Name and Surname Nkosinathi Mthiyane

Student number 22175706

Design 3A

CONDENSER

D
L AC=0.95
DISTILLATION

AA=0.05
COLUMN

FEED
F=93.19 kmol/h
AC=0.06846
AA=0.93154 V’

B
REBOILER
L’ AC=0.001
AA=0.999
 TOTAL BALANCE
Iteration 1
SYMBOL FORMULA REFERENCE UNITS Top
F Kmol/h 93.190
B Kmol/h 86.566
D Kmol/h 6.624
V Kmol/h 199.924
L GIVEN Kmol/h 193.300
L' Kmol/h 286.490
V' Kmol/h 199.924
R Kmol/h 29.180
R 8.314

Data for Distillation Tower

Iteration 1 Iteration 2
Descriptions units Top Bottom Top
Total flow rate into Tower Kmol/h 93.19 93.19 93.19
Composition of Feed Acetic acid % 6.846 6.846 6.846
Composition of Feed Acrylic acid % 93.154 93.154 93.154
Top product purity acetic acid mol% 95 95 95
Bottom product purity acrylic acid mol% 99.9 99.9 99.9
Number of Trays …....... 31 31 31
Feed tray location …....... 22 22 22
Reflux rate Kmol/h 193.3 193.3 193.3
Top product impurities acetic acid mol% 5 5 5
Bottom product impurities acrylic acid mol% 0.1 0.1 0.1
liquid Feed % 1 1 1

Table of properties Iteration 1 Iteration 2

Description units Top Bottom Top
Temperature °C 47 89 47
Average molar mass Kg/mol 60.6526 72.051988 60.6526
Pressure kPa 7 16 7
Vapour density kg/m3 0.159583308 0.38304285 0.159583308
Surface tension (ACTOP ),(AABOTTOM ) N/m 52.18051012 57.29644247 52.18051012
Average Surface tension N/m 0.052436307 0.057291327 0.052436307
Relative gas constant 8.314 8.314 8.314
Liquid density 1049 1051 1049
Sugden parachor 155.4 183.4 155.4
Molar mass 60.052 70.06 60.052

DESCRIPTION SYMBOL FORMULA REFERENCE UNITS

Tray Spacing Lt Sinott m
Flood factor F Sinott …..
FLV FLV Sinott …..
K1 K1 Sinott …...
Correction factor (K1) Sinott
Flooding Velocity Sinott m/s
Actual vapour velocity Sinott m/s
3
Maximum vapour flow rate Sinott m /s
Net area required Sinott m2
Cross-sectional area of column Sinott m2
Diameter of the Column Sinott m
Diameter of the Column Sinott m
Dc (According to standard size) Sinott m
Percentage difference Sinott ….
Final Diameter of column used Sinott m
Sinott
Liquid volumetric flowrate Sinott m3/s
Column area Sinott m2
Downcomer area Sinott m2
Net area Sinott m2
2
Active area Aa Sinott m
Hole area Ah Sinott m
Weir length Sinott
Lw/Dc Sinott
Lw Sinott m
dh Sinott mm
hw Sinott mm
td Sinott mm
Maximum liquid flowrate Sinott kg/s
Turndown Sinott %
Minimum liquid flowrate Sinott kg/s
MAX how Sinott mmliq
MIN how Sinott mmliq

At minimum rate
Description Symbol Formula References Units
hw+how sinott
K2 sinott …...
Minimum vapour velocity sinott m/s
Actual minimum vapour velocity sinott m/s

POSITIVE MEANS THERE IS NO WEEPING

PLATE PRESSURE DROP
Description Symbol Formula References Units
Maximum velocity through holes sinott m/s
Ah/Ap sinott
Ah/Ap*100 sinott
tD/dh sinott
Co sinott
hd sinott
Residual head sinott
 HEAD OF LIQUID ON TRAY
Description Symbol Formula References Units
hw+how
ht
90<ht<127 NOT ACCEPTABLE

DOWNCOMER LIQUID BACKUP

Symbol Formula References Units

hap hap Sinott
Area under downcomer Sinott
Am Am Sinott
hdc hdc Sinott
hb hb Sinott
hb hb Sinott
0,5(lt+hw) Sinott
hb<0,5(lt+hw) Sinott
POSITIVE VALUE ACCEPTABLE

Downcomer residual time

Acceptable or Not

Flooding factor F
Flooding factor percentage
Acceptable or Not

Entrainment ψ
entrainment < 0.1

ITERARATION 1
Parameters Symbol FORMULAS REFENCES TOP
Uperforated strip thickness Z assumed 50.000
Angle subtended by weir length fe 98.900
Mean length a 81.100
Area of unpeforated edge strip X 2.194
Mean length of culming zone AU 0.110
Area of calming zone Y 2.912
Total area of perforated AZ 0.291
Ratio hole area over Total area of perforated AP 2.046
Ratio of hole pitch over hole diameter Ah/AP 0.108
Hole pitch LP/dh 2.8
Area of one hole LP 1.96350E-05
Number of holes N 1.12176E+04
LANCE
Iteration 1 Iteration 2 Iteration 3
Bottom Top Bottom Top Bottom
93.190 93.190 93.190 93.190 93.190
86.566 86.566 86.566 86.566 86.566
6.624 6.624 6.624 6.624 6.624
199.924 199.924 199.924 199.924 199.924
193.300 193.300 193.300 193.300 193.300
286.490 286.490 286.490 286.490 286.490
199.924 199.924 199.924 199.924 199.924
29.180 29.180 29.180 29.180 29.180
8.314 8.314 8.314 8.314 8.314

