ATP Star DPP Math 2

M AT H E MAT I C S
DPP DA IL Y PR AC TIC E PROB LEMS
RANK BOOSTING COURSE-2022

ES
T IN F
O R M A T IO NO. 01
QUADRATIC EQUATION
SINGLE CORRECT :
1. The roots of the equation f (x) = a (x  b) (x  c) + b (x  c) (x  a) + c (x  a) (x  b) = 0
(a, b, c are distinct and real ) are always :
(A) positive (B) negative (C) real (D) unreal
2. If the difference of the roots of the equation, x2 + ax + b = 0 is equal to the difference of the roots
of the equation x2 + bx + a = 0 (a  b) then
(A) a + b = 4 (B) a + b =  4 (C) a  b = 4 (D) a  b =  4
3. The roots of (x  1) (x  3) + K (x  2) (x  4) = 0, K > 0 are :

(A) real (B) real and equal
(C) imaginary (D) one real and one imaginary
4. The sum of all the value of m for which the roots x1 and x2 of the quadratic equation
x2 – 2mx + m = 0 satisfy the condition x13  x 32  x12  x 22 , is
3 9 5
(A) (B) 1 (C) (D)
4 4 4
5. If tan  and tan  are the roots of the equation, x2 + px + q = 0, then the value of
sin2 ( + ) + p sin ( + ) . cos ( + ) + q cos2 ( + ) is equal to :
(A) p (B) pq (C) q (D) p/q
6. If  and  are the roots of the equation (log2x)2 + 4(log2x) – 1 = 0 then the value of log + log
equals
(A) 18 (B) – 16 (C) 14 (D) – 18
7. The equation whose roots are sec2  and cosec2  can be

(A) 2x2  x  1 = 0 (B) x2  3x + 3 = 0 (C) x2  9x + 9 = 0 (D) x2  2x + 3 = 0
8. Let  are the roots of the cubic equation a0x3 +3a1x2 + 3a2x + a3 = 0 (a0 0).
Then the value of ( – )2 + ( – )2 + ( – )2 equals
18(a 22  a 0 a1 ) 18(a 22  a 0a1 ) 18(a 02  a1a 2 ) 18(a12  a 0a 2 )

(A) (B) (C) (D)
a 02 a 02 a 02 a 02
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9. If the roots of the quadratic equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 are imaginary then for all values of a, b, c
and x R , the expression a2x2 + abx + ac is
(A) positive (B) non - negative
(C) negative (D) may be positive , zero or negative
10. If  be the roots of x2 + px – q = 0 and  be the roots of x2 + px + r = 0 then

( – ) ( – ) – ( – ) ( – ) equals
1
(A) 0 (B) 2(q + r) (C) (q  r) (D) (q – r)
2
11. The number of integers 'n' such that the equation nx2 + (n + 1)x + (n + 2) = 0 has rational roots
only, is
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4
12. If r, s, t and u are the solutions of the equation x4 – sx + 3 = 0, then the equation whose solutions
r s t r su r  t u stu
are 2
, 2
, 2
and , is
u t s r2
(A) 3x4 – sx3 – 1 = 0 (B) 3x4 – sx3 + 1 = 0
(C) 3x4 + sx3 – 1 = 0 (D) 3x4 + sx3 + 1 = 0
13. If , ,  are the roots of the cubic x3 – 3x2 + 2x + k = 0 (k  R) satisfying the relation
( + 2)( + 2)( + 2) = 8 then the value of 'k' equals
(A) 16 (B) 12 (C) 10 (D) 8
14. If a and b are positive real numbers and each of the equations x2 + 3ax + b = 0 and
x2 + bx + 3a = 0 has real roots, then the smallest value of (a + b) is
16 14
(A) (B) 6 (C) (D) 4
3 3
15. If , ,  are the roots of cubic 2012 x3 – x + 1 = 0, then (–2 + –2 + –2) is equal to
1
(A) 0 (B) (C) 1 (D) – 1
2012
16. If the quadratic equations 3x2 + ax + 1 = 0 and 2x2 + bx + 1 = 0 have a common root, then the
value of the expression 5ab  2a2  3b2 is
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C)  1 (D) 2
17. If r, s are non zero roots of a0 + a1x + a2x2 = 0 (a0, a1, a2  R and a2  0), then the equality
 x  x 
a0 + a1x + a2x2 = a0 1   1   holds
 r  s 
(A) for all values of x, a0  0 (B) only when x = 0
(C) only when x = r or x = s (D) only when x = r or x = s, a0  0
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18. The value of (b + c) for which the equations x2 + 2cx + b = 0 and x2 + 2bx + c = 0 (b  c)
have one root in common is
1 1 1 1
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2 2 4 4
19. Let a, b and c be three distinct real roots of the cubic x3 + 2x2 – 4x – 4 = 0.
1 1 1
If the equation x3 + qx2 + rx + s = 0 has roots , and , then the value of (q + r + s) is equal
a b c
to
3 1 1 1
(A) (B) (C) (D)
4 2 4 6
20. If the roots of the quadratic equation x2 + 6x + b = 0 are real and distinct and they differ by
atmost4 then the range of values of b is
(A) [ 3, 5] (B) [5, 9) (C) [6, 10] (D) [5, )
a 2  b2  c2
21. If a, b, c are the sides of a triangle then the expression lies in the interval
ab  bc  ca
(A) (1, 2) (B) [1, 2] (C) [1, 2) (D) (1, 2]
22. If min. (2x 2 – ax + 2) > max. (b – 1 + 2x – x 2 ) then roots of the equation

2x2 + ax + (2 – b) = 0, are
(A) positive and distinct (B) negative and distinct
(C) opposite in sign (D) imaginary
23. The graph of a quadratic polynomial y = ax2 + bx + c is as shown in the adjacent figure. Which
of the following quantities is(are) positive?
y
O x
(A) b – c (B) bc (C) c – a (D) ab2
x 2  2x  7
24. If x is a real number such that < 6 then
2x  3
3
(A) x > 11 or x <  (B) x > 11 or x <  1
2
3 3
(C)  < x < 1 (D)  1 < x < 11 or x 
2 2
25. If exactly one root of the quadratic equation x2 – (a +1)x + 2a = 0 lies in the interval (0 ,3) then the
set of values 'a' is given by
(A) (   , 0)  (6 ,  ) b
(B)   , 0  ( 6 ,  )
b
(C)   , 0  6 ,  g (D) ( 0 , 6)
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1
26. If x1 and x2 are the roots of the equation x2 + px – = 0 , (p  R ) then the minimum value of
2p2
x14  x 42 is equal to
(A) 2 (B) 2 (2 – 2 ) (C) 2 + 2 (D) 2 + 2 2
x 2  2x  c
27. If x is real, then can take all real values if :
x 2  4x  3c
(A) 0 < c < 2 (B) 0 < c < 1 (C)  1 < c < 1 (D) none
28. If one solution of the equation x3 – 2x2 + ax + 10 = 0 is the additive inverse of another, then which
one of the following inequalities is true?
(A) – 40 < a < – 30 (B) – 30 < a < – 20 (C) – 20 < a < – 10 (D) – 10 < a < 0
x x 1
1 1
29. If the equation      + b = 0 has a positive solution, then the real number b lies in the
4  2
interval
(A) (– , 1) (B) (– , – 2) (C) (– 3, 1) (D) (–3, 0)
12
4x
30. Let P(x) = x 2   log10 ( 4. 9 ) , A   P(a i ) where a1, a2, ......., a12 are positive reals and
3 i 1
13
B   P(b j ) where b1, b2, ......., b13 are non-positive reals, then which one of the following is
j 1
always correct?
(A) A > 0, B > 0 (B) A > 0, B < 0 (C) A < 0, B > 0 (D) A < 0, B < 0
NUMERICAL VALUE :
31. Number of integral values of 'a' for which the quadratic equation,
2x2  (a3 + 8a  1) x + a2  4a = 0 possesses roots of opposite sign is,
32. If the equation x2 + 2( + 1)x +  + + 7 = 0 has only negative roots, then the least value of 
equals
33. A quadratic polynomial f (x) satisfies f (x)  0 for all real x. If f (1) = 0 and f (3) = 3 then the value
of f (5) is
34. Number of quadratic equations with real roots which remain unchanged even after squaring their
roots, is
35.  ,  are the roots of the equation K (x2 – x) + x + 5 = 0. If K1 & K2 are the two values of K
for which the roots ,  are connected by the relation (/) + (/) = 4/5. Find the value of
(K1/K2) + (K2/K1).
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3x 2 – 2(a  1) x  27
36. Find the largest integral value of 'a' for which the inequality > 0 is satisfied by
4x 2 – x  2
every x R.
37. If x2 + y2 = 4 and m & M are the minimum and maximum value of expression (1 – 2x2)2 + 4x2y2,
M 
then find the value of   2m  .
 7 
38. If exactly one root of quadratic equation x2 + (2a – 1)x + (a + 3) = 0 lie in the interval [0, 2] then find
the square of the least integral value of a.
39. If  and  are roots of quadratic equation x2 – 4x + 1 = 0 such that an = n + n,

an 1  an 1
then the find value of .
an
40. Let (x1, x2), (x2, x3) and (x3, x1) are respectively the roots of x2 – 2ax + 2 = 0, x2 – 2bx + 3 = 0
and x2 – 2cx + 6 = 0, where x1, x2, x3 > 0. Find the value of (a + b + c).
ANSWER KEY
1. (C) 2. (B) 3. (A) 4. (D) 5. (C) 6. (D) 7. (C)

8. (D) 9. (A) 10. (A) 11. (C) 12. (D) 13. (A) 14. (A)
15. (C) 16. (B) 17. (A) 18. (D) 19. (C) 20. (B) 21. (C)
22. (D) 23. (C) 24. (D) 25. (B) 26. (C) 27. (B) 28. (D)
29. (D) 30. (A) 31. 3 32. 6 33. 12 34. 3 35. 254
36. 0007 37. 5 38. 9 39. 4 40. 6
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SOLUTION
1. a(x2 –(b+c)x + bc) + b(x2 –(c+a)x + ac ) + c(x2 – (a+b)x + ab) = 0

(a + b + c)x2 – 2x(ab + bc + ca) + 3abc = 0
D = 4(ab + bc + ca )2 – 12abc (a + b + c)
= 4[a2b2 + b2c2 + c2a2 + 2abc(a + b + c) – 3abc(a + b + c) ]
= 4[a2b2 + b2c2 + c2a2 – abc(a + b + c) ]
= 2 [ (ab – bc)2 + (bc – ca)2 + (ca – ab)2 ] > 0 ]
3. check f(1) , f(2) , f(3) and f(4) and interpret

note that one root lie between 1 and 2 and the other between 3 and 4 ]
4. x1 + x2 = 2m ; x1 x2 = m
(x1 + x2)3 – 3x1x2(x1 + x2) = (x1 + x2)2 – 2x1x2
8m3 – 3m(2m) = 4m2 – 2m
10 5
8m3 – 10m2 + 2m = 0  m1 + m2 + m2 = = .
8 4
p
5. tan  + tan  = – p ; tan  tan  = q ; tan( + ) = ;
1 q
cos2( + ) [tan2( + ) + p sin( + ) + q ]
6. log2 + log2 = – 4; log2 · log2 = – 1
log 2  log 2  (log 2 ) 2  (log 2 ) 2

now log + log = + log  =
log 2  2 log 2  ·log 2 
= – [(log2 + log2)2 – 2 log2 · log2]
= – [16 + 2] = – 18. Ans.]
7. Note that sec2  + cosec2  = sec2  . cosec2   4 ]

3 2
8. We have a0x +3a1x + 3a 2x + a3 =0 

 3a1
 = a0
3a 2
 = a
0

Now, –––= 2) – 2  = 2      2 – 2 – 2 
2 2 2
  3a1   3a 2  18a1 18a 2 18(a1  a 0a 2 )
  
= 2 – 6  = 2    6   
  a  = a2 a0 a 02
 a0   0  0
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9. Given b2 – 4ac < 0 or b2 < 4ac
Now consider
D = a2b2 – 4a2 . ac = a2(b2 – 4ac) < 0
hence D < 0  a2x2 + abx + ac is +ve  (A) ]
10.  +  = – p ;  = – q
+=–p ;  = r
Now ( – ) ( – ) – ( – ) ( – )
(2 – ( + ) + ) – (2 – ( + ) + )
(2 + p + r) – (2 + p + r)
(2 – 2) + ( – )p
( – ) + ( +  + p) = zero  (A) ]
11. Roots rational  D must be perfect square and D > 0

D = (n+1)2 –4n(n+2)
D = –3n2– 6n + 1 = 0  3n2 + 6n – 1 = 0 or D = 4 – 3(n + 1)2 (now interpret)
6  36  12 3  2 3 2 3 2 3
 = = = 1  or  1 
6 6 3 3
Hence possible integral values are –2 , –1 , 0 and all of them make D a perfect square. ]
r
s
12. Given x4
– sx + 3 = 0 ;r+s+t+u=0
t
u
r s t u u 1 1
 = 2 = ; |||ly  = etc.
u u t
1 1 1 1
Hence we have to find a polynomial whose roots are , , and
r s t u
1
put x in the given equation
x
1 s
4
  3  0  3x4 + sx3 + 1 = 0 is the required equation. Ans.]
x x
13. x3 – 3x2 + 2x + k  (x – ) (x – ) (x – )
putting x = – 2, we get
– 8 – 12 – 4 + k = – (2 + ) (2 + ) (2 + ) = – 8
 – 24 + k = – 8  k = 16 Ans.]
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14. x2 + 3ax + b = 0 ; x2 + bx + 3a = 0
 9a2  4b  81a4  16b2 ........(1)
and b2  12a
 from (1), 81a4  16 · 12a
16 ·12 64
 a3  =
81 27
4 4
a ; b2  · 12
3 3
b4
4 16
Hence, a + b|min. = 4 + = . Ans.]
3 3
3
15. We have 2012 x – x + 1 = 0
  
1 1
  +  +  = 0,  +  +  = ,  = .
2012 2012
2
 1 1 1   1 1 1  1 1 1 
 
Now,   2  2   2  =         2    
        
2
         
=    2   = (1)2 – 0 = 1. Ans.]
     
16. 6x2 + 2ax + 2 = 0 and 6x2 + 3bx + 3 = 0

1
subtracting x (2a – 3b) – 1 = 0  x  (put in any equation)
2a  3b
1 b
 2 2
 1 0
(2a  3b) 2a  3b
2 + b (2a – 3b) + (2a – 3b)2 = 0
4a2 + 5b2 – 12ab + 2ab – 3b2 + 2 = 0
–10ab + 6b2 + 4a2 + 1 = 0
 5ab –3b2 – 2a2 = 1  B ]
a1 a0
17. We have r + s = – a ; rs = a
2 2
Simplifying the R.H.S. of the equation, we have
 x  x   x x 1 2  r s 1 2
a0 1   1   = a 0 1    x  = a 0 1    x  x 
 r  s   r s rs    rs  rs 
 a1 a 
= a 0 1  x  2 x 2  = a + a x + a x2
 a0 a0 0
 1 2
Thus, the answer is (A) for all values of x, a0  0]

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18. We have
 2
x2 + 2cx + b = 0 and x + 2bx + c = 0

So, 2 + 2c + b = 0   .........(1)
and 2 + 2b + c = 0 ........(2)
(Subtracting)
–––––––––––––––––––––––––
2(c – b)  = (c – b)
1 1
As, bc so  = Now, putting  = in equation (1), we get
2 2
2
1 1 1 1
   2c   b  0  + c + b = 0. Hence, (b + c) = . Ans.]
2 2 4 4
19. We have
x3 + 2x2 – 4x – 4 = 0 has roots, a, b and c. .........(1)
1
On replacing x by in equation (1), we get
x
3 2 1 1 1 1 1
4x3 + 4x2 – 2x –1 = 0  x  x  x   0 , which has roots , and . ........(2)
2 4 a b c
 On comparing equation (2) with x3 + qx2 + rx + s = 0, we get
1 1
q = 1, r = ,s=
2 4
1
Hence (q + r + s) = Ans.]
4
20. |  –  |2  16
( + )2 – 4  16
36 – 4b < 16  20 < 4b  b > 5 ....(1)
Also roots are real  D > 0  36 – 4b > 0  b < 9 ....(2)
From (1) and (2) b  5,9 . ]g
21. In a triangle b + c > a  b+c–a>0
 a(b + c – a) > 0
|||ly b(c + a – b) > 0
and c(a + b – c) > 0
——————
a(b + c) + b(c + a) + c(a + b) > a2 + b2 + c2
2(ab + bc + ca) > a2 + b2 + c2
a 2  b2  c2
 <2 ....(1)
ab  bc  ca
also for any a, b, c  R
a2 + b2 + c2  ab + bc + ca
a 2  b2  c2
 1 ....(2) (equality holds if a = b = c)
ab  bc  ca
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 a2
from (1) and (2) 1 <2  (C) ]
 ab
22. Clearly, min.(2x2 – ax + 2) and max. (b – 1 + 2x – x2) will occur at the vertices of the parabolas
a2
y = 2x2 – ax + 2 and y = b – 1 + 2x – x2 respectively, so that min. (2x2 – ax + 2) = 2 – and
8
max. (b – 1 + 2x – x2) = b
a2
Hence, 2 – > b  16 – a2 > 8b  a2 + 8b – 16 < 0  a2 – 4 (4 – 2b) < 0.
8
Now, discriminant of 2x2 + ax + (2 – b) = 0, is a2 – 4 (4 – 2b), which is less than zero.
Hence, all roots of the equation 2x2 + ax + 2 – b = 0 are imaginary. Ans.]
b c
23. a < 0; – <0  b < 0; <0  c>0
a a
now b – c = (– ve) – (+ ve) must be negative
bc = (–) (+ve) must be negative
ab2 = (–) (+ve) must be negative
c – a = (+) – (– ) must be positive.
3
24.  1 < x < 11 x  .
2
25. f (0) . f (3) < 0 chek end points separately]
2
 2 1 
 
1
=  p  2   2 · 4
2
26. x14  x 42 = x12  x 22  2 x12 x 22 = [(x1 + x2)2 – 2x1x2]2 – 2 x12  x 22
 p  4p
2
1  2 1 
= p4 + 4 + 2 = p    2 2.
2p  2 p 2 

4
4
Hence x1  x 2 min
=2+ 2
1
Alternatively : f (p) = p4 + + 2 AM  GM
2p 4
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1
p4 
2p 4 1

2 2
1
2 + p4 +  2 +2
2p 4
28. If , ,  are the roots then  +  +  = 2; also  +  = 0 (where ,  are additive inverse)
  = 2 which must satisfy the given equation
 a=–5  (D) ]
2x x
1 1
29.    2 ·   b = 0
2 2
x
1
let   =y
2
hence, y2 + 2y + b = 0
 2  4  4b
 y= = 1  1  b
2
y=–1– 1 b or y=–1+ 1 b
 the equation must have a + ve solution hence – 1 – 1 b is not possible
here y=–1+ 1 b (note b < 1)

x
1
  = 1 b – 1
2
 1  b  1
– x log22 = log2
x = – log  1  b  1
2
for x to be positive log  1  b  1 < 0

2
hence 0 < 1 b – 1 < 1

1< 1 b < 2
1<1–b<4
0<–b<3
–3<b<0
also 1 – b > 0, b < 1 which is true, hence b  (–3, 0) ]
4x 4x 4
30. We have P(x) = x 2   log10 ( 4. 9 ) = x 2   log10 5 = x2 + x + (1  log10 2)
3 3 3
 
 As log10 5  log10  10   log10 10  log10 2  1  log10 2
 2 
 
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2 4x
P(x) = x   log10 (4. 9 )
3
x
Graph of P(x)
2
4 4 
Hence for P(x), a > 0 and D =   – 4(1) (1 – log 2) = 4   0 .7  < 0
3 9 
 P(x) > 0  x  R.
Hence A > 0 and B > 0 ]
Numerical value :
31. f(0) < 0  a2 – 4a < 0

 a  (0, 4).
Hence, number of integral value of a is 3.]
y y
f(x)
f(x)
32. x OR x
  O  O
Let f (x) = x2 + 2( + 1)x +  + + 7

If both roots of f (x) = 0 are negative, then
D = b2 – 4ac = 4( + 1)2 – 4( + + 7)  0   – 6  0
   [6, ) ....... (1)
Sum of roots = – 2( + 1) < 0
   (–1, ) ....... (2)
 
and product of roots =  +  + 7 > 0  R ....... (3)
 From (1), (2), (3) we get   [6, ) (As (1), (2), (3) must be satisfied simultaneously.)
Hence the least value of  = 6 Ans. ]
33. Let, f (x) = k(x – 1)2 (k > 0)

f (3) = 4k = 3  k = 3/4
 f (x) = 3/4(x – 1)2
f (5) = 12 Ans. ]
34.  = 2 2 ....(1)

and 2 + 2 =  +  ....(2)
Hence (1–) = 0   = 0 or  = 0 or  = 1
if  = 0 then from (2)  = 0 or  =1  roots are (0,0) or (0,1)
if  = 0 then  = 0 or  = 1
if =
1 2 1
then   2 =  
1
 
1 LM OP 2
2  
1
    N Q 
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hence t2 – t – 2 = 0  (t–2) (t+1) = 0  t = 2 or t = –1
if t = 2   = 1 and  = 1 , if t = –1 roots are imaginary ( or 2 )]
35. K(x2 – x) + x + 5 = 0; kx2 – x(k – 1) + 5 = 0
  4  2  2 4
     5(2 + 2) = 4
  5  5
5[( + )2 – 2] = 4
 (K  1) 2 2  5  4  5
5 2
  =  K2 + 1 – 2K –10K = 4K
 K K  K
K1
K2 – 16K + 1 = 0
K2
K1 K 2 (K1  K 2 ) 2
 = 2
K 2 K1 K1K 2
= 256 – 2
= 254 Ans.]
3x 2 – 2(a  1) x  27
36. 0  xR
4x 2 – x  2
3x2 – 2 (a+ 1) x + 27 > 0  xR
D  0  4 (a + 1) 2 – 4·3·27 < 0
 (a + 1)2 – 81 < 0
 (a + 1 – 9) (a + 1 + 9) < 0
 a  (–10, 8)
 largest integral value of a is 7 ]
37. E = (1 – 2x2)2 + 4x2y2

Put y2 = 4 – x2
E = 1 + 4x4 – 4x2 + 4x2 (4 – x2) = 1 + 12x2
Now, Emax = 49 at x = 2 and Emin = 1 at x = 0
 m = 1 and M = 49 .
M 
Hence,   2m  = 5. Ans.
 7 
Aliter: x2 + y2 = 4
Let x = 2 sin  , y = 2 cos 
E = (1 – 2x2)2 + 4x2y2
E = 25 – 24 cos 2
 m = 1 and M = 49. ]
38. f (x) = x2 + (2a – 1)x + (a + 3)

f (0) = (a + 3)
f (2) = 5(a + 1)
f (0) · f(2) < 0  a  (–3, –1)
Now, check when f (0) = 0 or f (2) = 0
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f (0) = 0  a = –3
when a = –3, the quadratic equation becomes
x2 – 7x = 0  x = 0 and x = 7
Hence, a = –3 is acceptable
when f (2) = 0  a = –1
the quadratic equation becomes x2 – 3x + 2 = 0  x = 1 or x = 2
Hence, a = –1 is not acceptable
 a  [–3, –1)]
39. Clearly,  +  = 4,   = 1
an 1  an 1  n  1  n  1   n  1  n  1
Now, = [As ,  = 1 (given)]
an  n  n
 n  1   n  1   n 1
  n  1  n

  n   
=  +  = 4. Ans.]
 
= n n =
  n
 n
x1 x2
40. Given, x2 – 2ax + 2 = 0 x2 ; x2 – 2bx + 3 = 0 x3 and x2 – 2cx + 16 =0
x3 x1
Clearly, x1x2 = 2, x2x3 = 3 and x3 x1 = 6
 (x1x2) (x2x3) (x3x1) = 36 or x1x2x3 = 6 (As, x1, x2, x3 are all positive.)
x1x 2 x 3 6
So, x1 = x 2x3 = 3 = 2
x1x 2 x 3 6
Similarly, x2 = x1x 3 = =1
6
x1x 2 x 3 6
and x3 = x1x 2 = =3
2
Also, we have 2a = x1 + x2 = 3 ; 2b = x2 + x3 = 4 and 2c = x3 + x1 = 5
Hence, 2 (a + b + c) = 12.
 (a + b + c) = 6. Ans.]
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MA TH EM ATI C S
DPP
DAILY PRACTICE P ROBLEMS

EST I NF
ORM AT IO NO. 02
SEQUENCE & SERIES
SINGLE CORRECT :
1. If a, b, c are in A.P., then b + c  a, c + a  b, a + b  c are in

(1) A.P. (2) G.P. (3) H.P. (4) Neither A.P nor GP nor HP
2. Number of terms common to the two sequences 17, 21, 25, ...., 417 and 16, 21, 26, ......, 466 is
(1) 19 (2) 20 (3) 21 (4) 22
3. For an increasing A.P. a1, a2, ...... an if a1 + a3 + a5 = – 12 : a1a3a5 = 80 then which of the following
does not hold?
(1) a1 = – 10 (2) a2 = – 1 (3) a3 = – 4 (4) a5 = 2
n 2b
4. If Sn = 2na + is the sum of first n terms of an A.P., then common difference is
4
ab a  2b 2a  b b
(1) (2) (3) (4)
2 2 2 2
a2 a3
5. The sum of n terms of the series log a + log + log 2 +.........is
b b
a
(1) n log  b  (2) n log (ab)
 
n2 a n n2 a n
(3) log  log(ab) (4) log – log(ab)
2 b 2 2 b 2
6. If the ratio of sum of n terms of two A.P.’s is (3n + 8) : (7n + 15), then the ratio of 12th terms is
(1) 16 : 7 (2) 7 : 16 (3) 7 : 12 (4) 12 : 5
100 100
7. Let an be the nth term of an A.P. If a

r 1
2r =  and a
r 1
2r 1 =  , then the common difference of the
A.P. is :
   
(1)  –  (2) (3)  –  (4)
100 200
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8. If Sn denotes the sum of n terms of an AP, then Sn+3 – 3Sn+2 + 3Sn+1 – Sn =
(1) 0 (2) 1 (3) 2 (4) 3/2
9. Let a1, a2, a3, ….. form an A.P. then a12 – a22 + a32 –a42 + ……+ a22n–1 – a22n =
n 2n n
(1) (a 2  a 22 n ) (2) (a 2 – a12 ) (3) (a 2  a 22 n ) (4) None of these
2n  1 1 n  1 2n n 1 1
10. In a potato race , 8 potatoes are placed 6 metres apart on a straight line, the first being 6 metres
from the basket which is also placed in the same line. A contestant starts from the basket and
puts one potato at a time into the basket. Find the total distance he must run in order to finish the
race.
(1) 420 (2) 210 (3) 432 (4) none
11. If b1, b2, b3 (bi > 0) are three successive terms of a G.P. with common ratio r, then value of r for
which the inequality b3 > 4b2 – 3b1 holds is given by
(1) r  3 (2) 1 < r < 2 (3) r > 3 (4) r(0,1)
12. Consider the ten numbers

ar, ar2, ar3, .......... ar10.
If their sum is 18 and the sum of their reciprocals is 6 then the product of these ten numbers, is
(1) 324 (2) 343 (3) 243 (4) 729
13. Let C be a circle with centre P0 and AB be a diameter of C. Suppose P1 is the mid point of the line
segment P0B, P2 is the mid point of the line segment P1B and so on. Let C1, C2, C3, ..... be circles
with diameters P0P1, P1P2, P2P3 ...... respectively. Suppose the circles C1, C2, C3, ...... are all
shaded. The ratio of the area of the unshaded portion of C to that of the original circle C is
(1) 8 : 9 (2) 9 : 10 (3) 10 : 11 (4) 11 : 12
14. Given am+n = A ; am–n = B as the terms of the G.P. a1 , a2 , a3 ,............. then for A  0 which of the
following holds?
(1) a m  AB (2) a n  2 n A n Bn
m 2  m  n  mn m 2 m  n  n 2
 A  mn A  mn
(3) a m  a1   (4) a n  a1  
 B B
15. Given  and  are the roots of the quadratic equation x2 – 4x + k = 0 (k  0). If , 2 + 2,
3 + 3 are in geometric progression then the value of 'k' equals
16 3
(1) 4 (2) (3) (4) 12
7 7
16. If (10)9 + 2(11)1 (10)8 + 3(11)2 (10)7 + . . . . . . . . + 10 (11)9 = k(10)9, then k is equal to
121 441
(1) 100 (2) 110 (3) (4)
10 100
1 1 1 1
17. The sum of the series     ........ terms, is
3 15 35 63
1 2 3 5
(1) (2) (3) (4)
2 3 4 6
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1 (1  x ) (1  x ) 2
18. For x > 0, the sum of the series    ....... is equal to
1 x (1  x ) 2 (1  x )3
1 1 3
(1) (2) (3) (4) 1
4 2 4
10 10
1
19. Let a n denotes the n th term of a G.P. given that S =  a n and T =  an
,
n 1 n 1
10
then the value of an is equal to
n 1
10 5 9 4
S S S S
(1)   (2)   (3)   (4)  
T T T T
20. If a, b, c are distinct positive real in H.P., then the value of the expression,
ba bc
+ is equal to
ba bc
(1) 1 (2) 2 (3) 3 (4) 4
21. If b is the arithmetic mean between a and x; b is the geometric mean between 'a' and y; 'b' is the
harmonic mean between a and z, (a, b, x, y, z > 0) then the value of xyz is
b 3 ( 2a  b ) b3 (2b  a )
(1) a3 (2) b3 (3) (4)
2b  a 2a  b
x y z
22. If x, y and z are positive real numbers, then the minimum value of   , is
y z x
(1) 1 (2) 2 (3) 3 (4) 4
23. 
The harmonic mean of the roots of the equation 5  2 x 2  4  5 x  8  2 5  0 is   
(1) 2 (2) 4 (3) 6 (4) 8
24. If tn denotes the nth term of the series

2 + 3 + 6 + 11 + 18 + .... then t50 is
(1) 2603 (2) 2601 (3) 2403 (4) 2401
n n m
25.  r2   r is equal to
r 1 m 1 r 1
n n n n
1 2
 1 2

(1) 0 (2) 2  r    r
 
(3) 2  r   r  (4) none of these
 r 1 r 1   r 1 r 1 
26. The sum of infinite terms of the G.P.

2 1 1 1
, , , ….. is
2 1 2 2 2
2
(1) 2 ( 2 + 1) (2) ( 2 +1)2 (3) 5 2 (4) 3 2 + 5
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
n
27. The value of  n4  4 is equal to
n 1
2 3 4 12
(1) (2) (3) (4)
8 8 8 8
28. Let A = 1–4 + 2–4 + 3–4 + 4–4 + ....... and B = 1–4 + 3–4 + 5–4 + 7–4 + ....... . The ratio A B in the
lowest form is _____.
16 15 15 13
(1) (2) (3) (4)
15 14 16 12
29. Let s1 , s2 , s3 ....... and t1 , t2 , t3 ....... are two arithmetic sequences such that s1 = t1  0; s2 = 2t2
10 15 s 2  s1
and  si = i
t . Then the value of t 2  t1 is
i 1 i 1
(1) 8/3 (2) 3/2 (3) 19/8 (4) 2
30. Let an, n  N is an A.P. with common difference 'd' and all whose terms are non-zero. If n
1 1 1
approaches infinity, then the sum   ......  will approach
a 1a 2 a 2 a 3 a n a n 1
1 2 1
(1) a d (2) a d (3) 2a d (4) a1d
1 1 1
NUMERICAL VALUE :
31. The largest term common to the sequences 1, 11, 21, 31, ........... to 100 terms and 31, 36, 41,
46, .... to 100 terms is
 1 1 1 
32. Find sum of 12  1.3.5  3.5.7  5.7.9  ..... 
 
65
33. The sum of first four terms of a geometric progression (G.P) is and the sum of their respective
12
65
reciprocals is . If the product of first theree terms of the G.P. is 1, and the third term is , then
18
2 is _______ .
2 2 2 2
 3  2  1  4 16
34. If the sum of the first ten terms of the series 1  +  2 5  +  3 5  + 42 +  4 5  +.........., is m, then m
 5       5
is equal to :
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35. Consider the pattern shown below
Row 1 1
Row 2 3 5
Row 3 7 9 11
Row 4 13 15 17 19 etc
The number at the end of row 80, is
10
36. The value of sum   2 r  1  8r  3  is equal to
r 1
37. Let a1, a2, a3 ........ be an arithmetic progression with common difference 2. Let Sn be the sum of
S3n
first n terms of the sequence. If does not depend on n then the sum of the first 10 terms
Sn
of the sequence is
38. The first term of an infinite G. P. is the value of x for which the expression log3 (3x  8) + x  2
 2005 
vanishes. If the common ratio of the G. P. is cos   then the sum of the G. P. is :
 3 
5 12 22 35
39. If the sum of the series S  1   2
 3
  ......... can be expressed in the form
11 (11) (11) (11) 4
of a rational number p q in the lowest form, then the value of (p + q) equals
40. Let Sk, k = 1, 2, 3, ....... denote the sum of infinite geometric series whose first term is (k2 – 1)
 Sk
1
and the common ratio is . Find the addition of the digits of sum
k
 2 k 1
.
k 1
ANSWER KEY
1. (1) 2. (2) 3. (2) 4. (4) 5. (3) 6. (2) 7. (2)
8. (1) 9. (1) 10. (3) 11. (3) 12. (3) 13. (4) 14. (1)
15. (2) 16. (1) 17. (1) 18. (2) 19. (2) 20. (2) 21. (4)
22. (3) 23. (2) 24. (3) 25. (3) 26. (1) 27. (2) 28. (1)
29. (3) 30. (1) 31. (521) 32. (1) 33. (3) 34. (101) 35. (6479)
36. (1433) 37. (100) 38. (4) 39. (2573) 40. (14)
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SOLUTION
1. Let b + c  a, c + a  b, a + b  c are in A.P.

 2(c + a– b) = (b + c – a) + (a + b – c)
 2c + 2a = 4b
 2b = a + c
 a, b, c are in A.P.
2. 417 = 17 + (n – 1)4  400 = 4(n – 1)  n = 101

|||ly 466 = 16 + (m – 1)5  450 = 5(m – 1)  m = 91
Let Tn is common to both for some n for which m is an integer.
17 + (n – 1)4 = 16 + (m – 1)5
1 + 4n – 4 = 5m – 5
5m = 4n + 2
hence n = 2, 7, 12, ........, 97  20 Ans.
3. a1 + a3 + a5 = – 12
a + a + 2d + a + 4d = – 12 (d > 0)
a + 2d = – 4 ....(1)
a1a3a5 = 80
a(a + 2d)(a + 4d) = 80
or a(4) (–4 – 2d + 4d) = 20 from (1)
or (–4 – 2d) (– 4 + 2d) = 20  d=±3
 A.P. is increasing d = + 3 ; a = – 10
a1 = – 10 ; a2 = – 7 
a3 = a + 2d = – 10 + 6 = – 4   B
a5 = a + 4d = – 10 + 8 = – 2

n 2b
4. We have, Sn = 2na +
4
b
Now Sn – 1 = 2(n – 1)a + (n – 1)2
4
b 2
 Sn – Sn – 1 = 2a + [n – (n – 1)2]
4
b
Tn = 2a + (2n – 1)
4
b
Tn – 1 = 2a + [2n – 3]
4
b b
 Common difference of A.P. = [(2n – 1) – (2n – 3)] = . Ans.
4 2
n 2b
Aliter: We have, Sn = 2na +
4
b
Now, S1 = T1 = 2a + and S2 = T1 + T2 = 4a + b
4
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 b 3b
 T2 = (4a + b) –  2a   = 2a +
 4 4
 3b   b b
Now, common difference = T2 – T1 =  2a     2a   = . Ans.
 4   4 2
a2 a3
5. S = log a + log + log 2 +.... n terms
b b
= log a + (2 log a – log b) + (3 log a – 2 log b) + ... n terms
Which is an A.P. with d = log a – log b
a
= log and A = log a
b
n a
 Sn = [2 log a + (n – 1) log ]
2 b
n2 a n
= log + [2 log a – log a + log b]
2 b 2
n2 a n
= log + log ab
2 b 2
6. Let the first term and common difference of first A.P. is a1 and d1 and of second A.P. is a2 and
d2
n
[2a1  (n  1) d1]
S1 2 3n  8
 S2
= n =
[2a2  (n  1)d2 ] 7n  15
2
 n  1
a1    d1
 2  3n  8
 n  1 =
a2    d2 7n  15
 2 
a1  11d1
Ratio of 12th terms = a  11d
2 2
n 1
So = 11, n = 23
2
3  23  8 77 7
So ratio of 12th terms = = =
7  23  15 176 16
7. Let A.P. be a, a + d, a + 2d, .......
a2 + a4 + ...... + a200 = 
100
 [2(a + d)+ (100 – 1)d] =  .... (i)
2
and a1 + a3 + a5 + ...... + a199 = 
100
 [2a + (100 – 1)d] =  .....(ii)
2
on solving (i) and (ii)
–
d=
100
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8. Sn+3 – Sn+2 = Tn+2
& Tn+2 – Tn+1 = d (difference )
9. Let ‘d’ be common difference of A.P.

( a 12  a 22 ) + ( a 32  a 24 )+ …….+ ( a 22 n 1  a 22 n )
= (a1 –a2) (a1 + a2) + (a3 – a4) (a3 + a4) +……+
(a2n–1 – a2n)
= –d(a1 + a2)+(–d) (a3 + a4) +..+ (–d) (a2n–1 +a2n)
= – d[a1 + a2 + a3 + a4 +…..+a2n]
a 2 n  a 1  (2n  1) d
 2n  
= – d  2 1 2n   d  a 2n  a1
( a  a )
   2n  1
a a
1 2n 
=  2n  1  × n × (a1 + a2n)
 
n
= ( a 2  a 22 n )
2n  1 1
n 8
10. Here a = 2.6 , l = 2(6.8) = 96 ; S = (a  l ) = (12  96) = 432 metres
2 2
Alternatively : a = 12 ; d = 12, n = 8
S = 4[24 + 7 · 12] = 4 · 108 = 432 Ans.
11. b1, b2, b3 are in G.P.  b3 > 4b2 – 3b1  r2 > 4r – 3
 r2 – 4r + 3 > 0
 (r – 1) (r – 3) > 0 So 0 < r < 1 and r > 3
ar ( r10  1)
12. Given = 18 ....(1)
r 1
1 1 
1  10 
ar  r  1 (r10  1) r
Also 1 =6  · =6
1 ar11 r 1
r
1 ar(r10  1)
· = 6 ....(2)
a 2 r11 r 1
from (1) and (2)
1
2 11 · 18 = 6  a2r11 = 3
a r
now P = a10r55 = (a2r11)5 = 35 = 243 Ans.
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2
 r  d 2
13. area of circle C1 =   (area of circle = )
42 4
2
 r 
area of circle C2 =  
44
2
r 
area of circle C3 =   and so on
4 8
1
  r2 r2 r2  r2 4 r2
 shaded area =     ....... = · =
4  4 16 64  4 1 1 12
4
 r2
r2 
12 11
Hence ratio = 2 =
r 12
14. a1Rm+n–1 = A ....(1)
a1Rm–n–1 = B ....(2)
Dividing from (1) and (2) we get
Rm+n–1–m+n+1 = A/B
1/ 2 n
A
R=  
B
n  m 1 m  n 1
A A
a1 = m  n 1 = = A 2 n . B 2n
m  n 1
R
 A  2n
 
 B
now am = a1Rm–1
m 1
n  m 1 m  n 1
2  A  2n
n
= A   . B 2n
B
1/ 2 1/ 2
A . B  AB  (1) ]
15. Given  ; ( + ); 3 + 3 are in G.P.

 +  = 4;  = k ; 2 + 2 = ( + ) = 4k
3 + 3 = ( + )3 – 3( + )
= 64 – 3k(4) = 4(16 – 3k)
 k ; 4k ; 4(16 – 3k) are in G.P.
16k2 = 4k(16 – 3k)
4k(4k – 16 + 3k) = 0
16
k = 0; k =
7
16. Let s = (10)9 + 2(11)1 (10)8 + 3 (11)2(10)7 +......................+10(11)9
11

10 s = (11)1 (10)8 + 2(11)2 (10)7 + .................+9(11)9 + (11)10
substract
 11 
 1– 10  s = (10)9 + (11)1 (10)8 + (11)2 (10)7 + ................+(11)9 – (11)10
 
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  11 10 
109 1–   
10
1    
 s = 11 1)10
– (11)
10 1–
10
1 10
10
– 1110   10
 s =109 1)10
–1 –(11)
10 1010
1
 s =–1010 + 11
110 – 1110
10
s = 1011
given 1011 = k(10)9
k = 100
1 1 1 1
17. S=     ......
1 · 3 3 ·5 5 · 7 7 · 9
  1   1 1   1 1   1 1   1
=
2 1  3    3  5    5  7    7  9   .....  = 2 . Ans.
        
1  (1  x )
18. The above series in an infinite G.P., whose first term = and common ratio =
1 x (1  x )
1
1 x 1
 S = = . Ans.
1 x  2
1  
 1 x 
19. Let a1 = a
S = a + ar + ar2 + ...... + ar9
a (1  r10 )
S= .....(1)
1 r
1 1 1 1
T=   2  ....... 9
a ar ar ar
 1 
  1
1  ar10  1 (1  r10 ) · r
= =
a 1  a r10 (1  r )
  1 
r 
1 (1  r10 )
T= .....(2)
a r 9 (1  r )
10
Also, an = a · ar · ar2 ....... ar9
n 1
= a10 · r45 .....(3)
Now from (1) and (2)
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S a (1  r10 ) ar9 (1  r )
= ·
T 1 r (1  r10 )
S
 = a2 r9
T
5 10
S
   = a10 · r45 =
T
an Ans.
n 1
ba bc 2ac

20. E= + , b= (b2  ac)
ba bc a c
(b 2  bc  ab  ac)  (b 2  bc  ab  ac) 2(b 2  ac) 2(b 2  ac)

E= = 2 = 2
(b  a )(b  c) b  bc  ab  ac b  b(a  c)  ac
2(b 2  ac)
= = 2 Ans.
b 2  2ac  ac
21. 2b = x + a .....(1)
b2 = ay ....(2)
2az
b= ....(3)
az
b2 2 1 1 ab
x = 2b – a; y= and = +  z=
a b a z 2a  b
b2 ab b3 (2b  a )
 xyz = (2b – a) · = Ans.
a 2a  b 2a  b
x y z
22. Using A.M.  G.M. in , , , we get
y z x
x y z 1
   x y z  x y z
y z x   · ·  3  minimum value of   = 3. Ans.
y z x y z x
3  

23. 5  2 x  4  5 x  8  2
2
5  0 /\ 
2
H.M. of roots is
 
8 2 5 4 5
 = ; +  =
5 2 5 2
 H.M. of ,  =

2 2 4  5 
= 4 Ans.
4 5
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24. Let sn = 2 + 3 + 6 + 11 + 18 + .....+ tn ....(1)
sn = 2 + 3 + 6 + 11 + .... + tn ....(2)
by (1) - (2)
0 = 2 + [1+3+5+7+.... (n–1) terms – tn
n 1
tn = 2 + (2+(n–1)2)
2
 tn = 2 + (n–1)2
 tn = n2 – 2n+3
t50 = 2403
n n m
25.  r2   r
r 1 r 1 r 1
n
n(n  1)(2n  1) m(m  1)
=
6
–
m 1 2

n(n  1)(2n  1) n(n  1)(2n  1) n(n  1)
= – –
6 12 4
n(n  1)(2n  1) n(n  1)
= –
12 4
n n
1 2


= 2  r   r 
 r 1 r 1 
1/ 2
1 2 2
26. r= =
2 2 2
2 1
a 2 1
 S = = 2 2
1 r 1
2
2 1
2 1
= 2
2
2 2 2 2 2 1
= = . =4+3 2
2 1 2 1 2 1
2
= 2 (3 + 2 2 ) = 2 ( 2 +1)
n
27. Given, Tn = 4
n 4
  
n n n
So, Sn =  ( n 4  4n 2  4)  4 n 2 =  =  (n 2  2  2n ) (n 2  2  2n )
n 1 n 1 n 2
 2
 2  (2n ) 2 n 1
1  ( n 2  2  2n )  ( n 2  2  2n ) 1  1 1 
= 
4 n 1 (n 2  2  2n ) (n 2  2  2n )
=
4
  n 2  2n  2  n 2  2n  2 
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1  1
 T1 = 1  
4  5
1 1 1 
T2 =   
4  2 10 
1 1 1 
T3 =    ....
4  5 17 
and so on
————————
3
Sum = . Ans.
8
1 1 1 1 1 1
28. A= 4
 4
 4
 4
 4

1 2 3 4 5 64
1 1 1  1 1 1 1 
A=  4
 4  4  .... + 4  4  4  4  ....
1 3 5  2 1 2 3 
1
A=B+ A
16
15 A 16
A=B  = Ans.
16 B 15
29. Given s1 + s2 + s3 + ....... + s10 = t1 + t2 + t3 + ..... + t15

let 1st sequence is
a1, a1 + d1, a1 + 2d1, .........
and 2nd is a1 , a1 + d2 , a1 + 2d2, ....... (since s1 = t1)
given s2 = 2t2
 a1 + d1 = 2(a1 + d2)
 a1 = d1 – 2d2 ....(1)
s 2  s1 d1
we have to find t  t = d = ?
2 1 2
10 15
now [2a1 + 9d1] = [2a1 + 14d2]
2 2
this gives a1 = 9d1 – 21d2 ....(2)
d1 19
from (1) and (2) d2 = Ans.
8
1  a 2  a1 a 3  a 2 a a 
30.    ........  n 1 n 
d  a1a 2 a 2a 3 a n . a n 1 
11 1 1 1 1 1  11 1 
=      ........    =   
d  a1 a 2 a 2 a 3 a n a n 1  d  a1 a n 1 
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1  a n 1  a1  1  a1  nd  a  n 1
=   =   = a [a  nd ] =  a
d  (a1 )(a n 1 )  d  (a1 )(a n 1 )  1 1 
a1  1  d 
n 
1
 as n   then S = Ans.
a1d
NUMERICAL VALUE :
31. Common terms are 31, 41, 51, 61, ......

the largest termin the sequence 1,11,21,31,...... is 991
the largest term in the sequence 31,36,41,46,..... is 526
Hence the largest term common in both is 521
1 1 1
32. Sum = + + ….
1.3.5 3.5.7 5.7.9
1
tn = (2n  1)(2n  1)(2n  3) using partial fraction
1
Sn =  Sum = 1
12
33. Let number are a, ar, ar2, ar3
a
r 2
1  65 ........(1)
r 1 12
1 
 4
 1
1r   65
a 1 18
1
r
1  1 r3  65
  ..... (2)
ar 3  1  r  18
1  a 2r 3 
3
 2 2
and a3.r3 = 1
ar = 1
3
(ar)2.r =
2
3 2
r= ,a =
2 3
2 9
So, third term = ar2 = 
3 4
3
=
2
2 = 3
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2 2 2 2 2
 8   12   16   20   24 
34.  5    5    5    5    5   .....
         
82 122 162 202 4 2

= 2
 2
 2
 2
  ......
5 5 5 5 52
(4n  4)2
T =
52
n
10 10
1 2 16 2
S = 5 2  16(n  1) =
n 1
25  (n
n 1
 2n  1)
n
16  10  11 21 2  10  11  16 16
= 25  6

2
 10  =
 25
 505 
5
m
 m = 101
35. 1st term of the 80th row is the nth term of 1 + 3 + 7 + 13 + .....
n2 – n + 1
n = 80 802 – 80 + 1
80 · 79 + 1 = 6321 = 1st term of teh 80th row
number at the end of 80th = 6321 + 2 × 79 = 6321 + 158 = 6479. Ans.
10 10 10 10
210  1 8 (10) (10  1)
36.  2 r 1
 8r  3 =  2 r 1
 8  r  3 1 =
2 1

2
– 3 (10)
r 1 r 1 r 1 r 1
= 1024 – 1 + 440 – 30 = 1433. Ans.
37. a1, a2, a3 ........ with d = 2

3n
[2a1  (3n  1) 2] 3 [(a  1)  3n ]
S3n 2 1
= = (a  1)  n
Sn n 1
[2a1  (n  1) 2]
2
This is independent of n if a1 = 1
 Arithmetic progression is 1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + ........
S10 = 102 = 100. Ans.
32
38. log3 (3x  8) + x  2 = 0 ; log3 (3x  8) = 2 – x ; 3x –8= x
3
let 3x = t
t2 – 8t – 9 = 0
t = 9 , –1  3x = 9  x = 2
 2005    1
r = cos   = cos  668   = ;
 3   3 2
x 2 2
S=   4
1  r 1 1 / 2 1/ 2
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5 12 22 35
39. S  1  2
 3
  .........
11 (11) (11) (11) 4
S 1 5 12 22
      .........
11 11 (11) 2 (11)3 (11) 4
—————————————————
10S 4 7 10 13
 1  2
   .........
11 11 (11) (11) (11) 4
3

say 'X '
4 7 10 13
X  1     .........
11 (11) 2 (11)3 (11) 4
X 1 4 7 10
   2
 3
  .........
11 11 (11) (11) (11) 4
—————————————————
10X 3 1 1 1  3 1 3 11 13
 1  1   2
 3
 ......... = 1  · = 1 · =
11 11  11 (11) (11)  11 1  (1 11) 11 10 10
13 ·11 143
X= =
100 100
10S 143 1573 p
 =  S= =
11 100 1000 q
 p + q = 2573 Ans.
40. Clearly S1 = 0 (For k = 1)

k  1
Now, Sk = = k (k + 1) , for k  2.
1
1
k
 Sk 2 ·3 3 ·4 4 ·5 5 ·6
  2 k 1
= S =
21
 2  3  4  .......
2 2 2
.....(1)
k 1
S 2 ·3 3 ·4 4 ·5 5 ·6
 2  3  4  5  ....... .....(2)
2 2 2 2 2
(Subtracting) _______________________________
S 3 4 5 6
 3   2  3  4  ......
2 2 2 2 2
S 3 3 4 5
  2  3  4  ......
4 2 2 2 2
(Subtracting) _______________________________
1
S 1 1 1 2 1 2 7
 3  0  2  3  4  ....... = 3  2 = 3 + · =
4 2 2 2 1 4 1 2
1
2
Hence S = 14 Ans.
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MA TH EM ATI C S
DPP

EST I NF
ORM AT IO NO. 03
BINOMIAL THEOREM
SINGLE CORRECT :
4 3
 1  1
1. The term independent of x in the expansion of  x    x   is :
 x  x
(1)  3 (2) 0 (3) 1 (4) 3
8
 1 2 
2. If the 6th term in the expansion of the binomial  8 / 3  x log10 x  is 5600, then x equals to
x 
(1) 5 (2) 8 (3) 10 (4) 100
10
 cos  
3. The greatest value of the term independent of x in the expansion of  x sin    is
 x 
10
C5
(1) 10C (2) 25 (3) 25 · 10C (4)
5 5
25
9
 3 
4. If the 7th term in the binomial expansion of 3  3 lnx  , x > 0 is 729, then x is
 84 
equal to
e
(1) (2) e (3) 2e (4) e2
2
5. nC n + 3 nCr + 1 + nCr + 2 is equal to :

r  1 + 3 Cr
(1) n + 2Cr + 1 (2) n + 2Cr + 2 (3) n + 2C
r+3 (4) n + 3C
r+2
6. Coefficient of xn in the polynomial (x + nC0)(x + 3 · nC1)(x + 5 · nC2) ...............(x + (2n + 1) · nCn)

when n = 9 is
(1) 2560 (2) 5120 (3) 4096 (4) 5160
7. If the sum of the coefficients in the expansion of (2 + 3cx + c2x2)12 vanishes then c equals
(1) – 2 or – 1 (2) – 2 or 1 (3) – 1 or 2 (4) 1 or 2
8. In the expansion of (ax + b)2000, if the coefficients of x2 and x3 are equal then b = ka, where
k  N, then k is not divisible by
(1) 11 (2) 9 (3) 37 (4) 111
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9. W hat is the sum of the coefficients of the polynomial after expansion of
(25 – 60x + 22x2 + 18x3 – 6x8)2013?
(1) 1 (2) – 1 (3) 5262 (4) 0
6
 1 
10. In the expansion of  2x   , if the coefficient of x2 is k times the coefficient of x–2 then k
 2x 
equals
(1) 4 (2) 8 (3) 16 (4) 32
11. The value of (4 · nC1 + 4 · nC2 + 42 · nC3 + ...... + 4n – 1) is

(1) 0 (2) 5n + 1 (3) 5n (4) 5n  1
12. If C0, C1, ...... C2n be the binomial coefficients in (1 + x)2n, then the value of
C0 + 2 2C2 + 2 4C4 + ...... + 2 2nC2n is equal to :
22n  1 32n  1 32n  1
(1) (2) 32n + 1 (3) (4)
2 2 2
 n 
13. Let n be the smallest positive integer larger than 150 so that the number 151 is divisible by
 
 n 
150  but is not equal to it. The sum of the digits of n, is
 
(1) 5 (2) 8 (3) 9 (4) 11
14. Let Pm stands for mPm. Then the expression 1 · P1 + 2 · P2 + 3 · P3 + ..... + n · Pn =

(1) (n + 1) !  1 (2) (n + 1) ! + 1 (3) (n + 1) ! (4) none of these
19
(  2) k
15. Evaluate  as a simple fraction.
k 1 k!(19  k )!
2 1 2
(1) (2) (3) (4) 0
19! 19! 19!
16.
n
Let   represents the combination of n things taken k at a time.
k
100   99   98   97   4  3  2
The value of  98  +  97  +  96  +  95  + ...... +  2  +  1  +  0  equals
             
(1) 15050 (2) 101000 (3) 151500 (4) 166650
a100 m
17. Define ak = (k2 + 1)k! and bk = a1 + a2 + a3 + ...... + ak. Let = where m and n are
b100 n
relatively prime natural numbers. The value of (n – m) is equal to
(1) 99 (2) 100 (3) 101 (4) 102
18. If 31C5 – 30C4 – 29C4 – 28C4 – …… – nC4 = 1, (n  N, n  4), then n is equal to

(1) 4 (2) 5 (3) 15 (4) 25
19. (2n + 1) (2n + 3) (2n + 5) ....... (4n  1) is equal to

( 4 n) ! (4 n ) ! n ! (4 n ) ! n ! (4 n) ! n !
(1) n (2) n (3) (4)
2 . (2n) ! (2n) ! 2 . (2n) ! (2n) ! (2n) ! (2n) ! 2 n ! (2n) !
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n
 1 
20. In the binomial expansion of  x  4  , the first three coefficients form an arithmetic

 2· x 
progression, then sum of coefficients of all the terms is
5 6 7 8
3 3 3 3
(1)   (2)   (3)   (4)  
2 2 2 2
10 26
2 C r 
21. The value of  r · is equal to
r 1 
26
Cr 1 
(1) 900 (2) 1100 (3) 1300 (4) 1800
3
22. The value of  8 Cr 5 Cr1  4Cr  equals
r 0
(1) 210 (2) 220 (3) 120 (4) 110
n2
23. The sum  nC
k · nCk + 2 equals
k0
(1) 2nC (2) 2nC (3) 2nC (4) 2nC

n+2 n+1 n–1 n
n 1 n
Cr
24. The value of expression  nC n , is equal to
r 0 r  C r 1
n
(1) n + 2 (2) (3) n (4) n + 1
2
25. If (11)27 + (21)27 when divided by 16 leaves the remainder

(1) 0 (2) 1 (3) 2 (4) 14
26. The coefficient of x4 in the expansion of (1  x + 2x2)12 is :

(1) 12C3 (2) 13C3 (3) 14C4 (4) 12C
3 +3 13C
3 + 14C
4
27. The co-efficient of x5 in the expansion (1 + x + x2)15 is :

(1) 3 16C4 + 16C5 (2) 15C3 + 15C4 (3) 15C5 (4) 16C
5
np
28.  (1)pr · nCr · n rCp ·5n pr ·6r is equal to
r 0
(1) (– 1)p · 5n – p (2) nCp (–1)n (3) (– 1)n · 5n – p (4) nCp (–1)p
198
29.
 1 1

Number of rational terms in the expansion of  2 7  3 4  is equal to
 
(1) 7 (2) 8 (3) 9 (4) 10
30. The coefficient of c2d2 in the expansion of ( c  d ) 8 , is

(1) 28 (2) 45 (3) 56 (4) 70
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Numerical value
31. The expression (x + y + z)100 + (x – y – z)100 is simplified by expanding it and combining like
terms. Number of terms in the simplified expression is
101
C1 2 · 101C 2 3 · 101C 3 101· 101C101
32. The sum of the series    .......  equals
101 101 101 101
C0 C1 C2 C100
10
 x
33. The power of 'x' which has the greatest coefficient in the expansion of 1   is
 2
34. The coefficient of x35 in the expansion of (1 + x5)10 is
35. The constant term in the expansion of  log x  log

log x
x 2 100  12
is
36. If 18C + 2(18C16) + 17C16 + 1 = nC3 then n is equal to

15
8
 1  1
37. The term independent of x in the binomial expansion of 1   3x 5   2 x 2   is
 x  x
10 7 5 3
P
38. If (1 + x)10 =  C r x r and (1 + x)7 =  d r x r . If P =  C 2r and Q =  d 2r 1 , then is
r 0 r 0 r 0 r 0 Q
equal to
20
 5r 1 19C r1
39. The number of divisors of the number r 1 is equal to
17
17 17  r r
 Cr 4 2
r 0
6
 1   b   2 b   6 b 
40. If  x   1 = a0 +  a1x  1  +  a 2 x  22  + …… +  a 6 x  66  , then find the value of a0.
 x   x  x   x 
ANSWER KEY
1. (2) 2. (3) 3. (4) 4. (2) 5. (4) 6. (2) 7. (1)
8. (1) 9. (2) 10. (3) 11. (4) 12. (3) 13. (4) 14. (1)
15. (3) 16. (4) 17. (1) 18. (2) 19. (2) 20. (4) 21. (2)
22. (2) 23. (1) 24. (2) 25. (1) 26. (4) 27. (1) 28. (2)
29. (1) 30. (4) 31. 2601 32. (5151) 33. (3) 34. (120) 35. (495)
36. (20) 37. (400) 38. (8) 39. (9) 40. (0141)
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SOLUTION
SINGLE CORRECT :
1 1 3 1
1. (4C0x4 – 4C1x2 + 4C2 – 4C3 2 + 4C4 4 )(x3 + 3x + + 3 )  coefficient of x is 0
x x x x
8 5
8C
 1 
2. T6 = 5  8/ 3  . (x2 log10 x)5 = 100
x 
 x = 10
10
 cos  
3.  x sin   
 x 
r
10C (x
 cos x 
Tr + 1 = r sin )10 – r ·   = 10C
r (sin )10 – r · x10 – 2r (cos)r
 x 
hence for independent of x, r = 5
T6 = 10C5 (sin )5 · (cos)5
10
C5 (sin 2)5
.
25
4. T7 = 729  729
3
 3 
= 9C
6 3 
 84 
 3 lnx  6 x = e
5. Use nC + nCr  1 = n +1Cr

r
6. Coefficient of xn in the given polynomial is

nC + 3 · nC + 5 · nC + ......... + (2n + 1) · nC
0 1 2 n
= (nC0 + nC1 + nC2 + ......... + nCn ) + 2(nC1 + 2 · nC2 + 3 · nC3 + ......... + n · nCn )
= 2n + 2S
now (1 + x)n = C0 + C1x + C2x2 + ......... + Cnxn
differentiating w.r.t. x and put x = 1
S = nC1 + 2 · C2 + 3 · C3 + ....... + n · Cn = n · 2n – 1
hence coefficient of xn = 2n + 2 · n · 2n – 1
= 2n(n + 1)
 coefficient OF X9 = 29 · 10 = 5120
7. Put x = 1
(2 + 3c + c2)12 = 0  c2 + 3c + 2 = 0  c = – 2, – 1
8. Tr+1 = nCr an–r · xn–r · br

where n = 2000
coefficient of x2 = coefficient of x3
2000C · a2 · b1998 = 2000C · a3 · b1997
2 3
 b = 666a  k = 666 which is not divisible by 11. Ans.
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9. Put x = 1  Sum = 25 – 60 + 22 + 18 – 6 = – 1. Ans.
1
10. Tr + 1 = 6Cr (2x)6 – r ·
(2 x ) r
= 6Cr · 26 – 2r · x6 – 2r
if 6 – 2r = 2  r=2
if 6 – 2r = – 2  r=4
coefficien t of x 2  6C 2 ·2 2  60 
1 15 
coefficien t of x 2  6C 4 · 2  
2 4
 k = 16 Ans.
11. Given E = 4 . nC1 + 42 . nC2 + 43 . nC3 + ...... + 4n . nCn

= (1 + 4)n  1  5n  1
12. Consider expansion of (1 + x)2n and put x = 2 and x =  2 and add to get result
13. Let nC151 = q · nC150 where q  1

n! q ·n!
=
(151)!(n  151)! (150)!(n  150)!
1 q
=  n – 150 = q · 151 or n = 151q + 150
151 n  150
smallest n will be when q = 2
n = 302 + 150
n = 452
 sum of the digit = 11 Ans.
14. Tn = n . n ! = n ! [ (n + 1)  1 ] = (n + 1) !  n !
Now put n = 1, 2, 3 , ....... and add
1 19 (1) k ·2 k ·19!
15. 
(19) ! k 1 k!(19  k )!
1  19 19 
=   C k ·( 1) k ·2 k 

(19) !  k 1 

1 2
=
1
(19) !

19

C 0  19 C1·2  19C 2 ·2 2  19 C3 ·2 3  .....  19C19 ·219  1 =
(19) !
 
