MODERN CONSTRUCTION

BUILDING METHODS &

TECHNIQUES
6.53
(WITH BASIC SWIMMING POOL
CONSTRUCTION & MAINTENANCE)

PRESENTED BY:
ENGR.JONATHAN D. CORTEZ
RCE/STRUCTURAL DESIGNER/CONTRACTOR/PROJECT
CONSULTANT/AUTODESK PROFESSIONAL
LET’S GET
STARTED

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TRAINING GUIDELINES
✓ UNNECESSARY NOISES

✓ QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

✓ RESPECT FOR THE SPEAKER AND OTHERS

MAIN OBJECTIVES

• TO LEARN AND UNDERSTAND NEW

MODERN TECHNIQUES APPROACH

• TO BE ABLE TO APPLY NEW KNOWLEDGE

INTO ACTUAL INDUSTRY

• TO LEARN IN A PROFESSIONAL WAY

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 COURSE OUTLINE
➢ PART 1 MODERN CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES
➢ WAFFLE SLAB
➢ EPS WALL
➢ PLASWALL
➢ AAC BLOCKS
➢ MSE WALL
➢ PRESTRESSED CONCRETE
➢ PRE-STRESSED HOLLOW CORE SLAB
➢ PRECAST WALLS
➢ MODERN FORMWORKS SYSTEM
➢ ROOFING CLACK SYSTEM

➢ PART 2 SWIMMING POOL DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION

➢ SWIMMING POOL DESIGN
➢ SWIMMING POOL CONSTRUCTION

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 MODERN TECHNIQUES
How we’ll scale in the future

INNOVATION FIRE RESISTANT MATERIAL COMPONENT

SUSTAINABILITY MOISTURE RESISTANT PRODUCTION PROCESS

VALUE ENGINEERING STRUCTURAL ARCHITECTURAL

COMPONENTS ADVANTAGES

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PART 1 MODERN
CONSTRUCTION
TECHNOLOGIES

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WAFFLE SLAB
WAFFLE SLAB

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 WAFFLE SLAB
CONNECTIONS

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 WAFFLE SLAB
PURPOSE
1. Waffle slabs provide stiffer and lighter slabs than
an equivalent flat slab.
2. The speed of construction for such slab is faster
compared to conventional slab.
3. Relatively lightweight hence economical.
4. It uses 30% less concrete and 20% less steel than a
raft slab.
5. They provide low floor deflections.
6. It has good finishes and robustness.
7. Fairly slim floor depth and fire-resistant
8. Excellent vibration control.

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 WAFFLE SLAB
Uses and
applications

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 WAFFLE SLAB
ADVANTAGES

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 WAFFLE SLAB
DISADVANTAGES

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EPS (EXTRUDED POLYSTERENE) WALL
EPS WALL
MEANING
Expanded polystyrene (EPS) refers to a rigid, tough and lightweight
thermoplastic product. EPS is generally white and made of pre-expanded
polystyrene beads. EPS is ideal for the packaging and construction
industries due to its light weight, strong and excellent thermal insulation
properties. It is the largest commodity polymer produced in the world.
EPS is highly resistant to biological corrosion. It also minimizes the effects
of moisture and water vapor, which is why it is used as an insulation
product.

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EPS WALL
USES
EPS is easy to install on the construction site. Besides construction and
packaging, EPS is also used to make protective crash helmets for sports
personnel and others.
EPS is manufactured through a polymerization process and is a derivative
of ethylene and benzene. EPS uses two molding processes:
•Block molding – produces large blocks of EPS that later cut into shapes or
sheets for using packaging and building/construction applications.
•Shape molding – produces parts that are made as per custom design;
used mainly for the packaging of electronic products.
EPS is completely recyclable, which means less demand for raw materials
and low energy consumption.

