Frozen shrimp, which is equivalent to 84% of total volume of shrimp exported, is the most dominant
product form, followed by prepared and preserved, fresh or chilled and dried with 13%, 3% and 1%,
respectively (Table 30).
Table 30. Shrimp Product Forms for Export, 2019

Shrimp Product forms Quantity (MT) FOB Value in (‘000 $) FOB Value in
(‘000 PhP)
Frozen 5,478 37,859 1,946,323
Fresh or chilled 204 1,631 83,850
Dried 38 399 20,524
Prepared and preserved 824 2,473 127,125
Total 6,544 42,362 2,177,822
Japan is the top destination of frozen shrimp which constitutes a great portion of Philippines shrimp
export equivalent to 43%. This is followed by the USA (18%), South Korea (14%), Taiwan (8%),
France (6%), and the remaining 10% is further distributed to other countries (Figure 59).
123

Although Japan is a major export destination of Philippine shrimp, it only constitutes a small fraction
of Japan’s total shrimp import standing at a meager 1% (Figure 60). Japan's market is largely supplied
by Vietnam (24%), India (22%), Indonesia (18%), and Argentina (10%)
Source: https://www.intracen.org/
During the last decade, the Philippine’s export volume trend has fluctuated (Figure 61). While an
ensuing peak was observed in 2017 as demand for shrimp in Asia grew stronger, its highest export
volume of 11,706 MT in 2010 was no longer paralleled nor surpassed within the period covered
herein.
124

Decline in export volumes was associated mostly due to a decline in production with the emergence
of diseases. For instance, there was an outbreak of Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease
(AHPND) in Asia in 2012 to 2014 which caused the fluctuation in shrimp production, thus resulting
in the decreased shrimp exportation (Asian Fisheries Science, 2020). In 2018, the EHP was likewise
identified in farms causing the drop in production. The decline in 2020 was brought about largely by
the COVID-19 pandemic.
Figure 61. Philippine Shrimp Exports in Volume in MT, 2011-2020

14,000.00
12,000.00
10,000.00
8,000.00
6,000.00
4,000.00
2,000.00
0.00
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
In terms of export value, the highest export earnings for shrimp in the country was recorded in 2017
(Figure 62). This coincides with the 2nd highest volume of exports recorded during the same period
covered.
125

Figure 62. Philippine Shrimp Exports in Value in USD, 2011-2020
70,000,000.00
60,000,000.00
50,000,000.00
40,000,000.00
30,000,000.00
20,000,000.00
10,000,000.00
0.00
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
2. Domestic Markets
Majority of shrimp produced in the country were consumed locally, about 92%. The per capita
consumption for shrimp of each Filipino is currently set at around 0.8kg per year. This figure is based
on the average of 2013 and 2015 from the Food and Nutrition Research and Development Institute.
(FNRDI). This implies that the per capita consumption grew by 167% from 0.30 kilogram per year in
2003 to 0.8 kilogram per year in 2020. Based on the said data, the overall population in the Philippine
consumes around 50,000-65,000 MT of various species of shrimp per year during the last five (5)
years (Table 31). The demand for shrimp products is said to be positively correlated to the country’s
growing population.
Table 31. Demand for Shrimp, 2015-2020

Shrimp and
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Prawn
Shrimp Eating
74,601,098 76,066,331 77,494,923 78,890,602 80,253,140 81,585,691
Population
Demand
59,680,879 60,853,065 61,995,939 63,112,481 64,202,512 65,268,553
(kg)
Demand (tons) 59,680.88 60,853.07 61,995.94 63,112.48 64,202.51 65,268.55
Source: BFAR-NSPP
Since 2015, the Philippines has been shrimp sufficient except in 2018 and 2020 (Figure 63).
The supply of shrimp in the country should increase annually to cope with the increasing demand
for the said commodity. However, shrimp supply was not stable from 2015 to 2020 due to
diseases and different natural calamities.
126

Figure 63. Shrimp Sufficiency Level, 2015-2020
Source of basic data: PSA, FNRDI
Using the 0.8kg per capita consumption of shrimp among Filipinos, Table 32 depicts the projected
annual demand for shrimp and prawn from 2021-2025. The shrimp eating population is computed
using the assumption that the 10% of the population are in extreme poverty, which is deducted to
the total seafood eating population.
Table 32. Projected Annual Demand for Shrimp and Prawn, 2021-2025
SHRIMP & PRAWN 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
Per capita
0.8
consumption (in kg)
Shrimp Eating
79,193,782 80,398,501 81,570,234 82,711,814 83,816,558
Population
Demand (MT) 63,355.03 64,318.80 65,256.19 66,169.45 67,053.25
Source of basic data: PSA, FNRDI
For illustration purposes and using a 2% annual growth in production target, Table33 shows the
projected annual supply for shrimp (2021-2025). The volume only includes aquaculture production.
Table 33. Projected Annual Supply for Shrimp, 2021-2025

Volume of Production (MT) 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
Tiger Shrimp 42,935.25 43,793.95 44,669.83 45,563.23 46,474.49
Whiteleg Shrimp 21,024.73 21,445.22 21,874.13 22,311.61 22,757.84
White Shrimp 1,038.29 1,059.05 1,080.24 1,101.84 1,123.88
Endeavor Shrimp 416.5 424.83 433.32 441.99 450.83
Freshwater Shrimp 1.36 1.38 1.41 1.44 1.47
TOTAL 65,416.12 66,724.44 68,058.93 69,420.11 70,808.51
127

B. Price Trends
1. Export Markets
Figure 64 shows the global price trend of fresh shrimp during the last 10 years. It can be noted that
the highest price per kilo of shrimp during the said period was around 2014 as it hit more than US$10
per kilo. After which prices declined significantly but showed recovery in 2017-2018. Then another
downward trend was noted starting March 2018 and ultimately hit the lowest price September 2020
at US$6.7 per kilo.
Figure 64. Global Price of Fresh Shrimp in USD, April 2011 – April 2021
Source: https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/PSHRIUSDM
Under the export trade scenario, the average FOB prices of frozen shrimps in Manila would be US$
6.98 per kg less insurance and freight. At the exchange rate of PhP52/USD 1, this would be about
PhP362.96 per kg (Table 34). Subtracting the estimated handling and transport costs as well as the
exporter's margin and cost, the derived wholesale prices per kg of frozen shrimp was PhP350.00. The
analysis indicated that the Philippine shrimp was price competitive for export viz the domestic
wholesale price of PhP260.00 per kg.
128

Table 34. Price Competitiveness of Frozen Shrimp in the Philippines with Exports, 2019
P. vannamei, HL 20 gm/pc
Item
(PhP per kg)
Raw Materials Cost for Processing Shrimp 260
Labor 20
Power 12
Packaging 15
Others 20
Ex-plant Price 327
Marketing and Export Margin 23
Freight on Board (FOB) Price in US$ 6.98
2019 Average Exchange rate (PhP) 52
FOB Price 362.96
Source of basic data: Industry estimates & http://www.tradelinephilippines.dti.gov.ph
Competitiveness exists if the ratio of the derived wholesale price (or import parity price) to the
domestic wholesale price is greater than one. It should be noted also that export products are always
price competitive unless there are export quotas and taxes which favor processing in the local
market. Under a competitive regime, farm prices adjust to world prices. However, at low productivity,
farmers may not sustain production even if the product is “competitive”.
2. Domestic Markets
The farm gate prices of shrimp in the country varies depending on its species as shown in Figure 65,
In the last five years, Tiger Shrimp (P. monodon) commonly known as Sugpo has a prime farmgate
price ranging from PhP 419.64 to PhP 485.17 per kilogram. Whereas, P. vannamei ranges from PhP
229.44 to PhP 252.33 per kilogram. Endeavor shrimp farm gate price ranges from PhP 195.25 to
229.69 per kilogram. Lastly, white shrimp has the lowest farm gate price ranging from PhP 107.63 to
PhP 191.31 per kilogram. While there is a generally increasing trend of farm gate prices in the last 5
years, price fluctuation of different species of shrimp can be attributed to the supply and demand
conditions.
129

Figure 65. Farmgate Price of Shrimp, 2015-2020
Based on the market price monitoring conducted by the BFAR, annual prevailing market prices of P.
vannamei, and medium size with 31-60 pieces per kilogram ranges from PhP 300 to 400 per kg in the
last five years. Vannamei’s market price reached up to PhP 550 a kilo in 2018 and dropped up to PhP
200 a kilo in 2017 (Table 35). On the other hand, the market price for medium size with 16-25 pieces
per kilogram P. monodon is much higher than P. vannamei. Its prevailing annual market price ranges
from PhP 400 to 600 per kilogram in the last five years. In the same time frame, the lowest market
price for P. monodon was PhP 210 a kilo in 2016, while it reached as high as PhP 700 a kilo in 2017.
Table 35. P. monodon’s and P. vannamei’s Annual Prevailing Price, 2016-2020
Whiteleg Shrimp (P. vannamei) Black Tiger Shrimp (P. monodon)

Size: Medium (31-60pcs/kg) Size: Medium (16-25pcs/kg)
Prevailing Price Prevailing Price

Year (PhP/kg) High Low Year (PhP/kg) High Low
2016 300-350 500 240 2016 400-500 600 210
2017 350 500 200 2017 600 700 275
2018 350-400 550 240 2018 600 600 220
2019 300-400 500 280 2019 600 600 350
2020 400 450 250 2020 550 700 300

Source: BFAR-FIDSSD
The economic downturn in 2020 brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic seemed to also pull
down average prices of shrimps as the purchasing power of people also dwindled.
130

SECTION 5. SUPPORT SERVICES
A. Financial Services
Among the existing financial support for the shrimp industry includes the following:
Table 36. Financial Support Available to Shrimp Farmers in the Philippines

Financing Program/Loan Facility Eligible Borrowers Loanable
Institution Amount
1) Landbank of Retail Countryside Fund Sole proprietorship, Php 100,000 to
the (RCF I and II) for Working partnership, corporation Php 10,000,000
Philippines Capital and Fixed Asset (at least 70% Filipino-
(LBP)
Investment (New and/or owned), Cooperatives/
Incremental) Associations with projects
located outside NCR and
Cebu City
Credit Program for Agricultural cooperatives, Up to 80% of the

Cooperatives (CPC) or non-farmers or credit project cost
Cooperative Lending cooperatives, institutional For rediscounting,
Program (CLP) or employees’ association, up to 85% of the
Agricultural Product cooperatives which meet outstanding
Loan (APL) intended to the LBP accreditation balance
finance crop production minimum requirements For institutional/
Working Capital Loan employees
(WCL) for operating associations,
capital cooperatives, up to
Rediscounting Line (RL) P300,000
to supplement operating
capital through
rediscounting or
promissory notes (PNs) of
members
Accelerating Change in Eligible partners: Equity investment

the Countryside thru cooperatives/ amount of P1
Equity Sharing Strategy federations, farmers and million and shall
(ACCESS) an Equity fisher folk, Non- not exceed P20
Investment program to Government million
catalyze countryside Organizations (NGOs),
development by private entrepreneurs,
promoting livelihood and Local Government Unit
rural employment (LGUs), and other
interested investors
provided they have no
adverse credit
131

Institution Amount
investigation/background
investigation (CI/BI)
reports
Easy Pondong Pang- Sole Proprietorship, 80% of the total

Asenso (EPPA) for partnership, corporations project cost and
Working Capital and Fixed engaged in the borrower has
Asset Acquisition except manufacturing, to put up the 20%
lot agribusiness and as equity either in
processing, and services cash or in kind
including trading &
merchandising (minimum
of 3 million and maximum
of 100 million)
SME Unified Lending Profitable enterprises Maximum of P5

Opportunities for with track record except million
National Growth trading of imported
(SULONG) for Working goods, liquor, cigarettes,
Capital and extractive industries
Export Packing Credit Single proprietorship, Up to 80% of the

Line (EPCL) for financing partnership, corporation project cost
of pre-shipment working engaged in agri-business,
capital manufacturing, trading
and services
Agricultural Credit For Agri-

Support Project • Small farmers and enterprise and
fisherfolk groups Livelihood
• Agrarian Reform Projects
Beneficiaries • For those with
Organizations (ARBOs) existing crop
• Farmers Organizations production loan,
(FOs) other than ARBOs up to 10% of the
• Peoples Organizations loan portfolio of
(POs) the borrower
• Other Conduits such as • For those
Coops, Rural Banks and without existing
NGOs crop production
loan under
ACPC, up to
P1,000,000 per
borrower
132
Institution Amount
Agricultural and Fishers This program is for the Based on the
Financing Program Non-Agrarian Reform credit
Beneficiary Small Farmers requirement of the
and Small Fishers project but not to
(NASFSF): exceed 80% of the
project cost.
Eligibility Criteria for
Individual Borrowers
(small fishers) • Minimum Loan
• Those operating fishing = P 20,000 per
vessels of not more than project
three tons in capacity; • Maximum Loan
• Those operating = P 300,000 per
fishponds of less than borrower for
five hectares or fish total projects
cages of less than 400 which can
square meters; finance up to
• Fish workers in fishing three various
boats, fishponds, or fish projects,
processing simultaneously
establishments;
• Any other individuals
who are engaged in
processing, and
distribution
2) Agricultural Agro-Industry ● The program provides

Credit Policy Modernization Credit and financing to small
Council Financing Program farmers through
(AMCFP) cooperative banks.
(ACPC)
Survival and Recovery Survival

(SURE) Assistance Small farmers and Assistance (Grant)
Program fisherfolk whose • Up to
livelihood was affected by P10,000.00 per
the calamity borrower
Survival Assistance Recovery

(Grant) Assistance (Loan)
• For immediate and • Up to
emergency needs of the P25,000.00 per
affected borrowers borrower
Recovery Assistance
(Loan)
133

Institution Amount
• To finance the
requirements of
rehabilitating his/her
farming and/or fishing
or livelihood activities
• Includes production
inputs, repair of
farm/fishery assets, and
acquisitionof
livestock/work animals.
Production Loan Easy Those who are classified Eligible farmer/

Access (PLEA) Facility as marginal and small fisherfolk
farmers and fisherfolk borrowers can
registered under the Juan avail themselves
Magsasaka’t Mangingisda of up to Php
National Database System 50,000 depending
or the Registry System for on the agri-fishery
Basic Sectors in production project
Agriculture (RSBSA). to be financed.
Only one member
Small fisherfolk who are of the household
directly or indirectly can avail of a loan
engaged in taking, at a time.
culturing, or processing Household
fishery or aquatic member can be
resources, to include, either the head,
a) those engaged in spouse or adult
fishing using gears working member.
that do not require boats

or boats less than three
(3) tons, in municipal
waters, coastal and
marine areas;
b) workers in commercial
fishing and aquaculture;
c) vendors and processors
of fish and coastal
products;
d) substinence producers
such as shell-gatherers,
managers, and producers
of mangrove resources,
and other related
producers
134

Institution Amount
(Presidential AO No. 21 of
2011, Revised IRR of RA
8425/Social Reform Act).
Marginal farmers and

fisherfolks whose
incomes are within the
poverty threshold as
defined by the National
Economic Development
Authority (NEDA)
3) Department of Department of Science Micro, small and medium Up to P5 million

Science and and Technology- Small enterprises under the without interest
Technology Enterprise Technology sectors like food
Upgrading Program processing, metals and
(DOST)
(DOST- SETUP) Program engineering, gifts, décor,
and handicraft, furniture,
agriculture, aquaculture
and marine who wants to
improve their operations
and boost their
productivity as well as
competitiveness.
4) Development Sustainable Agribusiness Business entities duly • For regular

Bank of the Financing Program (SAFP) registered with Security loans, loan
Philippines and Exchange amount shall
Commission (SEC), DTI, be up to
(DBP)
Department of Labor and maximum of
Employment (DOLE), 90% of the
Cooperative Development Total Project
Authority (CDA); and Cost (TPC)
LGUs who are engaged in
the production, harvest,
processing, marketing of
crops, poultry, livestock,
and fishery as well as
agricultural plantation
projects
B. Non-Financial Services
The key institutions in the shrimp industry are composed of two sectors: the government and non-
government agencies. The government agencies involved in the development and the improvement
of the Philippines shrimp industry are: the BFAR; the DTI including the Board of Investments (DTI-
135

BOI) and the Industry-Export Marketing Bureau (DTI-EMB); the PSA; the Department of Science and
Technology-Philippine Council for Agriculture, Aquatic and Natural Resources Research and
Development (DOST-PCAARRD); the DENR; the Department of Finance – Bureau of Customs (DOF-
BOC); and, State Colleges and Universities (SUCs).
The non-government agencies concerned with the sustainable growth of the industry are Philippine
Shrimp Industry, Inc. (PHILSHRIMP), SEAFDEC-AQD, Negros Prawn Producers’ Cooperative (NPPC),
and Sarangani GenSan Stakeholders Shrimp Association (SARGEN).
Table 37 summarizes the institutions, both government and private, and their respective roles in the
Philippine shrimp industry.
Table 37. Non-Financial Services Available to Shrimp Farmers in the Philippines

Actors Relevant Mandate Possible Roles and Responsibilities
a) National Government Agencies (NGAs)
DA-BFAR • Provide extensive development Shrimp Health Management Program:

support services in all aspects a) Shrimp Disease Diagnostic
of fisheries production, Laboratories
processing and marketing
b) Accreditation/Certification
• Coordinate efforts relating to and Registration of Shrimp
fishery production undertaken Farms
by the primary fishery
c) Shrimp Disease Surveillance
producers, LGUs, Fisheries and
Monitoring and Reporting
Aquatic Resource Management
Councils (FARMCs), fishery and d) Organize and support shrimp
organization / cooperatives organizations of the private
sector
• Implement and inspection
system for import and export e) Recommends researchable
of fishery / aquatic products areas to institutions
and fish processing
establishments consistent with f) Policy formulation for the
international standards to improvement of the shrimp
ensure product quality and industry
safety
• Coordinate with LGUs and

other concerned agencies for
the establishment of
productivity-enhancing and
market development programs
in fishing communities to
enable women to engage in
other fisheries / economic
activities and contribute
136

significantly to development
efforts
• Enforce all laws, formulate and

enforce all rules and
regulations governing the
conservation and management
of fishery resources, except in
municipal waters and to settle
conflicts of resource use and
allocation in consultation with
the NFARMC, LGUs, and local
FARMCs
• Develop value-added fishery

products for domestic
consumption and export
• Recommend measures for the

protection/ enhancement of
the fishery industries
• Assist the LGUs in developing

their technical capability in the
development, management,
regulation conservation, and
protection of the fishery
resources
• Perform such other related

functions which shall promote
the development, conservation,
management protection and
utilization of fisheries and
aquatic resources
DTI-BOI Committed to generate local and a) Marketing and Promotions

foreign investments and develop
b) Knowledge-based Research &
globally competitive industries,
Information
thus, increasing employment
through the responsible use of the
country’s resources, guided by the
principles of private initiative and
government cooperation.
137

DTI-EMB Responsible for realizing the a) Trade and Industry Policy
country's goal of globally Formulation Services
competitive and innovative
b) Trade and Investment
industry and services sector that Promotion Services
contribute to inclusive growth and
employment generation. c) Technical Advisory Services
d) Consumer Protection Services
e) Business Regulation Services
DOST-PCAARRD Formulate policies, plans, projects, a) Human Resource

and strategies for S&T Development
development in the agriculture,
b) Scholarships and Trainings
forestry, aquatic and natural
resources sectors c) Publications Incentive
Program
PSA The major statistical agency a) CountrySTAT Philippines

responsible for collecting,
b) Production Marketing and
compiling, classifying, producing,
Analysis Service (PMAS)
publishing, and disseminating
general-purpose statistics.
DENR Responsible for the conservation, a) National Greening Program

management, development, and (NGP)
proper use of the country’s
b) Protected Area Management
environment and natural and Development
resources, specifically forest and
grazing lands, mineral resources, c) Biodiversity Conservation
including those in reservation and d) Coastal and Marine
watershed areas, and lands of the Resources/Areas Management
public domain, as well as the
licensing and regulation of all e) Clean Air, Clean water, and
Solid waste Program
natural resources as may be
provided for by law in order to f) Implementation of Manila Bay
ensure equitable sharing of the Operational Plan
benefits derived therefrom for the
g) Geo-hazard Mapping
welfare of the present and future
generations of Filipinos.
DOF-BOC Facilitate trade in a secured a) Prevent smuggling
manner
138

b) Control import and export
cargo
b) Non-Government Agencies (NGAs)
PHILSHRIMP • To promote and maintain the a) Co-organize industry seminars,

growth and improvement of the congress, and workshops
and improvement of the
b) Support laboratory services
Philippine shrimp industry
provided by NPPC
relative to research,
development, production of c) Support government projects
products such as shrimps,
prawns and other aquatic species d) Recommend researchable areas in
shrimp aquaculture
• The creation and development of
global and local market for the
product of shrimp industry
• To provide assistance in
obtaining capital or credit
facilities necessary for financing
of the operation of its members
SEAFDEC-AQD • Promote and undertake research a) Sustainable Aquaculture

on aquaculture relevant and
b) Food Safety
appropriate to the region
• Encourage human resource c) Fish Health
development in aquaculture
through training and extension d) Resource Enhancement
• Disseminate and exchange
information in aquaculture
NPPC • Provide laboratory services to a) Physico-Chemical Microbiological

clients in a team environment for test for drinking water
the delivery of quality results
b) Environmental analysis (water
using documented quality system
and wastewater)
c) Fry, soil and water analysis in
aquaculture
d) Deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase
chain reaction (DNA-PCR) Analysis
e) Analysis for natural products
f) Analysis for pesticide Residue
139

SARGEN Shrimp Dedicated to work for the benefit a) Increase and disseminate
of the shrimp growers and knowledge about shrimp culture
stakeholders in the SARGEN area, and processing through
be the voice in its advocacy and to publications, meetings, conference
advance as a globally competitive and other means
industry especially in the advent of b) Advocate policy issues affecting
the Association of Southeast Asian the industry
Nations (ASEAN) Economic
c) Facilitate and assist trade
Integration.
negotiations and marketing of the
fresh and processed shrimp
products
d) Conduct projects and activities
that will help develop and sustain
the industry;
Provide a forum for fellowship and
camaraderie among individuals
who share common interests.
140

SECTION 6. ENABLING ENVIRONMENT
A. Formal Rules, Regulations and Policies
Key Legislations Affecting the Philippine Shrimp Industry
Below is a list of relevant domestic laws, including Republic Acts (RAs), policies, and regulations that,
in one way or another, affect the Philippine shrimp industry.
Table 38. Key Legislations, Policies and Regulations Affecting the Philippine Shrimp Industry
RA/Department Title Brief Description
Order Number
RA No. 8435 The Agriculture and Is geared toward “industrialization and full
Fisheries Modernization employment based on sound agricultural
Act of 1997 (AFMA) development and agrarian reform” and promotes
the utilization of national resources “in the most
efficient and sustainable way possible by
establishing more equitable access to assets,
income, basic support services and
infrastructure”.
It is directed toward the modernization of the

fisheries sector by transforming it into a
technology-based industry with a high degree of
horizontal and vertical integration and able to
compete in the global market by producing more
and better value-added products.
RA No. 10654 An Act to Prevent, Deter,
Aims to deter and eliminate illegal, unreported
Eliminate Illegal, and unregulated fishing. Amendments deal with
Unreported and several aspects of the abovementioned Code,
Unregulated Fishing, specifying new management and conservation
Amending Republic Act measures to conserve and manage living marine
No. 8550, otherwise resources, fisheries and aquaculture in the
known as “The Philippines and the reconstitution or
Philippine Fisheries establishment of fisheries institutions both at the
Code of 1998” national and local level.
RA No. 7586 National Integrated An act providing for the establishment and
Protected Areas System management of national integrated protected
(NIPAS) Act of 1992 areas system, defining its scope and coverage, and
for other purposes.
RA No. 6657 Comprehensive The Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program
Agrarian Reform Law of (CARP) of the Department of Agrarian Reform
1988 (CARL) (DAR) also affects the aquaculture policy
governance.
RA No. 7160 The Local Government Primarily aimed at devolving the legislative powers
Code (LGC) of 1991 of national government in favor of the local cities
and municipalities who administers and do the
actual management of their own resources.
141
Order Number
The LGU code is designed to implement national

laws and regulations at the local levels by virtue of
ordinances. They were also granted the licensing
jurisdiction granted them over all fishery
privileges within their territorial jurisdiction,
particularly in cases of aquaculture with the use of
fish pens, cages, traps, and other structures for the
culture of fish and other fishery products.
Executive Order Full Devolution of Consistent with Sections 3 and 17 of RA 7160, this
No. 138 Certain Functions of the is in pursuit to the full devolution of functions to
Executive Branch to the LGUs no later than the end of Fiscal Year
Local Governments, 2024.
Creation of a Committee
on Devolution, and for For the DA, initiatives are now underway in jump
Other Purposes starting the pilot testing of the Provincial
Agriculture and Fisheries Extension Services
(PAFES). For the BFAR, the crafting of National
Fisheries Extension Plan (NFEP) is also ongoing.
RA No. 10611 Food Safety Act of 2013 Strengthens the food safety regulatory system in
the country. Specifically, it protects the public
from food-borne and water-borne illnesses and
unsanitary, unwholesome, misbranded or
adulterated foods; enhances industry and
consumer confidence in the food regulatory
system; and seeks to achieve economic growth
and development by promoting fair trade
practices and sound regulatory foundation for
domestic and international trade.
Generally, the Food Safety Law adopts the

principle of Food Law Objectives which aims for a
high level of food safety, protection of human life
and health in the production and consumption of
food. The law also recognizes the use of science-
based risk analysis in food safety regulation and
protection of consumer interests.
In concise terms, it delineates and links the

mandates and responsibilities of the government
agencies involved in the process; provides
mechanism for coordination and accountability in
the implementation of regulatory functions; and
establish policies and programs for addressing
food safety hazards and developing appropriate
standards and control measures; strengthens the
142