(1  2)19  1 = –
(19) !
16. S
101·100 ·99
finally S = 101C98 = 101C
3 =
1·2 ·3
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= 5050 · 33 = 166650
17. ak = (k2 + 1) k! = k (k  1)  (k  1)  k! = k(k + 1)! – (k – 1)k!
so k(k + 1)! – (k – 1)k!
a1 = 1 · 2! – 0
a2 = 2 · 3! – 1· 2!
a3 = 3 · 4! – 2· 3!

ak = k(k+1)! – (k – 1)k!
—————————
a1 + a2 + ...... + ak = k(k + 1)!
hence bk = k(k + 1)!
a k (k 2  1)k! (k 2  1)


bk k (k  1)! = k (k  1)
k2 1
= ;
k2  k
a100 10001 m
 
b100 10100 n ;
 (n – m) = 99 Ans.
18. 31C – 30C – 29C – 28C – …… – nC4 = 1

5 4 4 4
nC + nCr–1 = n+1C  n+1C – nCr–1 = nCr

r r r
 31C5 – 30C
4 = 30C
5 , 30C
5 – 29C
4 = 29C
5 , 29C
5 – 28C
4 = 28C
5 and so on
31C – 30C4 – 29C4 – 28C4 – …… – nC4 = 1

5
 nC = 1  n = 5
5
19. E = (2 n + 1) (2 n + 3) (2 n + 5) ......(4 n  1)
Multiply numerator and denominator by (2 n + 2) (2 n + 4) ...... (4 n) and also by (2 n ) ! and n!.
(2 n) ! (2 n  1) (2 n  2) (2 n  3) ........ (4 n  1) . 4 n
E =
(2 n ) ! (2 n  2) (2 n  4) ........ (2 n  2 n)
( 4 n) !  (n ) ! (n !) . ( 4 n) !
= = 2
(2 n) ! 2 ( n  1) ( n  2) ...... (2 n)  n !
n
2 n . (2 n) !
nC
1 1
20. 0 + nC2 n
2 = 2 C1
2 2
n ( n  1) n2  n  8
 1+ =n =
8 8
 n2 – 9n + 8 = 0  n = 1, 8 n = 1 (rejected)
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8 8
 1 3
 sum of coefficient = 1   =  
 2 2
10  26 10
2 C r 
21.  r · 26
Cr 1 
=  r (27  r ) = 1100
r 1  r 1
3
22.  8 Cr 4C r1 = 8C0.4C1 + 8C1.4C2 + 8C2.4C3 + 8C3.4C4
r 0
= 8C0.4C3 + 8C1.4C2 + 8C2.4C1 + 8C3.4C0 = 12C3 = 220 Ans.
23. S = C0C2 + C1C3 + C2C4 +...........+Cn – 2 Cn

now, (1 + x)n = C0 + C1x + C2x2 +...............+ Cnxn ..........(1)
(x + 1)n = C0xn + C1xn – 1 + C2xn – 2 +...........+Cn ..........(2)
Multiplying (1) and (2) & equating the coefficient of xn + 2
C0C2 + C1C3 + C2C4 +................
= coefficient of xn + 2 in (1 + x)2n = 2nCn + 2
n 1
1 n 1
r 1 1 n 1 n
24.  n
Cr 1
=  n 1 = 
n  1 r 0
(r  1) =
2
r 0 r 0
1 n
Cr
25. an + bn = (a + b) (Q (a, b) ) if n is odd i.e. an + bn is divisible by a + b if n is odd

Alternatively : interpret from (16 – 5)27 + (16 + 5)27
12
26. (1  x + 2 x2)12 =  (1  x)  2 x 2
= (1  x)12 + 12C1 (1  x)11 2 x2 + 12C2 (1  x)10 4 x4 + ......

required co-efficient of x4 =
co-eff. of x4 in (1  x)12 + 24 co-eff. of x2 in (1  x)11 + 4 . 12C2
12C
2 . 12 . 11 . 10 . 3
= 4 + 24 . 11C2 + 4 . 12C
2 = 12C
4 + +4. 12C
2
1. 2 . 3
= 12C + 6 . 12C3 + 4 . 12C2 = 12C4 + 2 . 12C3 + 4 (12C3 + 12C2)
4
= 12C + 2 . 12C3 + 4 . 13C3 = 12C4 + 12C3 + 12C3 + 4 . 13C3
4
= 13C + 13C3 + 12C3 + 3 . 13C3
4
= 14C + 3 . 13C3 + 12C3
4
15
27.  (1  x)  x  2
= (1 + x)15 + 15C
1 (1 + x)14 x2 + 15C
2 (1 + x)13 x4 + ......
coefficient of x5 in (1 + x + x2)15
= co-eff. of x5 in (1 + x)15 + 15 co-eff. of x3 in (1 + x)14 + 15C2 co-eff. of x1 in (1 + x)13
= 15C5 + 15 . 14C3 + 15C2 . 13C1
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15C
15 . 14 . 13 . 12 . 4 15C
= 5 + + 2 . 13
1. 2 . 3. 4
= 15C + 4 . 15C4 + 15C . 13
5 2
15C 15C
15 . 14 . 13 . 3
= 5 +4. 4 +
1. 2 . 3
= 15C + 4. 15C + 3. 15C
5 4 3
= 16C
5 + 3  15
C4  15
C3 
= 16C + 3. 16C
5 4
n! (n  r )! (n  p)! n! (n  p)!
28. nC · n – rCp =   = · = nCp · n – pCr
r r!(n  r)! p!(n  r  p)! (n  p)! p!(n  p)! (n  p  r )! r!
n p
  (1) pr · n Cr · nr C p ·5npr ·6r
r 0
n p
 (–1)p · nC
p ·  npCp ·5npr ·(6) r
r 0
 (–1)p · nCp · (5 – 6)n – p = nCp (–1)p + n – p

 nC (–1)n Ans.
p
198 – r r
198C ( 2) 7
29. Tr + 1 = r (3) 4
r = 0, 1, 2 ............., 198
 For r = 16, 44, 72, 100, 128, 156, 184 the terms in the expansion are rational.
8 r r
8; 8C c 2 2
30. ( c  d) r d  r=4
8 7  6 5
coefficient = 8C4 = = 70. Ans.
24
Numerical value
31. Let y+z=t

 E = (x + t)100 + (x – t)100
= 2[100C0 + 100C2 t2 + 100C4 t4 + ............. + 100C
100 t
100

number of terms = 1 3 5
7
.......
  101

51 terms
= (51)2 = 2601 Ans.
32. Consider the general term
r · 101C r
Tr = 101 which simplifies to (102 – r)
C r 1
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101
hence sum = 102  r = 101 + 100 + 99 + ......... + 2 + 1 = 5151
r 1
r
10C
x
33. Tr + 1 = r
2r
10 C
x2
For r = 2; 2 2
2
45 1
 coefficient of x2 = = 11
4 4
10 C
x3
For r = 3; 3 3
2
 coefficient of x3 = 15
10 C
x4
For r = 4; 4 4
2
210 105 1
 coefficient of x4 = = = 13
16 8 8
 r=3
34. Tr + 1 = 10Cr · x5r ; r = 0, 1, 2, ....... , 10

 For coefficient of x35, put 5r = 35
 r=7
So, T8 = 10C7 x35  Coefficient of x35
10! 10  9  8
= 10C7 = = = 120. Ans.
7! · 3! 6
12
 1 
35.  (log x ) 2  
 log x 
Tr+1 = 12Cr (log x)24 – 2r (log x)–r (– 1)r
= (– 1)r 12Cr (log x)24 – 3r
r=8
12C
12! 12  11 10  9
T9 = 8 = =
8! · 4! 24
= 55 × 9 = 495. Ans.
36. 18C 18 17C nC

15 + 2( C16) + 16 + 1 = 3
 18C15 + 18C16 + 18C16 + 17C16 + 17C17
= nC3 [ nCn = 1]
 18+1C16 + 18C16 + 17+1C17 = nC3 [ nCr–1 + nCr = n+1C ]
r
 19C16 + 18C16 + 18C17 = nC3 = 19C16 + 18+1C17 = nC3
 19C16 + 19C17 = nC3 = 19+1C17 = nC3
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 20C3 = nC3 [ nCn–r = nCr]
 n = 20
8
 1  1
37. Given expression = 1   3x 5   2 x 2  
 x  x
8 r
 2 1  1 
General term in  2x   = 8Cr (2x2)8–r  
 x  x 
16
 16 – 3r = 0  r= which is not possible
3
and 16 – 3r = 1  r=5
and 16 – 3r = – 5  r = 7
 Term independent of
x = – 8C5 23 (–1)5 + 3 · 8C7 · 2 (–1)7
= 56 × 8 – 48
= 400 Ans.
5
210
38. P=  C 2r = C0 + C2 + ....... + C10 = 10C0 + 10C2 ......... 10C10 = 2
= 29
r 0
3
27
and Q=  d 2r 1 = d1 + d3 + d5 + d7 = 7C1 + 7C3 + 7C5 + 7C7 =
2
= 26
r 0
P
 = 23 = 8. Ans.
Q
20 20
 5r 1 19
C r 1  5r1 ·120r ·19C r1 619
r 1 r 1
39. 17 = 17 = = 36
17
C r 417 r 2 r 617
  17 Cr 417r 2r
r 0 r 0
Total number of factor of 36 is 9.
6 6 r
 1  6  1
40.  x   1   C r  x  
 x  r 1  x
 a0 = 1 + 6C2 · 2C1 + 6C4 · 4C2 + 6C6 · 6C3
= 1 + 30 + 90 + 20 = 141. Ans.
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M AT H E M AT I CS
DPPDAILY PRACTICE PROBLEMS

E S T IN F OR
M TI O
A NO. 04
COMPOUND ANGLE
SINGLE CORRECT :
1. If the expression, 2 cos10° + sin 100° + sin 1000° + sin 10000° is simplified, then it simplifies to
(1) cos 10° (2) 3 cos 10° (3) 4 cos 10° (4) 5 cos 10°
2. If 3 tan A + cot A = 5cosec A, then the value of (sec A + 4sin2A) is equal to

(1) 3 (2) 4 (3) 5 (4) 6
3. A regular decagon A0, A1, A2......A9 is given in the xy plane. Measure of the A0A3A7 in degrees is
(1) 108° (2) 96° (2) 72° (4) 54°
4. The value of x satisfying the equation, x = 2  2  2  x is

(1) 2 cos 10° (2) 2 cos 20° (3) 2 cos 40° (4) 2 cos 80°
    3   7 
tan x   cos  x   sin 3   x
 2  2   2  when simplified reduces to
5.
    3 
cos x   tan  x 
 2  2 
(1) sin x cos x (2)  sin2 x (3)  sin x cos x (4) sin2x
6. The expression E = cos2(A – B) + cos2B– 2cos (A – B) cos A cos B, is

(1) independent of both A and B (2) independent of A but dependent of B
(3) independent of B but depedent of A. (4) depends upon both A and B
7. The value of (sec  – cos ) (cosec  – sin ) (cot  + tan ) (wherever defined) is equal to
(1) 1 (2) – 1 (3) 2 (4) – 2
1 1
8. If tan x – tan y = a and cot y – cot x = b (a, b  0), then the value of  =
a b
(1) cot (x – y ) (2) tan (x – y) (3) tan ( x + y) (4) cot (x + y )
9. In a triangle ABC, 3 sin A + 4 cos B = 6 and 3 cos A + 4 sin B = 1 then C can be

(1) 30° (2) 60° (3) 90° (4) 150°
cos 3x 1  sin 3x
10. If = for some angle x, 0  x  , then the value of for same x, is
cos x 3 2 sin x
7 5 2
(1) (2) (3) 1 (4)
3 3 3
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sin 8θ ·cos θ  sin 6θ ·cos 3θ
11. The value of when  = 7.5° is
cos 2θ ·cos θ  sin 3θ ·sin 4θ
(1) 2  1 (2) 2  3 (3) 2 1 (4) 2  3
 
12. The value of cosec – 3 sec 18 is a
18
(1) surd (2) rational which is not integral
(3) negative natural number (4) natural number
2 sin 2 x  1 cos x (1  2 sin x )
13. The expression f (x) =  wherever defined simplifies to
cos x 1  sin x
(1) tan2 x (2) tan x (3) 1 – cos x (4) 1 + sin2x
14.
sin 2
 
 sin 2   sin 2  cos 2   cos 2   sin 2 (2  )  cos 2 (6  )  1 
is equal to
 2   2  
 sin   4   cos  8    2 
 3   3 
4 5 1
(1) (2) (3) (4) 1
3 3 3
cos 68º
15. The value of expression is equal to
sin 56º ·sin 34º ·tan 22º
(1) 1 (2) 2 (3) 3 (4) 4
 
16. If cosec2 (x + y) – sin2(y – x) + sin2 (2x – y) = cos2 (x – y) and x, y   0,  , then the value of
 2
(sin 3x + cos 2y) is equal to
1 1 3 3
(1) (2) (3) (4)
2 2 2 2
  3 2    3 2 
17. Numerical value of cos  sin  cos   sin  cos  sin  is equal to
10  20 5  10  20 5 
1 5 1
(1) 0 (2) 1 (3) (4)
2 4
18. The minimum value of the function
f (x) = (3sin x – 4 cos x – 10)(3 sin x + 4 cos x – 10), is
195  60 2
(1) 49 (2) (3) 84 (4) 48
2
2    
19. The maximum value of expression cos   x   sin 2   x  is equal to
4  4 
3 
(1) 1 (2) 2 (3) (4)
2 2
tan 2 x  4 tan x  9
20. If M and m are maximum and minimum value of the function f (x) = ,
1  tan 2 x
then (M + m) equals
(1) 20 (2) 14 (3) 10 (4) 8
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 C C A B
21. If A + B + C =  and sin  A   = k sin , then tan
an tan =
 2 2 2 2
k1 k1 k k 1
(1) (2) (3) (4)
k1 k1 k1 k
A B
 cot2 2 . cot 2 2
22. In  ABC, the minimum value of is
A 2
 cot 2
(1) 1 (2) 2 (3) 3 (4) non existent
1
23. Let f() = , for all  { : f() > 0} then the minimum value of f(), is
3 sin 2  2 cos2 
1
(1) 0 (2) 3 (3) 1 (4)
3
360
24. The value of sum  sin r is equal to
r 1
(1) sin 1° (2) – sin 1° (3) 1 (4) 0
2005
 2 n 
25. The value of the sum   2 sin
2
 1 equals
n 1001  
(1) 2007 (2) 2008 (3) 2010 (4) 2011


26. If f(x) =  sin k ( x) , then the value of f   is equal to
6
k 3
1 1 3 3 3
(1) (2) (3) (4)
4 2 2 84 3
   
cos     cos   
 148  4  4 
27. Let x = log 0.75   and y = , then (x – y) is the tangent of the angle
 111   2    2  
sin      sin    
 3   3 
  5 3
(1) (2) (3) (4)
12 8 12 8
T5  T3
28. If Tn = (sinn  + cosn ), then
T7  T5 is equal to
T1 T2 T5 T3
(1) (2) (3) (4)
T3 T4 T7 T7
29. In triangle ABC, if tan A · tan C = 2 and tan B · tan C = 18. Then tan C is equal to
(1) 2 (2) 4 (3) 6 (4) 8
sin   sin 3  sin 5  ......  sin( 2n  1)  

30. Let fn() = . Then the value of f 4   is equal to
cos   cos 3  cos 5  .....  cos(2n  1)  32 
(1) 2 1 (2) 2 1 (3) 2  3 (4) 2  3
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Numerical value
 3 5 7
 sin
sin  sin  sin
31. The value of 16 16 16 16 is equal to
 3 5 7
cos  cos  cos  cos
16 16 16 16
2 A B C
32. In triangle ABC, the minimum value of sec  sec 2  sec 2 is equal to
2 2 2
33. Number of real solutions to the equation

sin (6x) = x, is
cos k º
34. If cos 63º cos 57º sin 87º is equal to , where k and m are natural numbers and k  (0,
m
180) then find (k – m).
   5   11   29 
35. If S = 2 + log2  sin  + log2  sin  + log2  sin  + log2  sin ,
 12   12   12   12 
then find the value of (2–S).
 cos 24 sin 162 

36. Find the exact value of  2
  cos162  .
 2 tan 33 sin 57 sin 18  cos18 tan 9 
 2   4      7 
37. If f() = sin3 + sin3     + sin3     then find the value of f    f   .
 3   3   18   18 
11
 r  a a 
38. If S =  (1) r 1 tan2  24  = b where a and b are co-prime then find the value of 
 11
 (b  1)  .

r 1
 1 1 1
39. Let  = cos 80º,  = cos 40º,  = cos 20º , then find the value of     ?
  
k
40. If cos 80° + 2 cos 50° = 3 cos 80° + 2 cos k° , where k  (0, 90) then find the value of .
5
ANSWER KEY
1. (1) 2. (3) 3. (4) 4. (3) 5. (4) 6. (3) 7. (1)
8. (1) 9. (1) 10. (1) 11. (2) 12. (4) 13. (2) 14. (4)
15. (2) 16. (1) 17. (3) 18. (1) 19. (2) 20. (3) 21. (1)
22. (1) 23. (4) 24. (4) 25. (4) 26. (1) 27. (2) 28. (1)
29. (2) 30. (2) 31. (1) 32. (4) 33. (11) 34. (5) 35. (4)
36. (2) 37. (0) 38. (9) 39. (6) 40. (7)
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SOLUTION
1. sin (1000°) = sin (1080 + (– 80)) = – sin 80° = – cos 10°

sin 10000° = – cos 10°.
2 cos10° + sin 100° + sin 1000° + sin 10000° = cos 10°. Ans.
3 sin A cos A 5
2.  =  3sin2A + cos2A = 5cos A
cos A sin A sin A
 2cos2A + 5cos A – 3 = 0  (2cos A – 1) (cos A + 3) = 0
1
 cos A = or cos A = – 3 (not possible)
2
3
 sec A + 4sin2A = 2 + 4 × = 5. Ans.
4
3. Angle substended by each sides is 36° at the centre

as shown
108
= = 54°
2
4. Note that x  [–2, 2] for x to be real

Let x = 2 cos  where   [0, ] [Note : x + 2  0 and 2 – 2  x  0  x  [–2, 2] ]
x= 2  2  2  2 cos 
      
2 cos  = 2  2  2 cos = 2  21  cos  = 2  2 sin = 2  2 cos  
2  2 4  2 4
       
= 21  cos    = 4 cos2   
  2 4   4 8
    9  2
2 cos  = 2 cos   ;  =   =  =
4 8 4 8 8 4 9
2
Hence x = 2 cos = 2 cos 40°  (C) Ans.
9
    3   7 
tan x   cos  x   sin 3   x
 2  2   2 
5.
    3 
cos x   tan  x 
 2  2 
sin x. cos x
3
 cot x . sin x  cos x cos3 x 
sin x
= = = sin2x Ans
 sin x . cot x cos x
 sin x .
sin x
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6. E = cos2(A – B) + cos2B – cos (A – B) · [cos (A + B) + cos (A – B)]
= cos2B – cos (A – B) cos (A + B) = cos2B – (cos2A – sin2B) = 1 – cos2A = sin2A. Ans.
7. Let E = (sec  – cos ) (cosec  – sin ) (cot  + tan )
 1   1   cos  sin  
=   cos   ·   sin   ·   
 cos    sin    sin  cos  
 sin 2    cos 2    1 
=  
 

   = 1. Ans.
 cos    sin    sin  · cos  
sin x sin y sin x cos y  cos x sin y sin ( x  y)

8. a=  = =
cos x cos y cos x cos y cos x cos y
cos y cos x cos y sin x  cos x sin y sin( x  y)

b  = =
sin y sin x sin x sin y sin x sin y
1 1 cos x cos y sin x sin y

  
a b sin( x  y) sin( x  y)
cos( x  y)
= = cot (x – y)
sin( x  y)
9. Square and adding

9 + 16 + 24 sin(A + B) = 37
24 sin(A + B) = 12
1 1
sin (A + B) =  sin C =
2 2
C = 30° or 150°
if C = 150° then even of B = 0 and A = 30°
the quantity 3 sin A + 4 cos B
1 1
3· +4=5 <6
2 2
hence C = 150° is not possible   C = 30° only Ans.
sin 3x cos 3x sin 3x cos x  cos 3x sin x sin 2 x sin 2x
10. Consider, – = = =2· =2
sin x cos x sin x cos x sin x cos x sin 2x
sin 3x 1
so – =2
sin x 3
sin 3x 1 7
or =2+ = Ans.
sin x 3 3
sin 9  sin 7  sin 9  sin 3 2 sin 2 cos 5

11. = = tan15° = 2  3 .
cos 3  cos   cos   cos 7 2 cos 5 cos 2
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1  3 
2  cos  sin 
1

3 2 18 2 18 
12. =
sin  / 18 cos  / 18 sin  9 
2
    
4sin cos  cos sin 
 6 18 6 18 
= = 4 Ans

sin
9
cos x (1  2 sin x ) cos 2 x  sin 2 x

13. Given, f(x) = –
1  sin x cos x
cos 2 x (1  2 sin x )  (1  sin x )(cos2 x  sin 2 x ) sin x cos 2 x  sin 3 x  sin 2 x

= =
cos x (1  sin x ) cos x (1  sin x )
sin x(cos2 x  sin 2 x)  sin 2 x sin x (1  sin x )

= = = tan x.
cos x(1  sin x) cos x (1  sin x )
2 sin 2 x  1 cos x (1  2 sin x ) (1  sin x ) (2 sin 2 x  1)  (1  2 sin x ) (1  sin x )

Aliter : Given, f(x) =  =
cos x (1  sin x )(1  sin x ) cos x
(2 sin 2 x  1)  (1  sin x  2 sin 2 x ) sin x

= = = tan x. Ans.
cos x cos x
3 1 
14. [sin2 (sin2 + cos2) + cos2] + [sin2 + cos2 + 1] ÷    2
4 4 
2 5
=1+2 ÷3=1+ = . Ans.
3 3
cos 68º sin 22
15. =
sin 56º ·sin 34º ·tan 22º  sin 22 
cos 34 sin 34  
 cos 22 
2 sin 22 cos 22 2 cos 22

= = = 2. Ans.
sin 68 sin 22 sin 68
16. We have, cosec2 (x + y) + sin2 (2x – y) = sin2 (y – x) + cos2 (y – x) = 1


 x+y= and 2x – y = 0
2
 
 x= ,y=
6 3
 1  1
Hence, (sin 3x + cos 2y) = 1 +   = . Ans.
 2  2
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  3 2    3 2 
17. cos  sin  cos   sin  cos  sin 
10  20 5  10  20 5 
  3  3    2  2 
=  cos sin  sin cos  +  cos cos  sin sin 
 10 20 10 20   10 5 10 5 
  3    2    1 1
= sin    + cos    = sin   + cos = +0= . Ans.
 10 20   10 5  4 2 2 2
18. f (x) = 9 sin2x – 16 cos2x – 10(3 sin x – 4 cos x) – 10(3 sin x + 4 cos x) + 100
= 25 sin2x – 60 sin x + 84
= (5 sinx – 6)2 + 48
 f (x)min occurs when sin x = 1
minimum value = 49
        
19.
2
Let Expression (E) = cos   x   sin 2   x  = cos2   x   cos2     x  
4  4  4  2 4 
2   
= 2 · cos   x  = 1  cos  2x  = 1 – sin 2x
4  2 
Hence, maximum value is 2. Ans.
tan 2 x  4 tan x  9 2(2 tan x )  1  tan 2 x 

20. Given, f (x) = = + 4 
2  + 5 = 2 sin 2x + 4 cos 2x + 5
1  tan 2 x 1  tan 2 x  1  tan x 
 
Rf = 5  20 , 5  20 
Hence, (M + m) = 10 Ans.
tan 2 x 4 tan x 9
Aliter : f(x) = 2 + 2 + 2 = sin2x + 2 sin 2x + 9 cos2x
1  tan x 1  tan x 1  tan x
= 1 + 4(1 + cos 2x) + 2 sin 2x = 5 + 2 sin 2x + 4 cos 2x. ] [12th (EN), 08-01-2017, P-1]
FG C IJ
sin A +
H 2 K =K
21. C Now apply C/D and then proceed
sin
2
A B C
22. E = tan2 + tan2 + tan2
2 2 2
2
 A B
now consider  tan  tan   0 etc and add to get the result.
 2 2
1 1
23. f() = =
3 sin 2  2 cos2  3 sin 2  cos 2  1
1 1
f ()|min = = . Ans.
2 1 3
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360
24.  sin r = sin 1° + sin 2° + ...... + sin 359° + sin 360° = sin
 1 sin
 
2......
  
sin359
r 1 (sine series )
(As sin 360° = 0)
 1  359   359  1 
sin   . sin  
 2   2 
= = 0. Ans.
 1 
sin  
2
2005
25.  2  cos n = 2(2005 – 1000) – (–1 + 1 – 1 ........)
n 1001
= 2 × 1005 – (–1) = 2010 + 1 = 2011 Ans.
2005
Aliter:  2  cos n = 2(1005) – cos
 1001
 
 cos
 
1002 .....
cos   cos 2005
2004

n 1001 zero
= 2010 – (–1) = 2011 Ans.
26. sin3 x + sin4 x + sin5 x + ........
sin 3 x
f(x) =
1  sin x
 1 1
f   = · 2 = . Ans.
6 8 4
4
27. x = log 3     1
3
4 

sin 
2 sin
y = 4  2
2
2 cos sin 
3

 (x – y) = 2  1 = tan  B. Ans.
8
28. As, Tn = (sinn  + cosn ), so T5 – T3 = (sin5  + cos5 ) – (sin3  + cos3 )

= – sin3 (1 – sin2 ) – cos3  · (1 – cos2 )
= – sin3 · cos2 – cos3 · sin2
 2 2
T5 – T3 = – sin  · cos  · (sin  + cos )
Similarly,
T7 – T5 = – sin2 · cos2  · (sin3  + cos3)
T5  T3 (sin   cos ) T
Hence, = 3 3 = 1 . Ans.
T7  T5 (sin   cos ) T3
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29. Let y = tan C,
2 18
So, tan A = and tan B =
y y
Now, in ABC,  tan A =  tan A

 2 18  2 18
    y  = · ·y  20 + y2 = 36
y y  y y
 y = 4 = tan C Ans.
30. f n() = tan n
 sin   sin 3  sin 5  sin 7 (sine series )

31. Put  = ,
16 cos   cos 3  cos 5  cos 7 (cosine series )
sin( 4)
sin 4 
=
sin  = tan 4 = tan = 1. Ans.
sin( 4) 4
cos 4
sin 
A B
32. In ABC,  tan 2 · tan 2 =1
2 A A B
  tan 2
  tan tan = 1
2 2
 (a2 + b2 + c2 – ab – bc – ca  0,  a, b, c  R )
A A 4
 3+  tan 2 2  4   sec2 2 
3
2 A B C
3 + tan  tan 2  tan 2  1 + 3
2 2 2
————————————————
A B C
sec 2  sec 2  sec 2  4. Ans.
2 2 2
33. Draw graphs of y = x and y = sin 6x and then interpret.
7 11
12 12
O 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 12
1 12 12 12 12 12
12 12 12 12 12
–1
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34. y = cos 63º cos 57º sin 87º
= cos 63º sin 57º cos 3º
cos 3·3º cos 9º
= =
4 4
 k = 9, m = 4
 k – m = 5 Ans.
35. Given S = 2 + log2(sin 15°) + log2(sin 75°) + log2(sin 165°) + log2(sin 435°)
= 2 + 2 log2 (sin15)  log2 (sin 75) 
 2 ·sin 15 · cos15  1

= 2 + 2 log 2   = 2 + 2 log 2  
 2  4
 S=2–4=–2  2–S = 22 = 4 Ans.
 cos 24 sin 162 

36. Let expression =  2
  cos162 
 2 tan 33 · sin 57 sin 18  cos18 tan 9 
 
 
 cos 24 sin 18 cos 9
=   cos162  = 1 + (2cos29°) – cos 18°
  sin 33  2 sin 9 
2  cos 33 
  cos 33  
= 1 + (1 + cos 18°) – cos 18° = 1 + 1 = 2. Ans.
 2   4 
37. Since, sin  + sin      sin     =0
 3   3 
 2   4    2   4  
 sin3 + sin3     + sin3     = 3  sin  · sin     · sin     
 3   3    3   3 
3
f () = sin 3.
4
    7   3   7 
 f f  = 4 sin 6  sin 6  = 0. Ans.
 18   18 
 2  11   2 2 10   2 3 9   4 8 
38. S =  tan  tan 2  –  tan  tan 2  +  tan  tan 2  –  tan 2  tan 2 
 24 24   24 24   24 24   24 24 
 2 5 7   6 
+  tan  tan 2  – tan2  
 24 24   24 
 2   
S =  2  4 cot  
  –  2  3
 12   
  2  3   +  
2 2
 
2
2 1 
2

2  1 


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  1 2 2 5 
– 
 3 
   3   +  2  4 cot 2
– 1
12 
  
143 a a 
S=     (b  1)  = 9. Ans.
3 b  11 
 1 1 1  1 1 1 
39.     =    
      sin 10º sin 50º sin 70º 
sin 50º sin 70º  sin 10º sin 70º  sin 10º sin 50º
=
sin 10º sin 50º sin 70º
(sin 70º cos 20º  sin 10º sin 50º )
=
1
sin 30º
4
= 4 (sin 90  sin 50)  (cos 40  cos 60) 
 1
= 4 1   = 6.
 2
40. L.H.S. = cos 80° + 2 cos(80° – 30°)
 3 80 
cos 80° + 2  cos 80 ·  sin 
 2 2 
3 cos 80° + (cos 80° + sin 80°)

3 cos 80° + (cos 80° + cos 10°)
3 cos 80° + 2 cos 45° · cos 35°
3 cos 80° + 2 cos 35°
Hence, k = 35
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M AT H E M AT I CS

E S T IN F OR
M TI O
A NO. 05
FUNCTION
SINGLE CORRECT :
 1 
1. The domain of the function f (x) = log 2   is given by
 log x
2 
(1) {x : x > 0} (2) {x : 0 < x < 1} (3) {x : 1 < x  2} (4) {x : x > 1}
1
2. The domain of the function f(x)= {sin(x)}  {sin    x } (where {.} denotes the fractional part) is :
 
(1) [2n, (2n + 1), n z (2)  0, 2 
 
    n 
(3)  2n  1 2 ,n  z  (4) R –  2 , n  z 
   
3. If the equation | x  3 | 2 = p, where p is a constant integer has exactly three distinct solutions,
then the number of integral values of p, is
(1) 0 (2) 1 (3) 2 (4) 4
 5cos2 x  7 
4. If f : R  R , f(x) = x + sin x + 
5
p
 is an odd function, then the value of p (where [.]
3
 
denotes the greatest integer function) is :
(1) [7, 12] (2) (12, ) (3) (0, 12] (4) (–, )
 1  x3 
5. The domain of the function f(x)= sin  2x3 / 2  + sin(sin x) + log(3{x} + 1) (x2 +1),
1
where {.} represents fractional part function, is:

(1) x  {1} (2) x  R  {1,  1} (3) x > 3, x  I (4) none of these
6. If [x]2 – 5[x] + 6 = 0, where [k] denotes the greatest integer less than or equal to k,
then total set of values of 'x' is
(1) x  [3, 4) (2) x  [2, 3] (3) x  {2, 3} (4) x  [2, 4)
7. If a2 + b2 + c2 + ab + bc + ca  0, where a, b, c  R, then domain of the function
f(x) = sgn(x ) ·(ax 2  bx  c) will be

(1) (0, ) (2) [0, ) (3) (– , 0] (4) (– , )
n
8 For x  where n  I, the range of function
2
f (x) = sgn(sin x) + sgn(cos x) + sgn(tan x) + sgn(cot x) is equal to
[Note : sgn x denotes signum function of x.]
(1) {–2, 4} (2) {–2, 0, 4} (3) {–4, –2, 0, 4} (4) {0, 2, 4}
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9. If graph of y = f(x) is reflection of graph of y = g(x) w.r.t. line y = x and g(x) = (x + 1)2 – 1,
x –1 then f(24) is equal to
(1) –4 (2) 4 (3) –6 (4) 6
10. Let f : R  [0, 2] be defined by f(x) = log 13 / 2 (sin2x + sinx + a) then the set of values of a for which
f is onto is :
 1 1  3  5 
(1)  0, 4  (2)  4 ,   (3)  4  (4)  4 
       
11 . f(x) = 3 sin2x – cos2x + 4 is one-one in the interval
           
(1)   2 , 2  (2)   4 , 4  (3)   6 , 3  (4)   3 , 2 
       
12. A function f : R  R is defined as f (x) = (x + 1) (x + 2) (x + 3) (x + 4) + (x + 5) then f (x) is

(1) one one onto (2) many one onto (3) one one into (4) many one into
13. Let E = {1, 2, 3, 4 } & F = {1, 2}. Then the number of onto functions from E to F is
(1) 14 (2) 16 (3) 12 (4) 8
14. The number of function f from {1,2,3.......,20} on to{1,2,3,...., 20} such that f(k) is a multiple of 3,
whenever k is a multiple of 4, is
(1) (15)! × 6! (2) 56 × 15 (3) 5! × 6! (4) 65 × (15)!
15. The mapping f : R  R given by f (x) = x3 + ax2 + bx + c is a bijection if

(1) b2  3a (2) a2  3b (3) a2  3b (4) b2  3a
16. Let f : [–1, 3]  [–8, 72] be defined as f (x) = 4x3 – 12x, then f is
(1) injective but not surjective (2) injective as well as surjective
(3) neither injective nor surjective (4) surjective but not injective
 x ,x  0 ex ,x  0
17. If f(x) =  2 and g(x) =  x then g [f(x)] =
x , x0 e ,x  0
e  x , x  0 e  x , x  0
e x , x  0  2  x
 x  x2 e ,x  0
e ,x  0 e ,x  0
(1)  x2 (2)  2 (3)  
(4)  x
e , x  0 x 1,x 0 e , x  0
 –e , x  0 
3  3x  5
18. Let f : R –  2   R, f(x) = , Let f2(x) = f(f(x)), f3(x) = f(f2(x)), ........, f n(x) = f(fn–1(x)) then
  2x  3
f2017(x) + f2018(x) =
2x 2  5 x2  5 2x 2  5 x2  5
(1) (2) (3) (4)
2x  3 2x  3 2x  3 2x  3
 5   5 
19. If f(x) = [x] and g(x) = |x – 2|, then the value of  gof    fog   is equal to
 4  4 
[Note: [k] denotes greatest integer less than or equal to k.]
(1) – 4 (2) 3 (3) 2 (4) 4
20. The sum of all real values of  for which f(x)= (2 – 2) |sinx|+ (3 – 4)|cosx| + g() has fundamental
period is equal to /2, is
(1) 4 (2) 3 (3) 5 (4) 2
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21. Consider f , g, h be real-valued functions defined on R. Let f (x) – f (– x) = 0 for all  x  R,
g (x) + g (– x) = 0 for all x  R and h (x) + h (– x) = 0 for all  x  R.
If f(1) = 0, f(4) = 2, f (3) = 6, g(1) = – 1, g(– 2) = 4, g(3) = 5, and h(1) = 2, h(3) = 5,
h(6) = 3.
Then the value of f  g  h (1)    g h  f (3)    h  f  g (1)   is equal to
(1) – 1 (2) 1 (3) – 7 (4) 7
22. If f(x) = 2017x + 2017 –x , g(x) = x2 – 1 then g(f(x)) is

(1) An even function (2) An odd function
(3) Neither even nor odd (4) a periodic function
23. Which of the following function is non-periodic ?

(where [.] and {.} denotes the greatest integer function and fractional part function respectively)
2x
(1) (2) sin–1({x}) (3) sin1( sin x ) (4) sin–1(cos(x2))
2[x]
5  11 
24. A function f :  ,     ,   defined as f(x) = x2 – 5x + 9. Number of solution of the
2  4 
– 1
equation f(x) = f (x) will be
(1) 0 (2) 1 (3) 2 (4) 
25. The range of function f(x) = sin x + cos x – [sin x] – [cos x]  x  R, is

(1) [0, 1) (2) [0, 2) (3) [1, 2) 
(4) 0, 2 
[Note: [k] denotes greatest integer less than or equal to k.]
26. Let f(x) = x2 – 4x + 5 and g(x) = 3 sin x + 4 cos x. If range of f g (x )  is [a, b], then (a + b)
equals
(1) 60 (2) 51 (3) 49 (4) 30
sin x cos x
27. Range of function f(x) = 2 + is -
1  tan x 1  cot 2 x
(1) [–1, 1] (2) (–1, 1) (3) [–1, 1) (4) (–1, 1]
1
28. If f : [1 , )  [2 , ) is given by , f (x) = x + , then f 1 (x) equals :
x
x  x2  4 x x  x2  4
(1) (2) (3) (4) 1  x2  4
2 1  x2 2
29. dentify the correct statement
(1) the function f(x) = cos (cos1 x) is neither odd nor even
(2) the fundamental period of f(x) = cos (sin x) + cos (cos x) is 
(3) the range of the function f(x) = cos (3 sin x) is [ 1, 1]
(4) The domain of f(x) = sec–1x is (–,–1]  [1,)
 1  2
30. The fundamental period of function f(x) = [x] +  x   +  x   – 3x + 15, where [.] denotes
 3  3
greatest integer function, is :
1 2
(1) (2) (3) 1 (4) non-periodic
3 3
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Numerical value
31. Let p be the product of the non real roots of the equation
x4 – 4x3 + 6x2 – 4x = 2008.
32. Polynomial P(x) contains only terms of odd degree. When P(x) is divided by (x – 3), the remainder
is 6. If P(x) is divided by (x2 – 9) then remainder is g (x). Find the value of g (2).
33. Let f(x) = 2kx + 9 where k is a real number. If 3f(3) = f(6), then the value of f(9) – f(3)
is equal to N, where N is a natural number. Find all the composite divisors of N.
34. If f(x) = x3 + 3x2 + 4x + b sin x + c cos x  x  R is a one-one function, then find the maximum
value of (b2 + c2).
 2x  3 
35. Let f be a real valued invertible function such that f   = 5x – 2, x  2. Find f –1(13).
 x  2 
 1 , x  0

36. Let g (x) = 1 + x  [ x ] and f (x) =  0 , x  0 . Then for all x, f (g (x)) is equal to (where [.]
1 , x  0

denotes greatest integer function)
37. The number of real solutions of equation 1  cos 2x = 2 sin–1 (sin x),   x , is
38. Let f : R  R, f(x) = x3 – 3x2 + (2 + 8) x + 24, where  is the largest number for which f(x) is
 f 1  f 1 31 
bijective. The value of   is

 4 
x   2  2, x  2
39. Let a bijective function g : R  R be defined as g(x) = 
7  x , x  2.
If graph of y = f(x) is reflection of graph of y = g(x) w.r.t. line y = x, then find f(11).
 ex  1 
40. Let h(x) = Ax7 + B tan x + C  x  + 3, where A, B, C are non zero real constants and h(–1)

 e  1 
 2

= 6. If h sgn(1  sin x  sin x ) = m, then find the value of m.
ANSWER KEY
1. (3) 2. (4) 3. (2) 4. (2) 5. (4) 6. (4) 7. (4)

8 (2) 9. (3) 10. (4) 11 . (3) 12. (4) 13. (1) 14. (1)
15. (2) 16. (4) 17. (2) 18. (1) 19. (4) 20. (3) 21. (4)
22. (1) 23. (4) 24. (2) 25. (2) 26. (2) 27. (1) 28. (1)
29. (4) 30. (1) 31. (45) 32. (4) 33. (0011) 34. (0001) 35. (3)
36. (1) 37. (2) 38. (8) 39. (0) 40. (0)
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SOLUTION
 1 
1. log 2    0]
 log 2 x 
1
log 2 x  1; also log2x > 0, x > 1
logx2  1
2x  x2
 1<x2  (3)
n
2. {sinx} + {–sinx}  0  sinx  ±1, 0  x n 
2
3. The following sequence of graphs gives a progression that leads directly to the answer.
y y y
(–3,2)
y=| x + 3 |
y=|x + 3| – 2
x x
(–3,0) y=||x + 3| – 2| x
(–3,–2)
 5cos2 x  7 
4. For odd function  p
 =0
 
 p > 5cos2x + 7,  xR  p > 12
 1 x3 
5. f(x) = sin  2x 3 / 2  + sin(sin x) + log(3{x} + 1) (x2 + 1)
–1 
Domain : 3{x} + 1  1 or 0  x 

1  x3
and –1 1
2x3 / 2
– 2x3/2  1 + x3  2x3/2
1 + x3 + 2x3/2  0
(1 + x3/2)2  0  xR
1 + x3 – 2x3/2  0
or (1 – x3/2)2  0
or 1 – x3/2 = 0 or x = 1
Hence domain x
6. [x]2 – 5[x] + 6 = 0  [ x ]  2[ x ]  3 = 0  [x] = 2 or 3  x  [2, 4) Ans.
7.  a2 + b2 + c2 + ab + bc + ca  0
 (a + b)2 + (b + c)2 + (c + a)2  0
 a+b=b+c=c+a=0  a=b=c=0  Df = R
8 f (x) periodic function with period 2.
 
 4; 0x
2
 
 2; x
 2
f (x) =  3
 0; x
 2
 3
 2; 2
 x  2
 Range of function = {–2, 0, 4} Ans.

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9. Clearly f(x) is inverse of g(x)
g(x) = f–1(x) f(x) = g–1(x)
g(x) = 24 (x + 1)2 – 1 = 24
x + 1 = –5 = x = –6
g(–6) = 24 g–1(24) = f(24) = –6
2
 1 1
10. sin x + sinx + a =  sin x   –
2
+a
 2  4
2
1  1 1
–   sin x     2
4  2 4
2
1  1 1
  a   sin x    a   2  a
4  2  4
 a = 5/4
 
11 . f(x) = 2sin  2x  6  + 4
 
  
sinx is one-one in   2 , 2 
 
  
   2x  
2 6 2
  
 x   6 , 3 
 
12.  f (x) is an even degree polynomial
 f (x) is many one into function
13. Total 24 = 2 = 14 Ans.

(4 books to be distributed
in 2 children so that every
E F
1 1
4 2
3 2
Books Ram/Shyam
child must get at least one book)T – Into
14. According to given information, we have if

k{4,8,12,16,20}
Then, f(k)  {3,6,9,12,15,18}
[ condomain (f) = {1,2,3,.......20}]
Now, we need to assign the value of f(k) for
k{4,8,12,16,20} this can be done in 6C5 . 5! way = 65! = 6! = 6! and remaining 15 element can
associated by 15! ways.
 Total number of onto functions = 15! 6!
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15. f : R  R, f(x) = x3 + ax2 + bx + c
2
f(x) = 3x + 2ax + b
D  0 or 4a2 – 12b  0
or a2  3b
16. f (x) = 4x3 – 12x

f '(x) = 12(x2 – 1) = 12(x + 1)(x – 1)
(–1, 8) (3,72)
+ – + (0,0) x = 1
x
–1 1 x = –1 x=3
(1, –8)
ef( x) ,f(x)  0
17. g[f(x)] =  f( x)
 e ,f(x)  0
e  x ,  x  0 & x  0
 x e  x , x  0
e , x  0 & x  0 
 x2  x2
e , x0
= e , x  0 & x  0 =  2
2
x
 x2 2 e , x  0
  e , x  0 & x  0
3x  5 3f(x)  5
18. f(x) = , f(f(x)) =
2x  3 2f(x)  3
 3x  5 
3 5
 2x  3 
=  3x  5  =x
2  3
 2x  3 
 f2(x) = f4(x) = ........... = f 2018(x) = x
3x  5
f1(x) = f3(x) = .......= f2017(x) =
2x  3
3x  5
 f2017(x) + f2018(x) = x +
2x  3
2x 2  5
=
2x  3
5  5
19. gof   + fog  
 4  4 
  5     5 
= g f     f  g   = 1 + 3 = 4 Ans.
  4    4 
20.  – 2 = 3 – 4
2 – 5 + 4 = 0
 = 1, 4
sum = 5
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21. f  g  h (1)    g  h  f (3)    h  f  g( 1)   = 2 + 5 + 0 = 7
22. g(f(x)) = (f(x))2 – 1

= (2017)2x + (2017)–2x + 2 – 1
= (2017)2x + (2017)–2x + 1  3
 g[f(x)] is an even function
2x
23. Period of is 1
2[x]
period of sin–1{x} is 1
period of sin–1 ( sin x ) is 2
whereas sin–1(cos(x2)) is non-periodic
2
 5  11
24.  f (x) =  x   
 2 4
 f is one one and onto
f (x) = f – 1(x) will be same as f (x) = x
 x2 – 5x + 9 = x  x2 – 6x + 9
= 0  x =3 ]
25. We have, f(x) = {sin x} + {cos x}

So, Rf = [0, 2). Ans.]
26. f g (x )  = g (x ) 2 – 4g(x) + 5
2
= g( x )  2  + 1
g(x) = 3 sin x + 4 cos x
g(x)  [–5, 5]
 f g (x )   [1, 50]  [a, b]
 a + b = 51 Ans. ]
sin x cos x
27. f(x) = 2 +
1  tan x 1  cot 2 x
f(x) = sin x |cos x| + cos x |sin x|
periodic period = 2
  
 sin2x , x 0 , 
2
  
  
 0 , x   , 
 2 

 sin 2x  3 
f(x) = , x   , 
  2 

  3 
 0 , x  ,2 
  2 
 Range y  [–1, 1]
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28. f : [1, )  [2, )
1 x 2 1
f(x) = x +  y=
x x
x2 – xy + 1 = 0
y y2  4
x=
2
y y2  4
x= (rejected) as x , y 
2
x x2  4
f–1 (x) = .
2
29. (1) f(x) = cos (cos–1 x)

= x, x  [–1, 1] Odd function
(2) f (x + ) = cos (sin (x +)) + cos (cos (x + ))
f (x + ) = cos (sin x) + cos (cos x) = f(x)
         
f  x   = cos  sin  x  2   + cos  cos  x  2  
 2       
= cos (cos x) + cos (sin x) = f(x)

Fundamental period =
2
(3) f(x) = cos (3 sin x), x  [–1, 1]
– 3 sin1 3 sin x 3 sin 1
cos (3 sin 1) cos (3 sin x) 1
 Range is [cos (3 sin1), 1]
 1  1  2  1
30. f  x   =  x   +  x   + [x + 1] – 3  x   + 15
 3  3  3  3
 1  2
=  x   +  x   + [x] – 3x + 15 = f(x)
 3  3
 Fundamental period is 1/3
31. x4 – 4x3 + 6x2 – 4x + 1 = 2009

(x – 1)4 = 2009
(x – 1)2 =  2009
as we want only the product of non real roots,
hence, (x – 1)2 = – 2009 = –7 41
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x2 – 2x + 1 + 7 41 = 0  product of roots = 1 7 41
 p = 1 + 7 41
= 1 + 7(6.42)
= 1 + 44.94
= 45.95  [p] = 45 Ans.
32. As P(x) is an odd function

hence P(– x) = – P(x)
 P(–3) = – P(3) = – 6
let P(x) = Q(x2 – 9) + ax + b (where Q is quotient and (ax + b) = g (x) = remainder)
now P(3) = 3a + b = 6 ....(1)
P(–3) = – 3a + b = – 6 ....(2)
hence b = 0 and a = 2
hence g (x) = 2x  g (2) = 4 Ans.
f (3) 2 3k  9 1
33. Given, = 6k =  3(23k + 9) = 26k + 9
f (6) 2 9 3
 26k – 3(23k) – 18 = 0  (23k – 6) (23k + 3) = 0  23k = 6 (As, 23k  – 3) .......(1)
Now, f (9) – f (3) = (29k + 9) – (23k+ 9) = – 29k
= 23k– (23k)3
(put 23k
= 6) 23k
f (9) – f (3) = 63 – 6 = 210
Hence, N = 210 = 2 · 3 · 5 · 7
Total number of divisor = 2 · 2 · 2 · 2 = 16
number of divisors which are composite = 16 – (1, 2, 3, 5, 7) = 11 Ans.
34. We have f '(x) = 3x2 + 6x + 4 + b cos x – c sin x

Now, for f(x) to be one-one, only possibility is f '(x)  0  x  R.
i.e., 3x2 + 6x + 4 + b cos x – c sin x  0  x  R
i.e., 3x2 + 6x + 4  c sin x – b cos x  x  R
i.e., 3x2 + 6x + 4  b 2  c2  x  R
i.e.,  
b2  c2  3 x 2  2x  1 + 1  x  R
i.e., b 2  c 2  3x  12  1  x  R
 b2  c2  1  x  R
 b2 + c2  1  x  R. Ans.
 2x  3  2x  3
35. We have f   = 5x – 2  f –1(5x – 2) =
 x2  x2
Let 5 x – 2 = 13 then x = 3
2 (3)  3
Hence f –1 (13) = = 3 Ans.
32
Alternatively :
2x  3 3  2t 15  10t 11  8t 11  8x
Let t  x=  f (t) = –2=  y = f (x) =
x2 2t 2t 2t 2x
2 y  11 2 y  11
Now x =  f–1(y) =
y8 y8
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2(13)  11 15
Hence f –1(13) = = = 3 Ans.
13  8 5
36. g(x) = 1 + {x}
f(x) = sgn (x)
 f(g(x)) = sgn (1 + {x}) = 1
37. Given equation is |cos x| = sin–1 (sin x) –  x  
Number of solution = 2
38. f (x) = x3 – 3x2 + (2 + 8)x + 24

For f(x) to be one-one, f '(x)  0  x  R
 f '(x) = 3x2 – 6x + (2 + 8)
 D  0  362 – 12 (2 + 8)  0
 22 – 8  0
  [–2, 2]
Largest value of  is 2.
Now, f (x) = x3 – 6x2 + 12x + 24
f (1) = 31
f (1)  f 1 (31)
 =8
4
39. For g(x) to be bijective
Clearly  > 0
and 4 + 2 = 7 + 2 4 + 2 = 7 +2 y = 7 + x
 2 – 2 – 3 = 0
 ( – 3)( + 1) = 0
x  11, x  2 y= x+2+2
 g(x) = 
3x  7, x  2 2
 f (x) is inverse of g(x)
and f (11) = g–1(11)
and g(x) = 11  x = 0  g–1(11) = 0
 e x  1 
40.  h(– x) = –Ax7 – B tan x + C  x +3

 e  1 
 ex  1 
= – Ax7 – B tan x – C  x
+ 3

 e  1 
 h(x) + h(–x) = 6
 h(–1) = 6
 h(1) = 0
 2

h sgn(1  sin x  sin x ) = h(1)  m = 0 Ans.
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M A T HE M A T I C S
DPP
DAILY PRACTICE PROBLEMS

E S T IN F OR MA T
I O
NO. 06
LIMIT
SINGLE CORRECT :
10 x  2x  5x  1
1. lim =
x 0 ncos x
(1) n2n5 (2) n2n5 (3) 2n2n5 (4) 2n2n5
2  3 cos x  sin x
2. lim =
x  / 6 (6x  )2
1 1 1 1
(1) (2) (3) (4)
6 36 2 9
12  2  32 – 42  52 – ....upto n terms
3. lim , (where n is odd) =
n n2
1 1
(1) (2) (3) –1 (4) 1
2 2
 1 1 
4. lim  2  
x
x 0  sin2 x 
1 1 1 1
(1)  (2)  (3)  (4) 
2 3 6 4
f(3h  3  h2 )  f(3)
5. If f’(3) = 4 and f’(1) = 2 then lim
x 0 f(3h  h2  1)  f(1)

(1) 2 (2) –2 (3) 3 (4) 1
en
6. Lim =
n n2
 1
1  
 n
1
(1) 1 (2) (3) e (4) e
2
2
cosec bx
7. The value of Lim(cos ax ) is
x 0
 8b2   8a 2   a2   b2 
       
 2 
 2   2  
 a   b   2b   2a 2 
(1) e (2) e (3) e (4) e
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tan 3 x  3 tan x
8. Let L = Lim . The number of proper divisors of | [ L ] | where [x] denotes the
x
  
3 cos x  
 6
greatest integer function, is
(1) 24 (2) 12 (3) 8 (4) 6
    
9. Lim (n ) ·ln  tan    equals
n   4 n 
(1) 4 (2) 2 (3) 2 (4) 4
sin x  2 cos x  2
10. Lim is equal to
x 0  x2
1 3 1 1
(1) (2) (3) (4)
3 4 12 6
cosec x
11. If Lim  1  a sin x  = 3, then a is
x 0
(1) ln 3 (2) ln 4 (3) ln 2 (4) log 2
 3 ln 2 x  5 ln x  6 
12. Lim   is equal to

x 0   1  ln 2 x 
(1) 0 (2) 3 (3) 1 (4) does not exist
1
If Lim  2n  n   2n  n  
2 2
13. where , then  is equal to
n    2
1
(1) –1 (2) 1 (3) (4) 2
2
 tan 3 x  2 tan x  1 
14. Lim   is equal to
 5
x  cot 1 ( 1)  tan x  2 tan x  1 

1 1 1
(1) 1 (2) (3) (4)
2 3 5
p sin 2 x  (1  cos 2x )
15. If Lim = 1, then p is equal to
x 0 x  tan x
(1) 0 (2) 1 (3) 2 (4) –2
3x 2  ax  a  1
16. Let L = Lim . If L is finite, then
x  2 x2  x  2
4 1
(1) L = (2) L = 13 (3) L = – 2 (4) L =
3 3
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( e  x ) l n ( e  x )  ( e  x ) l n ( e  x )  2e
17. The value of Lim is equal to
x 0 (1  cos x  sin x )
(1) 2e2 (2) 2 (3) 4e2 (4) 4
1  f ( x ) 3
18. Let f (x) = cos 2x · cos 4x · cos 6x · cos 8x · cos 10x, then Lim equals
x 0 5 sin 2 x
(1) 660 (2) 135 (3) 132 (4) 66
 x3  1 
19. If x    2
Lim  ax  b  = 2, then
 x 1 
(1) a = 1, b = 1 (2) a = 1, b = 2 (3) a = 1, b = –2 (4) None of these
1
20. Let f(x) = Lim 2n . Then the set of values of x for which f(x) = 0 is
n 3 
1
 tan 2x  5
 
(1) 2 x  3 (2) 2 x  3 (3) 2 x  3 (4) 2 x  3
sin( x 2 )
21. Lim is equal to
x0

ln cos(2 x 2  x ) 
(1) 2 (2) – 2 (3) 1 (4) – 1
 100 x   99 sin x  
22. The value of Lim     (where [ · ] represents the greatest integer function)
x  0   sin x 
  x  
is
(1) 199 (2) 198 (3) 0 (4) None of these
1  cos1  cos(1  cos x ) 

23. If Lim is finite then the maximum value of a is
x 0 xa
(1) 8 (2) 7 (3) 6 (4) 5
24. Let A(n) denote the sum of first n-terms of the sequence 3, 6, 11, 18, 27, ………. and B(n)
A (n )
denote the sum of first n-terms of the sequence 3, 7, 13, 21, ……… then Lim is equal to
n  B(n )
1 2
(1) (2) (3) 1 (4) 2
2 3
sin 2 5x · tan 3 4 x
25. Lim equals to
x 0 ln 5 (2 x  1)
(1) 25 (2) 50 (3) 75 (4) 100
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x
sin 1(1  cos x ). sec 
26. The value of Lim
 2  is equal to
x  ( x  )
1
(1) –1 (2) (3) 2 (4) –2
2
1
f (x ) g (x )
27. If Lim 2  3 and Lim  4 , then the value of Lim 1  f ( x ) g ( x ) is equal to
x 0 x x 0 1  cos x x 0
4 3
(1) e2 (2) e3 (3) e4 (4) e2
   
28. Lim    equals

x 0 4 x
 
2x e x  1  

2 2 2
(1) (2) (3) (4) none of these
2 4 8
  1 1p  m
29. Let Lim p ln  e 1    equal where m and n are relatively prime positive integer..
p    p  n
 
Find (m + n).
(1) 2 (2) 5 (3) 7 (4) 10
30. Let f(x) be a cubic polynomial and g(x) be a quadratic polynomial with same leading coefficient
f (x ) f (x)
and g(x) = 0 has roots  and . If Lim  1 and Lim  4 then  –  is equal to
x g (x ) x   g( x )
(1) 3 (2) 4 (3) 1 (4) 4
Numerical Value
 1 x2 
31 Let f(x) = cos1  
1 x2  .
 
If Lim  f (x )  does not exist, then the number of values of a are

xa
[Note : [x] denotes greatest integer function less than or equal to x.]
(x  c)4  x 4
32. The value of Lim when x = 2 is
c 0 c
 4x 2  16 x  16  m
33. Given that Lim  
x 2  3x 3  9 x 2  12  = n , where m and n are relatively prime natural numbers,
 
then the sum of m and n is equal to
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1
2  ex sin x
34. Let f(x) = 4
 , then Lim f ( x ) is equal to
|x| x0
1 ex
35. If Lim  Ax 2  12 x  Bx  = 3 (A, B > 0), then the value of (A + B), is

x   
 
 tan 2x  sin 2x 
36. The value of Lim   is equal to

x 
 
2 
x
 2 
2 ln x ln x
93  92 9
37. If Lim = ln(3p) · ln   where p & q  N, then the value of (p + q), is
x 1 ln x q
38. If Lim  ax 2  bx  cx    2 and c2 + a = 18, then the value of (a + b + 5c) is equal to

x   
ln  cos 3x  cos x 
39. The value of Lim is equal to
x  0 ln sin x
x
40. Lim 2 x  4 tan 1 (1  2 )    is equal to
x   
ANSWER KEY
1. (3) 2. (1) 3. (1) 4. (2) 5. (1) 6. (4) 7. (3)
8. (4) 9. (3) 10. (3) 11. (1) 12. (2) 13. (2) 14. (3)
15. (2) 16. (4) 17. (4) 18. (4) 19. (3) 20. (1) 21. (2)
22. (2) 23. (1) 24. (3) 25. (2) 26. (1) 27. (4) 28. (3)
29. (2) 30. (1) 31 (6) 32. (32) 33. (13) 34. (1) 35. (6)
36. (0) 37. (20) 38. (12) 39. (2) 40. (2)
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SOLUTION
5x.2x  2x  5x  1
1. lim
x 0 n(1  cos x  1)
(5x  1) (2x  1)
lim
x  0  n(1  cos x  1)
 (cos x  1)
cos x  1
(5x  1) (2x  1)
lim 
x 0 x x
cos x  1
x2
(n5)(n2)
 2n2.n5
= 1
2
2  3 cos x  sin x 0
2. lim , ( form)
x  / 6 (6x  )2 0
0  3 sin x  cos x 0
= lim ( form)
x  / 6 2(6x  ) 0
3 cos x  sin x
= xlim
 / 6 2 6
3 1 3 1
3  3 
= 2 2  2 2 1
2 6 26 6
–[1  2  3  ...  (n  1)]  n2

3. lim
n n2
n(n  1)
 n2
2 1 1
lim 2
 – 1
n n 2 2
x3 x 5
2 2 (sin x  x)(x   .....  ....  x)
4. sin x  x 3! 5
lim  
x 0 x 2 sin2 x x 2 sin2 x
 1 1
= 2   
 6 3
f(3h  3  h2 )  f(3)
5. lim
x  0 f(3h  h 2  1)  f(1)
0
L is  0  form by DLH Rule
 
f '(3h  3  h2 )(3  2h) 3f '(3) 4

L = xlim 2 = 3f '(1) = = 2
0 f '(3h  h  1)(3  2h) 2
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en en
6. Lim = Lim
n n2  1
 1 n n 2ln  1 
1   e  n
 n
 1
n n 2ln  1  1
 n
= Lim e ; Put n =
n  y
y ln (1 y ) 1
y2
= Lim e = e2 = e Ans.]
y 0
en
Alternatively: L = Lim
n  n2
 1
1  
 n
 2  1 
ln L = Lim  n  n ln 1   
n   n  
1
Put n= , we get ln L
y
y  ln (1  y)
= Lim  ln L
y 0 y2
 y2 
yy   ........
 2 
= Lim
  = 1
2 2
y 0 y
1
 L = e2 = e Ans.]
2
Limit cos ec bx (cos ax 1)
x 0
7. l= e
1  cos ax
now – Limit
x 0 sin 2 bx
sin 2 ax 1 a2
= – Limit . = –
x0 sin 2 bx 1  cos ax 2b 2
a2

l= e 2b2
tan x (tan 2 x  3)
8. Lim
x
  
3 cos   x 
6 
3 (tan x  3 ) (tan x  3 )
= Lim
x
  
3 cos   x 
6 
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
put x = –h
3
   
3  2 3  tan  h   3 
Lim  3  
h 0 sin h
6 3  tan h 
= Lim    3 
h 0  h   1  3 tan h
 
6
= Lim
h 0 h
 3  tan h  3  3 tan h 
6
= Lim  4 tan h = – 24.
h 0 h
| [L] | = 24 = 23 · 3
 Number of divisors of | [L] | = 8
 Number of proper divisors of | [L] |
= 8 – 2 = 6. Ans.]
n
    
9. Lim ln  tan   (1 form)
n   4 n 
   
Lim n · tan    1
Lim ln e  4 n 
n 
=
n
  
 1  tan 
= Lim n  n  1 
n   
 1  tan 
 n 

n ·2 tan 
= Lim n ; =x
n    n
1  tan 
 n
 tan x 
= 2 Lim   = 2 Ans.]
x 0  x (1  tan x ) 

10. Use expansion.
cosec x
11. 3 = Lim  1  a sin x  [1 form]
x 0
3 = Lim ecosec x · a sin x = ea

x 0
 ea = 3  a = loge3 = ln 3.
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 3 ln 2 x  5 lnx  6   
12. Lim    form 
 2  
x 0  ln x  1  
 5 6 
 3  2 
ln x ln x
= Lim   = 3 Ans. ]
x 0  1 
 1  ln 2 x 
 
13. Lim  2n 2  n   2n 2  n   1
n    2
Here,  > 0.
So, Lim
2n 2

 n  2 (2n 2  n )
n   2n 2  n   2n 2  n 
 
2n 2 (1  2 )  n (1  2 )
= Lim
n  1 1
n 2  2 
 n n
For existence of limit  = 1 as  > 0
2 1
and l = =  = 1. Ans.]
2 2 2
 tan3 x  2 tan x  1   0 
14. Lim    form 
5  0
x   tan x  2 tan x  1   
3
4
 (tan x  1) (tan 2 x  tan x  1) 

= Lim  
3 (tan x  1) (tan 4 x  tan 3 x  tan 2 x  tan x  1) 
x
4
 
(1) 2  (1)  1 1
= 4 3 2 =
(1)  (1)  (1)  (1)  1 3
p sin 2 x  (1  cos 2x ) 0 
15. Lim = 1  form 
x 0 x  tan x 0 
 sin 2 x   1  cos 2x 
2p   
 2x   x  1
 Lim
x 0  tan x 
1  
 x 
2p  0
 = 1 p = 1 Ans.]
11
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3x 2  ax  a  1
16. We have f (x) =
( x  2)(x  1)
As x  – 2, Dr  0 so as x  – 2, Nr  0
 12 – 2a + a + 1 = 0  a = 13
3x 2  13x  14
Now Lim
x 2 ( x  2)(x  1)
(3x  7)(x  2) 1
= Lim =
x 2 ( x  2)( x  1) 3
(e  x )ln (e x )  (e  x ) ln (e  x )  2e
17. Lim
x 0  1  cos x sin x 
  x
 x x 
2
e ln (e x )   (e  x ) ln (e  x )  2e
= Lim
x 0 x
Using L'Hospitals rule
==
2 1 1
e ln (e  x )  ·2 ln (e  x ) ·  (e  x ) ·  ln (e  x )
(e  x ) (e  x )
Lim
x 0 1
1 e
=e·2 + + 1 = 4 Ans. ]
e e
18. Lim
1  f ( x) 1  f (x )  f 2 ( x) 
x 0  sin 2 x 
5 2  ·x 2
 x 
3  1  f (x) 
= Lim 
5 x 0  x 2 
3  1  cos 2 x ·cos 4x ·cos 6 x ·cos 8x ·cos10x 
= Lim  
5 x 0  x2 
3  22  42  62  82  102 
= · 
5  2 
3 2  12  22    52  6 5·6·11
= 2  = 5 6
5  2 
= 66 Ans. ]
 x3 1 
19. Lim  2  ax  b  = 2
x   x 1
 
x 3 1  a   bx 2  ax  (1  b)
 Lim =2
x x2 1
 1 – a = 0 and – b = 1
 a = 1, b = – 2. ]
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1
20. Given f(x) = Lim 2n
=0
n  3 
1
 tan 2x  5
 
n
 3 2
1  
  tan 2 x    
   
2
3 1 
  tan 2 x   1
 

 tan 1 2x 
3
 
 tan 1 2x   1
or tan 2x 
3 3
2x   3 or 2x  3
 2x  3 . ]
sin( x 2 )
21. Lim
x0

ln cos(2 x 2  x ) 
sin( x 2 )
= Lim
x 0   2x 2  x  
log 1  2 sin 2  

 2
  
sin( x 2 ) x 2
= Lim
x0   2x 2  x  
x 2 log 1  2 sin 2  

 2 x 2  x 
  2   2
 
   2 sin  2 
2
 2 x 2  x    
 2 sin  
 2 
 x2
= Lim
x0  2x 2  x 
2 sin 2  
  2x 2  x 2
 2  
2 2  2 
 2x  x   
 
 2 
 
2x 2
= Lim 
x0 ( 2 x 2  2)
2
= Lim   2
x0 (2x  1) 2
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sin x
22. We know that Lim 1
x0 x
x
and Lim 1
x  0 sin x
 x   sin x 
So, Lim 100   Lim 99 = 100 + 98 = 198. ]
x0  sin x  x  0  x 
1 cos y 1
23. Using the limit y  0 2 =
y 2
We have, Lim
1  cos1  cos(1  cos x  ·1  cos(1  cos x)2
x 0 1  cos(1  cos x) 2 xa
2
1  1  cos(1  cos x ) [(1  cos x )]4
= · Lim   ·
2 x 0  (1  cos x) 2  xa
8 4
1  1  cos x  x
= Lim   ·
8 x 0  x 2  x a
1
l= Lim x8  a
128 x 0
For finite limit 8 – a  0  a8
24. The nth term tn of 3, 6, 11, 18, 27, ...... is tn = n2 + 2.

n
So, A (n) =  ( n 2  2)
n 1
n
= ( 2n 2  3n  13)
6
Also, nth term t'n of 3, 7, 13, 21, ..... is
t'n = n2 + n + 1
n
So, B (n) =  (n 2  n  1)
n 1
n 2
= (n  3n  5)
3
A( n )
 Lim = 1 Ans.]
n  B(n )
sin 2 5x 3
2 tan 4 x 64x 3
25. Lim · 25x · ·
x 0 25x 2 64x 3 ln (1  2 x ) · (2 x )5
(2 x )5
25  64
= = 50. Ans.]
32
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sin 1 (cos x  1)
26. Lim
x  x
( x  ) cos 
2
= Lim
sin 1
(1  cos h ) (1  cos h )= –1
h 0  h
 sin 
 h 2 (1  cos h ) h
 h  2
 2 
1
27. Lim 1  f ( x )  g(x ) (1) = e, where
x 0
 f (x)   0  3
 = Lim     = (using given limits)
x 0  g ( x )   0  2
   
28. Lim  

x 0 4 x
 2 x e x  1   

   2 
= Lim  1 
x 0  4 x 
 ex  1 
   e x  1  2  
  
= Lim  ( –  form)
x 0 4 x 

x

 e  1  


2  (e x  1)  2
= Lim   = . Ans.]
8 x 0  x  8
 e1  (1 p) 
29. l = Lim p n  
p ( × 0 form)
p 
 1  (1 x )  
  1  1 
= Lim p 1  n1    pn 1   
p   p  p    

1
put x = ; as p , t  0
t
1 n (1  t ) 
Hence l = Lim 1  n (1  t )  
t 0 t t 
 / t t  n (1  t ) 
= Lim n (1  t )  
t 0  t2 
 e y 1  y 
= 1 + y 0 
Lim 2
 where ln(1 + t) = y; 1 + t = ey , hence t = e4 – 1

 y 
1 3 m
= 1+ = =
2 2 n
 (m + n) = 5 Ans.]
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30. Let g(x) = a (x – ) (x – )
(Let leading coefficient be a)
f (x) f (x)
 Lim  1 and Lim 1
x g( x ) x   g(x )
 f(x) = 0 should have  and  as its roots.

Let  be third roots of f(x) = 0
 f(x) = a (x – ) (x – ) (x – ) ( leading coefficients are same)
f (x)
 Lim 1
x g( x )
a (x   ) (x  ) (x   )
 Lim 1
x a ( x  ) ( x  )
 –  = 1 .........(1)
f (x)
and Lim  4
x  g( x )
a ( x   ) ( x  ) ( x   )
 Lim 4
x  a ( x   ) ( x  )
 –=4 .........(2)
from (2) – (1), we get
 –  = 3. Ans.]

y=3
y=2
31 y=1
 Number of values of a are 6. Ans.]
x 4  4 x 3c  6 x 2 c2  4 x 3c3  c4  x 4
32. Lim
c 0 c
= 4x3 = 32 when x = 2. Ans.]
4 ( x  2) 2 4
33. Lim 2
= Lim
x 2 3 ( x  2) ( x  1) x 2 3 ( x  1)
4 m
= 
9 n
 (m + n) = 13. Ans.]
34. f (0+) = Lim f (0  h )

h 0
 1 
 2  e h sin h 
= Lim  4
 
h 0  h 
 1 eh 
 
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 1 
 2 e h  1 sin h  0 1
= Lim  1 3
 = +1
h 0  h  0
 e h  eh 
 
=0+1=1
 1 
 2  e h   sin h  
f(0–) = Lim  4
 
h 0   h 
 1 e h 
 
20
= –1=2–1=1
1 0
Hence, f(0+) = f(0–) = 1. Ans.]
35. Given, Lim  Ax 2  12 x  Bx  = 3 ( – ) (A, B > 0)

x   
 (A  B2 ) x 2  12 x 
 Lim   =3
x   2 
 Ax  12x  Bx 
So, for the given limit to exist, A = B2 ......(1)
 
 
 12
Also, Lim  B = 3
x   12 
 A 
 x 
 4= A + B .....(2)
 On solving (1) and (2),
we get A = 4, B = 2
Hence, (A + B) = 6 Ans.]
 
 tan 2x  sin 2x   0 
36. Lim   ;
 
x  x
   0 
2
 2 

Put x = h
2
   
tan 2  h   sin 2  h 
= Lim 2  2 
h 0 h
 tan 2h sin 2h 
= Lim    = 2 – 2 = 0 Ans.]
h 0  h h 
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2 ln x ln x
93  92
37. Lim
x 1 ln x
ln x
92  92ln x 2ln x  1 2 ln x
  ·  3  2ln 
= Lim  ln x 
x 1 32 ln x  2ln x  
  32ln x  1   2ln x  1  
= 9 · ln 9 Lim 2  
x 1   2 l n x   ln x  
    
9
= 9 ln 9(2 ln 3 – ln 2) = ln(318) ln  
 2
 p + q = 18 + 2 = 20 Ans. ]
38. Lim  ax 2  bx  cx    2 ( – )
x   
(a  c 2 ) x 2  bx
 Lim = –2
x  ax 2  bx  cx
 a = c2
As, c2 + a = 18  a = 9
b
Also, = –2  b = –12, c = 3
a c
So, (a + b + 5c) = 12 Ans. ]
ln (  cos 3x  cos x )
39. Lim =2 ]
x 0  ln sin x
 tan 1 (1  2  x )  tan 1 (1)

 
40. Lim 4   x
x  2
 1  ( 2 x )  1 
4 tan 1 
 1  (1  2  x ) ·(1) 
 
= Lim  x
x  2
 1  x
= Lim 4 tan 1 x  ·2
x 
 2 ·2  1 
 1   2x 
tan 1 x  
  1  2 ·2 x


 2 · 2  1   
= Lim 4
x  1
1  2 ·2 x
4
= =2 ]
2
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MA TH EM ATI C S
DPPDAILY PRACTICE P ROBLEMS

EST I NF
ORM AT IO NO. 07
CONTINUITY & DIFFERENTIABILITY
SINGLE CORRECT :
 


3 1  tan x  tan x
;
1
2
x0

1. If f(x) =   ;x0
6

sin x
  sin x  2
 3 1  3  ;0x
3
  
is a continuous function at x = 0, then the ordered pair (, ) is equal to
 2  3
(1) (2, e2) (2)  2,  (3) (2, 3e2) (4)  2, 
 e2   e2 
sin (e x  2  1)
2. If f(x) = , x  2 is continuous at x = 2, then f (2) =
ln ( x  1)
(1) 0 (2) 2 (3) 1 (4)  2
 2sin x  2tan x
if x  0
3. Let f (x) =  tan x  sin x .

k if x  0
If f (x) is continuous at x = 0, then the value of k, is
1 1 1
(1) ln 2 (2) ln  (3) (4)
 2 ln 2 ln 2
x{x}  1 0  x 1
4. Consider the function f (x) =
 where {x} denotes the fractional part
 2  {x} 1 x  2
function. Then
(1) f (x) is discontinuous at x = 1.
(2) f (0) = f (2)
(3) f (x) has an isolated point discontinuity at x = 1.
(4) f (x) is discontinuous in [0, 2]
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a  bx for x  2

5. If f (x) =  3 for x  2 is continuous at x = 2 then the value of a and b respectively are
 b  ax 2 for x  2
1 4 1 5 1 5
(1) , (2) , (3) , (4) – 1, – 1
3 3 3 3 3 3
x 3 , x 1
6. Let f(x) =  2 .
ax  bx  c, x 1
If f "(x) is continuous everywhere, then which one of the following is correct?
(1) a = 3, b = – 3, c = 1 (2) a = – 3, b = 3, c = 1
(3) a = 3, b = 3, c = – 2 (4) cannot be determined
7. If the derivative of the function f(x) is everywhere continuous and is given by
bx 2  ax  4; x  1
f(x) =  2 , then
ax  b; x  1
(1) a = 2, b = 3 (2) a = 3, b = 2 (3) a = –2, b = –3 (4) a = –3, b = –2
8. Which one of the following function is continuous?
1 1  1
 sin , x0 sin , x  0
(1) f(x) =  x x (2) f(x) =  x
1, x 0 1, x0
 1  1
x sin , x0 x sin , x0
(3) f(x) =  x (4) f(x) =  x
0, x 0 1, x 0
9. Let f (x) = –1 + |x – 2| and g(x) = 1 – |x|, then the set of all points where (fog)(x) is discontinuous
is
(1) {0, 1, 2} (2) {0, 2} (3) {0} (4) an empty set
10. Which one of the following statement is incorrect?

[Note : {x} and [x] denotes fractional part of x and greatest integer less than or equal to
x respectively.]
 1
x sin  , x0
(1) f(x) =  x (2) y = | x | is a continuous function.
 0, x 0
is continuous in its domain.
1 1
(3) f(x) =  is continuous in (– , 0]. (4) f(x) = {2x} + [2x] is a continuous function.
x |x|
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1
 x
 cot x    , x    1 , 1   {0}
    
11. If the function f (x) =   4    2 2 is continuous at x = 0,

 k , x 0

then k is equal to
(1) e–3 (2) e–2 (3) e2 (4) e3
x 2  px  1, x is rational
12. If the function f (x) =  2
px  2 x  q, x is irrational
is continuous at x = 1 and x = 2, then (p + q) is equal to
1 2 3 5
(1) (2) (3) (4)
2 3 4 4
1  2 x 2  2 cos x  cos 2 x
, x0
13. Let f (x) =  x 2 .

 k, x0
If f (x) is continuous at x = 0 then k is equal to

(1) – 2 (2) – 1 (3) 2 (4) 1
14. Let [x] denote the integral part of x  R and g(x) = x  [x]. Let f(x) be any continuous function with
f(0) = f(1), then the function h(x) = f(g(x)) :
(1) has finitely many discontinuities (2) is continuous on R
(3) is discontinuous at some x = c (4) is a constant function.
15. If f(x) = [x2] + {x}2 , where [.] and {.} denote the greatest integer and fractional part functions
respectively, then-
(1) f(x) is continuous at all integral points (2) f(x) is continuous and differentiable at x = 0
(3) f(x) is discontinuous for all x  – {1} (4) f(x) is not differentiable for all x   .
  cot x 
 x  x2 , 0  | x |  1
16. Let f (x) =  .
 1
, x0
 3
If f (x) is continuous at x = 0, then find the value of (22).

(1) 2 (2) 4 (3) 6 (4) 8
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  1 
x 2 e x  ; x  0
17. If f ( x )    
  
k ; x0
is continuous at x = 0, then
[Note : {x} denotes fractional part of x.]
(1) f(x) is differentiable at x = 0
(2) k = 1
(3) f(x) is continuous but not differentiable at x = 0
(4) f(x) is continuous every where in its domain.
10  x 2 if  3  x  3

18. Given f (x) = 
 2  e x 3 if x 3
The graph of f (x) is
(1) continuous and differentiable at x = 3 (2) continuous but not differentiable at x = 3
(3) differentiable but not continuous at x = 3 (4) neither differentiable nor continuous at x = 3
e x  a for x  0

19. If f (x) =  , is
 x  3 for x  0
differentiable at x = 0 then 'a' equals
(1) – 2 (2) – 3 (3) – 4 (4) none
20. Let f : R  R be a function defined by f(x) = min. x  1, x  1 .  