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EPS WALL CONNECTIONS

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PLASWALL
PLASWALL
MEANING

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BENEFITS

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BENEFITS

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BENEFITS

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CONSTRUCTION

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AAC BLOCKS
AAC BLOCKS
MEANING
AAC blocks are a precast, foam concrete, sustainable construction material made
from aggregates of quartz sand, calcined gypsum, lime, portland cement, water
and aluminium powder. After mixing and moulding, the concrete is autoclaved
under heat and pressure and it thus gains its distinctive properties. AAC bricks are
in high demand, owing to their high strength, load-bearing and thermal insulation
properties.
AAC block is used as a construction material for interior and exterior structures.
The blocks may be coated with a stucco finish or with siding materials like veneer
brick or vinyl siding.

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BENEFITS

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ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

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ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

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ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

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ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

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ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

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USES

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PRESTRESSED CONCRETE
MEANING
Prestressed concrete is a structural material that allows for
predetermined, engineering stresses to be placed in members to counteract
the stresses that occur when they are subject to loading. It combines the
high strength compressive properties of concrete with the high tensile
strength of steel.
In ordinary reinforced concrete, stresses are carried by the steel
reinforcement, whereas prestressed concrete supports the load by
induced stresses throughout the entire structural element. This makes it
more resistant to shock and vibration than ordinary concrete, and able
to form long, thin structures with much smaller sectional areas to support
equivalent loads.

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Prestressed concrete was patented by San Franciscan engineer P.H
Jackson in 1886, although it did not emerge as an accepted building
material until 50 years later when a shortage of steel, coupled with
technological advancements, made prestressed concrete the building
material of choice during European post-war reconstruction.
It is now commonly used for floor beams, piles and railways sleepers, as
well as structures such as bridges, water tanks, roofs and runways.
Generally, prestressed concrete is not necessary for columns and walls,
however, it can be used economically for tall columns and high retaining
walls with high bending stresses.
As a general rule, traditional reinforced concrete is the most economic
method for a span of up to 6 m. Prestressed concrete is more economical
when spans are over 9 m. Between 6 and 9 m, the two options must be
considered according to the particular requirements as to which is the most
suitable option.

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 TWO TYPES

PRE- POST-TENSIONING
TENSIONING
FREEDOM TO
OPPORTUNITY TO
INVENT
BUILD
Serviceable market
Addressable market

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PRESTRESSED HOLLOW CORE SLAB
MEANING
Prestressed hollow core slabs can be used for
concrete frameworks that support excessive
weight loads and in large open spaces. Their
use results insignificant savings for both
material and labor.

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BENEFITS
– Production of standardized plates, which leads to improvements in quality and optimization of
pieces
– Speed of transport and assembly: prestressed hollow core slabs are transported to works for
direct use, without requiring underpinning or foundation works
– Multifunctional usage for all types of constructions: buildings, hotels, hospitals, schools,
industrial warehouses, bleachers, refrigeration towers, etc.
– Use does not require transversal reinforcement
– Solution is economical in terms of material and labor costs
– Material is highly resistant and more fire proof

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INFORMATION

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INFORMATION

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PRECAST WALLS
MEANING
Precast concrete is a construction product produced by casting concrete in a
reusable mold or "form" which is then cured in a controlled environment, transported to the
construction site and lifted into place ("tilt up"). In contrast, cast-in-place concrete is poured
into site-specific forms and cured on site.[

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STRUCTURAL

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PERFORMANCE ISSUES

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PERFORMANCE ISSUES

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MODERN FORMWORKS SYSTEM
TIMBER BEAMS AND STEEL BEAMS
Highly versatile timber beam formwork system.
Adaptable to different slab geometries; it is simple and
easy to assemble. Few system components.