Order Number
scientific basis of the regulatory system; and
upgrades the capability of farmers, fisherfolk,
industries, consumers, and government personnel
in ensuring food safety.
Republic Act No. Philippine Halal Export The Halal market requires processed food
10817 Development and products to be halal certified. Halal food means
Promotion Act of 2016 that it is permitted under the Shariah (Islamic)
Law. It requires that food does not contain any
component or raw materials from animals that is
not Halal, or any ingredient that is considered
haram or forbidden. And during preparation,
processing or manufacturing, the tools or
equipment used must not be contaminated by the
product with ingredients which are considered
haram.
Administrative Revised Guidelines for This order prescribes the rules and regulations on
Order No. 22 the Issuance of National the certification of producers and manufacturers
Series of 2009 Quality Seal for in using National Quality Seal to ensure the safety
Agricultural and Fishery and quality of fresh, primary or secondary
Products processed.
Administrative Implementing Veterinary drugs used in food producing animals
Order No. 24 Guidelines on the is controlled and regulated.
Series of 2009 National Veterinary
Drug Residues Control
Program in Foods
pursuant to
Administrative Order
No. 14 Series of 2006
BFAR Traceability System for Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources is

Administrative Fish and Fishery mandated as a food safety agency to develop and
Circular No. 251 Products enforce food safety and traceability standards and
Series of 2014 regulations for food in the primary production
and post-harvest stages of food supply chain while
specifying punishable acts and their
corresponding penalties. International recognized
traceability is an essential risk management tool
that enables the individual members of the supply
chain to identify the problems quickly and
disseminate promptly the information to affected
parties.
Moreover, Philippines is committed to curb Illegal
Unregulated and Unreported Fishing (IUUF) by
preventing international market entry of IUUF-
derived products. DA is recognized by the EU,
Australia and members of the ASEAN as
Philippines’ competent authority mandated in
143

Order Number
verifying application and enforcement of relevant
laws and regulations on the safety of fishery and
aquaculture products.
Department of Rules and Regulations This administrative order of the DOH is intended
Health (DOH) on the Licensing of Food to ensure food safety through the imposition of
Administrative Establishments and food quality standard in the country. It will cover
Order No. 2014- Registration of the issuance of permits, licenses and certificate of
0029 Processed Food, and registration or compliance that would cover
other Food Products, establishments, facilities engaged in packing,
and For Other Purposes holding or producing of food for consumption.
Specifically, the objectives of the AO No. 2014-

0029 are:
1) Adoption of risk-based classification of food
establishments and food products as
published by the Food and Agriculture
Organization of the United Nation;
2) The issuance of License to Operate (LTO) to

food establishments engaged in the
manufacture or processing and distribution,
i.e. import, export or wholesale, or trade and
repacking of processed food products; and
3) The issuance of the Certificate of Product

Registration (CPR) to Food and Drug
Authority (FDA)-licensed establishments
before processed food and other food
products are sold, offered for sale or use,
distributed or supplied, among other
marketing and promotional activities.
Department of Revised Guidelines on Current Good Manufacturing Practice (cGMP) is a

Health Current Good key factor for industries to produce good quality,
Administrative Manufacturing Practice safe and affordable products. It is intended to
Order No. 153 S. in Manufacturing, established product quality and safety among food
2004 Packing, Repacking, or manufacturing sector, to be able to compete well
Holding Food and profit under a globalized economy.
The revised guidelines are intended to align with

international standards of cGMP (i.e., United
States Department of Agriculture or the USDA
and/or EU cGMP). It will also allow for consistent
industry implementation and regulatory
inspection by FDA regulators.
144

Order Number
Philippine Code of Good This PNS aims to prevent or reduce the risk of
National Aquaculture Practices hazards occurring during preproduction,
Standards - (GAqP) on Hatchery for production, harvesting, and postharvest handling
Bureau of Freshwater Prawn of aquaculture products, and ensuring aquatic
Agriculture and animal health and welfare. It also covers the food
Fisheries safety and quality requirements of the said fish
Standards and fishery products which guide local producers
(PNS/BAFS): to have safe and quality products, protect the
281, s 2019 health of consumer and ensure global
competitiveness.
Specifically, this Code of GAqP covers all stages of

culture practices in freshwater prawn hatchery
operations including broodstock management,
collecting, harvesting, packing, handling and
transport of berried females, larvae and post
larvae in order to produce good quality seed stock
for nursery and/or grow-out culture. It taken into
account the following aspects of aquaculture
production such as food safety, animal health and
welfare, environmental integrity, food
sustainability and socio-economic responsibility.
Source: PRDP fisheries related VCAs and other various online materials
http://www.bafs.da.gov.ph/phocadownload/FinalPNS/PNS%20BAFS%20281%20019%20GA
qP%20on%20Hatchery%20for%20Freshwater%20Prawn.pdf
BFAR Fisheries Administrative Orders
All other implementable laws and regulations governing the Fisheries Code of the Philippines are
expressed in a series of Fisheries Administrative Orders (FAOs) duly promulgated by BFAR as lead
fisheries regulatory agency of the government. Listed in Table 39 are the relevant FAOs affecting the
shrimp industry in the country.
145

Table 39. Key BFAR Fisheries Administrative Orders (FAOs) Affecting the Philippine Shrimp
Industry
FAO Title Impact to Shrimp Industry
Number
FAO 117, Rules and regulations governing the Pursuant to the provisions of Sections 7, 16
s 1975 operation of processing plants for and 18 of Presidential Decree No. 704,
fish and fishery/aquatic products otherwise known as the Fisheries Decree of
and prescribing/requiring 1975, provides the rules and regulations
standards, quality control and governing the operation of processing plants
inspection or processed fish and for fish and fishery/aquatic products and
fishery/aquatic products. prescribing/requiring standards, quality
control and inspection of fish and
fishery/aquatic products
FAO 189, Prohibiting the importation of live Pursuant to the provisions of Sections 4 and 7
s 1993 shrimp and prawn of all stages of Presidential Decree No. 704, as amended,
the following rules and regulations for the
prevention of the introduction and spread of
exotic disease agents which may endanger
the prawn industry are hereby promulgated.
FAO 195, Rules and regulations governing The order emphasizes the issuance of
s 1999 importation of fresh/ chilled/ frozen international health certificate on the
and fishery aquatic products imported fresh, chilled, frozen and fishery
aquatic products supported by
microbiological and chemical lab results,
storage requirements and visual inspection.
FAO 196, Guidelines on the creation and Through this provision will facilitate the
s 2000 implementation of Fisheries and creation of FARMC that will formulate
Aquatic Resources Management relevant ordinances and regulations
Council (FARMC) governing fisheries resources including
shrimps.
FAO 197, Rules and regulations governing the Pursuant to the provisions of Sections 3, 6,
s 2000 lease of public lands for fishpond 12, 13, 45, 46, 50, 55, 57, 65, and 107 of
development Republic Act No. 8550, otherwise known as
the Philippine Fisheries Code of 1998, and
Section 4 of Republic Act No. 7881, the
following rules and regulations governing the
lease of public lands for fishpond
development purposes are hereby
promulgated.
FAO 207, Prohibiting the importation and Pursuant to Sections 10, 61, (c and d), 67, and
s 2001 culture of imported live shrimp and 100 of RA 8550, this FAO prohibits the
prawn of all stages importation and culture of live shrimp of all
stages.
Only those which are granted with special

permit by Secretary of Agriculture with the
recommendation of the Director of Fisheries
146

Number
and Aquatic Resources are allowed. Those
granted are used only for scientific and/or
educational purposes subjected to terms and
conditions.
FAO 210, Rules and Regulations on the Pursuant to Section 61 (d) of R.A. No. 8550,
s 2001 exportation of fresh, chilled and the following rules and regulation on the
frozen fish and fishery/aquatic exportation of fresh, chilled or frozen fish and
products fishery/aquatic product are promulgated for
guidance of all concerned.
Only fish products which have been

processed in fish processing establishments
certified by BFAR that are compliant with
Sanitation Standard Operating Procedures
(SSOPs) and Hazard Analysis Critical Control
Point (HACCP) system shall be allowed to be
exported, provided that biological,
microbiological and chemical characteristics
are met.
FAO 212, Guidelines on the implementation of Implements HACCP system with appropriate
s 2001 HACCP system guidelines to address food safety concerns
and quality management for fish and fishery
products.
FAO 213, Establishment and maintenance of The order provides quality control
s 2001 BFAR’s quality control laboratories laboratories that will serve as support
and collection of fees and charges for services for the industry as part of their
examination services quality management.
FAO 214, Code of Practice for Aquaculture Pursuant to section 47 of RA 8550, this
s 2001 administrative order outlines the general
principles and guidelines for
environmentally-sound design and operation
for the sustainable development of the
industry.
FAO 220, Operation of the Fish Health Pursuant to Section 67 of RA 8550, this
s 2001 Laboratories and collection of fees administrative order indicates the guideline
and charges therefor on the operation of fish health laboratories
and collection of fees and charges for the
administrative services.
FAO 221, Further regulating the importation Pursuant to Sections 10, 61 (d). 65, 67, 100,
s 2003 of live fish and fishery/aquatic and 107 of RA 8850 and Section 7 of PD 704
products under FAO No. 135 s 1981 and further regulating the importation of live
to include microorganisms and fish and fishery/aquatic products to include
biomolecules aquatic microorganisms under FAO 135 s.
1981, this order regulates the importation of
147

Number
live fish and fishery aquatic products, aquatic
microorganisms, biomolecules including
GMOs and endangered species subject to the
agreement and regulations.
FAO 220- Amendment to the Section 11 of the Pursuant to Section 67 of RA 8550 and
1, s 2004 FAO 220: Operation of the Fish compliance to the requirement of EC
Health Laboratories and Collection Directive 96/23/EC on residue monitoring
of Fees and Charges therefor the fish health laboratories, shall provide
laboratory services for the screening of the
antibiotic residues.
FAO 225, Allowing the importation of the This FAO allows the import of specific-
s 2007 broodstock of Pacific White Shrimp, pathogen-free Pacific white shrimp
Penaeus vannamei and the culture of broodstock or P. vannamei in the Philippines.
the offspring thereof
FAO 225- Guidelines for the importation and Pursuant to the provisions of FAO 225 s.
1, S. Culture of Pacific White Shrimp 2007, this order issued the rules and
2007 (Penaeus vannamei) regulations needed when importing Pacific
White Shrimp.
FAO 225- Amending Sections 2 and Section 3 This order amends Sections 2 and 3 of FAO
2, s. 2008 of FAO 225 Series of 2007 and 225 Series of 2007 and provides
providing for additional provision requirements and guidelines for import and
under Section 2 thereof culture of P. vannamei.
FAO 225- Amending Section 1 of FAO 225 This order amends Section 1 of FAO 225
3, s. 2008 Series of 2007 Series of 2007.
FAO 227, Rules and regulations governing the The WTO agreement on the application of SPS
s 2008 export of fish and aquatic products measures requires members to base their
to European Union member national SPS measures on international
countries standards, guidelines and other
recommendations adopted by the Codex
Alimentarius Commission where these exist.
FAO 228, Rules governing the organization The WTO SPS agreement recognizes the right
s 2008 and implementation of official of member-countries to implement SPS
controls on fishery and aquatic measures necessary to protect human, animal
products intended for export to the or plant life or health by having general
EU market for human consumption hygiene rules for business operators
producing and handling of all foods.
FAO 230, Allowing the importation and culture FAO 207 series 2001 is lifted under certain
s. 2009 of the broodstock and post-larvae of specific conditions and guidelines pursuant to
Specific Pathogen Free/Specific Sections 10, 61 (c and d), 67 and 100 of RA
Pathogen Resistant (SPF/SPR) Black 8550. Requirements for import and culture of
Tiger Shrimp, Penaeus monodon and P. monodon is also stated in this order.
culture of the offspring thereof
FAO 230- Guidelines for the Importation and Pursuant to the provisions of FAO 230, s.
1, s. 2009 Culture of the Broodstock and/or 2009, this order states the measures that
Postlarvae of Specific Pathogen shall be observed in importation of P.
Free/Specific Pathogen Resistant monodon broodstock and/or postlarvae.
148

Number
(SPF/SPR) Black Tiger Shrimp
(Penaeus monodon) and Culture of
Offspring thereof
FAO 231, Amending Sections 1 a-1, a-2, a-4, d- This order amends FAO 225-1, s. 2007.
s. 2009 1, d-3, and e-1 of Fisheries
Administrative Order No. 225-1
Series of 2007
FAO 233, Aquatic Wildlife Conservation Conserve wildlife species and its habitat,
s 2010 collection and wildlife trade regulation,
promote the international conventions,
initiate and support scientific studies for the
conservation of biodiversity.
Source: PRDP Mindanao fisheries related VCAs, BFAR online portal
https://www.bfar.da.gov.ph/LAW?fi=367
Tables 40 and 41 enumerate all BFAR Fisheries Office Orders (FOOs) and Fisheries General
Memorandum Orders (FGMOs) that specifically affect the Philippine shrimp industry.
Table 40. Key BFAR Fisheries Office Orders (FOOs) Affecting the Philippine Shrimp Industry
FOO Title Brief Description
Number
Fisheries Powers and Functions of Regulatory Pursuant to sections 62, 65, 67 and 85 of
Office Officers (Fish Inspectors, Fish Health RA 8550 vis a vis the country’s
Order 247 Officers, Fisheries Quarantine Officers commitment in keeping with the
Series of and Certifying Officers) for the Safety international requirements to ensure the
2006 and Quality Assurance of Fishery and safety of our fishery and aquaculture
Aquaculture Products Intended for products for human consumption at par
Human Consumption with the international standards, this
order issues the functions of the
regulatory officers.
Fisheries Designation of Ms. Maria Abegail A. This order designates Ms. Maria Abegail A.
Office Albaladejo and Dr. Lariza Navarro, as Albaladejo and Dr. Lariza Navaro as the
Order 340 the National Coordinator and Co- National Coordinator and Co-coordinator
Series of Coordinator, respectively for the respectively for the Shrimp Health
2007 Shrimp Health Network to implement Network.
all activities related to the National
Shrimp Health Management Program
Fisheries Implementation of the specific This order instructs to use Aquaculture
Office provisions of FAO 225-1 s. 2007 on Farm Registration Guideline.
Order 100 Shrimp Grow-out Farm Certification
Series of
2008
Fisheries Composition of BFAR Team to Conduct BFAR Team are instructed to conduct
Office Proficiency Trainings on Diagnosis of trainings on molecular diagnosis-PCR
Order 185 Economically Important Shrimp techniques of shrimp disease diagnosis,
Series of Diseases gross examination and bacteriology.
2010
149

Number
Fisheries Designation as Fish Health Officers This order designates Fish Health Officers
Office with Corresponding Responsibility and to ensure compliance to sanitary phyto-
Order 365 Authority Thereof sanitary requirements on aquatic
Series of animal/plant health, live fish and fishery
2011 product safety and quality consistent with
the international standards.
Fisheries Implementation of provisions of In coordination with the municipal

Office Fisheries Administrative Order 225, -1 fisheries officers, provincial fisheries
Order 19 s. 2007, -2, -3 s. 2008, and 231, s. 2009 officers and quarantine officers and the
Series of national coordinator of the Shrimp Health
2013 Management Program are instructed to
implement active disease monitoring and
surveillance of shrimp diseases to control
and prevent the spread of WSSV and other
economically important diseases.
Fisheries Suspension of processing and approval In order to protect the Philippine Shrimp
Office of applications for permit to import all Industry, this FO Order is issued in order
Order 146 live shrimps and other susceptible to ensure the shrimp industry to be
Series of crustaceans from Asian Countries and EMS/IMNV free country and to prevent
2013 other countries affected by Early possible entrance of diseases.
Mortality Syndrome (EMS)/Acute
Hepato-pancreatic Necrosis Syndrome
(AHPNS) and Infectious Myonecrosis
Virus (IMNV)
Fisheries Standardization of Specific Pathogen This FO order standardized the

Office Free/Specific Pathogen Resistant Philippine’s protocol on farm certification
Order 265 (SPF/SPR) Litopenaeus vannamei and and registration procedures.
Series of Penaeus monodon Farm Certification
2014 and Registration relative to
Aquaculture
Fisheries Conduct of sampling collection in all All Regional Fish Health Officers are
Office accredited Litopenaeus vannamei directed to collect samples of polychaete
Order 345 hatcheries nationwide for polychaete worms used as shrimp broodstock feed
Series of worms used as broodstock feed and and randomly selected postlarvae in all 27
2014 shrimp postlarvae BFAR accredited L. vannamei hatcheries
nationwide. This is to prevent the entry
and spread of Acute Hepatopancreatic
Necrosis Disease (AHPND) in l. vannamei
hatcheries.
Fisheries Mandatory Screening of Shrimp This FO Order requires Regional Fish

Office (Larvae, Post-larvae, Juveniles, Health Laboratories and BFAR Shrimp
Order 100
150

Number
Series of Broodstock, and Spawner) for Disease Diagnostic Units to conduct
2015 Transboundary Movement screening using OIE standard.
Fisheries Guidelines on the Health Certification Pursuant to Sec 67-a and 67-e of RA 8550,
Office of Live Shrimps of All Life Stages for this order aims to harmonize the
Order 112 Trans-boundary Movement guidelines of certification for the trans-
Series of boundary movement of live shrimps of all
2015 life stages.
Fisheries Amending FOO 146 Series of 2013 on In order to further develop the local
Office Selective Lifting of Suspension of shrimp industry and to be able to ensure
Order No. Processing and Approval of sufficient supply of P. vannamei for
214 Applications for permit to import live aquaculture in the country, this FOO lifts
Series of “Pacific White Shrimp” Penaeus the issued order suspending the
2016 vannamei broodstock from Asian processing and approval for permit to P.
Countries vannamei broodstook.
Fisheries Creation of Technical Working Group Two Technical Working Groups are
Office (TWGs) for the Evaluation of FOO 214 created one for the evaluation of FOO 214
Order No. s. 2016 and shrimp (Penaeus s. 2016 and the other one is for the shrimp
234 vannamei) production production.
Series of
2016
Fisheries Conduct od Risk Assessment on This order instructs to conduct risk

Office Shrimp Diseases analysis, assessment and formulate and
Order No. implement management strategies while
90 quarantine facilities are not yet available
Series of
2017
Fisheries Designation of Focal Person on Certain This order is issued to ensure efficient and
Office Commodities effective delivery of Bureau’s services to
Order 111 the public and in order to implement
Series of programs on the commodities.
2017
Fisheries Creation of Shrimp Health Technical This FOO conducts risk assessment on
Office Working Group (SH-TWG) to shrimp diseases for trans-boundary
Order No. strengthen regulations on the movement of shrimps which aims to
175 production and transboundary increase production of safe and healthy
Series of movement of shrimps shrimps.
2017
Source: BFAR
151

Table 41. Key BFAR Fisheries General Memorandum Orders (FGMOs) Affecting the Philippine
Shrimp Industry
FGM Order Title Brief Description
Number
Fisheries Regulations on Trans-boundary Prior to transporting post larvae shrimps,
General Movement of Shrimp Post larvae the hatchery operators, brokers and
Memorandum traders are required to secure a health
Order 240 certificate to be presented to Fisheries
Series of 2003 Quarantine Service Officers upon entry
and exit on ports. These health certificates
should be issued by BFAR Regional Fish
Health and accredited private
laboratories.
Fisheries Imposition of active surveillance This memorandum order initiates the
General mechanism for all shrimp active surveillance mechanism focusing on
Memorandum hatcheries nationwide as part of shrimp hatcheries for the prevention of
Order 013 the strict implementation of the WSSV infection on shrimp producing areas
Series of 2004 National Action Program to in the country.
Control White Spot Syndrome
Virus (WSSV) in shrimp
Fisheries Guidelines for the In accordance with provisions of FGMO
General implementation of Fisheries 240 s. 2003, this order is issued for the
Memorandum Memorandum Order 240: guidelines for smooth implementation on
Order 014 Regulations on Trans- boundary the regulation on trans-boundary
Series of 2004 Movement of Shrimp Postlarvae movement of shrimp postlarvae.
Fisheries Requirements for the Export of This order is issued to provide enough
General Live Aquatic Animals: guarantee on the export of live aquatic
Memorandum Crustaceans, Fish and animals
Order 2 Invertebrates
Series of 2009
Fisheries Guidelines in the Accreditation This order promulgates the guidelines in
General of Litopenaeus vannamei and the accreditation of hatcheries.
Memorandum Penaeus monodon Hatcheries
Order 003
Series of 2013
Fisheries Submission of shrimp samples In order to control the occurrence of Early
General by BFAR accredited and BFAR Mortality Syndrome (EMS) / Acute
Memorandum Registered Penaeus vannamei Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease
Order 01 and Penaeus monodon hatcheries (AHPND), BFAR accredited SPF/SPR P.
Series of 2015 vannamei, SPF/SPR P. monodon and BFAR
registered P. monodon hatcheries are
required to comply on protocols for the
submission of shrimp samples for
screening.
Fisheries Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis This order issues the protocol for
General Disease (AHPND) Sample submission of shrimp and polychaate
Memorandum Collection Protocol for Penaeus worms for laboratory analyses to avoid
Order 02 vannamei and Penaeus monodon
152

FGM Order Title Brief Description
Number
Series of 2015 inappropriate sample collection of
AHPND.
Fisheries Containment Protocol for Containment and control protocol shall be
General Shrimp Grow-out Farms and applied from shrimp grow-out farms and
Memorandum Hatcheries Found Positive for hatcheries found positive by the first
Order 03 Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis responder for AHPND in accordance with
Series of 2015 Disease (AHPND) Section 67 of RA 8550
Fisheries Amending Section IV The procedure in Section IV of FGMO 003
General (Procedure) of the Guidelines in s. 2003 is amended.
Memorandum the Accreditation of Litopenaeus
Order 003-a vannamei and Penaeus monodon
Series of 2015 Hatcheries
Source: BFAR
Local Sanitation Ordinances
The LGUs are also tasked to monitor and regulate food establishments including processing in terms
of sanitary, providing health certificate to workers, sanitation permits, among others. The regulatory
power of LGUs is implemented in line with the regulatory power of DOH-FDA.
Safety and Quality Management & Standards
The globalization of the seafood trade presents a lot of benefits to consumers, as it results in large
variety of high-quality foods that are accessible, affordable and safe, meeting consumers’
demand29. There are numerous systems assuring the safety and quality of shrimp and shrimp
products. The most common are listed in Table 42:
Table 42. Key Safety and Quality Management & Standards Affecting the Philippine Shrimp
Industry
System Brief Description
Code of Conduct for This code is voluntary and global in scope. It provides principles and
Responsible Fisheries standards applicable to the conservation, management and
development of all fisheries. It also covers the capture, processing
and trade of fish and fishery products, fishing operations,
aquaculture, fisheries research and the integration of fisheries into
coastal area management.
Best Aquaculture It applies to shrimp hatcheries. The application and guidelines were
Practices (BAP) designed to assist program applicants in assessing their facilities
and developing management systems for compliance with the
certification standards. The BAP standards and guidelines are also
applicable to the farming of all crustaceans and finfishes except
salmonids reared in cages and net pens, covering from all
production methods, including flow-through , partial exchange, and
closed and recirculating water systems operated in ponds, cages, net
pens, tanks, raceways or close-containment vessels.
153

