29001E00

eni spa 29001.ENG.CPI.
STD
Rev. 00 – November 2019
Pag. 2 of 61
REVISION TRACKING
Rev. 00: Actual revision is of 61 pages and 1 Appendix (A).
This document amend and replaces the former Appendix B of Eni specification
20000.ENG.CPI.STD rev05, and it is dedicated to painting for onshore facilities.
It includes a general part and one Appendix:
Appendix A: Painting system selection for onshore facilities
The former Eni specification 20000.ENG.CPI.STD rev05 is going to be withdrawn and divided in
several standalone technical specification:
29000.ENG.CPI.STD rev00 Painting for offshore and coastal structures

29001.ENG.CPI.STD rev00 Painting for onshore facilities
29002.ENG.CPI.STD rev00 Paintings and Linings for storage and process tanks
29003.ENG.CPI.STD rev00 Riser coatings
29004.ENG.CPI.STD rev00 Metalizing and Thermal Spray Coatings
29005.ENG.CPI.STD rev00 Passive Fire Protection - Application
29006.ENG.CPI.STD rev00 Painting System Sheets (present document)
29007.ENG.CPI.STD rev00 Maintenance of painted surfaces
29008.ENG.CPI.STD rev00 Qualification of paintings systems
Date: November 2019
INFORMATION REQUEST
Eni personnel can access company standard repository at:
http://wwweandp.eni.it/TSServices/ITEM/Standards-/Normalizat/Documents-/index.asp
External user shall refer to the Project Engineer Manager.
For information about the content of this standard, please refer to persons mentioned on first
page or to Company Standard Team (mbxc&st@eni.com).
HIERARCHY OF REGULATIONS
1. Local Regulations of the Country where the equipment is installed;

2. Project Specifications and Data Sheets;
3. Company General Specifications;
4. International Codes & Standards
ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

Documento riservato di proprietà di Eni spa. Esso non sarà mostrato a terzi né utilizzato per scopi diversi da quelli per i quali è stato inviato.
This document is property of Eni spa. It shall neither be shown to third parties nor used for purposes other than those for which it has been sent.
eni spa 29001.ENG.CPI.STD
Pag. 3 of 61
INDEX
1. SCOPE AND FIELD OF APPLICATION 6
1.1 SCOPE ........................................................................................................... 6
1.2 FIELD OF APPLICATION................................................................................. 6
1.3 REFERENCE STANDARDS ............................................................................... 7
1.3.1 ISO Standards ......................................................................................... 7
1.3.2 Standards of others Organizations ........................................................... 9
1.3.3 Laws and decrees .................................................................................. 10
1.4 DEFINITIONS .............................................................................................. 10
1.5 ABBREVIATIONS ......................................................................................... 11
2. FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS 13
2.1 OPERATIVE ENVIRONMENTS ....................................................................... 13
2.1.1 Submerged areas ................................................................................... 13
2.1.2 Intermittently submerged areas (“splash” zone) .................................. 13
2.1.3 Atmospheric .......................................................................................... 13
2.1.4 Indoor Environments ............................................................................. 14
2.1.5 Tank Internals ....................................................................................... 14
2.2 WARRANTY AND GUARANTEE TIME ............................................................. 14
2.3 SUPPORT AND SUBSTRATE DEFINITION ..................................................... 16
3. PAINT SYSTEMS QUALIFICATION AND SELECTION 17
3.1 QUALIFICATION OF NEW PAINT SYSTEMS .................................................. 17
3.2 GENERAL CRITERIA FOR PAINT SYSTEM SELECTION ................................... 18
3.2.1 Paint system selection for HDG and Corrosion Resistant Alloys ............. 19
3.2.2 Paint system selection for bolts, nuts, fasteners and fastening systems 20
3.2.3 Vendor Package equipment ................................................................... 20
3.2.4 Bulk procured materials ......................................................................... 21
3.2.5 Soil to air interfaces............................................................................... 21
3.2.6 Coating under insulation and PFP .......................................................... 21
4. HOT DIP GALVANIZING AND THERMAL SPRAY COATING 23
5. PASSIVE FIRE PROTECTION 24
5.1 GENERAL ..................................................................................................... 24
5.2 SCOPE ......................................................................................................... 24
5.3 TYPES OF FIRE ............................................................................................ 25
5.4 PFP MATERIALS AND APPLICATION ............................................................ 25
5.4.1 Materials ................................................................................................ 25
5.4.2 Approvals and certifications .................................................................. 26
Pag. 4 of 61
5.4.2.1 Tests for hydrocarbon pool fires ....................................................... 26