Then which one of the following is true?
(1) f(x)  1  x  R. (2) f(x) is not differentiable at x = 1.
(3) f(x) is differentiable for  x  R. (4) f(x) is not differentiable at x = 0.
21. Let f (x) be continuous and differentiable function for all reals.
f (h )
f (x + y) = f (x) – 3xy + f (y). If Lim = 7, then the value of f ' (x) is
h 0 h
(1) – 3x (2) 7 (3) – 3x + 7 (4) 2 f (x) + 7
x 3  2 x 2  ax  6, x 1
22. If f(x) = 
 2 x  b, x 1
is differentiable for all x  R, then the value of (a + b) is equal to
(1) – 3 (2) 7 (3) 5 (4) 2
1
 f (x  h )  h
23. Let f(x) be a differentiable function such that Lim   = e(tan x) f (– x) and f (0) = 1,
h 0  f ( x ) 
then the value of f ' (0) is equal to

(1) 0 (2) 1 (3) e (4) – e
x 2  2x (k  1)  2, x 1
24. If f (x) =  is continuous and differentiable, then the value of k is
x  1, x 1
1 1
(1) 0 (2) (3) (4) no such value exists
2 2
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25.  
If f(x) = x x  x  1 , then indicate the correct alternative(s) :
(1) f(x) is conti. but not differentiable at x = 0(2) f(x) is differentiable at x = 0
(3) f(x) is not differentiable at x = 0 (4) none
 sin( p  1) x  sin x
 , x0
 x

26. The value of p and q for which the function f (x) =  q, x 0
 2
 xx  x , x 0
 x3 / 2
is continuous for all x in R, is
5 1 3 1 1 3 1 3
(1) p = ,q= (2) p = ,q= (3) p = ,q= (4) p = ,q=
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
 ax  b, x  1
27. If f (x) =  3
ax  x  2b, otherwise
is differentiable in (– , ) then (ab) is equal to
1 1
(1) (2) 0 (3) (4) 2
2 2
28. The function f (x) = x  2 2 x  4 + x  2 2x  4 is differentiable at all points of its

domain except at x =
(1) 2 (2) 3 (3) 4 (4) 10
1
29. A differentiable function f is satisfying the relation f(x+y) = f(x) + f(y) + 2xy(x+y) – x, y  R .
3
4
and f’(0) = , then f(x) =
3
4 4x 4x 2x3
(1) +x2 (2) + x2 (3) + (4) 0
3 3 3 3
 sin{cos x} 
 x   / 2 , x  2
30. If f(x) =   , where {.} represents the fractional part function, then
1 , x
 2
 lim 
(1) f(x) is continuous at x = (2) x
 f(x) exists , but f is not continuous at x =
2 2 2
lim lim
(3) x
 f(x) does not exist. (4) x
 f(x) = 1
2 2
NUMERICAL VALUE
31. If f(x) takes only rational values for all real x and is continuous, then the value of f(10) is
 Lim (6 t  10 t )1t ; x  0

32. If f (x) =  t  is a continuous function and has a minimum value 6 then find
x 2  px  c ; x0
| p | c
the value of  .
 2 
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33. Number of points where the function f (x) = (x2 – 1) | x2 – x – 2 | + sin( | x | ) is not differentiable,
is
2x  tan 1 x  a ,    x  0
34. Let g(x) =  3 2 .
x  x  bx , 0x
If g(x) is differentiable for all x  (–, ) then (a2 + b2) is equal to
 k, x 3
 3 2
35. Let f(x) =  2x  3x  32 x  15
 , x 3
 (x  3)
The value of k for which f(x) is continuous for all real values of x, is
36. If f( x + y) = f(x) + f(y) + c, for all real x and y and f(x) is continuous at x = 0 and f ' (0) = 1 then f '
(x) equals to
f (4 x )
37. Let f : (1, )  (0, ) be a continuous decreasing function with Lim 1.
x  f (8x )
f (6 x )
Then Lim is equal to
x f (8x )
1 1
38. If y = 2 where t = , then number of points where f(x) is discontinuous is
t  2t  15 x2
|| x | 3 |, for | x | 4
39. If f(x) = 5 | x | for | x | 4
, then number of points where f(x) is non-differentiable is

 x 2  5x   ,   x  0

40. Given f (x) = | 7  3x |  sin[ x ], 0  x 1
 x  2, 1 x

where ,   R and [x] denotes the greatest integer less than or equal to x. If f (x) is continuous
for all x  R, then find ( – ).
ANSWER KEY
1. (3) 2. (3) 3. (2) 4. (4) 5. (2) 6. (1) 7. (1)
8. (3) 9. (4) 10. (3) 11. (2) 12. (1) 13. (1) 14. (2)
15. (1) 16. (1) 17. (1) 18. (2) 19. (3) 20. (3) 21. (3)
22. (1) 23. (1) 24. (4) 25. (2) 26. (2) 27. (1) 28. (3)
29. (3) 30. (3) 31. 0 32. 7 33. 2 34. 9 35. 40
36. 1 37. 1 38. 3 39. 5 40. 5

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SOLUTION
 


3 1  tan x  tan x
;
1
2
x0

1. We have f (x) =   ;x0
6

sin x
  sin x  2
 3 1  3  ;0x
3
  
Now, R.H.L. = f (0+)

6
| sin x |  |sin x|
= Lim f ( x )  Lim 31    3e 2 .
x 0 x 0  3 
Similarly, L.H.L = f(0–) = Lim f ( x ) = 3e

x 0
So, for the function f(x) to be continuous at x = 0, we must have f(0+) = f(0–) = f(0)
 3e = 3e2 =  So,  = 2,  = 3e2.
2. Put x = 2 + h
sin (e h  1)
f(0+) = Lim
h  0 ln (1  h )
eh  1 h
= Lim  =1
h 0 h ln (1  h )
Put x = 2 – h
sin (e  h  1)
f(0–) = Lim
h 0 ln (1  h )
 e h  1    h 
= h 0 
Lim 
  ln (1  h )  = 1.
  h   
 f(2) = 1 as f(x) is continuous at x = 2.
 2sin x  2tan x
3. f (x) =  tan x  sin x if x  0

k if x  0
f(0+) = Lim

2 tan x 2sin x  tan x  1 
= – ln 2;
x 0 (tan x  sin x )
f (0–) = f (0) = k = f (0+)
1
 k = – ln 2 = ln   Ans.]
2
4. f (1+) = f(1–) = f (1) = 2
f (0) = 1, f (2) = 2
–
f (2 ) = 1; f (2) = 2
 f is not continuous at x = 2 Ans. ]
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5. a + 2b = 3 and b – 4a = 3. ]
6. Continuity of f(x) at x = 1
 a+b+c=1
Continuity of f '(x) at x = 1
 3 = 2a + b
Continuity of f "(x) at x = 1
 6 = 2a  a = 3
Hence, b = – 3 and c = 1. Ans.]
7. Here,
2bx  a , x  1
f '(x) = 
2ax, x  1
Given, f '(x) is continuous everywhere,
 Lim f ' (x ) = Lim f ' ( x )
x   1 
x  1
 – 2b + a = – 2a  3a = 2b ......(1)
Also, Lim f ( x ) = Lim  f ( x )
x  1 x  1
 b – a + 4 = a + b  2a = 4  a = 2 ......(2)
Hence b = 3 [from equation 1]. Ans.]
8. In option (3), f(0) = 0 and Lim f ( x )

x0
1
= Lim x sin =0  f(x) is continuous at x = 0.]
x0 x
9. f (x) = –1 + |x – 2| g(x) = 1 – |x|

fog(x) = –1 + 1 | x | 2 = –1 + 1 | x |
= –1 + 1 + |x|
fog (x) = |x| which is continuous always.
10. (1) Lim f (x ) = f (0) = 0

x0
 f is continuous at x = 0
(2) f (0) is not defined.
(3) x
y = |x|
y
y = 2x
x
(4) f (x) = 2x, O
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1
    x
11. Here, k = Lim  cos x    (1)
x 0   4 
= e , where
 cot x  1  1
 = Lim   1 ·
x 0  cot x  1  x
2
= Lim
x 0 x ·(1  cot x ) = – 2
 k = e–2 ]
12. Here, x = 1 and x = 2 are roots of the equation x2 + px + 1 = px2 + 2x + q

(p – 1) x2 + (2 – p) x + (q – 1) = 0
p2 1
 = 3 p =
p 1 2
q 1
and =2 q = 0
p 1
1 1
so, (p + q) = +0 = Ans.]
2 2
1  2x 2  2 cos x  cos2 x
13. Lim
x 0 x2
(cos x  1) 2  2 x 2
= Lim
x 0 x2
  cos x  1  2 
Lim    2 
= x 0  x  = – 2. Ans. ]
  
14. g(x) = x – [x] = {x}  [0, 1)

g(x) is discontinuous only at x  I
Now h(x) = fog(x)
h(x) is continuous  x  R – I
Let x  I, consider x = n
h(n) = f [g(n)] = f(0)
lim f[{x}] = f(1) = f(0)
x  n
lim h (n) = f[{n}] = f(0)

x  n
 h(x) is continuous  x  I
 h(x) is continuous  x  R
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15. x 1 x 1 
lim f(x) = lim [x 2 ]  {x} 2 
 xlim
1
(1 + 0) = 1

 lim f(x)
x 1
 lim (0 + 1) = 1
x 1
and f(1) = 1
 lim f(x) = f(1)
x 1
 continuous at x = 1
similarly we check for another integers
1 x · cot x   1 x   tan x 1
16. Lim f ( x )   Lim 2
  Lim 2 
x 0 3 x 0 x 3 x 0 x ·tan x 3
 x3 
x   x    

 3  = 1
 Lim
x 0  tan x  3
x3  
 x 

(  )x    x 3  
3 1
 Lim =
x 0 x3 3
So, ( + ) = 0
Also,  = 1   = –1
Hence, (2 + 2) = 2 ]
17. Lim f (x ) = 0
x0
 x 0
 
 Lim x 2  0 and e1 x is a bounded function 

 k=0
f ( 0  h )  f ( 0)
Now, f ' (0) = Lim
h0 h
= Lim h e
h 0
1h
 
= 0  f ' (0) = 0 Ans.
1 1
Note that f (x) is discontinuous at x = ± , ± and so on.]
ln 2 ln 3
18. f ' (3+) =

f (3  h )  f (3) (2  e h ) 1  eh 1 
Lim  Lim   Lim  
h 0 h h 0 h h 0  h 
 
=–1
f ' (3–) =
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f(3  h)  f(3) 10  (3  h)2  1
Lim  Lim
h 0 h h 0 h
1  (6h  h2 )  1
 Lim
h 0 h
(6 h  h 2 ) h ( h  6) 6
= Lim  Lim  =–3
h 0
 h ( 1  6h  h 2  1) h 0
h ( 1  6h  h 2  1) 2
Hence f ' (3+)  f ' (3–)  (2)
19. for continuity at x = 0

Lim f (0  h ) = Lim f (0  h ) = f (0)
h 0 h 0
Lim e  h  a = – 3
h0
 a = – 4 ; For the value of a, f is diff at x = 0
20. 
f(x) = min. x  1, x  1 = x + 1  x  R 
y= y
–x
+1 y=x+1
x
O(0,0)
f ( x  h )  f ( x ) f ( h )  3xh
21. f ‘ (x) = 
h h
= 7 – 3x Ans. ]
22. f (1–) = f(1)  a+9=2+b  b–a=7 .....(1)

Also L.H.D. of f at x = 1
= slope of line 2x – y + b = 0
 3+4+a=2
 a = –5  b = 2.
Therefore (a + b) = –3 Ans.]
1
 f (x  h )  h
23. Lim   = e(tan x) f (– x) (Given)
h0  f (x ) 
1  f ( x h )  f ( x ) 
Lim  
h 0 h  f ( x) 
e = e(tan x) f (– x)
f '( x )
f (x )
e = e(tan x) f (– x)
f ' (x )
 = (tan x) f (– x)
f (x)
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f ' (0)
Put x = 0  =0
f (0)
 f ' (0) = 0
 f ' (0) = 0 Ans.]
24. For continuity only at x = 0 (x  0)

1
k= and for then value of k, f is not differentiable.  (4)]
2
25. f ' (0+) = Lim


h h  h 1  0 
=–1  (2)
h 0 h
Note: f ' (0–) is not to be checked it is not in the domain ]
26. f (0–) = (P + 1) + 1 = P + 2
f (0) = q
1  x 1
f (0+) = Lim
x 0  x
1 1
= Lim =
x  0 1 x 1 2
1 3
q= ; P+2=q  P=
2 2
[for continuous f n : f(0–) = f (0) = f (0+)]
27. –a + b = –a – 1 + 2b  b = 1 (using continuity of f at x = –1)

Also, f '(–1–) = a
f '(–1+) = 3a + 1
1
 a = 3a + 1  a =
2
 1  1
So, (ab) =   (1) = Ans. ]
2
  2
28. f (x) = x  2 2x  4 +
x  2 2x  4
Domain of function = [ 2, )
 2 2; x  [ 2, 4)
Here f (x) = x2  2 + x2  2 = 
 2 x  2 ; x  [ 4,  )
Clearly, f is non-derivable at x = 4. ]
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1
29. f(x+y) = f(x) + f(y) + 2xy(x+y) –
3
Differentiating both sides w.r.t. x treating y as
constant.
f’(x+y) = f’(x) + 4xy + 2y2
Replacing y by x and x by 0
f’(x) = f’(0) + 2x2
4
f’(x) = + 2x2
3
4 2
f(x) = x+ x3
3 3
 
30. R.H.L = hLim
 0
f   h
2 
sin(1– sinh)
= hLim
 0  
h
  
 L.H.L = hLim
f  – h
 0
2 
sin(sinh)
= hLim
 0 
–h
 sin(sinh) sinh 
= hLim
 0  
  =1×–1=–1
 sinh –h 
L.H.L  R.H.L
31. f(0) = constant

f(0) = 0  x  R
f(10) = 0
1/ t
  6 t 
32. f(0) = Lim 10     1 = 10
t 
  10  
 C = 10
D p 2  4  10
f(x)|min = =– =6
4a 4
 p2 – 40 = –24  p2 = 16
 | p |  c  4  10
 = = 7]
 2  2
33. not derivable at x = 0 and 2
34. a= 0, b = 3  a2 + b2 = 9. Ans.]
2x 3  3x 2  32x  15
35. f(x) = has a removable discontinuity at 3.
( x  3)
2 ( x  3) ( x  5) ( x  0.5)
 f(3) = = 2 (x + 5) (x – 0.5) = 2 (8) (2.5) = 40. Ans.]
( x  3)
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f (0  h)  f (0)
36. f ' (0)  lim  1 also f(0)
h 0 h
= c f ' (x)
f (x  h)  f (x) f ( x )  f (h )  c  f ( x )
= Lim  Lim
h 0 h h  0 h
f ( h )  f ( 0)
= Lim = f '(0) = 1
h 0 h
 f ' (x) = 1
37. As f(x) is a continuous decreasing positive function on (1, ) , so
0 < f(8x) < f(6x) < f(4x)
f (6 x ) f ( 4 x ) y
 0 1 
f (8x ) f (8x )
f (6 x ) f (4 x )
 Lim 1  Lim  Lim
x  x  f (8x ) x   f (8x )
x
O 1 4x 6x 8x
 By squeeze play theorem, Lim f (6x )  1
x   f (8 x )
1
38. x=2 t=
x2
1
Also y = is discontionuous at t
(t  5)(t  3)
= – 5 and t = 3
1 9
when t = – 5   5  x 
x2 5
1 7
when t = 3  3x
x2 3
so, y = f(x) is discontinuous at three points :
9 7
x = 2, ,
5 3
(0,3)
(–4,1) (4,1)
39. 5 –4 –3 0 3 4
f(x) is not differentiable at 5 points
40. Apply continuity of f(x) at x = 0, 1. We get  = 7,  = 2

So, ( – ) = (7 – 2) = 5 Ans.
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M AT H E M AT I CS
DPP

E S T IN F OR
M TI O
A NO. 08
METHOD OF DIFFERENTIATION
SINGLE CORRECT :
 2  3
1. Let f(x) = cos–1  2x 1  x  then f '   equals

  2
 
1 1
(1) – 4 (2) 4 (3) (4)
4 4
1
2. Let f be a function satisfying 2f (ln x) + f (1 – ln x) = 1 + x2, x > 0 then f '   equals
 2
3e e 4e
(1) (2) (3) 2e (4)
2 2 3
3. Let f and g be differentiable function on R such that g(1) = 1 = g'(1) and f '(0) = 3.
If h(x) = f 2 x g( x )  cos x  1 , then h'(1) equals
(1) 8 (2) 12 (3) 24 (4) 36
( x  1)( x  2) 2
4. If f (x) = then f '(0) is equal to
( x  3)3 (x  4) 4
(1) 0 (2) f (0) (3) 2f (0) (4) 4f (0)
 1
5. If f (x) = 2 sin
1

1  x  sin 1 2 x (1  x) where x   0 , 
 2

then f ' (x) has the value equal to
2 2
(1) x (1  x) (2) zero (3)  x (1 x) (4) 
x4  x2 1 dy
6. If y = 2 and = ax + b then the value of a + b is equal to
x  3x  1 dx
5 5 5 5
(1) cot (2) cot (3) tan (4) tan
8 12 12 8
 dy 
7. If y = y(x) and it follows the relation x2x – 2xx cot y – 1 = 0. Then   equals
 dx   
 1, 
 2
(1) – 1 (2) 1 (3) ln 2 (4) – ln 2
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1  2x 4 1  4x
8. If y = 3 then y ' (0) equals
1  3x 5 1  5 x 7 1  7 x
(1) 0 (2) 1 (3) – 1 (4) 2
 2x  1   x  2x 
9. If f(x) = cos–1 
4 x  2
 + tan–1 


 1  2 x 3 / 2  and g(x) = tan
–1
 
2x , then derivative of f(x)
   
with respect to g(x) at x = 2 is
2 2 2 1
(1) (2) (3) 2 (4)
5 5 10
10. Let f : (– 5, 5)  R be a differentiable function with f(4) = 1, f '(4) = 1, f(0) = – 1 and f '(0) = 1.
 2
 2
If g(x) = f (2f ( x )  2) , then g'(0) equals
(1) 4 (2) – 4 (3) 8 (4) – 8
dy
11. If (6x2 – 5xy + y2) (x2 – y2 + 2x) = 0 and l = Lim , then sum of all possible values of l is
x  dx
(1) 3 (2) 5 (3) 6 (4) 7
dy
12. Let f '(x) = sin x2 and y = f(x2 + 1) then at x = 2 is
dx
(1) 0 (2) 1 (3) 4 sin 5 (4) 4 sin 25
13. If ln (x + y) = 2xy, then y ' (0) =

(1) 1 (2) –1 (3) 2 (4) 0
14. A function f satisfies the relation f(x) = f "(x) + f "'(x) + ......  where f(x) is a differentiable
function indefinitely. If f(1) = 5 then the value of f '(1) + f "(1) is equal to
(1) 0 (2) – 5 (3) 5 (4) cannot be determined
x
15. Let f(x) = x5 + e 3 and g(x) = f –1(x) then the value of g'(1) is
1 1
(1) 1 (2) (3) 3 (4)
3 8
dy
16. If ex + ey = ex+y then is not equal to
dx
xy  1  ey  1  ey
(1) e  
 (2) (3) ey – 1 (4)
 e x
 1  1  ex ex
4 d
17. Let f (x) = | x  2 |  4  1 and g (x) = 2 . The value of gf ( x )  at x = 0 is
x dx
(1) – 4 (2) – 8 (3) 4 (4) does not exist.
 d2 y   d 2x 
18. If a curve is represented parametrically by the equations x = f (t) and y = g(t) then  2   
 dy 2 
 dx   
is equal to (where f ' (t)  0, g ' (t)  0)
2 3
g' ( t )  g' ( t )   g' ( t ) 
(1) 1 (2) (3)    (4)   
f ' (t)  f ' (t)   f ' (t) 
19.
2
 
If y = y(x) and it follows the relation e xy  y cos x 2 = 5 then y'(0) is equal to
(1) 4 (2) – 16 (3) – 4 (4) 16
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dy
20. If y3 + x3 + 3xy = 15, then at (1, 2) is equal to
dx
3 3 5 5
(1) (2) (3) (4)
5 5 3 3
1 dy
21. If y = tan u, where u = v – and v = ln x, then the value of at x = e is equal to
v dx
1 2
(1) 0 (2) 1 (3) (4)
e e
3x  2 5
22. If f(x) = and g (x) is the inverse of f (x) then g '   is equal to
5x  3 2
4  19
(1) – 19 (2) 19 (3) (4)
19 4
d 2x
23. If y = x + ex , then is equal to
dy 2
ex ex 1
(1) ex (2) – (3) – (4)
(1  e x )3 (1  e x )2 (1  e x )2
24. Let g(x) = f(x) sin x , where f(x) is a twice derivable function on (– , ) such that f '(–) = 1.
The value of g"(–) equals
(1) 1 (2) 2 (3) –2 (4) 0
d2y
25. If y = f (x) and z = g(x), then equals
dz 2
g' f "  f ' g" g' f "  f ' g" g' f '  f " g" g ' f "  f ' g"
(1) (2) (3) (4)
(g ' ) 2 (g ' ) 3
(g ' )3 (g ' )3
3
d 2 x  dy 
26. If y = ex + x sin x + x2 , then value of ·  at x = 0 equals
dy 2  dx 
(1) 5 (2) –5 (3) 0 (4) 4
2 2
27. If f (x) is a function such that f (x) + f "(x) = 0 and g(x) = f ( x )   f ' ( x )  and g(5) = 7, then g(7)
is equal to
(1) 0 (2) 5 (3) 7 (4) 12
 dx 
28. If x = 3 cos  – 2 cos3  and y = 3 sin  – 2 sin3 . Then  2  will be
 dy  
1
(1) –3 (2) – (3) 3 (4) does not exist
3
x
29. If f is twice differentiable function on R and g(x) = f (x) · sin   where f ' (2)  1 , then g"(2) is
 2
(1) 1 (2) –1 (3) 0 (4) 2
2
d y
30. Let y = cos–1 x where x  (–1, 1), then is equal to
dx 2
x x
(1) – cosec2y · cot y (2) cosec2y · cot y (3) (4)
3 1 x2
1  x  2 2
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NUMERICAL VALUE
31. Let x = f(t) and y = g(t), where x and y are twice differentiable function.
 d 2y 
If f '(0) = g'(0) = f "(0) = 2, g"(0) = 6, then the value of  2
 is equal to
 dx  t 0
32. If f–1(x) = x3 + 3x – 4 then 36f " (0) equals
2
 dy 
33. If x = sec  – cos  and y = sec3 – cos3, then the value of   at x = 0, is
 dx 
2
d 2 y  dy  
34. If x = cos t and y = ln t then the value of    at t = is equal to
dx  dx 
2
2
 2x  1 1  x2 
35. Let f(x) = cos1 2  and g(x) = sin 

 , then derivative of f(x) with respect to g(x)
2
 1  x   1  x 
1
at x = is equal to
2
2t 1 t2 d2x
36. If sin x = and cot y = , then the value of , is equal to
1 t2 2t dy 2
37. If y is a function of x and ln(x + y) = 2xy, then find the value of y'' (0).
38. If x = 1 is a root of equation x4 + ax3 + bx2 + cx – 1 = 0 repeated thrice, then (a + b + 2c) is equal
to
39. Let f : R  R be an even function which is twice derivable on R and f "() = 1, then f "(– ) is equal
to
40. Suppose f and g are two functions such that f, g : R  R,
f (x) = ln 1  1  x 2  and g (x) = ln  x  1  x 2 

   
 1  '
 
then find the value of x eg(x)  f     g ' ( x ) at x = 1.
  x 
ANSWER KEY
1. (2) 2. (3) 3. (2) 4. (1) 5. (2) 6. (2) 7. (1)
8. (3) 9. (3) 10. (4) 11. (2) 12. (4) 13. (1) 14. (3)
15. (3) 16. (3) 17. (2) . 18. (4) 19. (2) 20. (2) 21. (4)
22. (3) 23. (2) 24. (3) 25. (2) 26. (2) 27. (3) 28. (2)
29. (2) 30. (1) 31. (1) 32. (1) 33. (9) 34. (0) 35. (1)
36. (0) 37. (8) 38. (2) 39. (1) 40. (0)
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SOLUTION
  2  1
1. f(x) = – sin–1  2x 1  x  = – (– 2sin–1 x) ; x 1
2   2 2

f(x) = + 2 sin–1 x
2
2
f '(x) = 0 +
1 x2
 3
f '   = 4 Ans.
 2 
 
2. Putting ln x = t
2f (t) + f (1 – t) = 1 + e2t ……(i)
t1–t
2f (1 – t) + f (t) = 1 + e2(1 – t) ……(ii)
From (i) and (ii)
3f (t) = 1 + 2e2t – e2–2t
1 2t
f '(t) =
3

4e  2e 2  2 t 
1 1
f '  = (4e + 2e) = 2e
 2 3
1  1 
Aliter : 2 f '(ln x) + f '(1 – ln x)   = 2x
x  x 
2f '(ln x) – f '(1 – ln x) = 2x2
Putting x = e1/2 ,
1 1 1
2f '   – f '   = 2e  f '   = 2e Ans.
 2  2  2
3. h'(x) = f ' 2 x g( x )  cos x  1 [2xg'(x) + 2g(x) – sin x · ]
h'(1) = f '(2 – 1 – 1) · 2g ' (1)  2g (1) 
= 3 · (2 + 2) = 12
4. ln f (x) = ln (x + 1) + 2ln (x + 2) – 3ln (x + 3) – 4ln (x + 4)

differentiating we get
f ' (x) 1 2 3 4
= + – –
f (x) x 1 x  2 x 3 x 4
f ' (0 )
 = 1 + 1 – 1 – 1  f ' (0) = 0
f (0)
5. f(x) simplifies to   f ' (x) = 0 or directly differentiate f (x) to get zero]
( x 2  1) 2  3x 2
6. y=
x 2  3x  1
( x 2  1  3x )(x 2  1  3x )
=
x 2  1  3x
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dy
= 2x – 3  a=2 & b=– 3
dx
 5
a+b=2– 3 = tan 12 = cot 12 Ans. ]
7. x2x – 2xx cot y – 1 = 0 .........(1)

Now, differentiating equation (1) w.r.t. x, we get
2x2x (1 + ln x) – 2
 x 2 dy x 
x   cosec y dx  cot y  · x · 1  ln x  = 0
  
 
Now, at 1, 
 2
 
 dy
2(1 + ln 1) – 2 1 1  0 = 0
dx  
 1, 

  2 
 dy 
    
  1 . Ans.]
 dx   1, 
 2
8. y (0) = 1
1 1 1 1 1
ln y = ln(1 + 2x) + ln(1 + 4x) – ln(1 + 3x) – ln(1 + 5x) – ln(1 + 7x)
2 4 3 5 7
1 dy 1 1 1 1 1
= + – – –
y dx 1  2x 1  4 x 1  3x 1  5x 1  9 x
y ' (0) = y(0) · [1 + 1 – 1 – 1 – 1] = – 1
 2x  1 
9. f (x) = cos–1  

 4 x  2 
 x  2x 
+ tan–1  
3/ 2 
 1  2 x 
 2x  1   x  2x 
= tan–1   + tan–1 


 1  x 2x 
 2 x  1   
= tan–1 2x – tan–1 1 + tan–1 x – tan–1 2x

f (x) = tan–1 x –
4
g(x) = tan–1 2x
1
d f ( x )  f ' (x) 1  x2
 = =
d g( x )  g' (x) 2
2 x (1  2 x )
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2x (1  2 x )
=
1 x2
d f ( x )  2 ·5
= = 2 Ans. ]
d g ( x )  x 2
5
10.  2
  2
g'(x) = 2 f 2f ( x )  2  f ' 2f ( x )  2 × 4f(x) · f '(x) 
g'(0) = 2 f  2f (0)  2  f '  2f (0)  2  × 4f(0) · f '(0)
2 2
= 2f(4) · f '(4) · 4f(0) f '(0) = 2 × 4(–1) (1) = – 8.
11. y = 3x, y = 2x and x2 – y2 + 2x = 0

 (x + 1)2 – y2 = 1
dy dy x  1 dy
2(x + 1) = 2y  = 
dx dx y dx
x 1 dy
= Lim  = ±1
x   x 2  2x dx
3
dy 2
l = Lim
x  dx 1
–1
 Required sum = 5 Ans.
12. f ' (x) = sin x2

y = f (x2 + 1)
dy
= f ' (x2 + 1) · 2x
dx
dy
dx x 2 = 4 f ' (5) = 4 sin 25. ]
13. ln (x + y) = 2xy x=0; y=1

1
(1 + y') = 2[xy' + y]
xy
1 y' (0)
= z (1)
1
y' (0) = 2 – 1 = 1  (1) ]
14. f(x) = f "(x) + f "'(x) + ....... 

f '(x) = f "'(x) + f ""(x) + ....... 
f '(x) = f(x) – f "(x)
f '(x) + f "(x) = f(x)  f '(1) + f "(1) = f(1) = 5.
1
15.  g' f ( x )  =
f ' (x )
1
 g'(1) =
f ' (0)
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1 x3
 f '(x) = 5x4 + e
3
1
 f '(0) =
3
 g'(1) = 3 Ans. ]
16. ex + ey = ex+y
 ex + ey y' = exey + exey y'
e x (e y  1) (e y  1) (e x e y  e y )
 y' = y =
e (1  e x ) e y (1  e x )
 y' = 1 – ey
ex 1  ey
ey = y'= = .
ex  1 1  ex ex
17. f (x) = | x  2 |  4  1 = x + 1 , – 1 < x < 1
d
= g f ( x )  = g' f ( x )  f ' (x)
dx
d
= gf ( x )  = g' f (0)  f ' (0)
dx x 0
  8
= g' (1) · 1 = – 8  g' ( x )  . ]
 x3 
dx 1
18. We know that =
dy dy
dx
     
d2x d  1  d  1  dx  1  d2y   1 
 =  =  · (chain rule) = · 2   
dy  dy  dx  dy  dy 2   dy
dy 2    dy   dx    

   
 dx   dx  dx  dx 
 
 d2y
d2x dx 2
 = 3 ;
dy 2  dy 
 
 dx 
d2 y  dy 
3

3 
dx 2
Hence 2
 dy 
= –   = –  dt 
d x  dx   dx 
 
dy 2  dt 
3
 g(t ) 
= –   .
 f ( t ) 
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dy
dy g' (t) d2 y
Alternatively : = dt  ;
dx dx f ' (t ) dx 2
dt
d  g' ( t )  dt
  · d2 y
= 
dt  f ' ( t )  dx dx 2
f ' ( t ) g ' ' (t )  g ' (t ) f ' ' ( t )
=
f ' ( t) 3
dx
dx dt f ' (t) d2x
And = = 
dy dy g' ( t ) dy 2
dt
d  f ' ( t )  dt g ' ( t ) f ' ' ( t )  f ' ( t )g ' ' ( t )

=   · =
dt  g ' ( t )  dy g' ( t) 3
3
 d2 y   d 2x   g ' (t ) 
  2   
 dy 2  = –  
 dx     f ' (t ) 
19.
2
We have e xy  y cos x 2 = 5  ........(1)
Put x = 0, we get
1 + y = 5  y = 4  (0, 4) lies on the given curve.
Now, differentiating (1) with respect to x, we get
2  dy  dy
 e xy  x · 2 y ·  y 2  – y · 2x · sin (x2) + cos (x2) =0
 dx  dx
As (0, 4) satisfy it, we get
dy  dy 
16 +  =0  = – 16.
dx  ( 0, 4) dx  ( 0, 4)
3
20. 3y2 y' + 3x2 + 3(xy' + y) = 0 4y' + 1 + 1 y' + 2 = 0 y' = . Ans.]
5
dy dy du dv  1 
21. = · · = sec2 u 1  2   
dx du dv dx  v x
dy 1 2
 = 1 × (1 + 1) × = . Ans.]
dx x e e e
5
22. When y =
2
3x  2 5 dy
We have, =  x = 1;
5x  3 2 dx
 19  (5x  3)2 4
= 2  g ' (x) =  g ' (1) = Ans.]
(5x  3) 19 19
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d2y
 ex
d 2x dx 2
23. = 3 = – (1  e x )3 Ans. ]
dy 2  dy 
 
 dx 
24.  g(x) = f(x) sin x
 g'(x) = f '(x) sin x + f(x) cos x
 g"(x) = f "(x) sin x + 2f ' (x) cos x – f(x) sin x
 g"(–) = 2f '(–) cos (–)
= –2 Ans.
dy
dy dx f ' (x)
25.  = dz =
dz g' (x)
dx
d2y d  f ' ( x )  dx
 
 =
dz 2 dx  g' (x )  dz
g' (x ) f " (x )  f ' ( x)g"( x)   1
=
g' (x )2 g' (x)
g' ( x ) f " ( x )  f ' ( x ) g" ( x )

=
g' ( x) 3
d2y

d 2x dx 2
26. We know 2 = 3
dy  dy 
 
 dx 
3
2
 dy  d x  d2y
   · =
 dx  dy 2 dx 2
dy x
d2 y
= e + x cos x + sin x + 2x  = ex + cos x – x sin x + cos x + 2
dx dx 2
3 2
d2 y  dy  d x
 =5    · 2 =–5
dx 2 x 0
 dx  dy
2 2
27.  g(x) = f ( x )   f ' ( x ) 
 g'(x) = 2f (x) f '(x) + 2 f '(x) f "(x) = 2f '(x) f ( x )  f " ( x )  = 0
 g(x) = constant,  g(5) = 7
 g(x) = 7
 g(7) = 7 Ans. ]
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dx dy
28. = 3 sin cos 2 ; = 3 cos .
d d
dx
cos 2 = tan .
dy
d  dx  d d 2x d d
    . tan     tan .
dy  dy  dy dy 2 d dy
d2x sec 2  1
 2
  3
dy 3 cos . cos 2 3. cos . cos 2
 d2x  1 1
     . Ans.]
 dy 2 
   3. 1.1 3
x 1 x
29. g'(x) = f '(x) · sin   + f(x) · cos 
 2 2  2
x 1 x 1 x 1 1 x
g"(x) = f "(x) · sin   + f '(x) · cos  + f '(x) · cos    · f (x) · sin  
 2 2  2 2  2 2 2  2
g"(2) = –1 Ans. ]
1 (1  x 2 ) 3 2
30. y= cos–1x  y1 = = – (1 – x)–1/2  y2 = (– 2x)
1 x2 2
d2 y x
2 = (1  x 2 ) 3 2  (3) and (4) are not correct.
dx
dx dy
Again x = cos y  = – sin y 
dy dx
= – cosec y
d2 y
 = – [– cosec y · cot y (– cosec y)]
dx 2
= – cosec2y · cot y. Ans.]
dy g ' ( t ) d2 y
31.  = 
dx f ' ( t ) dx 2
f ' (t ) g" (t )  g' ( t ) f " (t ) dt
= ·
f ' ( t) 2 dx
 d 2y  f ' (0) g" (0)  g ' (0) f " (0)


  2
 =
 dx  t 0 f ' (0) 3
2 ·6  2 · 2
= = 1. Ans.]
( 2 )3
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32. x = f–1(y) = y3 + 3y – 4
d2x
36
d2 y dy 2 36  6y
36 = 3 = 3
dx  dx   3y 2
 3
 dy 
 
dx d2 x
(  3y2  3 ;  6y ) when x = 0, y = 1
dy dy2
36  6
 |36 f (0)| = = 1 Ans.]
216
33. We have, x = sec  – cos 

dx
 sec  · tan + sin 
d
dx
 tan  · (sec  + cos )
d
Also y = sec3 – cos3 )
dy
 = 3 sec2 · sec · tan + 3cos2 · sin  = 3 tan (sec3 + cos3 )
d
2
 dy 
 dy   2 
So,   =  d 
 dx   dx 
 d 
9 tan 2  (sec3   cos3 )2
=
tan 2  (sec   cos )2
2 2
 dy   dy 
So,      =9
 dx  x 0  dx at  n ( nI )
dx
34. x = cos t    sin t
dt
dy 1
y = ln t  
dt t
2
dy 1  dy  4
     2
dx t sin t dx t  / 2 
d 2 y d  1  d  1  dt  1  1 
(t cos t  sin t) 
dx 2
 
dx t sin t
   
dt t sin t dx

(t sin t) 2  sin t 
d 2 y  t cos t  sin t

dx 2 t 2 sin 3 t
d2 y 4

dx 2 t  / 2 2
2
d 2 y  dy 
    0 
dx 2  dx 
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 2x 
35. Given, f(x) = cos–1  
1 x2 
  2x   1
=  sin 1  =  2 tan x , – 1  x  1.
2  1  x2  2
2 2 8
 f ' (x )x  1  2 = =
2 1 x 1 5
1
4
1 x2 
Also, g(x) = sin–1  

1 x 
 1  1  x 2  
=  cos  
 =  2 tan 1 x , x  0
2 1 x  2
2 2 8
 g' ( x ) x  1 = 2 = 1 = .
2 1 x 1 5
4
1
f ' 
1 2
So, derivative of f(x) with respect to g(x) at x =  = 1. Ans.]
2 1
g'  
2
36. Putting t = tan, we get
sinx = sin2 & coty = cot2
x = n +(–1)n 2 & y = m + 2
dx dy
= (–1)n 2 & =2
d d
dx
 =1 or –1 [ But for given  it will have only one value ]
dy
d2x
 = 0
dy 2
37. ln (x + y) = 2xy x = 0, y = 1
1  y'
= 2 (xy' + y)
xy
Put x = 0, y = 1 1 + y' = 2 (0 + 1) = 2
( x  y) y"– (1  y' )2
 y' = 1 = 2 (xy" + 2y')
( x  y) 2
x = 0, y = 1, y' = 1
y"– 4
= 2 (0 + 2) = 4
1
 y" (0) = 8 ]
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38. As x = 1 is repeated root
f (1) = 0 a + b + c = 0
f ' (1) = 0  3a + 2b + c + 4 = 0
f " (1) = 0  3a + b + 6 = 0
Solving, we get a = – 2, b = 0 , c = 2
3
Aliter: f (x) = (x – 1) (x + 1) (think !)
compair coefficient ]
39.  f is even
 f ' is odd and f " is even
 f "(– ) = f "() = 1. ]
40. g (x) = ln  x  1  x 2 
 
1 1
 g'(x) = ....(1)  g ' (1) =
1 x2 2
' 1  1 
  1 
also  f    = f '  x  ·   2 
  x     x 
1 x 1 x 1 x
now f ' (x) = · ; f'   = · ·
1 1 x2 1 x2 x x  1 x2 x 1 x2
1  1  1
f '   ·  2  =–
x  x  x 1  x 2  x  1  x 2 
 
1 x 2 )
also eg(x) = eln ( x  =x+ 1 x 2 ; x eg(x) = x(x + 1 x 2 )
 1  ' 1
hence, eg(x) · x ·  f    = – ....(2)
  1 x2
  x 
from (1) and (2)
 1  '
g'(x) + x eg(x)  f    = 0 Ans. ]
 
  x 
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M AT H E M AT I CS

E S T IN F OR
M TI O
A NO. 09
APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVE
SINGLE CORRECT :
1. Let f (x) = x3 + ax + b, with a  b, and suppose the tangent lines to the graph of f at x = a and
x = b have the same gradient. The value of f (1) is equal to
1 2
(1) 1 (2) – (3) (4) 0
3 3
2. A point is moving along the curve y3 = 27x. The interval in which the abscissa changes at slower
rate than ordinate, is
(1) (–3 , 3) (2) (–  ,  ) (3) (–1, 1) (4) (– , –3)  (3, )

3. The line which is parallel to x-axis and crosses the curve y = x at an angle of is
4
1 1 1 1
(1) y =  (2) x = (3) y = (4) y =
2 2 4 2
4. Suppose that water is emptied from a spherical tank of radius 10 cm. If the depth of the water in
the tank is 4 cm and is decreasing at the rate of 2 cm/sec, then the radius of the top surface of
water is decreasing at the rate of
(1) 1 (2) 2/3 (3) 3/2 (4) 2
5. If the tangent at (1, 1) on y2 = x (2  x)2 meets the curve again at P then the co-ordinates of P are
 9 3
(1)  , 
 4 8
(2) 3 , 3  (3) (4, 4) (4) none of these
6. Minimum distance between the curves f(x) = ex and g(x) = ln x is

1
(1) 2 (2)
2
(3) 1 (4) 2  2 1
7. The curve y = x3 + x2 – x has two horizontal tangents. The distance between these two horizontal
lines, is
13 11 22 32
(1) (2) (3) (4)
9 9 27 27
8. The equation of normal to the curve x + y = xy, where it cuts the x-axis is equal to
(1) y = – 2x + 2 (2) y = 3x – 3 (3) y = x – 1 (4) 2y = x – 1
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9. Equation of tangent to the curve y = 9  2x 2 at the point where ordinate and abscissa are
equal, is
(1) 2x – y + 3 =0 (2) 2x – y – 3 =0
(3) 2x + y + 3 3 = 0 (4) 2x + y – 3 3 = 0
10. Equation of the line normal to the graph of y = x3 + 3x2 + 7x – 1 at the point where x = – 1, is
(1) 4x + y = – 10 (2) 4x – y = 2 (3) 2x – y = 4 (4) x + 4y = – 25
11. The distance between the origin and the normal to the curve y = e2x + x2 at x = 0, is
1 2 2 1
(1) (2) (3) (4)
5 5 3 2
x
x y
12. If equation of tangent to the curve y = e 2 where it crosses the y-axis is  = 1,
a b
then (a – b) is equal to
(1) – 3 (2) – 2 (3) 2 (4) 3
13. The y-intercept of the line normal to the curve y2 = x2 + 33 (y > 0) at the point with abscissa 4
is
(1) 7 (2) 10 (3) 14 (4) none
14. The difference between the greatest and least values of the function,
1 1
f(x) = cos x + cos 2x  cos 3x is :
2 3
(1) 4/3 (2) 1 (3) 9/4 (4) 1/6
3
ax
15. The set of value(s) of 'a' for which the function f (x) = + (a + 2) x2 + (a  1) x + 2 possess a
3
negative point of inflection .
(1) (,  2)  (0, ) (2) { 4/5 }
(3) ( 2, 0) (4) empty set
16. If the function f (x) = 2 x2  k x + 5 is increasing in [1, 2] , then ' k ' lies in the interval
(1) (, 4) (2) (4 , ) (3) (, 8] (4) (8 , )
17. A line passing through (2, 4) and forming the least area with positive semi axes has its slope
equal to
1
(1) – 1 (2) – (3) – 2 (4) – 4
2
18. A rectangle has one side on the positive y-axis and one side on the positive x - axis. The upper
nx
right hand vertex of the rectangle lies on the curve y = . The maximum area of the rectangle
x2
is
(1) e–1 (2) e – ½ (3) 1 (4) e½
19. Let f (x) = 5 + 6x + 12x2 – 2x3 – x4 and let g (x) = f ' (x) for –  < x < . At what value of x is g (x)
increasing most rapidly?
1
(1) – 2 (2) – (3) 1 (4) 2
2
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20. Let f : [1, 2]  [1, 4] and g : [1, 2]  [2, 7] be two continuous bijective functions such that
f (1) = 4 and g (2) = 7. Number of solution of the equation f (x) = g (x) in (1, 2) is equal to
(1) 0 (2) 1 (3) 2 (4) 3
 3 1
21. The range of values of a for which the function f(x) =  x  cos a , 0  x  1
 x, 1 x  3
has the smallest value at x = 1, is
(1) [cos 2, 0] (2) [–1, cos 2] (3) [0, 1] (4) [–1, 1]
22. The maximum value of f(x) = x3 – x2 + x for all x  A where A = {x | f(x)  0}, is
(1) 3 (2) 2 (3) 1 (4) 0
t  3x  x 2
23. If the function f (x) = , where 't' is a parameter has a minimum and a maximum then
x4
the range of values of 't' is
(1) (0, 4) (2) (0, ) (3) (– , 4) (4) (4, )
24. Let f(x) = 1+ xm (x–1)n where m, n  N. Then in (0,1) the equation f (x) = 0 has
(1) no root (2) at least one root (3) at most one root (4) exactly one root
25. Let f (x) = x + x on [1, 4]. The mean value theorem says that there must be some number 'c'
between 1 and 4 so that f '(c) is equal to the average slope of f (x) on [1, 4]. the number 'c' must
be
5 9 11
(1) (2) (3) (4) 3
2 4 4
26. There are 50 apple trees in an orchard. Each tree produces 800 apples. For each additional tree
planted in the orchard, the output per additional tree drops by 10 apples. Number of trees that
should be added to the existing orchard for maximising the output of the trees, is
(1) 5 (2) 10 (3) 15 (4) 20
2
27. Let f ' (x) = e x and f (0) = 10. If A < f (1) < B can be concluded from the Mean Value Theorem,
then the largest value of (A – B) equals
(1) e (2) 1 – e (3) e – 1 (4) 1 + e
2
28. Number of critical points of the function f(x) = x  2 (2x + 1) is equal to
3
(1) 0 (2) 1 (3) 2 (4) 3
29. The values of  for which the points of extremum of the function
f(x) = x3 – 3x2 + 3(2 – 1) x + 1 lie in the interval (– 2, 4) will be equal to
(1) (– 1, 3) (2) (3, 4) (3) (– 4, – 2) (4) (– 2, – 1)
30. Let f (x) =

| x |, for 0  | x |  2 . Then at x = 0, f has
1, for x  0
(1) a local maximum (2) no local maximum
(3) a local minimum (4) no extremum.
k
31. The value of k for which the function f (x) = x  has a relative maximum at x = – 2, is
x
(1) – 4 (2) – 2 (3) 2 (4) 4
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32. In which one of the following functions, Rolle's theorem is applicable?
(1) f(x) = | x |, in –2  x  2 (2) f(x) = tan x, in 0  x 
2
(3) f(x) = 1 + ( x  2) 3 , in 1  x  3 (4) f(x) = x(x – 2)2 in 0  x  2
33. Let f (t) = t2 for 0  t  1 and g (t) = t3 for 0  t  1. The value of c with 0 < c < 1
f (1)  f (0) f ' (c)
at which  , is
g(1)  g (0) g' (c)
2 1 1 1
(1) (2) (3) (4)
3 3 2 6
f (x)
34. A function f is differentiable in [0, 10] and f(0) = 4 and f(10) = –1. If g(x) = and c  (0, 10)
x2
then g' (c) is must be equal to
5 5 5 5
(1) (2) (3) (4)
10 24 10 24
35. The y-intercept of tangent line drawn to the curve x = t2 + 3t – 8 and y = 2t2 – 2t – 5 at the point
(2, – 1) is
12 15  11  19
(1) (2) (3) (4)
7 7 7 7
NUMERICAL VALUE
36. If the function f (x) = 2x2 + 3x + 5 satisfies LMVT at x = 2 on the closed interval [1, a] then the value
of 'a' is equal to
37. Number of integral values of p for which the cubic 2x3 – 3x2 + p = 0 has 3 real roots (not
necessarily distinct), is
38. The smallest natural number c for which the equation ex = cx2 has exactly three real and
distinct solutions, is
39. Let f(x) = x3 + px2 + qx + 6, where p, q  R. If f ' (x) is negative in largest possible interval
 5 
 ,  1 , then the value of (p + q) is
 3 
40. Let f(x) = | 3x – 6 | – | x + 1 | + | 2x + 4 | be a function defined on the set of real numbers. The
minimum value of f(x) is
ANSWER KEY
1. (1) 2. (3) 3. (4) 4. (3) 5. (1) 6. (1) 7. (4)
8. (3) 9. (4) 10. (4) 11. (2) 12. (4) 13. (3) 14. (3)
15. (1) 16. (1) 17. (3) 18. (1) 19. (2) 20. (2) 21. (2)
22. (4) 23. (3) 24. (2) 25. (2) 26. (3) 27. (2) 28. (3)
29. (1) 30. (1) 31. (4) 32. (4) 33. (1) 34. (4) 35. (4)
36. (3) 37. (2) 38. (2) 39. (9) 40. (5)
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SOLUTION
1. f ' (x) = 3x2 +a
f ' (a) = 3a2 + a and f ' (b) = 3b2 + a
 3a2 + a = 3b2 + a
 a2 – b2 = 0  (a – b)(a + b) = 0
since a – b  0  a + b = 0. Now f (1) = 1 + a + b = 1  (1) ]
2 dy dx
2. y3 = 27 x  3y  27
dt dt
dx dt y2
But 1   1  – 3 < y < 3 for y ( 3,3) , x  ( 1,1)  (3) ]
dy dt 9
3. y= x and y = c; solving x = c2
dy 1
y= x ; dx  2 x
dy  1 1
 
dx  p 2c = 1  c = 2
1
Equation of the line is y = ]
2
dh
4. = – 2 ; r = 10 cm
dt
dx
=? where h = 4
dt
where x is the radius of the top surface.
now r2 = x2 + (10 – h)2
dx dh
2x = – 2(10 – h)
dt dt
dx (10  h )
=– (–2)
dt x
dx 2(10  4) 12
= = ....(1)
dt x x
when h = 4 then x2 = 102 – 62 = 64
x=8
dx 12 3
 = = Ans. ]
dt 8 2
dy 1 y1  1 1
5.  ; =– ; 2y1 + x1
dx (1,1) 2 x1  1 2
= 3 which is satisfying option (1)]
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6. Minimum distance is the distance along the common normal to both the curves i.e. y = x must be
parallel to the tangent as both the curves are inverse of each other.
y y=ex
dy x1 y=x
e =1  x1 = 0 and y1 = 1
dx x1 (0,1)
y= ln x
 AB = 2 Ans. ] x
(1,0)
dy
7. = 3x2 + 2x – 1 = 0 ; 3x2 + 3x – x – 1 = 0
dx
3x(x + 1) – (x + 1) = 0  x = – 1 or x = 1/3
when x = – 1 ; y = 1
1 1 1 1 3  9 5
x = 1/3 ; y =   = =–
27 9 3 27 27
5
Two tangents are y = 1 and y = –
27
5 32
distance between the tangents 1 + =
27 27
8. Given curve is x + y = xy
Put y = 0, we get x = 1.
Now, differentiate x + y = xy , take log on both sides, we get ln (x + y) = y ln x
1  dy  1 dy
 1    y ·  ( ln x )
x  y  dx  x dx
Put x = 1, y = 0, we get
dy 
 1 = Slope of tangent
dx  (1, 0)
 y0
 Equation of normal, is    1  y = x – 1. Ans.]
 x 1 
9. Given y = 9  2 x 2
Put y = x, we get
x= 9  2x 2  x2 = 9 – 2x2 (squaring on both sides)
 3x2 – 9  x2 = 3
 x=± 3
So, x  3, y  3  and x   3, y   3  (reject)
dy  ( 4x )
Now, =
dx   3, 3  2 9  2x 2
 2x 2 3
= 2
= =–2
9  2x 3
So, equation of tangent is y  3  = – 2 x  3   2x + y = 3 3 Ans.]
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1
10. y(–1) = – 6, y'(–1) = 3x 2  6 x  7 = 4, the slope of the normal is and an equation for the
x  1 4
1
normal is (y + 6) = ( x  1)
4
 x + 4y = – 25 Ans.]
11. y = e2x + x2
At x = 0, y = 1
dy 
Now, = 2e2x + 2x = 2
dx  ( 0, 1)
 Equation of normal at (0, 1) is
1
(y – 1) = (x – 0)  x + 2y – 2 = 0
2
002 2
So, required distance from (0, 0) is = = . Ans.]
5 5
12. At x = 0, y = – 1,
1
Also, y '(0) =
2
1
 Equation of tangent is (y + 1) = (x – 0)
2
x y
  = 1  (a – b) = 2 – (– 1) = 3.
2 1
13. y2 = x2 + 33 .......(1)
dy dy x
2y = 2x  = where x = 4 ;
dx dx y
y=7 (y > 0)
dy 4
 =
dx 7
7
 Slope of the normal =
4
7
Equation of normal is y – 7 = (x – 4)
4
if x = 0, y – 7 = 7  y = 14. Ans.]
14. Stationary point sin x = 0 ; cos x = 1 or cos x =  1/2 ; Maximum at x = 0 or 2 and minimum
at x = 2/3 or 4/3 , period 2]
b
15. For negative point of inflection  <0 ;
2a
d2 y
alternatively = 0, get 'x' and put x < 0
d x2
f  (x) = a x2 + 2 (a + 2) x + (a  1)
f  (x) = 2 ax + 2 (a + 2) = 0
a2 a2
 x= <0 = >0]
a a
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16. Given, f (x) = 2 x2  kx + 5 Now f  (x) > 0 for 1  x  2
f  (x) = 4 x  k , f  (x) = 4  f  (x) > 0 for all x  [1, 2]
 f  (x) is an increasing function in [1, 2]  f ' (x) > 0
 f  (1) is the least value of f  (x) in [1, 2]  f  (1) > 0  4  k > 0
 k < 4  k  (, 4) ]
x y
17.  1
x1 y1 , x1 > 0, y1 > 0
2 4
pass through  1
x1 y1
4 x1
 4x1 + 2y1 = x1y1  y1 = x  2
1
x 1 . 4 x1 4 x12
2A = x1 y1 = x 2 =
1 x1  2
2x 2
hence, A =
x 2
dA 4 x ( x  2)  2x 2
 
dx ( x  2) 2
 2x(2x – 4 – x) = 0
 x = 0 or x = 4
 x intercept is 4
 m=–2]
nx
18. The graph of y = is as shown
x2
nx
A = xy =
x
dA 1  nx
 = 0  x = e ; Amax = e ·
dx x2
1 1
2 =
e e
19. g (x) = f ' (x) = 6 + 24x – 6x2 – 4x3, we have to maximise g ' (x)
g ' (x) = 24 – 12x – 12x2 = 0
Let y = 24 – 12x – 12x2
dy 1
= –12 – 24x = – 12(2x + 1) = 0 for y to be maximum, hence x = – .
dx 2
d2 y 1
Also 2 = – 24  y is maximum at x = – 2
dx
20. Since f (x) is bijective and f (1) = 4  f (2) = 1 and f (x) is decreasing.
Similarly, g (2) = 7 and g (x) is increasing.
Now, consider h (x) = f (x) – g (x)
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So, h (1) = f (1) – g (1) = 4 – 2 = 2
and h (2) = f (2) – g (2) = 1 – 7 = – 6
 h (x) has atleast one root in (1, 2)
Also, h' (x) = f '(x) – g'(x) < 0
 There is exactly one root of h(x) = 0 in (1, 2)
21. Clearly f(x) is decreasing in [0, 1) and increasing in [1, 3]

So, for f(x) to be minimum at x = 1, we must have
Lim f(x)  f(1)
x 1

 Lim  x 3  cos1 a  1
x 1

 – 1 + cos–1 a  1  cos–1a  2
 a  [–1, cos 2]. Ans.]
22. f(x)  0  x (x2 – x + 1)  0  x  0

Also, f '(x) = 3x2 – 2x + 1 > 0  x  R and f(0) = 0
So, fmax. (x = 0) = 0. x  0. Ans.]
t  3x  x 2
23. f (x) = ;
x4
( x  4)(3  2 x )  (t  3x  x 2 )
f ' (x) =
( x  4) 2
for maximum or minimum, f ' (x) = 0
2x2 + 11x – 12 – t – 3x + x2 = 0
– x2 + 8x – (12 + t) = 0 …….(1)
for one M and m, (1) has 2 distinct roots
D>0
64 – 4(12 + t) > 0
16 – 12 – t > 0  4 > t or t<4
24. Note that Rolle’s theorem is applicable for f(x) in [0, 1] ]

1
1
 f ' ( x )  f (x ) 0  f (1)  f (1)  0 ]
0
f ( 4)  f (1)
25. f ' (c) =
4 1
1 62 4
1+ = =
2 c 3 3
1 1 3
=  c = 2
2 c 3
9
 c= . Ans.]
4
26. Let x tree be added then

P(x) = (x + 50) (800 – 10x)
now P'(x) = 0  x = 15. Ans.]
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27. Applying LMVT in [0, 1] to the function y = f(x), we get
f (1)  f (0)
f ' (c) = , for some c  (0, 1)
1 0
2 f (1)  f (0) 2 2
 ec  
c
f (1) – 10 = e c for some c  (0, 1) but 1 < e < e in (0, 1)
1
1 < f (1) – 10 < e  11 < f (1) < 10 + e
 A = 11, B = 10 + e  A–B=1–e
2
28. We have f(x) = x  2 (2x + 1) 3
2 1
2 2 3( x  2)  2x  1 2(5x  5)
 f '(x) = 2 x  2  3
+ (2x + 1) x  2 3 = = 1
3 1
3x  2 3 3x  2  3
10( x  1)
= 1
3x  2 3
As domain of f is R, so x = 1 and x = 2 are two critical points of f(x). Ans.]
29. We have f(x) = x3 – 3x2 + 3(2 – 1) x + 1

So, f '(x) = 3(x2 – 2x + 2 – 1)
= 3(x –  + 1) (x –  – 1)
Clearly,  – 1 > – 2 and  + 1 < 4 must be satisfied simultaneously, so  (– 1, 3). Ans.
y
(0,1)
30. x ]
(0,0)
Graph of y = f(x)
k
31. With f(x) = x  , we need 0 = f '(– 2)
x
k
= 1 and so k = 4.
4
Since f "(– 2) < 0 for k = 4, f(x) has a relative maximum at x = – 2. Ans.]
32. (a) f(x) = | x |, is not derivable at x = 0.

(b) f(x) = tan x is discontinuous at x = .
2
(c) f(x) = 1  ( x  2) 3 is non-derivable at x = 2.
(d) Only function which satisfies Rolle's theorem, is f(x) = x (x – 2) 2, 0  x  2. Ans.]
f (1)  f (0) f ' (c)
33. We have, 
g(1)  g (0) g' (c)
1 0 2c 3c
 = 2  = 1 (As 0 < c < 1)
1 0 3c 2
2
 c= . Ans.]
3
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f (x)
34. We have g(x) =
x2
f ( 0) 4
 g(0) = = = 2 and g(10)
02 2
f (10) 1
= =
10  2 12
Now, apply LMVT to y = g(x) in x  [0, 10] , there exist some c  (0, 10)
g (10)  g(0)
such that g'(c) = g '(c)
10  0
1
2  25 5
= 12 = = . Ans.]
10 10  12 24
dy dy dt 2 (2 t  1)
35. = =
dx dx dt (2t  3)
at y = 1 and x = 2; t = 2
dy 6
 = . Now Proceed.]
dx 7
36. f '(x) = 4x + 3
f (a )  f (1)
now f ' (2) = 11 =
a 1
( 2a 2  3a  5)  10
=
a 1
11a – 11 = 2a2 + 3a – 5
2a2 – 8a + 6 = 0 a2 – 4a + 3 = 0
(a – 3) (a – 1) = 0  a=3
37. Draw graph of y = p and y = 3x2 – 2x3

Hence, for three roots p  [0, 1]. Ans.
y
y=p
x
O
Aliter: Let f(x) = 2x3 – 3x2 + p

f '(x) = 6x (x – 1)
0
 f '(x) = 0
1
Now, f (0) · f(1)  0  p (p – 1)  0  p  [0, 1]. Ans.]
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ex ( x  2) e x
38. Let f(x) = 2 , f '(x) =
x x3
e2
So, from above graph, c >
4
y-axis
2
2, e
4
x-axis
(0,0) x=2
ex
f (x ) 
x2
So, cmin. = 2. Ans.]
 5 
39. f (x) = 3x2 + 2px + q  0 x    ,  1
 3 
– 5/3 –1
 3x2 + 2px + q = (3x + 5) (x + 1)

 2p = 8 ; p=4 & q=5  p + q = 9 Ans. ]
40. x2
f(x) = 3x – 6 – x – 1 + 2x + 4 = 4x – 3
f '(x) = 4
11
 f is increasing –1 x < 2
f(x) = 6 – 3x – x – 1 + 2x + 4 = – 2x + 9
f '(x) = – 2
 f is decreasing
(2, 5)
–2 x < –1
f(x) = 6 – 3x + x + 1 + 2x + 4 = 11 f(x)
 f '(x) = 0
 f(x) is a constant function.
This is the minimum value of f(x).
From the graph minimum f(x) = 5. Ans.]
–1
x
–2 O 2
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MA TH EM ATI C S
DPP DAILY PRACTICE P ROBLEMS

EST I NF
ORM AT IO NO. 10
INDEFINITE INTEGRATION
SINGLE CORRECT :
e x ( x 3  x  1)
1.  dx equals
x 2
1 
32
(1) x ex (1 + x2)5/2 + C (2) x ex (1 + x2)3/2 + C

(3) x ex (1 + x2)–1/2 + C (4) none
cos 5x  cos 4x
2.  dx equals
1  2 cos 3x
sin 2 x cos 3x
(1) – sin x – +C (2) – sin x + C
2 3
sin 5x sin 4x
(3)  +C (4) sin x + sin 2x + C
5 4
x 5m 1  2x 4m 1
3. If m is a non-zero real number and  2 m dx = f(x) + C, where C is constant of
(x  x m  1)3
integration, then f(x) is
x 5m  x 4m 2m ( x 5 m  x 4 m )
(1) (2)
2m(x 2m  x m  1) 2 ( x 2 m  x m  1) 2
x 4m x 5m
(3) (4)
2m(x 2m  x m  1) 2 
2m · x 2 m  x m  1  2
1

xx 3 3
 dx is equal to
4.  x 4
4 4
3 1 3 3  1 3
(1)    1 + C (2)    1 + C
8x  8 x 
4 4
3  1 3 3  1 3
(3)    1 + C (4) 1  2  + C
8 x  4  x 
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x3  x 2  x 1
5. If  x 5  1 dx = A ln | x5 + 1| + B ln | x + 1| + C, then
(1) 5A + B = – 1 (2) 5A + B = 0 (3) 5A + B = 1 (4) 5A + B = – 2
3
6. x ( x 2  1)1 / 4 dx
(1)

2 x 2 1 
5/ 4
2
(4  5x )  C (2)

2 x 2 1 5/ 4
(5  4 x 2 )  C
45 45
(3)
x  1
2 5/ 4
(4  x 2 )  C (4)
x  1
2 4/5
(4 x 2  1)  C
45 45
dx
7.  e x  ex is equal to
(1) tan–1(ex) + C (2) tan–1(e–x) + C (3) ln (ex – e–x) + C (4) ln (ex + e–x) + C
(Where C is constant of integration)
sin (  log 2 x )
8.  dx is equal to
x
 ln 2 ln 2
(1) cos ( log2x) + C (2) cos ( log2x) + C
 
1 1
(3) cos ( log2x) + C (4) cos ( log2x) + C
 
(where C is constant of integration)
9. e
x
sin e x 1dx is equal to
1
(1) – cos ex – 1 + C (2) – e cos ex – 1 + C (3) cos ex – 1 + C (4) – cos ex – 1 + C
e
x 1 1
10.  . dx equals :
x  1 x2
1 x2 1 x2 1 1
(1) sin 1 + (2) + cos 1 +c
x x x x
x2 1 x2 1
(3) sec 1 x  +c (4) tan 1 2
x 1  +c
x x
x 1 2 
11. x   ln x  ln x  dx is equal to (where C is contant of integration)
x 

2 1
(1) xx  ln x  + C (2) xx (ln x – x) + C
 x
x x ln 2 x
(3) +C (4) xx ln x + C
2
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 
tan  x 
 4 
12.  cos2 x tan3 x  tan 2 x  tan x dx is equal to
1 1
(1)  2 tan 1 tan x  1  C (2) 2 tan 1 tan x  1  C
tan x tan x
1 1
(3)  3 tan 1 tan x  1  C (4) 3 tan 1 tan x  1  C
tan x tan x
(where C is constant of integration.)
ex
 2x  e 
x
13. The integral (x  1) ·e x dx equals
ex ex ex ex
(1) x2 · e x +c (2) x ·e x +c (3) (x2 + 1) e x +c (4) (x + 1) e x +c
x ·sec 2 x  tan x
14.  (tan2 x) dx = f (x) + C (where C is constant of integration) such that Lim
x0
f (x ) = –1,
 n 
then Lim   , n  N equals
x 0  f (x) 
[Note: [k] denotes greatest integer function less than or equal to k.]
(1) n (2) 1 – n (3) n – 1 (4) – 1 – n
cos4 x
15. The value of  3
dx is
sin 3 x (sin 5 x  cos5 x ) 5
2 3
1 5
1 5
3

(1) 2  tan5 x  c 
(2) 1  tan5 x
3
 c
2 3
1 5
1 5
(3)
2

1  cot5 x  c 
(4) 1  cot 4 x
2
 c
x 1 2 
16. x   ln x  ln x  dx is equal to
x 
 1
(1) x x  ln 2 x  C (2) xx (ln x – x) + C
 x
x x ln 2 x
(3) C (4) xx ln x + C
2
sin ln ( 2  2x ) 
17. The value of the integral  dx is
x 1
 2 
(1) – cos ln (2x + 2) + C (2) ln  sin  +C
 x 1 
 2   2 
(3) cos   +C (4) sin   +C
 x 1   x 1 
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cot x
18. The value of  5  9 cot 2 x
dx is equal to
1 1 2 sin x  1 1 3 sin x 

(1) sin   +C (2) sin   +C
2  3  2  2 
1 1 3 sin x  1 1 2 sin x 
(3) sin   +C (4) sin   +C
3  2  3  3 
(where C is constant of integration.)
 x 2  x  1  cot 1 x cot 1 x
19. If   2
 ·e
 dx = A (x) · e + C, where C is constant of integration, then
 x 1 
A (x) is equal to
(1) – x (2) 1 x (3) x (4) 1 x
ln  x  1x 2 
 
20.  x. dx equals :
1x 2
 2 x  2 x
(1) 1 x 2 ln  x  1x   x + c (2) . ln2  x  1x   +c
  2   1 x 2
x x
 2  2
(3) . ln2  x  1x  + 2 +c (4) 1 x 2 ln  x  1x  + x + c
2   1 x
dx
21.  3
equals :
cos x . sin 2x
2 2
(1) (tan x)5/2 + 2 tan x + c (2) (tan2 x + 5) tan x + c
5 5
2
(3) (tan2 x + 5) 2 tanx + c (4) none
5
(2 x  1)
22.  (x 2  4x  1)3 / 2 dx
x3 x
(1) C (2) C
( x 2  4x  1)1 / 2 ( x  4x  1)1 / 2
2
x2 1
(3) C (4) C
( x 2  4x  1)1 / 2 ( x  4x  1)1 / 2
2
sec 2 x     ln 2
23. If  dx = g(x) + c, where g   = , then Lim g( x ) is equal to
tan 2017 x  tan x 4 2016 x  2

(where c is constant of integration)

1
(1) 0 (2) 1 (3) (4) – ln 2
2016
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1 1 bx  2
24. If  6x 2  13x  6 dx = ln + C, where a, b  R and C is constant of integration,
a 2x  b
then a + b is equal to
(1) 3 (2) 5 (3) 7 (4) 8
1  cos 8x
25. If the integral  cot 2x  tan 2x dx = A cos 8x + k, where k is an arbitrary constant,
then A is equal to
1 1 1 1
(1) (2) (3) (4)
8 16 16 8
dx
26.  equals
2

x x 1 5
4/5
5
1 x 5 5
1 x 5
5
1 x 5 5
1 x 5
(1) c + (2) c  (3) c  (4) c +
4x x 5x x
cos3 x cos5 x
27.  sin 2 xsin 4 x dx
(1) sin x  6 tan1 (sin x) + c (2) sin x  2 sin1 x + c
(3) sin x  2 (sin x)1  6 tan1 (sin x) + c (4) sin x  2 (sin x)1 + 5 tan1 (sin x) + c
x2  2
28.  x 4  4 dx is equal to
1 x2  2 1
(1) tan 1 C (2) tan 1 ( x 2  2)  C
2 2x 2
1 2x
tan 1 2 1 x2  2
(3) C (4) tan 1 C
2 x 2 2 2x
2 ln ( x 2 1)
29. Evaluate the integral : e dx
1 5 3 3
(1) x  x xC (2) 5x5 + 3x3 + x + C
5 2
1 5 2 3
(3) x  x xC (4) 2x + C
5 3
3x  2
30. Let F(x) be the primitive of w.r.t. x. If F(10) = 60 then the value of F(13), is
x 9
(1) 66 (2) 132 (3) 248 (4) 264
dx
31.  3 x 5 / 2 ( x  1)7 / 2
1/ 6 1 / 6 5/6 5/6
 x 1   x 1   x   x 
(1)     C (2) 6    C (3)   C (4)    C
 x   x   x 1  x 1
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32. Let f : R  R be a derivable function satisfying f(y) f(x – y) = f(x)  x, y  R and f '(0) = p, f '(5) =
q, then f '(– 5) is f (0)  0 
p p2 q
(1) (2) (3) (4) q
q q p
x2  x  1
33. If  dx = F(x) + c, where c is constant of integration and F(0) = 0, then F(–1)
3x 2  4 x  6
equals
 5 1 5 1
(1) (2) (3) (4)
6 6 6 6
4 x 2  3x  2
34.  dx equals
3 1 x 
1
x
2 2
 1 3 3 2 1 3
(1) x2 1  x   + c (2) ·x 1  x   + c
 x 2  x
2 2
3  1 3  1 3
(3) x ·1  x    c (4) x 1  x    c
2  x  x
23 31 x p (1  x )q
35. If  x 1  x  (3  7 x ) dx =
r
+ C where p, q, r  N and C is integration constant
then H.C.F. of (p, q, r) is

(1) 8 (2) 4 (3) 2 (4) 1
n
36. If In =  (sin x ) dx n  N , then 5I4 – 6I6 is equal to
(1) sin x · (cos x)5 + C (2) sin2x · cos2x + C
sin 2x sin 2x
(3) [cos22x + 1 – 2 cos2x] + C (4) [cos22x + 1 + 2 cos2x ] + C
8 8
 2   4 
37. Let f (x) = sin3x + sin3  x   + sin3  x   then the primitive of f (x) w.r.t. x is
 3   3 
3 sin 3x 3 cos 3x sin 3x cos 3x

(1) – C (2) – C (3) C (4) C
4 4 4 4
where C is an arbitrary constant.
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NUMERICAL VALUE
38.
2

Let I = ( x  1) ( x  1)e
  dx = A f
x 2 2(x) + C, where C is a constant of integration
 2
and f (–1) =   , then value of 2A + f (0) equals
e
(x  x 2  x3 ) f (x)
39. If  dx = 15  12 x  10 x 2  C
15  12x  10x 2 
where C is the constant of integration and f (0) = 0 then  f "(1)    equals
tan x  1 
40. If  sec x  2 sin x dx =
 sin x  cos x
+ C, where C is constant of integration then ( + ) is
equal to
ANSWER KEY
1. (4) 2. (1) 3. (3) 4. (3) 5. (2) 6. (1) 7. (1)
8. (1) 9. (2) 10. (3) 11. (4) 12. (1) 13. (1) 14. (4)
15. (3) 16. (4) 17. (1) 18. (1) 19. (3) 20. (1) 21. (2)
22. (2) 23. (1) 24. (4) 25. (3) 26. (3) 27. (3) 28. (4)
29. (3) 30. (2) 31. (2) 32. (2) 33. (3) 34. (2) 35. (1)
36. (3) 37. (4) 38. (2) 39. (32) 40. (3)
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SOLUTION
( x 5m 1  2 x 4m 1 ) dx x  ( m 1)  2 ·x  ( 2m 1)
3. Let I =  x 6m (1  x m  x 2m )3 =  (1  x m  x 2 m )3 dx ;
Put (1 + x–m + x–2m) = t
 1 dt 1 x 4m
m  t 3 2m t 2
I= = + C= + C Ans. ]
2m(x 2m  x m  1) 2
1
 1 3
 2  1
x 
4.  x3 dx
1
Put –1=t
x2
1 4 4
 t3  3t 3 3  1 3
  dt = +C    1 + C. ]
2 8 8 x 
x 4 1
5. I=  ( x 5  1) ( x  1) dx =
x 4  x5  x5 1
 ( x 5  1) ( x  1) dx
x4 1
=  x 5  1 dx –  x  1 dx
1
= ln | x5 + 1| – ln | x + 1| + C
5
1
A= , B = –1 Ans.]
5
3 2 1/ 4
6. I = x ( x  1)
 dx
Hint: x2 – 1 = t4 ; x dx = 2t3 dt
4
I=  2 (t  1) t . t 3 dt
8 4 2 9 2t 5
= 2 .  ( t  t ) dt = t 
9 5
2 2 2
= ( x  1) 9 / 4  ( x 2  1) 5 / 4
9 5
2 2
= ( x  1) 5 / 4 (5x 2  4)  (A) ]
45
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ex
7. I=  1  e2x dx Put ex = t
dt
So, I =  1 t 2 = tan–1(ex) + C. Ans.]
8. Put  log2 x = t

 · ln x = t
ln 2
dx  ln 2 
 ·  dt
x   
ln 2
sin t dt
 
So, I=
– ln 2
= cos log 2 x  + C. Ans.]

