Let’s get started what is Assimilation?

Let’s look at the definition of Assimilation, first Assimilation is a process where the products of digestion are incorporated
and utilized in the cell.

It means that after our food is being digested it will be absorbed then to our body cell and used by our body cells and
this process when our body use the nutrient to do something is called the process of assimilation.

As you can see in the pictures, we are going to start with the food that we eat normally the food that we eat consists of
three main class of food we have carbohydrate, protein, and fats. These main clusters of food will go through our
digestive system and then being digested by the enzyme into the monomer. So, after the digestion in our small intestine,
we should have the glucose, glucose and we should have the amino acid and we also have the glycerol and fatty acid.

Once the food is being digested into their respective monomer this nutrient is going to be absorbed into the circulatory
system and for human circulatory system we involve two systems, the first one will be the blood CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
so this vessel is named blood capillary and the second one will be our LYMPHATIC SYSTEM and this is called the lacteal.

Now let’s start with the blood circulatory system the nutrients that will be carried by the blood capillary will be the
nutrient that is soluble in the water. For example, like the glucose and amino acid, so glucose and amino acid will move
into the vocabulary and then it will be carried to the largest organ in our body which is the LIVER as I mentioned just now
this will carry the glucose and the amino acid to the liver, so this blood capillary will carry the blood to the liver through
the hepatic portal vein, so this vein is being called the hepatic portal vein. What is hepatic? Hepatic in biology means
liver so basically the function of this vein is carries blood wrong digestive system to the liver. So, come back to the
glucose will be sent to the liver for examination and the amino acid will be sent to the liver for assimilation, once the liver
receives the glucose and the amino acid, stimulation the process will happen in the liver.

So, let’s start with glucose when the liver cell digests the glucose then we use the glucose to do cellular respiration cell,
so why they want to do cell respiration? The liver is just like a normal cell they need energy when they want to do work,
so glucose can provide the liver the energy when they are doing to cell respiration so sometimes when we take too much
of glucose, we say when glucose is excess in our body our live will convert the glucose into glycogen so this glycogen will
be stored in the liver. So, let’s say our blood is not enough glucose then this glycogen will be converted back to glucose
and to be used for cellular respiration.

Now let’s go to the amino acid, liver we will take the amino acid to synthesize the plasma protein basically plasma
protein is a protein that can be found in the plasma for a number like the albumin which can maintain to osmotic
pressure in our blood, sometimes when we eat extra protein we will say when we have the excess of amino acid in our
body, protein is not like the glucose, it cannot be stored in the liver, so this amino acid must be removed out from our
body. So, the first thing our liver will do, is it will carry out a process called de-elimination. For those who do know what
is the elimination, the elimination means the removal of amino group, it will be converted into the urea. Remember this
process happens in our liver urea, urea is in our urine so if we want to remove the urea, we are going to excrete it
through the kidney. That’s all for the assimilation in the liver.
Now, don’t forget that other body cells that also need glucose and amino acid to carry out their function, send the
glucose and amino acid to the heart through the vein. The heart pumps blood to the blood capillaries. So, what kinds of
nutrients we have in our blood? We have the glucose and amino acid.

So, the glucose from the blood capillary will enter the cell. So, we use the glucose to do cellular respiration and this
process is called assimilation. Assimilation it happens in the cell, again cell is going to take the glucose to do cell
respiration same goes to the amino acid, amino acid will also move into the cell and the cell is going to use the amino
acid to repair the damaged cell. For example, to produce the hormone and enzyme to produce the protoplasm, so
protoplasm is the nucleus and the cytoplasm.

After this, let’s move on to the Fats, just now glucose and amino acid will move into the blood capillary and being sent to
the liver and the body cell. So, now ww are going to learn how glycerol and fatty acid being sent to our body cell, any
nutrients that is related to fats repeat all the nutrients that can dissolve in the fats that will move into the lactic. For
example, we have the fats now, remember the nutrients that move into the lactic is not glycerol and fatty acid instead it
is the fats but why? Remember that glycerol and fatty acid they will recombine during the process of absorption. So, in
the end the combination of glycerol and fatty acid which is the fats will be absorbed into the lactose.

Now we will see how lacteal transport the fats to the sour, first of all we have two vectors here, this is the lacteal and this
is also another lacteal, these two lacteals will join together and they will form a larger tube for the lymph vessel, so again
we are going to have another lymph cells, so this is another lymph vessel. These two lymph vessels will join together
form an even larger tube called the thoracic duct, this thoracic duct will carry the fats to the back end so this is the dead
end of the thoracic duct when the fats come to this, this fats will move the veins of the blood circulatory system and this
vein is being called the left subclavian vein as we all know vein is the blood vessel that will carries the blood towards the
heart so left subclavian with the fats inside will bring the blood towards the heart. Once the blood reaches the heart, the
heart will start to pump the blood through the blood capillaries. So, this lipid is going to be taken by the cell and the cell
is going to use the fats to make plasma membrane assimilation happens.