𝑳𝒊𝒔𝒕 𝒐𝒇 𝑭𝒐𝒓𝒎𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒔

∑𝑥
̅
1. Sample Mean: 𝑋 =
𝑛

∑𝑋
2. Population Mean: 𝜇 =
𝑁

3. 𝐺𝑟𝑜𝑢𝑝𝑒𝑑 𝐷𝑎𝑡𝑎
∑ 𝑓𝑥
𝑀𝑒𝑎𝑛: 𝑋̅ = ∑𝑓
𝑛
−𝐹
2
𝑀𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑛 = 𝐿𝑚 + [ ]𝑐
𝑓𝑚
𝑓0 − 𝑓1
𝑀𝑜𝑑𝑒 = 𝐿 + [ ] × 𝑐
( 𝑓0 − 𝑓1 ) + (𝑓0 − 𝑓2 )

4.𝑃𝑜𝑝𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 (𝑈𝑛𝑔𝑟𝑜𝑢𝑝𝑒𝑑 𝐷𝑎𝑡𝑎)

∑𝑥
𝑀𝑒𝑎𝑛 : 𝜇 =
𝑁
∑ 𝑥2 1
𝑉𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒: 𝜎 2 = − (𝑋̅)2 @ ∑(𝑋 − 𝜇)2
𝑁 𝑁
∑ 𝑥2 1
𝑆𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑎𝑟𝑑 𝑑𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛: 𝜎 = √ − (𝑋̅)2 @ √ ∑(𝑋 − 𝜇)2
𝑁 𝑁

5.𝑆𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒 (𝑈𝑛𝑔𝑟𝑜𝑢𝑝𝑒𝑑 𝐷𝑎𝑡𝑎)

2
1 2
(∑ 𝑥)2
𝑉𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒: 𝑠 = [∑ 𝑥 − ]
𝑛−1 𝑛
1 2
(∑ 𝑥)2
𝑆𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑎𝑟𝑑 𝑑𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 ∶ 𝑠 = √ [∑ 𝑥 − ]
𝑛−1 𝑛

1
6. 𝑃𝑜𝑝𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 (𝐺𝑟𝑜𝑢𝑝𝑒𝑑 𝐷𝑎𝑡𝑎)
∑ 𝑓𝑥
𝑀𝑒𝑎𝑛 : 𝜇 = ∑ 𝑓(𝑁)
∑ 𝑓𝑥 2
𝑉𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒: 𝜎 =2
∑ 𝑓(𝑁)
− (𝑋̅)2
∑ 𝑓𝑥 2
𝑆𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑎𝑟𝑑 𝑑𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛: 𝜎 = √ ∑ − (𝑋̅)2 .
𝑓(𝑁)

7. 𝑆𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒 (𝐺𝑟𝑜𝑢𝑝𝑒𝑑 𝐷𝑎𝑡𝑎)

2
1 2
(∑ 𝑓𝑥)2
𝑉𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒: 𝑠 = [∑ 𝑓𝑥 − ]
𝑛−1 𝑛
1 2
(∑ 𝑓𝑥)2
𝑆𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑎𝑟𝑑 𝑑𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 ∶ 𝑠 = √ [∑ 𝑓𝑥 − ]
𝑛−1 𝑛

8.𝑃𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑠𝑜𝑛’𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑘𝑒𝑤𝑛𝑒𝑠𝑠

𝑀𝑒𝑎𝑛 − 𝑀𝑜𝑑𝑒 3( 𝑀𝑒𝑎𝑛 − 𝑀𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑛)
𝑆𝑘𝑒𝑤𝑛𝑒𝑠𝑠 = @
𝑆𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑎𝑟𝑑 𝑑𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑆𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑎𝑟𝑑 𝑑𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛

9.𝐵𝑖𝑛𝑜𝑚𝑖𝑎𝑙
𝑃(𝑋 = 𝑟) = 𝐶𝑟 𝑝𝑟 𝑞 𝑛−𝑟
𝑀𝑒𝑎𝑛 = 𝑛𝑝
𝑉𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 = 𝑛𝑝𝑞
𝑆𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑎𝑟𝑑 𝑑𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = √𝑛𝑝𝑞

10. 𝑃𝑜𝑖𝑠𝑠𝑜𝑛 𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑏𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛

−𝜇
𝜇𝑟
𝑃(𝑋 = 𝑟) = 𝑒
𝑟!