5.4.2.2 Test for jet fires ............................................................................... 26
5.4.3 Surface preparation ............................................................................... 27
5.4.4 PFP Application ...................................................................................... 27
5.4.5 PFP Repairs ........................................................................................... 28
6. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR SHOP OR ON SITE PAINTING 29
6.1 PAINT AND COATING MATERIAL ................................................................. 29
6.2 COATING MATERIAL STORAGE AND PRESERVATION ................................... 29
6.3 ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITION ..................................................................... 30
6.3.1 Ventilation ............................................................................................. 30
6.3.2 Dehumidification.................................................................................... 30
6.3.3 Protection .............................................................................................. 30
6.3.4 Scaffolding, staging and accessibility .................................................... 31
6.4 DESIGN AND STEEL IMPERFECTIONS .......................................................... 31
7. SURFACE PREPARATION 34
7.1 SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS ........................................................................... 34
7.2 EQUIPMENT FOR ABRASIVE BLASTING........................................................ 35
7.2.1 Abrasives ............................................................................................... 35
7.3 WATER CLEANING/JETTING ........................................................................ 35
7.4 POWER TOOL CLEANING ............................................................................. 36
7.5 SHOP-PRIMING ........................................................................................... 36
7.6 SURFACE PREPARATION OF STAINLESS STEEL AND SPECIAL ALLOYS ......... 37
7.7 SURFACE PREPARATION OF HOT DIP GALVANIZED STEEL .......................... 37
7.8 SURFACE PREPARATION OF SHOP-PRIMED STEEL ....................................... 38
8. PAINT AND COATING APPLICATION 39
8.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS ........................................................................... 39
8.2 SPRAY APPLICATION................................................................................... 40
8.3 STRIPE COATING ......................................................................................... 40
8.4 BRUSH APPLICATION .................................................................................. 40
8.5 ROLLER APPLICATION ................................................................................. 40
8.6 WET FILM THICKNESS (WFT) AND DRY FILM THICKNESS (DFT) ................. 40
8.7 REPAIR OF DEFECTS .................................................................................... 41
8.7.1 Inadequate coating thickness ................................................................ 41
8.7.2 Overthickness ........................................................................................ 41
8.7.3 Contaminated Surfaces .......................................................................... 41
8.7.4 Coating damages not exposing bare steel .............................................. 42
Pag. 5 of 61
8.7.5 Coating damage exposing bare steel ..................................................... 42

8.7.5.1 Damage of small dimension ............................................................. 42
8.7.5.2 Damage of medium dimension ......................................................... 42
8.7.5.3 Extensive damage ............................................................................ 42
9. SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION 43
9.1 GENERAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS .............................................................. 43
9.2 SPECIFIC SAFETY REQUIREMENTS .............................................................. 43
10. REQUIREMENTS FOR QC MANAGEMENT AND QUALIFICATION PROCESS 44
10.1 GENERAL ..................................................................................................... 44
10.1.1 Application Procedure Specification ....................................................... 44
10.1.2 Inspection and Testing Plan (ITP) ......................................................... 45
10.2 PRE-JOB MEETING ....................................................................................... 45
10.3 RECEPTION OF PAINTS AND COATING MATERIALS ..................................... 46
10.4 INSPECTION AND QUALITY CONTROL ......................................................... 46
10.4.1 Contractor.............................................................................................. 46
10.4.2 Paint manufacturer ................................................................................ 46
10.4.3 “Third-Party” Inspection ....................................................................... 47
10.4.4 Certification of inspection personnel ..................................................... 47
10.5 INSPECTION OF COATING PROCESS ............................................................ 47
10.5.1 Preliminary test ..................................................................................... 48
10.5.2 Procedure Qualification Trial ................................................................. 48
10.5.3 Test during work execution ................................................................... 50
10.5.4 Inspection during coating works ........................................................... 50
11. DOCUMENTATION AND REPORTING 52
11.1 DOCUMENTS TO PRODUCE AT THE BEGINNING OF WORKS ......................... 52
11.2 DOCUMENTS TO PRODUCE DURING WORK PROCESS ................................... 52
11.3 DOCUMENTS TO PRODUCE AT COMPLETION OF WORKS .............................. 52
12. APPENDIX A APPLICABLE PAINTING SYSTEMS 53

Pag. 6 of 61
1. SCOPE AND FIELD OF APPLICATION
1.1 SCOPE
This Specification defines the minimum technical requirements related to protective and thermal
spray coatings intended to be applied to external and internal surfaces of Onshore facilities,
structures and related components, including process tanks and vessels with MAOP ≤3,5bar.
The requirements of this specification also apply to surfaces under thermal insulation.
This Specification is not applicable to:
• Linings for above ground storage tanks, subject to the technical specification
29002.ENG.CPI.STD.
• Extended painting maintenance works of any plant or facility, subject to the
technical specification 20552.ENG.CPI.STD.
• External and Internal coatings for corrosion protection of immersed and buried
pipelines and related components
• FPSO Conversion and transformations works and new construction of FPSO, FSO,
respectively subject to the technical specification 27593.ENG.CPI.STD and
27592.ENG.CPI.STD
• Process vessels for oil and gas treatment plants (MAOP >3,5bar), subject to the
technical Specification 27595.EQP.CPI.STD.
1.2 FIELD OF APPLICATION
This Specification describes the technical requirements to be applied for:
1. Paint systems selection,

2. Surface preparation, paint system application, equipment, qualification of
personnel, etc.
3. Inspection and quality control,
4. Safety and environmental protection
5. Qualification and certification requirements for inspecting personnel
This Technical Specification is intended to be general. Therefore, before using the document for
specific projects, the specific project conditions shall be identified, with particular emphasis to
the following items, which can influence the selection of the painting system:
1. Expected durability (time to first major painting maintenance work) of the selected
painting systems;
2. Environmental conditions of the structure at the time of lining/coating application;
3. Operating temperature range;
4. Presence of previous lining/coating;
5. Condition of the substrate before preparation;
6. Content and any contaminants, e.g. water, water salinity, water pH;
7. Any other specific project requirement.
Eventually, ISO 12944-8 gives guideline for a specific Project Specification development.