ASEAN Shrimp Good It comprises the four modules as recommended by FAO Guidelines
Aquaculture Practice on Aquaculture Certificate such as food safety and quality, animal
(GAP) health and welfare, environment integrity, and socio-economic
aspects in shrimp farming.
Aquaculture It is global in scope where the basis of standard is the best

Stewardship Council performer of the industry. The ASC Shrimp Standard addresses the
(ASC) Shrimp key negative environmental and social impacts associated with
Standard shrimp aquaculture industry. An ASC certified farm contributes in
reducing, mitigating, or eliminating these negative impacts.
Asian Seafood It is Asian in scope where the basis of standard is the national and
Improvement market standard. Founded on the three key principles: incentivize
Collaborative (ASIC) improvement, design inclusive tools, and co-create realistic
Shrimp Standard sustainable solutions.
Codex Alimentarius It is a collection of standards, guidelines and codes of practice
“Food Code” adopted by the Codex Alimentarius Commission. The Commission,
also known as CAC, is the central part of the joint FAO/WHO Food
Standards Programme and was established by FAO and WHO to
protect consumer health and promote fair practices in food trade.
Philippine National It covers practices that aim to prevent or minimize the risk
Standard (PNS) for associated with aquaculture production in brackish waters. The
Shrimp and Crab Code covers different aspects in aquaculture namely: food safety,
(PNS/BAFS 197:2017 animal health and welfare, environmental integrity, and socio-
ICS65.150 economic.
Philippine National It covers all stages of farm practices in penaid shrimp hatchery and
Standard (PNS) on nursery including harvesting, collecting, and packaging and handling
Hatchery for Shrimp of eggs, larvae and post larvae prior to transportation in order to
(PNS/BAFS 280:2019 produce good quality post larvae for farming. It considers the
ICS65.150 aspects of aquaculture such as food safety, animal health and
welfare, environmental integrity and socio-economic responsibility.
Code of Practice for This Code is an adaptation of the document prepared by the Global
Sustainable Shrimp Aquaculture Alliance. It addresses the following: guiding principles
Farming (BFAR, of responsible aquaculture, mangroves, site evaluation, design and
SEAFDEC, PCAMRD, construction, feeds and feeds use, shrimp health management,
NPPCI) therapeutic agents and other chemicals, general pond operations,
effluents and solid wastes, and community and employee relations.
154

*Good Hygienic Is defined as all practices, conditions, and measures necessary to
Practices (GHP) ensure the safety and suitability of food at all stages of the food
chain.
*Good Manufacturing This refers to procedures for a particular manufacturing operation

Practices (GMP) which practitioners of, and experts in, that operation consider to be
the best available using current knowledge.
It is also a set of rules or guidelines to be implemented in the fish

processing plant which includes adherence to existing rules and
regulations in force respecting plant construction, personnel
hygiene and sanitation specific to a product that supports a
company’s policy and standard. GMP serves as prerequisite program
for the development and implementation of HACCP plans.
*Sanitation Standard These are written procedures to be followed to ensure that the
Operating Procedures processing and production of a certain product are carried out
(SSOP) under sanitary and hygienic conditions.
*Hazard Analysis It is an internationally recognized food safety methodology which

Critical Control Points provides the framework for hazard (biological, chemical and
(HACCP) physical) identification and control. It is a preventive system to
correct problems before they affect the quality and safety of the food
products that people consume.
*ISO 22000:2018, These are sets of requirements for a food safety management
Food safety system where it actually defines what an organization must do to
management systems demonstrate its ability to control food safety hazards and ensure
that food is safe for consumption. It covers the values and principles
of ISO 9000 and the HACCP standards.
*PNS/BAFS 101:2011 Halal foods are intended for local and international trade in
known as the Halal compliance to chapter 7, section 63 of RA 8435 or AFMA. Halal foods
Agriculture and and drinks and/or their ingredients permitted under the Shariah
fishery products (Islamic Law).
Source: BFAR
*PRDP Tuna VCA of Region 12
International Regulation on Fish Safety and Quality
As an exporting country, the Philippines is also committed to its obligation on international rules,
particularly in WTO rules on tariff and non-tariff barriers, fisheries subsidies, anti-dumping, and SPS
measures. Below is the summary of laws of other countries governing food safety & trade.
155

Table 43. Related International Laws and Regulations on Fish Safety and Quality of the Top
Export Markets of Philippine Shrimp
Country Laws/Regulations Agency Website
USA Food, Drugs & US Food and Drugs www.fda.org;
Cosmetic (FD & C) Administration; US Operational and
Act Department of Administrative System
Agriculture (USDA) For Import Support
(OASIS); www.da.gov;
Food Safety and
Inspection Service (FSIS)
EU Different EU Rapid Alert System for www.europa.eu.int /

Regulations Food & Feed (RASFF): Rapid Alert System for
EU Members, Food and Feed (RASFF)
Commission & EU
Food Safety Authority
(EFSA)
Council Directive The Council of the https://www.legislation.g

96/23 EC of April European Union ov.uk/eudr/1996/23/pdf
29, 1996 s/eudr_19960023_adopte
d_en.pdf
Japan Food Sanitation Ministry of Health, www.mhlw.go.jp/english

Law Welfare and Labor
Source: BFAR
PRDP Tuna VCA of Region 12
Trade Agreements and International Commitments
The Philippine is also a member of the FAO which provides the obligation for Codex Alimentarius and
Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries (CCRF). The Codex Alimentarius or the food code has
become the seminal global reference point for consumers, food producers and processors, national
food control agencies and the international food trade30. The Codex Alimentarius Commission’s first
and foremost concerns are the protection of the health of consumers, the assurance of fair practices
in food trade, and the coordination of the work on food standards31. CCRF is widely recognized by
governments and NGOs as setting aims for sustainable fisheries over the next decades and as basis
for national legislation as well as industry-supported Codes of Conduct.32
30 Espejo-Hermes, 2004 as cited in PRDP VCA for Tuna of Region 12

31 CAC, 1999 as cited in PRDP VCA for Tuna of Region 12
32 FAO, 1999 as cited in PRDP VCA for Tuna of Region 12
156

B. Informal Rules and Socio-Cultural Norms
The general perception of shrimp aquaculture is that it is the domain of the rich and has not benefited
the poor, even in terms of employment. Some shrimp farmers often think that the cost of feed was
identified as the most serious constraints because of its high value or price, cost of electric power
within the country, but it is substantially higher that in many other shrimp producing countries and
all loans have to be secured with real estate and carry very high interest rates.
The majority of the farms were owned by men and women were mostly used as laborers in the study
areas. In general, women were paid less and also burdened with household work. The involvement
of women was mostly observed in family enterprises and in some specific jobs, for e.g., fish processing
industry and hatcheries which were considered as female jobs.
157

SECTION 7. CONSTRAINTS AND OPPORTUNITIES
The BFAR HIPON Program conducted an online consultation with some of the shrimp industry major
players all over the country on 9 February 2021 to facilitate the identification of the industry’s
constraints (referring to weaknesses and threats) and opportunities (along with the strengths) in
each segment of the value chain. As a follow-through data gathering, a survey questionnaire was also
disseminated to further gather inputs from the stakeholders. Summarized in Table 44 are the
outputs.
Table 44. List of Constraints and Opportunities Affecting the Philippine Shrimp Industry
Constraints Opportunities
(Weaknesses & Threats) (Including Strengths)
Input Provision:
Some regions with significant number of grow- Hatcheries importing SPF Broodstock are
out farms don’t have hatcheries compliant to are BFAR accreditation in most
- additional expenses are incurred during shrimp producing regions
transport
- quality of PL is sometimes compromised Availability of quality domesticated broodstock in
whenever there are logistical (i.e., flight) breeding facilities overseas
delays
About 36% of total hatcheries are still not A number of shrimp hatcheries were already
accredited or registered with BFAR certified/registered
- due to difficulty in complying with Close coordination of hatchery operators and BFAR
minimum biosecurity requirements in terms of registration activities
Limited availability of SPF broodstocks Availability of local researchers in the academe and
- Dependent to wild caught spawner with Research Development Institutes or RDI who are
unknown genetic lineage and performance trained in the field of genomics/genetics. They can
and disease history lead to limited supply be tapped and asked for inputs, apart from being
of quality P. monodon PL for grow-out involved in future R&D projects so the country can
production be self-reliant in terms of having quality
- Possible emergence of unknown shrimp broodstocks and seedstocks
diseases through broodstock importation
- High cost of imported broodstocks and
purchases in the past should be in bulk to The steady and increasing supply of quality P.
be prioritized by supplier vannamei PLs (SPF) ensures an increasing volume
- Only 1 accredited hatchery for monodon of year-round farm produced shrimps, which is
linear to increasing export demand
Inability to trace some importations not Existing regulations on disease screening of shrimp
complying to disease analysis requirement breeders
- Possible entry of pathogens like the
Infectious Myonecrosis Virus (IMNV)
through illegal importations of P. vannamei
breeders
158

High and increasing cost of inputs: feeds and Farm inputs such as lime, molasses, sugar, etc. are
fish meals, power readily available in most shrimp production areas
Available R & D in nutrigenomics and other related

feed researches/studies
Difficult access to available credit windows for Availability of credit assistance and credit facilities
start-ups (shrimp aquaculture is capital by financing institutions (FIs), both government
intensive) and private
Lack of international flights from source to

destination (happened during the pandemic
period only)
Farming Production:
About 75% of total shrimp farms are still not Presence of active shrimp growers’ cooperative
registered/accredited by BFAR due to failure to and association (e.g., PHILSHRIMP, NPPC, &
comply with minimum biosecurity and GAqP SARGEN)
requirements
- Threat to production due to failure to
implement biosecurity measures since
these unregistered farms cannot be
regularly monitored
- unregistered/unaccredited farms can’t
supply to processing facilities
Occurrence of diseases (outbreaks and possible Close coordination of hatchery operators and BFAR
emergence and reemergence thereof) in terms of disease monitoring
- List of diseases present in the country: List Availability of BFAR Regional laboratories that
of diseases present in the country: WSSV, conducts shrimp disease analysis
AHPND, IHHNV, YHN/GAV, Vibriosis, EHP
- Possible emergence of known and Trained and competent BFAR laboratory personnel
unknown viral and bacterial diseases to perform disease analysis
- Can be associated to inadequate bio-
security measures at farms There are technologies developed already to
- Limited capacity to implement good address disease occurrence in shrimps (use of
biosecurity measures and good probiotics and immunostimulants, greenwater
management practices among small and/or technology, biofloc system, diagnostic kits - Loop-
unregistered shrimp farmers to keep Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) kit for
pathogens/diseases away from their WSSV, AHPND, etc.)
production systems.
- No existing mechanism to monitor fry Some known shrimp diseases are not yet present in
performance once it moves to the grow out the Philippines such as IMNV and Taura Syndrome
stage Virus and other emerging diseases
159

Available government support (e.g., technical
assistance, disease testing subsidy, laboratory
support on disease and water analysis)
Available R & D on shrimp diseases

Visayas, and other State Universities and Colleges
or SUCs as well other private Higher Education
Institutions or HEIs)
Low adoption of GAqP and biosecurity for Available PNS on shrimp (culture management
shrimp resulting to low farm productivity practices well established)
- Slow to non-adoption of established
available grow-out technology Enhanced R & D on shrimp farming
- Industry is dominated by small scale
farmers with limited capacity to implement Available, updated and advanced shrimp farming
good bio-security measures and good technologies developed locally and from overseas
management practices to keep (i.e., RAS)
pathogens/diseases away from their
production systems. Presence of regional research centers (SEAFDEC-
Visayas, and other State Universities and Colleges
or SUCs as well other private Higher Education
Institutions or HEIs)
Limited funding/capital amidst high High selling price of shrimp, industry considered as
production cost (including power/energy, good business
feeds, medicines)
- Access to available credit windows is very
difficult
Bureaucratic and slow processing of permits Active public – private collaboration and
(i.e., business permits) discouraged farmers to partnership
get registered and accredited since these are
prerequisites.
Some observed limitations in the policy RA 8550 indicates that upon expiration of existing
regulations of government (i.e., FLAs may be FLAs, current lessees shall be given priority and be
granted even to those who don’t have the entitled to an extension of another 25 years.
necessary financial capacity to develop shrimp Thereafter, such FLAs shall be granted to any
farms) Filipino citizen with preference, primarily to
qualified fisherfolk cooperatives/associations as
well as small and medium enterprises (SMEs).
Inclement weather conditions
The industry is dominated by small scale
farmers who are fragmented and unorganized.
160

Generally good coastal road networks and
transport infrastructures
Available technology in the culture and production

of Freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii
Potential areas, about 3,119.8 hectares, for shrimp

farm expansion distributed across Regions VII
(34.39%), IV-B (25.97%), VIII (23.24%), Caraga
(12.43%), Region X (3.72%), and II (0.25%)
Processing:
Lack of linkage between growers and
processors
Lack of technological advances in Processors who are experienced handling of head-

processing (existing facilities need upgrading) on shrimp
Limited and seasonality of raw material supply Potential areas for shrimp farm expansion (see
for processing farm production segment)
- High cost of raw materials due to limited
supply
- Seasonality of the Operations (due to
seasonality of local shrimp production)
hinders the optimum efficiency for
- Companies cannot retain workers who are
already trained
Capital intensive
- High cost of operation
- high energy cost
Trading/Exporting
Difficulty in meeting international standards Prospects are brighter for export of fresh shrimps
- compliance to HACCP is still not adequate and value-added shrimp products
in most plants
- Standards imposed by importing countries
becoming more stringent
Product traceability and quality assurance National Residue Monitoring Program in-placed
issues (especially for EU)
- Inadequate measures in monitoring of
chemical residues
161

Highly competitive world market: Potentials for export remains robust:
- Inadequate volume to expand exports - Government is enhancing efforts to market and
further promote Philippine fish products in the
- Limited marketing/ promotional efforts in international markets.
the global arena – failure to increase
market share and acquire new markets - Available export market for monodon.
- Stringent standards imposed by importing
countries - Positive perception from foreign buyers of the
- High prices in international markets are Philippines as a source of quality and clean
expected to encourage increase production shrimp
in other countries as well
- Shrimp prices are escalating to all-time highs
due to the significant drop in production of key
producing countries (e.g., Thailand, Vietnam,
China)
Local traders/buyers dictate prices Value adding

Low price of small-sized shrimps There are institutional buyers, like food chains, for
- Growers are apprehensive to grow and small-sized shrimps.
harvest small-sized shrimps due to limited
supply of PLs and/or cost inefficiency in
producing small sized shrimps
Online selling and trading platform
Final Sale/ Distribution
Increasing market demands for shrimps
- With increasing world population, there is
an expected increase in the demand for
shrimp
- Philippines can maximize this to keep or
even enhance its rank among the top
shrimp producers in the Asian region and
in the world
Philippine shrimp product trademark not yet There is one existing Philippine shrimp brand –
popularized and known Philippines Naturally
High distribution and logistics cost
- Local freight cost is even higher than
internal freight cost
- Bribery escalates further the already high
distribution and logistics cost
Source: Stakeholders Consultations, KIIs and FGDs
While Table 44 enumerated the constraints and opportunities in each segment of the shrimp industry
value chain, Table 45 shows the enabling environment concerns that usually cut across two or more
segments in the shrimp VC. These mostly cover needs on extension services such as access to funds
162

given that the shrimp industry is capital intensive, regulation such as registration and accreditation,
manpower development, IEC, data basing.
Table 45. Cross-cutting Concerns Affecting the Philippine Shrimp Industry

Concern Applicable VC Segment
Limited funding/capital of shrimp players amidst high cost of Input Provision, Farm
power/energy, feeds, medicines, technology upgrading, Production, &
maintenance, etc. Processing
- Shrimp industry is capital intensive
- high start-up and operational cost for hatcheries, farms and
processing plants
- Despite availability of credit assistance and credit facilities by
financing institutions (FIs), both government and private, still
there is perceived difficulty of access especially among start-ups
There are hatcheries and farms that are still not Input provision & Farm
registered/accredited by BFAR due to failure to comply with Production
minimum biosecurity and GAqP requirements
Limited number of capable manpower/ technical expert Input provision & Farm
- Inadequate technical skills of farm and hatchery technicians Production, Processing
- fisheries graduates are mostly generalists
- current lack of studies on science-based trainings of human
Shrimp product traceability issues: stringent certification Input provision & Farm
requirement by international buyer from inputs to final product Production, Processing,
Marketing
Data inconsistencies and limited knowledge products (KPs) Input provision, Farm
a) Inconsistent data on production and trade between and among Production, Processing,
PSA, BFAR and the private sector & Marketing
b) KPs on improve biosecurity measures, production efficiency,

international registration and accreditation requirements are
limited and not yet made widely available in all possible forms
Concerns on Laws and Regulations Input provision, Farm

c) There are apprehensions that FLAs may be granted to holders Production, Processing &
who don't have technical and financial capacity to develop the Marketing
area
163

Concern Applicable VC Segment
- RA 8550 indicates that upon expiration of existing FLAs, current

lessees shall be given priority and be entitled to an extension of
another 25 years. Thereafter, such FLAs shall be granted to any
Filipino citizen with preference, primarily to qualified fisherfolk
cooperatives/associations as well as small and medium
enterprises (SMEs).
d) Bureaucratic obstacles to getting permits and tax credits (e.g.,

slow processing, alleged briberies and red tape)
e) Arbitrary municipal zoning

- in many places, farms are encroached by residential and
industrial developments and later are in danger of being closed
due to new zoning ordinances
f) Coordination concerns among competent authorities (e.g., Da,

DENR, LGU’s)
g) Perceived uneven enforcement of environmental laws
Organizational Development Concerns Input provision, Farm

h) The industry is dominated by small scale farmers who are Production, Processing &
fragmented and unorganized. Marketing
i) No association of shrimp input providers, traders and processors
Threats from climate change, natural disasters and pandemics Input provision, Farm
Production, Processing &
Marketing
164

SECTION 8. COMPETITIVENESS DIRECTIONS
A. Competitiveness Vision
Vision
A sustainable and equitable shrimp industry recognized internationally for its high-quality shrimp
produced using a socially responsible and environmentally sound production system.
Mission
Promote a cost-competitive, quality driven, supply- reliable, product-diversified shrimp value industry
under sustainable practices.
From the above vision and mission of the Philippine shrimp industry, corresponding goals,
objectives, targets and respective indicators can be then drawn out when crafting the National
Shrimp Industry Roadmap in line with the One DA Strategies.
B. Priority Constraints and Interventions
After a series of extensive of online consultation, validation and prioritization among the national
shrimp stakeholders, the order of priorities of the constraints and opportunities affecting the
Philippine shrimp industry is listed down in Table 46:
Table 46. Ranking of Constraints/Opportunities Affecting the Philippine Shrimp Industry

Rank Constraint/Opportunity Applicable VC
Segment
1 Occurrence of diseases (outbreaks and possible emergence and Farm Production

reemergence thereof)
➢ List of diseases present in the country: WSSV, AHPND,
IHHNV, YHN/GAV, Vibriosis, & EHP
➢ Possible emergence of known and unknown viral and
bacterial diseases
➢ Can be associated to inadequate bio-security measures at
farms
➢ Limited capacity to implement good biosecurity measures
and good management practices among small and/or
unregistered shrimp farmers to keep pathogens/diseases
away from their production systems.
➢ No existing mechanism to monitor fry performance once it
moves to the grow out stage
2 Low adoption of GAqP and biosecurity for shrimp resulting to Farm Production
low farm productivity
165

Segment
➢ Slow to non-adoption of established available grow-out

technology
➢ Industry is dominated by small scale farmers with limited
capacity to implement good bio-security measures and good
management practices to keep pathogens/diseases away
from their production systems.
3 Limited funding/capital of shrimp players amidst high cost of All segments

power/energy, feeds, medicines, technology upgrading,
maintenance, etc.
➢ Shrimp industry is capital intensive
➢ high start-up and operational cost for hatcheries, farms and
processing plants
4 Concerns on laws and regulations and their implementation All segments

➢ FLAs may be granted to holders who don't have financial
and technical capacity to develop the area
➢ Bureaucratic obstacles to getting permits and tax credits
(i.e., slow processing, alleged briberies and red tape)
➢ Arbitrary municipal zoning
➢ in many places, farms are encroached by residential and
industrial developments and later are in danger of being
closed due to new zoning ordinances
➢ Coordination concerns among competent authorities (e.g.,
Da, DENR, LGUs)
Perceived uneven enforcement of environmental laws
5 About 75% of total shrimp farms are still not Farm Production
registered/accredited by BFAR due to failure to comply with
minimum biosecurity and GAqP requirements
j) Threat to production due to failure to implement
biosecurity measures since these unregistered farms cannot
be regularly monitored
k) unregistered/unaccredited farms can’t supply to processing
facilities
6 Limited and seasonality of raw material supply for processing Processing

l) High cost of raw materials due to limited supply
m) Seasonality of the Operations (due to seasonality of local
shrimp production) hinders the optimum efficiency for
n) Companies cannot retain workers who are already trained
7 Organizational development concerns: All segments

o) The industry is dominated by small scale farmers who are
fragmented and unorganized with limited capacity to
166

Segment
implement good bio-security measures and good

management practices to keep pathogens/diseases away
p) No association each for shrimp input providers, traders and
processors
8 Data inconsistencies and limited knowledge products (KPs) All segments

q) Inconsistent data on production and trade between and
among PSA, BFAR and the private sector
r) KPs on improve biosecurity measures, production efficiency,

international registration and accreditation requirements
are limited and not yet made widely available in all possible
forms
9 Product traceability and quality assurance issues Marketing/Trading

s) Inadequate measures in monitoring of chemical residues – Exporting
10 Local buyers/traders dictate price Marketing/Trading

t) Low price of small-sized shrimps
u) Amidst presence of institutional buyers that buy small sized
shrimps, many growers are still apprehensive to grow and
harvest small-sized shrimps due to limited supply of PLs
and/or perceived cost inefficiency in producing small sized
shrimps
11 v) Lack of linkage between growers and processors Farm Production &

Processing
12 Limited number of capable manpower/ technical expert Input Provision &

w) Inadequate technical skills of farm and hatchery technicians Farm Production
x) fisheries graduates are mostly generalists
current lack of studies on science-based trainings of human
13 Some regions with significant number of grow-out farms don’t Input Provision &
have hatcheries; Farm Production
y) additional expenses are incurred during transport
z) quality of PL is sometimes compromised whenever there are
logistical (i.e., flight) delays
14 About 36% of total hatcheries, including some small scale (P. Input Provision
monodon) hatcheries, are not yet registered with BFAR
aa) due to difficulty in complying with minimum biosecurity
requirements
167

Segment
15 Limited availability of SPF broodstocks Input Provision

➢ Dependent to wild caught spawner with unknown genetic
lineage and performance and disease history lead to limited
supply of quality P. monodon PL for grow-out production
➢ Possible emergence of unknown shrimp diseases through
broodstock importation
➢ High cost of imported broodstocks and purchases in the past
should be in bulk to be prioritized by supplier
➢ Only 1 accredited SPF hatchery for monodon
16 ➢ Threats from climate change, natural disasters and All segments

pandemics
17 Highly competitive world market Trading – Exporting

➢ Inadequate volume to expand exports further
➢ Limited marketing/ promotional efforts in the global arena –
failure to increase market share and acquire new markets
➢ Inadequate measures in monitoring of chemical residues
➢ Stringent standards imposed by importing countries while
local compliance to HACCP is still not adequate in most
plants
➢ High prices in international markets are expected to
encourage increase production in other countries as well
Philippine shrimp product trademark not yet popularized and
known
18 High distribution and logistics cost Trading-Exporting