9. .I = e
x
sin( e x ·e 1 ) dx
let ex – 1 = t ; ex – 1 dx = dt
 e sin t dt = – e cos t +C = – e cos ex – 1 + C]
1
10. put x = and then rationalise ]
t
11. Use  f ( x )  xf ' ( x ) dx = x f (x) + C ]

12. Let tan x = t
(1  t ) (1  t 2 )dt
 I=  (1  t) t3  t 2  t
dt =  (1  t 2  2t) t3  t 2  t
1 
 2  1dt
t 
= 
 1 1
 t  2   t 1
 t t
1
Let t  1  = u2
t
2u du 1
=–  (u 2  1)u = – 2 tan 1 t  1  C]
t
ex ex
13. I=  2x · e x dx   e x ·(x  1) e x dx
ex ex
2 ( x  1) e x
= x2 · ex – x ·e x dx +
x2
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ex
x
e ( x  1)e x dx
ex
= x2 · ex + c Ans. ]
x sec 2 x  tan x
x2 dt 1
14.   tan x 
2
dx =  t2 = t
+c=
 
 x 
x
+c
tan x
  n tan x 
 Lim   = – n – 1 Ans. ]
x 0  x
cos4 x dx cos4 x dx sec 2 x dx

15. = 
sin 3 x (sin 5 x  cos5 x )3 / 5
=  sin 6 x (1  cot5 x)3 / 5 =  3/5
6  1 
tan x 1  5 
 tan x 
1
Put 1+ =t
tan5 x
5
· sec2 x dx = dt
tan 6 x
3 1
dt  1 53 1 t 5
I=  t dt ·
3/ 5 =
5 
= +c
 5t 5  3 1
5
2
 1 5 52 1  1 5
= · ·t  c = ·1   c\
5 2 2  tan5 x 
x 1 2 l n x ln x 
16. I= x   ln x  ln x    dx
x x x 
 
 
 x x ln x  x x  1  ln 2 x  ln x  ln x   dx
=   x  x x 
 f (x )  
 x f '( x ) 
=  f (x )  x f ' (x ) dx  x f (x)  C 
= xx ln x + C ]
1
17. ln 2(1 + x) = t ; dx = dt ]
(1  x )
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cot x
18.  5  9 cot 2 x
dx
cos x
=  5 sin 2 x  9 cos2 x
dx
cos x cos x
=  5  4 cos x 2
dx =  2
9  4 sin x
dx
Put sin x = t
dt 1 dt 1 1 2t  1 1 2 sin x 
 =  = sin   + C = sin   + C. Ans.]
9  4t 2 2 9 2 2 3 2  3 
t
4
19. Method-I :
Differentiate both sides with respect to x, we get
( x 2  1)  x ( x 2  1) A ' (x )  A( x )
=
x2 1 x2 1
 A(x) = x Ans.
Method-II :
 x 2  x  1  cot 1 x
Let I=   1  x 2  ·e dx
Put cot–1 x = t, we get
1
I= e
t
(cot t  cosec 2 t ) dt = et · cot(t) + c = x · ecot x
c ]
 2 x
20. use I.B.P. taking ln  x  1  x  as the first function and as the second function ]
  1  x2
2 tan x
21. sin 2x = and tan x = t ]
1  tan 2 x
2x  1
22.  ( x 2  4x  1)3 / 2 dx
2x  1
=  dx
3/2
 4 1 
x 3 1   2 
 x x 
2 x 2  x 3
=  dx
3/ 2
 4 1 
1   2 
 x x 
1 4
now put 2
 1  t 2 ]
x x
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sec 2 x
23. Given integral, I =  tan2017 x  tan x dx
Let tan x = t  sec2 x dx = dt
1
1 t 2017
I=  t 2017  t dt =  1
dt
1
t 2016
1  2016
Let 1+ 2016 =z  dt = dz
t t 2017
1  1 
 I= ln 1  2016  + c
2016  t 
1  1 
 I= ln 1  2016  + c
2016  tan x
 Lim g( x ) = 0 Ans. ]

x  2
 2 3 
1  
24. Given integral =  dx =   5  5  dx
(2 x  3) (3x  2)  (2x  3) (3x  2) 
 
1 1
I= ln(2x + 3) + ln(3x + 2) + C
5 5
1 3x  2
= ln +C
5 2x  3
 a = 5 and b = 3  a + b = 8 Ans. ]
1  cos 8x
25.  cot 2x  tan 2x dx = A cos 8x + k
; Differentiate both sides w.r.t x, we get
1  cos 8x
 cos 2 x sin 2x  = – 8A · sin 8x
  
 sin 2x cos 2 x 

2 cos 4x  sin 2x ·cos 2x 
2
cos 4x 
= – 8A · sin 8x
1
 sin8x = – 8A · sin 8x
2
1
 A= Ans. ]
16
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dx x 6 dx
26. I=  4/5 =  4/5 ]

x 6 1  x 5  1  x  5
27. sin x = t ; I =
1t 2t 
2 2
 t 1t  dt; f (t)

2 2
( y  1)( y2) 2(12 y)

=  =1+ ; y = t2
y(1 y) y( y1)
1 1   2 6 
=1+6   ;  1  t 2  1  t 2  dt ]
 3y y1 
28. put x= 2 t , now proceed
2 ln ( x 2 1) 2
1) 2
29. e dx =  e ln ( x dx
2
=  (x  1) 2 dx =  (x
4
 2 x 2  1)dx
1 5 2 3
= x  x xC ]
5 3
3x  2
30. F(x) =  dx ; let x – 9 = t2
x 9
 dx = 2t dt
 3( t 2  9)  2 
 F(x) =   ·2 t  dt
 t 
 29  3t dt = 2 [29t + t ]

2 3
= 2
F(x) = 2 [29 x  9  ( x  9) 3 2 ] + C
given F(10) = 60 = 2 [29 + 1] + C
 C=0
 [
F(x) = 2 29 x  9  ( x  9) 3 2 ]
F(13) = 2 [29 × 2 + 4 × 2]
= 4 × 33 = 132 Ans. ]
dx dx 1
31.  7 / 2 1 / 3
=  7/ 6 now put 1 = t6 ]
 6 1 2 1 x
 x 1    x 1  
 x
  x  
32. Differentiating functional equation w.r.t. x, we get f(y) f '(x – y) = f '(x), putting x = y we get
f ' (x)
f '(x) = pf(x)   f (x ) dx =  p dx
 ln f(x) = px + c …….(1)
at x = 0
f '(0) = p f(0)  f(0) = 1
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 Putting x = 0 in equation (1), we get c = 0
q
 f(x) = epx  f '(x) = pepx  f '(+5) = pe5p = q  e5p =
p
p p2
 f '(– 5) = pe–5p = = .]
q q
p
x3  x 2  x 1 dt
12  t
33.  dx =
3x 4  4 x 3  6 x 2
2 t
= +c
12
3x 4  4 x 3  6 x 2
= + c Ans. ]
6
4 x 2  3x  2 4 x 3  3x 2  2 x
34.  dx =  3 x3  x 4  x 2 dx
3 1 x 
1
x
Put x3 + x4 + x2 = t3
3 2
 3t dt = 2
t + c Ans.]
35. x23(1 – x)31(3 – 7x)

= x23(1 – x)31[3(1 – x) – 4x]
= 3x23(1 – x)32 – 4x24(1 – x)31
1 d 24
= ·
8 dx

x (1  x ) 32  ]
36. reduction formula of (sin x)n ]
37. Note that

 2   4 
sin x + sin  x   + sin  x   =0
 3   3 
 2 
 sin3x + sin3  x   +
 3 
 4  3
sin3  x   = – sin 3x (a+b+c = 0  a3+b3+c3 =3abc)
 3  4
3 cos 3x
–  sin 3x dx =  C Ans. ]
4 4
2
38.  (x  1) e x ·( x  1) 2 e x dx
Let (x2 + 1)ex = t  (x + 1)2 ex dx = dt
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t2
  t dt = 2
+c
 I=
(x 2
 1) e x  2
+c
2
 f (x) = (x2 + 1) ex
1
and A=
2
f (0) = 1
 2A + f (0) = 2 Ans. ]
(x  x 2  x3 )
39. I=  dx
15  12x  10x 2
Multiply numerator and denominator byx2
x5  x 4  x3
 dx
10 x 6  12x 5  15x 4
Put 10x6 + 12x5 + 15x4 = t2
 60 (x5 + x4 + x3) dx = 2t dt
1 t
dt
t x 2 10 x 2  12 x  15
30  t
= + C = +C
30 30
 f(x) = x2 and  = 30
 f "(1) + l = 32. Ans.]
sin x
1
cos x dx
40. Given integral I =  1
 2 sin x
cos x
sin x  cos x
=  1  2 sin x cos x dx
(sin x  cos x )
=  (cos x  sin x) 2 dx
Let cos x + sin x = t
1 1 1
= –  t 2 dt = t
+C=
cos x  sin x
+C
  +  = 2 Ans.]
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M AT H E M AT I CS
DPP DAILY PRACTICE PROBLEMS

E S T IN F OR
M TI O
A NO. 11
DEFINITE INTEGRATION
SINGLE CORRECT :

x 1
1. The value of the definite integral,  (e  e 3 x ) 1 dx is
1
  1  1 
(1) 2 (2) (3) 2 2
 tan 1  (4)
4e 4e e  e 2e 2

ln  
2
2 2
2. The value of the definite integral,  cos e x  ·2 x e x dx is
 
0
(1) 1 (2) 1 + (sin 1) (3) 1 – (sin 1) (4) (sin 1) – 1
2
3. The value of the definite integral  sin 2x   dx where   [0, ]
0
1  cos 
(1) 1 (2) cos  (3) (4) (1 + sin )
2
 x  1  x cos x ln x  sin x dx is equal to

sin x
4.
2
2  4   2 
(1) (2) (3) (4) –1
2 2 4 2
2 4
 2 x 
  
5.   csc x sec x  dx is equal to
0  
2 2 
(1) (2) (3) 2 (4)
4 2 8
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2
3
x / 2 1  sin x
6.  e 1  cos x
dx is
/6
  / 2 2   / 3  e 
(1) e  e  / 4 2  (2) 2 e   1
 3   3 
 / 2  e / 3 /4 /6 
(3) 2 e   2 e  e  (4) 2e   / 3  2 e  / 4 
 3 
 
1
tan 1 x
7.  dx =
0
x
/4 /2 / 2 / 4
sin x x 1 x 1 x
(1)  dx (2)  dx (3)  dx (4)  dx
0
x 0
sin x 2 0
sin x 2 0
sin x
2
 4 
8. The set of values of 'a' which satisfy the equation  ( t  log 2 a ) dt = log2   is
 a2 
0
(1) a  R (2) a  R+ (3) a < 2 (4) a > 2
1
x
e x
9. The value of the definite integral e (1  x ·e )dx is equal to

0
(1) ee (2) ee –e (3) ee – 1 (4) e
 (x  1)e 
x
10. The value of the definite integral ·ln x dx is
1
(1) e (2) ee + 1 (3) ee(e – 1) (4) ee(e – 1) + e
1
dx
11. The value of  (2  x ) 1 x2
is
1
 2
(1) 0 (2) (3) (4) cannot be determined
3 3
x
4
12. If g (x) =  cos t dt , then g (x + ) equals
0
(1) g (x) + g () (2) g (x)  g () (3) g (x) g () (4) [ g (x)/g () ]
16
dx
13. The value of the integral  x 4 x
is
1
3 3 3
(1) 4 ln (2) 4 ln +1 (3) 4 ln +2 (4) none
2 2 2
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b
14. If f (a + b  x) = f (x) , then  x.f (a  b  x) dx =
a
b b
1 ab ab
f ( x ) dx f ( x ) dx
2 a 2 a
(1) 0 (2) (3) (4)
2
1
dx
15. The value of the definite integral  (1  e x )(1  x 2 ) is
1
(1) /2 (2) /4 (3) /8 (4) /16
3
4
 d
16. The value of the definite integral  1  sin  , is
1  
(1)  1  2 (2) (3) (4)
2 1 2 1 2 1

17. The value of the integral  (cos px  sin qx)2 dx where p, q are integers, is equal to

(1)   (2) 0 (3)  (4) 2 
1
x tan 1 x dx
18. The value of the definite integral  arc tan x
is
1 (1  e )
 1   1  1
(1)  (2)  ln 2 (3)  (4) 
4 2 4 4 2 8 2
2 4 sin( 3  x )
19. The value of the integral I =  dx is
4 sin( 3  x )  4 sin(   x )
0

(1) (2) 0 (3) 2 (4) 
2
ln 3
x
20. The value of the definite integral  {e } dx equals

[Note : {y} denotes fractional part of y.]

(1) 3 + ln 2 – 2ln 3 (2) 3 – ln 3 (3) 2 ln 3 + ln 2 (4) 1
2
21. The value of the definite integral  tan x dx , is
0
 
(1) 2 (2) (3) 2 2  (4)
2 2 2
x2
22. The function f (x) =  9  t 2 dt has an inverse. The value of (f –1) ' (0) equal
4
1 1 1 1
(1) (2) (3) (4)
10 20 4 13 5
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f ( x)
2
23. If t dt = x cos x , then f ' (9)
0
1 1 1
(1) is equal to – (2) is equal to – (3) is equal to (4) is non existent
9 3 3
x
d r3
24. The value of Lim
x  dx  (r  1)(r  1) dr , is
3
1
(1) 0 (2) 1 (3) (4) non existent
2
y
dt d2 y
25. Variable x and y are related by equation x =  1 t2
. The value of
dx 2
is equal to
0
y 2y
(1) 2 (2) y (3) (4) 4y
1 y 1  y2
x 1 1
2
26. If  f ( t ) dt = x +  t ·f (t ) dt , then the value of the integral  f ( x ) dx is equal to
0 x 1
(1) 0 (2) /4 (3) /2 (4) 
 1 2  
27. If L = Lim       , then the value of L equals
n  ( n  1) 2 ( n  2) 2
9n 

1 2 2 1
(1) ln 3 – (2) ln 3 – (3) ln 3 + (4) ln 3 +
3 3 3 3
 
2 2
sin x dx
28. If I1 =  1  cos x  sin x dx and I2 =  1  sin x  cos x dx then the value of 2I1 + I2 equals
0 0
 
(1)  (2) 2 (3) (4)
4 2
 1 1 1 1 1 
29. The value of Lim      equals
n   3n 9 n 2
 4 9 n 2
 16 9 n 2
 36 5 n 
 
1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 –1 2
(1) sin–1 (2) sin (3) sin (4) sin
3 2 3 2 3 3 3
6 2017
30. If f (3 + x) = f (3 – x) and f (6 + x) = f (6 – x) and  f (x ) dx = 4, then the value of  f ( x ) dx is
3 1999
equal to
(1) 72 (2) 36 (3) 24 (4) 12
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Numerical Value
 2
I1
31. For f (x) = x4 + | x |, let I1 =  f (cos x )dx and I2 =  f (sin x )dx then I2
has the value equal to
0 0
1
207 1
32. If the value of the definite integral  C 7 x 200 ·(1  x ) 7 dx is equal to where k  N. The value
k
0
of ' k' is equal to
33. If g (x) is the inverse of f (x) and f (x) has domain x  [1, 5], where f (1) = 2 and f (5) = 10 then the
5 10
values of  f ( x ) dx   g ( y) dy equals
1 2
x
34. If  f ( t ) dt = e2x cos x + C where C is some constant then C + f (0) + f ' (0) + f '' (0) has the value equal to
0

2
35. If (2 , 3) then number of solution of the equation  cos ( x   ) dx = sin  is
0
1
dx
36. The value of  |x|
is
1
1
37. If f (0) = 1, f (2) = 3 and f (2) = 5 then the value of the definite integral  x f ' ' (2 x ) dx is equal to
0
38. Let f be a differentiable function satisfying f (x) f '(–x) = f (–x) f '(x) and f (0) = 1, then the value
5
dx
of  1  f ( x ) is
5

11  x 2
x e dx
0
39.  is equal to
9 x 2
x e dx
0
40. Let f (x) be a polynomial of degree 5 with leading coefficient unity such that f (1) = 5, f (2) =
6
4, f (3) =3, f (4) = 2, f (5) = 1, then  f (x ) dx is equal to
0
ANSWER KEY
1. (1) 2. (3) 3. (1) 4. (3) 5. (2) 6. (4) 7. (3)
8. (2) 9. (1) 10. (4) 11. (2) 12. (1) 13. (3) 14. (3)
15. (2) 16. (3) 17. (1) 18. (1) 19. (4) 20. (1) 21. (2)
22. (2) 23. (1) 24. (3) 25. (2) 26. (3) 27. (2) 28. (4)
29. (3) 30. (3) 31. (2) 32. (208) 33. (48) 34. (6) 35. (2)
36. (4) 37. (2) 38. (5) 39. (5) 40. (18)
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SOLUTION
  x
dx e dx
1. I=  (e ·e x  e 3 ·e  x ) =  e (e 2 x  e 2 ) (multiply Nr and Dr by ex)
1 1
put ex = t  ex dx = dt
 
1 dt 1 1 t
I=
e  t 2  e 2 = e2 tan e
e e
1   
=
e2  2  4  = 4e 2 Ans. ]
 
2 2
2. put e x = t; e x · 2x dx = dt
2
2
;  cos t dt = sin t 1 = 1 – (sin 1)
1
(   )
1
3. I=
2  sin | t | dt where 2x –  = t

dt
 dx =
2
0  
1 1
=   sin t dt   sin t dt
2  2 0
0  
1  1  1 1
= cos t   cos t  = [1 – cos ] – [– cos  – 1]
2   2 0 2 2
1 1
= (1 – cos ) + (1 + cos ) = 1 Ans.
2 2
4. Integrand is (xsin x · x)'
   2 4   2
 x 
sin x ' sin x
 ·x = x ·x = 0 ·  – · =– = Ans. ]
2 2 2 4 4
2 4
5. I=  2 sin x  x cos x dx ; 
0
cos x
Let f (x) = 2 sin x ; f ' (x) =
x
x f ' (x) = x cos x
2 4 2 2
 I = 2x sin x  0
=2·
4
=
2
6. put –x/2 = t  dx = – 2dt
 / 3
e t 1  sin 2 t
I= –2  dt
 / 4
1  cos 2 t
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 / 4 t
e | sin t  cos t |
= 2  dt
 / 3 2 cos 2 t
 / 4 t
e ( sin t  cos t )
=   dt
 / 3 cos 2 t
 / 4
t
=  e (sec t tan t  sec t ) dt
 / 3
 / 4

=  e t sec t   / 3
=  [ e  / 4 2  e  / 3 2 ]
1
tan 1 x
7. I=  dx x = tan ; dx = sec2 d
0
x
/4 / 4
 . sec 2  
I=  d =  d
0
tan  0
sin  cos 
/4
2
=  d 2 = y
0
sin 2
/2 / 2
1 y 1 x
=  dy =  dx
2 0
sin y 2 0
sin x
2
t2
8.  log 2 a ·t = 2 – log2(a2) (note a > 0)
2
0
(2 – 2 log2a) = 2 – 2 log2a (an identity)

2 log2a = 2 log2a  a  R+ ]
9. Put ex = t  ex dx = dt
x = ln t
t (1  t ln t ) t 1
I= e dt =  e  ln t   dt
t  t
e
t
= e ln t = ee Ans. ]
1
e
x
10. e [ x ln x  1  ln x  1] dx
1
e e
x x
= e [(x ln x )  (ln x  1)] dx –  e dx
 
1 f (x) f '( x ) 1
e
x
= e ·( x ln x )
1
– e  
x e
1
= (ee · e – 0) – [ee – e]
= ee(e – 1) + e Ans. ]
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/ 2
cos  d
11. I=  ( 2  sin  ) cos 
(putting x = sin)
 / 2
/ 2
 1 1 
=     d
0  2  sin  2  sin  
 a a 
 u sin g

 f (x ) dx   [f ( x)  f ( x) dx 
a 0 
/ 2 /2
d 4 sec 2  d
= 4  2
4  sin 
=
3  4
0 0  tan 2 
3
 
4 d 4 3 3t
=  = . . tan 1
3 0 t2  4 3 2 2 0
3
2  
= .  ]
3 2 3
x 
4
12. g (x + ) =  cos t dt
0
x x 
4 4
=  cos t dt   cos t dt
0 x

4
= g (x) +  cos t dt = g (x) + g () Ans.]
0
13. Put x = t4 Þ dx = 4t3dt

2 2
4t 3 4t 2
I=  2 dt =  dt
1 t  t 1
1  t
 2 2
 2 ( t 2  1)  1  dt 
=4 
 dt  =4  ( t  1) dt    
 1 1  t   1 1
1  t 
 t 2  2 
2
= 4   t   ln (1  t ) 1 
 2 1 
 
  1  1 3 3
= 4 (0)      ln 3  ln 2 =   ln  = 4 ln + 2 Ans. ]
  2  2 2 2
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b
14. I=  (a  b  x ) ·f (x ) dx (Using King)
a
2I = (a + b) f ( x ) dx 
a
b
ab
f ( x ) dx Ans. ]
2 a
 I=
1
dx
15. I=  (1  e x )(1  x 2 ) ....(1)
1
1
dx 1
=  1  e x ·1  x 2 (using King)
1
1
e x dx
I=  x 2 ....(2)
1 (1  e )(1  x )
adding (1) and (2)
1 1
(1  e x ) dx dx
2I =  (1  e x )(1  x 2 ) =  (1  x 2 )
1 1
1
dx
= 2  (1  x 2 )
0
1
dx
I=  (1  x 2 ) = tan–1(1) = /4 [convert it into value of definite integral 'I' is same as ]
0

16. Answer is ]
2 1

2
17. I = (cos px  sin qx ) dx



2
I=  (cos px  sin qx ) dx (Using King)


2 2
2I = 2 (cos px  sin qx ) dx



2 2
I = ( 2 cos px  2 sin qx ) dx

0

=  (1  cos 2px )  (1  cos 2qx ) dx

0
= 2 (Both the integrals vanish) .
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1
x tan 1 x dx
18. I=  arc tan x
1 (1  e )
1
x tan 1 x
Using King, I=  (1  e tan 1
dx
x
1 )
1 1
x ·tan 1 x ·e tan x
=  (1  e tan
1
x
)
dx
1
2I
1
x tan 1 x  tan 1 x 
=  1  e  dx
tan 1 x  
1 (1  e )
1 1
1
=  x tan x dx = 2 x tan 1 x dx (f is even)
1 0
I.B.P.
1
I=  x tan
1
x dx =   1 Ans. ]
0 4 2
19. Using King i.e. x  2 – x

2 4 sin(   x )
I=  dx
4 sin(   x )  4 sin( 3  x )
0
2
 2I =  dx = 2
0
 I =  Ans.
0 ln 2 ln 3
x x x
20. I= e dx   (e  1) dx   (e  2) dx
 0 ln 2
0 x ln 2 ln 3
x x
= e + e x + e  2x
 0 ln 2
= 1 + (2 – ln 2) – 1 + (3 – 2ln 3) – (2 – 2 ln 2) = 2 – ln 2 + 1 – 2ln 3 + 2ln 2
= 3 + ln 2 – 2ln 3 Ans. ]
2
21. I=  tan x dx ....(1) ;
0
2
I=  cot x dx ....(2)
0
adding (1) and (2), we get
2
2I =  tan x  cot x dx 
0
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2
sin x  cos x
= 2  dx
0
sin 2x
2
sin x  cos x
= 2  dx
0 1  (sin x  cos x ) 2
1 1
dt dt
= 2 = 2 2  = 2 (where sin x – cos x = t)
2
1 1  t 0 1 t2

 I= Ans. ]
2
dx
22. at y = 0, x = 2 (we have to find when y = 0)
dy
f ' (x) = 9  x 4 ·2x
1 1
 g'(y) = = 4
f ' ( x ) x  2 2x 9  x
1
= ]
20
f (x)
t3
23. 3 = x cos x
0
 [f (x)]3 = 3x cos x ....(1)
[f (9)]3 = – 27  f (9) = – 3
f ( x)
2
also differentiating t dt = x cos x
0
[f (x)]2 · f ' (x) = cos x – x  sin  x
 [f (9)]2 · f ' (9) = – 1
1 1 1
 f ' (9) = – 2
=– f ' (9) = –  (A) ]
f (9)  9 9
x3 2 1 1 1
24. Lim ·  Lim =
x  ( x  1) 2 x x  2 [1  (1 x )] 2
dx 1
25. =
dy y2 1
dy d2 y y
= 2
y 1 ; = y2  1 = y
dx dx 2 y 12
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x 1
2
26.  f ( t ) dt = x +  t ·f ( t ) dt
0 x
differentiating, f (x) = 1 – x2 · f (x)
1
(1 + x2) f (x) = 1  f (x) =
1 x2
1 1
1 dx
  1  x 2 dx = 2  1  x 2
1 0

= 2 tan 1 x  1
0= 2
Ans. ]
r 2
2n   2n 2 x 11 1
2
r 1 n = x
27. L = Lim  2
= Lim 
n r 1  r  2  (1  x )2 dx =  ( x  1)2 = ln(x + 1) + x  1
r 1 ( n  r )
n  n   0 0
0
1  
 n
1 2
= ln 3 + – 1 = ln 3 – Ans. ]
3 3

2
sin x dx
28. I1 =  1  cos x  sin x
0

2
cos x
I1 =  1  cos x  sin x dx
0

2 
sin x  cos x  1  1
 2I1 =  1  cos x  sin x dx = –I
2 2
0

 2I1 + I2 = Ans. ]
2
n n
1 1
29. L = Lim  = Lim  2
n
r 0 9n 2  ( 2r ) 2 n 
r 0 r
n 9  4 
n
1 1 1
dx 1 1 1 2 x 1 1 2
=  =  = sin = sin Ans. ]
0 9  4x 2 0 2 9  x 2 2 3 0 2 3
4
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30. Clearly, f (x) is periodic with period 6
6 3 6
 f ( x ) dx = 2 f ( x ) dx = 2 f ( x ) dx = 8
 
0 0 3
2017 6
  f ( x ) dx = 3 f ( x ) dx = 3 × 8 = 24 Ans. ]

1999 0
31. Clearly f is an even function, hence
 
I1 =  f cos(   x  dx =  f (  cos x ) dx
0 0

=  f (cos x ) dx
0
2
 I1 = 2  f (cos x) dx
0
2 I1
=2  f (sin x ) dx = 2I2  I2 = 2 Ans.
0
Alternatively: let u = cos x
 du = – sin x dx
1 1
f (u ) f (u )
 I1 =  1 u2
du  2  du ....(1)
1 0 1 u2
1
f (t)
|||ly with sin t = t, I2 =  dt ....(2)
0 1 t2
I1
from (1) and (2)
I2 = 2 Ans. ]
1
207 200
32. Let I=  C7 ·x ·(1  x )7 dx

0 II I
1
 1 
7 x 201 7
I= 207C 
7
(1  x ) ·   (1  x ) 6 ·x 201 dx 
  201  0
201 0 
zero
1
7
(1  x ) 6 · x 201 dx
= 207C7 ·
201 0
I.B.P. again 6 more times
1
7! 207
= 207C7 · 201·202 ·203 ·204 ·205 ·206 ·207  x dx
0
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(207)! 7! 1
= · ·
7!(200)! 201·202 ·........·207 208
(207)! 7! 1 1
= ·
(207)!7! 208 = 208 = k
 k = 208 Ans. ]
33. y = f (x)  x = f–1(y) = g (y)

dy = f ' (x) dx
5 5
 I=  f ( x ) dx   x f ' ( x ) dx
1 1
f
x y
1 f(1)=2
5 f(5)=10
where y is 2 then x = 1
y is 10 then x = 5
5
 I=  f ( x )  x f ' (x ) dx
1
5
= x f (x ) 1 = 5 f (5) – f (1) = 5 · 10 – 2 = 48
34. C = – 1; f (0) = 2; f ' (0) = 3; f '' (0) = 2 ]
35. 
sin( x   2 ) 0 = sin

sin(2 + ) – sin 2 = sin

2 cos(2 +/2) sin /2 = sin
now proceed and get
2 ,  1  1  8   2 solutions ]
2
1
1   1 1 
dx x 2 
36. 2
x
= 
1 
=4  x1
0 =4
0    1
 2 0
2
1
37. I=
4  t f ' ' ( t ) dt where 2x = t. Now I.B.P. taking t as the first function
0
f ' (x ) f ' (x )

38. =  – ln f (–x) = ln f (x) + c
f ( x ) f (x)
 x = 0, c = 0
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f (x) f (–x) = 1
5
dx
Now, I=  1  f (x ) ……(i)
5
5 5
dx f (x )
King, I = 
1  f (x)
=  1  f ( x ) dx ……(ii)
5 5
(i) + (ii),
5 5
2I =  1·dx = 2 · 1·dx
5 0
 I = 5 Ans. ]
 
11  x 2 9 x 2
39. Let I11 =  x e dx and I9 = x e dx
0 0


 x 2 x10   x10 
x 2 2
 I9 =  x
9
 e dx =  e ·  
 ·  2 xe x  dx
0 II I  10 0 0 10  

1 11  x 2
x e dx
5 0
=+
I11 I11
 I9 =  = 5 Ans. ]
5 I9
40. f (x) – (6 – x) = 0 has roots 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
 f (x) = (x – 1)(x – 2) (x – 3)(x – 4)(x – 5) + (6 – x)
 f (6 – x) = – (x – 1) (x – 2) …… (x – 5) + x
6
Let I =  f ( x) dx
0
6
Using king I =  f (6  x) dx
0
6
 2I =  6 dx = 36  I = 18 Ans. ]
0
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M AT H E M AT I CS

E S T IN F OR
M TI O
A NO. 11
DEFINITE INTEGRATION
SINGLE CORRECT :

2. The area bounded by the curve y = | cos x – sin x |, 0  x  and above x-axis is
2
(1) 2 2 (2) 2 2  2 (3) 2 2  1 (4) 2 2  2
Ans. (2)
y
 
 , 1
2 
(0, 1)
Sol. x
x=0  
x x
4 2
/4 /2
So, required area =  cos x  sin x dx +   cos x  sin x dx = 2  
2 1 ]
0 /4
3. The area bounded by the curve y = ln (x) and the lines y = 0, y = ln (3) and x = 0 is equal to
(1) 3 (2) – 2 + 3ln3 (3) 2 (4) 2 + 3ln3
Ans. (3)
ln 3
y
Sol. Area = e dy = 2
0
(0, ln3)
y = ln3
(1, 0) x
(0, 0)
13. The area of figure bounded by the curve y = 2x – x2 and the straight line y = – x is
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9 7
(1) (2) 9 (3) (4) 7
2 2
Ans. (1)
3 3
2 2 9
Sol. Area =  (2x  x )  x dx =  (x  x ) dx =
2
0 0
y = 2x – x2
x
O
x=3
y=x
18. The area bounded by the curves y = | x | – 1 and y = – | x | + 1 is

(1) 1 (2) 2 (3) 2 2 (4) 4
Ans. (2)
Sol. y = | x | – 1 and y = – | x | + 1
x 1 if x  0
y =   ( x  1) if x  0 ;

1  x if x  0
y = 1  x if x  0

(0, 1)
1–x
(ax + 1) if x < 0 x – 1 if x  0
–1 O 1
1–x
(0, –1)
2 ·2
square of area = = 2 Ans.]
2
T-2
ex  e x 1
8. The area bounded by the curve y = and the lines y = 0, x = ln 2 and x = ln is
2 2
3 5 3 5
(1) (2) (3) (4)
4 4 2 2
Ans. (3)
y
ln 2
1
Sol. A=2·
2  (e
x
 e  x ) dx = ex  ex 
ln 2
0
0
x
– ln 2 ln 2
: www.atpstar.com
1 3
= eln 2 – e– ln 2 = 2 – = . Ans.]
2 2
9. The area bounded by the curves f (x) = 9x2 – 9x + 2, g(x) = 9x2 – 18x + 8 and x = 1 is
1 1 2 3
(1) (2) (3) (4)
3 2 3 4
Ans. (2)
g(x)
f(x)
x=1 1
1/3 2/3 1
Sol.
O(0, 0) 4/3
 Area =  f (x )  g( x ) dx = 2
Ans.]
2/3
12. Area of the region bounded by {(x, y) : x2 + y2  1  x + y} is equal to
2 2  1  1
(1) (2) (3)  (4) 
5 2 4 2 4 2
Ans. (4)
(1)2 1
Sol. Area of shaded region =  (1)(1)
4 2
 1
=  Ans.
4 2
y
x+y=1
Aliter: Circle x2 + y2  1
Line x + y  1
1
 Area =   1  x 2 dx  (1  x )  dx

0
 1
=  Ans. ]
4 2
16. If the area bounded by f(x) = kx2 (k > 0) and g(x) = x3 is twice the area bounded by h(x) = x2 and
m(x) = kx3, then the value of k is
1 1 1 1
(1) 62 (2) 72 (3) 26 (4) 27
Ans. (4)
1
k k
2
Sol.  (kx  x 3 ) dx = 2  ( x 2  kx 3 ) dx ]
0 0
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x x
21. Let F(x) = sin x cos t dt  2 t dt + cos2x – x2. Then area bounded by xF(x) and ordinate x = 0
 
0 0
and x = 5 with x-axis is
25 35
(1) 16 (2) (3) (4) 25
2 2
Ans. (2)
Sol. F(x) = 1
y
(5, 5) y = x
x
O
1 25
A= ×5×5= . Ans.]
2 2
24. The area bounded by the curves y = (x + 2)2, y = (x – 2)2 and the line y = 0 is
128 64 32 16
(1) (2) (3) (4)
3 3 3 3
Ans. (4)
y
Sol.
–2 O 2
2 2
2 2 ( x  2)3 16
A = 2  ( x  2) dx = = sq. units.
s.
0
3 0
3
28. The area bounded by parabola y = x2 – 2x + 2 and its pair of tangent from (4, 1) is equal to
(1) 18 (2) 12 (3) 9 (4) none of these
Ans. (1)
Sol. y – 1 = Y; x – 1 = X ; Y = X2.
 dY  y
  = 2x = y1  0
 dX  p 1
x1  3 p
36
(3,0) 6 x
2 2
2 x1 – 6x1 = x1
x1 = 0, 6 ; y1 = 0, 36
6
A=
2
 x dx 
1
2
× 3 × 36 =
1 3
3
x   6
0 – 54
0
= 72 – 54 = 18.
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30. The area bounded by y3 = x2 and y = 2 – x2 is
14 34 16 32
(1) (2) (3) (4)
15 15 15 15
Ans. (4)
Sol. y3 = x2 and y = 2 – x2 point of intersection are (1, 1) and (–1, 1)
1
 x 
2/3
Area =  (2  x 2 ) dx
1
1
 3x 5 / 3 x3  32
= 2   2x   = .
 5 3 0 15
38. The area of the region enclosed by curves C1 : y = x2, C2 : y – 1 + x2 = 0 and C3 : x = 0.
2 2 1 2
(1) sq. units (2) 2 sq. units (3) sq. units (4) sq. units
3 2 3
Ans. (4)
1
2
  x 
2
Sol. A=  (1  x 2 ) dx
0
y = x2
1 1
3
2
2
x  2x 2
1
=  (1  2x ) dx = 3 0
2
2
x = – (y – 1)
0
1 1 2 2
=  = = ]
2 3 2 3 2 3
42. Area enclosed between the curves |y| = |1 – x2| and x2 + y2 = 1, is
3  8  8 2  8 8
(1) (2) (3) (4)
3 3 3 3
Ans. (1)
Sol. |y| = 1 – x2,
C1 : x2 + y2 = 1
C2 : y = 1 – x2
C3 : y = x2 – 1
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(0, 1)
C1
C3
C2 1
Required area =  – 41
(–1, 0, 1) (1, 0)
(0, –1)
1
2
=  – 4 (1  x ) dx

0
8 3  8
=– =
3 3
44. Consider curves : S1 : y = x and S2 : y = 2  x then area bounded by S1 and S2 with x-axis
is
2 4 6 4
(1) (2) (3) (4)
3 3 5 5
Ans. (2)
Sol. y= x and y = 2x
0 1 2
1 2
A=  x dx   2  x dx
0 1
1
 3  2
 x2 
=     x  1 dx
 3  1
 2 0
2
 3 
2  (x  1) 2  2 2 4
A =   =  = . ]
3  3  3 3 3

 2 1
45. The area of the region bounded by x = 0; y = 0; x = 2; y = 2, y  ex & y  ln x is (in sq. units)
(1) 4 ln 2 – 2 (2) 6 – 4 ln 2 (3) 2 ln 2 – 4 (4) 6 – 2 ln 2
Ans. (2)
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Y x
Sol. y=e y=x
2
y=ln x
O 1 2 X
1 2 
A = 2 ·2 ·2   ln x dx  = 6 – 2ln 4. ]

2 
 1 
T-3
4. The area bounded by the curves f(x) = x3 – 3x and g(x) = 2x2 in the second quadrant is
12 7 2 3
(1) (2) (3) (4)
23 12 3 5
Ans. (2)
Sol. Solving y1 and y2, we get x = 0, – 1, 3
0
Required area =  ( y1  y 2 ) dx
1
0
3
=  (x  3x  2 x 2 ) dx
1
y
y1 = x3 – 3x
y1
y2 y2 = 2x2
x
 3 –1 O
3
0
 x 4 3x 2 2 x 3 
=    

 4 2 3  1
1 3 2  3  18  8  7
=0–     =–  = .
4 2 3  12  12
 x  y  f ( x )  f ( y)
15. Let f : R  R be a differentiable function satisfying f  =  x, y  R.
 2  2
If f (0) = 1 and f ' (0) = – 1 then the area bounded by the curve y = f (x) and coordinate axes is
2 1 1
(1) 1 (2) (3) (4)
3 4 2
Ans. (4)
Sol. f(x) = – x + 1. ]
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9
41. Let R be the region in the first quadrant bounded by x and y-axis and the graph of f (x) = x
25
+ b and y = f –1(x). If the area of R is 49, then the value of b is
25 28 5 9
(1) (2) (3) (4)
9 5 28 25
Ans. (2)
9
Sol. f (x) = x+b
25
25
then f –1(x) = (x – b)
9
science f (x) and f –1(x) intersect at y = x.
P
25 b, 25 b
(0, b) A 16 16
 25 25  9 x+b
Point of intersection is  y=
(b) · b  25 C
 16 16 
0
y = 25 (x – b)
9
Required area = 2 (ar OAP)

1 25 
 2  b· b  = 49
2 16 
49  16
b2 =
25
7  4 28
b= = Ans. ]
5 5
Numerical Value
1. The area of the domain of the function f(x, y) = 16  x 2  y 2  x  y is k where k equals

Ans. (12)
Sol. From the first radical sign
x2 + y2  16 i.e. interior of a circle with circle (0, 0) and radius 4.
From the 2nd radical sign y  |x|
3
i.e. th of the circle
4
y
3
x  Required area = (·16) = 12
O 4
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10. The area of the region enclosed between the curves y = x2, y = x and between the two lines x =
2 and
x = 0, is
Ans. (1)
1 2
2
Sol.  (x  x ) dx   ( x 2  x ) dx = 1.
0 1
32. If the area bounded by the graph of y = xe–ax (a > 0) and the abscissa axis is 1/9 then the value
of 'a' is equal to
Ans. (3)
Sol. y = xe –ax
y' = e–ax – xae–ax
= e–ax(1 – ax) = 0
1
 x=
a
as x  , y  0
x  – , y  
  

x ·e ax 
ax 1  ax 1  ax  1 1
A = x e dx =    e dx = (0) – 2 e  = – 2 [0 – 1] = 2
a  a0 a 0 a a
0 I II 0
1 1
 2 =  a = 3. Ans.]
a 9
35.  1 1
If the area enclosed between f(x) = Min. cos (cos x ), cot (cot x ) and x-axis in x  (, 2) is 
2
where k  N, then k is equal to
k
Ans. (4)
 3
 x   ;  x  2
Sol. f(x) 
3
 2  x ;  x  2
 2
• y=
y=x B (3/2, /2)


x– f (x
)=
)= 2
f(x –x
x
A x = 3 C
x= x = 2
Clearly, required area

1  2 2
= area of shaded portion of ABC = ×× = =
2 2 4 k
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 On comparing, we get k = 4. Ans.]
37. If f(x) = [ x ]  | x  1 | + 1 + x, then area enclosed by the graph of f(x) and the x-axis from x = –2
to x = 2 is
Ans. (12)
 3; 1 x  2
2 ; 0  x 1
Sol. f (x) =  3;  1  x  0

 4 ;  2  x  1
Required area = 12 Ans. ]
ANSWER KEY
1. (1)
SOLUTION
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MA TH EM ATI C S

EST I NF
ORM AT IO NO. 13
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION
SINGLE CORRECT :
1. The differential equation of all parabolas having their axis of symmetry coinciding with the axis of
x has its order and degree respectively
(1) (2, 1) (2) (2, 2) (3) (1, 2) (4) (1, 1)
2. The differential equation of all parabolas each of which has a latus rectum '4a' & whose axes are
parallel to x-axis is :
(1) of order 1 & degree 2 (2) of order 2 & degree 3
(3) of order 2 and degree 1 (4) of order 2 and degree 2
3. A curve is such that the area of the region bounded by the co-ordinate axes, the curve & the
ordinate of any point on it is equal to the cube of that ordinate. The curve represents
(1) a pair of straight lines (2) a circle
(3) a parabola (4) an ellipse
dy
4. The solution of the equation, sin1 = x + y is :
dx
(1) tan (x + y) + sec (x + y) = x + c (2) tan (x + y)  sec (x + y) = x + c
(3) tan (x + y) + sec (x + y)  x + c = 0 (4) none
5. Consider the two statements

Statement-1: y = sin kt satisfies the differential equation y '' + 9y = 0.
Statement-2: y = ekt satisfy the differential equation y'' + y' – 6y = 0
The value of k for which both the statements are correct is
(1) – 3 (2) 0 (3) 2 (4) 3
6. Let a solution y = y(x) of the differential equation ey dy – (2 + cos x) dx = 0 satisfy y(0) = 0 then the

value of f   is equal to
2
(1) ln  (2) ln (2 + ) (3) ln (1 + ) (4) does not exist
dy y
7. The solution of the differential equation, + = x2, where y(1) = 1 is
dx x
(1) 4y = x4 + 3 (2) 4xy = x4 + 3 (3) 4y = x3 + 3 (4) 4xy = x3 + 3
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dy 3
8. The general solution of differential equation x4 + x y + cosec xy = 0, is
dx
1
(1) 2 cos (xy) + =C (2) 2 cos (x y) + y–2 = C
x2
(3) 2 sin y + x–2 = C (4) 2 sin (xy) + y–2 = C
[Note: Where 'C' is constant of integration.]
y1
9. If slope of the tangent at the point (x , y) on the curve is , then the equation of the curve
x2  x
passing through M(1 , 0) is
(1) (y  1) (x + 1) + 2x = 0 (2) (y  1) (x – 1) = 0
(3) (y  1) (x + 1) – 2x = 0 (4) (y  1) (x – 1) = 0
dy
10. Let y2x – x + 1 = 0. If y(1) = 3, then the value of y (e) is equal to
dx
1 1 1 1
(1) 3e  7 3 (2) 3e  9 3 (3) 3e  7 3 (4) 3e  9 3
 2  sin x  dy 
11. If   = – cos x, y (0) = 1, then y   =
 1  y  dx 2
(1) 1 (2) 1/2 (3) 1/3 (4) 1/4
12. The real value of m for which the substitution, y = um will transform the differential equation,
dy
2x4y + y4 = 4x6 into a homogeneous equation is :
dx
(1) m = 0 (2) m = 1 (3) m = 3/2 (4) no value of m
dy xy 1
13. Let y = f (x) satisfy the differential equation = , y (1) = 1, then y   is equal to
dx x e
2 1
(1) 2e (2) (3) 0 (4)
e e
14. The general solution of the differential equation, y  + y  (x)  (x) . (x) = 0 where  (x) is a
known function is :
(1) y = ce(x) + (x)  1 (2) y = ce+(x) + (x)  1
(3) y = ce (x) 
 (x) + 1 (4) y = ce(x) + (x) + 1
where c is an arbitrary constant .
15. A function y = f (x) satisfies the differential equation f(x) · sin 2x – cos x + (1 + sin2x) f ' (x) = 0 with
initial condition y (0) = 0. The value of f  6 is equal to
(1) 1/5 (2) 3/5 (3) 4/5 (4) 2/5
dy
16. If the differentiable equation – y = y2(sin x + cos x) with y (0) = 1 then y () has the value equal
dx
to
(1) e (2) – e (3) e– (4) – e–
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17. The equation of curve passing through origin and satisfying the differential equation
dy
(1 + x2) + 2xy = 4x2 , is
dx
(1) 3(1 + x2) y = 2x3 (2) (1 + x2) y = x3 (3) (1 + x2) y = 3x3 (4) 3(1 + x2) y = 4x3
dy 
18. The solution of differentiable equation 2y sin x = sin 2x – y2 cos x satisfying y   = 1 is
dx 2
(1) y2 = cos x + 1 (2) y = sin2 x
(3) y2 sin x = 4 cos2x + 1 (4) y2 = sin x
19. A curve y = f (x) is passing through (0, 0). If the slope of the curve at any point (x, y) is equal
to (x + xy), then the number of solution of the equation f (x) = 1, is
(1) 0 (2) 1 (3) 2 (4) 4
dy 
20. The solution of the differential equation, 2 x2y = tan (x2y2)  2xy2 given y(1) = is
dx 2
(1) sinx2y2 = ex–1 (2) sin(x2y2) = x (3) cosx2y2 + x = 0 (4) sin(x2y2) = e.ex
1
21. If y = f(x) is the solution of the differential equation x2dy + xydx = dx such that f(e) = , then
e
e
 f ( x) dx equals
1
e 1 1 e
(1) e – 1 (2) (3) (4)
2 2 2
22. General solution of x2ydx = (x3 + y3)dy, is (where c being arbitrary constants)
x2 x2 x3 x
(1) = ln |x| + c (2) = ln |y| + c (3) = ln |y| + c (4) – 2 ln |x| + 3 ln |y| = c
2y2 2y2 3y 3 y
23. Spherical rain drop evaporates at a rate proportional to its surface area. The differential equation
corresponding to the rate of change of the radius of the rain drop if the constant of proportionality
is K > 0, is
dr dr dr
(1) K = 0 (2) K = 0 (3)  Kr (4) none
dt dt dt
24. Orthogonal trajectories of family of the curve x 2 3  y 2 3  a 2 3 , where 'a' is any arbitrary constant,
is
(1) x 2 3  y 2 3  c (2) x 4 3  y 4 3  c (3) x 4 3  y 4 3  c (4) x1 3  y1 3  c
25. A spherical balloon is being inflated at the rate of 35 cc/min. The rate of increase in surface area
(in cm2/min.) of the balloon when its diameter is 14 cm, is
(1) 100 (2) 10 10 (3) 10 (4) 10
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Numerical Value
26. Let f be a differentiable function satisfying f '(x) = 2f(x) + 10 and f(0) = 0 then the number of
roots of the equation f(x) + 5 sec2x = 0 in (0, 2p) is
d3 y dy
3
 13
27. If the function y = e4x + 2e–x is a solution of the differential equation dx
dx  K then the
y
value of K is :
28. If xdy = y(dx + ydy), y(1) = 1 and y(x) > 0, then y(–3) is equal to
dy
29. Let y = f(x) satisfies the differential equation (1 + x 2) + 2xy = 2x and f(0) = 2.
dx
Then the number of integers in the range of f(x) is
 b
30. The cost of running a bus from A to B, is Rs  av   , where v k.m/hr. is the average speed
 v
of the bus. when the bus travels at 30 k.m/hr., the cost comes out to be Rs. 75 while at 40 k.m/
hr., it is Rs. 65. The most economical speed (in k.m/hr.) of the bus is
dy
31. Let y = f(x) be a real valued function satisfying x = x2 + y – 2, f (1) = 1 then f (3) equals
dx
x dy
32. Let y = f (x) be a function satisfying the differential equation + 2y = 4x2 and f (1) = 1,
dx
then f (– 3) is equal to
33. The order of differential equation corresponding to y = c1 cos 2x + c2 cos2 x + c3 sin2 x + c4 is
34. A function is continuous and differentiable on R0 satisfying x f '(x) + f(x) = 1  x in its domain.
If f(1) = 2, then range of function does not contain
dy
35. If x = x2 + y – 2, y (1) = 1, then y(2) equals
dx
ANSWER KEY
1. (1) 2. (3) 3. (3) 4. (2) 5. (1) 6. (2) 7. (2)
8. (1) 9. (1) 10. (1) 11. (3) 12. (3) 13. (3) 14. (1)
15. (4) 16. (1) 17. (4) 18. (4) 19. (3) 20. (1) 21. (3)
22. (3) 23. (1) 24. (2) 25. (4) 26. (0) 27. (12) 28. (3)
29. (1) 30. (60) 31. (5) 32. (9) 33. (2) 34. (1) 35. (2)
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SOLUTION
1. Equation (x  a)2 + y2 = (x  b)2 [ S = (a , 0) ; D : x = b ]
y2 = (b2  a2) + 2x (a  b)
2 2 2
d 2y  dy  d y  dy 
differentiate twice to get y 2 +   = 0 ; y x +   = 0.
dx  dx  dx  dx 
2. 2
Equation to the family of parabolas is (y – k) = 4a(x  h)
dy
2(y – k) = 4a
dx
dy
 (y – k) = 2a
dx
2
d 2 y  dy 
(y – k) 2 +   = 0
dx  dx 
3
d 2 y  dy 
2a 2 +   = 0. Hence order is 2 and degree is 1.
dx  dx 
x
3.  f ( x) dx = y3
0
Differentiating
dy
f (x) = 3y2.
dx
dy
y = 3y2
dx
 y = 0 (rejected)
or 3y dy = dx
3y 2
= x + c  parabola
2
4. Answer is tan (x + y)  sec (x + y) = x + c. ]
5. S-1: y = sin kt, y' = k cos kt;

y''= – k2 sin kt
 – k2 sin kt + 9 sin kt = 0
sin kt [9 – k2] = 0  k = 0, k = 3, k = – 3
S-2: y = ekt, y' = k ekt; y'' = k2 ekt
 k2 ekt + kekt – 6 ekt = 0
ekt[k2 + k – 6] = 0
(k + 3)(k – 2) = 0
k = – 3 or 2
common value is k = – 3 Ans. ]
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y x
y
6. Seperable  e dy =  (2  cos x) dx  ey – 1 = 2x + sin x
0 0

For x = , we find y = ln (2 + ). Ans.]
2
7. Answer is 4xy = x4 + 3]
8. x4dy + x3ydx + cosec (xy) dx = 0

x3 (x dx + y dx) + cosec (xy)dx = 0
d( xy ) dx
  cosec (xy)   x3  0
x 31
– cos xy + =C
 3 1
 2 cos (xy) + x–2 = C ]
dy y 1
9. We have = (Given)
dx x ( x  1)
dy dx
  y 1 =  x(x  1)
 ln | y – 1 | = ln x – ln (x + 1) + C
when x = 1, y = 0, so
0 = 0 – ln 2 + C  C = ln 2
( y  1)(x  1) ( y  1)(x  1)
 ln = 0  =1  (y  1) (x + 1) + 2x = 0 Ans.]
2x 2x
dy x 1 1
10. y2 = =1–
dx x x
 1
y2dy = 1   dx
 x
y3
integrating = x + ln x + C
3
If x = 1; y = 3
9=1–0+C  C=8
y3
 = x – ln x + 8; Now, when x = e
3
y3 = 3e  7 
1
 y (e) = 3e  7 3 Ans.]
 2  sin x  dy 
11.   = – cos x ; y (0) = 1; y   =?
 1  y  dx 2
cos dx dy cos x dx dy
 = 0;  2  sin x   1  y =c; ln (2 + sinx) + ln (1 + y) = c
2  sin x 1  y
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x = 0, y = 1
ln 2 + ln 2 = c  c = ln 4
ln(1 + y) (2 + sinx) = ln 4
 (1 + y ) (2 + sinx) = 4
 4 1
when x = , (1 + y)3 = 4 1 + y =  y= ]
2 3 3
dy dy du
12. y = um  = m um  1 . Hence 2 x4 . um . m um  1 . + u4m = 4 x6 .
dx dx dx
du 4 x6  u 4 m
=  4m = 6
dx 2 m x 4 u 2 m 1
3 3
 m= and 2m – 1 = 2  m =
2 2
dy y
13.  1 (Homogenous differential equation)  f (x) = x ln x + x. ]
dx x
dy
14. + y '(x) =  (x).'(x)
dx
( x ) dx
I.F. = e   e ( x )
hence y.e(x) =  e(x).(x).'(x) dx
=  et.t dt where  (x) = t

= tet – et + C = (x).e(x) – e(x) + C
 y = ce–(x) + (x) – 1
dy
15. y sin 2x – cos x + (1 + sin2x) = 0 where y = f (x)
dx
dy  sin 2 x  cos x
+   y =
dx  1  sin 2 x  1  sin 2 x
sin 2 x dt
 1sin 2 x dx  2
I.F. = e = e t
= eln (1sin x)
= 1 + sin2x (by putting 1 + sin2x = t)
y(1 + sin2x) =  cos x dx

y(1 + sin2x) = sin x + C ; (y(0) = 0)  C=0
sin x
hence, y =
1  sin 2 x
  2
y    Ans. ]
6 5
dy
16. – y = y2(sin x + cos x)
dx
1 dy 1 1 1 dy dt
2 – = sin x + cos x ; Let – =t  2 =
y dx y y y dx dx
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dt
+ t = sin x + cos x
dx
I.F. ex
x 1 x
 t · ex = e (sin x  cos x ) dx ; – e = ex sin x + C
y
if x = 0, y = 1
ex
 C=–1– = ex sin x – 1
y
ex
if x =  then – =–1
y
 y = e Ans. ]
dy  2x 
y 4x 2
17. +  = (Linear differential equation) ]
dx  1  x 2  1 x2
I. F. = 1 + x2. Now, general solution is 3y (1 + x2) = 4x3 (using y(0) = 0)
dy
18. 2y + y2 · cot x = 2 cos x
dx
dt
put y2 = t  + (cot x) t = 2 cos x
dx
I.F. = eln (sin x) = sin x
 we get y2 = sin x Ans. ]
dy
19. = x + xy
dx
dy
– xy = x
dx
x 2
I.F. = e 2
x 2 x2 x2
y ·e 2 =  xe 2 dx =  e 2 C
x2
y= C· e 2 –1
at x = 0, y = 0
 C=1
y
y=2
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x2
 f (x) = e2 –1
x2
 f (x) = 1  e2 =2
Number of solution is 2. Ans.]
20. put x2y2 = z

dy 2
Given x 2.2y  y .2x  tan (x 2 y2 )
dx
d 2 2
(x y )  tan(x 2 y2 ) put x2 y2 = z
dx
now given expression transforms to
dz
= tan z
dx
  dx =  cot z dz
x = ln (sin z) + C
 
when x = 1 , y =  z=  C=1
2 2
 x = ln sin (x2y2) + 1
 ln sin(x2y2) = x – 1
sin (x2 y2) = ex–1]
21. x (x dy + y dx) = dx
dx
 d(xy) =  xy = ln x + C
x
1
 f(e) = C=0
e
ln x
 y= = f(x)
x
e e
ln x 1 2  1
Now, I =  dx = ln x  = . Ans.]
x 2 1 2
1
22.  x2y dx = x3 dy + y3 dy
x 2 ( y dx  x dy) y3 dy 2 x
 2 = 2  x d  = y dy
y y  y
x2  x  dy x3
  2 d     = ln |y| + c
y y y 3y 3
dV
23. = – k4r2 ....(1)
dt
4 3 dV dr
but V= r  = 4r2 ....(2)
3 dt dt
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dr
hence =–K  (1) ]
dt
2 1 3 2 1 3 dy dy
24. x  y  0;
3 3 dx dx
y1 3
= – 13
x
 dy  y1 3
m  = – 1; m =1
 dx  x1 3
13 3 43 3 43
y dy   x1 3dx ; y = x +c
4 4
x4 3  y4 3 = c ]
4 3 dV dr dr
25. V= r  = 4r2 
3 dt dt dt
 35 
=  .......(1)
 4r 2 
dS dr
Also, S = 4r2   = 8r
dt dt
 35  70
= (8r)  2
=
 4r  r
dS  70

dt  r7 = 7 = 10 ]
dy
26. Given, f '(x) = 2f ( x )  5 or = 2dx. On integrating, we get
y5
ln ( y  5) = 2x + c, if x = 0 ; y = 0  c = ln 5
 y5
 ln   = 2x  y + 5 = 5e2x
 5 
y = 5e2x – 5 f(x) = 5(e2x – 1)
Now, f(x) + 5 sec2x = 5(e2x + tan2x) = 0
So, no solution exist (0, 2). Ans.]
Alternative : f '(x) – 2 f(x) = 10
dy
– 2y = 10 ; Integrating factor = e–2x
dx
y · e–2x = – 5e2x – 5
f(0) = 0 ; c = 5
 y = 5e2x – 5
 f(x) = 5 (e2x – 1)
Hence, f(x) + 5 sec2x = 0  e2x + tan2x = 0  No solution. Ans.]
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27. y = e4x + 2e–x ; y1 = 4e4x – 2e–x ; y2 = 16e4x + 2e–x ; y3 = 64e4x – 2e–x
Now, y3 – 13y1 = (64e4x – 2e–x) – 13(4e4x – 2e–x) = 12e4x + 24e–x
= 12(e4x + 2e–x) = 12y
y 3  13y1
 = 12  D]
y
28. Given,
xdy  ydx x x
2 = dy  d   = – dy 
y  y y
=–y+C
x
As, y(1) = 1  C = 2  y2
y
Put x = – 3, we get
– 3 + y2 = 2y  (y + 1) (y – 3) = 0
As y>0
So, y (x = – 3) = 3. Ans.]
dy  2 x   2x 
29. Given,   y =   (Linear differential equation)
dx  1  x   1 x 
ln (1  x 2 )
 I.F. = e = 1 + x2 .
So, general solution is
y · (1 + x2)
y-axis
(0,2)
y=1
x-axis
O(0,0)
x=a(a>0)
x2  2
Graph of f ( x ) 
x2  1
 2x 
  1  x 2  · 1  x  dx  C
2
=
 y (1 + x2) = x2 + C
As y (0) = 2  2 = 0 + c
 x2  2  
 y = f(x) =  2  = 1  1 
 2
 x 1   x 1
Range of f(x) = (1, 2]. Ans.]
1 v 1800
30. Here a = , b = 1800. Now, c (v) = + c ' (v) = 0
2 2 v
v = 60 k.m/hr.
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d 2c 
Also, 
dv 2  v60 = positive quantity..
 cmin. (v = 60) = 60
dy   1  
31.   y = x –
dx  x  x
(linear differential equation)
1
I.F. = e– ln x =
x
 y(x) = x2 – 2x + 2. Ans.]
dy  2 
32.    y  4x
dx  x 
(Linear differentiable equation)
2 dx
I.F. = e  x
 x2
2
So, y · (x2) =  (4x) x dx  c  y(x2) = x4 + c
As, y(1) = 1  1 = 1 + c  c = 0
So, f (x) = x2  f (–3) = 9 Ans. ]
c2 c3
33. y = c1 cos 2x + (1 + cos 2x) + (1 – cos 2x) + c4
2 2
 c 2 c3   c c 
=    c4    c1  2  3  cos 2x
 2 2   2 2
= A + B cos 2x
 Equation has only two independent parameters
Hence, order is 2. ]
1 1
34. f '(x) + f(x) =
x x
I.F. = x
 x · f(x) = x + C
f(1) = 2  C = 1
x 1
 f(x) = .
x
dy 1  2
35. Given  y  x  
dx x  x
1
  dx 1
I.F. = e x  e  ln x 
x
y  21 y 2
Now general solution is given by    x   dx   x C
x  xx x x
As y (1) = 1  C=–2
y 2
  x   2  y = x2 – 2x + 2
x x
Hence y(2) = (2)2 – 2(2) + 2 = 2 Ans.]
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MA TH EM ATI C S
DPP DAILY PRACTICE P ROBLEMS

EST I NF
ORM AT IO NO. 14
MATRICES & DETERMINANTS
SINGLE CORRECT :
2010
 k k  1
1. For k  N, let Ak = 
k  1 k 
. Then  det (A k ) equals
k 1
(1) 0 (2) (2010)2 (3) (2009)2 (4) (2011)2
i  j, if ij  odd
2. Consider a matrix A = [aij]3 × 3, where aij =  2 .
i , if ij  even
3
If bij is cofactor of aij in matrix A and dij =  a ik b jk , then the value of 3 det (dij ) is equal to
k 1
(1) 4 (2) 24 (3) – 48 (4) – 24
1 2 5
3. There are two numbers x making the value of the determinant 2 x  1 equal to 86. The
0 4 2x
sum of these two numbers, is
(1) – 4 (2) 5 (3) – 3 (4) 9
x 2  3x x 1 x  3
4. If px4 + qx3 + rx2 + sx + t  x 1 2  x x  3 then t =
x3 x  4 3x
(1) 33 (2) 0 (3) 21 (4) none

2 2
a x
 a x  a x
 a x  1
2 2
5. If a, b, c > 0 & x, y, z  R , then the determinant b y
 b y  b y
 b y  1 =
2 2
c z
 c z  c z
 c z  1
(1) axbycz (2) axbycz (3) a2xb2yc2z (4) zero
a 1 a  2 a  p
6. If a  2 a  3 a  q = 0 , then p, q, r are in :
a 3 a 4 a r
(1) AP (2) GP (3) HP (4) none
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x x x
C1 C2 C3
y y y
7. The determinant C1 C2 C3 =
z z z
C1 C2 C3
1 1
(1) xyz (x + y) (y + z) (z + x) (2) xyz (x + y  z) (y + z  x)
3 4
1
(3) xyz (x  y) (y  z) (z  x) (4) none
12
bc a a
8. The determinant b ca b =
c c ab
(1) 2 abc (2) 3 abc (3) 4 abc (4) none
 a b c  4 x 2a  p 
9. Let A =  p q r  and B =  4 y 2b  q  .
x y z  4 z 2c  r 
   
If det (A) = 2, then the value of det (B) is equal to
(1) –8 (2) 8 (3) –16 (4) 16
a b ab a c ac D1
10. Let D1 = c d c  d and D2 = b d b  d then the value of where b  0 and
a b ab a c abc D2
ad  bc, is
(1) – 2 (2) 0 (3) – 2b (4) 2b
a 2 1 ab ac
2
ab b 1 bc
11. If a, b, c are real then the value of determinant = 1 if
2
ac bc c 1
(1) a + b + c = 0 (2) a + b + c = 1 (3) a + b + c = –1 (4) a = b = c = 0
12. If the system of equations

x + 2y + 2z = 1
x – y + 3z = 3
x + 11y – z = b
has solutions, then the value of b lies in the interval
(1) (– 7, – 4) (2) (– 4, 0) (3) (0, 3) (4) (3, 6)
13. The system of equations

kx + (k + 1)y + (k – 1) z = 0
(k + 1)x + ky + (k + 2) z = 0
(k – 1)x + (k + 2)y + kz = 0
has a non-trivial solution for
(1) exactly three real values of k. (2) exactly two real values of k.
(3) exactly one real value of k. (4) infinite number of values of k.
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14. The set of equations
x – y + (cos) z = 0
3x + y + 2z =0
(cos)x + y + 2z = 0
0 <  < 2 , has non- trivial solution(s)
(1) for no value of  and 
(2) for all values of  and 
(3) for all values of  and only two values of 
(4) for only one value of  and all values of 
15. If the system of equations x – ky – z = 0, kx – y – z = 0, x + y – z = 0 has a non-zero solution,
then the possible values of k are
(1) –1, – 2 (2) 1, – 2 (3) –1, 2 (4) –1, 1
16. The values of k for which the system of equations
kx + y + z = 0
x – ky + z = 0
x+y+z=0
possesses non-zero solutions, are given by
(1) 1, 2 (2) 1, – 2 (3) – 1, 1 (4) – 1, – 2
 sin  cos 
17. Consider a matrix A () =   cos  sin   then

(1) A() is symmetric (2) A() is skew symmetric
 
(3) A–1() = A( – ) (4) A2() = A   2 
2 
 3 2   1 1 2  1
18. If 7 A 
 5  2 1 0 4  , then trace of A is equal to
(1) – 25 (2) – 21 (3) – 15 (4) – 11
19. If A =
1 1 and det. (An – I) = 1 – n, n  N then the value of , is
1 1
(1) 1 (2) 2 (3) 3 (4) 4
 x2 ex  sin x 
 2 2
20. If the trace of matrix A =  cos (x ) x  x  3 ln | x |  is zero, then x is equal to
 0 tan 1 x x  7 

(1) – 2 or 3 (2) – 3 or – 2 (3) – 3 or 2 (4) 2 or 3
 3 2  3 1 9 –1
21. Let the matrix A and B be defined as A = 2 1 and B = 7 3 then the value of Det.(2A B ),

is
(1) 2 (2) 1 (3) – 1 (4) – 2
22. Matrix A satisfies A2 = 2A – I where I is the identity matrix then for n  2, An is equal to (n  N)
(1) nA – I (2) 2n – 1A – (n – 1)I (3) nA – (n – 1)I (4) 2n – 1A – I
23. If A, B and C are n × n matrices and det(A) = 2, det(B) = 3 and det(C) = 5, then the value of the
det(A2BC–1) is equal to
6 12 18 24
(1) (2) (3) (4)
5 5 5 5
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sin  0 
24. Let A =  . If A + AT is a null matrix, then the number of values of  in (0, 6), is
 0  sin 
(1) 4 (2) 3 (3) 2 (4) 1
 a 1
25. If A =   1 b  where a and b are real number. If A2 is a null matrix then the product ab equals
 
(1) 0 (2) 1 (3) – 1 (4) ± 1
26. P is an orthogonal matrix and A is a periodic matrix with period 4 and Q = PAPT then X = PTQ2005P
will be equal to
(1) A (2) A2 (3) A3 (4) A4
 3 1 
 
 2 2 
1 1
27. Let A =   , B = 0 1 and C = AB AT, then AT C3A is equal to
 1 3  
2 2 

 3 1 1 0  3
    1  1 3
(1)  2 2 (2)  3 1 (3)  2  (4*) 0 1 
1 0  2  0 3  
1 2 1 0
28. Let A = 
3  5
and B = 
0 2 . If X be a matrix such that A = B X then detadj X  equals
5 7  11
(1) (2) (3) – 5 (4)
2 2 2
29. If A and B are invertible matrices, which one of the following statements is not correct?
(1) adj. A = |A| A –1 (2) det (A–1) = (det (A))–1
(3) (A + B)–1 = B–1 + A–1 (4) (AB)–1 = B–1A–1
1  1 1  4 2 2
30. Let A =  2 1  3  and 10B =   5 0   . If B is the inverse of matrix A, then  is
1 1 1   1  2 3 
(1) – 2 (2) – 1 (3) 2 (4) 5
Numerical Value
sin  sin 2 sin 3
31. Number of solutions of the equation sin 2 sin 3 sin  = 0 in [0, 2] is
sin 3 sin  sin 2
32. The smallest real value of K so that the system of equations has no solution,
x – y + 2z = 1
3x – y + 2z = 0
x + 2y – Kz = 0
cos(x  ) cos(x  ) cos(x  ) 30
33. If f (x) = sin( x   ) sin( x  ) sin( x   ) and f (0) = –2 then  | f (r ) | equals
sin(    ) sin(   ) sin(   ) r 1
x  y  z  0
34. If the system of equations x  y  z  0 
x  y  z  0 
has a unique solution, then the range of  is R – {a, b}. Then the value of (a2 + b2) is
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 sin  1 0
35. Let f() = 1 0 sin  .Number of solutions of the equation f() = 0 in (0, 2) is
sin  1 1
36. If the maximum number of distinct elements in a symmetric matrix of order n is 45, then the
value of n is
 0  4 0
37. If A =  and B =  , then number of distinct values of  for which A2 = Bequals
1 
1  1 1
1
38. Area of triangle whose vertices (a, a2) (b, b2) (c, c2) is , and area of another triangle whose
2
(1  ap) 2 (1  bp) 2 (1  cp) 2
vertices are (p, p2), (q, q2) and (r, r2) is 4, then the value of (1  aq) 2 (1  bq ) 2 (1  cq) 2 , is
(1  ar) 2 (1  br ) 2 (1  cr) 2
log 3 512 log 4 3 log 2 3 log 8 3

39. The value of is equal to
log 3 8 log 4 9 log 3 4 log 3 4
x a b cx 2 2a  b
40. Let D1 =  1 0 x and D2 = x 2 1 .
x 2 1 1 0 x
If all the roots of the equation (x2 – 4x – 7) (x2 – 2x – 3) = 0 satisfies the equation D1 + D2 = 0
then find the value of (a + 4b + c).
1  p 2 x (1  q 2 ) x (1  r 2 ) x
2 2 2
41. If p2 + q2 + r2 = – 2 and g (x) = (1  p ) x 1  q x (1  r ) x for all x  R
(1  p 2 ) x (1  q 2 ) x 1  r 2 x
4
then find the value of definite integral  g (x ) dx .
1
42. Consider the system of equations
x+y+z=4
2x + y + 3z = 6
x + 2y + pz = q
Let L denotes the value of p if the system of equations has no solution.
and M denotes the value of q if the system of equations has infinite solutions.
Find the value of (L2 + M2).
x 2  cos 2A x  sin 2A 0
43. Let x1, x2, ……, x6 be the roots of the equation 0 x 2  cos 2B x  sin 2B = 0
x  sin 2C 0 x 2  cos 2C
 2 4  1 
where A = , B= and C = then find the value of   .
7 7 7  x1x 2 
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44. If the system of linear equations
(cos ) x + (sin ) y + cos  = 0
(sin ) x + (cos ) y + sin  = 0
(cos ) x + (sin ) y – cos  = 0
is consistent, then find the number of possible values of  [0, 2].
 3 2   1 7
45. Given the matrices A = 4 3 and B =  3 5 . Find the sum of the absolute value of the

entries of the matrices X and Y satisfying AX = B and YA = B.
46. If A is a square matrix of order 3 such that det.(A) = 2, then find det.((adj. A–1)–1).
[Note: adj. P denotes adjoint of square matrix P.]
1  1 1  det .adj. B
47. Let A = 0 2  3 . If B = adj A and C = 5A, then find the value of .
 2 1 0  det .(C)
[Note : det. (P) and adj. P denote the deteminant of square matrix P and adjoint of square matrix
P respectively.]
48. Find the sum of values of x, y and z satisfying the matrix equation
 3 0 3  x  8 2 y 
 2 1 0  y   1   z  .
 4 0 2  z  4 3y 
       
3 2 p q
49. Let A =  and B =  be two matrices such that AB = diag(d 111, d 22 ).
  1 4 r s 
If | q + 1 | + r  2 = 0, then find the value of (d111 + d22).