Pag. 7 of 61
1.3 REFERENCE STANDARDS
This Specification refers to the most recent issue of the standards listed below, which become
an integral part of the Specification and all related contractual documents.
It is Contractor’s duty to have copies of the standards applicable to each project and provide
copies of them whenever work takes place. Contractor shall provide evidence of provision of
standards to the Company before work begins and make standard available during each
inspection step.
1.3.1 ISO Standards
ISO 834 – Part 3 Fire-resistance tests -- Elements of building construction -

Commentary on test method and test data application
ISO 1461 Hot dip galvanized coatings on fabricated iron and steel
articles — Specifications and test methods
Thermal spraying — Metallic and other inorganic coatings —

ISO 2063
Zinc, aluminium and their alloys
ISO 4628 Paints and varnishes – Evaluation of degradation of paint

Parts 1 – 6 coatings – Designation of intensity, quantity and size of
common types of defects.
ISO 8501 - Part 3 Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints

and related products. - Visual assessment of surface
cleanliness – Preparation grades of welds, cut edges and
other areas with surface imperfections.
ISO 8502 Part 3 Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints

and related products. - Test for the assessment of surface
cleanliness. – Assessment of dust on steel surfaces prepared
for painting (Pressure – sensitive tape method)

cleanliness. – Guidance on estimation of the probability of
condensation prior to paint application

cleanliness. – Extraction of soluble contaminants for analysis
– The Bresle method

cleanliness. – Field method for conductometric determination
of water-soluble salts.

Pag. 8 of 61
ISO 8503-5 Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints

and related products – Surface roughness characteristics of
blast cleaned substrates. Part 5: Replica Tape method for the
determination of surface profile.
ISO 11124 Paints and varnishes – Preparation of steel substrates before

Part 1 ÷ 4 application of paints and related products. Specifications for
metallic blast-cleaning abrasives.

Parts 1 ÷ 7 application of paints and related products. Test method for
metallic blast-cleaning abrasives.

Parts 1 ÷ 10 application of paints and related products. Specifications for
non-metallic blast-cleaning abrasives.

Parts 1 ÷ 7 application of paints and related products. Test methods for
non-metallic blast-cleaning abrasives.
ISO 12944 Part 1 Paint and varnishes - Corrosion protection of steel structures
by protective paint systems. – General introduction
by protective paint systems. – Classification of environments
by protective paint systems. – Design considerations
by protective paint systems. – Development of specifications
for new work and maintenance
by protective paint systems. – Protective paint systems and
laboratory performance test methods for offshore and related
structures
ISO 14726 Ships and marine technology – Identification colors for the
content of piping systems
ISO 16276-1 Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective paint

systems.- Assessment of, and acceptance criteria for, the
adhesion/cohesion (fracture strength) of a coating – Part 1
Pull Off Testing
ISO 16276-2 Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective paint

systems.- Assessment of, and acceptance criteria for, the
adhesion/cohesion (fracture strength) of a coating – Part 2
Cross cut testing and X Cut testing

Pag. 9 of 61
ISO 16961 Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries –

Internal coating and lining of steel storage tanks
ISO 19840 Paint and varnishes - Corrosion protection of steel structures

by protective paint systems – Measurement of, and
acceptance criteria for, the thickness of dry films on rough
surfaces
ISO 22899 Part 1 Determination of the resistance to jet fires of passive fire
protection materials - General requirements
1.3.2 Standards of others Organizations
API RP 14G:2007 Recommended Practice for Fire Prevention and Control on

Fixed Open-type Offshore Production Platforms. - 4th edition
API RP 0583
Corrosion Under Insulation and Fireproofing
ASTM A 123 Specification for zinc (hot-dip galvanized) coatings on iron and
steel products.
ASTM A 153 Specification for zinc coating (hot-dip) on iron and steel
hardware.
ASTM A 392 Specification for zinc-coated steel chain-link fence fabric.
ASTM A 780 Specification for repair of damaged hot-dip galvanized

coatings.
ASTM D 6386 Practices for preparation of zinc-coated galvanized steel

structures for paint.
ASTM D 4285 Test method for indicating oil or water in compressor air.
ASTM D 4541 Test method for pull-off strength of coatings using portable
adhesion testers.
ASTM D 4752 Standard test method for measuring MEK resistance of ethyl
silicate (inorganic) Zinc-Rich Primer by solvent rub
CAP 437 Standards for Offshore Helicopter Landing Areas
NACE RP0287 Field measurement of surface profile of abrasive blast cleaned

steel surfaces using replica tape.
Control of Corrosion Under Thermal Insulation and

NACE SP 0198 Fireproofing Materials—A Systems Approach
NORSOK M-501 Surface preparation and Protective Coating. Last rev.

Pag. 10 of 61
OTI 95 634 Jet Fire Resistance Test of Passive Fire Protection Materials
RAL 840 HR Deutschen Normen Auschuss
SSPC-SP 1 Solvent cleaning.
SSPC-SP 3 Power Tool Cleaning
SSPC-SP 5 White Metal Blast Cleaning
SSPC-SP 7 Brush-off Blast Cleaning
SSPC-SP 10 Near-White Blast Cleaning
SSPC-SP 11 Power Tool Cleaning to Bare Metal
SSPC-SP 16 Brush Off Blast Cleaning of Non Ferrous Metal
SSPC Guide 15 Field methods for retrieval and analysis of soluble salts on steel
and other nonporous substrates
SSPC-TR 3 /NACE Dehumidification and Temperature Control During Surface

6A192 Preparation, Application, and Curing for Coatings/Linings of
Steel Tanks, Vessels, and Other Enclosed Spaces
SSPC-VIS 1 Visual Standard for Abrasive Blast Cleaned Steel
SSPC-VIS 3 Visual Standard for Power- and Hand-Tool Cleaned Steel
1.3.3 Laws and decrees
The Onshore structures, intended to be coated, could be built and/or located in various countries
subjected to specific laws and rules; therefore, during the execution of the coating works, the
rules, laws and decrees in force at the yard location or in the country where the coating works
are performed shall be strictly observed.
1.4 DEFINITIONS
Contractor: Is the party accepted by the Company to perform the

specified coating work.
Coating material: The liquid, liquefiable, mastic or any other composition

and material that after application to a substrate, is
converted into a solid protective adherent film.
Paint system : Is the total sum of the coats or similar products that are
to be applied or which have been applied to a substrate
to provide corrosion protection.
Paint Manufacturer: The manufacturer or supplier of the coating.