➢ Local freight cost is even higher than internal freight cost /Final Sale
➢ Bribery escalates further the already high distribution and
logistics cost
19 ➢ Opportunity: Increasing world market demands for clean Trading-Exporting

shrimps /Final Sale
Detailed in Table 47 are the Philippine shrimp industry’s priority constraints/opportunities and
corresponding proposed interventions along with respective priority areas, and responsibility
centers, It will serve as the reference document in developing the priority programs, projects and
activities for the industry in the short, medium and long-term under the National Shrimp Industry
Roadmap.
168

374
Table 47. National Shrimp Industry Priority Constraints and Interventions: Priority Areas, Responsibility Centers and Ranking
Priority Areas Responsible Agencies/ Rank
Constraints/Opportunities Intervention Strategy and Institutions
Approach Public Private
Input Provision
Some regions with significant number of Region IV-B: ✓ Establishment of new hatcheries BFAR-CO, BFAR Hatchery 14
grow-out farms don’t have hatcheries; Oriental Mindoro, ROs owners and
- additional expenses are incurred Region X: Misamis ✓ Rehabilitation of existing operators
during transport hatcheries
Oriental,
- quality of PL is sometimes
compromised whenever there are Region V:
logistical (i.e., flight) delays Camarines Sur
About 36% of total hatcheries, including some All Regions ✓ Expand registration and BFAR-CO, BFAR Hatchery 15
small scale (P. monodon) hatcheries, are not accreditation of hatcheries ROs, BFAR- owners and
yet registered with BFAR PFOs, & LGUs operators

- due to difficulty in complying with
minimum biosecurity requirements
Limited availability of SPF broodstocks Region 3, Region 8, ✓ Formulation of a state-funded DA-BAR, DA- Hatchery 16
- Dependent to wild caught spawner Caraga, National National Shrimp Genetics/ Biotech, BFAR- experts,
with unknown genetic lineage and Integrated Genomics Program (NSGGP) CO, BFAR ROs, PHILSHRIMP,
performance and disease history lead Fisheries NIFTDC, DOST- SARGEN,
to limited supply of quality P. monodon Technology - Will involve researchers/ PCAARRD, UPV, NPPC, &
PL for grow-out production Development experts who will pursue and other SUCs, BFAR-
- Possible emergence of unknown Center (NIFTDC) research on the development NFRDI accredited
shrimp diseases through broodstock of improved shrimp strain/s hatcheries
importation (e.g., specific pathogen
- High cost of imported broodstocks and resistant and/or specific
purchases in the past should be in bulk pathogen tolerant breeders)
to be prioritized by supplier using local stocks especially
- Only 1 accredited SPF hatchery for
in the case of P. monodon
monodon
169
Opportunity: - The proposed NSGGP
research projects need to be
- Availability of local researchers in the
well defined and have to
academe and Research Development
complement each other
Institutes or RDI who are trained in
regardless of the researchers
the field of genomics/genetics. They
and institutions that will be
can be tapped and asked for inputs,
involved
apart from being involved in future
- Budget has to be allotted for
R&D projects so the country can be
the long term program
self-reliant in terms of having quality
broodstocks and seedstocks ✓ Develop and implement a
breeding program for P.
Note: DOST-PCAARRD & UPV has

monodon and P. vannamei
an on-going breeding program

- includes establishment of
Broodstock Quarantine Center,
Nucleus Breeding Center, and
Broodstock Multiplication
Center
✓ Explore further breeding
program/technology and its
commercialization for
Macrobrachium rosenbergii
freshwater prawn,
High cost of feeds All Regions ✓ Strengthen R&D particularly on DOST- Private Higher 4
alternative feed formulations PCAARRD, Education
utilizing locally available materials NFRDI, SUCs Institutions
170

376
✓ Apply novel technologies (e.g., (UPV, UPD, (HEIs)33,
nutrigenomics) in shrimp feed WPU, etc.), & SEAFDEC -
development BFAR National AQD, & Feed
Farming Production
Centers manufacturers
Occurrence of diseases (outbreaks and All concerned ✓ Upgrading of facilities and BFAR-CO, BFAR NPPC, 1
possible emergence and reemergence regions equipment of existing BFAR Ros SEAFDEC-
thereof) regional laboratories AQD, NACA, &
- List of diseases present in the ✓ Establishment of disease diagnosis OIE
country: White Spot Syndrome Virus laboratories
(WSSV), Acute Hepatopancreatic ✓ Manpower development
Necrosis Disease (AHPND), Infectious
✓ Participate in proficiency testing
Hypodermal Hematopoietic Necrosis
✓ Continued conduct of disease
Disease (IHHNV), Yellow Head
surveillance, monitoring and

Disease (YHN)/ Gill Associated
Disease (GAV) reporting
- Possible emergence of known and
unknown viral and bacterial diseases ✓ Continued R&D on disease DOST- Private HEIs,
- Can be associated to inadequate bio- detection and control PCAARRD, SEAFDEC-
security measures at farms SUCs, (UPV, AQD, shrimp
- Limited capacity to implement good UPD, WPU, etc.), hatchery
biosecurity measures and good operators, &
management practices among small shrimp
and/or unregistered shrimp farmers growers
to keep pathogens/diseases away
- No existing mechanism to monitor fry
performance once it moves to the
grow out stage
33 HEIs that have expertise on biotechnology research

171
Low adoption of GAqP and biosecurity for Regions 1, 3, 6, 7, 9 ✓ Establishment and operation of BFAR-CO, BFAR- Shrimp Farm 2
shrimp resulting to low farm productivity & 13 techno-demo farms that will ROs Operators
- Slow to non-adoption of established showcase GAqP for shrimp as well
available grow-out technology as newly developed and proven
- Industry is dominated by small scale technologies (including those that
farmers with limited capacity to mainstream climate resiliency) in
implement good bio-security
shrimp farming, i.e., RAS
measures and good management
✓ Farm visits
practices to keep pathogens/diseases
away from their production systems.
About 75% of total shrimp farms are still not All concerned ✓ Inventory of shrimp farms BFAR-CO, BFAR Farm 6
registered/accredited by BFAR due to failure regions ✓ Encourage more shrimp farmers ROs, LGUs, PFOs operators &
to comply with minimum biosecurity and to register at the very least Third Party
GAqP requirements ✓ Expand registration and Certifiers
- Threat to production due to failure to accreditation of grow-out farms
implement biosecurity measures ✓ Intensify third Party Certification:
since these unregistered farms cannot
Capacitate on BAP and other
be regularly monitored
certifications (BFAR to assist for
- Unregistered/unaccredited farms
accreditation to EU markets)
Processing
can’t supply to processing facilities
Lack of linkage between growers and All Regions ✓ Market linkaging BFAR, DTI Processors, 12
processors Farm Owners,
& Operators
172

378
Limited and seasonality of raw material Regions 3, 7, 12, & ✓ Establishment of post-harvest BFAR, PFDA, Shrimp 7
supply for processing NCR facility/ cold storage in shrimp DTI & DA processors
- High cost of raw materials due to producing regions such as Central and growers
limited supply Luzon, NCR, Central Visayas and
- Seasonality of the operations (due to SOCCSKSARGEN
seasonality of local shrimp ✓ Accreditation of more shrimp
production) hinders the optimum
farms
efficiency for processing facilities
- Companies cannot retain workers
who are already trained
Trading /Exporting
Product traceability and quality assurance Regions 3, 7, 12, & ✓ Enhancement of the National BFAR-CO, UPV, Private 10

issues NCR Residue Laboratory nationwide & DOST- laboratories
- Inadequate measures in monitoring of - Maintenance and accreditation PCAARRD
chemical residues - Regular monitoring
- Acquire 1 LC-MS/MS and
accessories/set up for
confirmatory testing of residues
- Inclusion of more banned and
regulated substances to the list of
covered analysis;
- Establish additional residue
laboratories in other regions with
none yet
Highly competitive world market Regions 3, 7, 12, & ✓ Massive promotion of the DTI-EMB, DTI- Private Sector 18
- Inadequate volume to expand exports NCR Philippine shrimp brand – BOI, DA-AMAD, (processors,
further “Philippines Naturally” & BFAR exporters)
173
- Limited marketing/ promotional efforts in ✓ Encourage processing plants to be BFAR & DTI Processors
the global arena – failure to increase HACCP compliant to gain access in
market share and acquire new markets the export market
- Inadequate measures in monitoring of ✓ Third Party Certifications
chemical residues ✓ Compliance to PNS for the
- Stringent standards imposed by importing processing of shrimps and prawns
countries while local compliance to HACCP
is still not adequate in most plants
- High prices in international markets are
expected to encourage increase
production in other countries as well
- Philippine shrimp product trademark not
yet popularized and known
Local buyers/traders dictate price All Regions ✓ Promote value adding BFAR-CO, BFAR Hatchery and 11
- low price for small-sized shrimps ✓ Pooling and consolidation of ROs, DTI, DOST, larval rearing
- some growers are still apprehensive to harvest PFOs, & LGUs facility
grow and harvest small-sized shrimps ✓ Expand operation of existing operators,
due to limited supply and high price of hatcheries and make arrangement shrimp
PLs with hatcheries growers, &
other private
✓ Popularize larval rearing facilities
Opportunity: sector
✓ Promote super intensive shrimp
- there are institutional buyers, like food
chains, for small-sized shrimps. farming
Final Sale/Distribution
Opportunity: All Regions ✓ Massive promotion of the DTI-EMB, DTI- Private Sector 20
Increasing market demands for shrimps Philippine shrimp brand – BOI, DA AMAD, (processors,
- With increasing world population, there “Philippines Naturally” & BFAR exporters)
is an expected increase in the demand for
shrimp.
174

380
- Philippines can maximize this to keep or ✓ Encourage processing plants to be
even enhance its rank among the key HACCP compliant to gain access in
✓
producers in the Asian region the export market
✓
Third Party Certifications
Compliance to PNS for the
✓
processing of shrimps and prawns
refer to Enabling Environment

High distribution and logistics cost All regions Ease of doing business (Please DTI, Anti-Red Shipping 19
segment)
- High local freight cost Tape Authority companies,
- International freight cost at present (ARTA), & BFAR traders both
almost doubled up already local and
- Bribery escalates further the already high exporters, &
distribution and logistics cost importers

Limited funding/capital of shrimp players All regions ✓ Facilitate access to financial DA, BFAR, ACPC, Private 3
amidst high cost of power/energy, feeds, institutions, both government and ODA, DTI, DOST, Financing
medicines, technology upgrading, private LBP, DBP, & Institutions
maintenance, etc. other GFIs
-
- Soft loans
-
- Low interest loans
Shrimp industry is capital intensive
high start-up and operational cost for
✓ Advocate for investor-friendly
hatcheries, farms and processing plants
loan/financing requirements and
processes
✓ Tax incentives and holidays BFAR, BO, & Private sector

- Formulate / review/advocate for LGUs
policies on tax holidays for
equipment and machineries
- Registration to BOI for
investment/ exports-related
175
incentives (tax holiday for start-
up)
- Provide mechanism that will address
pandemics and other natural
disasters to respond to the need of
the industry in a timely manner
✓ Provision of incentives in a form of BFAR-CO & Shrimp

PLs and other farm inputs to BFAR ROs growers,
qualified shrimp farmers hatchery
operators, &
ancillary
industries
players
✓ Strengthen R&D particularly on DOST- Private HEIs,

alternative feed formulations PCAARRD, SEAFDEC -
✓ Apply novel technologies (e.g., NFRDI, SUCs AQD, & Feed
nutrigenomics) in shrimp feed (UPV, UPD, manufacturers
(same as identified under Farming)

development WPU, etc.), &
BFAR National
Centers
Concerns on laws and regulations and their All regions ✓ Formulate/ review national policy BFAR-CO & Shrimp 5
implementation related to shrimp industry: BFAR ROs growers &
- FLAs may be granted to holders who hatchery
don't have financial and technical operators
capacity to develop the area
a) On FLAs concern:
176

382
- Bureaucratic obstacles to getting permits ✓ May require amendment of
and tax credits (i.e., slow processing, the specific provision in RA
alleged briberies and red tape especially 8550
-
among small farmers) ✓ Amendment of the BFAR-FAO
Arbitrary municipal zoning governing FLAs
(in many places, farms are encroached by
residential and industrial developments
✓ Shrimp farmers occupying
and later are in danger of being closed
-
the farms should be given
due to new zoning ordinances)
Coordination concerns among competent priority for FLA while
-
authorities (e.g., Da, DENR, LGUs) assessing the farm’s
Perceived uneven enforcement of production performance at
environmental laws the same time

b) On bureaucratic obstacles in DTI. DENR, DA, Feed
getting permits and tax credits: BFAR-CO, BFAR- manufacturers
ROs, ARTA, BIR, , hatchery
✓ Streamlining on process in BAI, PFOs, & operators,
securing permits and clearances LGUs growers,
✓ Creation of regulatory relief traders both
council to ease issuance of permits local and
✓ Streamlining of ECC requirements exporters,
for aquaculture and processing processors
✓ One-Stop Center (OSC) for farm
registration, securing business and
even export permits
✓ Implement ease of doing business
(include policy
amendments/advocacy in
Congress)
177
c) On arbitrary municipal zoning: LGUs Growers
✓ Strict enforcement of the
Comprehensive Land Use Plan
(CLUP) and zoning ordinance
among LGUs
Organizational Development Concerns All Regions ✓ Promote/Facilitate of clustering/ BFAR-CO, BFAR- Shrimp 8
-
federation of small farmers ROs, CDA, & Farmers
The industry is dominated by small scale associations and cooperatives LGUs Associations
farmers who are fragmented and and
unorganized with limited capacity to ✓ Continuous conduct of the biennial Cooperatives,
implement good bio-security measures Shrimp Congress, whether online PHILSHRIMP,
and good management practices to keep SARGEN,
or face to face
pathogens/diseases away from their NPPC, Shrimp
production systems. input
-
✓ Promote/Facilitate the formation providers,
No association each for shrimp input of associations/groups for each of processors, &
providers, traders and processors the shrimp input providers, traders/
traders and processors exporters,
(benchmark: India/
Indonesia/Vietnam where
providers and players work
together and share information)
Limited number of capable manpower/ All regions ✓ National Shrimp Extension BFAR-CO, BFAR Private Sector 13
technical expert Program ROs, ATI, &
-
- Establishment and operation of LGUs (under
Inadequate technical skills of farm and Shrimp Schools one each in PAFES)
hatchery workers Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao
178

384
- fisheries graduates are mostly generalists - Scholarships
current lack of studies on science-based - Immersion/On-the-job (OJT)
trainings of human resources (working on program for students taking up
farm) in advanced technologies fisheries and related sciences in
intensive shrimp farms and
hatcheries
- Develop/enhance/promote/imple
ment shrimp training program
(e.g., Webinar on Business
Opportunities “Shrimp it Up”, On-
Line Training on Fundamentals of
Shrimp Aquaculture
“HIPonLINE”)

Data inconsistencies and limited knowledge All Regions a) On data inconsistencies BFAR-CO, BFAR Private Sector 9
products (KPs) ROs, PSA, &
- Inconsistent data on production and trade ✓ Establish national shrimp LGUs
between and among PSA, BFAR and the database with standard data
private sector collection manual
-
- To include information on shrimp
KPs on improve biosecurity measures, aquatic genetic resources for use
production efficiency, market access, as reference in the formulation of
technologies, food safety, as well as local shrimp selective breeding
and international registration and schemes.
accreditation requirements are limited
and not yet made widely available in all
b) On KPs: BFAR-CO, BFAR Private Sector
possible forms
ROs, & LGUs
✓ Intensify development, packaging
and wide dissemination KPs:
179
- Should be standardized and
laymanized as necessary and apt
- To be made available in formats

apt to the accessibility context of
stakeholders.
Threats from climate change, natural All regions - Establishment and operation of BFAR-CO, BFAR- HEIs, 17
disasters and pandemics techno-demo farms that will ROs , & SUCs, SEAFDEC-
showcase GAqP for shrimp as well as AQD, RDI,
newly developed and proven Shrimp
technologies (including those that hatchery, and
mainstream climate resiliency and farm
-
DRRM) in shrimp farming, i.e., RAS operators
Mechanism that will address
pandemics and other natural
disasters to respond to the need of
the industry in a timely manner in
placed
Source: Stakeholders’ Consultations, KII, FGD
180

SECTION 9. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
As one of the major aquaculture species in the Philippines, the shrimp industry significantly
contributes to the country’s quest for food security, employment and foreign exchange earnings.
Despite being one of the top fish commodities in the country, however, the shrimp industry’s overall
growth and development are hampered by a number of issues and challenges faced by the players in
each segment of the shrimp VC. These challenges range from diseases, scarcity of quality seedstock,
and sustainability of raw materials for processing, financing, and marketing challenges, among
others.
Amidst the challenges, there are also opportunities both at the local and global level. Increase in
population necessitates higher food production and the quest for food sufficiency and/or food
security. As the need for healthy protein source grows, it brings a lot of potential for shrimp
aquaculture expansion.
At the global arena, the general premium price and the high market demand for shrimp has driven
the growth of the shrimp aquaculture despite the significant challenges. Global shrimp aquaculture
is continuously evolving to achieve production goals. A successful shrimp aquaculture requires
profound understanding of the biological processes and the need to improve production system
through application of new farming technologies. Growth in shrimp aquaculture likewise requires
further research, in genetics, health, nutrition and engineering.
Moreover, the growth of the shrimp industry should not only be confined in the shrimp aquaculture
sector alone but also among its associated allied enterprises as well as the other players in the
forward and back VC linkage. To optimize the potential and to cater the local and global market
demand, a parallel growth and innovation in value addition, branding and traceability are also a must.
The growing demand for safe and sustainable seafood is now a trend globally. Consumers are more
concerned, now more than ever, on how food is being produced from the farm to the fork. The trend
is also towards retail ready to eat food.
Along this line, the Filipino shrimp stakeholders envisioned a sustainable and equitable shrimp
industry recognized internationally for its high-quality shrimp produced using a socially responsible
and environmentally sound production system. Relatedly, it is imperative to promote a cost-
competitive, quality driven, supply- reliable, product-diversified shrimp value industry under
sustainable practices. Minimizing, if not totally eradicating, the constraints while maximizing
opportunities, along each segment of the shrimp VC will facilitate the achievement of the overall
competitiveness, either in terms of quality of price, of the Philippine shrimps both locally and
internationally. In doing so, all private sector players and the enablers will have to work together,
with no one, especially the direct value chain actors, left behind.
Through this VCA report done with focus on the Philippine aquaculture shrimp industry, it is hope
that a better and wider understanding of the entire shrimp industry VC is brought to light.
185

REFERENCES
9th Philippine Shrimp Congress, Bacolod City, July 3, 2014 and key players
Albaladejo and Usero, 2017 Fry quality assessment. Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources.
Diliman Quezon City
Albaladejo and Usero, 2019. Penaeus vannamei Shrimp Farmers’ Manual. Bureau of Fisheries and
Aquatic Resources. Diliman Quezon City
Alday-Sanz V. 2018. Specific Pathogen Free (SPF), Specific Pathogen Resistant (SPR) and Specific
Pathogen Tolerant (SPT) as Part of The Biosecurity Strategy For Whiteleg Shrimp (Penaeus
vannamei Boone 1931). Asian (Asian Fisheries Science Special Issue 30S1): 112–120
Apostol-Albaladejo, M. A. G. 2016. Status of acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) of

cultured shrimps in the Philippines.
Aqua Culture Asia Pacific Magazine Jan/Feb 2021
Aranguren LF, Alaiadh AS, Alzahrah SM. 2016. Saudi Arabia Developing Effective Farmed Shrimp
Biosecurity Strategy. Global Aquaculture Advocate.
Ashton. 2008. Shrimpmangrove. p.6. www.cababstractsplus.org/cabreviews.
Asian Fisheries Science, 2020
BFAR-HIPON Program. Various data and years
BFAR-Regional Offices. Various data and years
Bulkini, A. 2021. The circular economy: why Indonesian shrimp farmers are changing the shape
of their ponds. The Fish Site. https://thefishsite.com/articles/the-circular-economy-why-
indonesian-shrimp-farmers-are-changing-the-shape-of-their-ponds
CAC, 1999 as cited in PRDP VCA for Tuna of Region 12
Current Trends in the Philippines’ Shrimp Aquaculture Industry: A Booming Blue Economy in the
Pacific. https://juniperpublishers.com/ofoaj/pdf/OFOAJ.MS.ID.555668.pdf
Dabu, I. M., Lim, J. J., Arabit, P. M. T., Orense, S. J. A. B., Tabardillo, J. A., Corre, V. L., & Maningas, M.
B. B. (2015). The first record of acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease in the Philippines.
Aquaculture Research, 48(3), 792–799. doi:10.1111/are.12923
Dela Pena. 2004. Transboundary Shrimp Viral Diseases with Emphasis on White Spot Syndrome
Virus (WSSV) and Taura Syndrome Virus (TSV).
Department of Agriculture- Philippine Rural Development Project (DA-PRDP). Various reference

186
Espejo-Hermes. 2004. as cited in PRDP VCA for Tuna of Region 12
FAO. 1999. as cited in PRDP VCA for TunaP HofI LRegion

IPPINE SHRIMP
12 INDUSTRY ROADMAP 2022-2025 387

Department of Agriculture- Philippine Rural Development Project (DA-PRDP). Various reference
Espejo-Hermes. 2004. as cited in PRDP VCA for Tuna of Region 12
FAO. 1999. as cited in PRDP VCA for Tuna of Region 12
Flegel, T & Fegan, D. 2002. Strategies for preventing the spread of fish and shellfish diseases. Fish.
Sci.. 68. 776-788. 10.2331/fishsci.68.sup1_776.
Food and Agriculture Organization FAO) database
Food and Nutrition Research and Development Institute. (FNRDI)
Global Aquaculture Alliance, October 22, 2018
Google photos
https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.207.4131&rep=rep1&type=pdf
https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/PSHRIUSDM
http://www.aquaculture.asia/files/climatechange/ereports/india-shrimp-climate-technical-
brief.pdf
http://www.bafs.da.gov.ph/phocadownload/FinalPNS/PNS%20BAFS%20281%20019%20GAqP
%20on%20Hatchery%20for%20Freshwater%20Prawn.pdf
https://www.bfar.da.gov.ph/LAW?fi=367
https://www.intracen.org/
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/263213302_Livelihood_Capabilities_and_Pathways_o
f_Shrimp_Farmers_in_the_Mekong_Delta_Vietnam
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352513421000223
https://www.tradeline.dti.gov.ph
https://www.tridge.com/guides/shrimp-prawn/PH
187
Jory D.E. 2017. How good are your shrimp postlarvae? Global Aquaculture Alliance
Kumar, Vikas & Karanth, S. & Gudipati, Venkateshwarlu & Saurabh, Shailesh. (2006). Selection of
high-health postlarvae: A prerequisite for sustainability of the Indian shrimp industry.
388
Aquaculture Asia. XI. 4-9.
Legally Shrimps: A Compendium of Laws and Administrative Orders About Shrimps. 2010. BFAR
Jory D.E. 2017. How good are your shrimp postlarvae? Global Aquaculture Alliance
Kumar, Vikas & Karanth, S. & Gudipati, Venkateshwarlu & Saurabh, Shailesh. (2006). Selection of
high-health postlarvae: A prerequisite for sustainability of the Indian shrimp industry.
Aquaculture Asia. XI. 4-9.
Legally Shrimps: A Compendium of Laws and Administrative Orders About Shrimps. 2010. BFAR
Liao, I. C., Chao, N. and Leaño, E. M. 2016. Progress of Shrimp and Prawn Aquaculture in the World:
Advances and Prospects of Shrimp of Shrimp Nutrition Chapter 12, pp. 243-258. National Taiwan
Ocean University Keelung, Taiwan.
Lightner, D. V. (2005). Biosecurity in Shrimp Farming: Pathogen Exclusion through Use of SPF
Stock and Routine Surveillance. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 36(3), 229–248.
doi:10.1111/j.1749-7345.2005.tb00328.x
Magbanua FO, Natividad KT, Migo VP, Alfafara CG, de la Peña FO, Miranda RO, Albaladejo JD, Nadala
EC Jr, Loh PC, Mahilum-Tapay L. White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) in cultured Penaeus monodon
in the Philippines. Dis Aquat Organ. 2000 Aug 10;42(1):77-82. doi: 10.3354/dao042077. PMID:
10986648.
National Biosecurity Manual in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Issue No. 2, July 2018
Paez-Osuna, F. 2001. The Environmental Impact of Shrimp Aquaculture: Causes, Effects, and
Mitigating Alternatives. Environmental Management Vol. 28, No. 1, pp. 131-140. Sringer-Verlag
New York Inc.
Philippine Fisheries Profile, 2019
Philippine National Standards for Shrimp
Philippine Statistics Authority, database, various years.
Primavera, J.H. 1997. Socio-Economic Impacts of Shrimp Culture. Aquaculture Research. 28. pp
815-827. SEAFDEC. Iloilo, Philippines
Quarterly Aquatic Animal Disease Report -Asia-Pacific Region – 2020/1. https://rr-

asia.oie.int/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/qaad-2020-1q.pdf
Recirculating Aquaculture System. https://www.aquacultureid.com/recirculating-aquaculture-

system/
Suresh, A.V. 2020. How India Became the World’s Top Shrimp Producer. Global Aquaculture
Advocate
The Shrimp Farming Industry in The Philippines.