[Note: diag(a11, d22) denotes the diagonal matrix of order 2 × 2.]
1 2 2
50. Let the matrix A =  2 1 2 be a zero divisor of the polynomial f (x) = x2 – 4x – 5. Find the sum
 2 2 1
of all the elements in the matrix A3.
ANSWER KEY
1. (2) 2. (3) 3. (1) 4. (3) 5. (0) 6. (1) 7. (3)
8. (3) 9. (3) 10. (1) 11. (4) 12. (1) 13. (3) 14. (1)
15. (4) 16. (3) 17. (3) 18. (2) 19. (2) 20. (3) 21. (4)
22. (3) 23. (2) 24. (4) 25. (3) 26. (1) 27. (4) 28. (4)
29. (1) 30. (4) 31. (7) 32. (4) 33. (60) 34. (2) 35. (4)
36. (9) 37. (1) 38. (16) 39. (10) 40. (0) 41. (9) 42. (36)
43. (2) 44. (2) 45. (120) 46. (4) 47. (1) 48. (6) 49. (35)
50. (375)
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SOLUTION
k k 1
1. We have det (Ak) = = k2 – (k – 1)2 = 2k – 1
k 1 k
2010 2010
  det (A k ) =  (2k  1) = sum of first 2010 odd natural numbers = (2010)2 Ans.]
k 1 k 1
 0 1  2
 
2. Clearly, A =  4 4 4   | A | = – 48
2 9 0 
 
3
0, if i j
dij =  aik b jk = 
ij
k 1 | A |, if
A 0 0
3
 dij = 0 A 0 = A
0 0 A
 det ( d ij ) =
3
A = – 48. Ans.]
3. D = (2x2 + 4) – 2(– 4x – 20)

= 2x2 + 8x + 44 = 86
= 2x2 + 8x – 42 = 0  x2 + 4x – 21 = 0   +  = – 4 Ans. ]
4. Put x = 0 & then evaluate

5. Answer is Zero]
6. Use R2  R2 – R1 & R3  R3 – R2 & then

1 a  2 a  p
c1  c1 – c2 to get 1 1 q  p open by c1 to get p + r = 2q
1 1 r q
8. put a = b = c = 1
x a p x a p
9. | B | = 8 y b  q = 8 y b q
z c r z c r
x y z
= 8 a b c = – 8 | A | = –16 Ans. ]
p q r
10. Using: C3  C3 – (C1 + C2), D1
a b ab
= c d cd and D2
a b ab
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a c ac
= b d bd
a c abc
D1  2b(ad  bc )
 D2 = = – 2 Ans. ]
b(ad  bc )
11. Multiply R1 by a, R2 by b & R3 by c & divide the determinant by abc. Now take a, b & c
common from c1, c2 & c3. Now use C1  C1 + C2 + C3 to get ]
1 1 1
b2 b2  1 b2
(a2 + b2 + c2 + 1) = 1. Now use c1  c1 – c2 & c2  c2 – c3
c2 c2 c2  1
we get 1 + a2 + b2 + c2 = 1  a=b=c=0
12. x + 2y + 2z = 1 ....(1)
x – y + 3z = 3 ....(2)
x + 11y – z = b ....(3)
From (1) and (2)
z = 2 + 3y and x = – 8y – 3
Put in equation (3)
 b = – 5. Ans.]
13. To have a non-trivial solution, we must have

k k  1 k 1
k 1 k k  2 = 0  2k + 1 = 0
k 1 k  2 k
1
 k= .
2
Aliter : Applying R1  R1 – R2 and R2  R2 – R3, we get
1 1 3
2 2 2 =0
k 1 k  2 k
Applying C1  C1 – C2 and C2  C2 – C3
2 4 3
we get, 4 4 2 = 0
3 2 k
Expanding along R1, we get
– 2 (– 4k – 4) – 4(4k + 6) – 3(8 – 12) = 0  8k + 8 – 16k – 24 – 24 + 36 = 0
 – 4 – 8k = 0  8k = – 4
1
 k= . Ans.]
2
14. D = cos – cos2 + 6  0 since D  0  only trivial solution is possible
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15. Clearly,  = 0
1  k 1
 k  1  1 = 0  k  1 .
1 1 1
16. Put  = 0
k 1 1
 1 k 1 = 0  k2 = 1
1 1 1
 k = ± 1.]
 sin  cos 
17. As A() =   cos  sin  

A() is certainly neither symmetric nor skew symmetric
 sin   cos 
Further, A( – ) = cos  sin  

and A() · A( – )
 sin  cos   sin   cos 
=   cos  sin   cos  sin  

1 0
= 0 1  A–1() = A( – )
 
 sin  cos   sin  cos    cos 2 sin 2   

 2  ]
A2() =   cos 
 sin     cos  sin   =   sin 2  cos 2  A  2 
18. Given PAQ = R
AQ = P–1R
A = P–1RQ–1
1 1
 3 2  2  1   1 1
A= 
7 5 0 4   2 1
5  2 2  1 1  1
=  7 3  0 4  2  1

5  2 0  1    16 3 
=  7 3  8  4 =  24  5

 Tr(A) = – 16 + (–5) = – 21 Ans.]
 2n 1  1 2n 1 
19. An – I =  n 1
 2 2  1
n 1
hence | An – I | = (2n – 1 – 1)2 – (2n – 1)2

= (2n – 1 – 1 – 2n – 1) (2n – 1 – 1 + 2n – 1) = 1 – 2n
Hence  = 2. Ans.]
20. As, trace A = (x – 2) + (x2 – x + 3) + (x – 7) = x2 + x – 6

Given, trace A = 0  x2 + x – 6 = 0 = (x + 3) (x – 2)
 x = – 3 or 2. Ans.]
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2 2 (Det. A )9 22 (1)9
21. Det.(2A9B–1) = =
Det. B 2
= – 2 Ans. ]
22. A2 = 2A – I  A3 = 2A2 – IA
= 2(2A – I) – A (A2 = 2A – I)
3
A = 3A – 2I
A4 = 3A2 – 2A
= 3(2A – I) – 2A (A2 = 2A – I)
4
A = 4A – 3I
A5 = 5A – 4I

An = nA – (n – 1)I
23. |A| = 2 ; | B | = 3 ; | C | = 5
| A |2 | B | 4 ·3 12
det(A2BC–1) = | A2BC–1| = = = Ans.
|C| 5 5
 2 sin  0 
24. A + AT = O   =O
 0  2 sin 
 sin  = 0   = n, n  I
  =  (0, 6). Ans.]
 a 1  a 1
25. A2 =   1 b    1 b 
  
 a2 1 ab  0 0
A2 =   (a  b ) b 2  1  =  0 0 

Hence a2 – 1 = 0 ; a+b=0
2
b –1=0
a = 1 or – 1 ; b = 1 or – 1
if a = 1 or b = – 1
or a = – 1, b = 1
These all the conditions are fulfilled
 ab = – 1 Ans. ]
26. X = PT[(PAPT)(PAPT).........(PAPT)] P
= A2005 = A2004 · A = A Ans.
Note :If k is the period of A  Ank+1 = A for n  I. ]
28. We have A = BX
 B–1 A = B–1 BX
–1
 B A= X
2 0 1 2  2 4 
0 1 3  5 3  5
So, X = =
2 2
 1 2 
= 
3 2  5 2
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5 6  11
As detadj X  = det (X) =  =
2 2 2
29. AA–1 = I  | A A–1 | = | I | = 1

1
hence |A| |A–1| = 1  |A–1| =
|A|
30. B = A–1  AB = I
hence product of 2nd row and 3rd column = 0
1 1  1 1   4 2 2
 2 1  3   5 0  
10 1 1 1   1  2 3 
1 0 0
= 0 1 0
0 0 1
4+–9=0   = 5 Ans. ]
31. We have, (sin  + sin 2 + sin 3) · [(sin  – sin 2)2 + (sin 2 – sin 3)2 + (sin 3 – sin )2] = 0
0 /2 1 = 2/3
 sin  = 0  ; cos  = 0 ; cos  =  7 solutions
2 3/2 2  = 4/3
32. D=0
33. f '(x) = 0 f(x) is constant

| f(1) | + | f(2) | + ..... + | f(30) | = 60. Ans.]
34. obviously D1 = D2 = D3 = 0
1   1
D=  1 1  0
1 1 1
0   1
=   1  1  1 = – ( – 1)[–1 – ] = ( – 1)( + 1)  0
0 1 1
   1, – 1
hence  = R – {–1, 1}.
35. Clearly, f() = 2 sin2 – 1 = – cos 2

 f() = 0  cos 2 = 0
 3 5 7 
 = , , ,
4 4 4 4
So, number of solution are 4. Ans.]
n ( n  1)
36. = 45  n = 9 Ans.]
2
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37. We have
A2 = B (Given)
  0    0   4 0
 1
 1  1 1 =  1 1
 2 0 4 0
   =  
  1 1   1 1 
So, 2 = 4 and  + 1 = – 1  = ± 2 and  = – 2
  = –2
Hence, only one possible value of  = – 2 exist. Ans.]
(1  ap) 2 (1  bp) 2 (1  cp) 2

38. (1  aq) 2 (1  bq ) 2 (1  cq) 2
(1  ar) 2 (1  br ) 2 (1  cr) 2
1 2a a 2 1 p p2
2 2
= 1 2b b × 1 q q
1 2c c 2 1 r r2
= 2 × 21 · 22
1
= 812 = 8 × × 4 = 16 Ans. ]
2
log3 512 log4 3 log2 3 log8 3
39.
log3 8 log4 9 log3 4 log3 4
 3  2   15   4 
= 9    2   =     = 10
 2  3   2  3 
40. D1 + D2 = 0
x a b cx 2 2a  b
 1 0 x  1 0 x 0
x 2 1 x 2 1
x  cx 2  a 2b
1 0 x 0
x 2 1
(x – cx2) (–2x) + a(–1 – x2) + 2b(–2) = 0
–2x2 + 2cx3 – a – ax2 – 4b = 0
2cx3 – (a + 2)x2 – (a + 4b) = 0
The above equation is satisfied by four different values of x,
 It is an identity.
1
c = 0, a + 2 = 0  a = –2, a + 4b = 0  b =
2
 a + 4b + c = 0. ]
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1  p 2 x (1  q 2 ) x (1  r 2 )x
2 2 2
41. Given, g (x) = (1  p ) x 1  q x (1  r ) x ; Apply C1  C1 + C2 + C3, we get
(1  p 2 ) x (1  q 2 ) x 1  r 2 x
1 (1  q 2 ) x (1  r 2 ) x
2 2
g (x) = 1 1  q x (1  r ) x (Using p2 + q2 + r2 = –2)
1 (1  q 2 ) x 1  r 2 x
Apply R1  R1 – R2, R2  R2 – R3, we get
0 ( x  1) 0
g (x) = 0  ( x  1) ( x  1)
1 (1  q 2 ) x 1  r 2 x
 g (x) = (x – 1)2  x  R
4
1
So,  ( x  1) 2 dx =
3

x  1) 3 
1
4
= 9 Ans.]
1
42. x+y+z=4 ... (1)

2x + y + 3z = 6 ... (2)
x + 2y + pz = q ... (3)
Solving (1) and (2)  x = 2 – 2z and y = 2 + z
Put in equation (3), we get
pz = q – 6
Hence, for unique solution p  0, q  R
for no solution we must have p = 0, q  6
for infinite solution p = 0 and q = 6
 L = 0, M = 6  L2 + M2 = 0 + 36 = 36. Ans.]
x 2  cos 2A x  sin 2A 0
43. 0 x 2  cos 2B x  sin 2B  0
x  sin 2C 0 x 2  cos 2C
x6 – x4 (cos 2A + cos 2B + cos 2C) + ……= 0

x1x2 = – (cos 2A + cos 2B + cos 2C)
= – (–1 – 4 cos A cos B cos C) { A + B + C = }
  8
sin  23 ·  sin
 2 4  7 7 =1– 1= 1
= 1 + 4 cos · cos cos =1+4· =1+4·
7 7 7   2 2
23 sin 8 sin
7 7
 1 
   = 2 ]
 x1x 2 
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44. Put  = 0
cos  sin  cos 
 sin  cos  sin  = 0
cos  sin   cos 
 cos  · cos 2 = 0
  3 5 3 7 
 = , , , , ,
4 2 4 4 2 4
 3 5 7 
But  = , , , (rejected)
4 4 4 4
As lines are parallel. So, system is inconsistent. ]
 3  2
3  2 adjA  4 3 
45. The matrix A is non singular, and A–1 =   4 3  (det. A = 1; using A–1 = =
 |A| 1
we have, AX = B
 A–1A X = A–1B  X = A–1B
|||ly YA= B
Y A A–1 = B A–1  Y = BA–1
3  2   1 7   9 11 
hence, X =   4 3  ·  3 5 =  13  13

  1 7  3  2   31 23
Y= 3 5 ·   4 3  =   11 9 

 9 + 11 + 13 + 13 + 31 + 23 + 11 + 9 = 120 Ans. ]
1
46. We know that | adj. A–1 | = | A–1 |2 =
| A |2
1
 
det .  adj. A 1


1 
=
 | adj. A 1 |
= | A |2 = 22 = 4 Ans.]
2
det .adj.B det .adj. adj. B adj. A 3  1 A
3
47. As, = = = .
det .(C) det .(5A ) 53 det .(A) 125
As, det. (A) = 5
det .(adj. B) 53
So,
det . (C) = 125 = 1. Ans.]
 3x  0 y  3z  8  2 y
48. We have  2 x  y  0z  =  1  z 
 4x  0 y  2z  4  3y
   
Now, on comparing we get system of equations as
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3x + 3z = 8 + 2y  3x – 2y + 3z = 8 ........(1)
2x + y = 1 + z  2x + y – z = 1 ........(2)
4x + 2z = 4 + 3y  4x – 3y + 2z = 4 .........(3)
 On solving (1), (2) and (3), we get
x = 1, y = 2, z = 3
Hence, (x + y + z) = 1 + 2 + 3 = 6. Ans.]
3 2 p q   3p  2r 3q  2s 
49. AB =  =
  1 4  rs    p  4r  q  4s 
AB = diag (d11, d22)
 3p  2r 3q  2s  d11 0 
  p  4r  q  4s  =  0 d 22 
 
3p + 2r = d11; 3q + 2s = 0  2s = – 3q
– q + 4s = d22 ; – p + 4r = 0  p = 4r
 (d11 + d22) = 12r + 2r + [– q + 2 (– 3q)]
= 14r – 7q = 7 (2r – q)
 | q + 1 | + r  2 = 0  q = – 1, r = 2
 (d11 + d22) = 7 (4 + 1) = 35. Ans.]
50. Given A2 – 4A – 5I = 0
A3 = A · A2 = A(4A + 5I) = 4A2 + 5A = 4(4A + 5I) + 5A = 21A + 20I
 21 42 42  20 0 0 
=  42 21 42 +  0 20 0 
 42 42 21  0 0 20
= 315 + 60 = 375 Ans.]
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MA TH EM ATI C S

EST I NF
ORM AT IO NO. 15
STRAIGHT LINE
SINGLE CORRECT :
x y
1. Given  = 1 and ax + by = 1 are two variable lines, 'a' and 'b' being the parameters connected
a b
by the relation a2 + b2 = ab. The locus of the point of intersection has the equation
(1) x2 + y2 + xy  1 = 0 (2) x2 + y2 – xy + 1 = 0
2 2
(3) x + y + xy + 1 = 0 (4) x2 + y2 – xy – 1 = 0
2. The value of m for which the triangle formed by the lines y = 5, y = mx – 6 and y = – mx – 6
will be equilateral, is
2 3 1
(1) (2) 3 (3) (4)
3 2 3
3. The circumcentre of the triangle formed by the lines , x y + 2 x + 2 y + 4 = 0 and x + y + 2 = 0 is

:
(1) ( 2,  2) (2) ( 1,  1) (3) (0, 0) (4) ( 1,  2)
4. One of the vertices of an equilateral triangle is (2, 3) and the equation of its opposite side is
x + y – 2 = 0. The area of triangle is
3 3
(1) 3 3 (2) 6 3 (3) (4) 6
2
5. Let A(h, k), B(1, 2), C(2, 2) be the vertices of a right angled triangle with AC as its hypotenuse. If
the area of the triangle is 2 then the sum of all possible values of k, is
(1) 8 (2) 6 (3) 4 (4) 2
6. A straight line through the point A(3, 4) is such that its intercept between the axes is bisected at
A. Its equation is
(1) 3x – 4y + 7 = 0 (2) 4x + 3y = 24 (3) 3x + 4y = 25 (4) 4x – 3y = 12
7. The set of real values of k for which the lines x + 3y + 1 = 0, kx + 2y – 2 = 0 and

2x – y + 3 = 0 form a triangle is
 2  6 2  2 
(1) R –  4,  (2) R –  4, ,  (3) R –  , 4 (4) R
 3  5 3  3 
8. In a triangle ABC, it is known that AB = AC. Suppose D is the mid-point of AC and
BD = BC = 2, then the area of triangle ABC is equal to
(1) 2 (2) 2 2 (3) 7 (4) 2 7
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9. Line L has equation y = 2x + 3, and line M has the same y-intercept as L. Which of the points
below must M contain to be perpendicular to L, is
(1) (– 4, 5) (2) (– 2, 5) (3) (1, 5) (4) (4, 5)
10. Let A (–3, 2) and B (–2, 1) be the vertices of a triangle ABC. If the centroid of triangle ABC lies on
the line 3x + 4y + 2 = 0, then the locus of vertex C is
(1) 4x + 3y + 5 = 0 (2) 3x + 4y + 3 = 0 (3) 4x + 3y + 3 = 0 (4) 3x + 4y + 5 = 0
11. Given a point M(–1, 2) and a variable point N lies on the locus whose equation is xy = 4, then the
locus of the point dividing MN internally in the ratio 2 : 3 is
(1) 25xy – 30x + 15y = 34 (2) 25xy – 15x + 30y = 34
(3) 25xy – 30x + 15y = 2 (4) 25xy – 15x + 30y = 2
12. Given A (1, 3) and B (7, – 3) points on xy-plane. A point P is taken on AB dividing it internally in the
ratio 2 : 3. A point Q divides PB externally in the ratio 3 : 2, then co-ordinates of point Q is
 71 51   71  51   51 71    51 71 
(1)  ,  (2)  ,  (3)  ,  (4)  , 
5 5 5 5  5 5  5 5
13. If vertices of a triangle ABC are A(1, 2), B(3, 4) and C(–5, 3) and its orthocentre is O, then
reflection of orthocentre of OBC w.r.t. line y = x will be
(1) (2, 1) (2) (0, 0) (3) (3, –5) (4) (4, 3)
14. Points (t – 1, 2t + 2) and (2t + 1, t + 1) are images of each other with respect of line 'L'. If 'L'
passes through (–1, 0) then value of 't' is
1 3 3 1
(1) (2) (3) (4)
2 2 2 2
15. A light beam emanating from the point A(3, 10) reflects from the line 2x + y - 6 = 0 and then
passes through the point B(5, 6) . The equation of the incident and reflected beams are respectively
:
(1) 4 x  3 y + 18 = 0 and y = 6 (2) x  2 y + 8 = 0 and x = 5
(3) x + 2 y  8 = 0 and y = 6 (4) none of these
16.  
The vertices of a triangle are 1, 3 , (2 cos , 2 sin ) and (2 sin , – 2 cos ) where  R.
The locus of orthocentre of the triangle is

(1) (x – 1)2 + y  3  2
=4 
(2) (x – 2)2 + y  3  2
=4
+ y  3 
2
+ y  3 
2
(3) (x – 1)2 =8 (4) (x – 2)2 =8
17. A straight line is drawn through P(3, 4) to meet the axis of x and y at A and B respectively.
If the rectangle OACB is completed, then locus of C, is
x y 4 3 3 4 x y
(1)  1 (2)  1 (3)  1 (4)  1
3 4 x y x y 4 3
18. If a vertex of a triangle is (1, 1) and the mid points of two sides through this vertex are (– 1, 2) and
(3, 2), then the distance of centroid of the triangle from (1, 1) is
2 7 4
(1) (2) (3) 1 (4)
3 3 3
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x y 1
19. If, a, b, c are in H.P., then the straight line   always passes through a fixed point
a b c
whose co-ordinates are
 1 
(1) (1, 2) (2) (1, –2) (3)   , 1 (4) (–1, 2)
 2 
20. An equilateral triangle has its centroid at the origin and one of its sides is along the line x + y = 1.
The side of the triangle is
2 2 4 3
(1) (2) (3) (4) 6
3 3 2
21. If the point P(h, k) lies on the line 2x + 3y = 5 such that | PA – PB | is maximum where
A(2, 3) and B(1, 2) then the value of (3h + 2k) is equal to
(1) 3 (2) 2 (3) 5 (4) 4
22. Let ABC be a triangle with B = 90°. Let AD be the external bisector of A with D on BC.
If AC = 6 cm and the area of triangle ADC is 10 cm2, then the length of BD in cm is equal to
3 3 5 10
(1) (2) (3) (4)
5 10 3 3
2
23. In triangle ABC, if CA = 4, AB = 5 and A = then the length of internal angle bisector
3
through A is
9 10 20 9
(1) (2) (3) (4)
20 9 9 10
24. A variable line L is drawn through O (0, 0) to meet the lines L1 : y – x – 10 = 0 and
L2 : y – x – 20 = 0 at the points A and B respectively. A point P is taken on L such that
2 1 1
= + and P, A, B lies on same side of origin O. The locus of P is
OP OA OB
(1) 3x + 3y = 40 (2) 3x + 3y + 40 = 0 (3) 3x – 3y = 40 (4) 3y – 3x = 40
25. If M(2, ) lies inside the parallelogram formed by the lines 2x – y + 1 = 0, 2x – y = 20,
x + y – 1 = 0 and x + y – 8 = 0, then sum of all integral values of  is
(1) –3 (2) –1 (3) 1 (4) 3
26. Area of a parallelogram two of whose sides are given by 2x2 – 5xy + 2y2 = 0 and one of its
diagonal is 5x + 2y = 1, is
1 1 1 1
(1) (2) (3) (4)
6 12 20 36
27. A ray of light along x + 3y = 3 get reflected upon reaching x-axis, the equation of the
reflected ray is
(1) y = x + 3 (2) 3y=x– 3 (3) y = 3x– 3 (4) 3y=x–1
28. If the three lines x – 3y = p, ax + 2y = q and ax + y = r form a right-angled triangle, then
(1) a2 – 9a + 18 = 0 (2) a2 – 6a – 18 = 0 (3) a2 – 9a +12 = 0 (4) a2 – 6a – 12 = 0
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29. Let P = (–1, 0), Q = (0, 0) and R = (3, 3 3 ) be three ponts. Then the equation of the bisector of
the angle PQR is
3 3
(1) x+y=0 (2) x + 3y = 0 (3) 3x + y = 0 (4) x + y=0
2 2
b c a
30. Let a, b, c  (0, ) and satisfying    2  0 , then the family of lines
c b bc
a x  b y  c  0 passes through the point
(1) (1, 1) (2) (1, –2) (3) (–1, 2) (4) (–1, 1)
31. If the point (2cos , 2sin ), for  (0, 2) lies in the region between the lines x + y = 2 and x – y
= 2 containing the origin, then  lies in
    3 
(1)  0,    , 2  (2) [0, ]
 2  2 
  3   
(3)  ,  (4)  , 
2 2  4 2
32. Let L1 : x + y –1 = 0 and L2 : 2x – y + 5 = 0 be two lines then the family of lines

p L1 + q L2 = 0, where p, q  R, are concurrent at
4 7  1  7 
(1)  ,  (2)  ,  (3) (1, –1) (4) (–1, 1)
 3 3  6 6 
33. If 2x + y = 0 and 3x + 2y = 0 are two sides of a parallelogram whose one diagonal is x – y = 0.

The slope of other diagonal is
19  19 11  11
(1) (2) (3) (4)
11 11 19 19
34. The equation of line segment AB is y = x. If A and B lie on the same side of the line mirror
2x – y = 1, then image of AB is
(1) 7x + y + 6 = 0 (2) 7x + y – 6 = 0 (3) 7x – y – 6 = 0 (4) 7x – y + 6 = 0
Numerical Value
35. Let ABC be an equilateral triangle and suppose KLMN be a rectangle with K, L on BC, M on
AN
AC and N on AB. If = 2 and area of triangle BKN is 6, then area of triangle ABC is equal
NB
to
36. The least positive integral value of 'b' for which the point (2b + 3, b2) lies above the line
3x – 4y – a (a – 2) = 0 a R, is
37. If the line L : y = p(x – 2) + 5 divides the rectangle formed by the pair of lines x2 – 8x + 12 = 0 and
y2 – 14y + 45 = 0 into two congruent triangles then the value of p is
38. The least positive integral value of 'b' for which the point (2b + 3, b2) lies above the line
3x – 4y – a (a – 2) = 0 a R, is
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39. The equations of perpendicular bisectors of two sides AB and AC of a triangle ABC are
x + y + 1 = 0 and x – y + 1 = 0 respectively. If circumradius of ABC is 2 units and the locus
of vertex A is x2 + y2 + gx + c = 0, then (g2 + c2), is equal to
40. If distance of the point (2, 5) from the line 3x + y = 4 measured parallel to the line 3x – 4y + 8 = 0,
p
is (p, q  N), then least value of (p + q) equals
q
41. A straight line passes through a fixed point (x0, y0). If the equation of the locus of the middle point
of it intercepted between the coordinate axes is yx 0  xy 0   xy (where   N), then  equals
42. Area of square formed by the lines x2y2 – 2xy2 – 3y2 – 4x2y + 8xy + 12y = 0 is
43. The radius of incircle of the triangle formed by the lines

L1 : y – 3 x  3 = 0, L2 : y + 3 x = 6 + 3 and L3 : y = 0 is
44. Area of parallelogram formed by the lines x + y + 1 = 0, x + y + 3 = 0, 3x + 4y – 1 = 0 and

3x + 4y – 5 = 0 is
45. In ABC, the equation of the perpendicular bisector of AC is 3x  2y + 8 = 0 and the coordinates
of the points A and B are (1, 1) and (3, 1) respectively. If the equation of the line BC is
x + ay = b where a and b are coprime, then find (a + b).
46. For a > 0, the area of the quadrilateral formed by the lines 3x – 2y + 3a = 0,
x + 3y – a = 0, x + 3y + 4a = 0 and 3x – 2y + 7a = 0 is 220 square units. Find the value
of a.
47. Two congruent triangles each have an area of 24 sq. units. Their vertices are determined by the
3
intersection of the lines y + 4 = 0 ; x = 0 and y = – x + b. Determine the two possible values of
4
b. For either of the triangles, a circle can be drawn to pass through its three vertices. Find the
radius of this circle.
48. Let the point M (2, 1) be shifted through a distance 3 2 units measured parallel to the line
L : x + y – 1 = 0 in the direction of decreasing ordinates, to reach at N. If the image of N in the line
L is R, then find the distance of R from the line 3x – 4y + 25 = 0.
49. The sides of a  ABC are 2x  y + 5 = 0 ; x + y  5 = 0 and x  2y  5 = 0. If the sum of the

p
tangents of its interior angles is expressed in the lowest form (p, q N), then find the least
q
value of (p + q).
50. The triangle ABC, right angled at C, has median AD, BE and CF. AD lies along the line y = x + 3,
BE lies along the line y = 2x + 4. If the length of the hypotenuse is 60, find the area of the triangle
ABC.
ANSWER KEY
1. (1) 2. (2) 3. (2) 4. (3) 5. (3) 6. (2) 7. (2)
8. (3) 9. (1) 10. (2) 11. (1) 12. (2) 13. (1) 14. (4)
15. (1) 16. (3) 17. (3) 18. (4) 19. (4) 20. (4) 21. (4)
22. (4) 23. (3) 24. (4) 25. (4) 26. (4) 27. (2) 28. (1)
29. (3) 30. (4) 31. (3) 32. (1) 33. (2) 34. (3) 35. 108
36. 3 37. 1 38. 3 39. 13 40. 10 41. 2 42. 16
43. 1 44. 8 45. 11 46. 11 47. 5 48. 10 49. 31
50. 400 sq. units
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SOLUTION
SINGLE CORRECT :
1. Let (h, k) be point of intersection then
h k
 1 given a 2  b 2  ab
a b
a b
ah  kb  1   1
__________________ b a
b a
multiply h 2  k 2  hk (  )  1
a b
h 2  k 2  hk  1
x 2  y 2  xy  1  0
Note that the locus is not physically viable ]
2. For the triangle to be equilateral,

the sides must all have the same length,
11
Let a =
m
so BC = AC, or 2a = a 2  112 .
A (0, – 6)
y = – mx – 6 y = mx – 6
B C y=5
  11   11 
 , 5  , 5
 m  m 
11
Solving for a we get a = ,
3
11
so the slope of side AC is m =
11 3
= 3 . Ans.]
3. ABC is right angle
 circumcentre is mid pt. of BC i.e. (–1, –1)
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2 32 3
4. AM = 1 2 =
1 1 2
AM AM
tan 60° =  BM =
BM 3
A(2,3)
60°
B M C
x+y–2=0
3 3
= =
3· 2 2
BC = 2BM = 6
3 6 3 3 3
 Area of equilateral triangle
4
 62
=
4
=
2
. Ans.]
5. ABC is a right angled  as shown in diagram.
 h=1
y
A(h, k)
B
(1,2) C(2, 2)
x
1 1
& area = AB · BC = |k – 2| · 1 = 2
2 2
 |k – 2| = 4  k – 2 = 14
 k = 6 or – 2
 Sum of all values of k = 6 – 2 = 4 Ans.
6. We have
x1  0 y1  0
= 3  x1 = 6 and =4
2 2
y
(0,y1)
A(3,4)
x
O (x1,0)
 y1 = 8.
x y
 Equation of line is  =1
6 8
 4x + 3y = 24. Ans.]
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 k 1 2 k
7. Here,   k ; 2
2 3 3 2
 k  –4
1 3 1 6
Also, k 2 2  0  k  ]
5
2 1 3
8. As, AB2 + BC2 = 2 (CD2 + BD2)
 AB 2 
AB2 + 4 = 2   4
 4 
 
A
2
2 2 D
2
B C
1 M
2
AB = 2 2
1
Now,  = ( 2)( 7 ) = 7. ]
2
1
9. y-intercept of M is 3  line M passes through (0, 3); slope of M =
2
1
Equation of M is y – 3 = (x – 0)
2
 2y – 6 = – x
 x + 2y = 6  (1) satisfies it.
A(–3, 2) 3x + 4y + 2 = 0
10.
G h–5, k+3
3 3
B C(h, k)
(–2, 1)
 h 5  k 3
 3  + 4 + 2 = 0
 3   3 
 3(h – 5) + 4(k + 3) + 6 = 0
 The locus of C(h, k) is 3x + 4y + 3 = 0
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11. Let N(x1, y1) and N lies on xy = 4
x1 y1 = 4 ……(1)
2 3
2x1  ( 3) 2 y1  6
h= and k = M P(h, k) N (x1, y1)
5 5 (–1, 2)
5h  3 5k  6
x1 = and y1 =
2 2
Put x1 and y1 in (1)
 5h  3   5k  6 
  = 4
 2  2 
25hk – 30h + 15k – 18 = 16
25xy – 30x + 15y = 34 ]
2 P 3
12.
A (x, y) B
(1, 3) (7, –3)
14  3 17 69 3
x= = ; y= =
5 5 5 5
3
2
P
 17 3 B Q
 ,  (7, –3) (x1, y1)
5 5
17
3 7  2 
5 105  34
x1 = =
3 2 5
71
x1 =
5
3
3  (3)  2 
5
y1 =
32
6  51
y1 = – 9 –  y1 =
5 5
 71  51 
Hence, Q  , ]
5 5 
13. Clearly orthocentre of OBC will be vertex A(1, 2) reflection of A(1, 2) in the line y = x will be
(2, 1).]
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14. AP = PB
A(t – 1, 2t + 2)
2 2 2 2
 t  (2 t  2) = (2 t  2)  (t  1)
P
L
(–1, 0)
B(2t + 1, t + 1)
1
or t =
2
15. slope of AB =  2 = slope of given line
 PAB is isosceles . Equation of line MP is
x  2y + 12 = 0 . Solving it with 2x + y  6 = 0
point P(0, 6) . Equation of AP is 4x  3y + 18 = 0
and equation of BP is y  6 = 0 ]
 1  2 cos   2 sin  3  2 sin   2 cos  

16.  , 
 3 3 
 
C(0,0) G H(x, y)
1:2
x 1  2 cos   2 sin 
=
3 3
 x = 1 + 2 cos  + 2 sin 
y 3  2 sin   2 cos 
=  y = 3 + 2 sin  – 2 cos 
3 3
2
(x – 1)2 + ( y  3 ) = 8. Ans.]
17. Equation of any line through P (3, 4) with slope m will be

y – 4 = m (x – 3)  mx – y = 3m – 4
 3m  4 
Clearly A  ,0  and B (0, 4 – 3m)
 m 
 3m  4 
For rectangle OACB, coordinates of C  , 4  3m   C(h, k)
 m 
y
(0, 4 – 3m)B C(h,k)
P(3
,4)
x
O A
 3m  4 
 , 0
 m 
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k k k
Now = – m  m =  k = 4 – 3m = 4 – 3  
h h  h 
3y
 Locus of C(h, k) is y = 4 +
x
3 4
  = 1 Ans. ]
x y
18. Vertex of triangle is (1, 1) and mid-points of sides through this vertex is (– 1, 2) and (3, 2).
 vertex B and C has co-ordinates (– 3, 3) and (5, 3).
 1 3  5 1  3  3   7 
centroid =  ,  = 1, 
 3 3   3
A(1,1)
(–1, 2) (3, 2)
B(–3, 3) C(5, 3)
4
So, distance of centroid of the triangle from(1, 1) is equal to . Ans.]
3
2 1 1 1 2 1
19. =   = 
b a c c b a
x y 2 1
  = 
a b b a
a
(x + 1) + (y – 2) = 0
b
Hence line passes through (–1, 2) (4) Ans.]
1
20. ON = =p
2
3
AN = 3p =
2
2p
a
O
p
B C
N x+y=1
3 1
Now, sin 60° = · where 'a' is the side
2 a
3 3
 =  a= 6 . Ans.]
2 ( 2) a
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21. PA – PB |  AB
 For |PA – PB| to be maximum, P must be point of intersection of line joining A and B and 2x
+ 3y = 5
 2 7
 P h  , k   ]
 5 5
22. From angle bisector theorem,
6
r
D B C
p
q
p r
 qr = 6p ..... (1)
q 6
Now, ar. (ADC) =10
1
 (qr) =10  qr = 20 ..... (2)
2
10
 From (1) and (2) , we get p = = BD
3
 2bc  A
23.  AD =   cos
bc 2
560° 60°
b=
c=
4
B D a C
2(4)(5) 1 20
 AD = AD =
9 2 9
24. x = r cos  , y = r sin 
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1 sin   cos 
putting in L1, we get 
OA 10
1 sin   cos 
Similarly, putting in L2, we get 
OB 20
 h = r cos , k = r sin 
2  sin   cos    sin   cos  
 =   +  
r  10   20 
40 = 3 (r sin ) – 3(r cos )
3y – 3x = 40]
25.
x
y
 16 8  2
(0,1)  , 
 2 1  3 3
 , 
 3 3 (8, 0)
x
(0,0) (1,0)
x x+y=8
+
y
=
1
 integral = 1, 2.
26. Area of parallelogram
y
1 2
 , 
9 9
5x
+
y=2x 2y
=
1
1 1 
 , 
(0, 0)  6 12 
x
O x
y
2
 
 
 0 0 1 
1 1 2 1
= 2 | 1 | = Ans. ]
2 9 9  36
 2 1 
 1 
 12 12 
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y
Normal
y
Ra
In
cl
ed
id
ct
en
fle
t
27.
Ra
Re
y
 
90° –  90° –  x
(0, 0) ( 3, 0)
We have, ( +  + 90° – ) = 150°

  = 60°
1
 Slope of line containing reflected ray = tan (90° – 60°) = tan 30° =
3
1
So, its equation is (y – 0) =
3

x 3 
 3y=x– 3 Ans. ]
a  1
28.   = 1  a = 6
 2  3
1
and × (– a) = –1  a = 3
3
 a2 – 9a + 18 = 0 Ans. ]
29. MQD = tan 120° = – 3

y
R(3, 3 3)
D 60°
x
(–1,0) O
equation y = – 3x
y= 3 x = 0  C]
30. We have, b c a 0
 a x  b y  c  0 passes through
(–1, 1).
31. (2cos , 2sin )

lies on x2 + y2 = y
  3 
  ,  .
2 2 
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32. x+y=1
2x – y = –5
4
x=
3
7
y= ]
3
33. Mid point of BD,

   2  2  3 
M  , 
 2 2 
(2 ,–3)
D C
= 0
M
2y
+
x
y=
3x
A B (,–2)
(0,0) 2x + y = 0
lies on y = x
  2  2  3
 
2 2
 3 = –5
 5 
2    3
2  3  3 19
slope of BD = = =–
2   5 11
2 
3
34. Let CD is image of AB in the line mirror 2x – y = 1.
Let m is slope of CD
D
×
C
×
 × y=x
 × B
A
(1, 1)
1 2 2m
 = m=7
1  1 2 1  2m
as CD passes through (1, 1)
 Its equation is 7x – y – 6 = 0. Ans.]
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AN NB AB
35. Here, = =
2 1 3
N M
60º
B K D L C
NB 1
 = ……(1)
AB 3
As, BKN ~ BDA (A – A)
ar. (BKN ) (BN)2 1

So, = 2 =
ar.(BDA ) (AB) 9
 ar.(BDA) = 54
 ar.(ABC) = 108 Ans. ]
36. (x1, y2) lies on line

 3x1 – 4y2 – a (a – 2) = 0
 4y2 = 3x1 – a (a – 2) = 0
3x1  a ( a  2)
Now, y2 < y1  < y1
4
 3 (2b + 3) – a (a – 2) < 4b2
Put x1 = 2b + 3; y1 = b2
 a2 – 2a + 4b2 – 6b – 9 > 0  a  R
D < 0 4 – 4 (4b2 – 6b – 9) < 0
1 – 4b2 + 6b + 9 < 0
4b2 – 6b – 10 > 0
2b2 – 3b – 5 > 0
(2b – 5) (b + 1) > 0
(x1, y1)
  3x – 4y – a (a – 2) = 0
(x1, y2)
x1 = 2b + 3
y1 = b2
O
5 
b (–, –1)   ,  
2 
Hence, least positive integral value 'b' is 3.
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Aliter: –3x + 4y + a (a – 2) = 0
(2b + 3, b2) lies above the line.
–3(2b + 3) + 4b2 + a(a – 2) > 0 a R
a2 – 2a + 4b2 – 6b – 9 > 0
D < 0 4 – 4 (4b2 – 6b – 9) < 0
1 – 4b2 + 6b + 9 < 0
4b2 – 6b – 10 > 0
2b2 – 3b – 5 > 0
5 
(2b – 5) (b + 1) > 0 b (–, –1)   ,  
2 
37. L : y = p(x – 2) + 5
y – 5 = p(x – 2)
Hence line passes through (2, 5)
 line 'L' must be diagonal of the rectangle
 Slope of the diagonal passing through (2, 5) and (6, 9) is p = 1.
y
(2, 9) (6, 9)
0
=
L
(2,5) (6,5)
x
38. (x1, y2) lies on line

 3x1 – 4y2 – a (a – 2) = 0
 4y2 = 3x1 – a (a – 2) = 0
3x1  a ( a  2)
Now, y2 < y1  < y1
4
 3 (2b + 3) – a (a – 2) < 4b2
Put x1 = 2b + 3; y1 = b2
 a2 – 2a + 4b2 – 6b – 9 > 0  a  R
D < 0 4 – 4 (4b2 – 6b – 9) < 0
1 – 4b2 + 6b + 9 < 0
(x1, y1)
 3x – 4y – a (a – 2) = 0
(x1, y2)
x1 = 2b + 3
y1 = b 2
O
4b2 – 6b – 10 > 0
2b2 – 3b – 5 > 0
(2b – 5) (b + 1) > 0
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(2b – 5) (b + 1) > 0
5 
b (–, –1)   ,  
2 
39. The given lines intersect at (– 1, 0)

A(h, k)
(–1, 0)
B C
The vertex A lies on circle having centre at (– 1, 0) and radius 2 units
 Locus of A is (x + 1)2 + y2 = 4.
Hence g = 2 and c = – 3
 g2 + c2 = 13. Ans.]
p 7
40.   p + q = 10 Ans.]
q 3
x y
41. Equation of line   1 passes through (x0, y0)
2h 2k
x0 y0
  1
2h 2k
x0 y0
 locus is  1
2x 2y
 yx 0  xy 0  2 xy   = 2 Ans.]
42. Given equation can be written as

y2(x2 – 2x – 3) – 4y(x2 – 2x – 3) = 0
 (y2 – 4y) (x2 – 2x – 3) = 0
 y(y – 4) (x – 3) (x + 1) = 0
 Area = 16 ]
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43. Clearly, ABC is equilateral.
Coordinates of A  3  1, 3 
y A
6
B 60° 120°
x
1 C
L1 L2
 height of ABC = 3
1
 r= ·3=1 ]
3
44. Area = p1p2cosec 

x+y+1=0
3x + 4y – 5 = 0 3x + 4y – 1 = 0

x+y+3=0
2 4
p1 = = 2 ; p2 =
2 5
3
1 
tan  =
4 = 1
3 7
1
4
cosec  = 5 2
4
A= 2 · ·5 2 = 8. Ans.]
5
1  2
45. Slope of line AC = 
3 3 A(1, –1)
0
2 +8=
y
M x–2
3
2
Equation of line AC is (y + 1) = (x – 1)
3
 3y + 3 = – 2x + 2  2x + 3y = – 1 B(3, 1) (–5, 3)C
 6x + 9y = – 3 ... (1)
Equation of line perpendicular is 6x – 4y = – 16 ...(2)
 On solving (1) and (2), we get M (– 2, 1)
For C(x1, y1), we have
x1  1
=–2  x1 = – 4 – 1 = – 5
2
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y1  1
=1  y1 = 2 + 1 = 3
2
 C (– 5, 3) and B (3, 1)
Equation of BC is
3 1
(y – 1) = (x – 3)  – 8(y – 1) = 2(x – 3)  – 4(y – 1) = x – 3
53
 – 4y + 4 = x – 3  x + 4y = 7  a = 4 and b = 7  a + b = 11 Ans.]
46. The lines are

1 a 3x 3a
y= x+ y= +
3 3  and 2 2
1 4a  3x 7a
y= x– y= +
3 3 2 2
c1  c 2 d1  d 2
Now A=
m1  m 2
 5a 
  2a ·6
3
Hence A =  
11
20a 2
220 =  a2 = 121  a = 11 Ans.]
11
47.  the slope of the line is – 3/4

Let AB = 4a and BC = 3a
3a ·4a
 = 24
2
a2 = 4
a = 2 or – 2
for a = 2, CB = 6  B = (0, 2)
a = – 2, CB = – 6  B' = (0, –10)
Hence the two congurrent triangles are
ABC or A'BB' with side 6, 8, 10.
R = 5 (obviously) ]
48. We have MN = 3 2
Y
 1 
 xN = 2 – 3 2   = 5
 2 M (2, 1)
3

 1  4
and yN = 1 – 3 2   = –2 O
X
 2 (0, 0) N (xN, yN)
so, N (5, – 2)
Image of N in x + y – 1 = 0 is (3, – 4) L:
x+
 R (3, – 4) y–
1=
So, distance of R (3, – 4) from the line 3x – 4y + 25 = 0, R (xR, yR)
0
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3(3)  4(4)  25 50
is = = = 10 Ans.]
(3) 2  (4) 2 5
49. Arranging slope of lines in descending order, we get

1
m1 = 2, m2 = ; m3 = –1
2
1 3
 m1  m 2  2
2 3
Now, tanA =  =
 = 2 =
 1  m 2m3  1  2 1  2 4
2
1 3
m 2  m3 1
2 2
tan B = = =
1  m 2m3 1 1 =3
1  (1)
2 2
(m3  m1 ) 1  2 3
and tan C = = = = 3.
(1  m 2m3 ) 1  (1)(2) 1
3 27 p
As, tan A + tan B + tan C = tan A tan B tan C = ·3·3= =
4 4 q
So, p = 27 and q = 4. Hence (p + q) = 31. ]
1
50. Area = ab
2
AD : y = x + 3
BE : y = 2x + 4
solve G(–1, 2)
acute angle  between the medians is A
m1  m 2
tan  = b/2
1 =1
1  m1m 2
m
(–1,2)
F  E
2 1 1 G

tan  =  tan  = 2
1 2 3 m 2=   – 
b/2
now (180 – ) + 90° +  +  = 360° 90°

B C
  =  +  – 90° a/2 D a/2
cot  = – tan( + )
2 b 2a

tan   tan  a b 2( a 2  b 2 )
–3= or –3=  9=
1  tan  tan  2 b 2a ab
1 ·
a b
1
9ab = 2 × 3600  ab = 400
2
 Area = 400 sq. units ]
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MA TH EM ATI C S
DPP

EST I NF
ORM AT IO NO. 16
CIRCLE
SINGLE CORRECT :
1. The ends of a quadrant of a circle have the coordinates (1, 3) and (3, 1) then the centre of the
such a circle is
(1) (1, 1) (2) (2, 2) (3) (2, 6) (4) (4, 4)
2. ABCD is a square of unit area. A circle is tangent to two sides of ABCD and passes through
exactly one of its vertices. The radius of the circle is
1 1
(1) 2  2 (2) 2 1 (3) (4)
2 2
3. A pair of tangents are drawn to a unit circle with centre at the origin and these tangents intersect
at A enclosing an angle of 60°. The area enclosed by these tangents and the arc of the circle is
2    3  
(1) – (2) 3 – 3 (3) – (4) 3 1  
3 6 3 6  6
4. A circle is drawn touching the xaxis and centre at the point which is the reflection of
(a, b) in the line y  x = 0. The equation of the circle is
(1) x2 + y2 2bx 2ay + a2 = 0 (2) x2 + y2 2bx 2ay + b2 = 0
(3) x2 + y2 2ax 2by + b2 = 0 (4) x2 + y2 2ax 2by + a2 = 0
5. Let C be a circle with two diameters intersecting at an angle of 30 degrees. A circle S is tangent
to both the diameters and to C, and has radius unity. The largest radius of C is
(1) 1 + 6 2 (2) 1 + 6 2 (3) 6 2 –1 (4) none of these
6. Let ABC be a triangle with  A = 45°. Let P be a point on the side BC with PB = 3 and PC = 5. If
'O' is the circumcentre of the triangle ABC then the length OP is equal to
(1) 15 (2) 17 (3) 18 (4) 19
7. The lengths of the tangents from any point of the circle 15x² + 15y²  48x + 64y = 0 to the two
circles 5x² + 5y²  24x + 32y + 75 = 0 , 5x² + 5y²  48x + 64y + 300 = 0 are in the ratio:
(1) 1 : 2 (2) 2 : 3 (3) 3 : 4 (4) 1 : 4
8. If tangent at (1, 2) to the circle c1 : x2 + y2 = 5 intersects the circle c2 : x2 + y2 = 9 at A and B

and tangents at A and B to the second circle meet at point C, then the coordinates of C are :
(1) (4, 5) (2) (9/15, 18/5) (3) (4,  5) (4) (9/5, 18/5)
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9. The common chord of two intersecting circles c1 and c2 can be seen from their centres at the
angles of 90º and 60º respectively . If the distance between their centres is equal to
3 + 1 then the radii of c1 and c2 are :
(1) 3 and 3 (2) 2 and 2 2
(3) 2 and 2 (4) 2 2 and 4
10. Three circles lie on a plane so that each of them externally touches the other two. Two of them
has radius 3, the third having radius unity . If A, B and C are the points of tangency of the circles
then the area of the triangle ABC is
9 7 9 7 9 7
(1) (2) (3) (4) none
4 8 16
11. Points P and Q are 3 units apart. A circle centre at P with a radius of 3 units intersects a circle
centred at Q with a radius of 3 units at point A and B. The area of the quadrilateral APBQ is
99 99 99
(1) 99 (2) (3) (4)
2 2 16
12. Let a and b represent the length of a right triangle's legs. If d is the
diameter of a circle inscribed into the triangle, and D is the diameter
of a circle superscribed on the triangle, then d + D equals
(1) a + b (2) 2(a + b)
1
(3)
2
(a + b) (4) a 2  b2
13. Let C be a circle x2 + y2 = 1. The line l intersects C at the point (–1, 0) and the point P. Suppose
that the slope of the line l is a rational number m. Number of choices for m for which both the
coordinates of P are rational, is
(1) 3 (2) 4 (3) 5 (4) infinitely many
14. A line meets the co-ordinate axes in A and B. A circle is circumscribed about the triangle OAB. If
d1 and d2 are the distances of the tangent to the circle at the origin O from the points A and B
respectively, the diameter of the circle is :
2d1  d 2 d1  2d 2 d1d 2
(1) (2) (3) d1 + d2 (4) d  d
2 2 1 2
 3 3 
15. To which of the following circles, the line y  x + 3 = 0 is normal at the point  3  , ?
 2 2
2 2 2 2
 3   3   3   3 
(1)  x  3   y   9 (2)  x   y  9
 2  2  2  2
(3) x2 + (y  3)2 = 9 (4) (x  3)2 + y2 = 9
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16. The smallest distance between the circle (x – 5)2 + (y + 3)2 = 1 and the line 5x + 12y – 4 = 0, is
1 2 3 4
(1) (2) (3) (4)
13 13 15 15
17. Chord AB of the circle x2 + y2 = 100 passes through the point (7, 1) and subtends an angle of 60°
at the circumference of the circle. If m1 and m2 are the slopes of two such chords then the value
of m1m2, is
(1) – 1 (2) 1 (3) 7/12 (4) – 3
18. The chord of contact of the tangents drawn from a point on the circle, x2 + y2 = a2 to the circle
x2 + y2 = b2 touches the circle x2 + y2 = c2 then a, b, c are in :
(1) A.P. (2) G.P. (3) H.P. (4) A.G.P.
19. The locus of the mid points of the chords of the circle x2 + y2  ax  by = 0 which subtend a right
angle at a 2 , b 2  is :
(1) ax + by = 0 (2) ax + by = a2 + b2
a 2 b 2 a 2 b 2
(3) x2 + y2  ax  by + =0 (4) x2 + y2  ax  by  =0
8 8
20. Three concentric circles of which the biggest is x2 + y2 = 1, have their radii in A.P. If the line
y = x + 1 cuts all the circles in real and distinct points. The interval in which the common difference
of the A.P. will lie is
 1  1   2 2 
(1)  0,  (2)  0,  (3)  0,  (4) none
 4  2 2  4 
21. If the two circles, x2 + y2 + 2 g1x + 2 f1y = 0 and x2 + y2 + 2 g2x + 2 f2y = 0 touch each then:
f1 f2
(1) f1 g1 = f2 g2 (2) = (3) f1 f2 = g1 g2 (4) none
g1 g2
22. Equation of the circle which bisects the circumference of the circle x2 + y2 + 2 y  3 = 0 and
touches the curve y = tan (tan 1 x) at the origin is :
(1) 2 (x2 + y2)  5 x + 5 y = 0 (2) x2 + y2 + 5 x  5 y = 0
2 2
(3) x + y  5 x + 5 y = 0 (4) none
23. Consider the circle C : x2 + y2 = 1 and the line L : y = m(x + 2). If L intersects C at P and Q,
then locus of middle point of PQ, is
(1) (x + 1)2 + y2 = 1 (2) x2 + (y – 1)2 = 1 (3) (x – 1)2 + y2 = 1 (4) x2 + (y + 1)2 = 1
24. Two circles with centres at A and B, touch at T. BD is the tangent at

D and TC is a common tangent. AT has length 3 and BT has length
2. The length CD is
(1) 4/3 (2) 3/2
(3) 5/3 (4) 7/4
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25. If the curve y = 1  4  x 2 and the line y = (x – 2)k + 4 has two distinct points of intersection
then the range of k, is
5  5 3 5 3
(1) [1, 3] (2)  ,   (3)  ,  (4)  ,
12
  12 4   12 4 
Numerical Value
26. Let two circles of radii r1 and r2 (r1 > r2) in the first quadrant are tangent to co-ordinate axes.
r1
If the length of common chord of circles is maximum, then find the value of .
r2
27. The three vertices of ABC are on the circle x2 + y2 = 5. The point (0, 0) is outside the ABC
and 1 unit away from the nearest side of ABC. If the maximum area of the triangle is k cos 72°,
then find the value of k.
28. Locus of the point of intersection of the pair of perpendicular tangents to the circles
x2 + y2 = 1 and x2 + y2 = 7 is the director circle of the circle with radius.
29. A circle with center A and radius 7 is tangent to the sides of an angle of 60°. A larger circle with
center B is tangent to the sides of the angle and to the first circle. The radius of the larger circle
is
30. Number of integral values of 'k' for which the chord of the circle x2 + y2 = 125 passing through
P(8, k) gets bisected at P (8, k) and has integral slope is
31. The graphs of

x2 + y2 = 4 + 12x + 6y
x2 + y2 = K + 4x + 12y
intersect where K satisfies a  K  b. Then the quantity (b – a) equals
32. Suppose x and y are real numbers such that (x + 5)2 + (y – 12)2 = 196. The minimum value of
(x2 + y2) is
33. If a circle C passing through (4, 0) touches the circle x2 + y2 + 4x – 6y = 12 externally at a

point (1, – 1), then the radius of circle C is equal to
34. A straight line l1 with equation x – 2y + 10 = 0 meets the circle with equation x2 + y2 = 100 at B in
the first quadrant. A line through B, perpendicular to l1 cuts the y-axis at P (0, t). The value of 't' is
35. Let two circles of radii r1 and r2 (r1 > r2) in the first quadrant are tangent to co-ordinate axes.If the
r1
length of common chord of circles is maximum, then find the value of .
r2
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36. The three vertices of ABC are on the circle x2 + y2 = 5. The point (0, 0) is outside the ABC
and 1 unit away from the nearest side of ABC. If the maximum area of the triangle is k cos 72°,
then find the value of k.
37. The locus of the point P (3h – 2, 3k) where (h, k) lies on the circle x2 + y2 – 2x – 4y – 4 = 0,
is another circle. Find its radius.
38. On the circle 16x2 + 16y2 + 48x – 8y – 43 = 0 there is a point M which is closest to the line
8x – 4y + 73 = 0. If distance of M from then line is p q where p and q are coprimes, find the value
of (p + q).
39. In a sequence of circles C1, C2, C3, ....... Cn ; the centres lie along positive x-axis with abscissae
forming an arithmetic sequence of first term unity and common difference 3. The radius of these
circles are in geometric sequence with first term unity and common ratio 2. If the tangent lines
with slope m1 and m2 of C3 are intersected at the centre of C5, then compute the value of
2010 m1m 2 .
40. Let C be a circle of radius 2 5 centered at (2, 0). If the tangent drawn to the circle C at (a, b)
(where a > 0) intersect y-axis at (0, 6) then find the value of (a2 + b2).
ANSWER KEY
1. (1) 2. (1) 3. (2) 4. (2) 5. (1) 6. (2) 7. (1)
8. (4) 9. (3) 10. (3) 11. (2) 12. (1) 13. (4) 14. (3)
15. (4) 16. (2) 17. (1) 18. (2) 19. (3) 20. (3) 21. (2)
22. (3) 23. (1) 24. (2) 25. (4) 26. 3 27. 8 28. 2
29. 21 30. 6 31. 140 32. 1 33. 5 34. 20 35. 3
36. 8 37. 0009 38. p + q = 7 where, d = 2 5 39. 1608 40. 0032
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SOLUTION B(1,3)
1. mAB = – 1
(2,2) M
mCM = 1
equation of CM is C 45° A(3,1)
(a,a)
y=x
Let C(a, a)
Hence (CM)2 = (AM)2
2(a – 2)2 = 2  (a – 2)2 = 1
a – 2 = 1 or – 1
a = 3 or 1
but centre can not be (3, 3)]
cente (1, 1)
 a = 1 or a=3
2. 2(1 – r)2 = r2
2 (1 – r) = r
r  
2 1 = 2
2
r=
2 1
= 2  
2 1 = 2  2 ]
3. r=1;L= 3
area of quadrilateral = 3
1 2 
area of sector = ·1· =
2 3 3

shaded region = 3 – 3 Ans. ]
kb
4.  1  1
h a
 k – b = h – a or a – b = h – k
ah bk
also and lies on y-axis
2 2
ah bk
 =
2 2
 a–b=k–h
and touches the x-axis  2 g2  c = 0

 centre (b, a) g2 = c = b2
 equation x2 + y2 – 2hx – 2ay + b2 = 0
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x
5. cosec15° =
1
x = cosec15°
R = x + 1 = 1 + cosec 15°
2 2 4
=1+ =1+
3 1 6 2
=1+ 6 2 ]
6. Using sine law

a
 2R
sin A
8 2 = 2R  R= 4 2
using power of a point
(PB)(PC) = (PD)(PE)
15 = (R – x)(R + x)
15 = R2 – x2
 x2 = R2 – 15 = 32 – 15 = 17
 x= 17 Ans. ]
75
7. draw tangents from (0, 0) to the two given circles  (ratio)2 =  r=1:2]
300
8. Let 'c' be (x1, y1) . It's chord of contact w.r.t. c2 is x x1 + y y1 = 9. Also the tangent at (1, 2) to c1
is x + 2y = 5. Now compare to get x1, y1
y x
9. =  y = 3x ;y+x = 3 +1
sin 60 sin 30
and x  
3 1 = 3 +1  x=1
 r1 = x 2 = 2 and r2 = 2 ]
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3 x 3 3
10. cos  = =  x=  AB =
4 1 4 2
7
p= 4 2  32 = 7 and c3M =
4
7 3 7
 CM = 7  =
4 4
3 7 3 1 9 7
 A= . . = ]
4 2 2 16
3 33
11. h2 = 9 – = (ref. figure)
4 4
33
h=
2
3 · 33
Area of QAP =
2 ·2
3 11 99
 Area of quadrilateral = =
2 2
12. AB = a 2  b
hence D = b 2  a 2 ....(1)
d  ab
Now = =
2 s 2s
d ab
 =
2 a  b  a2  b2
2ab
or d = ....(2)
a  b  a2  b2
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from (1) and (2)
a2  b2 (a  b)  a2  b2   2ab
 
d+D=
a  b  a2  b2
(a  b ) 2  (a  b ) a 2  b 2
=
a  b  a2  b2
(a  b) (a  b)  a 2  b 2 
 
=
a  b  a 2  b2
13. Equation of the line l is

y – 0 = m(x + 1) ....(1)
solving it with x2 + y2 = 1
x2 + m2(x + 1)2 = 1
(m2 + 1)x2 + 2m2x + (m2 – 1) = 0, m  Q
 2m 2  4m 4  4( m 4  1)
x=
2( m 2  1)
 2m 2  2
=
2( m 2  1)
taking – ve sign
x = – 1 (corresponding to A)
1  m2
with + ve sign x=
1  m2
since m  Q hence x will be rational.
If x is rational then y is also rational from (1) ]
14. Let the circle be x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy = 0

Tangent at the origin is gx + fy = 0
2g 2
d1 =
g2  f 2 
 2 2
  d1  d 2  2 g  f  diameter
2f 2 
d2 = 
g2  f 2
15. Line must pass through the centre of the circle & point is on circle.]
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16. The distance from a point (x0, y0) to a line Ax + By + C = 0 is
| Ax 0  By0  C |
A 2  B2
The centre of the circle is (5, – 3),
so the distance from this point to the line 5x + 12y – 4 = 0 is
5 ·5  12 ·(3)  4 | 25  36  4 | 15
2 2 = =
5  12 169 13
2
From this, subtract the radius of the circle, one, to obtain the answer of ]
13
17. Equation of line : y – 1 = m(x – 7)
mx – y + 1 – 7m = 0
r
Perpendicular distancer from (0, 0)=
2
| 7m  1 | r
 2 = =5
1 m 2
(7m – 1) 2 = 25(1 + m2)
49m2 – 14m + 1 = 25 + 25m2
24m2 – 14m – 24 = 0
 m1m2 = – 1 Ans. ]
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18. equation of chord of contact AB
x a cos + y a sin = b2 .....(1)
this is tangent to the circle x2 + y2 = c2
 perpendicular from (0, 0) on (1) is equal to c
b2
 =c
a 2 cos 2   b 2 sin 2 
 b2 = ac]
a2 b2 a2  b2
19. r=  = ; r2 = 2p2
4 4 2
 2 2
a 2  b2 a  b 
or  2  x     y   
4  2  2  

a 2  b2 a 2  b2
= x2 + y2 – ax – by +  result
8 4
20. Radius of circle are r1, r2 and 1

line y = x + 1
perpendicular from (0, 0) on line y = x + 1
1
=
2
1
now r1 > but r1 = 1 – 2d
2
1 2 1
hence 1 – 2d > ; > 2d;
2 2
2 1
d<
2 2
2 1
 d=
2 2
Aliter : Equation of circle are
x2 + y 2 = 1
x2 + y2 = (1 – d)2
x2 + y2 = (1 – 2d)2
 solve any of circle with line y = x + 1
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e.g. x2 + y2 = (1 – d)2  2x2 + 2x + 2d – d2 = 0 cuts the circle in real and distinct point hence 
>0
 2d2 – 4d + 1 > 0
2 2
 d=
4
21. circles can touch only at (0, 0)

 (–g, –f1); (0, 0) and (–g2, –f2) collinear
f1 f2
 g g ]
1 2
22. Circle touching y = tan (tan 1 x) at (0, 0) can be taken as

x2 + y2 +  (x  y) = 0 .....(1)
This bisects the circumference of the circle
x2 + y2 + 2 y   3 = 0 .....(2)
Hence radical axis between 1 and 2 must pass through the centre of (2) which is (0,  1)
Radical axis is  (x  y)  2 y + 3 = 0
(1) + 2 + 3 = 0  =  5
Put  =  5 in (1) to get the result ]
k h
23. (m)   = – 1  m = ....(1)
h k
Also (h, k) lies on the line L  k = m(h + 2) ....(2)
O(0,0)
P Q slope=m
(x1,y1) (h,k) (x2,y2)
From (1) and (2) eliminating m, we get

h
k= (h + 2)  h2 + k2 + 2h = 0
k
 Required locus is (x + 1)2 + y2 = 1
3 3
24. In ABD ; sin B = ; tan B =
5 4
TC 3
in BTC ; tan B = =
2 4
3
 TC =
2
3
but CD = TC =
2
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25. Given y = 1  4  x2
y
P(2,4)
T
(–2,1)B (0,1)
A(2,1)
x
(–2,0) O (2,0)
Now curve is (y – 1)2 = 4 – x2  x2 + (y – 1)2 = 4

Also line is y – 4 = k(x – 2), passing through (2, 4) with slope k.
4 1 3
Now mPB = =
2 2 4
Again for slope of PT, using condition of tangency we get
 1  4  2k 5
2 = 2  (3 – 2k)2 = 4(1 + k2)  9 – 12k = 4  k =
1 k 12
5 3
 For two distinct points of intersection, we must have < k  . Ans.
12 4
Alternatively: Solving two curves we get, 1  4  x 2  ( x  2) k  4
4  x 2  ( x  2) k  3
Squaring, we get
4 – x2 = (x – 2)2k2 + 9 + 6k(x – 2)
x2(k2 + 1) – 4xk2 + 6kx + 5 – 12k + 4k2 = 0
(k2 + 1)x2 + (6k – 4k2)x + 5 – 12k + 4k2 = 0
For two distinct point D > 0
(6k – 4k2)2 – 4(k2 + 1) (5 – 12k + 4k2) > 0
(3k – 2k2)2 – (k2 + 1)(4k2 – 12k + 5) > 0
(9k2 + 4k4 – 12k3) – (4k4 – 12k3 + 5k2 + 4k2 – 12k + 5) > 0
(9k2 + 4k4 – 12k3) – (4k4 – 12k3 + 9k2 – 12k + 5) > 0
5
12k – 5 > 0  k>
12
Also 4  x 2  ( x  2) k  3 (x  [–2, 2] )
3
 (x – 2)k + 3  0  k
(x  2)
3
k  x [–2, 2]
2x
3 3
minimum value of =
2x 4
3 5 3
 k   ,
4  12 4 
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26. Let equation of circles be
y
B
x
O (0,0)
S  (x – r1)2 + (y – r1)2 = r12 ... (1)

and S'  (x – r2)2 + (y – r2)2 = r22 ... (2)
where r1 > r2
 Equation of common chord is S – S' = 0 given by
2(x + y) = r1 + r2 ... (3)
 For maximum length of common chord,
above equation (3) must pass through the centre (r2, r2) of the smaller circle.
r1
4r2 = r1 + r2  3r2 = r1  = 3
r2
4h
27. Area of the triangle = = 2h
2
y
D C
A 2 M h B
1 5 x
O (0,0)
hmax = MD = 5 1
 Maximum area = 2  
5  1 = 8 sin 18°  8 cos 72° = k cos72°
Hence k = 8. Ans.]
28. h2 + k2 = 1 + 7
 locus of the point P is
x2 + y2 = 8
This is the director circle of circle x2 + y2 = 4

 x2 + y2 = 8 is director circle of a circle with radius = 2. ]
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29. r=7
R r 1
sin 30° = =
Rr 2
2R – 2r = R + r
R = 3r = 21 Ans.
8
30. The slope of the chord is m = –
k
 k = ± 1, ± 2, ± 4, ± 8
but (8, k) must also lie inside the circle x2 + y2 = 125
y
(0,0)
x
A P (8,k) B
64 + k2 – 125 < 0  k2 < 61  k can be equal to ± 1, ± 2, ± 4

 6 values Ans.]
31. C1 (6, 3) ; r1 = 7 and C2 (2, 6) ; r2 = 40  K

 C1C2 = 5
for intersection r1 + r2  C1C2
40  K + 7  5
 40  K  – 2 always true
 K  – 40 ....(1)
Again r1 – r2  C1C2
40  K – 7  5
 40  K  12  40 + K  144
 K  104 ....(2)
Also r2 – r1  C1C2
7– 40  K  5
 2  40  K  4  40 + K  – 36  K
 K  – 36 ....(3)
from (1), (2) and (3), – 36  K  104
hence b = 104 ; a = – 36
 b – a = 140 Ans. ]
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32. x = – 5 + 14 cos 
y = 12 + 14 sin 
———————
x2 + y2 = 365 – 140 cos  + 336 sin 
= 365 – 14 (24 sin  – 10 cos )
= 365 – 28 (12 sin  – 5 cos )
= 365 – 28 · 13
2 2
x + y = 365 – 364 = 1. Ans.]
33.
x2 + y2 + 4x – 6y = 12 3x – 4y – 7 = 0
Centre
(–2, 3) (4, 0)
R=5 (1, –1)
Centre x2 + y2 – 8x + 10y + 16 = 0
(4, –5)
The equation of circle touching 3x – 4y = 7 at (1, –1) is

(x – 1)2 + (y + 1)2 +  (3x – 4y – 7) = 0
As (4, 0) satisfying it, so  = –2. ]
1
34. slope of l1 =
2
slope of l2 = – 2
equation of l2
y = – 2(x – 10)  y + 2x = 20
Hence t = 20 Ans.]
35. Let equation of circles be

S  (x – r1)2 + (y – r1)2 = r12 ... (1)
and S'  (x – r2)2 + (y – r2)2 = r22 ... (2)
where r1 > r2
 Equation of common chord is S – S' = 0 given by
y
B
x
O (0,0)
2(x + y) = r1 + r2 ... (3)

 For maximum length of common chord,
above equation (3) must pass through the centre (r2, r2) of the smaller circle.
r1
 4r2 = r1 + r2  3r2 = r1  = 3 Ans.]
r2
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y
4h
36. Area of the triangle = = 2h D C
2
A 2 M h B
hmax = MD = 5 1 1 5 x
O (0,0)
 Maximum area = 2  
5  1 = 8 sin 18°  8 cos 72° = k cos72°
Hence k = 8. Ans.]
37. Let  = 3h – 2,  = 3k
2 
 =h and =k
3 3
As, (h, k) lies on given circle, so
h2 + k2 – 2h – 4k – 4 = 0
(   2) 2  2 2 4
   (   2)  4
9 9 3 3
 2 + 2 – 2 – 12 = 44
 ( – 1)2 + ( – 6)2 = 44 + 37
 Locus of (, ) is (x – 1)2 + (y – 6)2 = 81,
which represents circle whose radius = 9. ]
y 43
38. x2 + y2 + 3x – – =0
2 16
2 2
 3  1 9 1 43 36  1  43 80
x   + y  =   = = =5
 2  4 4 16 16 16 16
2 2
 3  1
 x   +  y   = 5;
 2  4
 3 1
centre   ,  and radius = 5
 2 4
perpendicular distance of L from the centre
8 3 2   4 1 4   73 60 15
= = = =
82  4 2 4 5 5 3 5
now required distance d = 3 5 – r = 3 5 – 5 = 2 5

Hence shortest distance = 2 5  p=2 & q=5  p + q = 7 Ans. ]
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39. Centre: Cn = 1 + (n – 1) 3 ; Cn = 3n – 2
C5 = 13 ; C3 = 7 ; C5 (13, 0) ; C3 (7, 0)
Radius: Rn = arn–1 = 2n–1
R3 = 4 mx–y–13m = 0
B
Line AB:
y – 0 = m (x – 13) ; mx – y – 13m = 0 C3 C5
x
 6m (7, 0) (13,0)
 =4  9m2 = 4m2 + 4
2
m 1
C
2
m1 
4 2 5
 m2 =  m=±
5 5 2
m2 
5
4
Hence 2010 | m1m2 | = 2010 × = 402 × 4 = 1608 Ans. ]
5
40. C : (x – 2)2 + y2 = 20
b0 b6
 =–1 (0, 6)
a2 a
b2 – 6b = 2a – a2 (a, b)
 a2 + b2 = 2 (a + 3b) .......(1)
2 2
Also, a + b = 16 + 2a .......(2)
(2) – (1) (2, 0)
 16 + 2a – 63 = 0  8 + a – 33 = 0.
Put a = 3b – 8 in (2)
(3b – 8)2 + b2 = 16 + 4 (3b – 8)
9b2 + 64 – 48b + b2 = 16 + 12b – 32
10b2 + 64 – 48b + b2 = 16 + 12b – 32
10b2 – 60b + 80 = 0  b2 – 6b + 8  (b – 4) (b – 2) = 0
b=2  a=–2
b=4  a=4
 (a, b)  (– 2, 2) or (4, 4) but a > 0
 a = 4; b = 4
 a2 + b2 = 32. Ans]
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MA TH EM ATI C S

EST I NF
ORM AT IO NO. 16
PARABOLA
SINGLE CORRECT :
1. The length of the latus rectum of the parabola, y2  6y + 5x = 0 is

(1) 1 (2) 3 (3) 5 (4) 7
2. The equation of the directrix of the parabola, y2 + 4y + 4x + 2 = 0 is

(1) x = –1 (2) x = 1 (3) x = – 3/2 (4) x = 3/2
3. Two mutually perpendicular tangents of the parabola y2 = 4ax meet the axis in P1 and P2. If S is
1 1
the focus of the parabola then  is equal to
l (SP1 ) l (SP2 )
4 2 1 1
(1) (2) (3) (4)
a a a 4a
4. If the parabola y = x2 is tangent to the circle x2 + (y –1)2 = c, then the value of c is equal
to
4 3 2 1
(1) (2) (3) (4)
5 4 3 2
5. If be the angle subtended at the focus by the chord which is normal at the point (, ),   0
to the parabola y2 = 4x, then the equation of line making angle  with positive x-axis
and passing through (1, 2) is
(1) y = 2 (2) x + 2y = 5 (3) x + y = 3 (4) x = 1
6. A line L is common tangent to the circle x2 + y2 = 1 and the parabola y2 = 4x.