Pag. 11 of 61
Dry-spray: Phenomenon that may occur during paint application by

spray. Dry particles (dusting) of atomized paint fall over
areas already coated or to be coated, but not yet dried,
making surface rough and matt. If overcoated, it can
cause adhesion problem.
Qualification: Evaluation process of a paint system allowing, through

laboratory tests, the selection of the suitable paint
system intended for the different environments in which
the structure will operate.
Material Safety Data Document published by the Paint Manufacturer

Sheet: describing all the aspects related to health and safety of
a coating material or thinner.
Nominal Dry Film Dry film thickness specified for each coat or for the paint
Thickness system in order to achieve the expected durability
Product Data Sheet: Document published by Paint Manufacturer describing

product characteristics, use, application and storage
instructions.
Shop Primer: Shop-primer is defined as the prefabrication primer

coating applied to steel plates or other shapes, often in
automatic plants, before the first coat of a coating
system. It can be subject to total removal or not, basing
on the coating system to be finally applied.
Specification: The terms “Specification” means this document, namely

the present revision of Functional Specification
29000.ENG.CPI.STD. series including the Appendixes.
Stripe–coat: Additional coat of paint applied usually by brush on

difficult-to-reach areas and on weld seams, edges,
bolts, nuts, etc, to assure that the specified film
thickness is achieved.
Substrate: Solid metallic surface intended to be coated or lined with

the specified coating system.
1.5 ABBREVIATIONS
ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials.

APS Application Procedure Specification
CRA Corrosion Resistant Alloy
CS Carbon Steel
CUI Corrosion Under Insulation

Pag. 12 of 61
DFT Dry Film Thickness

(Dry thickness of a coating present on surface after the complete
drying of the product).
HDG Hot Dip Galvanizing
ISO International Organization for Standardization
ITP Inspection Testing Plan
MSDS Material Safety Data Sheet
N.A. Not applicable.
NACE NACE International.
NDFT Nominal Dry Film Thickness
PDS Product Data Sheet
PFP Passive Fire Protection
PQT Procedure Qualification Trial
PPT Pre Production Trial
Ri Degree of Rust
SCS Shop-primed Carbon Steel
SDS Safety Data Sheet
SS Stainless Steel
SSPC The Society for Protective Coatings.
RAL Colour definition system according to RAL standard of Deutches
Institute für Gütesischerung und Kennzeichnung e. V.
TDS Technical Data Sheet
TSC Thermal Spray Coating
VOC Volatile Organic Compounds
WFT Wet Film Thickness
Wet Thickness of the coating present on surface at the time of its
application.

Pag. 13 of 61
2. FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS
2.1 OPERATIVE ENVIRONMENTS
The structures and related components coated according to the requirements of this Specification
may be located in various geographical locations with different climatic and service conditions.
The areas considered in this Specification are defined below and assigned an ISO 12944-2
corrosivity category, where applicable, from the following:
• Indoor Areas under climatic control C2 low corrosivity;

• Indoor Areas without climatic control C4 high corrosivity;
• Closed not inspectable spaces C5 very high corrosivity;
• External areas exposed to atmosphere CX extreme corrosivity;
Corrosivity category for immersed areas are as below:
• IM1 fresh water (permanently of intermittently immersed);

• IM2 brackish water (permanently of intermittently immersed);
• IM4 brackish water (immersed structures with cathodic protection);
2.1.1 Submerged areas
Refers to surfaces in permanent contact with flowing water with an ISO 12944-2 environment
corrosivity category IM1, IM2 or IM4.
As such areas are subject to cathodic protection, the corrosivity of the environment is very much
controlled provided there is an on-going synergy between the coating and the applied cathodic
protection, checked by periodic surveys.
2.1.2 Intermittently submerged areas (“splash” zone)
Refers to surfaces in intermittent contact with flowing water and a very humid atmosphere,
which can give rise to exceptionally high corrosion rates for uncoated carbon steel with an ISO
12944-2 environment corrosivity category alternating CX - IM2/IM4.
This area ranks as one of the most corrosive environment, accelerated corrosion can occur in
very short time periods if the coating does not provide sufficient corrosion protection. This
situation is accentuated by the fact that access for inspection and maintenance is very difficult.
The area at and above the water level should also be included within this category and have
particular considerations due the fact that maintenance coating is impossible or very difficult.
As splash area, can also be defined the soil to air transition, meaning the length of pipe
protruding from soil, from – 50 cm to + 50 cm on the soil level. This area is exposed to dew,
condensation, humidity, mechanical damage and shall be coated with a tough coating.
2.1.3 Atmospheric

Pag. 14 of 61
Where facilities are exposed to the industrial environment, climatic parameters (such as rain and
sunshine and pollutants in the form of gases or aerosols), the environment corrosivity category
applicable is CX as per ISO 12944-2.
2.1.4 Indoor Environments
Indoor facilities fall into two main groups: those under climatic control and those that are not.
The ISO 12944-2 environment corrosivity categories for these groups are:
1. C1 for those under climatic control;