The Shrimp Farming Industry in The Philippines.
188
Why Relationships Matter in the Value Chain Approach. https://www.marketlinks.org/good-
Why Relationships Matter in the Value Chain Approach. https://www.marketlinks.org/good-
practice-center/value-chain-wiki/inter-firm-relationships-overview
practice-center/value-chain-wiki/inter-firm-relationships-overview

ANNEX 1
PARTICIPANTS DURING THE STAKEHOLDERS’ VIRTUAL CONSULTATION ON

FEBRUARY 9, 2021
Name Address Company/ Organization Sector
Input Provider
1. Min Chen W. Hung Villa Malagrosa Blue Beach, Bonuan M.Y Hatchery
Gueset Dagupan, Pangasinan
2. Ramonito A. Glan, Sarangani DOBE Hatchery
Tanaman
3. Salvador S. Matabungkay, Lian, Batangas Oversea Feeds & Fry
Gallamporte, Jr. Corporation
4. Rodrigo M. #31 M Revil St. Poblacion 2 RMG Hatchery
Gandionco Oroquieta City Misamis Occidental
7207
5. Kevin C. Lee Conchin Hatchery Aragoza Street Conchin Hatchery
Brgy Sto Nino San Felipe Zambales
6. Salvador M. 207 Summerhill Village, Lanang, Aquaski Prawn Hatchery
Magallanes Davao City
Hatchery
7. Hermoso Jr. P. Brgy. Buyu-an, Tigbauan, iloilo HMI Hatchery
Igcasan
8. Antonio III A. Brgy. Sto. Niño, San Felipe, Zambales Fulgueras Prawn Fry
Fulgueras 2204 Hatchery
9. Edgar A. San Lot 14 Blk 16 Almaciga St. Happy BFAR-V
Ramon Homes Greenbelt, Brgy. Alawihao,
Daet, Camarines Norte
10. Nikka O. Failaman Brgy. Aguiauan Miagao Iloilo SEAFDEC
11. Janice T. Genilza Bongol San Miguel, Guimbal, Iloilo SEAFDEC/AQD
12. Pie Chen G. Ceralde St. Bonuan Gueset Dagupan Good Prawn Hatchery
Cabrera City
13. Roel F. Rodriguez Uyong Labrador, Pangasinan FSI Hatchery Inc.
14. Carlos G. Co 375 Apitong St. Cebu city Oversea feeds Corp.
15. Jerrhad H. San Fernando, Pampanga CPFPC
Nadonza
16. Welbert C. Ortua Liberdad Butuan City Santeh Feeds Corp
17. Levy Loreto L. Dagupan City, Pangasinan United States Soybean
Manalac Export Council (USSEC)
18. Verlay G. Ponteras General Santos City Arowana Agriventures
Corporation
19. Mark Rowel M. Agus Lapu Lapu City Zeigler Bros Inc
Napulan
20. John Florentino D. 605 Gov.Racio Garcia St. Bankers Southeast Feed Specialist
Madamba Village ll Caloocan City 0915 Corp.
190

21. Rona Jae D. de General Santos City ELANCO Philippines Inc.
Jose
22. Lyn C. Leenderts Magallanes Agusan del Norte -
23. Daniel V. Cabrera Camarin Caloocan City SANTEH Feeds
Corporation
24. Marivic M. Mexico Pampanga SANTEH Feeds
Panahon Corporation
25. Anthony L. General Santos City CPF
Blancaflor
26. Joseph C. Hermosa Bataan CPF
Macarilay
27. Lito B. Carrido Calatagan, Batangas SANTEH Feeds
Corporation
28. Remegio J. Abuda, The Prestige Subd., Cabantian, Davao CPFPC
Jr. City
29. Liam Rane C. Alabel, Sarangani Province Elanco
Geraldo
30. Vergel M. Buen Zambales CPF
31. Thamaz Lee D. Iloilo City SANTEH Feeds
Quilantang Corporation
Farm Producer
32. Anna Liza R. Abas Brgy. Tawagan Calapan City Aqua Tierra Agri-
Industrial Farms, Inc.
33. Ramir S. Dacullo Cebu City Oversea Feeds
Corporation
34. John L. Gaboya 82 Plaridel St Cebu City Oversea Feeds
Corporation
35. Analyn B. Mayuga Puerto Princesa City -
36. Roger E. Rivera General Santos City RDEX FOOD
INTERNATIONAL &
PHILS., INC
37. Manuel V. 4273 Gonzales Street, Surigao City Buenaflor Aquaventures
Buenaflor
38. Glena A. Garcia Cadunan, Mabini, Davao De Oro -
39. Rhea G. Jamisola Valencia Subdivion, General Santos Vanna Vida Farms
City
40. Cresensia r. Pergis Masaguisi Sta Cruz Marinduque -
41. Wilfredo T. Teresita, Mansalay, Oriental De Lara Shrimp Farm
deLara Mindoro
42. Edgar I. Hermosa Tawilon Ambago, Butuan City Sean Agro Development
Inc.
43. Nicholas D. Guiua Iba, Zambales Guiua Aquaculture
44. Nerry James B. - -
Bretana
45. Marybeth V. Irigo Brgy Dawan, City of Mati, Davao PJJ Farms
Oriental
191

46. Jun Jun R. Sitio Cubra Brgy. Buyun Sta Teresita Dataj Aquafarm, Inc. Grow-out
Mendoza Cagayan Valley
47. Antonieta M. Sima Tago, Surigao del Sur Siman Aquaculture
Production and Feeds
Supply
48. John Glaizelle M. Tago, Surigao del Sur Tago Sustainable
Siman Association of Farming
Enthusiast
49. Myckle L. Tibubos Tigbauan, Iloilo Neocrab
50. Juan Enrico C. Oriental Mindoro Jeb Aquaculture Farm
Blanca
51. Andrea Jo C. Calatagan, Batangas O&B Aqua Farm
Constantino
52. Danilo E. Caparos SANACOR, Kawas, Alabel, Sarangani San Andres Aqua Culture
Corporation
53. Melvin C. Diana Pandan, Antique PJR Aqua Farm
54. Anna Liza R. Abas Brgy. Tawagan Calapan City Or. Aqua Tierra Agri-
Mindoro Industrial Farms, Inc.
55. Noel M. Alonzo Cambaro Mandaue city KDs Aquafarm
56. John Glaizelle M. Tago, Surigao del Sur Tago Sustainable
Siman Association of Farming
Enthusiast
57. Nicanor J. Ban-ao, Baganga Davao Oriental WRV AQUA FARM
Serdoncillo, Jr.
58. Javier Lorenzo S. Tanagan Batangas JLV Prawn Farm
Vergara
59. Julia K. Lee Crossing Ubay, Lag-Asan, Bago City ZESTCOOK 117, Inc.
60. Kingsly B. Cadiong Butuan City, Agusan del Norte Santeh Feeds Corporation
61. Shandy E. Resiceo Purok 2-5, Barangay Aplaya, Charoen Pokphand Foods
E. Resiceo Hagonoy, Davao Del Sur Philippines Corporation
62. Emmie P. Abaring 40-G GSIS Ave. GSIS Vill. -
Sangandaan, Quezon City
Processer/ Trader
63. Maria Cris M. Cos Masbate city Dai Hai Marine products Processor/Expo
Corp. rter
64. Queencel A. Brgy.Nagsaulay San Juan Batangas Nesiah Seafoods
Marquez Aquaculture Farms
65. Mary Ann C. Solis Quezon Palawan Biosolutions int'l
Corporation
66. Julius V. Bacotot 2219 Singalong St Malate Manila Mida Trade Trader
67. Chingling Tanco - Mida Trade
68. Dexter V. Pedrina Blk4 lot 1 Sebastian St Brgy. City P.O.P AGRI BEST
Heights General Santos City VENTURE INC.
Feedmiller
69. Yvonne M. Tres de Mayo, Digos City SANTEH Feeds Feedmiller
Paronelmo Corporation
192

Enabler
70. Richarf T. City Heights Gen. Santos City Sargen Shrimp Shrimp
Paparon Stakeholders Asso., Inc Associations
71. Roselyn D. Usero Bacolod City Negros Prawn Producers
Cooperative
72. Mary Ann G. Basal Rustico Cabaguio Street Cor Palma NSF International Asia Food Safety and
Gil Extension Bo Obrero, Davao City Pacific Certification
Body
73. Hairodin T. Arap Salimbao, Sultan Kudarat, MAFAR-BARMM
Maguindanao Research
74. Honey Lyn R. Danao City, Cebu Cebu Technological Institutions
Gomez University-Carmen
Campus
75. Wendel T. Lontua Marawi City, Lanao del Sur Mindanao State
University-Main, Marawi
Campus
76. Berenice t. Adrian San Franciso, Cebu CEBU Technological
University
77. Adelaida T. Calpe PCAARRD Los Banos, Laguna PCAARRD
78. Olympia G. Bliss Tunga, Moalboal, Cebu CTU Moalboal, Cebu
Geraldino
79. Mary Ann B. Batug, Dulag, Leyte Visayas State University
Madeja Tolosa
80. Jane Polyn P. Carmen, Cebu Cebu Technological
Bejoc University Carmen
Campus
81. Brandon Briggs C. Quilao, Tolosa, Leyte Visayas State University
Silvano Tolosa
82. Josephine P. Balabagon, Moalboal, Cebu CTU Moalboal, Cebu
Gabate
83. Andrew S. Lidot POB. Badian, Cebu CEBU Technological Academe
University
84. Robinson Jr S. Pob. West, Moalboal, Cebu CEBU Technological
Amihan University
85. Hannah Abigail R. Brgy. Balabagon, Moalboal, Cebu Cebu Technological
Daita University
86. Maria Concepcion Saavedra, Moalboal, Cebu Cebu Technological
L. Temblor University - Moalboal
Campus
87. Joshua Madulid Saavedra, Moalboal, Cebu Cebu Technological
University - Moalboal
Campus
88. Marjorie D. Minolos Barili Cebu CTU Moalboal
Libradilla
193

89. Mark Glenn O. Tabango, Leyte Palompon Institute of
Narido Technology-Tabango
Campus
90. Arturo T. dela Baybay, Makato, Aklan Department of
Cruz Agriculture
91. Princess Mary Baybay Lopez, Binmaley, Pangasinan DA-BFAR I
Pie B. Mejia
92. Sancho V. Bilog Sto. Tomas, La Union DA-BFAR I
93. Argel F. Cacho Brgy. Raois, Santo Tomas, La Union DA-BFAR I
94. Sharlaine S. Burgos, Ilocos Norte DA-BFAR I
Agamanos
95. Jackielyn R. Usero Babayuan, Amulung, Cagayan DA-BFAR II
96. Felecitas M. Tallungan, Aparri, Cagayan DA-BFAR II
Paraggua
97. Romeo G. San Mateo, Isabela DA-BFAR II
Mahinay
98. Claribeth C. San. Antonio, Lal-lo, Cagayan DA-BFAR II
Dupaya
99. Danilo P. Rumpon Tuguegarao City DA-BFAR II
100. Marvin C. Pilar Village, CSFP DA-BFAR III
Enriquez
101. Ligaya P. Anos, Los Baños, Laguna DA BFAR-IVA
Cabrera
102. Marco M. Batangas City DA BFAR-IVA
Espiritu
103. Urelle Anne L. 873 Kamagong St. Cuervoville I, DA BFAR-IVA
Sumang Real, Calamba City Laguna
104. Roxanne R. Calapan City, Oriental Mindoro DA BFAR-IVB
Crisostomo
105. Shiela L. Lope Bunganay, Boac, Marinduque DA BFAR-IVB
106. Aldrin S. Villapa Brgy. Sta. Monica, Puerto Princesa DA BFAR-IVB PFO
Government
City, Palawan
107. Jose P. Quidoles Naga City, Camarines Sur DA BFAR-V
108. Jay O. Jasmin La Purisima, Iriga City DA BFAR-V
109. Fhel-Ann M. Bula, Camarines Sur DA BFAR-V
Dalaodao
110. Leni O. Abagon PRJ B3 L17 Ungka II Pavia, Iloilo DA BFAR-VI
111. Anaclita G. Merin Cawayan, New Washington, Aklan DA BFAR-VI
112. Carolina C. Cebu DA BFAR-VII
Lopez
113. Galicana A. Sta. Cruz, Calape Bohol DA BFAR-VII
Toston
114. John Roy N. Kauswagan, Cagayan de Oro City DA BFAR-X
Obsines
115. Rey Eduardo H. Macabalan, Cagayan de Oro City DA BFAR-X
Hojas
194

116. Pamela Joy A. Bago-Oshiro, Tugbok District, Davao DA BFAR-XI
Robledo City
117. Erwin T. Suan Tagum City, Davao del Norte DA BFAR-XI
118. Jan Joyce V. Kho Tagum City, Davao del Norte DA BFAR-XI
119. Marklin D. delos Tagum City, Davao del Norte DA BFAR-XI
Santos
120. Elaine Vera M. Davao City DA BFAR-XI
Belvis
121. Elena G. Morales Prk.4 Nalumville, Baliok, Davao City DA BFAR-XI
122. Rogelyn B. Apit Prk 11, Mipangi, Nabunturan, Davao DA BFAR-XI PFO
de Oro
123. Aga Khan M. General Santos City DA BFAR-XII
Salong
124. Mohatir U. General Santos City DA BFAR-XII
Angkanan
125. Trina Dianne Surigao City, Surigao del Norte DA BFAR-CARAGA
Marie C. Quiachon
126. Marissa B. Buico Oteiza, san Agustin, Surigao del Sur DA BFAR-CARAGA
127. Junry C. Cabasan San Jose, Dinagat Islands DA-BFAR-CARAGA PFO
128. Rustico L. Masao Butuan City DA-BFAR-CARAGA PFO
Ranoco
129. Letecia A. Alaba Burgos, Cortes, Surigao del Sur Bureau of Fisheries and
Aquatic Resources
130. Sheikha Jane D. Baybay, Makato, Aklan Municipal Agricultural
Tersol Office-VI
131. Rosvi Gaetos Gil Puyat Ave. Makati City Department of Trade and
Industry
132. Alvin Ganchero Gil Puyat Ave. Makati City Department of Trade and
Industry
133. Rudolph Jay Gil Puyat Ave. Makati City Department of Trade and
Velasco Industry
134. Kalene Ebora Gil Puyat Ave. Makati City Department of Trade and
Industry
135. John Benedict Gil Puyat Ave. Makati City Department of Trade and
Santos Industry
136. Raul M. Brgy.Lambajon, Baganga, Davao DENR
Tambilawan Oriental
195

JUNE 21, 2021
Name Address Company/ Sector
Organization
Input Providers
Mark Rowel
Napulan Agus Lapu Lapu City Cebu Zeigler Bros., Inc.
383 Ceralde St. Bonuan Gueset
Pie Chen Cabrera Dagupan City Good Prawn Hatchery
Hatchery
Salvador 207 Summerhill Village,
Magallanes Lanang, Davao City Aquaski Prawn Hatchery
RENANTE
Gatumbato Tigbauan, Iloilo Private
Aquaculture feed millers/ Distributor
23 Dona Rosario St., Brgy. Biosolutions International

Ryan Zamora Novaliches Proper, QC, NCR Corporation
Sitio Tapsan, Brgy. Panitian Biosolutions International
Mary Ann Solis Quezon Palawan Corp.
23 Dona Rosario Subd. Biosolutions International
Camelli Satur Novaliches, Quezon City Corporation Aquaculture
Biosolutions International Supplies
Cary Andigan Gen. Santos City Corporation Distributor
Marjun Villanueva General Santos City CPF-Phils.
San Roque, Labangal, General
Eugenio Ortigas Santos City Arowana Agriventures Corp.
Remegio Jr. Abuda Davao City CPF
Sonny Boy St. Paul's Village, Talisay, Feedmiller

Baladon Negros Occidental CPF
Rona Jae De Jose General Santos City HOCPO FEEDS CORP.
Superhighway Gugo, Samal

Wichet Kaewpa Bataan CPFPC
Aquaculture feed millers/ Distributor, Research/Academe
Aquaculture feed
millers/
Distributor,
Ruel Eguia Rizal t Binangonan Rizal Feedmix Specialist II Research/Academe
Asis Perez Talisay Tiaong Quezon Feedmix Specialist II
Farm
196

Aquaculture feed
millers/
Distributor,
Ruel Eguia Rizal t Binangonan Rizal Feedmix Specialist II Research/Academe
Asis Perez Talisay Tiaong Quezon Feedmix Specialist II
Farm
Back of Pepsi-Cola Plant, Aquasur Resources
Ana Luz Jayme Dumoy, Davao City Corporation
Arlene De La Vega Bolinao, Pangasinan
196AMV Aquafarm
Marybeth Irigo Brgy dawan mati city PJJ Farms
136 charisma st dña Andrea
Village ortigas extension Pasig
Socrates Estuita City Gracewoods Island farms
Tago Sustainable
John Glaizelle Brgy. Purisima, Tago, Surigao Association of Farming
Siman del Sur Enthusiast
Jake Vergara Calatagan, Batangas JLV Farm
Blk9Lt5 Pioneer Village Alsons Aquaculture
Dalea Austero Lagao,Gen.Santos City Corporation Farm
Roberto
Estoconing Siaton, Negros Oriental SONAMCO
Allan Rayos del sol Occidental Mindoro Rams Aquafarming
Nolan Bretana NCR NSBNB5
Nicanor Jr.
Serdoncillo Baganga Davao Oriental WRV AQUA FARM
Sitio Cabu, Seguil, General
Jemar Atay Santos City Chrysos Aquaculture Corp.
Manuel Victor
Buenaflor 4273 Gonzales St., Surigao City Buenaflor Aquaventure
SPSS Compund, Sitio Cabu,
Lovely Fe Epañola Seguil Gen. Santos City Chrysos Aquaculture Corp.
Farm, Trader
Jason Hagos Wawa III, Rosario, Cavite Grobest Feeds Philippines

Farm, Trader
Purok 6B, La Union, Cabadbaran AquaTech
Ariel Ruena Cabadbaran City Resources Corp.
Farm, Processors
Farm, Processor
Danilo Caparos Alabel Sarangani SANACOR
Processor
Ricky Sun Libis Quezon City HJR
Trader
Makran Trading and
Toni Rose Simosa Development Corp. Trader
Chingling Tanco Midatrade
Hatchery, Research/Academe
Hatchery,
Villa Ofelia Subd. Brgy. Research/Academe
Neil Dosado Balantang Jaro, Iloilo City SEAFDEC
Hatchery, Farm
258 National Road, Bgy.
Balayhangin, Calauan, Laguna, Hatchery, Farm
Hector Palma Phil. Feedmix Specialists, Inc., II
Hatchery, Farm, Aquaculture feed millers/ Distributor
197

Villa Ofelia Subd. Brgy. Research/Academe
Neil Dosado Balantang Jaro, Iloilo City SEAFDEC
Hatchery, Farm
258 National Road, Bgy.
Balayhangin, Calauan, Laguna, Hatchery, Farm
Hector Palma Phil. Feedmix Specialists, Inc., II
Hatchery, Farm, Aquaculture feed millers/ Distributor
Hatchery, Farm,
Aquaculture feed
197 millers/ Distributor
Christopher co 82 plaridel street cebu city oversea feeds corporation
Hatchery, Farm, Aquaculture feed millers/ Distributor, Shrimp processors, Shrimp Trader,
Research/Academe
Hatchery, Farm,
Aquaculture feed
millers/
Distributor, Shrimp
processors, Shrimp
Trader,
Norberto Research/Academe
Chingcuanco 50 Gilmore Ave, Quezon City Feedmix Specialist Inc II
Hatchery, Farm, Shrimp processors, Audits and certifications
Hatchery, Farm,
Shrimp processors,
Maria Suzette Rama 111, East Raya Gardens, NSF Asia Pacific Co., Ltd., Audits and
Licop Mercedes Ave., Pasig City NSF International certifications
Government
Ligaya Cabrera Los Baños, Laguna DA-BFAR-4A
Princess Mary Pie
Mejia San Fernando City, La Union BFAR 1
Trina Dianne
Marie Quiachon Surigao City, Surigao del Norte BFAR CARAGA
Rosario Segundina Poblacion Weste, Sta Cruz,
Gaerlan Ilocos Sur BFAR-RF01
Roxanne Brgy. Ilaya, Calapan City,
Crisostomo Oriental Mindoro BFAR MIMAROPA
Trysonel Minay Pinggan BFAR
Elaine Vera Belvis Davao City BFAR XI
Sta. Monica, Puerto Princesa,
Aldrin Villapa Palawan BFAR4B PFO Palawan
Priscille Dawn
Banas Cagayan de Oro City BFAR 10 Government
Armando Dulay Lomboy Santo Tomas La Union Local Government Unit
Geraldine Reyes Sabuanan, Sta. Lucia, Ilocos Sur LGU-Santa Lucia
Leni Abagon Uka II Pavia, Iloilo BFAR 6
Riz Tapdasan Tacloban City BFAR 8
Ellen Rose Braña Iloilo City BFAR6
Eugene Gay
Jamora General Santos City BFAR 12
Eugene Casas General Santos BFAR XII
Dept. of Agri. - Bureau of
Fisheries and Aquatic
Charisse Zianne Resources 12 - Regional
Libres General Santos City Fisheries Laboratory
Cordelia Nipales Bonuan binloc, dagupan city BFAR-NIFTDC
198

Philippine Statistics
Daniel Sr Ariaso Makati City Authority
Rey Caballero General Santos City PFO-Sarangani, BFAR 12
Mohatir Angkanan Lagao, Gensan City BFAR 12
Emilou Espiritu Bugallon,Pangasinan LGU
Stephanie
Cantorne Cagayan de Oro City BFAR 10
Christar Ree Julio Pacana, Macabalan
Merano Cagayan de Oro City BFAR 10
Rey Eduardo BFAR 10, Macabalan, Cagayan
Hojas de Oro City BFAR 10
Tamorong Sta. Catalina Ilocos
Marlon Ragunton Sur LGU Sta. Catalina Ilocos Sur
Macabalan, Cagayan, de Oro
Narciso Minguito City BFAR
Ashley Salinas Manaoag, Pangasinan NIFTDC
Martin Allayban Narvacan, Ilocos Sur BFAR-1
City Agriculture
Office LGU LGU Dagupan City
Dagupan City Dagupan, Pangasinan Agriculture Office
Bureau of Fisheries and
Elena Morales Nalumville, Baliok, Davao City Aquatic Resources
Prk 11, Mipangi, Nabunturan,
Rogelyn APIT Davao de Oro BFAR XI
Sevilla, San Fernando City, La Bureau of Fisheries and
Hasmin Chogsayan Union Aquatic Resources
Rey Caballero General Santos City PFO-Sarangani, BFAR 12
Dianalyn
Padayhag Linong, Sto. Tomas, La Union BFAR RFO1
BFAR NIFTDC, Bonuan Binloc,
Editha Roxas Dagupan City BFAR
Ma. Victoria Flores Binmaley, Pangasinan BFAR Region I
San Isidro Norte, Binmaley,
Sarah May Erfelo Pangasinan DA-BFAR RFO I
Marco Espiritu Los Banos, Laguna BFAR 4A
#7 Figueroa St., Phase 2C,
Bahayang Pagasa Subdivision,
Brgy. Molino 5, Bacoor City,
Maria Sena Erta Cavite BFAR Central Office
Jerick Christian san simeon currimao ilocos
Dagdagan norte BFAR 1
Adelaida Calpe Los Banos Laguna DOST PCAARRD
Francisco Jr 101 Mother Ignacia Avenue
Torres South Triangle Quezon City NFRDI
San Jose del Monte City, National Fisheries Research
Nicko Amor Flores Bulacan and Development Institute
Jennefe
Cabarubias Cebu City BFAR 7
Simeona Regidor Quezon City BFAR CO
Sonia Somga Quezon City BFAR CO
Joselito Somga Quezon City BFAR CO
199