If  is the angle which it makes with the positive x-axis, then tan2 is equal to
(1) 2 sin 18° (2) 2 sin 15° (3) cos 36° (4) 2 cos 36°
7. The radius of circle touching parabola y2 = x at M(1, 1) and having directrix of y2 = x as its
normal, is
6 5 7 5 5 5 3 5
(1) (2) (3) (4)
4 4 4 4
8. TP & TQ are tangents to the parabola, y2 = 4ax at P & Q. If the chord PQ passes through the
fixed point (– a, b) then the locus of T is
(1) ay = 2b (x  b) (2) bx = 2a (y  a) (3) by = 2a (x  a) (4) ax = 2b (y  b)
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9. If A & B are points on the parabola y2 = 4ax with vertex O such that OA perpendicular to OB &
r14 / 3 r24 / 3
having lengths r1 & r2 respectively, then the value of is :
r12 / 3  r22 / 3
(1) 16a2 (2) a2 (3) 4a (4) None of these
 3p  7 
10. If from a point  p,   p  R, pair of perpendicular tangents are drawn to a parabola
 4 
whose smallest focal chord is 3x – 4y + 3 = 0, then latus rectum of the parabola is
4 8 16
(1) (2) (3) (4) 4
5 5 5
11. If the tangents & normals at the extremities of a focal chord of a parabola intersect at (x1, y1) and
(x2, y2) respectively, then :
(1) x1 = x2 (2) x1 = y2 (3) y1 = y2 (4) x2 = y1
12. The common tangent to circle x2 + y2 =2 and parabola y2 = 8x and lying below x-axis is equal
to
(1) y = x + 1 (2) y = x + 2 (3) y = x – 2 (4) y = –x – 2
13. The locus of the foot of the perpendiculars drawn from the vertex on a variable tangent to the
parabola y2 = 4ax is
(1) x (x2 + y2) + ay2 = 0 (2) y (x2 + y2) + ax2 = 0
(3) x (x2  y2) + ay2 = 0 (4) none of these
14. The equation of latus rectum of a parabola is x + y = 8 and equation of the tangent at the vertex is
x + y = 12, then the length of latus rectum is
(1) 4 2 (2) 2 2 (3) 8 (4) 8 2
15. The parabola y = x2 – 9 and y = kx2 intersect each other at the points A and B. If the length AB is
equal to 10 units then the value of k is equal to
9 16 16
(1) 75 (2) (3) (4)
25 25 9
16. Let S be the focus of y2 = 4x and a point P is moving on the curve such that it's abscissa is
increasing at the rate of 4 units/sec, then the rate of increase of projection of SP on x + y = 1
when P is at (4, 4) is
3
(1) 2 (2) – 1 (3) – 2 (4) –
2
17. If the normals to the parabola y2 = 4ax at the point P meets the curve again in Q and y1, y2 be the
ordinates of P and the middle point of PQ respectively then y1y2 is equal to
(1) – a2 (2) – 2a2 (3*) – 4a2 (4) – 8a2
18. If M is the foot of the perpendicular from a point P of a parabola y2 = 4ax to its directrix and SPM
is an equilateral triangle, where S is the focus, then SP is equal to :
(1) a (2) 2a (3) 3a (4) 4a
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19. Tangent and normal are drawn at the endpoints of focal chords of parabola y2 = 4x to form a
rectangle. The locus of circumcentre of rectangle is :
(1) y2 = x – 2 (2) y2 = 2x – 1 (3) 2y2 = 2x – 1 (4) y2 = 2x – 2
20. A chord is drawn through the focus of parabola y2 = 6x such that its distance from the vertex of
5
this parabola is , then its slope can be
2
5 3 2 2
(1) (2) (3) (4)
2 2 5 3

21. Length of normal chord of the parabola y2 = 4x, which makes an angle of with x-axis, is
4
(1) 8 (2) 8 2 (3) 4 (4) 4 2
22. A parabola with latus rectum 4a slides such that it touches the positive coordinate axes. Then
the locus of its focus is
1 1 1 1 1 2
(1) 2
 2  2 , x > 0, y > 0 (2) 2
 2  2 , x > 0, y > 0
x y a x y a
1 1 1 1 1 4
(3) 2
 2  2 , x > 0, y > 0 (4) 2
 2  2 , x > 0, y > 0
x y 2a x y a
23. If the line y – 3 x + 3 = 0 cut the parabola y2 = x + 2 at A and B, then the value of PA · PB is
[where P = ( 3 , 0)]
4 (2  3 ) 4 (2  3 ) 4 (2  3 ) 4 (2  3 )
(1) (2) (3) (4)
3 3 3 3
24. Tangents are drawn to y2 = 4ax at point where the line lx + my + n = 0 meets this parabola.
Intersection point of these tangents is
 n 2am   n am   n  2am   n  am 
(1)  ,  (2)  ,  (3)  ,  (4)  , 
l l  l l  l l  l l 
25. The area bounded by the parabola y2 = 4ax and the lines x = a and x = 4a is
35 a 2 4 a2 7 a2 56 a 2
(1) (2) (3) (4)
3 3 3 3
26. The slope of a chord of the parabola y2 = 4ax which is normal at one end and which subtends a
right angle at the origin is
1 1
(1) (2) 2 (3) 2 (4)
2 2
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Numerical Value
27. The locus of the middle points of the focal chords of parabola, y2 = 8x is another parabola whose
length of latus rectum is
28. Tangents are drawn from any point on the line y = x – 2 to parabola y2 = 4x such that chords of
contact passes through the fixed point whose coordinates are (a, b). The value of (a + b) is
29. The locus of the mid point of the focal radii of a variable point P moving on the parabola y2 = 8x,
is a parabola whose latus rectum is
30. If the curve y = |x – 3| touches the parabola y 2 = (x – 4) ,  > 0, then latus rectum of the
parabola, is
31. The circle x2 + y2 = 5 meets the parabola y2 = 4x at P & Q. Then the length PQ is equal to :
32. A chord PQ is a normal to the parabola y2 = 4ax at P and subtends a right angle at the vertex.
If SQ = SP where S is the focus then the value of , is
33. Let y = x + 1 is axis of parabola, y + x – 4 = 0 is tangent of same parabola at its vertex and
y = 2x + 3 is one of its tangent. If S(, ) is focus of parabola, then 9( + ) is equal to
34. If the line x – 1 = 0 is the directrix of the parabola y2 – kx + 8 = 0, then one of the values of k is
35. If the lines y = ax + 1, y = bx + 4 and y = x + 3 are three normals drawn from a point P(h, k)
to a parabola whose axis lies along x-axis, then the value of (a + b + 2h + k) equals
36. Normals PO, PB and PC are drawn to the parabola y2 = 12x from the point P(, 0). If the
triangle OBC is equilateral triangle then possible value of  is equal to (where O is the vertex of
the parabola)
37. If the line 2x + y + K = 0 is a normal to the parabola, y2 + 8x = 0 then K =
38. From the point (4 , 6) a pair of tangent lines are drawn to the parabola, y2 = 8x. The area of the
triangle formed by these pair of tangent lines & the chord of contact of the point (4 , 6) is :
39. A tangent is drawn to the parabola y2 = 4x at the point 'P' whose abscissa lies in the interval [1,4].
The maximum possible area of the triangle formed by the tangent at 'P' , ordinate of the point 'P'
and the x-axis is equal to
40. Let P(x1, y1) and Q(x2, y2) be points on the curve y = x2 – 5x + 6 at which the tangents drawn
intersect at the pont R(1, 1). Find area of triangle PQR.
ANSWER KEY
1. (3) 2. (4) 3. (3) 4. (2) 5. (4) 6. (1) 7. (3)

8. (3) 9. (1) 10. (2) 11. (3) 12. (4) 13. (1) 14. (4)
15. (3) 16. (3) 17. (3) 18. (4) 19. (4) 20. (1) 21. (2)
22. (1) 23. (1) 24. (3) 25. (4) 26. (2) 27. 4 28. 0
29. 4 30. 4 31. 4 32. 3 33. 43 34. 4 35. 1
36. 42 37. 24 38. 2 39. 16 40. 2
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SOLUTION
1. Parabola is (y – 3)2 = –5x + 9
 9
 (y – 3)2 = – 5  x  
 5
L.R. = 5 Ans. ]
2. y2 + 4y = – 4x – 2
(y + 2)2 = 4 – 4x – 2 = – 4x + 2
 1
(y + 2)2 = – 4  x  
 2
1
Let y + 2 = Y ; x  =X
2
Y2 = – 4X
directrix X = 1
1
x =1
2
3
x=
2
2x – 3 = 0  D]
3. SP1 = a(1 + t12 ) ;SP2 = a(1 + t 22 )
also t1t2 = – 1
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1 1 1 t2
SP1 = a (1  t 2 ) ; SP2 = a (1  t 2 )
1 1 1
 SP1 SP2 = a
+ Ans. ]
4. Substitute x2 = y to get y + (y – 1)2 = c or y2 – y + 1 – c = 0.

y
(0,1)
x
O
D = 1 – 4 (1 – c) = 0
– 3 + 4c = 0
3
c= Ans.]
4
5. Putting (, ) in y2 = 4x, we get
y y2=4x
P( , )
P(4,4)
L(1,2)
m1

(0,0)V S
x
(1,0)
m2
Q
(9, –6)
 = 0, 4
but   0 (Given)
So, =4
 P = (4, 4)  t1 = 2
 
Hence t2 = – 3  Using t 2   t1  2 
 t1 

 Q = (9, – 6)
4 3
Now m1 = ; m2 =
3 4
  = 90°
Hence equation of line passing through (1, 2) and inclined at an angle  = 90° is x = 1. ]
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6. Tangent to the parabola
y
x
O S(1,0)
1
y2 = 4x is y = mx + ....(i)
m
m2x – my + 1 = 0,
As, it touches the circle x2 + y2 = 1, so
1
 1  m4 + m2 – 1 = 0
4 2
m m
1 1 4
 m2 = tan2 =
2
5 1  5 1
=  2   = 2 sin 18° Ans.]

2  4  y
7. Equation of normal at P is  1 
(y – 1) = –2(x – 1)  2x + y = 3  , y
 4 
C
1 7
At x = ,y= P(1, 1)
4 2
1  1 
2 2
x  , 0
 1  7  4 
 radius = 1    1   4
 4  2
25 25 5 5
=  = Ans.]
16 4 4
8. Chord of contact of (h, k)
ky = 2a (x + h). It passes through ( a, b)

 bk = 2a ( a + h)
 Locus is by = 2a (x  a) ]
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9. r12 sin2  = 4 ar1 cos  (1)
and r22 cos2  = 4 ar2 sin  (2)
from (1) r12 sin4  = 16 a2 cos2   (3)
(3)  (1)
2
r12 sin 3  16 a 64 a 3
= 2  sin3  = 2  (4)
4 a r2 r2 r1 r2
64 a 3
Similarly cos3  =  (5) ]
r1 r22
 3p  7 
10.  p,  lies on the directrix
 4 
3x  7  3p  7 
y=  3x – y + 7 = 0  p, 
4  4 
73 8
length of LR = 2 × = . Ans.]
5 5 3x – 4y + 3 = 0
Shifting the origin at A equation is
X2 = – 8Y
now (x – 2)2 = – 8(y – 2)
11. x1 = at1t2, y1 = a(t1 + t2) ; x2 = a( t12 + t 22 + t1t2 + 2), y2 = – at1t2(t1 + t2) with t1t2 = – 1
x1 = – a, y1 = a(t1 + t2) ; x2 = a( t12  t 22  1 ) ; y2 = a(t1 + t2) ]
2
12. Tangent to parabola is y = mx +
m
If it is also tangent to circle
2/m
 = 2  m = ±1
1  m2
 Equation of tangent is
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 y=x+2
or y = –x – 2
 Tangent below x-axis is y = –x – 2 Ans.
a
13. Tangent y = mx + . Line through origin and perpendicular to it
m
x + my = 0 = 0. Now elliminate m ]
L1
x+y=12
x+y=8
14. v s x
L1
12  8 4
vs = = =a
2 2
16
 L (L.R) = 4a = = 8 2. ]
2
15. solving x2 – 9 = kx2
x2(k – 1) + 0.x + 9 = 0
9
x 1 + x 2 = 0 & x 1 x2 =
k 1
now, | x1 – x2 | = 10
= (x1  x 2 ) 2  4 x1x 2
36
100 =
1 k
64 16
100 – 100k = 36  k =  Ans ]
100 25

16. V  ( T 2  1) î  2Tˆj

n  ĵ  î
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 
projection of V on n
 
V ·n (1  T 2 )  2T
y=  =
|n| 2
dy
2 y = 1 – T2 + 2T ; 2
dt
dT dT
= – 2T +2
dt dt
dx dx dT
Given = 4; but x = T2; = 2T
dt dt dt
when P(4, 4) then T = 2
dT dT
 4=2·2 ; =1
dt dt
dy
 2 =–4+2=–2
dt
dy
 =– 2 ]
dt
2
17. t2 = – t 1 – ....(1)
t1
also a t12 = x1 ; a t 22 = p ; 2at1 = y1 ; 2at2 = q

q + y1 = 2y2
2at2 + 2at1 = 2y2
 2a(t1 + t2) = 2y2
4a y1 2
– = 2y2 from (1) ; putting t1 = (t1 + t2 = – t )
t1 2a 1
(4a )(2a )
2y2 = –  y1 y2 = – 4a2
y1
18. PS = PM = at2 + a = 2 MN = 4a
 t2 = 3 ]
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 1 2
19. Coordinates of focal chord AB is A(t2, 2t) and B  , 
 t2 t 
Let circumcentre is P(h, k)
1 2
t2  2 2t 
 h=
t and k = t
2 2
Now, eliminate, we get k2 = 2h – 2, i.e.,
y2 = 2x – 2
20. Let equation of line is

 3
(y – 0) = m  x  
 2
 2mx – 2y – 3m = 0
Now,
3 
V(0,0) S  , 0
2 
| 3m | 5
2 =
2 1 m 2
 9m2 = 5m2 + 5
 4m2 = 5
5
 m=± ]
2

21. equation of normal with slope = tan =1 will be
4
y = 1· x – 2· 1· 1 – 1· 13
 y  x 3
 length of normal
4
= 2
a (1  m 2 )(a  cm)
m
4
= 1(1  1)(1  3) = 8 2 ]
1
22. Let focus be (h, k).

 Foot of perpendicular from focus upon tangent lies on tangent at vertex.
(h, 0) and (0, k) are on tangent at the vertex.
equation of tangent at the vertex will be
x y
 1
h k
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Perpendicular distance from focus (h, k)
upon tangent at the vertex = a
S
(0,k) (h,k)
x
(h,0)
1  1 1
 a
1 1

h2 k2
1 1 1
 2
 2  2
h k a
1 1 1
 Locus is 2
 2  2 ]
x y a
x 3
23. Equation of line can be written as

cos
3
A
y0
= =r

sin O
3 P ( 3 ,0)
B
 r r 3
 Point =  3  ,  lies on parabola.
 2 2 

3 2 r
 r = 3 +2
4 2
 3r2 – 2r – 4 (2 + 3)= 0
 4 (2  3 ) 4 (2  3 )
 PA · PB = r1 r2 = = . Ans.]
3 3
24. At P(h, k)
T : yk – 2ax – 2ah = 0
my + lx + n = 0
k  2a  2ah
= =
m l h
 2am n
k= h= Ans. ]
l l
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4a 4a
25. Area = 2  4ax dx = 4 a  2 x 3 / 2 
a
3 a

8 a 8a 3 / 2  a 3 / 2 56 a 2

= =
3 3
x=a x = 4a
2
26. m=
t1  t 2 = – t1 and t1t2 = – 4
 t1 = ± 2 = slope]
27. 
2h = a t 2  t 2
1 2  ....(1) and 2k = 2a (t1 + t2) ....(2)
and t1t2 = – 1
from (2)
 2h 
k2 = a 2   2 
a 
y2 = 2a (x – 2a)
Put a = 2
Hence, y2 = 4 (x – 4). ]
28. Let P(t + 2, t) be a point on y = x – 2.

Tangents are drawn to parabola
2
y = 4x from P(t + 2, t)
So, equation of chord of contact is ty = 2(x + t + 2)
 2(x + 2) + t(2 – y) = 0, t R
 x = –2 and y = 2  Sum of whose abscissa and ordinate is zero.]
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29. Clearly 2h = a + at2 .... (1)
and 2k = 2at .... (2)

y
2
P(at , 2at)
M(h, k)
x
O S(a, 0)
(0,0)
 On eliminating t from (1) & (2),

we get locus of M(h, k) is
y2 = 4 (x – 1)  Latus rectum = 4. ]
30. (x – 3)2 =  (x – 4)  x2 – 6x + 9 = x – 4  x2 – (6 + )x + 9 + 4 = 0

y
3
–
x
=
y
x
(3,0)
D=0  =4
31. P (1, 2) ; Q (1,  2) ; PQ passes through focus
2 2 2
32. We have, · = –1  t1 t2 = –4 ; also t2 = – t1 – ....(1)
t1 t 2 t1
y
P(t1)
90° x
O S(a,0)
x+a=0
Q(t2)
t1t2 = – t12 – 2  – 4 + 2 = – t12  t12 = 2
4
Also, t 22 = t12 + +4 squaring (1)
t12
 t 22 = 2 + 2 + 4 = 8
Now, SQ = a(1 + t 22 ) = a(1 + 8) = 9a and SP = a(1 + t12 ) = a(1 + 2) = 3a
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SQ
 =3  SQ = 3SP
SP
  = 3 Ans.]
33. –=1 ...........(i)

11

3 1
1 2 ...........(ii)

3
y = 2x + 3
 1 11 
 , 
3 3 
S(, )
y=x+1
23
x + 2y =
3
on solving
17 26
we get  = and  = ]
9 9
 8
34. y2 = kx – 8  k x  
 k
8 k
The directrix of the parabola is x = 
k 4
8 k
Now x = 1 also coincides with x = 
k 4
8 k
  = 1, we get k = 4
k 4
35. Sum of slopes of normals a + b + 1 = 0  a + b = –1

1 a 1
Also all three are concurrent = 1 b 4 = 0  a + 2b = 3
1 1 3
 a=–5
b=4
 Three normals at
N1 : y = –5x + 1
N2 : y = 4x + 4 ……(i)
N3 : y = x + 3 ……(ii)
Equation (i) and (ii), we get
 1 8 
P , 
 3 3
2 8
a + b + 2h + k = –5 + 4 +   + = 1. Ans.]
 3  3
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2at 1
36. 2 = tan 30° =
at 3
 t= 2 3
(at2, 2at)
30° P(,0)
O
equation of normal
y + tx = 6t + 3t3
 P(6 + 3t2, 0).
37. m = – 2, a = – 2
 equation of normal
y = – 2x – 2(–2)(–2) – (–2)(–2)3
2x + y + 24 = 0
 k = 24 Ans.]
( y12  4ax1 )3 / 2
38. A= ; x1 = 4 ; y 1 = 6 ; a = 2 ]
2a
1
39. T : ty = x + t2 , tan =
t
1 1
A= (AN) (PN) = (2t2) (2t)
2 2
A = 2t3 = 2(t2)3/2
i.e. t2  [1, 4] & Amax occurs when t2 = 4  Amax = 16 ]
40. The equation of tangent at (, ) is [13th, 04-11-2012, Adv., P-2]

(y – ) = (2 – 5) (x – )
At, it passes through (1, 1) so
(1 – ) = (2 – 5) (1 – ) .........(1)
Also, (, ) satisfy y = x2 – 5x + 6,
so,  = (2 – 5 + 6) .........(2)
 On putting the value of  from (2) in (1), we get
1 – 2 + 5 – 6 = – 22 + 7 – 5
 2 – 2 = 0  = 0, 2
 For  = 0,  = 6  P(0, 6) and for  = 2,  = 0  Q(2, 0)
So, area of triangle PQR
0 6 1
1
= | 2 0 1 | =  2 = 2. Ans.]
2 1 1 1
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M AT H E M AT I CS

E S T IN F OR
M TI O
A NO. 18
ELLIPSE
SINGLE CORRECT :
1. Number of points which can determine a unique ellipse in xy plane, is

(1) 2 (2) 3 (3) 5 (4) 6
2. An ellipse has semi major axis of length 2 and semi minor axis of length 1. The distance between its
foci is
(1) 2 3 (2) 3 (3) 2 2 (4) 3
x2 y 2
3. If the line lx + my + n = 0 cuts the ellipse + = 1 in two points whose eccentric angles
a 2 b2

differ by , then
2
(1) a2l2 + b2n2 = 2 m2 (2) a2m2 + b2l2 = 2 n2
(3) a2l2 + b2m2 = 2 n2 (4) a2n2 + b2m2 = 2 l2
4. If the chord through the point whose eccentric angles are  &  on the ellipse,
(x2/a2) + (y2/b2) = 1 passes through the focus, then the value of (1 + e) tan(/2) tan(/2) is
(1) e + 1 (2) e  1 (3) 1  e (4) 0
5. A ladder 12 units long slides in a vertical plane with its ends in contact with a vertical wall and a
horizontal floor along x-axis. The locus of a point on the ladder 4 units from its foot has the
equation :
x2 x2 y2 x2 y2 y2
(1) + y2 = 1 (2)  =1 (3)  =1 (4) x2 + =1
4 16 64 64 16 4
( x  1) 2 y2
6. Consider the conic  = 1. Suppose P is any point on the conic and S1, S2 are the
 3
foci of the conic, then the maximum value of (PS1 + PS2) is
(1) 2 (2) 3  (3) 2  (4)  3
7. An ellipse in the first quadrant is tangent to co-ordinate axes. If one focus is F1 (3, 7), and the
other focus is F2(d, 7), then the value of 3d is equal to
(1) 5 (2) 7 (3) 14 (4) 49
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ax if x  2
 8 if x2
8. Let f (x) =  2 2 .
 b( x  b ) if x  2
x2
If f is continuous at x = 2 then the locus of the pair of perpendicular tangents to the ellipse
x2 y 2
  1, is
a2 b2
(1) x2 + y2 = 8 (2) x2 + y2 = 10 (3) x2 + y2 = 12 (4) x2 + y2 = 68
9. The equation to the locus of the middle point of the portion of the tangent to the ellipse
x 2 y2
+ =1 included between the co-ordinate axes is the curve :
16 9
(1) 9x2 + 16y2 = 4 x2y2 (2) 16x2 + 9y2 = 4 x2y2
(3) 3x2 + 4y2 = 4 x2y2 (4) 9x2 + 16y2 = x2y2
x2 y2
10. P is any point on the ellipse   1 and Q(0, 2) and R(0, – 2) are two points. If p1 and p2
8 4
are the lengths of the perpendicular from Q and R on the tangent at P then p12  p 22 is equal  
to
(1) 32 (2) 16 (3) 4 (4) 8
x 2 y2
11. Tangent drawn to an ellipse   1 at the point with eccentric angle 30º cuts the director
4 1
circle of ellipse at P and Q. The area of triangle OPQ is (where O is origin)
4 19 2 19 6 19 8 19
(1) (2) (3) (4)
7 7 7 7
x 2 y2 3
12. Tangent to the ellipse   1 having slope meet the coordinate axes in A and B.
32 18 4
The area of AOB (O is origin) equals
(1) 12 (2) 8 (3) 24 (4) 32
x 2 y2
13. The equation of common tangent to the curves y2 = 20x and  = 1 having positive
25 120
gradient is
(1) 5 y = x + 25 (2) 5 y = x – 25 (3) 5y=x+5 (4) 5y=x–5
14. Let P (x, y) be a variable point on the curve 4x2 + 9y2 – 8x – 36y + 15 = 0,
then min. (x2 – 2x + y2 – 4y + 5) + max. (x2 – 2x + y2 – 4y + 5) is equal to
36 25 13 325
(1) (2) (3) (4)
325 13 25 36
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x2 y2
15. The point of intersection of the tangents at the point P on the ellipse 2  2 = 1 and its
a b
corresponding point Q on the auxiliary circle meet on the line :
(1) x = a/e (2) x = 0 (3) y = 0 (4) None
x2 y2
16. Let P be arbitrary point on the ellipse 2  – 1 = 0, a > b > 0. Suppose F1 and F2 are the
a b2
foci of the ellipse. The locus of the centroid of the triangle PF1F2 as P moves on the ellipse, is
(1) a circle (2) a parabola (3) an ellipse (4) a hyperbola
17. Equation of the line passing through centre and bisecting the chord 7x + y = 20 of the ellipse
y2
x2   1 , is
7
(1) x + y = 5 (2) x + y = 0 (3) x – y = 0 (4) x – y = 5
1
18. The combined equation of directrices of the ellipse whose eccentricity is , one of the foci is
2
(1,1) and minor axis is x + y = 4 is
(1) x2 + y2 + 2xy + 8 (x + y) + 48 = 0 (2) x2 + y2 + 2xy – 8 (x + y) + 48 = 0
(3) x2 + y2 + 2xy – 8 (x + y) – 48 = 0 (4) x2 + y2 + 2xy + 8 (x + y) – 48 = 0
19. Slope of common tangent to the curve y2 = 4x and x2 + 4y2 = 8 is
1 1 1 3
(1) (2) (3) (4)
3 2 2 4
x 2 y2
20. Equation of one of the common tangent of y2 = 4x and  = 1 is
4 3
(1) x + 2y + 4 = 0 (2) x + 2y – 4 = 0 (3) x – 2y – 4 = 0 (4) 2x + y – 4 = 0
x 2 y2
21. The normal at P() on the ellipse 2  2  1 cuts the axis of x at G and PG is produced to Q so
a b
that GQ = 2PG then the locus of Q is given by
a 2x2 y2 a 2x 2 y2
(1)  1 (2) 2  1
(3b 2  a 2 ) 2 b 2 ( a  3b 2 ) 2 4b 2
a 2x2 y2 x2 y2
(3) 2  1 (4) 2  1
(a  3b 2 ) 2 4b 2 (a  3b 2 ) 2 b 2
22. Let S  (3, 4) and S'  (9, 12) be two foci of an ellipse. If the coordinates of the foot of the perpendicular
from focus S to a tangent of the ellipse is (1, – 4) then the eccentricity of the ellipse is
4 5 5 7
(1) (2) (3) (4)
5 7 13 13
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23. An ellipse is drawn by taking the length of a diameter of the circle (x – 1)2 + y2 = 1 as its semi-
minor axis and length of diameter of the circle x2 + (y – 2) 2= 4 as its semi-major axis. If the
centre of ellipse is at origin and its axes are the coordinate axes, then eccentricity of ellipse is
1 1 3 2
(1) (2) (3) (4)
2 2 2 3
x 2 y2
24. If the curves (x – 20)2 + (y – 20)2 = r2 and   100 intersects orthogonally
4 1
at a point (20 cos , 10 sin ) then
   1 
(1) tan =2 (2) tan = 2 (3) tan = (4) tan = 10
2 2 2 20 2
x 2 y2
25. Any ordinate MP of ellipse   1 meets the auxiliary circle at Q, then locus of point of
25 16
intersection of normals at P and Q to curves is
(1) x2 + y2 = 8 (2) x2 + y2 = 34 (3) x2 + y2 = 64 (4) x2 + y2 = 81
Numerical Value
x 2 y2
26. If F1 and F2 are the feet of the perpendiculars from the foci S1 and S2 of the ellipse  1
5 3
on the tangent at any point P on the ellipse, then (S1F1) (S2F2) is equal to
27. For each point (x, y) on the ellipse with centre at the origin and principal axes along the coordinate
axes, the sum of the distances from the point (x, y) to the points (± 2, 0) is 8. The positive value
of x such that (x, 3) lies on the ellipse, is
x 2 y2
28. The minimum area of a triangle formed by any tangent to the ellipse  = 1 and the
16 81
coordinate axes is
x 2 y2
29. If a tangent of slope 2 on the ellipse 2  2 = 1 is normal to the circle x2 + y2 + 4x + 1 = 0, then
a b
the maximum value of ab is
30. If radius of director circle of auxiliary circle of ellipse (3x + 4y – 1)2 + 5(4x – 3y + 2)2 = 250 is r,
then [r] is equal to
[Note : [r] denotes the greatest integer less than or equal to r.]
x 2 y2 x 2 y2
31. Let the equations of two ellipses be E1 :  = 1 and E2 :  = 1. If the product of their
3 2 16 b 2
1
eccentricities is , then the length of the minor axis of ellipse E2 is
2
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32. Find length of diameter of the director circle of a circle which touches both the tangents to the
x 2 y2
ellipse  = 1 which cut equal intercepts on coordinate axes.
16 9
x 2 y2
33. Consider a circle C : x2 + y2 – 8y + 12 = 0 and an ellipse E :  = 1 (a > b and b < 2).
a 2 b2
If the maximum perpendicular distance from the foci of the ellipse upon the tangent drawn to the
circle is 7 units, and shortest distance between both the curves is 1 unit, then find the value of (a2
– 2b2).
34. Let two foci of an ellipse be S1 (2, 3) and S2 (2, 7) and the foot of perpendicular drawn from S1
upon any tangent to the ellipse be (–1, 1). If e be the eccentricity of ellipse and R be the radius
eR2
of director circle of auxiliary circle of ellipse, then find the value of .
4
x 2 y2 x 2 y2
35. If the ellipse 2  = 1 meets the ellipse  = 1 at four distinct points and b2 = a + b +
a 9 9 1
3, then find the sum of distinct integral values of [b].
ANSWER KEY
1. (3) 2. (1) 3. (3) 4. (2) 5. (3) 6. (3) 7. (2)
8. (3) 9. (1) 10. (2) 11. (1) 12. (3) 13. (1) 14. (4)
15. (3) 16. (3) 17. (3) 18. (3) 19. (3) 20. (1) 21. (3)
22. (3) 23. (3) 24. (1) 25. (4) 26. (3) 27. (2) 28. (36)
29. (4) 30. (4) 31. (4) 32. (10) 33. (8) 34. (5) 35. (0)
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SOLUTION
1. The general form for an ellipse is
Ax2 + Bxy + Cy2 + Dx + Ey + F = 0.
Bxy Cy 2 Dx Ey F
Dividing this by A gives x2 + + + + + = 0.
A A A A A
It takes 5 points to uniquely determine the coefficients.
2. We have d= F1F2 = 2ae

d2 = 4a2e2 = 4(a2 – b2) = 4(4 – 1) = 12  d = 2 3 Ans. ]
x  y  

3. Equation of a chord cos + sin = cos
a 2 b 2 2

Put  =  + , equation reduces to,
2
bx (cos  sin ) + ay (cos  + sin ) = ab  (1)
compare with l x + my =  n  (2)
a
cos   sin    n 
2 2 2 2 2
m b  Squaring and adding a l + b m  2 n = 0 ]
cos   sin    n 

x   y  
4. Chord: cos   sin  
a  2  b  2 

= cos ]
 2 
x2 y2
5. Answer is  = 1]
64 16
( x  1)2 y 2
6.  =1
 3
 (PS1 + PS2) = 2  (constant) (Using property of ellipse) ]
7. We have q1q2 = 3d = b2
and p1p2 = 49 = b2
Hence 3d = 49  3d  49 = 7 Ans.
y
(3,7) (d,7)
q1 F1 C F2
Ty • • • •
q2 p2
p1
O x
• Tx
•
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8. for continuity a = 8; b=2
 director circle is x2 + y2 = 8 + 4 = 12  (3) ]
9. 9x2 + 16y2 = 4 x2y2]
10. Let the tangent be mx – y + 8m 2  4 = 0
8m 2  4  2
p1 = ;
1  m2
8m 2  4  2
p2 =
1  m2
2(8m 2  4)  8
 
p12  p 22  =
(1  m 2 )
16(1  m 2 )
= = 16 Ans.]
(1  m 2 )
 1
11. Equation of tangent at M  3 ,  is 3 x + 2y = 4
 2
y
 1
Q  3, 
M 2
P
4 O
x
Also, distance of PQ from (0, 0) =
7
x 2 y2
 1 x2 + y2 = 5
4 1
16 19
Now, PQ = 2 5 = 2
7 7
1 4 19 4 19
 Area of (OPQ) =  2 = . Ans.]
2 7 7 7
3
12. Equation of tangent with slope = , is
4
3
y= x+C
4
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2
 3
Now, C= 32     18 = 18  18 = 6 (Using condition of tangency)
 4 
3
 y= x  6  3x + 4y = 24
4
It meets the coordinate axes in A and B. So A(8, 0) and B(0, 6).
1
Hence, required area of AOB = (8) (6)
2
= 24. Ans.]
5
13. y = mx + (m > 0) …….(1)
m
25 1
 = 25m2 + 120 (using condition of tangency)  m = . ]
m2 5
( x  1) 2 ( y  2) 2
14. We have,  =1
25 25
4 9
25 25
So, min. ((x – 1)2 + (y – 2)2) = and max. ((x – 1)2 + (y – 2)2) = . ]
9 4
x cos  y sin  x y
15. Tangent at P and Q are ;  =1& cos  + sin  = 1
a b a a
 1 1
Subtracting y sin     = 0  y = 0
 b a
a cos  3h
16.  h=  cos  =
3 a
y
P(a cos , b sin )
b sin  3k G (h, k) F
k=  sin  = F1 2
3 b x
(–ae, 0) (ae, 0)
x 2 y2 1
  = (ellipse)
a 2 b2 9
y 2
17. Let the mid-point of chord by (, ), so its equation is x + = 2 + .
7 7
Now, on comparing with 7x + y = 20, we get
 7
   = .
7 1
x
So, the required line be y =  y = x. Ans.]

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18. Equation of major axis: x – y = , passes through (1, 1)  = 0
x–y=0
Hence, centre is (2, 2)
Now, CS = ae
1
 2 =a · a=2 2.
2
Equation of directrix: x + y = 
x+y=4 directrix
a C S
perpendicular from centre to directrix = (1, 1) 
e major axis
4  2
 = =4 2.
2 12
–4=±8
 = 12 or – 4
 equation of directrix are x + y – 12 = 0 and x + y + 4 = 0
 combined equation: (x + y – 12) (x + y + 4) = 0
(x + y)2 – 8 (x + y) – 48 = 0. Ans.]
1
19. y = mx + is also tangent to ellipse
m
x2 y2
+ =1
8 2
1

m
= 8m 2  2
1
 m=±– .
2
1
20. Tangent to y2 = 4x is y = mx + ……(i)
m
x 2 y2
and tangent to  = 1 will be y = mx ± 4m 2  3 ……(ii)
4 3
 (i) and (ii) represent same line for common tangent
1
= 4m 2  3
m
 1 = 4m4 + 3m2  4m4 + 3m2 – 1 = 0
1 1
 (4m2 – 1) (m2 + 1) = 0  m2 =  m=±
4 2
 Common tangent will be :
1
y= x+2  x – 2y + 4 = 0
2
1
y= x–2  x + 2y + 4 = 0 Ans. ]
2
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a 2x2 y2
21. Answer is 2  1]
(a  3b 2 ) 2 4b 2
22. SS' = 2ae, where a and e are length of semi-major axis and eccentricity respectively.
 (9  3) 2  (12  4) 2  2ae
 ae = 5
 centre is mid-point of SS'
 centre  (6, 8)
Let the equation of auxiliary circle be (x – 6)2 + (y – 8)2 = a2
We know that the foot of the perpendicular from the focus on any tangent lies on the auxiliary
circle
 (1, – 4) lies on auxiliary circle
i.e. (1 – 6)2 + (–4 – 8)2 = a2  a = 13
 ae = 5  e = 5/13 Ans. ]
4 12 3 3
23. Here, a = 4 , b = 2 e2 = 1 – = = e = Ans. ]
16 16 4 2
x (20 cos ) y(10 sin )
24. (20, 20) lies on  =1
400 100
1  cos 
cos  + 2 sin  = 1 sin  =
2

tan = 2 Ans.]
2
5x 4y
25. Normal to ellipse at P is  9 .…(i)
cos  sin 
equation of normal to circle at Q is y = x tan  … (ii)
eliminating '' from (i) and (ii) we get x2 + y2 = 81 ]
26. We know that the product of the perpendiculars from the two foci of an ellipse upon any tangent
is equal to the square of the semi-minor axis. Thus
(S1F1) (S2F2) = 3. Ans.]
27. c = 2; a = 4
x2 y2
equation of the ellipse is ( 2  2  1)
a a  c2
x2 y2
 =1
16 16  4
x 2 y2
  =1
16 12
x2 9 x2 1
when y = 3 then  =1  =  x = 2 Ans. ]
16 12 16 4
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1  a  b  ab
28. =    = ab
2  cos    sin   sin 2
 min. = (4) (9) = 36 ]
29. Tangent on ellipse having slope 2 will be
y = 2x ± 4a 2  b 2
 It is normal to circle
 (–2, 0) is on it.
 0=–4± 4a 2  b 2  4a2 + b2 = 16
4a 2  b 2
 A.M.  G.M.   2ab  8  2ab  ab  4
2
 maximum value of ab = 4 Ans. ]
(3x  4 y  1) 2 ( 4  3 y  2) 2
30. +5 = 10
5 5
P12 P22
 = 1 (ellipse)
a 2 b2
a2 = 10
b2 = 2
Radius of auxiliary circle = 10
Hence, radius of director circle of auxiliary circle 'r' = 2 · 10 = 20
[r] = 4 Ans. ]
2 1 1
31. e12 = 1 – =  e1 =
3 3 3
1 3
As, e1e2 =  e2 =
2 2
3 b2
Now, =1–  b=2 ]
4 16
x 2 y2
32.  = 1 ; Here, m = –1 (Given)
16 9
y = mx ± 16m 2  9 (equation of tangent)

 y = –x ±5
x + y ±5 = 0
as two lines are parallel so that the circle will touch both hence distance between them is diameter
10
of circle i.e. .
2
10
 Diameter of director circle =  2 = 10 Ans.
2
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33. C : x2 + (y – 4)2 = 4 y
2 2
x y
E: 2
 2 =1
a b
a 2e 2  16 + 2 = 7 (0, 4)
 a2e2 = 9  ae = 3 1
and 2 – b = 1  b = 1
x
b2 = a2 (1 – e2)  1 = a2 – 9  a2 = 10 (–ae, 0)
x 2 y2
  =1
10 1
a2 – 2b2 = 10 – 2 = 8 Ans. ]
34. 2 be = 4, Centre (2, 5)
 Radius of auxiliary circle = (2  1) 2  (5  1)2 = 5

S2 (2,7)
2
 b=5  e=
5 S1 (2,3)
 Radius of director circle of auxiliary circle = 5 2 = R
e R 2 50 2
 =  = 5 Ans. ]
4 4 5
(0, 3)
(0,1)
(a,0)
(3, 0)
35.
Clearly for four points of intersection 0 < a < 3

 a = b2 – b – 3
 –3 < b2 – b – 3 < 3
(i) b2 – b – 6 < 0
 (b – 3) (b + 2) < 0  –2 < b < 3
(ii) b2 – b – 3 > –3  b  (– , 0)  (1, )
 b  (–2, 0)  (1, 3)
 [b] = –2, –1, 1, 2
 Required sum = 0 Ans. ]
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M AT H E M AT I CS

E S T IN F OR
M TI O
A NO. 19
HYPERBOLA
SINGLE CORRECT :
x  y2
1. The eccentricity of the hyperbola 2  2 = 1 whose length of conjugate axis is equal to half of
a b
the distance between the focus is
4 4 2
(1) (2) (3) (4) 3
3 3 3
2. Given the points A(0, 4) and B(0, –4) then the locus of the point P(x, y) such that |AP – BP| = 4,
is
x 2 y2 x 2 y2 x 2 y2 x 2 y2
(1)  1 (2)  1 (3)  1 (4)  =–1
4 12 12 4 4 12 12 4
3. If the distance of one of the focus of hyperbola from the two directrices of hyperbola are 5 and 3,
then its eccentricity is
(1) 2 (2) 2 (3) 4 (4) 8
1
x2  2
4. If f(x) =  dt , then the curve y = f (x) represent a
0
2t
(1) straight line (2) parabola (3) hyperbola (4) None of these
5. If latus rectum of a hyperbola subtends a right angle at its centre then its eccentricity is
3 1 5 1 3 5
(1) 2 (2) (3) (4)
2 2 2
6. Let e be the eccentricity of hyperbola and f(e) be the eccentricity of its conjugate hyperbola then
2
 f (e)  f f (e)  de is equal to

1
3
(1) 3 (2) 1 (3) (4) 2
2
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x2 y2
7. The equation  = 1, r > 1 represents
1 r 1 r
(1) An ellipse (2) A hyperbola (3) A circle (4) None of these
8. The equation represented parametrically by x = t2 + 2t – 2 and y = t2 + t – 1 is

(1) Line pair (2) parabola (3) ellipse (4) Hyperbola
9. If e1 and e2 are the eccentricities of the conic sections 16x2 + 9y2 = 144 and 9x2 – 16y2 = 144,
then
(1) e12  e 22 = 1 (2) e12  e 22 = 3 (3) e12  e 22 > 3 (4) e12  e 22 < 3
10. Let from the point P (, ), tangents are drawn to the parabola y2 = 4x, including the angle 45° to
each other. Then locus of P (, ) is
(1) a circle with centre (– 3, 0)
(2) an ellipse with centre (– 3, 0)
(3) a rectangular hypererbola with centre (3, 0)
(4) a rectangular hypererbola with centre (–3, 0)
11. If the chord of the hypererbola x2 – y2 = 9 touches the parabola y2 = 12x, then the locus of the
middle points of these chord is
(1) x3 = (x – 3)y2 (2) x3 = (x + 3) y2 (3) x (x2 – y2) = 3y (4) x3 = x – 3y2
ax if x  2
 8 if x  2
12. Let f (x) = 
 b( x 2  b 2 )
if x  2
x2
If f is continuous at x = 2 then the locus of the point of intersection of the pair of perpendicular
x2 y2
tangents to the hypererbola 2   1 , is
a b2
(1) x2 + y2 = 4 (2) x2 + y2 = 10 (3) x2 + y2 = 12 (4) x2 + y2 = 1
13. A common tangent to 9x2 – 16y2 = 144 and x2 + y2 = 9, is
3 15 2 15 3 3 15
(1) y = x (2) y = 3 x (3) y = 2 x  15 7 (4) y = x
7 7 7 7 7 7 7
14. For all real values of m, the straight line y = mx + 9 m 2  4 is a tangent to the curve :
(1) 9x2 + 4y2 = 36 (2) 4x2 + 9y2 = 36 (3) 9x2  4y2 = 36 (4) 4x2  9y2 = 36
15. The angle between pair of tangents drawn to the curve 7x2 – 12y2 = 84 from M(1, 2) is
1
(1) 2 tan– 1 (2) 2 tan– 12
2
 1 1 1
(3) 2 tan  tan 1  (4) 2 tan– 13
 3 2
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16. A common tangent to the conics x2 = 6y and 2x2 – 4y2 = 9, is
9 3
(1) x + y = 1 (2) x – y = 1 (3) x + y = (4) x – y =
2 2
17. The asymptotes of the hyperbola xy – 3x – 2y = 0 are
(1) x – 2 = 0 & y – 3 = 0 (2) x – 3 = 0 and y – 2 = 0
(3) x + 2 = 0 & y + 3 = 0 (4) x + 3 = 0 and y+ 2 = 0
18. A tangent to the hyperbola x2 – 2y2 = 4 meets x-axis at P and y-axis at Q. Line PR and QR are
drawn such that OPRQ is a rectangle (where O is origin). The locus of R is
4 2 4 2 2 4 2 4
(1) 2
 2 =1 (2) 2
 2 1 (3) 2
 2 1 (4) 2
 2 1
x y x y x y x y
e e'
19. A variable line having intercepts e and e' on co-ordinate axes, where , are eccentricities of
2 2
a hyperbola and its conjugate hyperbola , then the line touches the circle x2 + y2 = r2 whose
radius is
(1) 1 (2) 2 (3) 3 (4) cannot be found
20. The chord PQ of the rectangular hyperbola xy = a2 meets the axis of x at A ; C is the mid point
of PQ & 'O' is the origin. Then the  ACO is :
(1) equilateral (2) isosceles (3) right angled (4) right isosceles.
21. Latus rectum of the conic satisfying the differential equation, x dy + y dx = 0 and passing through
the point (2, 8) is :
(1) 4 2 (2) 8 (3) 8 2 (4) 16
x2 y2
22. Normals to the hypererbola  1 , at the point P() passes through (2a, 0), at Q()
a2 b2
passes through (0, – 2b) then
(1) –  < tan <  (2) – 1 < tan < 0 (3) 0 < tan < 1 (4) tan > 2
23. A parabola is drawn with its vertex at (0, –3), the axis of symmetry along the conjugate axis of the
x 2 y2
hyperbola  = 1, and passes through the two foci of the hyperbola. The coordinates of the
49 9
focus of the parabola are
 11    11   11    11 
(1)  0,  (2)  0,  (3)  0,  (4)  0, 
 6  6   12   12 
24. If two tangents can be drawn to the different branches (i.e. one to each branch) of the hyerpbola
2x2 – y2 = 1 from the point (, 2), then the range of  is

(1)  ,  2    2,   (2) (– , –1)  (1, )
(3) (–1, 1) 
(4)  2 , 2 
25. Normal drawn to the hyperbola xy = 1 at point A(t1), where it meets the hyperbola again at B(t2),
then
3 3 3 3
(1) t1 t 2 = 1 (2) t1 t 2 = –1 (3) t1 t 2 = 1 (4) t1 t 2 = –1
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Numerical Value
3
26. The least integral value of m for which the two curves |x| y =8 – m |x| and x2y = 1 have no
point in common is
x 2 y2 x 2 y2 1
27. If the foci of the ellipse  2  1 and the hyperbola   coincide, then the value of
16 b 144 81 25
b2 is
28. Let S1  x2 + y2 + 6x + 8 = 0 and S2  x2 + y2 – 4x = 0 are two circles. Locus of the centre of a

variable circle which touches externally S1 and S2, is a hyperbola whose eccentricity is
29. If the ellipse 4x2 + 9y2 = 36 and the hyperbola 2x2 – y2 = 4 intersects orthogonally then the value
of  can be
30. A tangent to the circle x2 + y2 = 4 intersects the hyperbola x2 – 2y2 = 2 at P and Q. If locus of
mid-point of PQ is (x2 – 2y2)2 = (x2 + 4y2), then equals
x 2 y2
31. Let S2 be the image of the curve S1 :  = 1 in the line mirror 3x – 2y = 0. If equation of the
4 1
a
transverse axis of the curve S2 is ax + 5y + c – 3 = 0 then find the value of   .
c
32. An ellipse and a hyperbola are confocal (having same focus). Length of major axis of ellipse is 8
and length of transverse axis of hyperbola is 4. If P is one of the points of intersection of ellipse
and hyperbola then find the product of focal radii of the point P on the ellipse.
x 2 y2
33. The tangent at point P on the hyperbola 2  2 = 1 passes through the point (0, –b) and the
a b
 
normal at point P passes through the point 2 2 a , 0 . If e denote the eccentricity of hyperbola
then find the value of e2.
34. A normal to the hyperbola x2 – 4y2 = 4 has equal intercepts on positive x and y axes.
x 2 3y 2
If this normal touches the ellipse 2  = 1, then find the length of minor axis of ellipse.
a 13
x2
35. From a point P, tangents are drawn to the curve – y2 = 1. If the chord of contact is a normal
2
8 1
chord, then the locus of P is the curve 2
 2 = , where  N. Find .
x y
ANSWER KEY
1. (3) 2. (4) 3. (2) 4. (2) 5. (3) 6. (3) 7. (4)
8. (2) 9. (4) 10. (4) 11. (1) 12. (1) 13. (2) 14. (4)
15. (3) 16. (4) 17. (1) 18. (2) 19. (2) 20. (2) 21. (3)
22. (2) 23. (1) 24. (1) 25. (2) 26. (4097) 27. (7) 28. (5)
29. (2) 30. (4) 31. (4) 32. (0012) 33. (0002) 34. (4) 35. (9)
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SOLUTION
1
1. 2b = ( 2ae)  4b2 = a2e2  4b2 = a2 + b2  3b2 = a2
2
b2 1 4
Hence e2 = 1 + 2 =1+ =
a 3 3
2
 e= Ans.]
3
2. Distance AB = 8
 Difference of distances of point P from A & B is constant & less than distance between fixed
points
 Locus of P is a hyperbola with foci A(0, 4) & B(0, –4)
 AB = 2be = 8
& |AP – BP| = length of transverse axis
= 2b = 4  b = 2
 e=2
 a2 = b2 (e2 – 1) = 4 (4 – 1) = 12
& centre of hyperbola = (0, 0)
x 2 y2
 Equation of hyperbola   = – 1.
12 4
a
3. ae – =3
e
a
ae + =5
e
a
ae = 4  =1
e
a2 = 4 ; a = 2; e = 2
1
x2  2
4. y = f (x) =  dt
0
2  t
 f(x) = ln 2 (x2 + 2) which is a parabola. ]
b2
5. Clearly, = ae
a
 a2 (e2 – 1) = a2e
 e2 – e – 1 = 0
y  b2 
 ae, 
 a 
b2/a
/4 ae x
(0, 0)O /4 S(ae, 0)
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1 5
 e= Ans.]
2
6. Let eccentricity of conjugate hyperbola be e'
1 1 1 1
 2
 2=1  2=1– 2
e e' e' e
e
 e' =
e2  1
e
 f (e) =
e2  1
e
f (e) e2  1
and f f (e)  = = =e
f 2 (e)  1 e2
1
e2  1
2
 e 
 Given integral =   2
 e  de

1  e 1 
2
 2 e2   1
=  e  1   = (1 + 1) –  0  
 2  2
1
3
= Ans. ]
2
7. As r > 1, 1 – r < 0 and 1 + r > 0
Let 1 – r = –a2, 1 + r = b2; then we get
x 2 y2 x 2 y2
  1    1
 a 2 b2 a 2 b2
Which is not possible for any values of 'x' and 'y'.]
8. t=x–y+1
x = (x – y + 1)2 + 2(x – y + 1) – 2
x2 + y2 – 2xy + 3x – 4y + 1 = 0
which is a parabola.
144 9 7
9. e12 = 1 –  =
16 144 16
44 9 25
e22 = 1 +  =
16 144 16
 e12 + e22 = 2 Ans. ]
10. Any tangent to y2 = 4x is

1 2
y = mx +  m – m + 1 = 0 (As, P(, ) lies on it)
m
m1 m2
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 1
Here (m1 + m2) = and m1 · m2 = .
 
m1  m 2
Now, tan 45° =
1  m1m 2
 (m1 + m2)2 – 4m1m2 = (1 + m1m2)2
2 2
 4  1
     1  
   
 2 – 4 = ( + 1)2  ( + 3)2 – 2 = 8
(x + 3)2 – y2 = 8, which is a rectangular hypererbola with centre (– 3, 0). Ans.]
11. Chord of the hypererbola x2 – y2 = a2 with middle point (h, k), is

hx – ky = h2 – k2
h k2  h 2
y = x .......(1)
k k
 h k 2  h2 
m  ; c  
 k k 
 
As (1) touches y2 = 4ax, condition of tangency gives
a k2  h2 ak
c=  =
m k h
 x (y2 – x2) = 3y2  x3 = y2(x – 3) Ans.]
12. For continuity, a = 8 ; b = 2.

 Director circle is x2 + y2 = 8 – 4 = 4  (1) is correct ]
13. Given curves are 9x2 – 16y2 = 144 and

x2 + y2 = 9.
Let the equation of common tangent be
y = mx + c.
Since, y = mx + c is a tangent to x2 + y2 = 9, so
c2 = 9 (1 + m2) ..........(1)
x 2 y2
Also, y = mx + c is a tangent to  =1
16 9
So, c2 = 16m2 – 9 .......(2)
 From (1) and (2), we get
16m2 – 9 = 9 + 9m2
18 2
 m2 =  m=±3
7 7
15
Also, c=±
7
2 15
Hence, y = 3 x+ is one of their common tangent. Ans.]
7 7
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14. (mx – y)2 = 9m2 – 4
m2x2 – 2mxy + y2 = 9m2 – 4
m2(x2 – 9) – 2mxy + y2 + 4 = 0
D = 0  4x2y2 = 4(x2 – 9) (y2 + 4)
x2y2 = x2 y2 + 4x2 – 9y2 – 36
4x2 – 9y2 = 36
x 2 y2
15. The director circle of given hypererbola   1 , is x2 + y2 = 5 and given point M (1, 2) lies
12 7
on it.

 The angle between pair of tangents = .
2
1 1 
As tan– 1 + tan– 1 = tan
an– 11 =
3 2 4
 1  1  
 2  tan 1   tan 1    =
 3  2  2
3 2
16. The equation of tangent of slope m to x2 = 6y, is y = mx – m
2
Now, using condition of tangency, we get
9 4 9 2 9
m = m –  m4 = 2m2 – 1
4 2 4
 m4 – 2m2 + 1 = 0  (m2 – 1)2 = 0  m = ±1
3
 For m = 1, we get equation of common tangent as x–y= . Ans. ]
2
17. Let the asymptotes be xy – 3x – 2y + c = 0
put  = 0  c = 6 & now factorise
x y y
18. sec  – tan  = 1
a b
 P(a cos , 0); Q(0, –b cot ) (a sec , b tan )
a (0,0) P
 h = a cos   sec  = x
h
b Q
k = –b cot   tan  =
k R(h,k)
a 2 b2 4 2
So, 2  2 = 1  2
 2 = 1 Ans. ]
x y x y
e e'
19. Since and are eccentricities of hyperbola and its conjugate hyperbola
2 2
4 4
hence, 2
 2  1 … (1)
e e'
x y
equation of the line is  1
e e'
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e'x + ey – ee' = 0
which touches the circle x2 + y2 = r2
ee'
Hence,  r  r2 = 4 or r = 2 {from (1)} ]
2 2
e  (e ' )
20. Chord with a given middle point

x y
 2
h k
obv. OCA is isosceles with OC = CA.]
dy dx
21.  0  ln xy = c
y x
 xy = c
passes through (2,8)  c = 16
xy =16 LR = 2a(e2 – 1) = 2a (e = 2)
solving with y = x
vertex is (4, 4)
distance from centre to vertex = 4 2
L.R. = length of TA = 8 2 Ans ]
ax by
22. Equation of normal to the hypererbola :   a 2  b2
sec  tan 
When normal at P() When normal at Q()
passes through (2a, 0) passes through (0, –2b)
2a 2 2b 2
 sec = 2 1 tan = – 2
a  b2 a  b2
 2a2  a2 + b2  a2  b2
2
b
 2 
b2 2b 2 a  2u 2
as 1 tan= – 2 = =
a2 a  b2 b
2
1 u2
1  
a
b2 b
 0< 2 1 where u =
a a
 0 < u2  1 ; 0 < 1+ u2  2
u2 1
 0< 2  2
1 u
2u 2
 0>– –1
1 u2
 – 1  tan < 0 ]
23. vertex = (0, –3)
axis of symmetry : y-axis
 x2 = 4a'(y + 3) ……(i)
Focus of hyperbola (– ae, 0), (ae, 0)
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9 58
e2 = 1 + =
49 49
ae = 58
 Point  
58 , 0 passing through parabola S1 S2
– 58, 0 58, 0
58 29
 a' = = (0, –3)
12 6
 29 
 Focus of parabola =  0,  3  
 6 
 11 
  0,  Ans.]
 6
24. The required points will lie on PQ and AB.
B x2 = y Q
A P
Asymptotes of hyperbola : y = ± 2 x
x2 = y = ± 2 x  x = ± 2 , 0
 
  ,  2    2,   Ans.
1
25. y=
x
dy 1
= 2
dx x
Equation of normal A(t1) and A(t2)
1 1

t 2 t1 2
= t1
t 2  t1
 t13 t 2 = –1 Ans.]
8
26. y= – 3 m , x2 y = 1
|x|
 8 3 
 x2   m  = 1
| x | 
3
m |x|2 – 8 |x| + 1 = 0
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 D < 0, 64 – 4 3 m < 0
( both roots negative is not possible)
3
m > 16
m > 212.
27. For a hyperbola
b2 81 225
e2 = 1 + 2 1 
a 144 144
15 5
 e= 
12 4
144
Also, a2 =
25
 12 5 
Hence, the foci are (± ae, 0)    , 
 5 4
 (± 3, 0)
Now, for an ellipse, ae = 3 or a2e2 = 9
Now, b2 = a2 (1 – e2)
 b2 = a2 – a2e2 = 16 – 9 = 7. Ans.
28. CC1 = r + 1 C1 C2
(–3,0) 1 (2, 0)
CC2 = r + 2 2
————— r r
CC2 – CC1 = 1
(h, k)
 2a = 1
 2ae = 5  e = 5.
29. Since the ellipse and hyperbola intersect orthogonally then they are confocal.
x 2 y2 x2 y2
For ellipse
9

4
 
 1 , the foci are  5 , 0 and for hyperbola
4

4
1,
y 2
P(x1,y1)
 2 
foci are   1 2 , 0 . x
  
4 4

 2
 

1  2  5  2  4  5
2 = 4 = 2. Ans.]

x 2 y2
30. Equation of chord of hyperbola   1 , whose mid-point is (h, k) is
2 1
hx h2 k2
– ky = – (using T = S1)
2 2 1
As, it is tangent to the circle x2 + y2 = 4, so
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h2
 k2 2
2  h2 2  h2 
  k   4  k 2 

h2 =2  
 k2  2   4 
4
 Locus of (h, k) is (x2 – 2y2)2 = 4(x2 + 4y2)
 = 4. Ans.]
31. Image of (h, 0) in the line mirror 3x – 2y = 0.

xh y0  3h  0 
= = –2  
3 2  13 
 18h  5h
x= +h= ……(1)
13 13
12 h
y= ……(2)
13
Eliminating 'h' from (1) and (2)
x 5
=  12x + 5y = 0
y 12
Compairing with ax + 5y + c – 3 = 0  a = 12, c = 3 ]
32. Let S1 and S2 be foci of ellipse as well as hyperbola.
Let PS1 = x, PS2 = y
 x+y=8 ......(i)
and xy =4 .......(ii)
 x = 6, y = 2 or x = 2, y = 6
 Product of focal radii = xy = 12. Ans.]
xx1 yy1
33. The equation of tangent at P(x, y) is  2 =1
a2 b
y1
It passes through (0, –b), so 0 + = 1  y1 = b
b
a 2x b2 y
Also, equation of normal at P(x1, y) is  = a 2e 2
x1 y1
It passes through 2 2 a , 0 , so 


a 2 2 2a  2 2a
= a 2 e 2  x1 =
x1 e2
 2 2a 
So, P  x1  , y1  b 

 e2 
x 2 y2 8a 2 b2
As P(x1, y1) lies on the hyperbola 2  = 1, so  =1
a b2 e4 a 2 b 2
8 4
 4 =2  e =4  e2 = 2 Ans.]
e
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x 2 y2 a
34. H:  1
4 1 P(2 sec , tan )
Normal at P (2 sec , tan ), is
2x y a
 =5
sec  tan 
5
Put y = 0  x= sec 
2
Put x = 0  y = 5 tan 
5
given x-intercet = y-intercept  sec  = 5 tan    = 30°
2
5
Hence equation of normal is y = – x + ......(1)
3
x 2 3y 2 25 13
Equation (1) touches the ellipse  =1   a2   a2 = 4
a 2 13 3 3
Hence length of minor axis = 2a = 4 Ans.]
hx
35. Let P(h, k), then equation of chord of contact is – ky = 1 ……(i)
2
and equation of normal to hyperbola is 2 x cos  + y cot  = 3 ……(ii)
Compare (i) and (ii), we get
2 2
cot  = –3k , sec  = , Now eliminate 
3h
8 1
we get 2
 2 =9
h k
  = 9. Ans.]
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M AT H E M AT I CS

E S T IN F OR
M TI O
A NO. 20
VECTOR

1. The set of values of 'm' for which the vectors a  m i  ( m  1) j  ( m  8) k ,
 
b  ( m  3) i  ( m  4) j  (m  5) k & c  ( m  6) i  (m  7) j  (m  8) k are non-coplanar is :
(1) R (2) R  {1} (3) R  {1, 2} (4) 
2. The vector AB  3î  4k̂ and AC  5î  2ˆj  4k̂ are the sides of a triangle ABC. The length of the
median through A is
(1) 288 (2) 72 (3) 33 (4) 18
  
3. a , b, c are three non-coplanar vectors. The position vectors of three point P, Q, R are
        
2a  b  3c , 4a  3b   c and a  4b  6c . P, Q, R are collinear if
5
(1)  =  = (2)  =  = 5 (3)  = 5,  = – 5 (4)  = 5,  = 4
2
4. PQRS is a parallelogram. The position vectors of P, Q, R and S in order are, respectively,

   
p  3k̂ , q  î  yˆj , r  5î  2 x ĵ  k̂ and s  yî  2k̂ The values of x and y are
(1) x = 0, y = 5 (2) x = 3, y = 6 (3) x = 2, y = 4 (4) x = 8, y = 4
5. In a 3D rectangular coordinate system with origin 'O', point A, B and C are on the x, y and z axes
respectively. If the area of the triangles OAB, OAC and OBC are 4, 6 and 12 respectively then the
area of the triangle ABC equals
(1) 14 (2) 16 (3) 18 (4) 22
6. Let G be centroid of ABC whose side length are a, b, c. If P is a point in the plane of ABC
a 2  b2  c 2
such that PA = 1, PB = 2, PC = 1 & PG = 1 then the value of is equal to
9
(1) 1 (2) 2 (3) 3 (4) 4

7. Let û and v̂ are unit vectors such that û · v̂ = 0 If r is any vector coplanar with û and v̂ then

magnitude of r  ( û  v̂) is equal to
 1 
(1) 0 (2) | r | (3) |r| (4) 1
2
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      
8. Let r  î  2 ĵ  3k̂ and n   î  ĵ  k̂ . Suppose r  a  b where a is perpendicular to n and
  
b is parallel to n . Then the value of a , is
4 2 2 2 2 2 1 8 7 1 9ˆ 8
(1) î  ˆj  k̂ (2) î  ˆj  k̂ (3) î  ĵ  k̂ (4) î  j  k̂
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
           
9. Four vectors a , b, c and x satisfy the relation (a · x ) b  c  x where b ·a  1 . The value of x in
  
terms of a , b and c is equal to
      
(a ·c )b  c(a ·b  1) c
(1)   (2)  
(a ·b  1) a ·b  1
       
2( a · c ) b  c 2( a · c ) c  c
(3)   (4)  
a ·b  1 a ·b  1
          
10. If three vectors a , b , c are such that a  0 and a  b  2 a  c , a  c = 1, b = 4 and the angle
  1   
between b & c is cos -1 then b  2 c   a where  ( > 0) is equal to
4
(1) 2 (2) 4 (3) 1/2 (4) 1/4
        
11. If three unit vectors a , b and c satisfy a  3 b  c  0 then angle between a and b is equal
to
  2 5
(1) (2) (3) (4)
2 6 3 6
  
12. If V1  î  a ĵ  k̂ ; V2  ĵ  a k̂ ; V3  a î  k̂ then the value of 'a' for which the volume of the
parallaelopiped formed by three vectors as coterminous edges is minimum , is
1 1 1
(1) (2) (3)  (4) 0
2 3 3
     
13. If a and b are two orthogonal vectors of equal magnitude such that 3a  4b  4a  3b  20 ,
  
then the value of (a  b)  a is equal to
(1) 16 (2) 8 (3) 4 (4) 2
        
14. Let a and b be two vectors of length 2 such that | a  b | = 5 . If c  a  2b  2 (a  b) then

| c |2 is equal to
(1) 14 (2) 42 (3) 32 (4) 27
         1   
15. Let a and c be unit vectors and | b | = 4, a  b = 2a  c  and a ^ c = cos–1   . If b  2c  a
 4
then possible value(s) of  is/are
(1) – 5 (2) 5 (3) 4 (4) – 4
        
16. 
The triple scalar product a  b  c , b  c  a , c  a  b is equal to : 
  
(1) 0 (2) a b c  (3) 2 a b c  (4) 4 a b c    
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   
   
1
17. Given a , b, c are vectors such that a b c =
. If the vector V can be expressed as linear
3
            
combination of b  c , c  a and a  b as V = x ( b  c) + y ( c  a ) + z (a  b) then
(x + y + z) has the value equal to
           
(1) V · ( a  b  c ) (2) 3V · ( a  b  c) (3) 2V · (a  b  c ) (4) None
  
18. If a  t î  3 ĵ  2t k̂ ; b  î  2 ˆj  2 k̂ and c  3î  t ˆj  k̂ then the value of the integral
  
2
 a . (b  c) dt equals
1
(1) 0 (2) 6 (3) – 2 (4) 4
          
19. Given | p | = 2 ; | q | = 3 and p · q = 0. If V = p  p  p  (p  q)  then the vector V is
      
(1) collinear with p (2) V  16p (3) V  48q (4) V  16q
   
20.            
If a , b , c , d are non zero vectors satisfying a  b  c  d  b  c  d  a  [ a c d ] b then
 
   
(1) no three out of a , b , c and d are coplanar
  
(2) b , c , d are coplanar
  
(3) a , b , d are coplanar
  
(4) a , b , c are coplanar
  
21. If the angle between â and b̂ is , b̂ and ĉ is and ĉ and â is , then the volume of
3 3 2
parallelopiped with coterminous edges â , b̂ , ĉ is equal to
1 3 1 3
(1) (2) (3) (4)
2 2 2 2
22. Let OABC be a tetrahedron (O being the origin). If position vectors of A, B and C are
î , î  ĵ and ˆj  k̂ respectively, then height of the tetrahedron (taking plane ABC as base), is
equal to
1 1 1
(1) (2) (3) (4) 2
2 2 2 2
  
23. If a = 2î  ˆj  k̂ , b = î  2ˆj  2k̂ , c = î  ˆj  2k̂
and (1 + ) î + (1 + ) ĵ + (1 + ) (1 + ) k̂ = a  b  c then , ,  are

  
2 2 2 –2
(1) – 2, – 4, – (2) 2, – 4, (3) – 2, 4 , (4) 2, 4,
3 3 3 3
      
24. Let a , b and c be three units vectors such that a  b  c . Let x be vector, then
        
a  (a  x )  b  ( b  x )  c  ( c  x ) equals
   
(1) x (2) – x (3) – 2 x (4) 2 x
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    
25. Let a and b be two non-colinear vectors and x be a vector in space such that a = 1; b = 3,
       
  
a ·x = 2, b · x = 9, a ·b = 0, x = 14 and  x a b  = 3. If 
 
x  pa  qb  r a  b then
(1) p + q – 3r = 2 (2) p + q + r = 5 (3) p + q + r = 3 (4) p + q + r = – 1
Numerical Value
   
26. If a and b are perpendicular vectors such that a = 2, b = 3, then
       
a  (a  b) b  (a  b) a  b is equal to 
       
27. a , b, c are unit vectors such that a  b = 2 c then 6 a  8 b is divisible by
      2 2        
28. Let ( p  q)  r  (q · r ) q  ( x  y )q  (14  4x  6 y)p and ( r · r ) p  r where p and q
are two non-zero non-collinear vectors and x and y are scalars. Find the value of (x + y).

29. If the vector v with magnitude 6 is along the internal bisector of the angle between
   
a  7î  4ˆj  4k̂ and b  2î  ˆj  2k̂ , then v · a equals
       
30. If A  î  3ˆj  4k̂ , B  6î  4ˆj  8k̂ , C  5î  2ˆj  5k̂ and a vector r satisfies r  B  C  B and

  | B|
r ·A  0 then the value of   is equal to
| r C|
31. The volume of the tetrahedron the p.v's of whose angular points are (5, 2, –3), (11, 2, 3), (5, 8, 3)
and (5, 2, 3) is
  2   2
 ab  ab

32. Let a and b be two unit vectors then the maximum value of   2   2 is equal to
ab  ab
33. Let p̂  a î  bĵ and q̂  c î  dˆj be two unit vectors, then the maximum value of
a 2  b2 ac  bd is
ac  bd c2  d 2
        
34. Let a and c be unit vectors and | b |  4 with a  b  2 a  c . The angle between a and c is
1   
cos–1 . If b  2c  a then |  | equals
4
 
35. If x & y are non-zero, non-collinear vectors satisfying

 f (1)  1  x   f (2)  2  y   f (3)  3  ( x  y )  0 , where f(x) is a cubic polynomial with leading
coefficient unity, then f(4) is equal to
ANSWER KEY
1. (1) 2. (3) 3. (2) 4. (3) 5. (1) 6. (1) 7. (2)
8. (3) 9. (1) 10. (2) 11. (4) 12. (2) 13. (2) 14. (4)
15. (4) 16. (4) 17. (2) 18. (1) 19. (4) 20. (4) 21. (3)
22. (2) 23. (1) 24. (3) 25. (1) 26. 36 27. 2 28. 5
29. 9 30. 2 31. 36 32. 1 33. 1 34. 3 35. 10
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SOLUTION
2. p.v. of M = 4, – 1, 4
now AM  4î  ĵ  4k̂
AM  33
3. P, Q, R are collinear if P divides QR in some ratio x : 1 comparing position vect ors.

x (4a  3b   c )  1 (a  4 b  6 c ) = ( x  1) (2a  b  3c )
since a , b, c are linearly independent vectors,
2 – 2x =  ; 1 – 2x = 4 ; 3 + (3 – )x = 6
3
solving, x = – which gives  =  = 5 ]
2
4. mid point of PR is 5/2, x , – 1

y 1 y
mid point of QS is , , 1
2 2
hence y + 1 = 5  y = 4 and x = y/2 = 2

hence x = 2 and y = 4 Ans. ]
5. ab = 8
bc = 12
ca = 24
———
1 2 2
Area = a b  b 2 c 2  c 2a 2
2
1
= 64  144  576 = 16  36  144 = 196 = 14 Ans.
2
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  
6. Let P be origin and position vectors of point A, B, C be  ,  ,  .
           
 |  +  +  |2 + |  –  |2 + |  –  |2 + |  –  |2 = 3(|  |2 + |  |2 + |  |2)
 9PG2 + AB2 + BC2 + CA2 = 3(PA2 + PB2 + PC2)
 9 × 1 + a2 + b2 + c2 = 3(1 + 4 + 1)
 a 2 + b 2 + c2 = 9 Ans.]
7.  û × v̂ is perpendicular to plane in which û & v̂ lies


 r is coplanar with û & v̂

 r is perpendicular to û × v̂
     
 r  (û  v̂) = | r | | ( û  v̂) | sin = | r | | û | | v̂ | · sin · 1 = | r | .
2 2
  
8. Let b   (  î  ĵ  k̂ ) ; a  b  î  2ˆj  3k̂

 a  (1   ) î  ( 2   )ˆj  (3   ) k̂
 
now a ·n = 0   = – 2/3  (3) ]
    
9. (a · x ) b  c  x ....(1)

taking dot with a
       
(a · x )( b ·a )  ( c ·a )  (a · x )
     
(a · x )( b ·a  1)  ( c ·a )
 
  (c ·a )
(a · x )    ....(2)
(b ·a  1)
substituting in (1)
 
 c ·a    
   b  c  x
 b ·a  1 
 
 
  c ·a   
 x      b  c

 b ·a  1 
     
(a ·c )b  c (a ·b  1)
=   Ans.]
(a ·b  1)
      
10. 
a  b = 2 a  c =a  b  2c = 0 
  
 b  2c =  a
        1
 ( b  2c) 2 ; But ( b  2c) 2 = b 2  4c 2  4b ·c = 16 + 4 – 4 – 4 · = 16
4
2 2
Hence  a = 16   = ± 4
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  
11.  a  3 b  c
 2 2
 a  3b  c
 
  
1 + 3 + 2 3 a· b = 1
  3 5
 a· b =  = cos   = Ans. ]
2 6
1 a 1
12. V = 0 1 a = 1 – a(– a2) + (– a) = a3 – a + 1
a 0 1
dV 1
= 3a2 – 1 = 0  a =
da 3
  2
3a  4b  92  162  25 
13.
  2 
4a  3b  162  92  25 

 
Let  = | a |  | b | (say)
given, 5 + 5 = 20 = 2
 
 | a |  | b | 
     
Now (a  b)  a = | a |2 b  0 = 4 b = 8. Ans.]
      1
14. | a  b |2 = 5  2 + 2 + 2 a · b = 5  a · b = .
2
2
  2 2 2
  2 1 15
| a  b | = a b – ( a · b) = 2 × 2 –   = .
2 4
  15  1
| c | 2 = 2 + 2(4) + 4   + 4   + 0 + 0 = 27.
4  2
   
15. a  b  2( a  c )
  

a  b  2c  0
     
a | | b  2c   a = b  2c

 a  2 c   b
 
2 + 4 + 4 a ·c = 16
2 +  – 12 = 0
( + 4) ( – 3) = 0   = – 4, 3 Ans.]
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     x
17. 
V ·a = x a b c =
3  ....(1)
     y
|||ly 
V ·b = y a b c =
3  ....(2)
     z
and 
V ·c = z a b c =
3  ....(3)
(1) + (2) + (3)

x  yz    
= V · (a  b  c )
3
   
x + y + z = 3V · (a  b  c ) Ans. ]
t  3 2t
   = 1  2 2 = t(2 – 2t) + 3
18. a b c 
3 t 1
(– 7) + 2t(t + 6) = 7(2t – 3)
  
2 2
 a . (b  c) dt = 7  (2t  3) dt = 7 t 2  3t  
2
1 = 7[(4 – 6) – (1 – 3)] = 0 Ans.]
1 1
  
19. p × p  q 
      
= p · q  p  (p ·p) q = – 4q
   
 V = – 4p  ( p  q )
     
=  4 (p · q ) p  (p · p) q 
 
= + (4) (4) q = 16 q Ans.]
20. a  b  V  u  d  a  [ a c d ] b

             
(a . V ) b  (b . V ) a  (u . a ) d  (u . d ) a  [ a c d ] b
         
[ a c d ] b [ b c d ]a  [ b c a ] d [ b c d ]a [ a c d ]b
    
[ b c a ]d  0  a , b , c are coplanar
1
21. Given â ·b̂ = b̂ ·ĉ =
and ĉ ·â = 0.
2
     
a ·a a ·b a ·c
    
As [a b c]2 = b ·a b ·b b ·c
     
c ·a c · b c ·c
1 12 0  1 1 1  1
= 2 1 1 2 = 1 1   –
1   0 + 0 =
0 12 1  4 2 2  2
   1
Hence volume of parallelopiped = [a b c] = (cubic units) ]
2
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22. The volume of tetrahedron
1 0 0
=
1
6
OA OB OC  =
1
6
1 1 0 =
1
6
0 1 1
1
Now area of base =
2
1
î  ˆj  î  ˆj  k̂  î  =
2
î  k̂
1 1
=
2
 2 =
2
3 Volume 3 2
Hence, height = =
Area of base 6
1
= units.]
2
        
23.   
a  b  c = (a . c) b – (a . b) c = 5 î  2 ĵ  2k̂ – 6 î  ĵ  2k̂  
(1 + ) î +  (1 + ) ˆj + (1 + ) (1 + ) k̂ =  î  4ˆj  2k̂
1 +  = – 1 or  = – 2,  (1 + ) = 4 or  = – 4
2
 (1 + ) (1 + ) = – 2 or  = – . ]
3
       
24. a  b  c  a b and c is perpendicular to both a and b
        
 
a  a  x   b  b  x  c  c  x 
          
 
= a · x  a  b · x b  c · x  c  3x = – 2 x ]

25.
 
