Orthographic

Projection

MANOIS GERMAN M.DRAFTING VOL 1

Source: https://www.indovance.com/knowledge-center/understanding-first-angle-projection-and-third-angle-projection/

https://learning.hccs.edu/faculty/allie.jones/dftg1305/summer-2018/lecuture-notes/chapter-6-orthographic-projection
DEFINITION OF TERMS
 Orthographic projection is graphical
representation of the different views of an
object to show the necessary information
needed.

Orthographic is derived from two greek words

Orthos means to write or perpendicular
Graphos means to draw

 Literally orthographic means perpendicular

view
 View – This term as used in orthographic projection
is the different positions that an object may be
projected and this is done by extending
perpendicular lines to the plane from all parts of the
object.
 Planes of Projection- This is the picture planes which
the views of the objects are viewed or projected.
 Projections – This is the perpendicular or lines
extending from the object.
THE THREE PLANES OF
PROJECTION
1.FRONTAL OF VERTICAL –This is the plane where
the front view is projected
2. HORIZONTAL PLANE- This is the plane where
the appearance as viewed directly from above
the on top is projected.
3.PROFILE OR INCLINED PLANE- This is the plane
that will show the shape of an object when
viewed from the side and the distance from
bottom to top and the distance from the rear.
 PRINCIPLES OF ORTHOGRAPHIC
DRAWING

 1. The top view is directly above the front view.

 2.The side views are horizontally in line with the front
view.
 3. The width of the depth of the top view is equal to
the depth of side view
 4. When a line or and edge is viewed perpendicularly
to a plane of projection it appears as a point.
 5. A line or edge parallel to the plane of projection
will also appear as line or edge in its exact or true
length .
 6. A line or edge inclined to the plane of projection
will also appear shorter or foreshortened.
 6. A line or edge inclined to the plane of projection
will also appear shorter or foreshortened.
 7. A surface perpendicular to the projection plane
will appear as a line or edge equal in length to the
nearest edge of the surface, which in this case is
either its length or its width, depending on the
position.
 8. Surface parallel to the plane of projection will be
shown in its exact or true shape and size.
 9. A surface inclined to the plane of projection will
also appear as a surface but smaller in size and
shape.
 10. No line or edge of the object can be projected
longer than its true length.
ISOMETRIC VIEW
PRINCIPLES PLANES OF
RELATIONSHIP PROJECTION
LINE IN TRUE LENGTHT
LINE FORESHORTENED
POINT
TRUE SURFACE
SURFACE FORESHORTENED
LINE
THANK YOU!