CLINICAL MICROSCOPY

 THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN RENAL ARTERY AND

VEIN:
RENAL ARTERY – SUPPLIES BLOOD TO KIDNEY
RENAL VEIN – DRAIN BLOOD FROM ARTERY
ACE – LOCATES IN THE LUNGS AND GUT IN STOMACH??
ANGIOTENSIN 2 - IS MORE POTENT THAN 1

ADH ALSO KNOWN AS ARGININE VASSOPRESIN (AGV)

FORMALIN - USED FOR ADDIS COUNT

PHYSICAL EXAMINATION OF
URINE
MNEMONICS FOR PATHOLOGIC CAUSES: Na ALaLa mo
Ba RaW? Y?
Na – NONSQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL
A – ABNORMAL CRYSTALS
La – LYMPH FLUID
La - LIPIDS
mo
BA – BACTERIA
Ra - RBC
W – WBC
Y? – YEAST
 ASCORBIC ACID OR VITAMIN C

REMEMBER ME: PRO3RIEN

 UROMODULIN A.K.A UROMUCOID

NOT A URINE – 1.001

WATER – 1.000
*LESCH-NYHAN SYNDROME CAN BE SEEN IN DIAPER
ORANGE SAND THAT LACKS ENZYME THAT CAN
METABOLIZZE URIC ACID. BASTA TAAS DAW NA
ENZYME 
*TRIPLE PHOSPHATE/ AMMONIUM MAGNESIUM
PHOSPHATE IS A.K.A STRUVITE
TRAUMATIC TAP – BLOOD IS THICKER IN 1ST TUBE
HEMORRHAGE – BLOOD IS EVENLY DISTRIBUTED IN
TUBE
 A. CREATORRHEA
B. DIARRHEA
C. STEATORRHEA
D. MELENA
3. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING CSF COLLECTION IS
INCORRECTLY PAIRED:
A. TUBE 1: CHEMISTRY ANALYSIS
B. TUBE 2: HISTOLOGY STUDIES
C. TUBE 3: HEMATOLOGY STUDIES
D. NOTA
4. MOST PREDOMINANT CELLS IN CSF IN
NEONATES.
A. NEUTROPHILS
B. LEUKOCYTES
C. BASOPHILS
D. MONOCYTES
5. CSF PROTEIN IS INCREASED IN THE FOLLOWING
CONDITIONS, EXCEPT:
A. MENINGITIS
B. MULTIPLE MYELOMA
C. MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS
D. HEMORRHAGE
6. IT IS THE MOST COMMON COLLECTION AREA
FOR LUMBAR PUNCTURE:
A. BETWEEN L2 AND L3 VERTEBRAE
B. BETWEEN L1 AND L2 VERTEBRAE
C. AOTA
D. NOTA
7. NORMAL CSF/SERUM ALBUMIN INDEX:
A. >9.0
B. <9.0
C. <0.9
D. >90
8. TOTAL VOLUME OF CSF PRODUCED IN ADULTS:
A. 110-120 ML/DAY
B. 100-130 ML/DAY
C. 140-170 ML/DAY
D. 80-100 ML/DAY
9. 20%-30% OF SEMEN IS COMPOSED OF:
A. SPERMATOZOA
B. PROSTATE FLUID
C. SALINE
D. SEMINAL FLUID
10. WHEN A PART OF THE LAST PORTION OF THE
PRACTICED QUESTIONS EJACULATE IS MISSING:
1. IT IS DEFINED AS LARGE AMOUNT OF FECAL A. INCREASED VOLUME AND PH,
BLOOD: DECREASED SPERM COUNT
A. EXCRETA B. INCREASED VOLUME, PH AND
B. DIARRHEA SPERM COUNT
C. STEATORRHEA – fecal fat C. DECREASED VOLUME, PH AND
D. MELENA SPERM COUNT