11.𝑁𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑙 𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑏𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
𝑋− 𝜇
𝑧=
𝜎

2
12.
𝐸 (𝑋̅ ) = 𝜇
𝜎2
𝑉𝑎𝑟 ( 𝑋̅ ) =
𝑛

13.𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑓𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑙 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑃𝑜𝑝𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑀𝑒𝑎𝑛

(𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 𝑘𝑛𝑜𝑤𝑛 𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 & 𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒 𝑠𝑖𝑧𝑒 > 30)
𝑃(𝑋̅ − 𝐸 ≤ 𝜇 ≤ 𝑋̅ + 𝐸 ) ,
𝜎
𝐸 = ±𝑧𝛼 , 𝐸 = 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑜𝑓 𝑒𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟
2 √𝑛

𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑓𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑙 𝑤𝑖𝑙𝑙

(𝑋̅ − 𝐸, 𝑋̅ + 𝐸)

14.𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑓𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑙 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑃𝑜𝑝𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑀𝑒𝑎𝑛

(𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 𝑢𝑛𝑘𝑛𝑜𝑤𝑛 𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 & 𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒 𝑠𝑖𝑧𝑒 < 30)
(𝑋̅ − 𝐸 ≤ 𝑋̅ ≤ 𝑋̅ + 𝐸 )
̂
𝜎
𝐸 = ±𝑡𝛼
2 √𝑛

𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑓𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑙 𝑤𝑖𝑙𝑙

̂
𝜎 ̂
𝜎
(𝑋̅ − 𝑡𝛼 , 𝑋̅ + 𝑡𝛼 )
2 √𝑛 2 √𝑛

3
15.
𝑆𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑡𝑒𝑠𝑡
𝑃𝑜𝑝𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑛 (𝑁𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑙) 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 𝑘𝑛𝑜𝑤𝑛 𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒
𝑥− 𝜇
𝑇𝑒𝑠𝑡 𝑆𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑠 𝑧 = 𝜎
√𝑛

𝑃𝑜𝑝𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑛 (𝑁𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑙) 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 𝑢𝑛𝑘𝑛𝑜𝑤𝑛 𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒

𝑥− 𝜇
𝑇𝑒𝑠𝑡 𝑆𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑠 𝑧 = 𝑠
√𝑛

16.𝐴𝑛𝑜𝑣𝑎
𝑠1 2
𝑇𝑒𝑠𝑡 𝑆𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑠 ∶ 2
𝑠2
𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑝𝑜𝑝𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑏𝑒𝑡𝑤𝑒𝑒𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒
𝐹=
𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑝𝑜𝑝𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒

17.
𝑛(∑ 𝑋𝑌) − (∑ 𝑋)(∑ 𝑌)
𝑟=
√[𝑛 ∑ 𝑋 2 − (∑ 𝑋)2 ][𝑛 ∑ 𝑌 2 − (∑ 𝑌)2 ]
𝑟 √𝑛−2
Test statistics: 𝑡 =
√1− 𝑟 2
𝑛 ∑ 𝑋𝑌−(∑ 𝑋 ) (∑ 𝑌 ) ∑𝑌 ∑𝑋
𝑏= 𝑎= − 𝑏
𝑛(∑ 𝑋 2 )−( ∑ 𝑋 )2 𝑛 𝑛

∑(𝑌 − 𝑌 ′ )2
𝑠𝑦.𝑥 = √
𝑛−2
𝑏
𝑇𝑒𝑠𝑡 𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑠, 𝑡 =
𝑆𝐸(𝑏)

4
18.
𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑓𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑙 𝑜𝑓 𝑎𝑛 𝐸𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑒

′
1 (𝑋 − 𝑋̅)2
𝑌 ± 𝑡𝛼 𝑠𝑦.𝑥 √ +
2 𝑛 (∑ 𝑋)2
∑ 𝑋2 − [ ]
𝑛

𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑙 𝑜𝑓 𝑎𝑛 𝐸𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑒

′
1 (𝑋 − 𝑋̅)2
𝑌 ± 𝑡𝛼 𝑠𝑦.𝑥 √1 + +
2 𝑛 (∑ 𝑋)2
∑ 𝑋2 − [ ]
𝑛

5
6
7
8