Felecitas Paraggua Tallungan, Aparri, Cagayan BFAR R02
Allen Rose Macabalan, Cagayan de Oro
Guilamo City BFAR 10
joycie Yanez Cagayan de Oro City BFAR-10
Jeryl Belle
Cubangbang Quezon City BFAR CO
Research/Academe
Maria Rowena 908 JP Rizal Extension, Dalig, SEAFDEC Aquaculture
Eguia Binangonan, Rizal Department
Mary Beth
Maningas University of Santo Tomas University of Santo Tomas
Cebu Technological
Maria Conception University - Moalboal
Temblor Saavedra Moalboal Cebu Campus
Cebu Technological
Research/
Jane Polyn Bejoc Carmen, Cebu University
Academe
Joseph Vergel 071 San Rafael Bulacan UST

Robinson Jr Cebu Technological
Amihan Pob west, Moalboal, Cebu University
Alta Tierra Village Jaro, Iloilo
Dan Baliao City SEAFDEC/AQD
Janice Genilza Guimbal, Iloilo SEAFDEC/AQD

Consultancy
Integrated Services for the Research/Academe,

Development of Aquaculture Consultancy
Emilia Quinitio Ledesco Village, Jaro, Iloilo City and Fisheries (ISDA) Inc.
Research/Academe, Government
Cebu Technological
University-Moalboal
Olympia Lavoie Moalboal,Cebu Campus
Palompon Institute of Research/Academe,
Technology-Tabango Government
Mark Glenn Narido Carigara, Leyte Campus
Nico Flores Quezon City NFRDI

Feed Sales
Magliba, San Fabian, Charoen Pokphand Foods
Renato Rivera Pangasinan Philippines Corporation
NKB Warehouse, Lacson
Extension, Brgy. 39, 6100 HOC PO Feeds
Ma. Corazon Bacolod City, Negros Corporation/HP Aquafarm
Feed sales
Magbanua Occidental Inc.
Mary Ann Basal Davao city NSF Asia-Pacific
Nerry James
Bretaña
Wilfredo De Lara BF Homes, Paranaque City WTL Shrimp Farm
200

Purok San Francisco 1 Bgy.
Tiniguiban Puerto Princesa,
Analyn Mayuga Palawan Mayuga Farm
Pilmico Animal Nutrition

Arnold Tanoy Capas, Tarlac Corporation
Karen May
Espiritu Simbaluca, Sta. Teresita Dataj Aquafarm Inc.,
Jackielyn Carpio Babayuan, Amulung, Cagayan BFAR RO2-RFL
Masaguisi Sta Cruz
Cresencia Pergis Marinduque NA
Nicholas Guiua San Jose, Occidental Mindoro Guiua Aquaculture
Lot94C ELectronics Road,
Gilbert Arugay Taguig Seachamp Intl Export Corp
Digos City, Davao del Sur,
Yvonne Paronelmo Philippines Santeeh Feeds Corporation
Crossing Ubay, Brgy, Lag-Asan,
Julia LEE Bago City ZESTCOOK 117, Inc.
Levy Loreto United States Soybean
Manalac Dagupan City, Pangasinan Export Council
Julius Bacocot
Joseph Exim CPH
201

JULY 7, 2021
Company /
Name Address Sector
Organization
Input Providers
Mark Rowel Napulan Agus Lapu Lapu City Cebu Zeigler Bros., Inc.
P. Papaya, Landing, Darong. Cruz, Aquaski Prawn
Salvador Magallanes Davao del Sur Hatchery
Salimbao, Sultan Kudarat,
Hairodin Arap Maguindanao MAFAR-BARMM
Salimbao, Sultan Kudarat,
Hairodin Arap Maguindanao MAFAR-BARMM
383 Ceralde St. Bonuan Gueset
Pie Chen Cabrera Dagupan Pangasinan Good Prawn Hatchery
Bonuan Binloc, Dagupan City,
Nixon Chan Pangasinan NCC Hatchery Hatchery
Bonuan Binloc, Dagupan City, Winner ICs Mega
Nancy Landingin Pangasinan Hexall’n Hatchery
Bonuan Binloc, Dagupan City,
Min Cheng Hung Pangasinan MY Hatchery
Don Marcelo Balolong Ave.,
Bonuan Gueset, Dagupan City,
Nixon Chan Pangasinan NCC Aqua Culture
david oligo bonuan binloc pangasinan angel hatchery
Lot 14 Block 16 Happy Homes
Greenbelt, Brgy. Alawihao, Daet,
Edgar San Ramon Camarines Norte BFAR 5
Aquaculture Feedmill/Distributor
Biosolutions
#23 Doña Rosario Subd., Brgy. International
Camelli Satur Novaliches, Quezon City Corporation
Biosolutions
Ynna Czheleecka Frane Novaliches, Quezon City International Corp
Biosolutions
23 A Legaspi St., Barangay 147, International
Mara Jane Semilla Pasay City Corporation Aquaculture
Silangan Highway Sto. Nino, Santeh Feeds Feedmill/Distributor
Ning Pascual Calumpit, Bulacan Corporation
Levy Loreto Manalac Dagupan City, Pangasinan USSEC

Hocpo Feeds
Rona Jae De Jose General Santos City Corporation
Sitio Tapsan Brgy. Panitian Biosolutions
Mary Ann Cuarte Quezon Palawan International Corp
Biosolutions
International
Ryan Zamora QC, NCR Corporation
202
United States Soybean
Levy Loreto Manalac Dagupan City, Pangasinan Export Council (USSEC)
Farm
Mervyn Salazar Sablayan occ mindoro
136 charisma st, Dna Andrea
Village Ortigas Extension Pasig Gracewoods Island
4 0 2Socrates
BUREA Estuita
U OF FISHERIES City
AND AQUATIC RESOURCES Farms Inc.
Lj Barnachea Small Margus, Glan, Sarangani Fishnetworx Enterprise
Andrea Jo Balitoc Calatagan O&B Aqua Farm
Biosolutions
International
Ryan Zamora QC, NCR Corporation
United States Soybean
Levy Loreto Manalac Dagupan City, Pangasinan Export Council (USSEC)
Farm
Mervyn Salazar Sablayan occ mindoro
136 charisma st, Dna Andrea
Village Ortigas Extension Pasig Gracewoods Island
Socrates Estuita City Farms Inc.
Lj Barnachea Small Margus, Glan, Sarangani Fishnetworx Enterprise
Andrea Jo Balitoc Calatagan O&B Aqua Farm
PARATONG
FISHERMEN
Gil Estranas Paratong, Santa Lucia, Ilocos Sur ASSOCIATION
VMC-MTC
Eugenny Saw Quezon City AQUACULTURE CORP Farm
Allan Rayos del sol Mamburao, Occidental Mindoro Rams Aquafarming
Nicanor jr. Serdoncillo Ban-ao, Baganga, Davao Oriental WRV AQUA FARM
Cary Andigan Gen. Santos City Biosolutions
Janet Bacalso Pacita,lala,lanao del norte AQUARIUS
Josephine Padilla Sitio Naga, Baruyan Calapan City Padilla Fish Farm
virgilio miranda san roque west, agoo, la union independent growout
Karen May Espiritu Sta.Teresita, Cagayan Dataj
Blk9Lt5 Pioneer Village Alsons Aquaculture
Dalea Austero Lagao,Gen. Santos City Corporation
Farm, Trader
136 charisma street Dna Andrea
Village Ortigas Extension pasig Gracewoods Island Farm, Trader
Socrates Estuita City Farms Inc.
Farm, Processor
Karen May Espiritu Simbaluca, Sta. Teresita, Cagayan Dataj Aquafarm, Inc., Farm, Processor
Trader
Mida Trade Ventures
Chingling Tanco Singalong St Malate Manila Itn’l Inc.
Agri-Aquatic Care Ent.
Inc./Migpangi Buying
Eunice Aimee Zayas Manabay, Ozamiz City Station Trader
Mida Trade Ventures
Julius Bacotot Sinagalong St. Malate, Manila Itn’l Inc.
Mida Trade Ventures
Lourdes Jean Cainoy 2219 Singalong St., Malate, Manila Itn’l Inc.
Processor
Makran Trading and
Development
Toni Rose Simosa Taguig City Corporation
Processor
Rose Marie Roja Kawas, Alabel, Sarangani Province SAFI Foods, Inc.
Dai-Hai Marine
Ma. Cris Cos Cagba, Tugbo, Masbate City Products Corporation
Unit 1610, 16th Floor, West
Tower, Philippine Stock203Exchange
Bldg., Exchange Road, Ortigas
Ronald Rivero Center, Pasig City Fisher Farms, Inc.,
Processor, Trader
Unit 1610 16F, West Tower, PSE
Edmarie Vai;oces Bldg., Ortigas Center, Pasig City Fisherfarms Inc.
Unit 1610 16F, West Tower, PSE Processor, Trader
Imelda Madarang Bldg., Ortigas Center, Pasig
P H I LCity
I P P I N E SFisherfarms
H R I M P I N DInc.
USTRY ROADMAP 2022-2025 403

Ronald Rivero Bldg., Ortigas Center, Pasig City Fisherfarms Inc.
Unit 1610, 16th Floor, West
Tower, Philippine Stock Exchange
Bldg., Exchange Road, Ortigas
Ronald Rivero Center, Pasig City Fisher Farms, Inc.,
Processor, Trader
Edmarie Vai;oces Bldg., Ortigas Center, Pasig City Fisherfarms Inc.
Unit 1610 16F, West Tower, PSE Processor, Trader
Imelda Madarang Bldg., Ortigas Center, Pasig City Fisherfarms Inc.
Ronald Rivero Bldg., Ortigas Center, Pasig City Fisherfarms Inc.
Farm, Aquaculture Feedmill/Distributor, Trader
Farm, Aquaculture
GROBEST Feeds Feedmill/Distributor,
Jason Hagos Wawa III, Rosario, Cavite Philippines Inc. Shrimp Trader
Hatchery, Grow-out, Processor
Anderlude Seafoods Hatchery, Farm,
Ludevito Batilong Davao city Corp Processor
Hatchery, Farm, Aquaculture Feedmill/Distributor, Shrimp Processor, Shrimp Trader
Rey Eduardo Hojas Macabalan, CDOC BFAR 10
Norberto Chingcuanco QC Feedmix Group
Hatchery, Grow-out
Purok 7. Poblacion, Sapad Lanao Hatchery, Farm
Candelario Monte del Norte Lanao Farms inc.
Hatchery, Farm, Aquaculture Feedmill/Distributor
Institute of
Hatchery, Farm,
Aquaculture, College of
Aquaculture
Fisheries and Ocean
Feedmill/Distributor
Fredson Huervana Pavia, Iloilo Sciences, UPV
Hatchery, Farm, Processor
Anderlude Seafoods Hatchery, Farm,
Ludevito Batilong Davao city Corp Processor
Hatchery, Farm, Processor, Trader
Hatchery, Farm,
Jun Jun Mendoza Cagayan Valley Dataj Aquafarm, Inc. Processor, Trader
204

PARTICIPANTS DURING THE FINAL PUBLIC VIRTUAL CONSULTATION ON
SEPTEMBER 9, 2021
Company /
Name Address Sector
Organization
Input Providers
Rizal St. Guimbal
Hatchery
Sherlito Balacanta Iloilo City SNB - Hatchery
Feedmill / Distributor
Talisay, Negros
Sonny Boy Balad-on Occidental CPF
Sydney Alder Abao Bataan CPF

The Prestige, Blk
61, lot 29
Cabantian,
Jun Abuda Davao city CPF
General Santos Aquaculture Feedmill/Distributor
Marjun Villanueva City CPF Philippines
Hermosa,
Joseph Macarilay Bataan CPFPC
Wichet Bataan CPFPC

Biosolutions
Novaliches, International
Camelli Satur Quezon City Corporation
Biosolutions
International
Ryan Zamora Quezon, City Corporation
515 Ozamis
Bldg. Bonifacio
Heights Brgy.
Fort Bonifacio
Lawton Ave.
Taguig, Metro Feedmix
Leslie Marie Prestoza Manila 1630 Specialist Inc. II
Feedmix
Axela Dane Dizon Tiaong, Quezon Specialist Inc. II
7th Flr Richwell
Center 102
Timog Ave, Brgy Santeh Feeds
Cristeta Asuncion Sacred Heart QC Corp
Cadiz Viejo,
Cadiz City,
Negros Santeh Feeds
Geraldin Mae Olaer Occidental Corporation
Bacolod City,
Negros Santeh Feeds
Thamaz Lee Quilantang 205
Occidental Corporation
Blk83Lot15
Celine Homes,
Brgy. Estefania,
Bacolod City,
Negros Santeh Feeds
Glenn Torres Occidental Corp.
82 Plaridel St.,
Christopher Co Cebu City Oversea Feeds
Elanco
Bacolod City,
Negros Santeh Feeds
Thamaz Lee Quilantang Occidental Corporation
Blk83Lot15
Celine Homes,
Brgy. Estefania,
Bacolod City,
Negros Santeh Feeds
Glenn Torres Occidental Corp.
82 Plaridel St.,
Christopher Co Cebu City Oversea Feeds
Elanco
Saranggani Philippines
Liam Rane Geraldo Province Incorporated
Biosolutions
Quezon, International
Mary Solis Palawan Corporation
Farm
Siman
Aquaculture
Purisima, Tago, Production and
Antonieta Siman Surigao del Sur Feeds Supply
Catalagan,
Andrea Jo Dela Cruz Batangas O&B Aqua Farm
Pob.Sapad,Lanao
Candelario Monte del Norte Lanao Farms, Inc.
Tago Sustainable
Association of
Purisima, Tago, Farming
John Glaizelle Siman Surigao del Sur Enthusiast
Brgy. Dawan,
City of Mati,
Marybeth Irigo Davao Oriental PJJ Farm
316 Gerardo
Cruz St. Bolinao,
Arlene Dela Vega Pangasinan AMV Aquafarm Farm
Alsons
Lagao,General Aquaculture
Dalea Austero Santos City Corporation
Josepg Edgar “GJ” Sarrosa Bacolod City SEACORP

Alabel,
Sarangani Alsons Aqua
Jessalve Regina Amlon Province Corporation
Gracewoods
Socrates Estuita Pasig City Island Farms
Kiamba,
Sarangani Montecito Aqua
William Dela Cruz Province Farm
Kawas, Alabel,
Sarangani
Danilo Caparos Province Sanacor
Lorenzo Vergara Makati City JLV Shrimp Farm
Danilo Tamayo Cagayan 206 Dataj Aquafarm
San Jose,
Occidental
Nicholas Guiua Mindoro Guiua Aquafarms
Farm, Trader
Grobest Feeds
406 Ronald
B U R E AGatilao
U OF FISHERIES AND A Q U A T Gerona,
IC RESO Tarlac
URCES Philippines
Farm, Trader
Wawa III, Grobest Feeds
Jason Hagos Rosario, Cavite Philippines
Danilo Tamayo Cagayan Dataj Aquafarm
San Jose,
Occidental
Nicholas Guiua Mindoro Guiua Aquafarms
Farm, Trader
Grobest Feeds
Ronald Gatilao Gerona, Tarlac Philippines
Farm, Trader
Wawa III, Grobest Feeds
Jason Hagos Rosario, Cavite Philippines
Trader
Rama 111, East
Raya Gardens, Makran Trading
Mercedes Ave., & Development
Maria Suzette Licop Pasig City Corp.
Lot 94C
Electronics Ave., Makran Trading Trader
FTI Complex & Development
Toni Rose Simosa Taguig City Corp.
2219 Singalong
St. Malate,
Chingling Tanco Manila Midatrade
Processor
Maria Cris Cros Masbate City Dai-Hai Marine
Sta Teresita, Dataj Aquafarm,
Processor
Jun Jun Mendoza Cagayan Valley Inc.
Processor, Trader
Unit 1610 16F,
West Tower,
PSE Bldg., Shrimp Processor, Shrimp Trader
Ortigas Center, Fisher Farms,
Imelda Madarang Pasig City Inc.,
16th Floor, Unit
1610, West
Tower, PSE
Bldg., Exchange
Road, Ortigas
Center, Pasig Fisher Farms,
Ronald Rivero City Inc.,
16th Floor, Unit
1610, West
Tower, PSE
Bldg., Exchange
Road, Ortigas
Edmarie Vailoces City Inc.,
Norberto Chincuanco Quezon City Feedmix Group
Processor, Exporter
Shrimp Processor, Shrimp
Rommel Sotto Taguig City Seachamp Exporter
Government
Sonia Somga Quezon City BFAR Government
207

Road, Ortigas
Edmarie Vailoces City Inc.,
Norberto Chincuanco Quezon City Feedmix Group
Processor, Exporter
Shrimp Processor, Shrimp
Rommel Sotto Taguig City Seachamp Exporter
Government
Sonia Somga Quezon City BFAR Government
Nalumville,
Baliok, Davao
Elena Morales City 207 BFAR
Severina Bueno Quezon, City BFAR
Marljun Evangelista Quezon, City BFAR
Sancho Bilog Luzon BFAR 1
Jackielyn Carpio Luzon BFAR 2
Felicitas Paraggua Luzon BFAR 2
Ingrid Balquiqui Luzon BFAR 3
Marvin Enriquez Luzon BFAR 3
Juvy BArillo Luzon BFAR 4A
Trysonel Minay Marinduque BFAR 4B
Aldrin Villapa Luzon BFAR 4B
Joel Malabanan Luzon BFAR 4B
Roxanne Crisostomo Luzon BFAR 4B
Edgar San Ramon Luzon BFAR 5
Evelyn Saberon Luzon BFAR 5
Mario Ruinata Visayas BFAR 7
Cirila Libay Visayas BFAR 7
Joel Clapano Visayas BFAR 7
Riza Tapdasan Visayas BFAR 8
Sherdalyn Sajili-Paradji Mindanao BFAR 9
Rey Eduardo Hojas Mindanao BFAR 10
Eugene Gay Zamora Mindanao BFAR 12
Charisse Zian Libres Mindanao BFAR 12
Agusan Del
PFO Norte BFAR 13
BFAR 13
Leona Victoria Nortega Mindanao

M. Peralta Luzon BFAR CAR
Pia Gundan Luzon BFAR CAR
Maria Sena Erta Luzon BFAR IFAD
Angeliza Rose Lopez Luzon BFAR IFAD
Albin Ganchero Quezon City DTI-EMB
Elizabeth Cristina Pahlian Quezon City DTI – BOI
Los Banos,
Adelaida Calpe Laguna DOST PCAARRD
Reinalda Adriano Quezon City PSA
Sta. Lucia, Ilocos
Geraldine Reyes Sur LGU
Research and Academe
Rolando Pakingking Jr. Tigbauan, Iloilo SEAFDEC/AQD
MRR Eguia Iloilo City SEAFDEC/AQD
Hatchery, Research, Academe
Integrated
Blk 1 Lot 47 Services for the
Hatchery, Research and Academe
Ledesco Village, Development of
Emilia Quinitio Jaro Iloilo city Aquaculture and
408 B U R E A U O F F I S H E R I E S A N D A Q U A T I C R E S O U R208
CES
Adelaida Calpe Laguna DOST PCAARRD
Reinalda Adriano Quezon City PSA
Sta. Lucia, Ilocos
Geraldine Reyes Sur LGU
Rolando Pakingking Jr. Tigbauan, Iloilo SEAFDEC/AQD
MRR Eguia Iloilo City SEAFDEC/AQD
Hatchery, Research, Academe
Integrated
Blk 1 Lot 47 Services for the
Hatchery, Research and Academe
Ledesco Village, Development of
Emilia Quinitio Jaro Iloilo city Aquaculture and
Fisheries (ISDA)
208 Inc.
USSEC – Aquaculture Program
Dagupan City,
USSEC
Levy Loreto Manalac Pangasinan USSEC
Enabler
City Heights, Sargen Shrimp
General Santos Stakeholders
Richard Paparon City Asso., Inc
NSF Asia Pacific Enabler
Mary Ann Galenzoga Davao City Co Ltd
NSF Asia-Pacific
Mary Ann Basal Davao City Co

ANNEX
ANNEX22
ANNEX 2
ANNEX
ANNEX 2
2
QUESTIONNAIRES
QUESTIONNAIRES
QUESTIONNAIRES
QUESTIONNAIRES
QUESTIONNAIRES
March
March16, 16,2021
2021
March 16, 2021
March
March 16, 16, 2021
2021
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
Dear
Dear_________________________,
_________________________,
Dear _________________________,
Dear
Dear _________________________,
_________________________,
Good
Goodday! day!
Good
InInGood
relation
relation day!
totothetheongoing
ongoingupdating
updatingofofShrimp ShrimpIndustry
IndustryRoadmapRoadmap2021-2040,2021-2040,we weare
are
Good day!
day!
In relation
disseminating
disseminating to
surveythe ongoing
surveyongoing updating
questionnaires
questionnaires of
totoof
the
the Shrimp
different
different Industry
sectors
sectors Roadmap
ofofthe 2021-2040,
theindustry,
industry, so
sothat
thatwe
we
we are
In relation
relation to
Indisseminating to the
the ongoing updating
updating of Shrimp
Shrimp Industry
Industry Roadmap
Roadmap 2021-2040,
2021-2040, we
we are
are
will
will
bebeable
abletotoreflect survey
reflect the questionnaires
thepresent
present status, to theand
status,issues
issues different
andconcerns sectors
concerns inintheof said
the the
saidindustry,
roadmap.
roadmap. so that we
disseminating
disseminating survey
survey questionnaires
questionnaires to
to the
the different
different sectors
sectors of
of the
the industry,
industry, so
so that
that we
we
will
Relative
Relative be able
toable
tothis,
this, to
thereflect the
theundersigned
undersignedpresent status,
isisrequesting
requesting issues
you
you and concerns
totofill-out
fill-outthe in the
theattached
attached said roadmap.
questionnaires
questionnaires
will
will be
be able to to reflect
reflect the present status,
the present status, issues
issues andand concerns
concerns in the
in the said roadmap.
said roadmap.
and
and Relative
emailtototo
email this, the undersigned
bfarcoshrimp@gmail.com
bfarcoshrimp@gmail.com is on
requesting
onororbefore
beforeyou
Marchto fill-out
March 22, the
22,2021,
2021, attached
Monday.
Monday. questionnaires
Relative
Relative to this,
this, the
the undersigned
undersigned is
is requesting
requesting you
you to
to fill-out
fill-out the
the attached
attached questionnaires
questionnaires
Thank andyou
Thank email
you very tomuch
very bfarcoshrimp@gmail.com
muchfor foryour
yourtime
timeand on or beforeWe
andconsideration.
consideration. March
Welooklook 22, 2021,for
forward
forward Monday.
foryour
yourpositive
positive
and
and email
email to
to bfarcoshrimp@gmail.com
bfarcoshrimp@gmail.com on
on or
or before
before March
March 22,
22, 2021,
2021, Monday.
Monday.
Thank
response.
response. you very much for your time and consideration. We look forward for your positive
Thank
Thank you
you very
very much
much for
for your
your time
time and
and consideration.
consideration. We
We look
look forward
forward for
for your
your positive
positive
God
God response.
bless
blessand andmore morepower.
power.
response.
response.
God bless and more power.
God
God bless
bless and and more
more power.
power.
Sincerely,
Sincerely,
Sincerely,
Sincerely,
Sincerely,
210
210
210
210
210

