NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ROURKELA

MID - TERM EXAMINATION, 2020

SESSION: 2019 - 2020 (Spring)
Int. M.Sc. (VIIIth Semester) / M.Sc. (IInd Semester)

Subject Code: MA 4106 Subject Name: Topology Dept. Code: MA

No. of Pages: 1 Full Marks: 30 Duration: 2 Hours

Answer all the questions. Symbols have their usual meaning.

Q.No. Questions Marks

(1) Let τ and τ 0 be two topologies on a set X generated by bases B and 3
B 0 , respectively. Prove that τ 0 is finer than τ iff for each x ∈ X
and B ∈ B containing x, there exists B 0 ∈ B 0 such that x ∈ B 0 ⊆ B.
(2) Let X be a topological space and A ⊆ X. Show that x ∈ A iff every 3
open set G of X containing x has non-empty intersection with A.
(3) Give an example to show that a separable space is not necessarily 3
second countable.
(4) Let B be a fixed subset of X and for each non-empty A ⊆ X, let 3
A = A ∪ B, with φ = φ. Show that A 7→ A is a closure operator
on P(X). Describe the open sets in the resulting topology. What
topology results when (i) B = φ (ii) B = X?
(5) Show that f : X → Πα Xα is continuous iff each pα ◦ f is continuous. 3
(6) Prove that the property that every real-valued continuous function 3
on X assumes it’s maximum is a topological property. Hence show
that I is not homeomorphic to R.
(7) Show that S 1 is a quotient space of [0, 2π]. (OR) Prove that R2 / ∼ 3
is homeomorphic to R, where ∼ is an equivalence relation on R2
defined by (x1 , x2 ) ∼ (y1 , y2 ) iff x2 = y2 .
(8) Give an example of a first countable space which is not second 1.5+1.5
countable. Prove that second countability is a hereditary property.
(9) Prove that a topological space X is a Hausdorff space iff the 3
diagonal 4X = {(x, x) : x ∈ X} is a closed subset of X × X.
(10) Prove that a non-empty product space is regular iff each factor 3
space is regular.