Suppose x  pa  qb  r a  b   
   2
then a ·x = p a  p = 2
   2 1
b ·x = q b  q = 1, r =
3
 p + q – 3r = 2. ]
           
26. a  (a  b ) b  (a  b ) a  b = a b a  b   
     
= (a  b) ·(a  b) = a  b
2
= a2b2 – a ·b   2 = a b
2 2 = 36 ]
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     2  2  
27.  ab = 2c  ab = 2 c  a ·b = 0
  2  
6a  8b = 36 + 64 = 6 a  8 b = 10 . Ans. ]
          
28. (p · r ) q  (q · r ) p  (q · r ) q  ( x 2  y 2 ) q  (14  4 x  6 y)p
   
 p · r  q · r = x2 + y2 ...(1)
 
and  (q · r ) = 14 – 4x – 6y ...(2)
From (1) + (2)
 
p · r = x2 + y2 – 4x – 6y + 14 ...(3)
   
 (r ·r) p  r

Taking dot product with r , we get
       
( r · r ) (p · r )  r · r  p · r = 1
 from(3)
x2 + y2 – 4x – 6y + 14 = 1
 (x – 2)2 + (y – 3)2 = 0  x = 2 & y = 3
Hence (x + y) = 5. Ans.]
 
  a b 
29. v =     
|a | | b|
 
  
 7,  4,  4  2,  1, 2 
 v =     v=
9
î  7 ĵ  2k̂  
 9 3 
 3 6
| v| = 6 =  = 3
9
 
 v · a = 9. Ans.]
30.    
r  B  C B

Take cross with A
     
A  ( r  B) = A  (C  B)
     
 ( A ·B) r  ( A · r ) B
       
= ( A ·B)C  ( A ·C) B = 38r  38C  19B

| B|
   = 2 Ans.]
| r C|
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1
31. Volume =
6

AD, BD, CD  D
AD =  6 k̂ , BD = 6 î , CD = 6 ĵ
A C

1
V =  216 î ˆj k̂
6
 
= 36. Ans.] B
 
32. If angle between a and b is 2 then
  2
ab = 2 + 2 cos 2 = 4 cos2
  2
ab = 2 – 2 cos 2 = 4 sin2
  2   2
ab  ab 4(cos2   sin 2 )
  2   2 =
4
= cos 2
ab  ab
33. Given : p̂  a î  bĵ and q̂  c î  dˆj

 a2 + b2 = c2 + d2 = 1 and if angle between p̂ and q̂ be '' then cos  = p̂ ·q̂ = ac +
bd
a 2  b2 ac  bd 1 cos 
 ac  bd c2  d2 = cos  1 = (1 – cos2)max
max max
= (sin2)max = 1. Ans.]
 
      
c sin  cos
1 1 
34. a  b = 2 a  c   a b sin  = 2 a
 4

15 7 7
sin  =  cos a = or
8 8 8
  7 7
a ·b = or
2 2
          1 
a  (a  b ) = 2 a  (a  c )  b  2c =  a ·b  2  a
 
  1
l = a ·b  = 3 or – 4. ]
2
    
35.   f (1)  1  x   f ( 2)  2  y   f (3)  3  ( x  y)  0
 f(1) = 1, f(2) = 2 and f(3) = 3
 f(x) = (x – 1) (x – 2) (x – 3) + x
 f(4) = 3 · 2 · 1 + 4 = 10. ]
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M AT H E M AT I CS

E S T IN F OR
M TI O
A NO. 21
3-DIMENSIONAL GEOMETRY
1. Direction cosines of the line equally inclined with axes are -

1 1 1
(1) 1,1,1 (2) , ,
3 3 3
1 1 1 1 1 1
(3) , , (4) – ,– ,–
4 4 4 2 2 2
2. Which one of the following lines is parallel to the line

L : (x, y, z) = (1, 0, – 2) + t(–1, 3, 0), t  R
x 1 z  3 y
(1)  , y3 (2) 1 – x = =z+2
3 2 3
y y
(3) 1 – x = ,z=5 (4) x + 1 = ,z=2
3 3
x 2 y 3 z  4 x 1 y  4 z  5
3. The lines   and   are coplanar if
1 1 k k 2 1
(1) k = 1 or – 1 (2) k = 0 or – 3 (3) k = 3 or – 3 (4) k = 0 or – 1
4 The shortest distance between the skew lines,

 
r1 =  3 i  6 j    4 i  3 j  2 k and r2 =  2 i  7 k    4 i  j  k is :
   
(1) 9 (2) 6 (3) 3 (4) none

5. If acute angle between the line r = î  2 ĵ   ( 4î  3k̂ ) and xy plane is  and acute angle
between the planes x + 2y = 0 and 2x + y = 0 is  then (cos2 + sin2) equals
1 2 3
(1) 1 (2) (3) (4)
4 3 4
x 7 y 7 z 3 x 1 y  1 z  1
6. Consider two lines L1 :   and L2 :   .
3 2 1 2 4 3
If a line L whose direction ratios are 2, 2, 1  intersect the lines L1 and L2 at A and B then the
distance AB is
(1) 18 (2) 24 (3) 36 (4) 50
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x  2 y z 1
7. If the lines L1 : x – 2y + 4z = 0, 2x + y + z – 4 = 0 and L2 : = = are perpendicular,,
2 1 2a
then a is equal to
1 1
(1) (2) (3) 2 (4) –2
2 2
8. The shortest distance between the lines 2x + y + z – 1 = 0 = 3x + y + 2z – 2 and x = y = z, is

1 3 3
(1) (2) 2 (3) (4)
2 2 2
 
9. Let L1 : r  î  ĵ  2k̂  s( 2î  ĵ  4k̂ ) and L2 : r  2î  k̂  t ( 4î  3 ĵ  k̂ ) be two lines in R3, then
(1) L1 and L2 are intersecting lines at a unique point.
(2) L1 and L2 are parallel lines with no intersecting point.
(3) L1 and L2 are coincident lines.
(4) L1 and L2 are skew lines.
10. The equation of the line passing through M(1, 1, 1) and intersects at right angle to the line of
x 1 y 1 z 1
intersection of the planes x + 2y – 4z = 0 and 2x – y + 2z = 0 is = = , then
a b c
a : b : c equals
(1) 5 : – 1 : 2 (2) – 5 : 1 : 2 (3) 5 : – 1 : – 2 (4) 5 : 1 : 2

11. The point of intersection of the plane r ·(3î  5ˆj  2k̂ )  6 with the straight line passing through
the origin and perpendicular to the plane 2x – y – z = 4, is (x0, y0, z0). The value of
(2x0 – 3y0 + z0), is
(1) 0 (2) 2 (3) 3 (4) 4
12. Equation of the plane containing the lines


r  (1, 1, 0)  t (1,  1, 2)

r  ( 2, 0, 2)  s( 1, 1, 0)
is
(1) x + 3y + z = 4 (2) x + y – 2 = 0 (3) 5x – 3y – 4z = 2 (4) 3x – y – 2z = 2

13. A is a vector with direction cosines, cos  , cos  & cos  respectively. Assuming yz plane as a

mirror the direction cosines of the reflected image of A in the yz plane is :
(1) cos  , cos  , cos  (2) cos  ,  cos  , cos 
(3)  cos  , cos  , cos  (4)  cos  ,  cos  ,  cos 
14. The distance of the plane passing through the point P(1, 1, 1) and perpendicular to the
x 1 y  1 z 1
line   from the origin is
3 0 4
(1) 3/4 (2) 4/3 (3) 7/5 (4) 1
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15. The equation of plane on which foot of perpendicular from origin is (1, 2, 3) is
(1) x + 2y + 3z = 6 (2) x + 2y + 3z = 14
(3) x + 2y + 3z + 14 = 0 (4) None of these
16. The variable plane (2 + 1)x + (3 – )y + z = 4,  R always passes through the line
x y z x y z4 x y z4 x y z4
(1)   (2)   (3)   (4)  
1 2 3 1 2 7 0 0 1 1 2 7
x 1 y2 z 3 x 2 y 3 zk
17. Let the line L1 :   and L2 :   intersect at P..
2 3 4 1 2 4
The least distance of P from the plane 3x – 4y – 12z + 4 = 0, equals
(1) 3 (2) 5 (3) 7 (4) 9
18. The equation of plane passing through the point (–1, 3, 2) and perpendicular to each of the
planes
x + 2y + 3z = 5 and 3x + 3y + z = 0 is
(1) 7x – 8y + 3z + 25 = 0 (2) 7x + 8y + 3z – 25 = 0
(3) –7x + 8y – 3z + 5 = 0 (4) 7x – 8y – 3z + 5 = 0
x  2 y 1
19. The distance of the point (–1, –5, –10) from the point of intersection of the line = =
2 4
z2
and the plane x – y + z = 5 must be
12
(1) 10 (2) 11 (3) 12 (4) 13
20. The equation of plane which passes through the point of intersection of lines
 
 
r  î  2 ĵ  3k̂   (3î  ĵ  2k̂ ) and r  3î  ĵ  2k̂   î  2 ĵ  3k̂ where ,  R and has the
greatest distance from the origin is
 
 
(1) r · 7 î  2 ĵ  4k̂  54  
(2) r · 5î  4 ĵ  3k̂  57
 
(3) r ·3î  4ˆj  5k̂   49 (4) r ·4î  3ˆj  5k̂   50
21. A plane passes through (1, –2, 1) and is perpendicular to two planes 2x – 2y + z = 0 and
x – y + 2z = 4. The distance of the plane from the point (1, 2, 2) is
(1) 0 (2) 1 (3) 2 (4) 2 2
22. 
P 1, 7, 2  be a point and line L is 2 2 (x – 1) = y – 2, z = 0. If PQ is distance of plane
2 x + y – z = 1 from P measured along a line inclined at an angle of 45° with L and is minimum
then PQ is
(1) 2 (2) 3 (3) 4 (4) 5
23. Let P(a, b, c) be any point on the plane 3x + 2y + z = 7, then the least value of (a2 + b2 + c2),
is
7
(1) 7 (2) 14 (3) (4) 4
2
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1 t 
24. The distance between the line x= 2 + t, y = 1 + t, z = – and the plane r ·( î  2ˆj  6k̂ )  10 ,
2 2
is
1 1 1 9
(1) (2) (3) (4)
6 41 7 41
25. If distance between two non-intersecting planes P1 and P2 is 3 units, where P1 is 2x – 3y + 6z +

5 = 0 and P2 is 4x + by + cz + d = 0 and point A (–3, 0, –1) is lying between the planes P1 and P2
then the value of (b + c + d), is equal to
(1) 36 (2) 44 (3) 58 (4) 72
Numerical Value
       
26.  
Let a and b be two vectors such that a = 1 and a · b  ( a  b) = 8. If angle between a and
 
b is csc–1 2 , then magnitude of b equals
27. If the line 2x + y = 0 = x – y + z is parallel to the plane kx + y + z + 2 = 0 then the value of k is

equal to
28. If the equation of the plane passing through the point (– 1, 2, 0) and parallel to the lines
x y 1 z  2 x 1 y 1 z 1
  and   is ax + by + cz = 1, then the value of (a + b + c),
3 0 1 1 2 1
is
29. Equation of a line passing through the point (0, 1, 2) and is perpendicular to the line
x 1 y  1 z  0
L1 :   and also intersects L1 is L. If line L intersect the plane 2x + y + z = 6 at
1 1 2

the point (x0, y0, z0), then the value of x 20  y 20  z 02 , is
x 1 y  3 z  2 x2 y6 z2
30. Consider the lines L1 :   and L2 :   .
2 2 1 1 1 3
The distance of the point P  10 , 10 , 10  from the plane passing through origin and whose
normal is perpendicular to both the lines L1 and L2, is
       
31. If A  î  3ˆj  4k̂ , B  6î  4ˆj  8k̂ , C  5î  2ˆj  5k̂ and a vector r satisfies r  B  C  B and

  | B|
r ·A  0 then the value of   is equal to
| r C|
1  x 7 y  14 z  3 7  7x 5  y 6  z
32. If the lines   and   are orthogonal to each other,,
3 2p 2 3p 1 5
then the value of p is
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33. The distance of the point P(1, –2, 3) from the plane x – y + z = 5 measured parallel to the line
x y z
  is
2 3 6
34. The direction ratios of two lines L1 and L2 are < 4, – 1, 3 > and < 2, – 1, 2 > respectively. A vector
  
V is perpendicular to L1 and L2 both such that V = 15 . If V = x1î  x 2 ĵ  x 3k̂ , then find the
value of | x1 + x2 + x3 |.
x 1 y  3 z  4
35. Let image of the line   in the plane 2x – y + z + 3 = 0 be L.
3 5 2
A plane 7x + By + Cz + D = 0 is such that it contains the line L and perpendicular to the plane
2x – y + z + 3 = 0. Find the value of (B + 3C + D).
ANSWER KEY
1. (2) 2. (3) 3. (2) 4 (1) 5. (1) 6. (1) 7. (2)
8. (1) 9. (4) 10. (1) 11. (4) 12. (2) 13. (3) 14. (3)
15. (2) 16. (4) 17. (3) 18. (1) 19. (4) 20. (4) 21. (4)
22. (2) 23. (3) 24. (4) 25. (3) 26. 4 27. 5 28. 5
29. 9 30. 2 31. 2 32. 10 33. 1 34. 15 35. 4
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SOLUTION
1. cos 2  + cos 2 + cos 2
= 2 cos2  – 1 + 2 cos2  – 1 + 2 cos2  – 1
= 2 (cos2  + cos2  + cos2 ) – 3
= –1
x 1 y0 z2
2. L is = =
1 3 0
here L is along the vector  î  3ˆj
only in (3) the line is
x 1 y  0
 ; z5
1 3
which is | | to the vector  î  3ˆj ]
 22 4
5. We have sin  = , cos  = =
5 5 5 5
16 9
So, (cos2 + sin2) =  = 1. Ans.]
25 25
6. A  3 + 7, 2 + 7,  + 3
B = 2 + 1, 4 – 1, 3 – 1
B
3  2  6 2  4  8   3  4
 = =
v = (2, 2, 1)
2 2 1
  = 2 and  = 0 A
 A  (13, 11, 5), B = (1, –1, –1)
AB = 18 Ans. ]
î ˆj k̂
7. Direction ratio of line L1 is 1  2 4 =  6î  7ˆj  5k̂
2 1 1
1
 L1  L2  2(–6) + 7(1) + 2a · 5 = 0  a =
2
8. 
cos2 + cos2 + cos2 = 1
1 1
cos2 =  cos = ±
3 3
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9. Here L1 is parallel to 2î  ĵ  4k̂ and L2 is parallel to 4î  3ˆj  k̂  L1  L2 .
We have (Lines in parametric form) as
L1 : x = 1+ 2s, y = –1 + s, z = 2 + 4s and L1 : x = –2 + 4t, y = –3t, z = –1 + t
 The lines intersect if there are s and t for which
2s – 4t = –3 .....(1)
s + 3t = 1 .....(2)
4s – t = –3 .....(3)
Any solution of this system must coorespond to a point of intersection of L1 and L2 and if no
solution exists, then L1 and L2 are skew.
 From (1) and (2), we get
1 1
s= , t = , which does not satisfy (3)
2 2
 L1 and L2 are skew line. ]
10. Solving the equation of planes, we get equation of line containing planes
x y z
  ...........(1)
0  10 5
Any point P on (1) is (0, – 10, – 5).
Now, direction ratios of the line joining P and M is 1, 1  10, 1  5
As line MP is perpendicular to line (1), so
3  6 3
0 (1) – 10 (1 + 10) – 5 (1 + 5) = 0  =  P  0, , 
25  5 5 x + 2y – 4z
=0
)
0 , – 5
( 0, – 1 P
1 2 (0,0,0)
So, d.r's of MP are  1, ,
5 5 M(1,1,1) 2x
–y
+
2z
=
0
x 1 y 1 z 1
So, equation of required line is = = . Ans.]
5 1 2
11. Equation of line through O(0, 0, 0) and perpendicular to the plane 2x – y – z = 4, is

x 0 y0 z0
  = t (let)
2 1 1
 Any point on it is (2t, – t, – t)
As above point lies on the plane 3x – 5y + 2z = 6, so
2
 6t + 5t – 2t = 6  9t = 6  t = .
3
4 2 2
 Co-ordinates of point of intersection are  , ,   (x0, y0, z0) [Given]
3 3 3 
Hence, (2x0 – 3y0 + z0) = 4 Ans.]
12. Lines intersect at (2, 0, 2) P(x,y,z)
equation of the plane is
(1,1,0)
p  î  ĵ  2k̂
x2 y z2 A
B (2, 0, 2)
1 1 0 =0
1 1 2
q   î  ĵ  0k̂
 x + y – 2 = 0 Ans. ]
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14. Equation of the plane A (x – 1) + B (y – 1) + C (z – 1) = 0 ....(1)
Since the line is perpendicular to the plane (1)
 3 (x – 1) + 0(y – 1) + 4(z – 1) = 0
3x + 0y + 4z – 7 = 0
distance from (0, 0, 0)
7 7
d=   (3) ]
5 5
15. dr's of normal = <1, 2, 3> then equation

r  (î  2ˆj  3k̂)· î  2ˆj  3k̂  = 0   
 x î  yˆj  zk̂ · î  2ˆj  3k̂ = 1 + 4 +9
x + 2y + 32 = 14 Ans. ]
16. (x + 3y + z – 4) + (2x – y) = 0
î ĵ k̂
 dr of line is 1 3 1 = î  2ˆj  7 k̂ ]
2 1 0
17. Any point of L1 and L2 can be

(2 + 1, 3 + 2, 4 + 3) and (µ + 2, 2µ + 3, 4µ + k) respectively.
For point of intersection P
2 + 1 = µ + 2 ....(i)
3 + 2 = 2µ + 3 ....(ii)
4 + 3 = 4µ + k ....(iii)
Solving (i) and (ii) we have  = 1 and µ = 1.
 From (iii) k = 3
So, point of intersection P will be (3, 5,7)
Its least distance from given plane
3 ·3  4·5  12 ·7  4  91
= Perpendicular distance = = = 7 Ans.]
2 2
3  (4)  (12) 2 13

18. Normal to plane, n1 = î  2 ĵ  3k̂

Normal to plane, n 2 = 3î  3ˆj  k̂
î ˆj k̂
 
 n1  n 2 = 1 2 3 =  7 î  8 ĵ  3k̂
3 3 1
 Equation of required plane is

–7 (x + 1) + 8 (y – 3) – 3 (z – 2) = 0
 –7x + 8y – 3z – 25 = 0
 7x – 8y + 3z + 25 = 0 Ans. ]
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19. Any point on line can be taken as (2 + 2, 4 – 1, 12 + 2)
 point is on plane for point of intersection
 2 + 2 – (4 – 1) + (12 + 2) = 5   = 0
 point of intersection of line with plane will be (2, –1, 2)
 Distance = 32  42  122 = 13 Ans. ]
20.  Equation of plane is (0, 0, 0)

d=5 2
4(x – 4) + 3 (y – 3) + 5 (z– 5) = 0
M (4, 3, 5)

 r ·( 4 î  3 ĵ  5k̂ ) = 50 ]
21. Normal vector of required plane is
î ĵ k̂
  
2î  2 ĵ  k̂  î  ĵ  2k̂  2  2 1  î ( 4  1)  ˆj( 4  1)  k̂ ( 2  2)
1 1 2

n   3î  3 ĵ
 Equation of plane
1(x – 1) + 1(y + 2) = 0
x+y+1=0
 Distance from (1, 2, 2) is
3 1 4
d=  2 2 ]
2 2
22. Given line 'L' makes 45° with the given plane
2  7  2 1 6
Hence, PQ  = =3 ]
2 11 2
O(0,0,0)
23. Clearly minimum value of a2 + b2 + c2
2
 | (3(0)  2(0)  (0)  7 |  3x + 2y + z =7
  49 7
=  2 2 2  = = units. P (a, b, c)
 (3)  (2)  (1)  14 2
(This is possible when P(a, b, c) is foot of perpendicular from O(0, 0, 0) on the plane.)
Alternatively:
 
Let V1  3î  2 ĵ  k̂ and V2  aî  bˆj  ck̂
    49
Now V1 ·V2  3a  2b  c  7  V1 V2  7  14  a 2  b 2  c 2  (a2 + b2 + c2) 
14
7
Hence a2 + b2 + c2|least = Ans.]
2
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1
z
x  2 y 1 2 = t (let)
24. We have Line:  
1 1 1 2
Plane: x + 2y + 6z – 10 = 0
 1
Vector along the line, V  î  ˆj  k̂
2

Vector normal to the plane n = î  2ˆj  6k̂
  1
As V ·n = 1 + 2 – ·6=0
2
Hence line is parallel to the plane.
 1
Now distance from the point  2, 1,   to the plane x + 2y + 6z – 10 = 0 is,
 2
1
2  2  6    10
2 9
d= = Ans. ]
36  4  1 41
25. Since, both the planes are parallel

P1 : 4x – 6y + 12z + 10 = 0
P2 : 4x – 6y + 12z + d = 0 b = – 6, c = 12
d  10
Now, =3
2 4  9  36
| d – 10 | = 42  d = 52 or – 32
 P2 is 4x – 6y + 12z + 52 = 0
or 4x – 6y + 12z – 32 = 0
 Point (–3, 0, –1) is lying between planes P1 and P2
 On substituting the point in the equation of the planes both expressions must be of opposite
sign.
From P1 : 4 × (–3) – 6 × 0 + 12 (–1) + 10= –ve
From P2 : 4 × (–3) – 6 × 0 + 12 (–1) + 52 = +ve
 d must be 52
Hence, (b + c + d) = – 6 + 12 + 52 = 58 Ans.]
26. We have
      2   2  
a b 
ab = 8  a  b = 8  a
2
b sin2  = 8, where  = a  b
 2   
 (1)2 b sin 2 =8  As   csc
1
2 
4  4
 2 
 b = 16  b = 4. Ans.]
27. The line contained by the planes is along the vector ( 2î  ˆj)  ( î  ˆj  k̂ ) = î  2 ĵ  3k̂
Since it is parallel to the plane kx + y + z + 2 = 0, so
k (1) + 1 (–2) + 1 (–3) = 0  k = 5. Ans.]
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î ĵ k̂

28. Normal vector of the plane n = 3 0  1
1 2 1

n = 2î  2 ĵ  6k̂ = 2 ( î  ˆj  3k̂ )
 Equation of plane 1 (x + 1) + 1 (y – 2) + 3 (z – 0) = 0
P: x  y  3z  1
hence, (a + b + c) = 1 + 1 + 3 = 5. Ans.]
29. Equation of the line through (0, 1, 2)

x  0 y 1 z  2
  ....(1)
a b c
x 1 y  1 z  0
now given line is,   =t ....(2)
1 1 2

(2) is along the vector V  î  ĵ  2k̂ .
Since (1) is perpendicular to (2)
hence, a – b + 2c = 0 ....(3)
since (1) and (2) intersect; hence must be coplanar
1 0 2
hence 1 1 2 = 0
a b c
2a + 4b + c = 0 ....(4)
solving (3) and (4), a:b:c=–3:1:2
x y 1 z  2
required equation is   = t Ans. ]
3 1 2
î ĵ k̂
30. The normal vector of plane is parallel to vector = 2 2  1 = 5 î  7 ĵ  4 k̂
1 1 3
 Equation of plane is 5x – 7y – 4z = 0 ......(1)

So, distance of plane in equation (1) from P  10 , 10 , 10 
5  10   7 10   4 10  6 10
= = = 2. Ans.]
(5)2  (7) 2  (4) 3 10
31.    
r  B  C B

Take cross with A
     
A  ( r  B) = A  (C  B)
              
 ( A ·B) r  ( A · r ) B = ( A ·B)C  ( A ·C) B = 38r  38C  19B

| B|
   = 2 Ans.]
| r C|
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x 1 y  2 z 3  2p
32. The first lines is = = ; parallel to v1 =  3î  ĵ  2k̂
3 2p 7 2 7
( x  1) y 5 z 6  3p
Second line is = = ; parallel to v 2 =  î  ĵ  5k̂
 3p 7 1 5 7
  3p   2p 
Now, – 3 ·   +   · (– 1) + 2 (– 5) = 0
 7   7 
 7p = 70  p = 10. Ans.]
33. The equation of the line through the point (1, –2, 3) and parallel to the given line is
x 1 y  2 z  3
  
2 3 6
The general point on this line (2 + 1, 3 – 2, –6 + 3)
If this point lies in the given plane then
(2 + 1) – (3 – 2) + (–6 + 3) = 5
1
 =
7
 9  11 15 
Hence point of intersection is  , , 
7 7 7 
 9  11 15 
The required distance = distance between the points (1, –2, 3) and  , , 
7 7 7 
2 2 2
 9  11   15 
= 1      2     3   = 1. ]
 7  7  7
34. Vector perpendicular to AB and CD
î ĵ k̂
= 4  1 3 = î ( 2  3)  ˆj (8  6)  k̂ ( 4  2) = î  2 ĵ  2k̂
2 1 2

PQ =  î  2ˆj  2k̂ 
PQ = 15 2 (1 + 4 + 4) = (15)2
 = ± 5
 PQ = ± (5î  10 ĵ  10k̂ )
 | x1 + x2 + x3 | = 15. Ans.]
35. The equation of required plane is 7x + y – 13z + 42 = 0

 On comparing, we get
B = 1, C = – 13, D = 42
So, (B + 3C + D) = 1 + 3 (–13) + 42 = 4 ]
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MA TH EM ATI C S
DPP

EST I NF
ORM AT IO NO. 22
COMPLEX NUMBER
1
1. The conjugate of a complex number is . Then that complex number is
i 1
1 1 1 1
(1) (2) (3) (4)
i 1 i 1 i 1 i 1
2. Total number of complex numbers 'z', satisfying Re(z2) = 0, | z | = 3 , is equal to

(1) 2 (2) 4 (3) 6 (4) None of these
3. Let Z is complex satisfying the equation

z2 – (3 + i)z + m + 2i = 0, where m  R. Suppose the equation has a real root.
The additive inverse of non real root, is
(1) 1 – i (2) 1 + i (3) – 1 – i (4) –2
4. If  = –1 + i 3 and n is a positive integer which is not a multiple of 3, then 2n + 2n n + 22n =
(1) 1 (2) –1 (3) 0 (4) 2
5. The number of complex numbers z such that z  1  z  1  z  i equals

(1) 0 (2) 1 (3) 2 (4) 
107
ik
 2n 1 2m
 k1

6. The value of  i  is.

 m 1 
(1) i (2) – i (3) –1 (4) 1
7. If z1 = (3 – 4i) ei/4 and z2 = (4 + 3i) ei/6; then

(1) | z1 | > | z2 | (2)| z1 | < | z2 |
(3) | z1 | = | z2 | (4) | z1 | and | z2 | can't be compared.
8. If  and  are the roots of the equation x2 – x + 1 = 0, then 2009 + 2009 is equal to
(1) – 2 (2) – 1 (3) 1 (4) 2
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9. The complex number z having least positive argument which satisfy the condition |z – 25i |  15
is -
(1) 25i (2) 12 + 25i (3) 16 + 12i (4) 12 + 16i
10. If z 1, z 2 are complex numbers such that Re(z 1) = | z 1 – 2 |, Re(z 2 ) = |z 2 – 2 | and


arg (z1 – z2) = , then Im (z1 – z2) =
3
(1) 2 3 (2) 4 3 (3) 2 3 (4) 3
11. The continued product of all the four values of the complex number (1 + i)3/4 is
(1) 23 (1 + i) (2) 2(1 – i) (3) 2(1 + i) (4) 23 (1 – i)
 3  i 
12. Let z =   –   . Then the smallest positive integer n such that (z95 + i67)94 = zn is
  2
 2 
(1) 12 (2) 10 (3) 9 (4) 8

15
13. Let z = cos  + i sin . Then the value of  Im(z 2m1 ) at  = 2° is
m 1
1 1 1 1
(1) (2) (3) (4)
sin 2 3 sin 2 2 sin 2 4 sin 2
14. Let A and B denote the statements

A : cos  + cos  + cos  = 0
B : sin  + sin  + sin  = 0
3
If cos  + cos  + cos  =  , then :
2
(1) A is false and B is true (2) both A and B are true
(3) both A and B are false (4) A is true and B is false
1 z 
15. If z is a complex number of unit modulus and argument , then arg   equals
1 z 

(1)  (2)  (3)  –  (4) – 
2
16. If |z| = r. Area of the triangle whose vertices are z, z and z + z, where  is the non real cube
root of unity, is 4 3 sq. units, then the value of 'r' is
(1) 1 (2) 2 (3) 3 (4) 4
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17. Let   1 be a cube root of unity and E = 2(1 + ) (1 + 2) + 3(2 + 1) (2 + 1) (22 + 1)
+ 4(3 + 1) (32 + 1) …… + (n + 1)(n + 1) (n2 + 1) Then E is equal to
n 2 (n  1)2 n 2 (n  1)2 n 2 (n  1)2 n 2 (n  1)2
(1) (2) +n (3) –n (4) – (n + 1)
4 4 4 4
4
18. If Z  z = 2, then the maximum value of | Z | is equal to :
(1) 5 1 (2) 2 (3) 2 + 2 (4) 3 1
19. If (1) is a cube root of unity and (1 + )7 = A + B. Then (A, B) equals to
(1) (0, 1) (2) (1, 1) (3) (2, 0) (4) (–1, 1)
20. If z1 & z1 represent adjacent vertices of a regular polygon of n sides with centre at the origin
Im z1
and if  2  1 then the value of n is equal to
Re z1
(1) 8 (2) 12 (3) 16 (4) 24
21. If |z|  4, then the maximum value of |iz + 3 – 4i| is equal to

(1) 2 (2) 4 (3) 3 (4) 9
22. The minimum value of | z – 1 + 2i | + | 4i – 3 – z | is

(1) 5 (2) 5 (3) 2 13 (4) 15
23. A particle starts from a point z0 = 1 + i, where i =  1 . It moves horizontally away from origin by
2 units and then vertically away from origin by 3 units to reach a point z1. From z1 particle
1
moves 5 units in the direction of 2î  ĵ and then it moves through an angle of cos ec 2 in
anticlockwise direction of a circle with centre at origin to reach a point z2. The arg z2 is given by
1 

3 1
 1  1 
(1) sec–1 2 (2) cot–10 (3) sin  2 2  (4) cos  
   2 
24. Let z = x + iy be a complex number where x and y are integers. Then the area of the rectangle
whose vertices are the roots of the equation zz 3  zz 3  350 is
(1) 48 (2) 32 (3) 40 (4) 80
25. The remainder obtained when (i)2000010 is divided by 51 is.

(1) –1 (2) 1 (3) 50 (4) 49
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Numerical Value
26. If the complex numbers x and y satisfy x3 – y3 = 98i and x – y = 7i then xy = a + ib, where
a, b  R. The value of (a + b)/3 equals ...........
27. If x =  – 2 – 2, then the value of x4 + 3x3 + 2x2 – 11x – 6 is (where w is cube root of unity)..............
28. Let z = 9 + bi, where b is nonzero real and i2 = –1. If the imaginary part of z2 and z3 are equal, then
b/3 is .............
29. Modulus of nonzero complex number z satisfying z  z = 0 and | z |2 – 4zi = z2 is ............
30. If the expression (1 + ir)3 is of the form of s(1 + i) for some real s where r is also real and, then the
sum of all possible values of r is .................
16
31. If complex number z (z  2) satisfies the equation z2 = 4z + | z |2 + 3
, then the value of
z
| z |4 is .............
32. The complex number z satisfies z + | z | = 2 + 8i. The value of (| z | – 8) is .............
z 1
33. Let | z | = 2 and w = , where z, w  C (where C is the set of complex numbers). Then product
z 1
of least and greatest value of modulus of w is..................
4
 1  cos   i sin  
34. If   = cos n + i sin n, then n is.
 sin   i 1  cos   
35. If z is a complex number satisfying z4 + z3 + 2z2 + z + 1 = 0. Then | z | is equal to..................
ANSWER KEY
1. (2) 2. (2) 3. (3) 4. (3) 5. (2) 6. (3) 7. (3)
8. (3) 9. (4) 10. (2) 11. (2) 12. (2) 13. (4) 14. (2)
15. (2) 16. (4) 17. (2) 18. (1) 19. (2) 20. (1) 21. (4)
22. (3) 23. (2) 24. (1) 25. (1) 26. (7) 27. (1) 28. (5)
29. (2) 30. (3) 31. (4) 32. (9) 33. (1) 34. (4) 35. (1)
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SOLUTIONS
1
1. Let z =
i –1
 
 z 1  1  – 1
 i –1 – i –1 i 1
 
2. z = z + iy
 z2 = x2 – y2 + 2 ixy
 Re(z2) = x2 – y2, | z | = x 2  y2
 x2 – y2 = 0, x2 + y2 = 3
3 3
 x 2 = y2 =  x=± , y
2 2
3
=±
2
3. Let  be the real root

2 – (3 + i) + m + 2i = 0
(2 – 3 + m) + i(2 – ) = 0
=2 (real root)
 4–6+m=0m=2
Product of the roots = 2(1 + i) with one root as 2
non real root = 1 + i, addivitve inverse is – 1 – i Ans
  2 n    n 
4. We have 2n + 2nn + 22n = 22n       1
 2  2 
= 22n (2n + n + 1)
  1 i 3 3 

   and    1
 2 2 2 2 
= 22n (0) = 0 (Since 3 does not divide n)
5. We have, |z – 1| = |z + 1| = |z – i|
(0, 1)
(–1, 0) (1, 0)
O
|z + i|
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Clearly, z is the circumcentre of the triangle formed by the vertices (1, 0) and (0, 1) and (–1, 0),
which is unique.
Hence, the number of complex number z is one.
k 107
ik
 2n 1 
2m k1
6. 
  i 

 m 1 
 1   12   13  .....   1 2n 1  

i i2  i3 ......i107
=  
 i.e., 2n  1terms  
i 1i 1 1
=  1   1   1
 11
7. z1 = | 3 – 4 i| . |ei/4| = 5 and z2
= | 4 + 3i |. |ei/6 | = 5
 | z1 | = | z2 |
8. Since,  and  are roots of the equation x2 – x + 1 = 0.

  +  = 1,  = 1
1 3 i
 x=
2
1 3 i 1 3 i
 x= or
2 2
 x = – or –2
Thus,  = –2, then  = –
or  = –, then  = –2 (where 3 = 1)
Hence, 2009 + 2009 = (–)2009 + (–2)2009
= – 

 3 669
·2  3   1337
·

= –[2 + ] = –(–1) = 1 ]
9. The required complex number is point of contact P as shown in the figure. C(0, 25) is the centre
of the circle and radius is 15.
(0, 25)
15
P
Now |z| = OP = OC 2  PC 2
= 625  225 = 20
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amp (z) = =  XOP = OCP
PC 15 3
 cos  = =
OC 25 5
OP 20 4
and sin  = = =
OC 25 5
FG 3 4 IJ
 H K
z = 20 5  5 i = 12 + 16i.
10. Let z1 = x1 + iy1 and z2 = x2 + iy2. Then x12

= (x1 – 2)2 + y12 and x22 = (x2 – 2)2 + y22
Therefore
4x1 = y12 + 4 and 4x2 = y22 + 4
On subtraction we get
4(x1 – x2) = y12 – y22 = (y1 + y2) (y1 – y2)
4( x1  x 2 )
Hence y1 + y2 = y1  y 2 …(i)

Also arg(z1 – z2) = . Therefore
3
 y1  y 2
tan 
3 x1  x 2
y1  y 2
 3 …(ii)
x1  x 2
From (i) and (ii), we have
4
Im (z1 + z2) = y1 + y2 =
3
  
11. Let z=1+i= 2  cos  i sin 
 4 4
Thefore z3/4 = 23/8
  3    3
= cos 2k    i sin  2k   
  44  4  4
for k = 0, 1, 2, 3. The product of the values of this is equal to
   9 17  25  3   52 3  39
23/2 cis       = 23/2 cis  ·  = 23/2 cis
 4 4 4 4  4  4 4 4
 3   3 
= 23/2 cis  9   = 23/2 cis 10  
 4   4 
  
= 23/2 cos  i sin = 2 (1 – i)
 4 4 
12. From the hypothesis we have
3 i  1 i 3
z=  = i     = i
2 2  2 2 
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 1 i 3
where  =       which is a cube root of unity. Now z95 = (i)95 = –i2 (since 3 = 1)
 2   2 
and i67 = i3 = –i.
Therefore, z95 + i67 = –i(1 + 2) = (–i) (–)
= i
(z95 + i67)94 = (i)94 = i2 = –
Now – = zn = (i)n  in · n–1 = –1  n = 2, 6, 10, 14, …… and n –1 = 3, 6, 9, ……
Therefore n = 10 is the required least positive integer.
13. z = cos  + i sin  = ei;  = 2°

z2m – 1 = ei(2m – 1) = cos (2m – 1) + i sin (2m – 1)
15 15
S=  Im(z 2m1 ) =  sin( 2m  1)
m 1 m 1
S = sin  + sin 3 + sin 5 + ..... + sin 29
sin(15)
= ·sin(15)
sin 
(given  = 2°)
sin 2 30 1
= =
sin 2 4 sin 2
3
14. cos ( – ) + cos ( – ) + cos ( – ) = –
2
 2[cos ( – ) + cos ( – ) + cos ( – )] + 3 = 0
 2[cos ( – ) + cos ( – ) + cos ( + )] + sin2 + cos2 + sin2  + cos2 + sin2  + cos2
=0
 (sin  + sin  + sin )2 + (cos  + cos  + cos )2 = 0
15. | z | = 1  | z |2 = 1  z z = 1
 
 1  z   1  z 
arg   = arg   = arg (z) = .]
1 z   1  1 
 z
16. Triangle formed by the points A(z), B(z) and C(z + z) is clearly isoscales with angle between
2
the equal sides being .
3
1 2 3
ABC = r = 4 3
2 2
 r = 4 units
17. We have (k + 1) (k + 1) (k2 + 1)

= (k + 1) (k2 – k + 1) = k3 + 1
n n
3 n 2 (n  1)2
Therefore E =  ( k  1) =  k3  n =
4
+n
k 1 k 1
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 4 4 4 4 4
18. | z |  z –    | z | z –   | z | 2 
 z z z |z| |z|
 |z|2 – 2 |z| – 4  0
 
 | z | ( 5  1) | z | (1  5 )  0 
1– 5  |z|  5+1
19. (1 + )7 = A + B, we know 1 +  + 2 = 0

 1 +  = –2
 (–2)7 = A + B  –14 = A + B {14 = 12 · 2 = 2}
 –2 = A + B  1 +  = A + B, on comparing A = 1, B = 1
y  
20. = tan = 2  1 = tan
x 2 8
 
= =  = 45º
2 8
360
 n = = 8
45
y
if = 2 3  n = 12
x
21. | iz + 3 – 4i|  |iz| + |3 – 4i| = |z| + 5  9
22. The expression is the sum of the distance of z from the two points 1 – 2i and – 3 + 4i. The
minimum value is the distance between these two points = 4 2  6 2 = 2 13 Ans.
23. Clearly z1 = 3 + 4i
After moving by 5 distance in direction of 2î  ĵ , particle will

reach at point 5î  5 ĵ 
Im(z)
(5, 5)
z2 5
(0, 5 2 ) 1
z1 2
(3, 4)
(1, 1) 3
z0 2
Re(z)
O
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
If particle moves by an angle then it will reach at y-axis
4
At z2 = 0  5 2 i

Hence amp(z2) = = cot–10
2
24. zz ( z 2  z 2 )  350
put z = x + iy
(–4, 3) (4, 3)
(–4, –3) (4, –3)

(x2 + y2)(x2 – y2 )
= 175 = 25 · 7
= 35 · 5
x2 + y2 = 25 x2 + y2 = 35
x2 – y 2 = 7 x2 – y 2 = 5
rejected ( x and y are integer)
x2 = 16  x=±4
 x=4 ; y=3
x=–4; y=–3
x=4 ; y=–3
x=–4; y=3
 area of rectamgle = 6 × 8 = 48
25. (i)2000010 = i2000008. i2 = 1 (–1) = –1

 When (i)2000010 is divided by 51, then
remainder is 50 (as – 51 + 50 = –1)
26. We have
x3 – y3 = 98i
or (x – y)3 + 3xy (x – y) = 98i
or –343i + 3(a + ib) (7i) = 98i
or –343 + 3 (a + bi) 7 = 98
or a + ib = 21
 a = 21 and b = 0
 a + b = 21
27. We have x =  – 2 – 2 or x + 2 =  – 2
Squaring, x2 + 4x + 4 = 2 + 4 – 23 = 2 +  – 2 = –3
 x2 + 4x + 7 = 0.
Dividing x4 + 3x3 + 2x – 11x – 6 by x2 + 4x + 7, we get
x4 + 3x3 + 2x2 – 11x – 6 = (x2 + 4x + 7) (x2 – x – 1) + 1
= (0) (x2 – x – 1) + 1 = 0 + 1 = 1
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28. z2 = 81 – b2 + 18bi
z3 = 729 + 243 bi – 27 b2 – b3 i
z2 = z3  243 b – b3 = 18 b and 243 – b2
= 18  b = 15
29. zz 0
 z  z (1)
2 2
Now | z | – 4 zi = z
 –z2 – 4zi = z2 [from (1)]
 2z = – 4i
 z = – 2i  |z|=2
30. (1 + ri)3 = s(1 + i)

 1 + 3ri + 3r2 i2 + r3 i3 = s (1 + i)
 1 – 3r2 + i (3r – r3) = s + si
 1 – 3r2 = s = 3r – r3
Hence, 1 – 3r2 = 3r – r3
 r3 – 3r2 – 3r + 1 = 0
Thus, sum of three roots is 3.
16
31. We have | z |2 + 3
 z 2  4z  z 2  4z
z
  z  z  z  z  4   0
 z  z  x  x  2
16
So, x2 = 4x + x2 + 3
x
4
 x 3
x
 x 2
 z 2
 | z |4 = 4
32. Let z = a + bi.
 | z |2 = a2 + b2.
Now z + | z | = 2 + 8i
 a  bi  a 2  b 2  2  8i
 a  a 2  b 2  2, b  8
 a  a 2  64  2
 a2 + 64 = (2 – a)2 + a2 – 4a + 4,
 4a = –60, a = – 15
Thus, a2 + b2 = 225 + 64 = 289
 | z | = a 2  b2  289  17
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33. Let z = a + ib
Given | z | = 2  a2 + b2 = 4  a, b  [ –2, 2 ]
Now w =
 a  1  ib
 a  1  ib
 a  12  b2
 |w|=
 a  12  b 2
a 2  b 2  2a  1 5  2a
= 2 2

a  b  2a  1 5  2a
5 4
w max   3 (when a = 2)
1
54 1
w max   (when a = –2)
9 3
Hence required product is 1.
4
 1  cos   i sin  
34. =  
 sin   i 1  cos   
4
 1  cos   i sin  
4
= i  2

 i sin   i 1  cos   
4
 2   
 2 cos 2  i2 sin 2 cos 2 
=  
 2 cos 2   i2sin  cos  
 2 2 2 
4
  
 cos 2  i sin 2 
=  
 cos   i sin  
 2 2 
2 4
   
=  cos  i sin  
 2 2  
 
= cos 8  i sin 8 = cos 4 + i sin 4
2 2
n=4
35. z4 + z 3 + z 2 + z 2 + z + 1 = 0
or (z2 (z2 + z + 1) + (z2 + z + 1) = 0
or (z2 + z + 1) (z2 + 1) = 0
 z = i, – i, , 2. For each, | z | = 1
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M AT H E M AT I CS

E S T IN F OR
M TI O
A NO. 24
PERMUTATION & COMBINATION
1. The number of different words of three letters which can be formed from the word "PROPOSAL",
if a vowel is always in the middle are
(1) 52 (2) 53 (3) 63 (4) 54
2. At an election a voter may vote for any number of candidates not exceeding half the number of
candidates standing for election . If the number of candidates contesting is eight , the number of
ways in which a voter may vote assuming he votes atleast one, is :
(1) 161 (2) 162 (3) 163 (4) 164
3. The number of ways in which 5 different prizes be given among 11 candidates, each candidate
receiving any number of prizes are :
(1) 115 (2) 511 (3) 11C5 (4) 11P5
4. How many four digit PIN numbers can be made using only the digits 2, 3 and 4 and using each of
these digits at least once in each PIN number?
(1) 24 (2) 36 (3) 48 (4) 72
5. If all the letters of the word "NIDHI" are arranged in alphabetical order then the rank of the word
NIDHI, is
(1) 43 (2) 54 (3) 55 (4) 56
6. Total number of 5 digit numbers having all different digits and divisible by 4 that can be formed
using the digits {1, 3, 2, 6, 8, 9}, is equal to
(1) 192 (2) 32 (3) 1152 (4) 384
7. Number of 7 digit telephone numbers that can be created if the first three digits must be 426, 427
or 428 and the right most digit is divisible by 3, is k thousand then k is equal to
(1) 12 (2) 9 (3) 6 (4) 3
8. P is the product of all the prime numbers between 1 to 100. Then the number of Zeroes at the
end of P are:
(1) 1 (2) 24 (3) 0 (4) none of these
9. The number of ways in which 13 alike apples can be distributed among 7 boys, each receiving at
least one is :
(1) 20C7 (2) 12C6 (3) 13C6 (4) none
10. Consider 8 vertices of a regular octagon and its centre. If T denotes the number of triangles and
S denotes the number of straight lines that can be formed with these 9 points then T – S has the
value equal to
(1) 56 (2) 52 (3) 48 (4) 44
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11. Number of ways in which 5 boys and 5 girls can be seated alternatively on a round table if a
particular boys and a particular girl are never adjacent to each other in any arrangement, is
(1) 288 (2) 552 (3) 1584 (4) 1728
12. There are 3 men and 7 women taking a dance class. Number of different ways in which each
man be paired with a woman partner, and the four remaining women be paired into two pairs
each of two, is
(1) 105 (2) 315 (3) 630 (4) 450
13. 10 different letters of an alphabet are given . Words with 5 letters are formed from these given
letters . Then the number of words which have atleast one letter repeated is :
(1) 69760 (2) 30240 (3) 99748 (4) none
14. A convex polygon has 44 diagonals. The polygon is

(1) nonagon (2) decagon (3) undecagon (4) Dodecagon
132!
15. Number of zeros at the end of the number N = 104 19 is
2 5
(1) 6 (2) 13 (3) 26 (4) 47
16. A class has three teachers, Mr. P, Ms. Q and Mrs. R and six students A,B,C,D,E,F. Number of
ways in which they can be seated in a line of 9 chairs, if between any two teachers there are
exactly two students, is k(6!) then the value of k is
(1) 18 (2) 12 (3) 24 (4) 6
17. A train time-table must be compiled for various days of the week so that two trains a day depart
for three days , one train a day for two days and three trains a day for two days . How many
different time-tables can be compiled ?
(1) 140 (2) 210 (3) 133 (4) 72
18. What is the greatest power of 5 which can divide 80! exactly.
(1) 16 (2) 20 (3) 19 (4) none of these
19. From 6 boys and 7 girls a committee of 5 is to be formed so as to include atleast one girl. The
number of ways this can be done is
(1) 13C4 (2) 6C4 . 7C1 (3) 7 . 6C4 (4) none
20. The number of ways in which the number 94864 can be resolved as a product of two factors is
(1) 30 (2) 23 (3) 45 (D ) 46
21. The number of ways in which 4 boys and 4 girls can stand in a circle so that each boy and each
girl is one after the other is :
(1) 3 ! · 4 ! (2) 4 ! · 4 ! (3) 8 ! (4) 7 !
22. The number of ways in which 10 apples, 5 oranges and 5 mangoes can be distributed among
three persons, each receiving none, one or more is :
(assume fruits of the same species to be identical)
(1) 12C2 . 7C2 . 7C2 (2) 13C3 . 8C3 . 7C3
(22) !
(3) (4) none
10 ! 5 ! 5 ! 2 !
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23. A class is composed of 2 brothers and 6 other boys . In how many ways can all the boys be
seated at a round table so that the 2 brothers are not seated besides each other is :
(1) 720 (2) 1440 (3) 3600 (4) 4320
24. Rajdhani express going from Bombay to Delhi stops at 5 intermediate stations . 10 passengers
enter the train during the journey with ten different ticket of two classes . The number of different
sets of tickets they may have had is :
(1) 15C10 (2) 20C10 (3) 30C10 (4) none
25. Number of ways of selecting 5 coins from coins three each of Rs. 1, Rs. 2 and Rs. 5 if coins of
the same denomination are alike, is :
(1) 9 (2) 12 (3) 21 (4) none
Numerical Value
26. 10 different toys are to be distributed among 10 children. If the total number of ways of distributing
all these toys so that exactly two children do not get any toy, is k(10!), then the value of k is
27. Number of zeroes at the end of , is
28. Let Tn denote the number of triangles which can be formed using the vertices of a regular polygon
of' n ' sides. If Tn + 1  Tn = 21 , then ' n ' equals
29. The number of triangles whose vertices are at the vertices of an octagon but sides are not the
sides of the octagon.
30. The total number of combinations 6 at a time which can be formed from 6 alike white, 6 alike blue,
6 alike green and 6 alike red balls is
31. Number of ways in which a selection of 100 balls, can be made out of 100 Red, 100 Blue and
100 White balls if balls of the same colour are alike, is
32. In a league of 8 teams, each team played every other team 10 times. The number of wins of the
8 teams formed an arithmetic sequence. Find the least possible number of games won by the
champion.
33. Consider a 7 digit telephone number 336 - 7624 which has the property that the first three digit
prefix, 336 equals the product of the last four digits. How many seven digit phone numbers
beginning with 336 have this property, other than 336 - 7624
34. Let N denotes the number of odd integers between 550 and 800 using the digits 4, 5, 6,7, 8 and
9. Find the sum of the digits in N.
35. In how many ways can clean & clouded (overcast) days occur in a week assuming that
an entire day is either clean or clouded.
36. If the number of ways in which the letters of the word 'TEACHER' can be placed in the squares
of the given figure so that no row remains empty is (k)7!, then find the value of k.
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37. Let X = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10} and A = {1, 2, 3, 4}. If N be the number of 4 element subsets
Y of X such that 10  Y and the intersection of Y and A is not empty, then find the value of
( N  4)
.
10
38. Find the rank of the word '' T A N Y A ''.
39. If the letters of the word "SOMYA" are arranged alphabetically in all possible manner, then find the
number of words that appear before the word "SOMYA".
40. If n1 and n2 are the two values of n for which the coefficients nC4, nC5 and nC6 are in A.P. Find the
value of (n1 + n2).
ANSWER KEY
1. (2) 2. (2) 3. (1) 4. (2) 5. (3) 6. (1) 7. (1)
8. (1) 9. (2) 10. (2) 11. (4) 12. (3) 13. (1) 14. (3)
15. (2) 16. (1) 17. (2) 18. (3) 19. (4) 20. (2) 21. (1)
22. (1) 23. (3) 24. (3) 25. (2) 26. (375) 27. (121) 28. (7)
29. (16) 30. (84) 31. (3) 32. 42 33. 83 12. (3) 13. (1)
14. (3) 15. (2) 16. (1) 17. (2) 18. (3) 19. (4) 20. (2)
21. (1) 22. (1) 23. (3) 24. (3) 25. (2) 26. (375) 27. (121)
28. (7) 29. (16) 30. (84) 31. (3) 32. 42 33. 83 34. 0006
35. 128 36. 0038 37. 0007 38. 0040 39. 0087 40. 21
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SOLUTION
1. P 's = 2 ; O 's = 2 ; A, S, L, R . Now when A is in the middle

(both like  2 ways) + both different
 5C2 . 2 ! = 20 ; when O is in the middle
( both alike  1 way) + both different  6C2 . 2 ! = 30
2. 8C + 8C2 + 8C3 + 8C4 = 162 ]

1
3. First prize can be given away in 11 ways and so on  Ans. : 115 ]

4!
4. 2 2 3 4 or 2 3 3 4 or 2 3 4 4  3 · = 36
2!
5. NIDHI
DHIIN
D 12
H 12
I 24
N D 3
N H 3
NIDHI 55th ]
6. A number is divisible by four, if the last two digit are divisible by four. In this case last two digits can
be 12, 16, 28, 32, 36, 68, 92 or 96.
Total number of such numbers = 8 (4C3 · 3!) = 192
7. (3) (103) (4)

xxx xxx x
  
3 ways each place filled in
in 10 ways 4 ways
( 0 , 3, 6, 9 )
 (12) 103
 k = 12. Ans.]
8. The product of prime numbers contains only 5 and one 2 hence we have only one zero.
9. 12 C ]
6
10. ( 9C3 – 4 ) – 8C2 = 52
11. B1 | G1 always separated.
5 boys can be seated in 4! now for G1 can not sit between B1 and B2 or B1 and B5 and therefore
can set only in 3 ways and the remaining 4 girls in 4! ways.
Total ways (4!)(3)(4!) = 576 × 3 = 1728
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12. 10 3 women can be selected in 7C3 ways and can be paired with 3 men in 3! ways.
4!
Remaining 4 women can be grouped into two couples in =3
2!·2!·2!
 total = 7C3 · 3! · 3 = 630 Ans. ]
13. Total  number of words with all different letters = 105  10P5 = 69760 ]
14. If number of sides is n, then

total number of diagonals of a convex polygon = nC2 – n = 44 (given)
 n(n – 1) – 2n = 88
 n2 – 3n – 88 = 0
 (n – 11)(n + 8) = 0
 n = 11
15. In 132!, we have

number of 2's = 130
number of 5's = 32
2130 ·532
  Number of 5's = 13
2104 ·519
16. (i) TSSTSSTSS

(ii) STSSTSSTS
(iii) SSTSSTSST
Hence 3 · (3!)6! = (18)6!
 k = 18
17. The number of trains a day (the digits 1, 2, 3) are three groups of like elements from which a
sample must be formed . In the time-table for a week the number 1 is repeated twice, the number
2 is repeated 3 times and the number 3 is repeated twice. The number of different time-tables is
equal to :
7!
p (2, 3, 2) = = 210
2! 3! 2!
18. All the 16 multiplies of 5 from 1 to 80 will have a factor of 5, 25, 50 and 75 will have a second factor
of 5. So the factor 5 occurs 16 + 3 = 19 times in 80! , and 19 is the greatest power of 5 that can
divide 80! exactly ]
6B
13C – 6C ; /
19. 13
5 5 \ 7G ]
20. 94864 = 24 . 72 . 112 ]
21. 1 B 2 B 3 B 4 B 5, 4! × (123 or 234 or 345)

= 4! · 3!. ]
22. Answer is 12C . 7C2 . 7C2]

2
23. 7! – 6! . 2! = 6! . 5 = 720 × 5 = 3600
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24. no. of different tickets of two classes
= 6C2 · 2 = 30
hence no. of different sets of tickets = 30C10
25. 3 A + 2 O. A. = 3 . 2 = 6 ; 3 A + 2 diff = 3 ;
2 A + 2 O. A. + 1 D = 3  16 ]
10!
26. Case-I: ;
7! 3!2!
10!
Case-II: 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 ;
6!2!2!2!2!
 10! 10! 
Hence total = 10!  
 7! 3!2! 6!2!2!2!2! 
= 10!60  315 = 375 · 10!
 k = 375
27. Number of zeroes at the end of (495)! = 99 + 19 + 3 = 121
28. Tn = nC3
Tn + 1 = n + 1C3
 n + 1C – nC = 21  nC + nC2 – nC3 = 21
3 3 3
nC = 21
2
 n = 7 Ans. [ 7C = 21] ]
2
29. 8C – [when all 3 consecutive + when exactly 2 are consecutive]

3
= 8C3 – [8 +8 × 4] 7
8
1
= 56 – 40 = 16 ] 6 2
5 3
4
30. Treat W, B, G, R as beggar 0 0 0 0 0 0 Ø Ø Ø = 9C3 = 84
or co-eff. of x6 in (1 + x + x2 + x3 + x4 + x5 + x6)4 ]
31. 102C = 5151  use beggar  100 apples  3 beggars ]
2
32. 8 Teams T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8

T1 Plays 70 games  (with 7 others)
T2 Plays 60 games  (with 6 other & so on)
T3 Plays 50 games 
T4 Plays 40 games  Total = 280
T5 Plays 30 games  alternative 8C2 · 10 = 280

T6 Plays 20 games 
T7 Plays 10 games 
Total 280
Let the champion wins n games.
and the common difference of the successive wins is k, then
n + (n – k) + (n – 2k) + ....... (n – 7k) = 8n – 28k
Hence 8n – 28k = 280
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2n – 7k = 70  k is even
smallest even k = 2.
Hence least value of n is
2n = 70 +14 =84
n = 42 Ans.
33. 7 · 6 · 2 · 4 = 42 · 8 = 336
consider the prime factorisation of 336
336 = 24 · 3 · 7 (four 2's, one 3 and one 7)
now a 7 digit telephone of the form
336d1d2d3d4 such that d1d2d3d4 = 336 where di's  {1, 2, ...... 9}
d 1d 2d 3d 4 = 7 · 3 · 2 · 8  4!
7 , 3, 4, 4 4!
 
2!


 Note that 7 has to be taken as
7, 2, 4,6  
 4!  an independent digit in all
  the numbers. Think !


7 , 6 ,1 , 8
  4!

4!
 Total ways = 3 · 4! + = 72 + 12 = 84 – 1 = 83. Ans.]
2!
34. Case-1: Consider the numbers between 550 – 599 fixed

4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 5
1st place in one way (i.e. 5)
2nd place in 5 ways (i.e. 5, 6, 7, 8, 9)
3rd place in 3 ways (i.e. 5, 7, 9)
Number of numbers in this case = 1 · 5 · 3 = 15.
Case-2: 600 – 799 (both inclusive)

Number of numbers = 2 · 6 · = 36
Total = 15 + 36 = 51.
Number of digits in N = 6. Ans.]
35. 27 = 128
36. 7 letters 'TEACHER'

Total ways of selection of 7 squares
= (2C1) (3C1) (4C4) + (2C1) (3C2) (4C3) + (2C2) (3C2) (4C2) + (2C1) (3C3) (4C2) + (2C2) (3C3) (4C1)
+ (2C2)(3C1)(4C3) = 6 + 24 + 18 + 12 + 4 = 76
R1 R 2 R3 R4
1 1 1 4
1 1 2 3
1 2 2 2
1 1 3 2
1 2 3 1
1 2 1 3
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7!
Total number of ways of putting 7 letters = (76)
2 ! = (38) (7!).
Aliter: Total ways of selecting 7 squares
= 10C7 – [* when exactly one row is empty + ** when exactly two rows are empty]
* exactly one row empty
 
 (9 C  1)  (8 C  1)  1  1 & 2 row empty  1
st nd
=  
  7   7 
only 1st row empty only 2nd row empty only 3rd rowis empty 
** = 9C7 + 8C7 = 36 + 8 or 10C
7 – (36 + 8) = 120 – 44 = 76
7!
 Total ways = 76 · = (38) 7!. Ans.]
2!
37. S1 : 1, 2, 3, 4 (4)
S2 : 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 (5)
Number of 4 elements subsets Y : 9C3 – 5C3 = 84 – 10 = 74. Ans.
39. AMOSY
A × × × × = 24

M × × × × = 24 
O × × × × = 24 
SA× × × = 6 
SM×××=6   87 words
S OA× × = 2 

S O MAY = 1 
S O MYA= 1 
———————
Total = 88. ]
40. 2 · nC5 = nC4 + nC6

2n! n! n!
= 
5!(n  5)! 4!(n  4)! 6!(n  6)!
Multiplying by (n  6)! 6! we get
n2 – 21n + 98 = 0  (n – 14) (n – 7) = 0
 n = 14 and 7
 n1 + n2 = 21. Ans.]
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MA TH EM ATI C S

EST I NF
ORM AT IO NO. 25
PROBABILITY
1. Two dice are rolled 6 times simultaneously. If a total of 10 or more is called a success, then the
probability of getting atleast two succcesses is
(1) 1  (5/6)5 (2) 1  (5/6)6 (3) 1  (5/6)5  (5/6)6 (4) none
2. A die is thrown three times. The chance that the highest number shown on the die is 4 is
(1) 19/27 (2) 1/216 (3) 19/216 (4) 37/216
3. Let S be a set consisting of first five prime numbers. Suppose A and B are two matrices of order
2 each with distinct entries  S. The chance that the matrix AB has atleast one odd entry, is
(1) 90% (2) 84% (3) 80% (4) 96%
4. A biased coin has probability p of showing up heads. If it is tossed five times, the probability of
exactly two heads is the same as the probability of exactly one head. The probability of exactly
three heads in five tosses, is
2 10 40 99
(1) (2) (3) (4)
625 243 243 625
5. A book contains 1000 pages. A page is chosen at random. The probability that the sum of the
digits of the marked number on the page is equal to 9 is :
(1) 23/500 (2) 11/200 (3) 7/100 (4) none
6. A person throws four standard six sided distinguishable dice. Number of ways in which he can
throw if the product of the four number shown on the upper faces is 144, is
(1) 24 (2) 36 (3) 42 (4) 48
7. I alternately a fair coin and a fair die, until I, either toss a head or throw the face two. If I toss the
coin first, the probability that I throw the face two before I toss a head, is
(1) 1/7 (2) 7/12 (3) 5/12 (4) 5/7
8. If the letters in the word CALCULUS are arranged in all possible manner (any arrangement is
considered a word, for example CCLLAUUS would be considered a word), the probability that the
U's would be next to each other, is
(1) 1/6 (2) 1/5 (3) 1/4 (4) 1/3
9. Two dice are thrown until a 6 appears on atleast one of them. Then the probability that for the first
time, a 6 appears in the second throw is
(1) 175/1296 (2) 275/1296 (3) 375/1296 (4) none
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10. In a combat, A targets B, and both B and C target A. The probabilities of A, B, C hitting their targets
are 2/3 , 1/2 and 1/3 respectively. They shoot simultaneously and A is hit. the probability that B
hits his target whereas C does not
1 1 1 1
(1) (2) (3) (4)
2 3 4 6
11. Two Grand Masters Anand and Karpov, play 3 games of chess. The probability that Anand wins
a game is 0.5, looses with probability 0.3 and ties with probability 0.2. If he plays 3 games then the
chance that he wins atleast two games, is
(1) 0.3 (2) 0.4 (3) 0.6 (4) 0.5
12. Four integers, from 0 to 9 inclusive written randomly. Probability that not more than two of them
are alike, is
504 956 963
(1) (2) (3) (4) none
1000 1000 1000
13. The probability that an archer hits the target when it is windy is 0.4; when it is not windy, her
probability of hitting the target is 0.7. On any shot, the probability of a gust of wind is 0.3. The
probability that she hit the target on first shot, is
(1) 0.45 (2) 0.61 (3) 0.76 (4) 0.84
14. Two integers x and y are chosen (with replacement) from the set {0, 1, 2, 3,...., 20}. Then the
probability that | x – y | > 8 is
52 400 361 78
(1) (2) (3) (4)
147 441 441 441
15. There are only two women among 20 persons taking part in a pleasure trip. The 20 persons are
divided into two groups, each group consisting of 10 persons. Then the probability that the two
women will be in the same group is :
(1) 9/19 (2) 9/38 (3) 9/35 (4) none
16. If a  [–5, 30] , then the probability that the graph of the function y = x2 + 2(a + 4) x – 5a + 64 is
strictly above the x- axis is
27 8 8 17
(1) (2) (3) (4)
35 25 35 25
17. Urn A contains 9 red balls and 11 white balls. Urn B contains 12 red balls and 3 white balls. A
person is to roll a single fair die. If the result is a one or a two, then he is to randomly select a ball
from urn A. Otherwise he is to randomly select a ball form urn B. The probability of obtaining a red
ball, is
41 19 21 35
(1) (2) (3) (4)
60 60 35 60
18. Two number are randomly selected from the set of first 9 natural numbers. If 'p' be the probability
that their sum is odd given one of the selected digit is 2 and 'q' be the probability that 2 is one of
the selected digit given their sum is odd then
(1) 2p = 5q (2) 3q = 2p (3) p = 4q (4) 3p = 2q
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19. A bag contains 5 red marbles and 5 green marbles. One marble is drawn, its colour recorded,
and then placed back into the bag. This process is repeated until a green marble is found. Given
that the first green marble is found on an odd-numbered draw, the probability that it is found on
the fifth draws, is
1 3 1 3
(1) (2) (3) (4)
32 64 256 256
20. One percent of the population suffers from a certain disease. There is a blood test for this disease,
and it is 99% accurate, in other words, the probability that it gives the correct answer is 0.99,
regardles of whether the person is sick or healthy. A person takes the blood test, and the result
says that he has the disease. The probability that he actually has the disease, is
(1) 0.99% (2) 25% (3) 50% (4) 75%
21. The numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 are written on five cards one number on each card. Three cards are
drawn in succession and at random from the deck ; the resulting digits are written from left to
right. The probability that the resulting three digit number is even, is :
1 1 2 3
(1) (2) (3) (4)
5 2 5 5
22. Box A contains 3 red and 2 blue marbles while box B contains 2 red and 8 blue marbles. A fair coin
is tossed. If the coin turns up heads, a marble is drawn from A, if it turns up tails, a marble is
drawn from bag B. The probability that a red marble is chosen, is
(1) 1/5 (2) 2/5 (3) 3/5 (4) 1/2
23. A bag contains n cards numbered as 1 , 2 , 3 ,....... upto n , well mixed up. A person 'P' draws
a card from the bag and puts it back in the bag. Then a person 'Q' draws a card from the bag.
The odds in favour of P getting a card with higher number than Q is :
(1) n  1 : n + 1 (2) n : n  1 (3) n + 1 : n (4) (n + 1) : (n  1)
24. There are 1001 red marbles and 1001 black marbles in a box. Let Ps be the probability that two
marbles drawn at random from the box are of the same colour, and let Pd be the probability that
they are different colours. Then | Ps – Pd | equals
1 1 2
(1) 0 (2) (3) (4)
2002 2001 2001
25. A coin with probability p (0 < p < 1) of falling tails is tossed until a tail appears for the first time. If
2
the probability that tail comes in odd number of trials is , then p equals
3
1 5 1 3 5 1
(1) (2) (3) (4)
2 2 4 4
26. Mr. A has five children, and Mr. B has 3 children. Of the either children it is known that there are
m
five girls and three boys. If is the probability that atleast one of the families have only girls as
n
their children, where 'm' and 'n' are relatively prime positive integers, then the value of (m + n)
equals
(1) 17 (2) 37 (3) 67 (4) 77
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27. A license plate is 3 capital letters (of English alphabets) followed by 3 digits. If all possible license
plates are equally likely, the probability that a plate has either a letter palindrome or a digit palindrome
(or both), is
7 9 8
(1) (2) (3) (4) none
52 65 65
28. Mr. A makes a bet with Mr. B that in a single throw with two dice he will throw a total of seven
before B throws four. Each of them has a pair of dice and they throw simultaneously until one of
them wins, equal throws being disregarded. Probability that B wins, is
1 4 5 6
(1) (2) (3) (4)
3 11 16 17
29. A fair coin is tossed 100 times. The conditional probability of a head on 10th toss if 20 heads occur
in 100 tosses is equal to
1 1 1 3
(1) (2) (3) (4)
2 10 5 10
30. Three numbers are chosen at random without replacement from {1, 2, 3,...... , 10}. The probability
that the minimum of the chosen numbers is 3 or their maximum is 7 is
(1) 1/2 (2) 1/3 (3) 1/4 (4) 11/40
Numerical Value
31. A bag contains (2n + 1) coins. It is known that n of these coins have head on both the sides,
whereas the remaining (n + 1) coins are fair. A coin is picked up at random from the bag and
31
tossed. If the probability that the toss results in a head is , then find the value of n.
42
32. A number is chosen randomly from one of the two sets, A = {1801, 1802,.....,1899, 1900} &
B = {1901, 1902,.....,1999, 2000}. If the number chosen represents a calender year. If the probability
p
that it has 53 Sundays is , then find the value of p.
1400
33. An urn contains 10 balls, 4 red and 6 blue. A second urn contains 16 red balls and unknown
number of blue balls. A single ball is drawn from each urn. If the probability that both balls are of
the same colour is 0.44, then find the number of blue balls in the second urn.
34. A coin is flipped seven times. If the probability that it comes up head at least 4 times in a row can
p
be expressed as rational , where p and q are relatively prime, then find (p + q).
q
35. For any events A and B. Given P (A  B) = 0.6, P(A) = P(B), P(B/A) = 0.8.
m

If the value of P (A  B)  (A  B)  can be expressed as
n
where m and n are relatively
prime then find the value of (m + n).
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36. A dice is tossed. If the dice shows 1 or 2 then one coin is tossed and if the dice shows 3 then two
coins are tossed otherwise three coins are tossed. Given that the resulting coin tossed produced
m
no heads. If the probability that the die showed 1 or 2 is (where m and n are coprime), then
n
find the value of (n – m).
37. Let S = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}. Two subsets A and B of S are chosen randomly with
replacement with B chosen after A. The probability that A is a subset of B can be expressed as
pa b 
b for some primes p and q. Find the value of   p  q .
q a 
38. A fair coin is tossed 10 times. If the probability that heads never occur on consecutive tosses be
p
where p and q are relatively prime positive integers then find the value of (q – 7p).
q
39. In throwing a pair of dice, three events A, B and C are defined as

