CHAP.

21 ONE-DIMENSIONAL STEADY-STATE CONDUCTION 29

Material
Jahnke, E.,deE Apoyo
Emde, Docente
and F. Losch, 2010,oftomado
5NQ -Tables de SCHAUM'S
Higher Functions, Outline's
6th ed., of Heat
McGraw-Hill, Transfer
New York,
1960.

Straight triangular fin The solution of (2.46) for the fin shown in Fig. 2-14 (for t<<L, the
temperature will be a function of x alone) is

(2.51)

where

p = /F f = Vl + (t/2L)2
The heat loss from the fin per unit width (z-direction) may
be found by application of Fourier's law at the base of the
fin; this results in

(2.52)
Fig. 2-14

Fin Efficiency
The primary purpose of fins is to increase the effective heat transfer surface area exposed to a
fluid in a heat exchanger. The performance of fins is often expressed in terms of the fin eficiency, qf,
defined by
actual heat transfer
(2.53)
"= heat transfer if entire fin were at the base temperature
In terms of qf,the heat transfer rate is given by the simple expression
4 = &fbl + q+) 00 (2.54)
where Afis the total surface area of fins and A/,is the surface area of the wall, tube, etc., between fins
(Fig. 2-15).

Fig. 2-15

Analytical expressions for qfare readily obtained for several common configurations. Consider, for
example, the simple case of a rectangular fin with no end heat loss. The efficiency is, from (2.42),
-6,tanhnL 1
77f = = -tanhnL (2.55)
~ P el,L nL
30Material de Apoyo Docente
ONE-DIMENSIONAL tomado de SCHAUM'S
5NQ - 2010, STEADY-STATE Outline's of Heat Transfer
CONDUCTION [CHAP. 2

If the fin is thin, (2.44) gives

(2.56)

where A , = Lt is the profile area of the rectangular fin.

In Fig. 2-16 the fin efficiency of (2.55) is plotted against nL/21'2of (2.56), in which L is replaced
by L, = L + (t/2) to account for tip loss. Similar graphs for the straight triangular fin and the annular
fin of uniform thickness are also presented in this figure. Note that the product L,t is the profile area
A,, for the rectangular and annular fins, whereas A , is one-half of the product Lt for the triangular fin.
There is, of course, no length correction for the triangular fin. For the annular fin, r2'. = r2 + (t/2).

I 2 3

L:"(h/kA,)'R = nL,12'I2

Fig. 2-16

Solved Problems

2.1. Derive the general conduction equation, (2. I ) .

For the control volume in Fig. 2-1, the first law of thermodynamics may be expressed as
(rate of heat transfer in) + (rate of work in) + (rate of other energy conversion)
= (rate of heat transfer out) + (rate of work out)
+ (rate of internal energy storage) (1)
For an incompressible substance the net work done on the control volume is converted to internal energy.
Denoting the rate of energy conversion (from work, chemical reaction, etc.) as q"',( I ) becomes

Examine the heat transfer terms in (2). In the x-direction the two terms may be grouped to form