Iteration 2 Iteration 3
Bottom Top Bottom
93.19 93.19 93.19
6.846 6.846 6.846
93.154 93.154 93.154
95 95 95
99.9 99.9 99.9
31 31 31
22 22 22
193.3 193.3 193.3
5 5 5
0.1 0.1 0.1
1 1 1

Iteration 2 Iteration 3
Bottom Top Bottom
89 47 89
72.051988 60.6526 72.051988
16 7 16
0.38304285 0.159583308 0.38304285
57.29644247 52.18051012 57.29644247
0.057291327 0.052436307 0.057291327
 8.314 8.314 8.314
1051 1049 1051
183.4 155.4 183.4
70.06 60.052 70.06

ITERATION 1 ITERATION 2 ITERATION 3

TOP BOTTOM TOP BOTTOM TOP BOTTOM
0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5
85 85 80 80 70 70
0.011925 0.018458 0.011925 0.018458 0.011925 0.018458
0.09 0.1 0.09 0.1 0.09 0.1
0.1091 0.1234 0.1091 0.1234 0.1091 0.1234
8.848 6.464 8.848 6.464 8.848 6.464
7.5204 5.4945 7.0781 5.1713 6.1933 4.5249
21.107 10.446 21.107 10.446 21.107 10.446
2.807 1.901 2.982 2.020 3.408 2.309
3.189 2.160 3.389 2.296 3.873 2.623
2.0151 1.6586 2.0772 1.7096 2.2206 1.8276
2015.14 1658.56 2077.16 1709.60 2220.57 1827.64
2050 1700 2050 1700 2500 1700
17.07317073 17.07317073 17.07317073 17.07317073 32 32
2.0500 2.0500 2.0500 2.0500 2.5000 1.7000
2050 2050 2050 2050 2500 1700
0.0031 0.0037 0.0031 0.0037 0.0031 0.0037
3.2201 3.2201 3.2201 3.2201 3.9270 2.6704
0.386 0.386 0.386 0.386 0.471 0.320
2.834 2.834 2.834 2.834 3.456 2.350
2.447 2.447 2.447 2.447 2.985 2.029
0.220 0.220 0.220 0.220 0.448 0.304
0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12
0.76 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.76
1.53150556 1.260502482 1.578639797 1.299296218 1.687636931 1.389006084
5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00
50.00 50.00 50.00 50.00 50.00 50.00
5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00
3.257 5.734 3.257 5.734 3.257 5.734
0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7
2.280 4.014 2.280 4.014 2.280 4.014
9.471 15.704 9.281 15.389 8.877 14.719
12.013 19.919 11.773 19.520 11.260 18.671

At minimum rate
Top Bottom Top Bottom Top Bottom
62.013 69.919 61.773 69.520 61.260 68.671
30.400 30.600 30.800 31.000 31.200 31.400
30.139 19.777 31.141 20.423 32.142 21.069
67.08007738 33.19939767 67.08007738 33.19939767 33.00339807 24.02074067

MEANS THERE IS NO WEEPING

LATE PRESSURE DROP
Top Bottom Top Bottom Top Bottom
95.83 47.43 95.83 47.43 47.15 34.32
0.090 0.090 0.090 0.090 0.150 0.150
9 9 9 9 15 15
1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000
0.840 0.840 0.840 0.840 0.840 0.840
100.975 59.254 100.975 59.254 24.442 31.019
11.91611058 11.89343482 11.91611058 11.89343482 11.91611058 11.89343482
AD OF LIQUID ON TRAY
Top Bottom Top Bottom Top Bottom
59.471 65.704 59.281 65.389 58.877 64.719
172.362 136.851 172.173 136.537 95.236 107.632
NOT NO NO NO YES YES

NCOMER LIQUID BACKUP

Iteration 1 Iteration 2 Iteration 3
Top Bottom Top Bottom Top Bottom
40.00 40.00 40.00 40.00 40.00 40.00
0.061 0.050 0.063 0.052 0.068 0.056
0.061 0.050 0.063 0.052 0.068 0.056
0.426 1.944 0.401 1.829 0.351 1.601
232.259 204.498 231.855 203.756 154.464 173.952
0.2323 0.2045 0.2319 0.2038 0.1545 0.1740
0.275 0.275 0.275 0.275 0.275 0.275
YES YES YES YES YES YES
ACCEPTABLE ACCEPTABLE ACCEPTABLE ACCEPTABLE ACCEPTABLE ACCEPTABLE

32.917 10.121 32.860 10.084 21.892 8.609

YES YES YES YES YES YES

7.449 3.686 7.449 3.686 6.108 4.445

0.84 0.57 0.84 0.57 0.69 0.69
ACCETABLE NOT ACCEPTABLE ACCETABLE NOT ACCETABLE ACCEPTABLE ACCEPTABLE

0.35 0.14 0.35 0.14 0.082 0.075

NO NO NO NO YES YES

ITERARATION 1 ITERATION 2 ITERATION 3

BOTTOM TOP BOTTOM TOP BOTTOM
50.000 50.000 50.000 50.000 50.000
98.900 98.900 98.900 98.900 98.900
81.100 81.100 81.100 81.100 81.100
2.194 2.194 2.194 2.831 1.699
0.110 0.110 0.110 0.142 0.085
2.912 2.912 2.912 3.567 2.403
0.291 0.291 0.291 0.357 0.240
2.046 2.046 2.046 2.486 1.704
0.108 0.108 0.108 0.180 0.179
2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8
1.96350E-05 1.96350E-05 1.96350E-05 1.96350E-05 1.96350E-05
1.12176E+04 1.12176E+04 1.12176E+04 2.28000E+04 1.55040E+04