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WALL FORMWORKS

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ROOFING CLACK SYSTEM
MODERN ROOFING SYSTEM

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BENEFITS

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INSTALLED ROOFING

MACTAN CEBU AIRPORT CLARK INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT

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PART 2 SWIMMING POOL
DESIGN AND
CONSTRUCTION

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SWIMMING POOL
DEFINITION

A swimming pool, swimming

A swimming pool is a large hole in
bath, wading pool, paddling pool, or
the ground that has been made
simply pool, is a structure designed to hold
and filled with water so that
water to enable swimming or other leisure
people can swim in it.
activities.
POOL DESIGN
DESIGN ASPECT
❑ AESTHETIC
❑ SAFETY
❑ USAGE
❑ STRUCTURAL DESIGN
❑ PIPING DESIGN

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OTHER POOL
DESIGN
DESIGNS
• INFIITY EDGE POOL
• BEACH ENTRY POOL
• WATERFALL POOL
• LAP POOL
• POOL WITH TANNING
LEDGE

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POOL IDEAS

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POOL IDEAS

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POOL IDEAS

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DESIGN AND AESTHETIC
The depth of the pool for people and
children of different ages.

✅ 0-1 years - 300 mm;

✅ 1-4 years - 600 mm;
✅ 4-10 years - 900 mm;
✅ 10-14 years - 1200 mm;
✅ 14 … - 1500 mm and more.

SAFETY LEVEL FROM 4FT- 5FT

NOTE:IN DESIGNING A POOL SUGGESTED TO
HIRE AN ARCHITECT/SWIMMING POOL CONTRACTOR

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USAGE
❑ for swimmers or swimming training;
❑ for diving and underwater activities;
❑ recreational, suitable for playing and bathing;
❑ multifunctional, which simultaneously allows different
activities and / or uses;
❑ for rehabilitation, for curative and thermal uses
With regard to depth, the first thing to consider is the
length of the pool. It is also important to verify whether
a trampoline, a dive access or a slide will need to be
installed. In addition, the type of bottom material also
needs to be taken into account.
•For swimming purposes, the minimum depth for swimming is
1.20 meters.
•If, in addition to swimming, there is also a trampoline one-
meter high in relation to the water surface, a depth of 2.5
meters is recommended.
•If the trampoline exceeds one meter in height up to two
meters or three, a minimum depth of 3 meters is
recommended.
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USAGE
With regard to water depth shape types, there are
several alternatives that can be adopted. Not all of
them can be applicable, since a lot depends on the
swimming pool perimeter shape. Generally, we could
refer to four shapes of water depth:
1.Flat: same depth at both ends of the swimming pool.
2.Sloped: pool floor gradient starts with a 50 cm depth and
progressively continues down to the desired depths
3.Spooned: the bottom is first sloping and then creates a
sinking with the shape of a spoon, so as to ensure maximum
depth in the diving area
4.U-shaped: the deepest part is at the center of the pool.

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COMPETITION POOLS
Standards, prescriptions and indications for a correct
planning are demanded for all these typologies; but
major constraints, like dimensions, especially apply to
pools for competitive use and training.
Similarly, according to the size of the pool, we classify
competition pools in:
•Olympic swimming pools (50×25 m, depth min 1,80-2,00 mt,
depth max 2,10 mt, lanes from 8 to 10, lane width 2,5 m)
•Semi-olympic (21×25 m, min depth 1,20 mt, max depth 1,80
m; 8 lanes with lane width 2,5 mt)
•Minimum size pools (10×25 mt, min depth 1,20 mt, max
depth 1,80 mt; 8 lanes)
•Women’s water polo field (20x25mt, min depth 1,80 m)
•Men’s water polo field (20x30mt, min depth 1,80 m)

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CONSTRUCTION
10.3 meters

5.3 meters
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STRUCTURAL ASPECT

❑ Excavation
❑ Concreting
❑ Waterproofing
❑ Plastering
❑ Tiles Preparation

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STRUCTURAL ASPECT

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STRUCTURAL ASPECT

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CONCRETING & REINFORCEMENT
❑ FOLLOW THE DESIGN PLANS
❑ ALWAYS INSTALL AND APPLY
PROPER CONSTRUCTION
METHODOLOGY FOR
REINFORCEMENT AND
CONCRETING
❑ FOLLOW STRUCTURAL
DESIGN STANDARDS
❑ ASSURE QUALITY OF WORK
AND MATERIALS USED
❑ FOLLOW PROPER
WATERPROOFING
PROCEDURE