2. C4 for those out of climatic control;
3. C5 for indoor closed spaces with no climatic control and no possibility of inspection.
A consideration for the group not under climatic control is that the direct effects of pollutants
are reduced, but a locally higher corrosion rate is possible in areas having poor ventilation, high
humidity or condensation.
2.1.5 Tank Internals
In terms of corrosivity all tank internals would be ranked with an ISO 12944-2 environment
corrosivity category IM2 or IM4 (if with cathodic protection), with the exception of potable water/
fresh water which is IM1.
2.2 WARRANTY AND GUARANTEE TIME
A warranty (or guarantee time) it’s not related to any requested durability range but it is a
contractual matter. If a warranty is requested by the contract, the following requirement will
apply.
For warranty purpose, the following maximum Rust Index and acceptable defective areas shall
be considered, for CS/SCS, as follows:
• Ri 0 as per ISO 4628-3 at the acceptance of painting.
• Ri 1 as per ISO 4628-3 to five (5) years from the acceptance report or at the
end of the warranty period.
In order to facilitate the assessment of the Ri grade, reference areas shall be defined by
agreement at the time of pre production meeting, in number and extension. Not less than 30%
of painted surface shall be considered. The final location of reference areas shall be defined after
inspections, at the final release of painted areas
For supports other than CS/SCS, e.g. SS, other degradation type, e.g. Flaking or Cracking, shall
be defined by agreement at the time of final painting release after inspections.
In CONTRACTOR fails to achieve the required maximum Ri, CONTRACTOR shall repair the
affected areas by new painting application. In case of multiple rust zones, i.e. more than 5 areas
in one square meter, a complete painting renew shall be considered instead of a touch-up.
The illustrations below, based on ASTM 610 / ISO 4628, serve as a guide for degree of rusting
assessment.
Pag. 15 of 61
At least every two years, or in compliance with the timing set by the warranty, a coating
condition assessment at reference areas shall be performed in order to assess the situation of
all the coated surfaces and verify that the extent and degree of rusting are less than the levels
described above. The inspection team shall include contractor’s and material manufacturer’s
representatives.
Surfaces that have deteriorated beyond the specified level of breakdown within the warranty
period shall be repaired by the contractor at his cost including materials, equipment, labour,
onshore transport, onshore lodging and onshore storage necessary for the repair.
Surfaces that have suffered from mechanical damage or chemical spillage as a result of
operational activities fall outside this warranty.
An end-of-warranty inspection shall be carried out by parties to be agreed between the

contractor and the Company, before expiry of the period of a warranty agreement regarding the
coating work.
In case of a dispute on the condition of the coating work that has been inspected, an agreed
independent coating expert shall conduct a review inspection at the contractor’s cost. Both the
company and the contractor shall accept the findings of the inspection by this independent
consultant.
Design life is requested to be more than 15 years (durability high – H – as per ISO 12944-1)
as standard policy, see also sec. 2.5.

Pag. 16 of 61
Longer design life, e.g. higher than 20 years or up to 25 years (durability very high – VH – as
per ISO 12944-1), can be requested for specific projects and related specific requirements shall
be described in the project specification.
2.3 SUPPORT AND SUBSTRATE DEFINITION
The different types of substrates considered in this Specification are as follows:
1. Any type of Carbon Steel (CS)

2. Shop-primed Carbon Steel (SCS)
3. Any type of Stainless Steel (SS) / CRAs
4. Hot Dip Galvanized Steel (HDG)

Pag. 17 of 61
3. PAINT SYSTEMS QUALIFICATION AND SELECTION
3.1 QUALIFICATION OF NEW PAINT SYSTEMS
Paint systems not included in the 27591.ENG.CPI.STD specification, shall be tested and qualified
in full compliance with the requirement of Eni specification 29008.ENG.CPI.STD before their use.
The qualification process shall apply to all coating materials, paints and paint systems, including
the materials for repair.
The qualification process foresees two steps, as follows:
a. Pre-qualification step, documental, for the evaluation of all the data relevant to
the proposed paint system(s), in order to assess their consistency with the general
requirements of the 29008.ENG.CPI.STD specification,
b. Laboratory Qualification step, the execution of characterisation tests specified by
the 29008.ENG.CPI.STD specification for each paint system, with the scope to
verify the suitability and performance for the intended corrosivity category and
type of service.
All tests and analysis required by this Specification and by related Appendices shall be performed
and suitably reported by independent third party laboratories, accredited by ISO 17025, audited
and approved by the Company.
At completion of all tests the laboratory’s report and all relevant documentations shall be
attached to the certification and provided to the Company.
The Manufacturer shall prepare a detailed tests schedule in which the timing and location for
sample’s preparation and test execution shall be reported; the schedule shall be sent in advance
to the Company that reserve the right to attend during the execution of the test.
The qualification of a coating material or coating system is not binding for the Company, which
shall select, at its sole discretion, one of the paint system included in the list of qualified paint
systems.
Company’s qualification is given for an open-ended term. However the Company reserve the
right to require at any time the repetition of one or more of the qualification tests to verify the
quality of the coating or as consequence of possible coating failure. If the result of one or more
tests is negative, the qualification will be cancelled.
Any modification to the formulation or components of a coating material or system, even if

considered minor, made by the producer after the qualification, shall be notified in writing to the
Company. The Company reserves the right to require the repetition of the execution, partly or
complete, of the test procedure, or to accept the modified paint, without further tests. The
modified coating material or system - when qualified - may be used in place of the previous one
or as an alternative.
The Contractor is obliged to select one or more paint system from the list of paint systems
qualified by the Company.

