Materials

Apparatus: Pipette, Burette, Dropper, 400 mL beaker, 1L volumetric flask, 100 mL

volumetric flask, 500 mL volumetric flask, 250 mL Erlenmeyer flask.
Chemicals: Ethanol, Distilled water, Concentrated Hydrochloric Acid, HCL (37%), Calcium
carbonate CaCO3, Ammonium Chloride NH4Cl, Concentrated Ammonia NH3, 0.1M Sodium
Hydroxide NaOH, Erichrome Black T indicator, Disodium dihydrogen EDTA dehydrate.
Procedure
PART A: PREPARATION OF A STANDARD EDTA SOLUTION
1. Approximate 4.0g of disodium dihydrogen EDTA dehydrate was weighed and it will
be transferred to 400ml beaker.
2. Solids will be dissolved with distilled water and transferred the solution into the 1L
volumetric flask.
3. Mixed thoroughly and diluted to the mark with distilled water.
4. Added a few drops of 0.1M NaOH if the solution is turbid.
5. When not in use keep the solution capped.
PART B: PREPARATION OF STANDARD CALCIUM CHLORIDE SOLUTION
1. 0.4g of calcium carbonate that has already been dried at 100℃ was weighted
accurately.
2. The solid was transferred to a 500ml volumetric flask and used 100mL distilled water
to dissolve it.
3. Concentrated HCL was added until there is no effervescence and the solution is clear.
4. Mixed thoroughly and dilute to the mark with distilled water.
PART C: PREPARATION OF AMMONIA-AMMONIUM CHLORIDE BUFFER
1. In 57mL concentrated NH3, 6.75g of NH4 was dissolved in it.
2. Diluted with distilled water to the mark and transferred it into a 100mL volumetric
flask.
PART D: STANDARDIZATION OF EDTA SOLUTION
1. 50 mL of the CaCl (PART B) solution was pipet into three (3) 250 mL Erlenmenyer
Flask.
2. 5 mL Ammonia-ammonium buffer solution (Part C) was added, and 30 drops of
Erichrome Black T indicators were added, respectively.
3. Used EDTA to titrate this solution, until the colour change of the solution changed
from wine -red to pure blue.
4. With all three trials repeated this titration and the volume was recorded.
5. From the concentration of CaCl solution and the volume of EDTA that has been used
to titrate, the average molarity of the EDTA solution was calculated.
PART E: DETERMINATION OF Ca2+ and Mg2+ CONCENTRATION IN WATER
SAMPLE.
1. 50 mL of water sample containing an unknown amount of Ca2+ was pipeted into three
(3) 250 mL Erlenmeyer flasks.
2. 5 mL Ammonia-ammonium buffer solution was added, and 30 drops of Erichrome
Black T indicators were added, respectively.
3. Used EDTA to titrate it until a blue colour appears.
4. Volume and molarity of EDTA was used to calculate the water hardness in ppm.
5. Step 1 to 4 was repeated by using water sample containing unknown amount of Mg2+