GROW-OUT SECTOR
Kindly provide the needed information. This data will be used for shrimp commodity roadmap
GROW-OUT SECTOR
updating. Rest assured that the information gathered shall remain confidential.
A. Where areRest
updating. we? assured that the information gathered shall remain confidential.
A. Where are we?
The tables below are proposed Cost-Benefit Analysis.
The tables
Table below are proposed
1. Cost-Benefit Cost-Benefit
Analysis Analysis.
for Penaeus monodon
Table 1. Cost-Benefit Analysis for Penaeus monodon
Assumptions
Assumptions
Stocking Stocking
densitydensity
(pcs/m(pcs/m
3)
3
) 25 25
Days of Culture
Days of Culture 135 135
Feed conversion ratio ratio
Feed conversion 1.5 1.5
Average bodyAverage body weight
weight (g) (g) 35 35
Survival Rate 80
Survival Rate
Volume of production (per hectare) 7,000
80
Volume of production
Total feeds (per hectare) 10,500 7,000
Total feeds Operating Cost 10,500
Operating Cost Specifics Cost per Hectare Cost per Kg Percentage
(PhP) (PhP)
Specifics Cost per Hectare Cost per Kg Percentage
Pond preparation 75,000.00 10.71 3.75
Feeds (PhP)
756,000.00 (PhP)
108.00 37.78
Pond preparation
Fry 75,000.00
175,000.00 10.71
25.00 8.75 3.75
Feeds Pumping cost (sea water) 220,000.00
756,000.00 31.43
108.00 10.99 37.78
Aeration cost 260,000.00 37.14 12.99
Fry 175,000.00 25.00 8.75
Water treatment 100,000.00 14.29 5.00
PumpingFeed costadditives
(sea water) 220,000.00
120,000.00 31.43
17.14 6.00 10.99
Aeration Direct
cost labor 260,000.00
190,000.00 37.14
27.14 9.50 12.99
Water treatment
Other costs 100,000.00
105,000.00 14.29
15.00 5.25 5.00
Total operating cost per hectare 2,001,000.00 285.86
Feed additives 120,000.00 17.14 6.00
Profitability Computation
Direct labor 190,000.00 27.14 9.50
Average price (PhP/kg) 400.00
Other costs Total revenue 105,000.00 15.00 2,800,000.00 5.25
Total operating cost percost
Total operating hectare 2,001,000.00 285.86 2,001,000.00
NetComputation
Profitability profit per cropping period 799,000.00
Average price (PhP/kg) 400.00

Total revenue Table 2. Cost-Benefit Analysis for Penaeus vannamei 2,800,000.00
Assumptions
Total operating cost 2,001,000.00
Stocking density (pcs/m3) 80
Net profit Days
per cropping
of Culture
period 799,000.00
110
Feed conversion ratio 1.2
Average body weight (g) 25
TableSurvival
2. Cost-Benefit
Rate
Analysis for Penaeus vannamei 85
Assumptions
Volume of production (per hectare) 17,000
Stocking Total feeds(pcs/m3)
density 20,400 80
Operating Cost
Days of Culture 110
Specifics Cost per Hectare Cost per Kg Percentage
Feed conversion ratio (PhP) (PhP) 1.2
Average body weight (g)
Pond preparation 75,000.00 4.41 2.49 25
Survival Rate
Feeds 1,387,200.00 81.60 46.01 85
Volume ofFry
production (per hectare) 208,000.00 12.24 6.90 17,000
Pumping cost (sea water) 320,000.00 18.82 10.51
Total feeds 20,400
Aeration cost 360,000.00 21.18 11.94
OperatingWater
Cost treatment 150,000.00 8.82 4.97
Specifics
Feed additives
211
Cost per190,000.00
Hectare Cost per Kg
11.18 Percentage
6.30
Direct labor 220,000.00
(PhP) 12.94
(PhP) 7.30
Other costs 105,000.00 6.18 3.48
Pond preparation 75,000.00 4.41 2.49
Total operating cost per hectare 3,015,200.00 117.37
Feeds Profitability Computation 1,387,200.00 81.60 46.01
Fry Average price (PhP/kg) 208,000.00 12.24 270.00 6.90
PumpingTotal
costrevenue
(sea water) 320,000.00 18.82 4,590,000.00 10.51
Aeration Total
cost operating cost 360,000.00 21.18 3,015,200.00
11.94
Net profit per cropping period 1,574,800.00
211
1. Do you agree on the data in table 1? Yes No Not Applicable
2. Do you agree on the data in table 2? Yes No Not Applicable

3. If No, kindly provide your recommended tabulation to be submitted together with this
OtherOther
costs
Other
Other
Water costscosts
costs
treatment 105,000.00
105,000.00
105,000.00
105,000.00
150,000.00 6.18 6.186.18
6.18
8.82 3.48 3.483.48
3.48
4.97
Total Total
operating
Total
Total
Feed operating
operating
cost per
operating
additives cost hectare
cost
costper
perper hectare 3,015,200.00
hectare
hectare 3,015,200.00
3,015,200.00
3,015,200.00
190,000.00 117.37
117.37
117.37
117.37
11.18 6.30
Profitability
Profitability
Profitability
Computation
Profitability
Direct laborComputation
Computation
Computation 220,000.00 12.94 7.30
Average
Average
Average
price
Average
Other price
(PhP/kg)
price
price
costs (PhP/kg)
(PhP/kg)
(PhP/kg) 105,000.00 6.18 270.00
270.00
270.00
270.00
3.48
TotalTotal
revenue
Total
Total
Total revenue
revenue
revenue
operating cost per hectare 3,015,200.00 117.37 4,590,000.00
4,590,000.00
4,590,000.00
4,590,000.00
TotalTotal
operating
Total
Total operating
operating
cost
operating
Profitability costcost
cost
Computation 3,015,200.00
3,015,200.00
3,015,200.00
3,015,200.00
Net profit
Net
NetNet
profit
per profit
cropping
profit
Average per
perper
cropping
cropping
periodperiod
cropping
price (PhP/kg) period
period 1,574,800.00
1,574,800.00
1,574,800.00
1,574,800.00
270.00
Total revenue 4,590,000.00
1. 1.1.Total
Do you
1.Do operating
DoDo
you
agree
youyou
agree
on cost
agree
agreethe
onondata
on
the
thethe
data
in data
table
datainintable
in
1?table
table1?
1?1?
Yes Yes
Yes
Yes No No
NoNoNot 3,015,200.00
Applicable
Not
Not
NotApplicable
Applicable
Applicable
Net profit per cropping period 1,574,800.00
2. Do
2. you
2.1. DoDo
2.Do agree
youyou
you on
agree
agreethe
agree ondata
on on
thethe
the in
datadata
table
data in
2?table
inintable
table 2?2?
2?
1? Yes Yes
Yes No No
Yes NoNo Not
NotApplicable
Not
Not
Not Applicable
Applicable
Applicable
Applicable
3. If3.2.
No,
3. 3.IfDoNo,
No, kindly
Ifkindly
If you
No,
kindlyprovide
provide
kindly
agree theyour
provide
your
provide
on yourrecommended
recommended
your
data inrecommended
recommended
table 2? tabulation
Yesto betoto
tabulation
tabulation
tabulation be
submitted
to submitted
be
beNo
submittedtogether
submitted
together
together
Not with
together
with this
withthis
with this
this
Applicable
form.form. form.
form.
3. If No, kindly provide your recommended tabulation to be submitted together with this
4. What farming
4.4. 4.WhatWhat
What
form. farming
system
farming
farming system
are you
system
system areare
areoperating?
youyou
you operating?
operating?
operating?
Intensive
Intensive Intensive
Intensive
Intensive
4. What Semi-intensive
Semi-intensive
Semi-intensive
Semi-intensive
Semi-intensive
farming system are you operating?
Extensive
Extensive Extensive
Extensive
Extensive
Intensive
If extensive,
If extensive,
IfIfextensive, polyculture
extensive, polyculture
polyculturewith with
polyculture what
withwith
fish?
whatwhat
what ____________________
fish?fish?
fish? ____________________
____________________
____________________
Semi-intensive
Extensive
5. What are
5.5. 5.WhatWhat
What the
are
are are
challenges
the
thethe challenges
challenges or constraints
challenges or constraints
that that
ororconstraints
constraints affect
that
that your
affect
affect
affect operations?
your your
your operations?
operations?
operations?
If extensive, polyculture with what fish? ____________________
Diseases
Diseases Diseases
Diseases limited
limited supply
limited supply
limited of
supply
supply ofofquality
quality
of fry
quality
qualityfry
fryfry
5. Whathighhigh
cost
high
are cost
high of
cost
the ofofelectricity
electricity
cost of electricity
electricity
challenges or constraints that lack lack
affectof
lack ofofoperations?
skilled
lack
your skilled
of
skilled technician
technician
skilled technician
technician
lack lack
oflack ofoflinkage
linkage
lack of linkage
linkage tototraders
to traders to traders
traders highhigh
cost
high cost
highof feeds
cost
cost ofoffeeds
of
feeds &&other
&feeds
other &inputs
other inputs
other inputs
inputs
Diseases limited supply of quality fry
limited
limited access
limited
limited access
access
access totofinancial
to financial
to institutions
financial
institutions
financial institutions
institutions highhigh
qualityquality
high
high standards
standards
quality
quality standards
standards
high cost of electricity lack of skilled technician
Others,
Others, Others, specify:
specify:
Others, specify:
specify:
lack of linkage to traders high cost of feeds & other inputs
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
limited access to financial institutions high quality standards
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
Others, specify:
_____ _____ _____
_____
______________________________________________________
6.6. 6.How
6. How do
HowHowdo
you
dodo you
address
you address
you address
those
address those constraints
constraints
those
those and and
constraints
constraints challenges?
challenges?
and
and challenges?
challenges?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
_____
6. ___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
How do you address those constraints and challenges?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
____________________
____________________
____________________
____________________
___________________________________________________________________
7.7. 7.How
7. How do
HowHowdo government
government
dodo government
government agencies
agencies agencies
agencies address
address address
those
address those constraints,
constraints,
those
those constraints,
if any
constraints, ififany
if any
any
___________________________________________________________________
____________________
7. How do government agencies address those constraints, if any
212 212 212212
212

___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
__________
__________
B. Where
B. Where do want
do we we want to go?
to go?
1. Are
1. Are you you planning
planning to expand
to expand youryour operation?
operation? ? YesYes Yes NoNo
No
If yes, how many additional volumes in metric tons can you produce per per
If yes, how many additional volumes in metric tons can you produce cycle?
cycle?
________
________
If No,
If No, statestate the reasons
the reasons
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
2. Please
2. Please comment
comment on proposed
on proposed vision,
vision, mission
mission andand
goalgoal tostated
to be be stated in roadmap:
in the the roadmap:
Proposed
Proposed Comment
Comment or write
or write youryour propose
propose
statement
statement
Vision:
Vision:
Sustainable
Sustainable andand equitable
equitable shrimp
shrimp
industry recognized internationally for its
high-quality
high-quality shrimp
shrimp produced
produced using
using a a
socially responsible and environmentally
sound
sound production
production system.
system.
Mission:
Mission:
Development
Development of cost-competitive,
of cost-competitive, quality
quality
driven, supply reliable, product-diversified
value
value chain
chain fromfrom farming
farming to shrimp
to shrimp
products
products manufacturing
manufacturing under
under
sustainable practices
Goal:
Goal:
TheThe primary
primary goalgoal of industry
of the the industry
is tois to
increase
increase the volume
the volume of shrimp
of shrimp exportexport
fromfrom
6,060
6,060 MT MT in 2019
in 2019 to ___
to ___ in 2025.
in 2025. To To
attain
attain this this
goal,goal, shrimp
shrimp production
production should
should
be increased
be increased to 70,807MT
to 70,807MT fromfrom
the the
current level of 64,132 metric tons.tons.
current level of 64,132 metric
213213

C.C.
C.How
How dodo
How dowe
we weget
get there?
there?
get there?
C. How doAs
1. 1.1. we get there?
As As grower,what
grower,
grower, what areare
what your
your
are targets
targets
your forfor
targets forthe
the next
next
the 5, 5,
next 105,1010and
and 2020
and 20years?
years? years?
C. How1.do As wegrower,
get there? what are your targets for the next 5, 10 and 20 years?
1. As grower, what are your targets for the next 5, 10 and 20 years?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__
______________________________________________________________________
__ How do we get there?
C.
C. How do we get there?
__ 1. As grower, what are your targets for the next 5, 10 and 20 years?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
1. As grower, what are your targets for the next 5, 10 and 20 years?
______________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__
______________________________________________________________________
__ ______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
__ __
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
__
______________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__
______________________________________________________________________
__ ______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
__ __
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
__
______________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__
______________________________________________________________________
__ ______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
__ __
2. 2.
__2.What
What are
What are
are your
your plans/
plans/
your strategies
strategies
plans/ strategiesto totoimprove
improve
improve production?
production?
production?
2. What are your plans/ strategies to improve production?
2.___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
What are your plans/ strategies to improve production?
___________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
_____
__________
__
__ ___________________________________________________________________
_____
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
_____
___________________________________________________________________
_____
__________2. What are your plans/ strategies to improve production?
2. ___________________________________________________________________
What are your plans/ strategies to improve production?
_____
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
_____
___________________________________________________________________
_____ ___________________________________________________________________
_____
___________________________________________________________________
_____
___________________________________________________________________
_____ _____
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
_____
___________________________________________________________________
_____
___________________________________________________________________
_____ ___________________________________________________________________
_____
___________________________________________________________________
_____
___________________________________________________________________
_____ _____
_____
_____ ___________________________________________________________________
3. 3.3.___________________________________________________________________
What
What What government
government
government interventions,
interventions,
interventions, projects
projects or or
projects oractivities
activities willwill
activities you
willyou suggest
suggest
you to to
suggest tosupport
support
support
3. thethe
What
grow-outgovernment
_____
grow-out sector
sector interventions,
andand shrimp
shrimp projects
industry
industry asasaorwhole?
a activities
whole? will you suggest to support
_____ the grow-out sector and shrimp industry as a whole?
3. What government
sectorinterventions, projectsas or aactivities
whole? will you suggest to support
the ___________________________________________________________________
grow-out and shrimp industry
___________________________________________________________________
State
State as as
the
State as many
many asas
grow-out
many
_____ you you can:
can:
assector
you and shrimp industry as a whole?
can:
_____as many as you can:
State
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
State as many as you can:
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
3. What government interventions, projects or activities will you suggest to support
3.___________________________________________________
What government interventions, projects or activities will you suggest to support
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
the grow-out sector and shrimp industry as a whole?
the grow-out sector and shrimp industry as a whole?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
_________________________
_________________________
___________________________________________________________________
_________________________
___________________________________________________________________
_________________________
___________________________________________________________________
4. 4.What
4. What particular
particular
particular projects
projects or or
projects oractivities
activities forfor
activities forresearch
research
research institutions
institutions
___________________________________________________________________
What that
institutions that
you
thatyou would
would
you like
like
would to toto
like
4. _________________________
What
suggest particular projects or activities for research institutions
___________________________________________________________________ that you would like to
suggest to to tosupport
support thethe
support thegrow-out
grow-out
grow-out sector
sector
sectorandand shrimp
shrimp
___________________________________________________________________
suggest and shrimp industry
industry asas
industry aasa awhole?
whole?
whole?
4. What
suggest particular
to supportprojects or activities
the grow-out sector for and
research
shrimp institutions
industry as
___________________________________________________________________ that you would like to
a whole?
___________________________________________________________________
State
State asas
suggest
State as many
many asas
tomany asyou
you
support thecan:
can:
you grow-out sector and shrimp industry as a whole?
can:
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
_________________________
_________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
4. What particular projects or activities for research institutions that you would like to
4. ___________________________________________________
What particular projects or activities for research institutions that you would like to
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
suggest to support the grow-out sector and shrimp industry as a whole?
suggest to support the grow-out sector and shrimp industry as a whole?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
State as many as you can: 214214214
___________________________________________________
214
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
214
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
214
214

HATCHERY
HATCHERY SECTOR
SECTOR
Kindly
Kindly provide
provide the needed
needed information.
information.This
Thisdata
datawillwill
bebe used
used for for shrimp
shrimp commodity
commodity roadmap
roadmap
updating.
updating.Rest
Rest assured thatthe
assured that theinformation
informationgathered
gathered shall
shall remain
remain confidential.
confidential.
A. Where
A. Where are
are we?
we?
1. Fill-out
1. Fill-out the
the second
secondcolumn
columnofofthe
thetable below:
table below:
Question
Question State your
State youranswer
answeror tick the box
or tick the box
1. Species produced P. monodon P. vannamei
1. Species produced P. monodon P. vannamei
2. Location of the facility and size
2. Location of the facility and size
(hectares)
(hectares)
3. Capacity of maturation tank per ________ pieces of breeders
3.
cycle Capacity of maturation tank per ________ pieces of breeders
cycle
4. Capacity of larval rearing tanks per ________ million pieces of PL
4.
cycle Capacity of larval rearing tanks per ________ million pieces of PL
cycle
5. Selling price of PL PhP _____cents per piece for PL stage
5. Selling price of PL ___ PhP _____cents per piece for PL stage
PhP ___ _____ per million for PL stage ____
6. How much is the cost of broodstock PhP PhP _____ perper
__________ million
piecefor PL stage ____
6.
7. How many
much broodstock
is the cost per
of broodstock
cycle PhP __________
_______ per piece
pieces per cycle
8.
7. How much
many cost to maintain
broodstock per cycle _______ pieces per cycle
broodstocks
8. per cycle. Please
How much cost to maintain specify
(feeds, other per
broodstocks inputs)
cycle. Please specify
______________________
(feeds, other inputs) PhP __________________ per cycle
______________________
______________________ PhP __________________ per cycle
______________________ PhP __________________ per cycle
______________________ PhP __________________ per cycle
PhP __________________ per cycle
9. Estimated fuel cost per cycle
______________________ PhP
PhP __________________ per cycle
10. Estimated electricity cost per cycle PhP
9. Estimated fuel cost per cycle PhP
11. Labor cost per cycle PhP
10. Estimated electricity cost per cycle PhP
12. Chemicals/ supplements cost per PhP
11.
cycle Labor cost per cycle PhP
12.
13. Chemicals/
Rental/Leasesupplements
cost per cyclecost per PhP PhP
cycle
14. Equipment & materials acquisition
13. Rental/Lease
cost. Please costper
specify cost per cycle
equipment. PhP
______________________
14. Equipment & materials acquisition PhP ________ Useful life _________
______________________
cost. Please specify cost per equipment. PhP ________ Useful life _________
______________________
______________________ PhP PhP ________
________ Useful life _________
Useful life _________
______________________
15. Other Costs PhP ________ Useful life _________
Laboratory analysis
______________________ PhP PhP ______________
________ Useful per cycle
life _________
Other supplies & materials PhP ______________ per cycle
15. Other Costs
Repair & maintenance
Laboratory analysis PhP ______________ per cycle
PhP ______________ per cycle
Permits & license PhP ______________ per cycle
Other supplies & materials PhP ______________ per cycle
Others (specify)_________________
Repair & maintenance
______________________________215 PhP PhP ______________
______________ per cycle
per cycle
Permits & license
______________________________ PhP ______________
PhP ______________ per cycle per cycle
Others (specify)_________________ PhP ______________ per cycle
16. Source of broodstock 215 Imported, what country
__________
Wild: if wild, what
province_______
PHILIPP I N E S H RIMP INDUSTRY ROADMAP 2022-2025 415
17. Frequency of spawning

______________________________ PhP ______________ per cycle
______________________________ PhP ______________ per cycle
______________________________ PhP ______________ per cycle
______________________________ PhP ______________ per cycle
______________________________ PhP ______________ per cycle
______________________________
16. Source of broodstock PhP ______________ per cycle
Imported, what country
PhP ______________ per cycle
______________________________ PhP ______________
__________ per cycle
16. Source of broodstock Imported, what country
______________________________
16. Source of broodstock PhP ______________
Wild: if wild,
Imported, what per cycle
what
country
__________
PhP ______________
Wild: if wild, whatper cycle
province_______
__________
16.
17. Source of broodstock
Frequency of spawning Imported, what
Wild: if wild,
province_______ country
what
17. Frequency of spawning __________
province_______
17.
18. Frequency of spawningof productive
Estimated Percentage Wild: if wild, what
____________%
broodstock
18. per cyclePercentage of productive
Estimated province_______
____________%
17.
18. Frequency
broodstock of spawningof productive
per cycle
Estimated
19. How manyPercentage
cycles per year ____________%
broodstock
19. permany
How cyclecycles per year
18.
19. Estimated
How manyPercentage of productive
cycles per year ____________%
broodstock per cycle
2.19.WhatHow many
are the cycles per
challenges oryear
constraints that affect your operations?
2. What are the challenges or constraints that affect your operations?
diseases
Diseases limited
limitedsupply
supplyofofquality
qualitybroodstock
broodstock
2. What areDiseases
the challenges or constraints that affectlimited your operations?
supply of quality broodstock
high
high cost
cost of electricity
ofofelectricity lack
lack of skilled technician
high cost electricity lackofofskilled
skilled technician
technician
lack of
Diseases linkage to growers high cost
limited offeeds
supply feeds &other
other
of quality inputs
broodstock
2. What are the challenges or constraints that affect your operations?&and
lack of
lack linkage
of linkageto growers
to growers high
high cost
cost of
of feeds other inputs
inputs
limited
high
limited access
cost of
access to
to financial
electricity
financial institutions
institutions
limited access to financial institutions lack of skilled technician
Diseases
Others,
lack
Others,
Others, specify:
of specify:
linkage
specify: to growers limited
high costsupply of quality
of feeds & otherbroodstock
inputs
high cost of electricity
______________________________________________________
limited access to financial institutions
______________________________________________________ lack of skilled technician
lack of linkage to growers high cost of feeds & other inputs
___________________________________________________________________
Others, specify:
___________________________________________________________________
_____ limited access to financial institutions
______________________________________________________
_____
How do
How Others,
you
do you specify:
3. 3.___________________________________________________________________
address
addressthosethoseconstraints
constraints and challenges?
challenges?
______________________________________________________
_____
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
3. ___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
_____
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
3. How do you address those constraints and challenges?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
____________________
___________________________________________________________________
____________________
4. How do government agencies address those constraints, if any?
4. ___________________________________________________________________
How do government agencies address those constraints, if any?
___________________________________________________________________
____________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
4. ___________________________________________________________________
How___________________________________________________________________
do government agencies address those constraints, if any?
___________________________________________________________________
__________
____________________
__________
___________________________________________________________________
4. How do government agencies address those constraints, if any?
___________________________________________________________________
B. Where do we want to go?
___________________________________________________________________
__________
1.___________________________________________________________________
Are you planning to expand your operation of PL production? Yes
No 1. Are you
__________
B. Where planning
do we want to go? to expand your operation of PL production? Yes
No If Yes, how many additional PLs in million can you produce per cycle?
B. 1. Are___________
Where Ifwe
you
do Yes, howto
planning
want many
to additional
expand
go? PLs in million
your operation of PLcan you produce per cycle?
production? Yes
No ___________
1. Are you planning
If Yes, how to expand
many additional 216in million
your operation
PLs of PLcan
production? Yes
you produce per cycle?
No ___________ 216
If Yes, how many additional PLs in million can you produce per cycle?
___________ 216

216
___________________________________________________________________
____________________
____________________
____________________
4. How
4. do
4.government
How How agencies
do government
do government address
agencies
agencies those constraints,
address
address those
those if any?if any?
constraints,
constraints, if any?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
__________
__________
__________
B. Where doWhere
B. B. we do
Where want
doto
we wego?
want
want to go?
to go?
1. Are1.you
1. planning
Are Are
youyou toplanning
expand
planning your
to operation
expand
to expand youryour of PL production?
operation
operation of PL ?
of production?
PL production?Yes
Yes YesYesNo
No No No
If Yes, Ifhow
If many
Yes,Yes, additional
howhow
manymany PLs in PLs
additional million
additional PLs can you
in million
in million canproduce
can
youyouper cycle?
produce
produce per per cycle?
cycle?
______________________
___________
216 216216
If No, state the reasons

