PRINSIP PERTANIAN ORGANIK

Pendahuluan: Pengertian Pertanian Organik

History:

1920s and 1930s: Albert Howard promotes social and practical groundwork for the organic
gardening movement.

1940s: Lord Northbourne (agronomist from England) introduced the term ‘organic’, in
reference to farming, in his book ‘Look to the Land’

1970s: expansion of organic production and marketers, certifying agencies began to develop.

1980s: several privates and state-run certifying agencies were operating in the U.S.

1990: Orgnaic Foods Production Act of 1990 & establishment of National Organic Foods
Program (NOP) of the U.S. Department of Agriculture.

Definition by National Organic Program=listing of allowable practices in fertilization of

crops, control of pests, and use of adjuvants (material that affect the activity of other agents
but that have little effect when supplied alone).

Organic:

-something in or from a living organism. (biologically)

-“the study of carbon-containing compounds with exception of some compounds, such as

carbonates, which are considered to be inorganic compounds.” (chemistry)

-using natural materials from living or non-living matter.

Pengertian Organic Farming

Metode pertanian dengan menggunakan bahan-bahan alami baik dari makhluk hidup ataupun
tidak (Barker, 2010).

Pertanian bebas dari bahan kimia, termasuk pemberian pupuk, pengendalian hama dan
penyakit, hingga perlakuan pascapanen (Cybext, 2019).
Sistem pertanian yang melibatkan bahan-bahan alami dalam prosesnya serta terbebas dari
bahan-bahan kimia, agar aman bagi konsumen serta menjaga keseimbangan lingkungan
(Cybext, 2019).

Mengapa harus pertanian organik?: Latar Belakang

Pertanian industry: mengeksploitasi SDA secara membabi buta

Apa yang salah dengan pertanian konvensional?

swot analysis (@article{Ha2014EstablishingAT,

title={Establishing a Transformative Learning Framework for Promoting
Organic Farming in Northern Vietnam: A Case Study on Organic Tea
Production in Thai Nguyen Province},
author={Tuan Minh Ha},
journal={Asian Journal of Business and management},
year={2014},
volume={2}

1. Lingkungan
- Lokasi kebun harus terbebas dari kontaminasi bahan-bahan sintetik
- Lahan yang sudah terkontaminasi bahan sintetik (intensifikasi) perlu konversi
selama 2 tahun dengan pengelolaan berdasarkan prinsip organik jika ingin di
gunakan
2. Bahan Tanaman
- Varietas yang ditanam telah beradaptasi baik di daerah yang bersangkutan dan
tidak berdampak negatif terhadap lingkungan.
3. Pola Tanam
- Hendaknya berpijak pada prinsip-prinsip konservasi tanah dan air
- Berwawasan lingkungan menuju pertanian berkelanjutan
4. Pemupukan dan Zat Pengatur Tumbuh
Bahan organik sebagai pupuk adalah sebagai berikut:
– Berasal dari kebun atau luar kebun yang diusahakan secara organik
– Kotoran ternak, kompos sisa tanaman, pupuk hijau, jerami, mulsa lain, urin ternak,
sampak kota (kompos) dan lain-lain bahan organik asalkan tidak tercemar bahan
kimia sintetik atau zat-zat beracun.
– Pupuk buatan (mineral)
– Urea, ZA, SP36/TSP dan KCl, tidak boleh digunakan
– K2SO4 (Kalium Sulfat) boleh digunakan maksimal 40 kg/ha; kapur, kieserite,
dolomite, fosfat batuan boleh digunakan
– Semua zat pengatur tumbuh tidak boleh digunakan
5. Pengelolaan Organisme Pengganggu
– Semua pestisida buatan (kimia) tidak boleh digunakan, kecuali yang diizinkan dan
terdaftar pada IFOAM
– Pestisida hayati diperbolehkan

Strength:
- Premium prices
- Environmentally and agriculturally sustainable with respect to health, soil, environment and
wealth
- Safe environment preservation of biodiversity in the form of soil microorganisms, flora and
fauna and different beneficial insects
- Produces nutritive food and food security by enhancing the production and productivity of
the natural system
- Reduces risk of exposure to harmful pesticides
- The philosophy is aligned to traditional farming practiced of farmers, thus preserving the
traditional varieties/species and conserve local crops.
Weaknesses:
-Lack of regulated markets for organic products as well as registration and certification
process which the small and marginal farmers find it burdensome
- Lack of awareness of the benefit of organic farming
- weak government policy support regarding the financial help and reward to the farmers
- Lack of research and development of promotion
- Lack of strategy
-