2. ABNORMAL EXCRETION OF MUSCLE FIBERS IN D. DECREASED VOLUME AND PH,
FECES: INCREASED SPERM COUNT
11. DILUENTS USED FOR SEMEN ANALYSIS, 19. WHERE DOES THE SPERMATOZOA
EXCEPT: MATURATION TAKES PLACE?
A. COLD TAP WATER A. SCROTUM
B. FORMALIN B. VAS DEFERENS
C. ALCOHOL C. PROSTATE
D. SALINE D. TESTES
12. SPERM MOTILITY GRADING – MODERATE 20. WHAT ENZYME IS UNIQUE TO PROSTATIC
LINEAR PROGRESSION: FLUID?
A. 4.0 A. FIBRINOGEN
B. 2.0 B. ACID PHOSPHATASE – SOMETIMES USED
C. 3.0 TO TEST RAPE CASES
D. 1.0 C. FRUCTOSE
13. NORMAL VALUE FOR SPERM D. CITRIC ACID
CONCENTRATION: 21. NEUTROPHIL THAT CONTAINS INGESTED
A. > 20 MILLION PER ML CELLULAR MATERIAL:
B. > 40 MILLION PER ML A. LE CELL
C. < 20 MILLION PER EJACULATE B. RAGOCYTES
D. > 20 MILLION PER EJACULATE C. REITER CELLS
14. WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF TESTING D. OCHRONOTIC SHARDS
CREATININE LEVELS ON AMNIOTIC FLUID? 22. PRSENCE OF LE CELLS IN SYNOVIAL FLUID,
A. DETECT OLIGOHYDRAMNIOS INDICATES:
B. DETECT POLYHYDRAMNIOS A. INFLAMMATION
C. DIFFERENTIATE AMNIOTIC FLUID FROM B. PHEUMATIC FEVER - RAGOCYTES
MATERNAL URINE C. PARASITIC INFECTION
D. EVALUATE LUNG MATURITY - D. LUPUS ERYTHEMATOUS
PHOSPHATIDYL 23. THE FOLLOWING ARE SEROUS FLUIDS
15. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS NOT A OBTAINED THROUGH PARACENTESIS, EXCEPT
FUNCTION OF AMNIOTIC FLUID? ONE:
A. ALLOWS MOVEMENT OF THE FETUS A. PERITONEAL FLUID
B. ALLOWS CARBON DIOXIDE AND OXYGEN B. SYNOVIAL FLUID - ARTHROCENTESIS
EXCHANGE C. PLEURAL FLUID
C. PROTECTS FETUS FROM EXTREME D. PERICARDIAL FLUID
TEMPERATURE CHANGES 24. WHICH PRESERVATIVE IS USED FOR CYTOLOGY
D. ACTS AS A PROTECTIVE CUSHION FOR STUDIES?
FETUS A. SACCOMANO FIXATIVE
16. CAUSES OF POLYHYDRAMNIOS, EXCEPT: B. FORMALIN
A. URINARY TRACT DEFORMITIES C. SODIUM FLUORIDE
B. DECREASED FETAL SWALLOWING D. NOTA
C. CONGENITAL INFECTIONS 25. IN A THREE GLASS SPECIMEN FOR TESTING
D. NEURAL TUBE DEFECTS PROSTATITIS, WHICH SAMPLE IS CHECKED FOR
17. MOST IMPORTANT SINGLE COMPONENT OF KIDNEY AND BLADDER INFECTION?
SPUTUM VISCOCITY: A. 3RD SPX
A. HYDROCHLORIC ACID B. 2ND SPX
B. SIALIC ACID C. 1ST SPX
C. AOTA D. NOTA
D. NOTA
18. WHAT IS CONSIDERED AS MORPHOLOGIC
HALLMARK FOR EOSINOPHIL-RELATED
DISEASE?
A. CURSCHMANN’S SPIRALIS
B. CHARCOAT LEYDEN CRYSTALS
C. CREOLA BODIES
D. ELASTIC FIBERS