Pag. 18 of 61
Under no circumstance the Company approval of a coating system shall be considered a

guarantee from the Company related to the coating materials and repair products and they
performance, but just as an approval to use it.
Qualification processes out of the requirements of this specification, e.g. performed on actual
project or based on proprietary technologies, cannot be considered to the purpose on including
new materials in the 27591.ENG.CPI.STD specification.
3.2 GENERAL CRITERIA FOR PAINT SYSTEM SELECTION
The paint systems qualified according to the procedure and requirements of this specification
are those listed in (last revision will apply):
1. 29006.ENG.CPI.STD Paint System Sheet

2. 27591.ENG.CPI.STD Approved Paint Systems
The paint systems qualified according to the procedure and requirements of this specification
are those included in the 27591.ENG.CPI.STD specification.
Only systems reported in the specification 27591.ENG.CPI.STD can be selected.
Appendices A gives guide for correct painting system selection with reference to structure’s areas
and surfaces to be painted.
This specification only considers the use of high durability (H as per ISO 12944-1) painting
systems for offshore structures and equipment, for which the design life is expected to be more
than 15 years as standard policy.
A shorter or longer design life, e.g. up to 10 years or higher than 25 years, can be requested for
specific projects and related specific requirements, out of the purpose of the present
specification, shall be described in the project specification.
Only the paints and paint systems qualified according to the requirements defined in 3.1 shall
be selected and applied.
To select the most suitable paint systems for a specific project the following basic criteria shall
be considered:
1. Structure and area;

2. Type of support or substrate;
3. Operating temperature.
The paint system shall be selected in accordance with the applicable paint system Tables
reported in Appendix A and with the related Paint System Sheet.
Painting of CRAs is not mandatory when the operating temperature range is out of the range -
5°C to +175°C and the service temperature itself is continuous, without cyclic variations and
with no possibility of condensation on the steel surfaces. Within the temperature range or in
case of cycling temperature service, the anticorrosion coating application is mandatory.

Pag. 19 of 61
For piping lines, and related components, with operating temperature lower than dew point
(continuous condensation) the whole coating system shall be applied before commissioning of
the line.
On skirts, saddles and supports for piping, vessels and columns with operating temperature
higher than +200°C, system 030 shall be applied.
Spare lines under insulation, including equipment and components, shall be painted with system
009/010/030/031 according to maximum service temperature.
The system selection for high temperature service shall consider not only the material itself but
also its capability to correctly cure before going into service.
Silicone based products should not be applied for:
• temperatures lower than +160°C and when the first temperature ramp is not
controllable in rate and time;
• spare lines or piping not to be put in service within a short time (refer to
manufacturer’s instructions).
3.2.1 Paint system selection for HDG and Corrosion Resistant Alloys
As general rule, Hot Dip Galvanizing, Stainless Steel and Corrosion Resistant Alloys shouldn’t be
painted for indoor uses, unless is specifically required by the Project Specification, basing on
specific project conditions, as those reported hereafter.
However, stainless steel and CRAs painting is mandatorily requested when:
1. the SS/CRA component is above the temperature limits (see below);

2. when SS (300 series) surface is under insulation;
3. if subsequent intumescent type of PFP is specified;
4. when, regardless the process temperature, it’s proven that SS/CRA cannot be
protected from ferrous contamination during construction or it is in direct contact
with CS supports;
5. color coding for identification purposes, e.g. signaling and safety, are requested;
6. when maximum operating temperature exceed specific limits.
Summarizing the need for painting on SS/CRAs:
• SS 304 Always painted, regardless temperature

• SS316/316L Always painted when T>50°C
• 22Cr Duplex Painted for T>100°C
• 25 Cr Super Duplex
Painted for T >110°C
• SS 6 Mo Painted for T >120°C
• Ti/Nickel/copper
No coating required (unless for color
based alloys coding purpose)
• GRP materials Painting only required for UV protection
or color coding purpose
• Aluminium Anodized
The application of primer/intermediate layers with metallic zinc is not allowed on to the 300
series SS surfaces.
Pag. 20 of 61
The painting of HDG steel is mandatorily requested when when:
1. the requested durability is higher than 15 years;

2. the zinc layer thickness is lower than 70 microns, as per ISO 1461;
3. color coding needs.
When SS/HDG is welded to CS, e.g. cable trays on to pipe racks, the CS painting shall be
extended to the SS/HDG surface for at least 50 mm, taking care of avoiding the application of
Zinc based primers on on SS parts.
3.2.2 Paint system selection for bolts, nuts, fasteners and fastening systems
For CS bolts, nuts, studs, fasteners and fastening systems, the hot dip galvanizing should be
avoided when in presence of aggressive and corrosive environment, immersed structures or for
service temperatures higher than 200°C. In those cases alternative coatings like fluoropolymer
layers or ceramic, are a more effective alternative, in compliance with respective temperature
resistance:
• Hot Dip Galvanizing (HDG) +200°C max

• PTFE +250°C max
• Ceramic +400°C max
For SS fastening systems, fluoropolymer and ceramic coatings only should be used.
The same should be applied preferably on CS fastening systems in all cases where HDG can be
problematic.
PTFE coated CS bolts, nuts, fasteners and fastening systems shall be used for buried structures
in soils applications.
Possibility of polarity reversal of zinc shall also be evaluated for temperature higher than 60°C.
This is not a common phenomenon but it can happen in very specific conditions, e.g. the
presence of certain ions like bicarbonates and nitrates in water solution, that can affect the
polarity reversal.
Zinc layer shall not be applied to fastening systems under insulation.
Silicon layer(s) shall not be applied to fastening systems under insulation.
For structures permanently buried/immersed, the coating shall always be associated with a
Cathodic Protection system.
3.2.3 Vendor Package equipment
Materials and painting systems for Vendor Packages can differ from those required by the present
specification only if the proposed alternative is proved as technically equivalent and if the
requirements for qualification testing against the environmental corrosivity (see 2.1) and system
durability (at least H) are respected.
Technical equivalence shall be demonstrated by test report, track records and TDS of coating
materials and it is subject to company approval.