A : getting a total divisible by 3.
B : getting a total 6 or more.
C : getting a number 3 or more on both dice.
 A  a
If P   = where a, b  N, then find the least value of (b – a).
 BC b
40. There are n identical black balls and 2 identical red balls in a bag. One by one without replacement,
ball are drawn at random out of the bag. Mr. A wins as soon as 2 black balls are drawn and Mr B
wins as soon as 2 red balls are drawn. The game continue until one of the two win. B(n) be the
p
probability of Mr. B wins. If the value of B(1) + B(2) + B(3) + ........ B (2018) = in lowest form
q
then 3q – p is
ANSWER KEY
1. (3) 2. (4) 3. (4) 4. (3 5. (2) 6. (4) 7. (1)
8. (3) 9. (2) 10. (1) 11. (4) 12. (3) 13. (2) 14. (1)
15. (1) 16. (3) 17. (1) 18. (1) 19. (2) 20. (3) 21. (3)
22. (2) 23. (1) 24. (3) 25. (1) 26. (3) 27. (1) 28. (1)
29. (3) 30. (4) 31. 0010 32. 0249 33. 0004 34. 37 35. 2
36. 5 37. 7 38. 1 39. 5 40. 3
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SOLUTION
1. P(s) = 1/6 = p ; q = 5/6. Hence P(r  2) = 1  P(0 or 1)
= 1  [6C0 (5/6)6 + 6C1 (1/6). (5/6)5
2. Let F = {1 or 2 or 3 } and S = {4} ; P(F) = 3/6 ; P(S) = 1/6

P (Highest number thrown is 4)
= P(FFS or FSS or SSS)
3 3 1 3 1 1 1
= . . .3  . . .3 
6 6 6 6 6 6 216
27 9 1
=  
216 216 216
[Alternative: Highest number in three throws 4  atleast one of the throws must be equal to 4.
Number of ways when three blocks are filled from {1,2,3,4} = 43
 number of ways when filled from {1,2,3} = 33
 required number of ways = 43 – 33
43  33 37
 Probability = 
63 216
3. Let S be a set consisting of first five prime numbers. Suppose A and B are two matrices of order
S = {2, 3, 5, 7, 11}
Total ways in which A and B can be chosen
= (5C4 · 4!)2 = (5!)2
P(E) = 1 – P(A and B does not contain the element 2)
(4!) 2 1 24
1– 2 =1– = = 96% Ans.
(5!) 25 25
4. 5C P2(1 – P)3 = 5C1P(1 – P)4 [using P(X – r) = nCrpr qn – r ]

2
1
2P = 1 – P  P=
3
3 2
1  2 40
P (E) = 5C
3
  ·  =
 3  3  243
5. n(S) = 1000 ; {000, 001, ........ 999} [ Alternatively:

n(A) = coeff of x9 in ( 1+ x+ x2 +.... + x9)3 n(A)=x+y+z=9,x> 0 y> 0,z>0
= coeff of x9 in (1–x10)3 (1–x)–3 using beggar method
= 11C9 = 55 n(A) = 11C2 = 55.]
55 11
P(E) =  Ans ]
1000 200
6. Possible cases if the product of four numbers a · b · c · d = 144 (1  a, b, c, d  6)

6, 6, 2, 2, ; 6, 6, 4, 1 ; 6, 4, 3, 2 and 4, 4, 3, 3
4! 4! 4!
= + + 4! +
2!·2! 2! 2!·2! = 48 Ans.
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1 1
7. H: tossing a Head, P(H) = ; A : event of tossing a 2 with die, P(1) =
2 6
E: tossing the face before tossing a head
P(E) =
P H  A or ( H  A) and ( H  A) or .......
1 1 1 5 1 1
=  ·  +  ·  ·  ·  + .......
2 6 2 6 2 6
1 5 1
= + · + ....... 
12 12 12
1
1
P(E) = 12 = Ans.
5 7
1
12
8!
8. The total number of possible arrangements is
2!·2!·2! = 5040. If we treat UU as one letter, the
7!
number of arrangement would be
2!·2!
1260 1
= 1260. So the probability is = Ans.
5040 4
9. P( 6 appears on at least one of the dice in 2nd throw)

= P( none of the dice shows up 6 in the first throw) ×
P(at least one of the dice shows up six in the 2nd throw)
 5 5  11 275
=  .  
 6 6  36 1296
2
10. E1 : A targets B ; P (E1) =
3
1
E2 : B targets A ; P (E2) =
2
1
E3 : C targets A ; P (E3) =
3
Given A is hit. Hence
H1 : B hits A and C does not
H2 : C hits A and B does not
H3 : B and C both hit A
1 2 1
 P (H1) = · =
2 3 3
1 1 1
P (H2) = · =
3 2 6
1 1 1 1
P (H3) = · = ·
3 2 3 2
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1
3 1
now, P (H1/H1  H2  H3) = =
1 1 1 2
 
3 6 6
11. P (T or L) = 0.5 = P (E) say

5 5 5 1
P (W W E or W E W or E W W or W W W) = 4. · · = Ans.
10 10 10 2
12. n (S) = 104

n (A) = 104 – (exactly 3 alike + 1 different + all four alike)
4!
= 104 – [10C2 ·2!· + 10] × × × ×
3!
1000  37 963
p= =
1000 1000
13. Given: P(T/W) = 0.4, P(T/ W ) = 0.7

where T: Hits the target
W: It is windy
P(T)= P(T W) + P(T  W )
= P(W) · P(T/W) + P( W ) · P(T/ W )

= (0.3)(0.4) + (0.7)(0.7)
= 0.12 + 0.49 = 0.61 Ans.]
14. When y – x > 8 , the following choices can be made :

Suppose x = 0, then y can be any one of 9, 10 , 11 ,.... , 20  12 ways
Similarly x = 1  y can be 10, 11,... ,20  11 ways
x = 1  y can be 11,12,... ,20  10 ways
    
x = 11  y = 20  1 way
 the total number of ways = 1 + 2 +..... + 12 = 6 × 13 = 78
Similarly the number of ways for x – y > 8 is 78
Total number of ways for x – y > 8 is 78.
Total number of all possible ways = 21 × 21
Hence the required probability
2  78 52
=  Ans
21 21 147
15. n(S) = number of ways in which 20 people can be divided into two equal groups
20! 18!
= n(A) = 18 people can be divided into groups of 10 and 8 =
10! 10! 2! 10! 8!
18! 10! 10! 2 10 . 9 . 2 9
P(E) = 
10! 8! . 20! =
20 .19 19
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16. The total length of the interval in which 'a' lies
= 30 – (–5) = 35
If the graph y = x2 + 2(a + 4)x – 5a + 64 is entirely above the x -axis, the discrimininant of the
above quadratic expression must be negative
 4(a + 4)2 + 4 (5a – 64 ) < 0
 a2 + 13a – 48 < 0
(a + 16) (a – 3) < 0  –16 < a < 3
But a  [–5, 30]  – 5  a < 3 for the event to happen.
The length of this interval = 3 – (–5)= 8
8
Hence the probability required = Ans
35
9R 12 R
17. Urn A ; Urn B
11W 3W
E : event of drawing a red ball;
1
E1 = 1 or 2 on die  P(E1) =
3
2
E2 = 3, 4, 5, 6 on die  P(E2) =
3
E = (E  E1) + (E  E2)
P(E) = P(E1) · P(E/E1) + P(E2) P(E/E2)

Using the law of total probabilities,
2 9 4 12 41
P (red ball) = · + · = Ans.
6 20 6 15 60
5
C1 · 4C1 20
18. A = sum is odd ; P (A) = 9 =
C2 36
8
B = one of the selected digit is 2 ; P (B) =
36
5
C1 5
P (A  B) = =
36 36
(other could be 1, 3, 5, 7, 9)
P(A  B) 5 36 5
P (A / B) = = · = =p
P(B) 36 8 8
[21, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29 out of which 21, 23, 25, 27, 29 favour]
P(A  B) 5 36 1
P (B / A) = = · = =q
P( A ) 36 20 4
[21, 23, 25, 27, 29, 41, 43, 45, 47, 49 etc
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5 1
= 20 out of these 5 favours B  = ]
20 4
p 5 4 5
= · =  2p = 5q
q 8 1 2
5G
19. 10
5R
E: green marble is drawn on an odd numbers draw
1 1
p(S) = ; p(F) =
2 2
p(E) = p(S or FFS or FFFFS or ....)
1
p(S) 1 4
2 2
= = = · =
1  p(F) p(F) 1  1 2 3 3
4
Let A: Green marble is drawn on this 5th draw
1
p( A  E ) p( A )
 p(A/E) = = = 32
p( E ) p( E ) 2
3
1 3 3
= · = Ans.
32 2 64
20. A: blood result says positive about the disease

1
B1: Person suffers from the disease =
100
99
B2 : person does not suffer =
100
99 1
P(A/B1) = ; P(A/B2) =
100 100
P(B1 ) ·P( A / B1 )
P(B1/A) = P( B ) ·P( A / B )  P( B ) ·P( A / B )
1 1 2 2
1 99
· 99 1
= 100 100 =
1 99 99 1 2 ·99 = 2 = 50%
·  ·
100 100 100 100
21. If 2 and 4 is drawn at 3rd place then the event will be favourable. Hence required probability
4 3 1 2
=2× × × =  (B)
5 4 3 5
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Alternatively : n(S) = 5C3 · 3! ; n(A)
(12)2 2
= 2C1 · 4C2 · 2!  P =
10 ·6 = 5
22. Box ; Box
R = event that a red marble is drawn

P (R) = P (R  H) + P (R  T)
= P (H) P (R / H) + P (T) · P (R / T)
1 3 2  8 1 2
=    = · =
2  5 10  10 2 5
23. S = { n, (n – 1) , ( n– 2) , ....... , 3, 2, 1}
1
suppose 'P' draws the card number 'n' the probability of which is
n
n 1
for 'Q' favourable out comes 1, 2, 3,...... (n – 1) , the pr. of which is
n
'P' draws a higher number than 'Q'
1
= [(n  1)  (n  2)  ....  1]
n2
(n  1)n n  1 n 1
=  =
2n 2 2n (n  1)  n  1
 odds in favour = (n – 1): (n + 1)
24. Red marbles = 1001

Black marbles = 1001
n(s) = 2002C2
n1 = 1001C2 · 2
n2 = 1001C1 · 1001C1
2 ·1001 1000
 Ps = ·
1·2 2002 C 2 ;
(1001)(1001)
Pd = 2002
C2
1001
Pd – Ps = C 2 (1001 – 1000)
2002
1001·2 1
= =
2002 ·2001 2001
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25. We have P(T) = p ; P(H) = P ( T ) = 1 – p
p p 2
 Required probability = P(T or HHT or HHHHT or .........) = = =
1  (1  p) 2 2p  p 2 3
1
 2p2 = p  p= Ans.
2
ggggg
26. We have 8 children bbb
Four posibilities are as follows: (Note: g denotes girl and b denotes boy)
A B
(a ) bbbgg ggg
( b) bbggg ggb
(c ) bgggg gbb
(d ) ggggg bbb
As (A) and (D) are favourable.
5 5
3 C C 10 1 11
Hence probability = 8 8 5 =  =  m + n = 67 Ans.
C3 C5 56 56 56
27. Let A : event that the place has a three letter palindrome
B : event that the place has a three digit palindrome
26 2 1 10 2 1 abc
P(A) = 3 = 26 (L1L2L1) ; |||ly P(B) = 3 = 10
26 10 ( there are 10 digits 0  9)
1 1 1 10  26  1 7
hence, P (A or B) = P(A) + P(B) – P(A  B) = + – = =
26 10 26 ·10 260 52
6
28. We have P(A) = P(7) = ;
36
3
P(B) = P(4) =
36
Since equal throws are disregarded,
Hence in each throw A is twice as likely to win as B.
Let P(B) = p, P(A) = 2p
1
 3p = 1  p= Ans. ]
3
[Note : Equal throws being disregarded means both of them simultaneously cannot win and
cannot loose that is in every throw either A wins or B wins. i.e., in sample space we have 9 points
6 2 3 1
(Total of 7 + Total of 4). Now P (A wins) = = , P(B wins) = = .
9 3 9 3
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10th
29.    ...... ......

100 times
100
99 1
C19  
2 20 1
100 = 100 = 5 Ans.]
100 1
C20  
2
30. N = {1, 2,.......10}  3 are drawn

A = minimum of the chosen number is 3
B = maximum number of the chosen number is 7.
7
C2  6C2  3C1
P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B) – P(A  B) = 10
C3
Numerical
31. Let A : The coin is fair

B : The coin is biased
Now,
H H
P(H) = P(A) P   + P(B) P   (using total law of probability)
A  B
 n 1  1  n  31
      1 = (Given)
 2 n  1  2  2n  1  42
 n = 10 Ans. ]
32. A = {1801, 1802,.....,1899, 1900}

B = {1901, 1902,.....,1999, 2000}
E : randomly chosen year has 53 sundays

P (E) = P (E  L) + P (E  O)
= P (L). P(E/L) + P (O). P(E/O)
1  24 2 76 1  1  25 2 75 1 
= .  . +  .  .
2 100 7 100 7  2 100 7 100 7 
249 p
=   p = 249. Ans.]
1400 1400
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4R 1 ball
I (10)
6B
33. 16R
II (16 + n) 1 ball
nB
4 16 6 n
P(ball drawn is of same colour) = ·  ·
10 16  n 10 16  n
2 16 3 n
·  · = 0.44
5 16  n 5 16  n
[32  3n ] 44 11
5 (16  n ) 100 25  11 · 5 (16 + n) = 25 (32 + 3n)
= =
 55 (16 + n) = 800 + 75n  55 · 16 + 55n = 800  55 · 16 – 800 = 20n

 880 – 800 = 20n  80 = 20n  n = 4. Ans.]
34. n=7
E : head comes at least 4 times in a row
S=HHHH × × ×
×  H or T
THHHH × ×
× THHHH ×
× × THHHH
1 3 2 3 5
 P(E) =  =  =
16 32 32 32 32
 p + q = 37 Ans.]
35. A  B = {a1 + a2}  {a1 + a4}

= {a1 + a2 + a4}
a1 a2 a3
A  B = {a3 + a4}  {a2 + a3}
= {a3} a4
P  (A  B)  (A  B)  = {a1 + a2 + a4}  {a3}

1
= {a1 + a2 + a3 + a4} = 1 =  m + n = 2 Ans.
1
36. A : Coins shows no heads

B1 : Dice show 1 or 2
B2 : Dice show 3
B3 : Dice show 4, 5, 6
2 1
·
P(B1 )P(A B1 ) 6 2 8 m
P(B1/A) = 3 = = 
2 1 1 1 3 1 13 n
 P ( Bi ) P ( A / Bi ) 6 · 2  6 · 4  6 · 8
i 1
 n – m = 13 – 8 = 5 Ans.]
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37. n(S) = 210 · 210 = 220
n(A) = 310 = 10C0 + 10C1 · 2 + 10C
2 · 22 + .......+ 10C10 · 210
310
 Probability = 20
2
b
 p  q = 2 + 3 + 2 = 7. Ans. ]
a
6
C5  7C4  8C3  9C2  10C1  1 9
38. Probability = 10 = (Gap method) ]
2 64
 A  PA  (B  C) 6 / 36 3
39. P = = = ]
 BC P(B  C) 16 / 36 8
40. B(n) = RR + RBR + BRR

2 1 2 n 1 n 2 1 6
 +   +   
n  2 n 1 n  2 n 1 n n  2 n 1 n (n  1) (n  2)
 1 1  1 1  3n
B(n) = 6    B(n) = 6    =
 n 1 n  2   2 n  2  (n  2)
2018 p
3 2018 3 1009
  B(n) = 2020
=
1010

q
n 1
 3q – p = 3030 – 3027 = 3. Ans.]
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M AT H E M AT I CS

E S T IN F OR
M TI O
A NO. 26
STATISTICS
1. If mean of n item is x . If each rth item is increased by 2r. Then new mean will be
n n2
(1) x (2) x  (3) x  (4) x  n  1
2 2
2. Mean of n items is x. If these n items are increased by 12, 22, 32,....., n2 successively, then mean gets
increased by
n  12n  1 n n  12n  1 n2
(1) (2) (3) (4) remains same
6 6 2
3. Suppose two groups of scores A and B are such that A = (x, x + 2, x + 4) and B = (x – 2, x + 2, x + 6).
Statement-1 Group B has more variability than group A.
Statement-2 The value of mean for group B is more than that of group A.
(1) Statement-1 is true, Statement -2 is true; Statement-2 is a correct explanation for Statement-1
(2) Statement-1 is true, Statement -2 is true; Statement-2 is not a correct explanation for Statement-1
(3) Statement-1 is true, Statement -2 is false
(4) Statement-1 is false, Statement-2 is true
ax  b a
4. Statement-1 The standard deviation of variable is 
c c
Statement-2 The standard deviation of a linear equation is  × | coefficient of x |
(1) Statement-1 is true, Statement -2 is true; Statement-2 is a correct explanation for Statement-1
(2) Statement-1 is true, Statement -2 is true; Statement-2 is not a correct explanation for Statement-1
(3) Statement-1 is true, Statement -2 is false
(4) Statement-1 is false, Statement-2 is true
5. The A.M. of 2n + 1C0, 2n + 1C1, 2n + 1C2,........, 2n + 1Cn is
2n 2n 22n 2 2n
(1) (2) (3) (4)
n n 1 n (n  1)
91 8
6. If the variate takes the values 0, 2, 4, 8,..... 2n with frequencies nC0, nC1, nCn and if the mean is ,
2n
then n equals
(1) 4 (2) 6 (3) 5 (4) none of these
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7 5 1 1
7. If a variable takes the discrete values  + 4,  – ,  – ,  – 3,  – 2,  + ,  – ,
2 2 2 2
 + 5 ( > ), then the median is
5 1 5
(1)   (2)   (3)  – 2 (4)  
4 2 4
8. A sample of 35 observations has the mean 80 and s.d. as 4. A second sample of 65 observation from the
same population has mean 60 and s.d. 3. The s.d. of the combined sample is
(1) 5.85 (2) 5.58 (3) 10.12 (4) None of these
9. The mean and S.D. of the marks of 200 candidates were found to be 40 and 15 respectively. Later, it
was discovered that a score of 40 was wrongly read as 50. The correct mean and S.D. respectively are
(1) 14.98, 39.95 (2) 39.95, 16.12 (3) 39.95, 224.5 (4) none of these
10. The average of n numbers x1, x2, x3, ……, xn is M. If x1 is replaced by x, then the new average is
( n  1) M  x1  x ( n  1) M  x1  x nM  x1  x
(1) M – x1 + x (2) (3) (4)
n n n
11. The average weight of 9 men is x kg. After another men joins the group, the average increases
by 5%. Still another man joins and average returns to old level of x kg. Which one of the following
true?
(1) the 10th & 11th men weight same
(2) the 10th man weight half as much as the 11th man
(3) the 10th man weight as much as the 11th man
(4) None of these
10 10 10 10
12. If values a, b, c,...... j, p occurs with frequencies C0 , C1, C2 ,..., C10 then mode is
(1) a (2) e (3) f (4) k
13. The mean of two samples of sizes 200 and 300 were found to be 25, 10 respectively. Their
standarddeviations were 3 and 4 respectively. Find the variance of combined sample of size
500
(1) 70 (2) 60 (3) 67.2 (4) 80
14. The mean and variance of 5 observations of an experiment are 4 and 5.2 respectively. From
these observations three are 1, 2 and 6 and  = |x1 – x2| + 8 where x1 & x2 are remaining observations.
Then number of solution of equation 10 – x2 – 2x =  are
(1) 1 (2) 2 (3) 3 (4) 4
15. The mean and variance of 10 numbers were calculated as 11.3 and 3.3 respectively. It was
subsequently found that one of the a number was misread as 10 instead of 12. How does the
variance change.
(1) variance decreases (2) variance increases
(3) nothing can be said about variance (4) variance remains unchanged.

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9 9
16. STATEMENT-1 : If  (x i  8) = 9 and  (x i  8)2 = 45 then S.D. of x , x ,......, x is 2.

1 2 9
i 1 i 1
STATEMENT-2 : S.D. is independent of change of origin.

(1) Both the statements are true.
(2) Statement- is true, but Statement- is false.
(3) Statement- is false, but Statement- is true.
(4) Both the statements are false.
17. If the standard deviation of the numbers 2, 3, a and 11 is 3.5, then which of the following is true?
(1) 3a2 – 32a + 84 = 0 (2) 3a2 –34a + 91 = 0
(3) 3a2 –23a + 44 = 0 (4) 3a2 –26a + 55 = 0
18. The marks of some students were listed out of a maximum 60. The standard deviation of marks
was found to be 5. Subsequently the marks raised to a maximum of 100 and variance of new
marks was calculeted .The new variance
25 625 625 15
(1) (2) (3) (4)
3 3 9 9
11 11
2
19. If x
i 1
i  4   11 and x
i 1
i  4   44 then find variance of x , x , x .....x .
1 2 3 11
1
(1) 4 (2) 3 (3) 7 (4) 11
20. Consider the following statement and choose correct option

(I) variance can not be negative
(ii) S.D can not be negative
(III) Median is influenced by extreme value in set of numbers.
(1) TTT (2) FTT (3) FTF (4) TTF
21. The mean of distribution is 6, If coefficient of variation is 50%, then standard deviation of
distribution is
(1) 9 (2) 3 (3) 300 (4) 4
22. The mean of two samples of sizes 20 and 10 were found to be 11, 8 respectively. Their
variance were 4 and 34 respectively. Find the variance of combined sample of size 30.
(1) 19 (2) 19.5 (3) 18.5 (4) 16
23. If standard deviation of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 is 2 then which of the following is correct.

(1) standard deviation of 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, is 2
(2) standard deviation of 1001, 1002, 1003, 1004, 1005 is 2000
24. The mean and variance of 100 numbers were calculated as 11 and 2 respectively. Later it was
found that one of the number was misread 5 instead of 9. How does the variance change.
(1) Variance doesn’t change (2) Variance Increases
(3) Variance decreases (4) Can’t comment

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25. The coefficient of variation of two series are 60% and 70% if their standard deviation are 21
and 14, then find ratio of their AMs
6 2 4 7
(1) (2) (3) (4)
7 3 7 4
26. The mean of 2 samples of sizes 50 & 40 were found to be 63 and 54. Their variance were 81
& 36. Find the variance of combined sample of size 90
(1) 9 (2)  (3) 3 (4) 
27. The mean and median of some data is 14 and 12 . Later it was discovered that every data
element should be increased by 2 units then new mean and median will be
(1) 16, 12 (2) 16, 14 (3) 14, 12 (4) 10, 8
28 If a variate X is expressed as a linear function of two variates U and V in the form X = a U + b V,

then mean X of X is
(1) aU + b V (2) U + V (3) aU + aU (4) None of these
29. The AM of n numbers of a series is X . If the sum of first (n – 1) terms is k, then the nth number
is
X
(1) X – k (2) n X – k (3) X – nk (4)
3
30. If X1 and X2 are the means of two distributions such that X1 < X2 and X is the mean of the
combined distribution, then
X1  X2
(1) X < X1 (2) X > X2 (3) X = (4) X1 < X < X2
2
Answer Key
1. (4) 2. (1) 3. (3) 4. (1) 5. (4) 6. (2) 7. (1)
8. (3) 9. (2) 10. (4) 11. (4) 12. (3) 13. (3) 14. (1)
15. (1) 16. (1) 17. (1) 18. (3) 19. (2) 20. (4) 21. (2)
22. (4) 23. (3) 24. (3) 25. (4) 26. (2) 27. (2) 28 (1)
29. (2) 30. (4)

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Solutions 
3n  1 91 8
= n
2n 2
n
x1  x 2  x 3    x 4  3 – 1 = 728
1. =x  n=6
4
x 7. Arrange is accending order
 ( xi  2r ) 7 5 1
r 1
 New mean is x 'B =  – ,  – 3,  – ,  – 2,  – , 
n 2 2 2
2x ( x  1) 1
 x + + ,  + 4,  + 5
2x 2
x '  x + (n + 1)

2

1 th
4  5th value 
x1  x 2  x 3    x n
2. Given =x 1 5 5
n   2    –
2 2 4
then new mean is
x1  x 2  x 3    x n  12  2 2    n 2
8. n1 = 35, x1 = 80, 1 = 4
n
n2 = 65, x 2 = 60, 2 = 4
( n  1)(2n  1)
= x+
6
2
 =
  
n1 12  d12  n 2 22  d12 
n1  n 2
3. For group B, data are more scattered then
group A, so variability of B has more than A 35  80  65  60
countioned mean = = 67
but mean is same. 100
4. If standard deviations fo data xi is a then new  d1 = 80 – 67 = 13 , d2 = 60 – 67 = –7
a b 35(16  169)  65(9  49)

S.D. for x + is  2 =
c c 100
2
  102.45
a
 because of by multiplying any constant  = 102.45 = 10.12
c
a a
, S.D. has times but for addition of any 9. Number of candidates = 200
c c mean = 40
constant there will be no effect. s.d. = 15
Correct data = 40
2 n 1 2 n 1 Incorrect data = 50
C0  C1  2 n 1C2   2n 1C n
5. A.M. =
n 1
(i) Incorrect mean =
 xi = 40
2n 200
2

n 1
n n n n n
Incorrect  xi = 8000
0 · C0  2 · C1  4 · C2   2 · C4
6. mean  n
C0  n C1  n C2   n Cn correct sum  xi = 8000 – 50 + 40 = 7990
=
91 8
correct mean =
 xi = 39.95
2n 200

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1 1 
2  w1  w 2  ......  w 9   w10  w11
x i2    x i  Now = x
(ii) Incorrect s.d. =
n
 n 
11
....(3)
 2 From equation (1), (2) and (3)
1 
 (s.d.)2  
 n
 x i  n =
 
 x i2 x
w11 =
2
 (225 + 1600) × 200 =  x i2 12. Frequency of f = 10C5 which has maximum
= Incorrected sum value
  x i2 = 365000
 corrected sum x i y i
13. = 25, = 10
200 300
  x i2 – (50) 2
+ (40)2
 xi = 5000, yi = 3000
 364100 2
x = 3 and y = 4
corrected 2 =  200  (39.95) 
  xi2 yi2
 – (25)2 = 9 and – (10)2 = 16
= 1820.5 – 1560.25 = 260 200 300
 = 16.12  xi2 = 126800 and yi2 = 34800
2
zi2  zi 
10. Ginve : Numbers x1, x2, x3 , ……xn and their  = – 
n  n 
average = M. We know that the average of n
2 2 2
numbers (xi  yi )  xi  yi 
= – 
x1  x 2  x 3    x n 500  500 
M=
n 161600  8000 
2
= –  = 67.2
nM  x x1  x 2  x 3    x n  x 500  500 
or =
n n
nM  x x1 x 2  x 3    x n  x 14. Mean  x  = 4, variance = 5.2
or = 
n n n a1, a2, a3 = 1, 2, 3.
nM  x  x1 x 2  x 3    x n  x Let x1, x2 are remaining values
or =
n n a1  a2  a3  x1  x 2
Mean  x  =
or new average 5
 x1 + x2 = 11 ....(1)
 x 2  x 3    x n  x  a12  a22  a32  x12  x 22
=  variance 2 = 5.2 = –  x 2
n 5
 
 x12 + x22 = 65 ....(2)
nM  x1  x  |x1 – x2| = 3
=
n  So = 11 10 – x2 – 2x = 
 (x + 1)2 = 0 one solution
w1  w 2  .....  w 9 15. Let xn misread value (xn) = 10 (xn)actual = 12
11. =x ...(1)
9 2 = 3.3 x = 11.3
n 1
 w 1  w 2  .....  w 9   w10 1
 x = 113 – 10 = 103 = 10.  x  – 10
=x+ x i
10 20 i 1
....(2) n1
2
From equation (1) & (2) x i  xn2 2
 = 2 i1 –  x
3 10
w10 = x
2 n 1
2
x
i 1
i = –67 + 10  x 
2
...(1)

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n 2
2 2  2500 = x
x  x  1 n actual
i
 (2)actual= i1 –  x actual

2
10
variance (yi ) =
y i
– 64
n
2
10
2
x  x 1 n actual
 (2)actual= i1 –  x actual  980 =  yi2
10
67  10  x   144
2
 10  x   10  12   xi2   yi2  xi2  yi  2
 = 3480
=   
10  10 
2 2 2
= (2actual) = 3.14  xi  yi   xi  yi 
  x i   yi  –  
30  30 
16. S.D.(xi) = S.D. (xi – 8) = 116 – 100 = 16
2
 (x i  8)2   (x i  8)  45
= –  = 1 23. Standard deviation is independent of
n  n 9
 
change of origin bu not scale.
=2
24. Actual data is more close to mean,
17. Standard deviation of numbers 2, 3, a and therefore less variance
11 is 3.5
2 1 2
 (3.5)2 =
x i
– (x)2 25. x1
= 0.6 ; x2
= 0.7
4
2
4  9  a2  121  2  3  a  11  1 0.6  x1 21 0.7
1 1 x 7 x
 (3.5) = 2
–    14  0.6  x  4  x
4  4  2 0.7  x 2 2 2
on solving, we get
3a2 – 32a + 84 = 0 26.  xi= 63×50 = 3150 ;  yi = 40×54
100 5 5
18. We known that yi = xi = xi so h = = 2160
60 3 3
2
5 25
var(xi) = 81 =
x i
 (63)2  var(yi) = 36
Thus y = hx = ×5= 50
3 3
2
 25  625 2
=
so new variance =    y i
 3  9  (54)2
40
2
44  11 
19. variance (xi – 4) = var(xi) =   3
11  11  2
x i  202500
2
 x
n
i  x
2 y i  118080
20. Variance (x ) =
i
i1
n
combined variance =

21.  100 = coefficient of variation
x
 =3
 x i
2
  yi
2
    x   y  i i
2
90  90 
 
22. x i = 20  11 = 220
320580
=  (59)2
 y i = 10  8 = 80 90
2 = 3562 – 3481
variance (xi ) =
x i
– (121)
20 = 81

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27. Mean and median both will be increased 30. Let n1 and n2 be the number of observations
by 2 in two groups having means X1 and X2
respectively. Then
28 We have : X = a U + bV. Therefore n1X  n2 X2
X = n1  n2
1 1 1
X =  X = a. n  U + b. n  V = a U + b V
n n1 X1  n2 X2
Now X – X1 = n1  n2
– X
29. Let the n-numbers be x1, x2 , ....., xn then, n2 (X2 – X1 )

= n1  n2
>0
n
1
X = n
xi
i1 [  X 2 – X1 ]
x1  x 2  ....xn–1  xn
 X1 – X2
X = ....... (i)
n
n(X1 – X2 )
And X – X2 = n1  n2
<0
k  xn
 X = [  X 2  X1 ]
n
[ x1 + x2 + ..... xn–1 = k]  X < X2

....... (ii)
 xn = n– X k
From (i) and (ii) X1 < X < X2 .

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M ATH EMATICS

E S T IN F O R
M A
T I O NO. 27
MATHEMATICAL REASONING
1. Which of the following statements is using an “inclusive Or” ?

(1) A number is either rational or irrational.
(2) All integers are positive or negative.
(3) The office is closed if it is a holiday or a Sunday.
(4) Sum of two integers is odd or even.
2. For the compound statement

“All prime numbers are either even or odd”. Which of the following is true?
(1) Both component statements are false
(2) Exactly one of the component statements is true
(3) At least one of the component statements is true
(4) Both the component statements are true
3. Which one statement gives the same meaning of statement

“The Banana trees will bloom if it stays warm for a month.”
(1) It stays warm for a month and the banana trees will bloom.
(2) If it stays warm for a month, then the Banana trees will bloom.
(3) It stays warm for a month or the banana trees will bloom.
(4) It stays warm for a month or the banana trees will not bloom.
4. The statement “x is an even number implies that x is divisible by 4” means the same as
(1) x is divisible by 4 is necessary condition for x to be an even number.
(2) x is an even number is a necessary condition for x to divisible by 4.
(3) x is divisible by 4 is a sufficient condition for x to be an even number.
(4) x is divisible by 4 implies that x is not always an even number.
5. The negation of the statement “Two lines are parallel if and only if they have the same slope” is
(1) Two lines are not parallel and they have the same slope.
(2) Two lines are parallel and they do not have the same slope.
(3) Two lines are not parallel and they do not have the same slope.
(4) Either two lines are parallel and they have different slopes or two lines are not parallel and
they have the same slope.
6. Which one statement gives the same meaning of statement

“If you watch television, then your mind is free and if your mind is free then you watch television”
(1) You watch television if and only if your mind is free.
(2) You watch television and your mind is free.
(3) You watch television or your mind is free.
(4) None of these
7. The contrapositive of statement “Something is cold implies that it has low temperature” is
(1) If something does not have low temperature, then it is not cold.
(2) If something does not have low temprerature then it is cold.
(3) Something is not cold implies that it has low temperature.
(4) If something have low temperature, then it is not cold.
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8. Consider the statement p : “Everyone in Germany speaks German” which of the following is not
negation of p
(1) Not everyone in Germany speaks German.
(2) No one in Germany speaks German.
(3) There are persons in Germany who do not speak German.
(4) There is atleast one person in Germany who does not speak German.
9. If p, q, r are three statements then converse of p  (q~ r) is

(1) ~ (r  ~q)  p (2) (r  ~q)  p
(3) (r  q)  p (4) ~ (r  ~q)  p
10. Statements “If the traders do not reduce the price then the government will take action against
them” is equivalent to
(1) It is not true that the trader do not reduce the prices and government does not take action
against them.
(2) It is true that the trader do not reduce the prices and government does not take action against
them.
(3) It is not true that the trader do not reduce the prices and government take action against
them.
(4) It is not true that the trader do not reduce the prices or government take action against them.
11. Contrapositive of statement ‘‘If you watch television, then your mind is free” is
(1) If your mind is free then you are not watching television
(2) If your mind is not free then you are not watching television
(3) If your mind is not free then you are watching television
(4) If your mind is free then you are watching television
12. The negation of the statement “There exists a number which is equal to its square” is
(1) There exists a number which is not equal to its square.
(2) There exists no number which is not equal to its square.
(3) There does not exists a number which is equal to its square.
(4) The square of a number is greater than the number.
13. Column - I Column - II

(A) ~ (~ p  q) is equivalent to (p) p  (p  q)
(B) p  (p  q) is equivalent to (q) t
(C) (p  q)  [~ p  (p  ~ q)] is equivalent to (r) p~ q
(D) (p  q)  p is equivalent to (s) (~p  q)  t
14. Choose the incorrect alternative

(1) p = I study and I pass
~p =Either I don’t study or I don’t pass
(2) p = If she come then she will get bonus
~p = She come and she will not get bonus
(3) p = He plays if and only if his father permits
~p = Either he play and his father does’t permit or he does not play and his father permits.
(4) p = 4+3 > 2 and 4 + 3 < 9
~p = 4 + 3 < 2 or 4 + 3 > 9
15. Which of the following is not a statement ?

(1) Three plus two equals six (2) Three plus two equals five
(3) Tomorrow is tuesday (4) There are 380 days in an year

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16. Identify use of inclusive OR in one of the following
(1) Two lines intersect at a point or are parallel
(2) An year has 365 days or 366 days
(3) To visit America, you need a passport or voter ID.
(4) None
17. Which of the following statement doesn’t convey same meaning as

p = if a number is odd, then its cube is also odd
(1) A number is odd implies that its cube is odd.
(2) A number is odd only if its cube is odd.
(3) If cube of a number is not odd, then the number is not odd.
(4) For the cube of a number to be odd, it is necessary that the number is odd.
18. Negation of (~pvq) is (~pvq)

(1) p v q (2) pv~q (3) p ~q (4)~p~q
19. Suppose that x and y are positive real numbers.

Let p : x < y and q : x2 < y2 , then
(1) p q and q p (2) p q and q p (3) p  q (4) p  q and ~ q p
20. Which of the following statements among the following is a tautology.

(1) A  (A  B) (2) [A  (A  B)]  B (3) B  [A  (A  B)] (4) A  (A  B)
21. Consider statements :

p : 767 is divisible by 37 and 17
q : 767 is divisible by 13
The negation of the statement “Either 767 is divisible by 37 and 17 or it is divisible by 13” is
(1) Either 767 is not multiple of 37 and 13 or it is not multiple of 17 and 13
(2) 767 is not divisible by any of 37, 17, 13
(3) 767 is divisible by 37 and 17 but not by 13
(4) 767 is divisible by 13 but not by 37 and 17
22. Consider statement p : If two integers a and b are such that a divides b then b3 – a2 is a composite
number. The converse of the statement p is
(1) If two integers a and b are such that b3 – a2 is a composite number then a divides b.
(2) If a divides b then a,b are integers and b3 – a2 is a composite number.
(3) If b3 – a2 is a composite number then a,b are integers and a divides b.
(4) If a, b are integers and a does not divide b then b3 – a2 is not a composite number.
23. Let S be a non-empty subset of R. Consider the following statement

P : There exist two irrational numbers xS and yS such that x + y is a rational number.
Negation of the statement P is
(1) There is no irrational number which when added to a particular irrational number results in a
rational number.
(2) Sum of two irrational numbers is always irrational
(3) There exist atleast one pair of irrational numbers whose sum is irrational.
(4) We do not always get a rational number when we add two irrational numbers.
24. If the compound propositions (q  q)  r is true and p  (q) is false, then the truth values of p,
q and r are respectively
(1) T, T and F (2) T, F and T (3) T, T and T (4) F, F and F
25. The incorrect statement of the following is

(1) p  (p) is a fallacy (2) p  (p) is tautology
(3) (p  q)  (q  p) is a contradiction (4) (p) p is a tautology

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26. The statement [(p  ~ q)  ~ p]  q can be
(1) a tautology (2) a fallacy (3) can’t say (4) equivalent to p  q
27. Truth value of the statement "if p then q" is false when
(1) p is true, q is true (2) p is true, q is false
(3) p is false, q is true (4) p is false, q is false
28. Let p and q be two statements. Then, ~ p  q   ~ p  ~ q  is a

(1) tautology (2) contradiction
(3) neither tautology nor contradiction (4) either tautology or contradiction
29. If p = He is intelligent
q = He is strong.
Then, symbolic form of statement. "It is wrong that he is intelligent or strong," is
(1) ~ p  ~ p (2) ~ p  q  (3) ~ p  ~ q (4) p ~ q
30. If p and q are two statements, then statement p  q  ~ q is

(3) neither tautology nor contradiction (4) None of the above
31. If p and q are two statements, then ~ p  q   ~ q  p 

(3) neither tautology nor contradiction (4) either tautology or contradiction
32. ~ (p  q)  (~ p q) is logically equivalent to

(1) ~ p (2) p (3) q (4) ~ q
33. ~ [~ p  (p  q)] 
(1) p  q (2) q  p (3) T (4) F
34. The statement “x is an even number implies that x is divisible by 4” means the same as
(1) x is divisible by 4 is necessary condition for x to be an even number.
(2) x is an even number is a necessary condition for x to divisible by 4.
(3) x is divisible by 4 is a sufficient condition for x to be an even number.
(4) x is divisible by 4 implies that x is not always an even number.
35. If p and q are any two statements then p q is not equivalent to
(1) p is sufficient for q (2) q is necessary for p (3) p only if q (4) q only if p
36. If p, q, r and s are true propositions, then the truth values of

(i) (p q)  s (ii) (q r)  s (iii) (p q)  (q  s) are respectively
(1) T, T and F (2) F, T and F (3) T, F and T (4) T, F and F
37. The statement [p (p  q)]  q, is :

(1) a fallacy (2) a tautology (3) neither a fallacy nor a tautology (4) not a compound statement
38. The negation of the statement
"If I become a teacher, then I will open a school", is
(1) Neither I will become a teacher nor I will open a school.
(2) I will not become a teacher or I will open a school.
(3) I will become a teacher and I will not open a school.
(4) Either I will not become a teacher or I will not open a school.

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39. Consider
Statement-1: (p  ~ q)  (~ p  q) is a fallacy..
Statement-2: (p  q)  (~ q  ~ p) is a tautology.
(1) Statement-I is true, Statement-II is true, Statement-II is not a correct explanation for Statement-I.
(2) Statement-I is true, Statement-II is false.
(3) Statement-I is false, Statement-II is true.
(4) Statement-I is true, Statement-II is true, Statement-II is a correct explanation for Statement-I.
40. The contrapositive of the statement “If your are born in India, then you are a citizin of India”, is
(1) If you are born in India, then you are not a citizen of India.
(2) If you are not a citizen of India, then you are not born in India.
(3) If you are a citizen of India, then you are born in India.
(4) If you are not born in India, then you are not a citizen of India.
41. Consider the following three statements :

P : 5 is a prime number.
Q : 7 is a factor of 192
R : L. C. M. of 5 and 7 is 35.
Then the truth value of which one of the following statement is true ?
(1)  ~ P    Q  R  (2)  Q  R    ~ R 
(3)  ~ P    ~ Q  R  (4) P   ~ Q  R 
42. The logical statement ~  ~ p  q   p  r    ~ q  r   is equivalent to :-
(1)  p  q   ~ q (2)  ~ p  ~ q  r (3) ~ p  r (4)  p ~ q   r
43. The Boolen expression ~  p   ~ q   is equivalent to :
(1)  ~ p   q (2) p  q (3) q  ~ p (4) p  q
44. If the truth value of the statement P   ~ q  r  is false(F), then the truth values of the statements
p, q, r are respectively :
(1) F, T, T (2) T, F, F (3) T, T, F (4) T, F, T
45. If P  p  ~ q  is false, then the truth values of p and q are respectively :

(1) F, T (2) T, F (3) F, F (4) T, T
Answer Key
1. (3) 2. (1) 3. (2) 4. (1) 5. (4) 6. (1) 7. (1)
8. (2) 9. (1) 10. (1) 11. (2) 12. (3)
13. (A)  (r), (B)  (p), (C)  (s), (D)  (q)
14. (4) 15. (3) 16. (3) 17. (4) 18. (3) 19. (3) 20. (2)
21. (1) 22. (1) 23. (2) 24. (3) 25. (3) 26. (1) 27. (4)
28. (3) 29. (3) 30. (3) 31. (3) 32. (1) 33. (1) 34. (1)
35. (4) 36. (4) 37. (2) 38. (3) 39. (1) 40. (2) 41. (4)
42. (1) 43. (4) 44. (3) 45. (4)

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Clearly, ~ q  ~p and ~(p  ~q) have same
Solutions truth values for all the values of p and q.
1. If it is a holiday as well as sunday than also Hence, the two statements are equivalent.
the office can be closed. Aliter : We have,
~(p  ~q)  (~p  q)  (p  q)
2. Statement (1) All prime numbers are even.
Statement (2) All prime numbers are odd. Hence the two statements are equivalent.
Both false
11. Statement p  q and its contrapositive
3. The given statement can be written as : ~q  ~p are logically equivalent and give
“If it stays warm for a month, then the same meaning.
Banana trees will bloom”
4. p  q means p is sufficient for q and q is 12. By using concept of quantifiers
necessary for p.
13. (A) ~(~p q) = ~(~p)~ q = p ~q (using
5. Let “p : Two lines are parallel” and “q : they Demorgan law)
have the same slope”. (B) p  (p  q) = (p  p)  (p  q) = p 
Then, the given statement in symbolic form (p  q)
is p  q.
(C) (p  q)  [~ p  (p  ~ q)]
Now, ~(p  q)  (p  ~q)  (~p  q)
 ~(p  q) : Either two lines are parallel = (p  q)  [(~ p  p)  (~ p  ~q)]
and they have different slopes or two lines = (p  q)  [t  (~ p  ~ q)]
are not parallel and they have the same = (p  q)  (~ p  ~ q)
slope. = (p  q)  [ ~ ( p  q)] = t
also (~p  q)  t = t
6. You watch television if and only if your mind
p q p  q (p  q)  p
is free.
T T T T
T F F T
7. If something does not have low (D) F T F T
temperature, then it is not cold. F F F T
8. The negation of ‘’Everyone in Germany

speaks German’’ is - there is at least one 14. 4 + 3  2 or 4 + 3  9
person in Germany who does not speak
German. 15. can be true or false
9. converse of p  (q  ~ r) is (q  ~r)  p 16. If both passport and voter ID is present, you

 ~(~q  r)  p can visit America.
 ~(r  ~ q)  p
17. It is not necessary condition
10. Let p be the statement “Traders do not
reduce the prices” and q be the statement 18. De - Moivre’s law
“Government takes action against them”
The first statement in symbolic form is p  q
and the second statement is ~(p  ~q). 19. Both statements p and q are true
In order to check the equivalence of the so p q and q p
above statements let us prepare the  p q
following truth table.
20.
p q ~ q p ~ q ~ (p ~ q) p  q
A B A B A (A B) [A  (A  B)] B
T T F F T T T F F F T
F T T F T
T F T T F F
T T T T T
F T F F T T F F T F F
F F T F T T
21. ((A  B)  C)’ = (A  B)’ C’ = (A’  C’) 

(B’  C’)
22. converse of p  q is q  p

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23. By using definition of negation 33.
p q ~p pq ~ p  (p  q )  s ~ s  p  q
24. Given that (p  q)  r is true T T F T F T
 (p  q) is true and r is true T F F F F T
 p and q are both true or both false F T T F F T
Therefore, the truth values of p, q and r are F F T T T F
respectively T, T or F, F and T.
As p  ~q is given to be false, p is true and
~ q is false
34. p  q means p is sufficient for q and q is
 p is true and ~q is false  p is true and necessary for p.
q is true. 35. Obvious
36. (A) pq=TT=T
p ~ p p ~ p p ~ p ~ (~ p)  p (p  q)  S = T  T = T
T F F T T (B) (q  r) = T  T = T, ~ s = F
25.
F T F T T
(q  r)  ~ s = T  F = F
p q p  q ~ p ~ q (p  q)  (~ q  ~ p) (C) (p  ~q) = T  F = F
T T T T T
qs=TT=T
T F F F T
F T T T T (p  ~ q)  (q  s) = F  T = F
F F T T T
p q p  q p ^ p  q p ^  p  q   q
26. By using truth table
T T T T T
T F F F T
27. p  q is false only when p is true and q is 37. F T T F T
false ] F F T F T
Hence tautology
p q ~ pq ~ p  ~ q (~ p  q )  (~ p  ~ q )
T T T F F 38. Let p : I become a teacher.
T F F F F
28. q : I will open a school
F T T F F
F F T T T
Negation of p  q is ~ (~ p  q) = p  ~ q
i.e. I will become a teacher and I will not open
 neither tautology nor contradiction. a school.
29. ~ (p  q)  ~ p  ~ q
39. Statement-I:
30. s = q  ~ q is contradiction (p  ~ q)  (~ p  q)
p s ps ~ (p  q)  ~ (q  p)
T F F
F F T
neither tautology nor contradiction ~ ( p  q ) ~ (q  p )
p q S T
S T
31. s = ~ (p  q)  ~(q  p)
T F T F F
T T F F F
p q ~ (p  q ) ~ (q  p ) s
F F F F F
T T F F F F T F T F
T F T T T
F T T T T Statement-I is true.
F F T F T Statement-II: (p  q)  (~ q  ~ p)
(~ q  ~ p) is equivalent to (p  q)
(p  q)  (p  q)
32. We have,
~ (p  q)  (~ p  q) Hence, (p  q)  (~ q  ~p) is tautology.
 (~ p  ~q)  (~ p  q) Statement-II is true but not correct explanation
 ~ p  (~ q  q) Statement-I.]
 ~ p  t, where t is a tautoloty
 ~ p 40. (2) 41. (4) 42. (1)
43. (4) 44. (3) 45. (4)

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MAT HEM AT I CS
DPP

EST INF ORMA TIO NO. 28
INVERSE TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTION
 
1. If domain of f(x) is  0,  then domain of f(cot x) is :
–1
 3
    1   1 
(1)  , 
3 2
(2)  ,
 3
 (3)  3,   (4)  ,
 3 
2. If ([sin–1x])2 – 2[sin–1x] + 1  0 then x  (where [.] denotes greatest integer function)

(1) [sin1, sin2] (2) [–1, sin2) (3) [–1, sin1] (4) [sin1,1]
 
3. If the range of the function f(x) = tan–1 (3x2 + bx + c) is 0,  then
 2
(1) b2 = 3c (2) b2 = 4c (3) b2 = 12 c (4) b2 = 8c
1
4. The domain of the function f (x) = is:
 x  1 cos (2x  1).tan3x
1
  
(1) ( 1, 0) (2) ( 1, 0)   
 6 
     
(3) ( 1, 0]    ,  (4)   , 0 
 6 2 6 
5. Number of solutions of the equation

1
log10  5 cos1 x  1 +  2
log10 (2 cos–1 x + 3) + log10 5 = 1 is
(1) 0 (2) 1
(3) more than one but finite (4) infinite
2
 cos 1(3x  1) 
6. The range of the function y =   1 is
  
(1) [1,4] (2) [0,] (3) [1,] (4) [0,2]
1  3 sin2  
7. If sin1   = , then tan  is equal to
2  5  4cos 2  4
(1) 1/3 (2) 3 (3) 1 (4)  1
UNLIMITED PRACTICE FOR FREE : www.atpstar.com PAGE NO.-1

8. Range of f (x) = cos1  
x 2  x  1 is
         
(1)  0,  (2)  0,  (3)  ,  (4)  , 
 6  3 6 2 6 3
 1 x 
9. The smallest and the largest values of tan–1   , 0  x  1 are
 1 x 
    
(1) 0,  (2) 0, (3) – , (4) ,
4 4 4 4 2
1 4
10. If x = sin(2 tan–12), y = sin  tan1  , then
2 3
(1) x = 1 – y (2) x2 = 1 – y (3) x2 = 1 + y (4) y2 = 1 – x
  3  1 
11. tan1 cos  2 tan1   sin  2cot 1   is :
  4  2 
  
(1) (2) > (3)  (4) Not defined
4 4 4
 7 
12. The number of positive integral solutions of tan–1x + cot–1y = sin–1   is
5 2 
(1) 4 (2) 1 (3) 2 (4) 3
13. If 4cot–1x + cos–1x = 4 and sin–1y + 4tan–1y = 3/2 then x2018 + y2017 =
(1) 4 (2) 2 (3) 0 (4) –2
 2x  1
14. Let tan–1y = tan–1x + tan–1  2 
, where |x| < . Then a value of y is
 1– x  3
3x – x3 3x  x3 3x – x3 3x  x3
(1) (2) (3) (4)
1– 3x 2 1– 3x2 1  3x2 1  3x2
15. The set of values of ‘x’ for which the formula 2 sin–1x = sin–1 (2x 1  x2 ) is true, is
 3 3  1 1 
(1) (– 1, 0) (2) [0, 1] (3)   ,  (4)   , 
 2 2   2 2
16. The sum of all the solutions of cot–1 (x – 2) + cot–1 (3 – x) = cot–1 (x – 12) is
(1) 2 (2) 3 (3) 4 (4) 1
 5 1  
17. If    cos1 ,  then which one of the following inequalities hold good?
 2 2

(1) cos  < sin  < cot  < tan  (2) cos  < cot  < sin  < tan 
(3) sin  < tan  < cos  < cot  (4) sin  < cot  < tan  < cos 
 (5) cot  < cos  < tan  < sin 
x x 1 1
18. The solution of sin1  sin1  sin1 is
1 x x 1 1 x
(1) [0, ) (2) (0, ) (3) [1, ) (4) (–1, )

 1
1 1 1
19. The value of cot  tan   tan  + tan 3 – sec–1(– 2) is equal to
 
  2
(1) (2) (3) (4) 
3 3 3

20. Number of roots of the equation cos–1 3 x + cos–1 x =
2
are  
(1) 0 (2) 1 (3) 2 (4) more than 2
1   14  
21. The value of cos  cos1 cos     is :
2   5  
 7       3
(1) cos    (2) sin   (3) cos   (4) cos  
 5   10  5  5 
 
22. The value of sin–1 [cos{cos–1 (cosx) + sin–1 (sin x)}], where x   ,   is
2 
   
(1) (2) (3) – (4) –
2 4 4 2
 x 1  x 1  
23. The value of x satisfying equation tan–1   + tan–1   = is
 x 2 x 2 4
1 1 1 1
(1) ± (2) (3) (4) ±
3 2 3 2
2
1x  1
24. If tan1 = 4°, then :
x
(1) x = tan 2° (2) x = tan 4° (3) x = tan (1/4)° (4) x = tan 8°
 3
 
25. The value of 
n 1
tan 1  2  is equal to
 n  n  1
3  
(1)  cot 1 2 (2)  cot 3
1
(3)  (4)  tan1 2
4 2 2
26. The sum of first n terms of the series

3 3 3
tan1 3  tan1  tan1  tan1  .... up to n terms equals to
19 55 109
(1) tan1 2n  tan1 2 (2) tan1 3n (3) tan1 3n  tan1 3 (4) tan1  3n  3   tan1 3
2n 2n
27. If  sin1 xi  n , then x i 
i 1 i 1
n(n  1)
(1) n (2) n/2 (3) 2n (4)
2
4 4 4 4
28. The value of tan 1 + tan 1 + tan 1 + tan 1 +........  equals
7 19 39 67
1 1
(1) tan 1 1 + tan 1 + tan 1 (2) tan–11 + cot 1 3
2 3
1 1
(3) cot1 1 + cot1 + cot1 (4) cot–11 + tan1 3
2 3


1  1 
29. The value of  tan
r 1
 r 2  5r  7  is equal to
 
 1
(1) tan–13 (2) (3) sin–1 (4) cot–12
4 10
  
 19  
1
30. The value of tan  tan 1 
  is equal to
  n 
 n1 
 1  2n 

  n 1 
20 21 21 19
(1) (2) (3) (4)
21 20 19 21
INTEGER
31. If x  [0, 1] then the number of solution(s) of the equation 2 [cos–1x] + 6[sgn (sin x)] = 3
is/are
[Note: [k] denotes greatest integer less than or equal to k and sgn(x) denotes signum
function of x.]
32. Let f (x) = sin5x – cos2x and g(x) = cot–1(x2 + x + 1). Number of solution of the equation
f(x) = sgn (g(x)) in (– 2, 2) is
33. tan–1n, tan–1(n + 1) and tan–1(n + 2), n  N, are angles of a triangle if n ...........
 10  a
34. The value of cot  cot 1(1  k  k 2 )  =
 where a and b are coprime, find the value
 k 1  b
of (a + b).

 n2  n  4 
36. If 
n0
2 arc cot 
 2
 = k, then find the value of k.


Answer key
1. (4) 2. (4) 3. (3) 4. (4) 5. (2) 6. (1) 7. (2)
8. (1) 9. (2) 10. (4) 11. (2) 12. (4) 13. (2) 14. (1)
15. (4) 16. (3) 17. (2) 18. (1) 19. (1) 20. (2) 21. (2)
22. (4) 23. (4) 24. (4) 25. (1) 26. (2) 27. (3) 28. (2)
29. (3) 30. (4) 31. (0) 32. (2) 33. (1) 34. (11) 35. (1)

Solutions

1. 0 < cot–1x <
3

cot 0 > cotcot–1x > cot
3
1
>x>
3
2. ([sin–1x] – 1)2  0
 [sin–1x] = 1
  1  sin–1x < 2
 x  sin1
 
3. Range of f (x) = tan–1 (3x2 + bx + c) is 0,  if and only if range of g (x) = 3x2 + bx + c is [0,
2  
).
This is possible only when discriminant of the equation 3x2 + bx + c = 0 is equal to zero.
i.e. b2 = 12 c Ans. ]
1
4. f(x) =
 x  1 cos 1
(2x  1).tan3x
here – 1  2x + 1 < 1
 – 2  2x < 0  – 1  x < 0
 x  [–1, 0)
But x  – 1 as |x| – 1  0
 x  (–1, 0)
for x  (–1, 0), (|x| – 1| is –ve
 tan 3x < 0

0 > 3x > –
2
  
or x    , 0
 6 
     
Domain :   , 0   (–1, 0)    , 0 
 6   6 
5. cos–1 x = t  x  [–1, 1] and t  [0, ]

1 1  1 3
log10 5t  1 + log10 (2t + 3) + log10 5 = 1 ;  t  5 andt   2 
2 2  
log10 ((5t – 1) (2t + 3) · 5) = 2
(5t – 1) (2t + 3) · 5 = 100
(5t – 1) (2t + 3) = 20
10t2 + 13t – 3 = 20
10t2 + 23t – 10t – 23 = 0
t(10t + 23) – (10t + 23) = 0
(t – 1) (10t + 23) = 0

23
 t = 1 or t = – (rejected)
10
cos–1 x = 1  x = cos 1 ]
2  2
6. – 1  3x – 1  1  0x  domain is 0, 
3 3  
2
when x = 0 then y = 1; x = , y = 4. Hence range is [1, 4] Ans. Ans. ]
3
 3 sin2  
7. sin–1   = 2
 5  4cos 2 
Taking sin on both side
3 sin 2
=1
5  4 cos 2
3sin2 = 5 + 4 cos2
6 tan   1  tan2  
2
= 5 + 4 2 
1  tan   1  tan  
tan2 – 6 tan + 9 = 0
tan = 3
8. For domain point of view
3 3
0  x2 + x + 1  1, but x2 + x + 1    x2  x  1  1
4 2

 0  cos1  x2  x  1   6
Ans. ]
 1– x 
9. f(x) = tan–1  , 0x1
 1 x 
1– x 2
0x1  = – 1  [0, 1]
1 x 1 x

fmin = 0 fmax =
4
4  4
10. ; y = sin ; y > 0, tan  =
x = sin 2 = 2 sin  cos  =
5 2 3
 1  cos  1 4
y2 = sin2 = = =1– =1–x  y2 = 1 – x Ans.]
2 2 5 5
9
1
 1 3  16 = 7
11. cos  2 tan  =
 4 9 25
1
16
 1 4 4
sin  2cot 1  = sin(2tan–12) = 
 2 1 4 5
 7 4 27 
tan–1    = tan–1 >
 25 5  25 4
1
12. tan–1x + tan–1 = tan–17
y
1
tan–1 = tan–17 – tan–1x
y

1 7x
=
y 1  7x
1  7x
y=
7x
positive integral solution for x = 2, 5, 6
13.  x, y  [–1, 1] 
4cot x + cos–1x is decreasing
–1
& sin–1y + 4tan–1y is increasing

x = –1 & y = 1 satisfy only
1 1
14. <x<
3 3
x = tan 
 
<<
6 6
tan–1y =  + tan–1 tan 2 =  + 2 = 3
3 tan   tan3 
y = tan 3 =
1  3 tan2 
3x  x3
y= .
1  3x2
15. Put sin–1 x = 

 sin–1 (2x 1  x2 ) = sin–1 (sin 2) = 2
 
If –  2 
2 2
 
– 
4 4
1 1
– x
2 2
16. cot { cot–1 (x – 2) + cot–1 (3 – x) }

= cot(cot–1(x – 12))
(x – 2)(3 – x) – 1
 = x – 12
(x – 2)  (3 – x)
 x2 – 4x – 5 = 0
 x = – 1, x = 5 verification :
1 1
for x = – 1 :LHS = cot–1 (–3) + cot–14 =  – tan–1 + tan–1
3 4
 1 1 
 –  1
=  + tan–1  4 3  =  – tan–1
 1  1 1 13
. 
 4 3
1
RHS = cot–1 (–13) =  – tan–1
13
 x = – 1 is a solution
3 2 1
for x = 5 : LHS = cot–1 3 + cot–1(–2) =  + cot–1 3 – cot–12 =  – cot–1 =  – cot–1 7
3–2
RHS = cot–1 (– 7) =  – cot–1 7

 x = 5 is a solution

 sum of the solutions = 4
 5 1  
17. As  cos1 ,  so
 2 2

 5  1
cos    0, 
 2 

Now (cos  – cot )
 sin   1 
= cos    <0
 sin  
 cos  < cot  .....(1)
Also (sin  – tan  )
 cos   1 
= sin    <0
 cos  
sin  < tan  .....(2)
And (cot  – sin )
1
=
sin 

cos   sin2  
1
=
sin 

cos   1  cos2  
2
1  1 5 
=  cos     
sin    2  4 
= 1  5  1  5  1
 cos     cos   
sin   2  2 
 5  1
 0  cos    0, 
 2 
 (cot  – sin ) < 0  cot  < sin  ...(3)
 From inequation (1), (2) and (3), we get
cos  < cot  < sin  < tan . ]
x x –1 1
18. sin–1 – sin–1 = sin–1
1 x x 1 1 x
x 1
 sin–1 – sin–1
1 x 1 x
x –1
= sin–1
x 1
 x 1 1 x 
sin–1  1– – 1– 
 1  x 1  x 1 x 1  x 
 x – 1
= sin–1  
 x  1

 x 1 
 sin–1  – 
 x  1 1 x 
 x – 1
= sin–1    xR
 x  1
x x –1
But domain of sin–1 – sin–1
1 x x 1
1
= sin–1 is x  0
1 x
 1
19. cot  tan1   tan1  + tan1 3 – sec–1(– 2)
 
 2
= cot (tan–1  + cot–1) + –
3 3
    
= cot   – =0– =
2 3 3 3

20.  
cos1 x 3  cos 1(x) =
2
 cos1 x 3   = 2  cos 1
(x)
= sin–1(x) cos1 x 3 
1
= sin (x) ; Let sin–1(x) =  
 x = sin 
and 
cos1 x 3 =  
x 3 = cos 
and sin2cos 2 = 1
 x2 + 3x2 = 1
1 1
x= or 
2 2
1   
If x = L.H.S. of (1) =  =
2 6 3 2
1 5  2 
x= L.H.S. of (1) =  
2 6 3 2
1
Hence x = is the only solution.  2
2
1  14  
21. cos  cos1 cos   
2  5 
1  14 
= cos  cos1 cos    cos  = cos (– )
2  5 
 1  14   14
= cos   – 2   since (2, 3)
 2  5  5
 2 
= cos  
5 

 2   3 
= – cos   –  = – cos  5 
 5   
  3    
= –sin  –  = sin  
2 5   10 
 
22. Since x   , 
2 

sin–1 [cos(x +  – x) = sin–1 (–1) = –
2
 x –1  x 1 
23. tan1   + tan  x  2 
–1
 x – 2  
 x –1 x 1
  
= tan–1  x – 2 2 x  2 
 1– x – 1 
 x 2 – 4 
 4 – 2x 2  
= tan–1   =
 3  4
4 – 2x2
case- I =1
3
1
 x=± ... (1)
2
(x – 1) (x  1)
If  1
(x – 2) (x  2)
 x (–2, 2) ...(2)
1
from (1) & (2) x=±
2
(x – 1) (x  1)
case-II If  1
(x – 2) (x  2)
 x  (–, –2)  (2, ) ....(3)
2
 4 – 2x  
tan–1   + =
 3  4
2
4 – 2x
=1
3
1
x=± .....(4)
2
from (3) & (4)
 x 
case-III
(x – 1) (x  1)
 =1
(x – 2) (x  2)
no solution
1
 x=± are the solutions
2
1  x2 – 1
24. tan–1 = 4º x0
x
taking tan on both side

1  x2 – 1
= tan 4º
x
1  x 2 = 1 + x tan 4º
1 + x2 = 2x tan 4º + 1 + x2 tan2 4º
2 tan 4º
x = 0, since x0
1– tan2 4
Ans. x = tan 8º
3 (n  2)  (n 1)
25. Tn = tan 1 2
= tan 1 ]
1 n  n  2 1  (n 1) (n  2)
3 3 3
26. tan1 3  tan1  tan1 .....  tan1
1  6.3 1  9.6 1  3n(3n  3)
n
3
=  tan1
r 1 1  3r(3r  3)
n
1
=  tan 3r  tan1(3r  3)
r 1
  
= tan1 3  tan1 0  tan1 6  tan1 3  
....  tan1 3n  tan1(3n  3) 
1
= tan 3n
2n
–1  
27.  sin
i1
xi  n we know that –
2
 sin–1 xi 
2
Equality holds good only when sin–1 xi

=  i = 1, 2, 3......2n
2
 xi = 1  i = 1, 2, 3,...., 2n
2n
 x
i 1
i  2n
28. Let S = 7 + 19 + 39 + 67 +...... + Tn

S = 0 + 7 + 19 + 39 +.......... + Tn-1 + Tn
(Subtracting) – – – – – – –
–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
Tn = 7 + 12 + 20 + 28 +...... + (Tn  Tn  1)
(n  1)
=7+ [ 24 + 8 (n  2) ] = 4 n2 + 3
2
4 1 1
 Tn = tan 1 = tan 1 2 = tan 1
3
4n  32
n  4 1  n2  41  
=
 n 1  n 1 
 2
tan 1
2     1  
= tan 1  n    tan 1  n  
1
1 n  1 n  1 
 2 2   
 2   2

 1 1 1 1
Hence S =  Tn =  tan 1 = tan 1 1 + tan 1 + tan 1  tan 1
n 1 2 2 2 3 2
= tan–11 + cot 1 3 ]

 1   (n  3)  (n  2) 
29. an = tan–1  –1
 = tan 
–1 –1
 = tan (n + 3) – tan (n + 2)
 1  (n  3)(n  2)   1  (n  3)(n  2) 
 sn = f(n) – f(1) = tan–1 (n + 3) – tan–1 3

 s = – tan–13 = cot–1 3
2
1
= sin–1 .
10
19
1  (n  1)  n 
30.  tan
n1
 
 1  (n  1)·n 
19
=   tan
n1
1
(n  1)  tan1 n 
19
 Required sum = tan(tan–1 20 – tan–1 1) = Ans.]
21
31. Since L.H.S. is an even integer and R.H.S. is an odd integer hence no solution.]
32. f(x) = 1
 sin5x – cos2x = 1
 sin5x = 1 + cos2x which is possible when sin x = 1 and cos x = 0.
 3
 x= or ]
2 2
34. tan–1n + tan–1(n + 1) + tan–1(n + 2) = 

(n  1  n  2 )
tan–1n +  + tan–1 =
(1  (n  1)(n  2))
(2n  3)
tan–1n +  – tan–1 = 
(n 2  3n  1)
2n  3
n= 2
n  3n  1
n + 3n2 – n – 3 = 0
3
n  1 as n  N
10
1  k  1 k 
35.  tan
k 1
 
 1  k(k  1) 
10
1
 tan
k 1
(k  1) – tan–1(k)
T1 = tan–12 – tan–11
T2 = tan–13 – tan–12
  
T10 = tan–111 – tan–110
10 12
 S = tan–111 – tan–11 = tan–1 = cot–1
12 10

 12  12 6
 cot  cot 1  = =
 10  10 5
a
=  a + b = 11 Ans. ]
b
 n2  n  4 
37. We have Tn = 2 arc cot  
 2 
 2 
= 2 tan–1  2  Tn
n n4
 1 
 
= 2 tan1  2 
 1  n(n  1) 
 2 · 2 

  n  1 1  n  
= 2  tan1    tan   
  2   2 
Hence, Sn
n n
 1  n  1  1  n  

n 0
Tn 2   tan
n 0
   tan   
 2   2 
 1
Sn = tan1   – tan1  0 
2
 1
tan1 1 – tan–1  
2
 n  1 1  n 
tan 1    tan  
 2  2
————————————
 n  1
 Sn = 2 tan1  
 2 

 Lim Sn = 2 ·   =  = k (given)  k = 1 Ans.]
n  2

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M AT H E MAT I C S

DPP DA IL Y PR AC TIC E PROB LEMS

RANK BOOSTING COURSE-2022

3. The roots of (x  1) (x  3) + K (x  2) (x  4) = 0, K > 0 are :

7. The equation whose roots are sec2  and cosec2  can be

18(a 22  a 0 a1 ) 18(a 22  a 0a1 ) 18(a 02  a1a 2 ) 18(a12  a 0a 2 )

10. If  be the roots of x2 + px – q = 0 and  be the roots of x2 + px + r = 0 then

22. If min. (2x 2 – ax + 2) > max. (b – 1 + 2x – x 2 ) then roots of the equation

(A) b – c (B) bc (C) c – a (D) ab2

39. If  and  are roots of quadratic equation x2 – 4x + 1 = 0 such that an = n + n,

1. (C) 2. (B) 3. (A) 4. (D) 5. (C) 6. (D) 7. (C)

1. a(x2 –(b+c)x + bc) + b(x2 –(c+a)x + ac ) + c(x2 – (a+b)x + ab) = 0

3. check f(1) , f(2) , f(3) and f(4) and interpret

6. log2 + log2 = – 4; log2 · log2 = – 1

log 2  log 2  (log 2 ) 2  (log 2 ) 2

7. Note that sec2  + cosec2  = sec2  . cosec2   4 ]

11. Roots rational  D must be perfect square and D > 0

16. 6x2 + 2ax + 2 = 0 and 6x2 + 3bx + 3 = 0

Thus, the answer is (A) for all values of x, a0  0]

25. f (0) . f (3) < 0 chek end points separately]

here y=–1+ 1 b (note b < 1)

for x to be positive log  1  b  1 < 0

hence 0 < 1 b – 1 < 1

31. f(0) < 0  a2 – 4a < 0

Let f (x) = x2 + 2( + 1)x +  + + 7

33. Let, f (x) = k(x – 1)2 (k > 0)

34.  = 2 2 ....(1)

35. K(x2 – x) + x + 5 = 0; kx2 – x(k – 1) + 5 = 0

37. E = (1 – 2x2)2 + 4x2y2

38. f (x) = x2 + (2a – 1)x + (a + 3)

RANK BOOSTING COURSE-2022

1. If a, b, c are in A.P., then b + c  a, c + a  b, a + b  c are in

7. Let an be the nth term of an A.P. If a

12. Consider the ten numbers

24. If tn denotes the nth term of the series

26. The sum of infinite terms of the G.P.

1. (1) 2. (2) 3. (2) 4. (4) 5. (3) 6. (2) 7. (2)

1. Let b + c  a, c + a  b, a + b  c are in A.P.

2. 417 = 17 + (n – 1)4  400 = 4(n – 1)  n = 101

9. Let ‘d’ be common difference of A.P.

15. Given  ; ( + ); 3 + 3 are in G.P.

given 1011 = k(10)9

ba bc 2ac

(b 2  bc  ab  ac)  (b 2  bc  ab  ac) 2(b 2  ac) 2(b 2  ac)

29. Given s1 + s2 + s3 + ....... + s10 = t1 + t2 + t3 + ..... + t15

31. Common terms are 31, 41, 51, 61, ......

82 122 162 202 4 2

= 1024 – 1 + 440 – 30 = 1433. Ans.

37. a1, a2, a3 ........ with d = 2

40. Clearly S1 = 0 (For k = 1)

RANK BOOSTING COURSE-2022

5. nC n + 3 nCr + 1 + nCr + 2 is equal to :

6. Coefficient of xn in the polynomial (x + nC0)(x + 3 · nC1)(x + 5 · nC2) ...............(x + (2n + 1) · nCn)

11. The value of (4 · nC1 + 4 · nC2 + 42 · nC3 + ...... + 4n – 1) is

14. Let Pm stands for mPm. Then the expression 1 · P1 + 2 · P2 + 3 · P3 + ..... + n · Pn =

18. If 31C5 – 30C4 – 29C4 – 28C4 – …… – nC4 = 1, (n  N, n  4), then n is equal to

19. (2n + 1) (2n + 3) (2n + 5) ....... (4n  1) is equal to

(1) 2nC (2) 2nC (3) 2nC (4) 2nC

25. If (11)27 + (21)27 when divided by 16 leaves the remainder

26. The coefficient of x4 in the expansion of (1  x + 2x2)12 is :

27. The co-efficient of x5 in the expansion (1 + x + x2)15 is :

30. The coefficient of c2d2 in the expansion of ( c  d ) 8 , is