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 PLASTERING AND TILES PREPARATION

❑ FOLLOW PROPER
WATERPROOFING
METHODOLOGY
❑ BEFORE FINAL CONCRETING
ALWAYS CHECK THE PIPES
ROUGING INS
❑ ALWAYS FOLLOW PROPER
CONSTRUCTION
METHODOLOGY

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TILES INSTALLATION

❑ INSTALL TILES WITH PROPER

ADHESIVES
❑ FOR GROUTING USED
QUALITY MATERIALS
❑ USE LEVEL AT ALL TIMES
AND ALWAYS REMEMBER
THE SLOPING AREAS

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PIPING SYSTEM

PLAY VIDEO

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FILTRATION ACCESORIES

JET NOZZLE
The jet nozzle model is a preferred pool
connection tool in large and wide sized pools. Jet
nozzles, which can be used especially at high flow
rates, are strong and resistant to deformation. Jet
nozzle is one of the nozzle types that are effective
in the connection of pool robots.

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FILTRATION ACCESORIES

POOL SURFACE SKIMMER

in a residential swimming pool like you would a
gutter in a larger public swimming pool: it helps to
clean by skimming water and capturing floating
debris such as leaves, flower petals, dirt, twigs,
dead insects, and oil (sunblock)―before the waste
can sink to the pool's bottom.

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FILTRATION ACCESORIES

POOL FILTER TANK

The way a pool water filter tank works is that
it is an essential part of the pool for filtration
system of the pool. This filter tank will help to
filter contaminants and particulates.

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OTHER ACCESORIES

POOL UNDERWATER LIGHTS

Underwater lights used for illuminating the pool
during night time .

Also give an aesthetic touch for the pool itself and

vibes during night.

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OTHER ACCESORIES

STAINLESS POOL HANDLES

-to provide access for the people.

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MAINTENANCE

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 MAINTENANCE
3 C’s

CYCLE OF THE POOL CLEANING OF THE POOL CHEMICALS

ALWAYS CHECK FOR THE ALWAYS CLEAN THE POOL ALWAYS CHECK THE PH LEVEL
FILTERING SYSTEM WITH POOL NETS SO THAT OF THE POOL IT SHOULD BE
POOL CAN BE FREE FROM ON A SCALE OF 7 TO 7.6 PH
FROM TIME TO TIME TREE LEAVES, BUGS ETC. LEVEL.
MANAGE TO ADJUST OR
CLEAN THE OTHER FILTER YOU CAN ALSO BUY OTHER
ACCESORIES CLEANING ROBOTS

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COSTING

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COSTING (SKIMMER TYPE POOL)
SCOPE OF WORKS BELOW 30 - 40 SQM 40 - 50 SQM
COSTING

PERMITS (Varies ***) (Varies ***)

MOBILIZATION (Varies ***) (Varies ***)

(PHP 25,000 TO PHP 32,000
CONSTRUCTION LABOR AND MATERIALS (PHP 20,000 TO PHP 35,000 PER SQM)
PER SQM)
TANKS AND MOTORS ETC. (PHP 150,000-200,000) (PHP 150,000-200,000)

MAINTENANCE
(MAY VARIES WITH WHAT TYPE OF POOL AND
USAGE)
Pool Labor Maintenance Php 6,000-10,000 Monthly Php 6,000-10,000 Monthly
Php 3,000 – 10,000 Monthly Php 3,000 – 10,000 Monthly
Chemicals (Chlorine etc…)
(may also varies) (may also varies)
Emergency maintenance (Varies ***) (Varies ***)
Other expenses( Electrical and Water
(Varies ***) (Varies ***)
Consumption)
Note ( 2022 Prices may varies due to different factors)

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THANK YOU
ALL TO JESUS

-ENGR.JCORTEZ

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