Pag. 21 of 61
3.2.4 Bulk procured materials
Bulk procured components, e.g. bulk valves, to be shop primed at the workshop and finished by
intermediate and top coat application (or top coated only) at site, can be protected by system
009, 010, 030, 031, 032 according to the maximum service temperature, as per
27591.ENG.CPI.STD. List of compatible zinc silicate primers/intermediate/top coat paint brands
combinations shall be supplied by Manufacturers.
The Polyurethane Top Coat not necessary in case of under insulation surface applications.
Silicone layers are not allowed for bulk materials.
If the service temperature is not defined at the time of painting the bulk material, the paint
system shall be selected among those of system 030, for all the bulk components.
For piping lines, and related and components, with operating temperature lower than dew point
(continuous condensation) the whole coating system shall be applied before commissioning of
the line. On these lines, no application after commissioning shall be allowed.
3.2.5 Soil to air interfaces
The soil to air interfaces (part of buried piping protruding from soil, passing from buried to
atmospheric service), shall be protected against UV, impact, dew, condensation and humidity as
an actual splash area.
Note that cathodic protection in the transition zone is not effective and visual inspection could
be difficult due to construction (e.g. grating, concrete slab).
The coating system or at least the outer wrap shall be thermosetting, UV resistant, water proof
and provide mechanical protection.
The length of such a coating (system 003 or 024) shall be extended from -50 cm to +50 cm at
least. Other coatings, such as 3LPE or 3LPP, if present, should be removed and replaced, due to
their tendency to loose adhesion to steel under sun irradiation.
The soil to air coating shall be overlapped by the top coat layer of the adjacent above ground
piping.
3.2.6 Coating under insulation and PFP
Coating and painting for under insulation and PFP service shall be selected basing on:
1. Service temperature range

2. Continuous or discontinuous (cyclic) service
3. Possibility of condensation (pipe surface, insulation layer, internal side of the
jacketing)
4. Accessibility for inspection
5. Time “out of service” (spare lines)
Systems 009, 010, 030, 031 only shall be selected for this service.

Pag. 22 of 61
HDG, inorganic zinc silicate or silicone based materials shall not be applied under insulation.
Zinc rich epoxy, if applied to structural parts to be completed on site with PFP or insulation,
shall be overcoated with a suitable epoxy layer to a minimum total thickness (DFT) of 300 µ.
For coating under cementitious PFP, due to the chemical reactions in the cement during its
curing time, following requirements shall be respected:
1. Zinc silicate shall be avoided

2. Epoxy zinc and Epoxies shall be granted as of grade capable to withstand chemical
reaction in the cement

Pag. 23 of 61
4. HOT DIP GALVANIZING AND THERMAL SPRAY COATING
In selecting the Hot Dip galvanizing it shall be considered that the long term exposure to
temperature shall be limited to +200°C.
When considering short-term usage, that is a periods of less than two hours at a time (higher
than 200°C) or onetime temperature excursions for less than twenty-four hours, the
recommended maximum service temperature for galvanized steel is approximately 300°C.
Possibility of polarity reversal of zinc shall also be evaluated. Zinc layer should not be applied
under insulation.
For bolts, nuts, studs, fasteners and fastening systems, the hot dip galvanizing should be avoided
when in presence of aggressive and corrosive environment, e.g. permanently immersed or
buried structures. In that case alternative coatings, e.g. fluoropolymer layers, shall be selected.
Hot dip galvanizing shall be carried out according to ISO 1461 or ASTM A 123 and ASTM A 153.
The amount of applied zinc shall be 700 g/m² and however no elements must have less than
600 g/m², unless otherwise specified.
All gratings, stair steps and handrails shall be hot dip galvanized only after all cutting, fabrication
and welding operations have been completed.
Galvanized elements designed to be permanently welded to structures shall be assembled after

the support components have been primed, but before application of subsequent coats. The
surfaces affected by weld heat shall be abrasive blast cleaned according to standard SSPC-SP
10 and coated with one coat of zinc rich primer.
Metallic gratings shall be hot dip galvanized according to standard ASTM A 392.
Surfaces hot dip galvanized shall be coated only if required, as specified in the related Paint
System Sheets and/or Appendixes enclosed.
All surfaces and components for which the application of “Thermal Spray Coating” (Metalizing)
is required, shall be prepared according to the provisions specified in 29004.ENG.CPI.STD and
and ISO 2063.
For specific uses such as Dry Air Tanks for instrument feeding or methanol tanks, the application
of an internal layer (lining) of stainless steel by High Velocity Thermal Spray can be an effective
alternative to the use of massive SS for tank construction or HDG or Inorganic zinc silicate.

Pag. 24 of 61
5. PASSIVE FIRE PROTECTION
5.1 GENERAL
This Section of the Specification defines the minimum requirements for the application of
intumescent Passive Fire Protection (PFP) to be installed on areas, piping and elements detailed
in the relevant Project Specification.
The PFP material and the application method of the system shall be approved by competent
authority. The Contractor shall submit in advance to the Company all necessary documentation
attesting that all components, materials, procedures and tests for the manufacture and supply
of the PFP materials meet the requirements and the rules issued by competent authorities.
In any case compliance with the safety and other requirements of competent authorities and
bodies is mandatory.
The PFP system should be designed to be capable maintaining the fire performance over the
design life of the structure specified within the Project Specification with minimum maintenance
of the structures and components. In this regard, test data, relevant certification and track
record of use of the proposed systems in similar environmental conditions (both offshore and
onshore) to support the proposed PFP system’s ability to satisfy the requirements of the project
shall be submitted to the Company.
5.2 SCOPE
The PFP systems are generally installed on steel support and structural elements of process
equipment, vessels and piping. Their scope is to limit, in case of fire, the steel temperature to
the value of 538°C in order to ensure the integrity of the structure. The PFP system can be
installed as well as to process vessel containing hazardous substances (e.g. GPL and equivalent
substances) to reduce the correlated specific risks such as for example the BLEVE – FIRE BALL
and resulting domino effects.
The factors that shall be considered for the selection of the proper PFP systems are as follows:
a. Load and risk of fire (quantity of hydrocarbon, temperature, volatility and leakage
probability);
b. Equipment subject to high risk of fire (e.g. pumps, compressors, furnaces, etc.);
c. Containment and disposal of possible hydrocarbon leakages from the source;
d. Automated shutdown systems of the plant and/or unit;
e. Interception remote control systems and/or discharge and emergency ventilation
of equipment;
f. Lay out of the units, equipment and structures;
g. Equipment’ accessibility (obstruction, irradiations, smokes);
h. Response time in emergency situations of the plant’s personnel and firefighting
team;
i. Density of cooling water used in fixed and or portable extinguishing systems;
j. Reliability and redundancy of firefighting systems ;
k. Availability over the time of water supply;
l. Particular risks, e.g. radioactive sources, substances and materials reacting with
water, water-soluble materials, etc.
Pag. 25 of 61
5.3 TYPES OF FIRE
This specification refers to the following types of fire:
• “H” Class: Hydrocarbon Fire