________________________________________________
IfIf No,
No,state statethe thereasons
reasons
______________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
__
3. Please comment on proposed vision, mission and goals to be stated in the roadmap:
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
2. Please
3. What are
Please commentyour plans/
comment on strategies
onproposed
proposed to improve
vision,
vision, mission production?
mission and
and goals
goals to be
to be stated
stated in the
in the roadmap:
roadmap:
Proposed Comment or write your propose
___________________________________________________________________
Proposed
Proposed statement
Comment
Comment or or write
write your
your propose
propose
Vision_____ statement
statement
___________________________________________________________________
Sustainable
Vision
Vision and equitable shrimp
_____
industry recognized
Sustainable
Sustainable andinternationally
and equitable
equitableshrimp for its
shrimp
___________________________________________________________________
high-quality
industry shrimp produced
recognized
industry recognized internationally using
internationallya forforitsits
_____
sociallyhigh-quality
responsible
high-quality shrimp produced
producedusing
and environmentally
shrimp usinga a
sound___________________________________________________________________
production system.
sound
sound production
_____ productionsystem. system.
3. What government interventions or subsidies will you suggest to support the hatchery
Mission
Mission
sector
Development and shrimp industry asquality
of cost-competitive, a whole?
Mission
Development
driven,Development
supply reliable, of cost-competitive,
product-diversified quality
of cost-competitive, quality
___________________________________________________________________
driven,from
value chain supply reliable,
farming product-diversified
to shrimp
___________________________________________________________________
productsvalue chain from farming
manufacturing under totoshrimp
value chain from farming shrimp
___________________________________________________________________
products manufacturing under
___________________________________________________________________
Goal: sustainable practices
___________________________________________________________________
Goal:
Goal:
_________________________
The primary goal of the industry is to
4. What particular
The primary goalprojects or activities
of the industry is to for research institutions that you would like to
increaseThe the volumegoal
primary of shrimp
of the export is to
industry
increase
suggest tothe volume
support theof shrimp
hatchery export
sector and shrimp industry as a whole?
from 6,060MT
increase in
the2019
volumeto ___
from 6,060MT in 2019 to ___ in 2025. of in 2025.
shrimp To To
export
attain this
fromgoal,
attain this shrimp
6,060MT goal, in productionto ___should
2019production
shrimp in 2025.
shouldTo
be increased to 70,807MT from
be increased to 70,807MT from the should
attain this goal, shrimp the
production
currentcurrent
belevel oflevel
increased 64,132 metricmetric
ofto64,132
70,807MT tons.from
tons.the
current level of 64,132 metric tons.
C. HowC.do we do
How getwe
there?
get there?
1. As 1.
hatchery operator,
As hatchery what are
operator, whatyour
are targets for the
your targets fornext 5, 105,and
the next 20 years?
10 and 20 years?
1. As hatchery operator, what are your targets for the next 5, 10 and 20 years?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
__ __
______________________________________________________________________
__
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
increaseincrease the volume
the volume of shrimp
of shrimp export export
from 6,060MT in 2019 to
from 6,060MT in 2019 to ___ in 2025. ___ inTo
2025. To
attain
attain this thisshrimp
goal, goal, shrimp production
production should should
be increased to 70,807MT from the from the
current current
level oflevel of 64,132
64,132 metric tons.
metric tons.
C. HowC.doHow do we
we get get there?
there?
1. As hatchery
1. As hatchery operator,
operator, what
what are yourare your targets
targets for the
for the next 5, next 5, 10
10 and 20 and 20 years?
years?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
__ __
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
__ __
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
__
__ ______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
__ __
2. What are your
2. What are your plans/
plans/ strategies
strategies to
to improve
improve production?
production?
___________________________________________________________________
2. What 217 217
are your plans/ strategies to improve production?
___________________________________________________________________
_____
_____
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
_____
_____
_____
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
_____
_____
_____
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
_____
_____
_____
3. ___________________________________________________________________
3. What
What
_____
government
government interventions
interventions or
or subsidies
subsidies will
will you
you suggest
suggest toto support
support the
the hatchery
hatchery
3. sector and shrimp interventions
What government industry as a or
whole?
subsidies will you suggest to support the hatchery
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
_________________________
_________________________
4. ___________________________________________________________________
4. What
What particular
particular projects
projects or
_________________________ or activities
activities for
for research
institutions that
that you
you would
would like
like to
to
suggest to support the hatchery sector and shrimp industry as a whole?
4. suggest to support
What particular the hatchery
projects sector
or activities for and shrimp
research industry as
institutions a whole?
that you would like to
suggest to support the hatchery sector and shrimp industry as a whole?

PROCESSING SECTOR
PROCESSING SECTOR
PROCESSING SECTOR
Kindly provide the needed information.
Kindly provide the needed information. This This
datadata
will will be used
be used for shrimp
for shrimp commodity
commodity roadmap
roadmap
updating.
Kindly
updating. Rest assured
provide
Rest assured thatthe
the needed
that the information
information.
information gathered
This willshall
datashall
gathered remain
be used
remain forconfidential.
shrimp commodity roadmap
confidential.
A.
A. Where arewe?
Where are we?
A. Where are we?
1. Fill-out
Fill-outthethesecond
secondcolumn
column of the
of thetable below:
table below:
1. Fill-out the second column of the table below:
Questions StateState
your your
answer or tick or
thetick
boxthe box
Questions answer
1.
1. Raw material
Raw material species
species P. monodon
P. monodon P. vannamei
2.
Questions
Source of raw material
State your xanswer x or tick P. thevannamei
box
2.
1. Source
Raw of rawspecies
material material P. monodon x P. vannamei
3. Cost of raw material (shrimp) PhP _____________ per kg
3.
2. Cost of raw
Source material
of raw material (shrimp) PhP _____________ per kg
4. Labor cost PhP _____________ per kg
4.
3.
5.
Laborofcost
Cost
Energy
cost
raw(electricity,
material (shrimp)
fuel) PhPPhP _____________
_____________ per kgper kg
5.
4.
6. Energy cost
Labor cost
Logistics cost (electricity, fuel) PhP _____________ per kgper kg
PhP _____________
6.
5.
7. Logisticscost
Energy
Packaging cost(electricity, fuel) PhPPhP
cost _____________
_____________ per kgper kg
7.
6.
8. Packaging
Logistics
Repair cost
and cost
maintenance cost PhPPhP _____________
_____________ per kgper kg
8.
7.
9. Repair
Packaging
Other andspecify
Cost, maintenance cost
cost PhP _____________ per kg
9.
8. ______________________
Other Cost, specify
Repair and maintenance cost PhP _____________
PhP _____________per kgper kg
______________________
9. ______________________
Other Cost, specify PhP _____________
PhP _____________ per kgper kg
______________________
______________________ PhP _____________ per kg
PhP _____________ per kg
10. ______________________
Equipment Acquisition Cost. PhP _____________ per kg
(Please specify equipment)
10. ______________________
Equipment Acquisition Cost.
_______________________ PhP _____________ per kg
PhP ________ Useful life
10. Equipment Acquisition Cost.
_______________________ PhP_________ _________
_______________________
_______________________ PhPPhP ________ UsefulUseful
________ life life
_______________________ PhP_________
PhP ________ _________ _________
Useful life
_______________________ PhP ________ UsefulUseful
PhP_________ _________
life life
_______________________ PhP ________ _________ _________
Useful life
11. Product Form produced HON Useful
HLSON
_________ life
PUD _________
PD
Useful life
11. Product Form produced PDTO HON PTO HLSON
_________
11. Product Form produced Nobashi
PUD
HON PD
HLSON
Others,
PDTOspecify PTO
PUD PD
__________________________________
Nobashi
PDTO PTO
_
Others,
Nobashispecify
12. Market destination
__________________________________
Others, specify
Local
_ Please specify province/s:
__________________________________
_ ___________________________
12. Market destination Local
International
12. Market destination Please
Please specify
specify
Local province/s:
country/ies:
___________________________
___________________________
Please specify province/s:
219
13. Selling Price PhP ________ per kg
International or
___________________________
US$ ________ per kg
Please specify country/ies:
International
14. Average production per year _____________ kgs
219 Please specify country/ies:
219
limited supply of raw materials (Shrimp)

PHILIPPINE high
SHRIM operation
P IN D U S T R Y cost
ROADMAP 2022-2025 419
stringent standards of importing countries limited access to financing
lack of linkage to growers
___________________________
13. Selling Price PhP ________ per kg or
___________________________
US$ ________ per kg
13.
14. Selling
AveragePriceproduction per year PhP ________ per
_____________ kgskg or
US$ ________ per kg
14. Average production per year ___________________________
_____________ kgs
13. Selling Price PhP ________ per kg or
US$ ________ per kg
2. What limited
14. are the supply
Average of raw
or materials
production
challenges per year (Shrimp)
constraints that_____________ high
kgsoperation cost
affect your operations?
limited
lack supply of
of linkage toraw materials (Shrimp)
growers high operation cost
2. What arestringent
difficulty standards
in ofconstraints
importing countries
meetingorinternational
the challenges standards limited access to financing
that affect your operations?
lack of linkage
Others, specify:to growers
limited supply of rawinternational
difficulty in meeting materials (Shrimp)
standards
______________________________________________________ high operation cost
stringent standards
Others, specify: of importing countries
___________________________________________________________________ limited access to financing
_____lack of linkage to growers
______________________________________________________
difficulty in meeting
thoseinternational standards
3. ___________________________________________________________________
How do you address constraints and challenges?
_____ Others, specify:
___________________________________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
_____
3. ___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
____________________
4. ___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
How do government agencies address those constraints, if any
___________________________________________________________________
____________________
4. ___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
__________
____________________
___________________________________________________________________
__________
___________________________________________________________________
B. 1. ___________________________________________________________________
Are do
Where youwe planning
want to togo?
expand your operation? Yes No
__________
If Yes, what is your target additional production in kg per run? ___________
1. Are you
If No, planning
state to expand your operation?
the reasons Yes No
If Yes,
B. Where do wewhat is your
want target additional production in kg per run? ___________
to go?
____________________________________________________
1. Are you planning to expand your operation?
____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________ Yes No
If Yes, comment
2. Please what is your on target additional
proposed vision,production
mission and in goal
kg per
to run? ___________
be stated in the roadmap:
_____________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________
Proposed
Please comment on proposed vision, missionComment or be
and goal to write yourinpropose
stated the roadmap:
statement
Proposed
_____________________________________________________
Vision: Comment or write your propose
2. Please comment on proposed vision, missionstatement and goal to be stated in the roadmap:
Vision:
Sustainable and equitable shrimp
Sustainable and equitable shrimp statement
Vision:
industry recognized internationally220 for its
Sustainable and equitable shrimp 220

220

___________________________________________________________________
____________________
___________________________________________________________________
____________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
__________
___________________________________________________________________
__________
1. Are you planning to expand your operation? Yes No
If Yes, what is your target additional production
1. Are you planning to expand your operation? in kg per
Yes run? ___________
No
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
2. Please comment on proposed vision, mission and goal to be stated in the roadmap:
_____________________________________________________
Proposed statement or write your propose
Comment
Vision: statement
Vision:
industry recognized
Sustainable internationally
and equitable shrimp for its
220
high-quality shrimp produced using a
220
sound production system.
Mission:
Development of cost-competitive, quality

value chain from farming to shrimp
Goal:

increase the volume of shrimp export
from
6,060 MT in 2019 to ___ in 2025. To
attain this goal, shrimp production should
be increased to 70,807MT from the
1. As processor, what are your targets for the next 5, 10 and 20 years?
______________________________________________________________________
_
______________________________________________________________________
_
6,060 MT in 2019
6,060 MT into2019
___ in
to2025.
___ inTo
2025. To
be increased from thefrom the
1. As processor, what aretoyour
70,807MT
targets for the next 5, 10 and 20 years?
current current
level of level
64,132 metric tons.
of 64,132 metric tons.
______________________________________________________________________
C. HowC.
do we get there?
_ How do we get there?
1. As processor, what are

1. As processor, yourare
what targets for the next
your targets 5, 10
for the and
next 20 and
5, 10 years?
20 years?
______________________________________________________________________
_
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
_ _
______________________________________________________________________
_
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
_ _
______________________________________________________________________
_
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
_ _ are your plans/ strategies to improve production?
2. What
___________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
_ _____
_
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
2. _____
What
2. are yourare
What plans/
yourstrategies to improve
plans/ strategies production?
___________________________________________________________________
to improve production?
_____
_____
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
221
_____
_____ _____
_____
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
3. _____ _____
3. What
What government
interventions or
or subsidies
subsidies will
will you
you suggest
suggest to
to support
support the
the
processing sector and shrimp industry as a whole?
processing sector and shrimp industry as a whole?
221 221
State
State as
as many
many as
as you
you can:
can:
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
_________________________
_________________________
4.
4. What
What particular
particular projects
projects or
or activities
activities for
for research
institutions that
that you
you would
would like
like to
to
suggest to support the processing sector and shrimp industry as a
suggest to support the processing sector and shrimp industry as a whole?whole?
State
State as
as many
many as
as you
you can:
can:
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
_________________________
_________________________

TRADING/ MARKETING SECTOR
A. Where are we?
1. Fill-out the second column of the table below:
Questions State your answer or tick the box

● Raw material species P. monodon P.
vannamei
● Source of raw materials
● Cost of raw material (shrimp) PhP _____________ per kg
● Labor cost PhP _____________ per kg
● Energy cost (electricity, fuel) PhP _____________ per kg
● Logistics cost PhP _____________ per kg
● Packaging cost PhP _____________ per kg
● Repair and maintenance cost PhP _____________ per kg
● Other Cost, specify
______________________ PhP _____________ per kg
______________________ PhP _____________ per kg
______________________ PhP _____________ per kg
● Equipment & materials
acquisition cost. Please specify each
equipment and its cost.
______________________
______________________
_________
______________________
_________
_________
● Market destination Local

Please specify province/s:
__________________________
International
Please specify country/ies:
__________________________
● Selling Price PhP ________ per kg or
US$ ________ per kg
● Average volume sold per year _____________ kgs
223

5.
5. What are the challenges
limited
limited supply
supply of or constraints
of raw
raw materials that affect your operations?
materials (Shrimp)
(Shrimp) high operation cost
high operation cost
stringent
stringent standards
limited supplystandards
of raw of importing
ofmaterials countries
importing(Shrimp)
countries limited
limited
high access to
access
operation to financing
financing
cost
lack
lack of linkage
of
stringentlinkage togrowers/
to growers/processors
standards processors
of importing countries limited access to financing
5. What are the challenges
difficultly
difficulty inin meeting
meeting orinternational
constraints
internationalthat affect your operations?
standards
standards
lack of linkage to growers/ processors
Others,
Others,
difficulty specify:
specify:
in meeting
limited supply international
of raw standards
materials (Shrimp) high operation cost
______________________________________________________
Others, specify:
___________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
lack of linkage to growers/ processors
_____
___________________________________________________________________
difficulty in meeting international standards
_____Others, specify:
______________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
3. How
6. do you address those constraints and challenges?
_____
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
____________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
7. ____________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
____________________
__________
___________________________________________________________________
4. How
7. do government agencies address those constraints, if any
__________
___________________________________________________________________
1. ___________________________________________________________________
Are you planning to expand your operation? Yes No
__________
If Yes,
1. Are youwhat is your
planning target additional
to expand production in kgYes
your operation? per run? ___________
No
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
1. Are you planning to expand your operation? Yes No
______________________________________________________________
5. Please Ifcomment
No, state on
theproposed
reasons vision, mission and goal to be stated in the roadmap:
______________________________________________________________
________________________________________________
Proposed statement or write your propose
Comment
______________________________________________________________
Vision: statement
Vision:
Sustainable
Proposed and equitable shrimp Comment or write your propose
industry recognized
Sustainable internationally
and equitable shrimp for its statement
high-quality shrimp produced
industry recognized usingfor
internationally a its
Vision:
224
424 BUREAU
high-quality shrimp produced using224
OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC RESOURCES
a
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
____________________
___________________________________________________________________
____________________
__________
7. 7.
HowHow do government
do government agencies
agencies address
address those
those constraints,
constraints, if any
if any
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
Are__________
1. __________
you planning to expand your operation? Yes No
B. B. Where
Where doIfwedo
No,we
wantwant
statetothetoreasons
go? go?
________________________________________________
Are
1. 1.
AreAreyouyouplanning to expand
planning
to expand your
to expand
your operations?
your operation?
operation? YesYes
Yes No
No No
If Yes,
If Yes, whatwhat is your
is your target
target additional
additional production
production in per
in kg kg per run?
run? ___________
___________
______________________________________________________________
If No,
If No, state
state the the reasons
reasons
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
statement
5. 5. Please
Please
Vision: comment
comment on on proposed
proposed vision,
vision, mission
mission andand
goalgoal to stated
to be be stated in the
in the roadmap:
roadmap:
Proposed
Proposed Comment
Comment or write
or write youryour propose
propose
statement
statement
Vision:
Vision:
Sustainable
Sustainable andand equitable
equitable shrimp
shrimp
sound production system.
industry
industry recognized
recognized internationally
internationally for its
for its
224
high-quality
high-quality shrimp
shrimp produced
produced using
using a a
Mission:
Development of cost-competitive, quality

224224
value chain from farming to shrimp
Goal:

increase the volume of shrimp export
from
6,060 MT in 2019 to ___ in 2025. To
be increased to 70,807MT from the
1. As trader, what are your targets for the next 5, 10 and 20 years?
____________________________________________________________________
____
____________________________________________________________________
____
____________________________________________________________________
____
____________________________________________________________________
____
6,060
current
currentMT
level in
level
6,060 of
MT 2019
64,132 tometric
___
ofin64,132
2019 intons.
2025.
metric
to ___ To To
tons.
in 2025.
attain this goal,
attain shrimp
this goal, production
shrimp should
production should
be increased to 70,807MT from
be increased to 70,807MT from the the
C. C.
How docurrent
How do
we we level
getget
there?
current of 64,132
there?
level metric
of 64,132 tons.tons.
metric
1. As
1. Astrader,
trader,
whatwhat
areare
youryour
targets
targets
for for
thethe
nextnext
5, 10
5, and
10 and20 years?
20 years?
C. How
C. How do we doget
we there?
get there?
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____
____
1. ____________________________________________________________________
As1. trader, whatwhat
are your targets
are your for the
targets for next 5, 105,and
____________________________________________________________________
As trader, the next 20 years?
10 and 20 years?
____
____ ____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____
____
____ ____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____
____
____ ____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
________
2. 2.____________________________________________________________________
WhatWhatareare
youryour
plans/
plans/
strategies
strategies
to improve
production?
____________________________________________________________________
________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
_____
2. _____
2. WhatWhat
are your plans/
are your strategies
plans/ to improve
strategies production?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
_____ ___________________________________________________________________
_____
3. ___________________________________________________________________
What government interventions or subsidies will you suggest to support the
___________________________________________________________________
_____
3.
_____ What government interventions
sector andorshrimp
subsidies will you
as asuggest
___________________________________________________________________
_____ trading/marketing industry whole? to support the
___________________________________________________________________
3.
3. What
What
_____ trading/marketing sector and shrimp industry as a whole?totosupport
government
interventions or
orsubsidies
subsidies will
will
___________________________________________________________________ you
you
___________________________________________________________________ suggest
suggest supportthe
the
_____
State as many as
trading/marketingsector
trading/marketing you can:
sectorand andshrimp
shrimpindustry
industryas asaawhole?
___________________________________________________________________ whole?
__________ ___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
_____
State
State_____
as
asmany
manyas asyouyoucan:
can:
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
225225
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
_____ _____
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
225 225
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
_________________________
4. ___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
_________________________
What particular projects or activities for research institutions that you would like to
_________________________
_________________________
4. suggest
What particular projects
to support or activities for research
the trading/marketing sector andinstitutions that youas
shrimp industry would like to
a whole?
4.4. What
Whatparticular
suggest particular projects
projects
to support or
oractivities
activitiesfor
the trading/marketing forresearch
sector andinstitutions
shrimp that
thatyou
youwould
industry would
as like
liketoto
a whole?
State
suggest
suggestas to
many as you
tosupport
support thecan:
the trading/marketing
trading/marketingsector sectorand
andshrimp
shrimpindustry
industryas
asaawhole?
whole?
___________________________________________________
State
State as
asmany
manyas asyouyoucan:
can:
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
_________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
5. _________________________
What are your challenges in transporting your goods?
5. _________________________
_________________________
What are your challenges in transporting your goods?
___________________________________________________________________
5.5. What
Whatare areyour
yourchallenges
challengesinintransporting
transportingyouryourgoods?
goods?
___________________________________________________________________
_____
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
_____
___________________________________________________________________
_____
_____
___________________________________________________________________
_____
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
_____
___________________________________________________________________
_____
_____
___________________________________________________________________
_____
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
_____
___________________________________________________________________
_____
_____
___________________________________________________________________
_____
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
_____
_____
_____

Philippine Shrimp Industry Roadmap 2021 2040

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

You might also like

Philippine Shrimp Industry Roadmap 2021 2040

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Philippine Shrimp Industry Roadmap 2021 2040

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

PHILIPPINE

Copyright 2022. All rights reserved.

No part of this publication may be reproduced, distributed, or transmitted in any

Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources

Cover & Book Design:

Alphabet Communications Graphics & Print

Import Provision Experts

Mr. Ryan Alegre, DOBE

Production Segment Experts

Ms. Karen May Espiritu, Dataj Aquafarm

Ms. Imelda Madarang, Fisherfarms Inc.

Trading / Final Sale Segment Expert

Ms. Lourdes Tanco, Mida Trade

Enabling Environment Expert

Dr. Adelaida Calpe, DOST - PCAARRD

Special Order No.: 654. Series of 2021

INDUSTRY CLUSTER GOVERNANCE NETWORK 179

Table 2. Summary of Diagnostic Capabilities of Regional and 33

Table 3. Distribution of P. vannamei Farms by Region and Province, 36

Table 4. Distribution of P. monodon Farms by Region and Province, 39

Table 5. Number and Sizes of Registered and Accredited Shrimp 41

Table 6. Shrimp Exporters, 2020 45

Table 7. Integrated Value Chain Players in the Shrimp Industry, 2020 47

Table 8. Shrimps and Shrimp Product Forms and Description 50

Table 9. World Shrimp Production (P. monodon and P. vannamei) 52

Table 10. Philippine Shrimp Production Volume in MT, 2015 - 2020 53

Table 11. Philippine Shrimp Production Value in Billion Php, 54

Table 12. Cumulative Area (hectares) of Registered and Accredited 64

Table 13. Cumulative Area (hectares) of Registered and Accredited 65

Table 15. BFAR - NSPP 2020 Local Production Estimate for 69

Table 16. BFAR - NSPP 2020 Local Production Estimate for 70

Table 17. Triangulation of P. vannamei and P. monodon 71

Table 18. Local Demand for Shrimp, 2015 - 2020 72

Table 19. Projected Annual Demand for Shrimp and Prawn, 73

Table 20. Projected Annual Supply for Shrimp (2021 - 2025) 73

Table 21. Shrimp Product Forms for Export, 2019 74

Table 22. Import Data of Shrimp in the Philippines in Volume and 77

Table 23. P. monodon’s and P. vannamei’s Annual Prevailing Price, 82

Table 24. Shrimp Industry SWOT Analysis, by VC Segment 93

Table 25. Cross-cutting Concerns Affecting the Philippine Shrimp 98

Table 26. Cost Distribution for the Shrimp VC by Segment 100

Table 31. Summary of Competitive Advantages in Shrimp 106

Table 32. Price Competitiveness of Frozen Shrimp in the 107

Table 34. Philippine Exports of Fresh-chilled Shrimps, Volume and 113

Table 35: Priority Ranking of Constraints/Opportunities Affecting 115

Table 38. Priority Policies, Strategies, Programs (PSPs), Short-term 148

Table 39. Summary of Investment Requirement Short to Long Term 177

Table 40. Institutions Involved in the Philippines Shrimp Industry 180

Figure 2. The Philippine Shrimp Industry Structure, 2020 19

Figure 3. Ten-Year Trend of Shrimp Broodstocks Importation 22

Figure 4. BFAR Registered and Accredited P. vannamei Hatcheries, 24

Figure 5. BFAR Registered and Accredited P. monodon Hatcheries, 24

Figure 6. Location of Local Shrimp Feed Manufacturers and 27

Figure 7. Philippine Prawn Feeds Import, 2019 28

Figure 8. Mapping of P. vannamei Farms in the Philippines, 2020 38

Figure 9. Mapping of P. monodon Farms in the Philippines, 2020 40

Figure 10. BFAR & EU-approved Shrimp Processing Plants, Number, 43

Figure 11. Shrimp Product Forms 50

Figure 12. Different Processed Shrimp Product Forms 51