10.

3
Science
Stage 5
Human Body
Part 1
10.2 Human Body Part 1
Outcomes
SC5- A student analyses
14LW interactions between
components and processes
within biological systems
A student explains how
biological understanding has
advanced through scientific
discoveries, technological
SC5-
developments and the needs
15LW
of society
SC5- A student produces a plan to
5WS investigate identified
questions, hypotheses or
problems, individually and
collaboratively
SC5- A student processes,
7WS analyses and evaluates data
from first-hand
investigations and
secondary sources to
develop evidence-based
arguments and conclusions
SC5- A student presents science
9WS ideas and evidence for a
particular purpose and to a
specific audience, using
appropriate scientific
language, conventions and
representations
Icons
Here is an explanation of the icons used in this unit.
Write a response or responses as part of an activity.
This week you will need in Lesson 2:
• Medical thermometer (available in chemists – see a picture on page 12)
• Jacket or heavy jumpers
LW1 Multicellular organisms rely on coordinated and interdependent
internal systems to respond to changes in their environment.
Students:
a. describe some examples of how multicellular organisms respond to
changes in their environment
b. describe how the coordinated function of internal systems in
multicellular organisms provides cells with requirements for life,
including gases, nutrients and water, and removes cell wastes
d. describe the role of, and interaction between, the coordination
systems in maintaining humans as functioning organisms
e. discuss, using examples, how the values and needs of contemporary
society can influence the focus of scientific research, eg the occurrence
of diseases affecting animals and plants, an epidemic or pandemic
disease in humans or lifestyle related non-infectious diseases in
humans
WS5.3 Students choose equipment or resources for an investigation
by:
a. identifying appropriate equipment and materials
b. identifying the appropriate units to be used in collecting data
c. selecting equipment to collect and record reliable data or
information, using digital technologies as appropriate, eg data loggers
WS7.1 Students process data and information by:
a. selecting and using a variety of methods to organise data and
information including diagrams, tables, models, spreadsheets and
databases
b. selecting and extracting information from tables, flow diagrams,
other texts, audiovisual resources and graphs, including histograms
and column, sector or line graphs
WS7.2 Students analyse data and information by:
a. analysing patterns and trends, including identifying inconsistencies
in data and information
b. describing relationships between variables
d. using knowledge of scientific concepts to draw conclusions that are
consistent with evidence
WS9 Students communicate by:
a. selecting and using in presentations, for different purposes and
contexts, appropriate text types including discussions, explanations,
expositions, procedures, recounts or reports
b. selecting and constructing an appropriate table, type of diagram,
table or graph (histogram or sector, column or line graph) to present
information and show relationships clearly and succinctly using digital
technologies as appropriate
e. presenting scientific ideas and information for a particular purpose,
including constructing evidence-based arguments and using
appropriate scientific language, conventions and representations for
specific audiences
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 10.2 Human Body Part 1

Glossary
Cells Basic unit of life.
Tissues Cells grouped together eg muscle cells grouped together make muscle
tissue in your thigh.
Organ Made up of different tissues eg the heart is an organ.
Multicellular A living thing made up of many cells.
Brain The main organ of the nervous system which controls all the systems
of the body.
Brain stem The base of the brain which controls involuntary actions such as
breathing and heartbeat.
Cerebellum A small crinkly part of the nervous system at the lower back of the
brain which controls involuntary actions such as balance and
coordination.
Cerebrum The largest part of the brain, it controls memory, speech and
voluntary actions, and receives information from sense receptors.
Endocrine glands Glands found in various places in the body which produce hormones
and release them directly into the blood.
Hormones Chemical messages which control important processes of a living thing
such as growth.
Negative feedback A system of control in the body in which the response acts as a
system stimulus to oppose the change caused by the original stimulus.
Neuron
The basic unit of the nervous system.
Reflex action
An automatic response to a stimulus without involving the brain.

Acknowledgements
Stannard P & Williamson K Science Now Book 3 Macmillan Education Australia Pty Ltd
Melbourne 1991.

Stannard P & Williamson K Science World 9 Macmillan Education Australia Pty Ltd
Melbourne 2003.

Public Domain images used

Pituitary gland picture from : http://www.hormone.org/questions-and-

answers/2010/pituitary-tumors

Kidneys and water balance

http://www.abpischools.org.uk/page/modules/homeostasis_kidneys/kidneys6.cfm?coSite
Navigation_allTopic=1

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10.2 Human Body Part 1

Lesson 1: Body systems

Cells and tissues

Organisms that are large enough to see without a

microscope are made up of many cells.

Your body is made of millions of cells.

In your body there are many types of cells. Each

type has its own shape and does its own job. All of
these jobs go together to keep the organisms
(living things) alive.

In your body there are:

• Nerve cells to carry messages

• Blood cells to carry oxygen
• Muscle cells to move
• Fat cells to store fat

and many more.

This is what stained blood cells

look like when magnified by a
microscope lens.

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10.2 Human Body Part 1

In an organism with many cells, cells of the same

type often are found together. They work together
to perform a function. A group of cells of the same
type is called a tissue.

Many muscle cells together make up muscle tissue

like the muscle tissue in the heart.

If you were to magnify this section of muscle tissue in the heart

then the muscle cells would look like this.

Organs

Organs are made up of groups of tissues.

For example: The stomach is made of these

different tissues. These tissues together are needed
to make the stomach organ.

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10.2 Human Body Part 1 Organs of the body

Tissues of the stomach

Body systems

Examples of organs are the stomach, heart, lungs

and liver. Groups of organs working together are
called a system. We have different systems to
perform different jobs to keep us alive and healthy.

An example of a body system is the digestive

system. In the picture below the digestive system
is made of an organ called the liver which is made
up of tissues and cells.

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10.2 Human Body Part 1

Activity 1

Answer true or false to these questions

a) Humans are multicellular organisms _______

b) Our body has one thousand cells _______
c) The simplest part of our body are cells _______
d) Tissues are made of many different types of
cells grouped together _______
e) A nerve cell is the same as a muscle cell _______
f) Different types of tissues form an organ like
the stomach _______
g) Systems are organs working together _______
h) The stomach is made up of many tissues _______
i) The digestive system is an example of an
organ _______

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 10.2 Human Body Part 1

Activity 2

Can you recognise the main organs of the body?

Label the following diagram.

a)

c)
b)

d) e)

f) g)

h)

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10.2 Human Body Part 1

Activity 3

Put an ‘X’ in the correct box to show which system/s each

organ belongs to.

Organs Systems

reproductive
excretory
respiratory

circulatory

endocrine
digestive

nervous
Bladder X
Brain
Heart
Ovaries
Kidney
Spinal cord
Lungs
Small intestine

Mouth
Nerves
Thyroid gland

Arteries