• “J” Class: Jet-Fire.
5.4 PFP MATERIALS AND APPLICATION
5.4.1 Materials
All PFP materials shall satisfy the requirements of this Specification.
As general rule the PFP material shall consist of an intumescent epoxy mastic or alternative
polymer. The PFP layer can be reinforced with an approved mesh system.
The PFP system shall be tested at recognized independent laboratory with proven experience in
standards and tests related to hydrocarbon fire.
Before any type of PFP system application the “Type Approval” certificate issued by competent
authority, shall be submitted to the Company.
Furthermore, the materials shall be tested and pre-qualified by independent laboratories

according to the following procedures and standards:
a. NORSOK M-501 Rev. 6 (System 5a), tested without topcoat. Where these systems
are applied directly to the process equipment substrate, only primer systems pre-
qualified under System 5a of standard NORSOK M-501 Rev. 4 or 5 will be
accepted.
b. Underwriter Laboratories (UL) Environmental Test Program and provide written

confirmation that products are subject to the “UL Follow Up program, or
c. Test to be conducted in accordance with UL Underwriter Laboratory fire curve and

certified by third party.
d. Documented evidence that water absorption is less than 4% on Norsok M-501, 6

month cycling ageing test, or 90 day immersion.
The PFP system shall be compatible with the application of top coat as specified by the Company.
The PFP system is required to be suitable for application to exposed surfaces of structural
elements, vessel, piping, valves, actuators, flange etc. and shall be appropriate for continuous
service in the following conditions:
• Humidity: up to 100% in highly saliferous conditions, average value 82%,
• Fire deluge: deluge with seawater from the fire protection system with an
application rate of up to 20.4 l/m²/min.
The PFP system shall be unaffected by exposure to water (water deluge and/or fire water hoses).
It shall also be resistant to general chemical and hydrocarbon damage should the material
accidentally come into contact with these substances.
Pag. 26 of 61
5.4.2 Approvals and certifications
The PFP system shall be supplied with Third Party issued “Type and Fire” certificates only;
reports, project specific testing may only be allowed with the Company’s approval provided in
accordance with API RP 14G. Therefore Contractor shall provide the data required and obtain a
certificate of conformity.
All certificates shall be appropriate for the specific application identified. In particular the
certificates of “Type Approval” must be provided for the following:
• “Type Approval” certificates appropriate to type of structure or item being

protected.
• “Type Approval” certificates for the appropriate type of fire the PFP system is
expected to withstand (hydrocarbon pool fire, Jet Fire or combination of both)
detailing additional thickness required to withstand the effects of jet fire.
• In the case of Jet Fire Contractor shall produce approval to the standard ISO
22899-1. Furthermore Contractor shall demonstrate in writing the material
erosion factor required to withstand heat flux of 250 Kw.
• “Type Approval” certificates showing thickness of PFP system to be used, duration

of fire protection and critical steel temperature limit in accordance with Project
Specification and Approved by the Company.
5.4.2.1 Tests for hydrocarbon pool fires

Hydrocarbon pool fires are defined as a turbulent diffusion fire burning on a pool of liquid
involuntarily spilt on to an open surfaces and collected on flooring proof surfaces both on the
ground and on upper level or into restricted surfaces of the same level. The PFP systems shall
be tested and certified according to standard ISO 834-3.
5.4.2.2 Test for jet fires

The liquefied gasses under pressure do not normally form liquid pools as a result of accidental
release but they disperse as a jet of liquid aerosol or vapor. This type of releases unlikely leads
to liquid pools. Similarly the vapor releases disperse like jets. The trigger of a liquid aerosol or
of vapor jet can lead to a jet fire with high radiation intensity. The flames length and width of
the jet vary according to the upstream pressure of the release, the size and geometry of the
hole as well as the wind speed if present.
Additionally, the velocity and turbulence of the jet may be highly erosive on certain PFP system.
These effects may lead to rapid and intense localized damages and subsequent knock-on effects
such as structural collapse, loss of containment and escalation.
Although all hydrocarbon fires produce a high heat flux, overall, the jet fire has potentially the
greatest impact due to the combined heat fluxes and erosive effects. Therefore it represents the
most severe fire scenario that a PFP system could be required to resist.
The PFP system shall be tested and approved in accordance with standard ISO 22899-1 and OTI
95 634.

Pag. 27 of 61
5.4.3 Surface preparation
The surface preparation shall be in accordance with the requirements listed in Chapter 7 of this
Specification and in particular:
1. Degreasing: as per standard SSPC-SP 1

2. Steel imperfection: Grade P2 of standard ISO 8501-3
3. Water soluble salts: ≤5 µg/cm2 for CS and ≤2 µg/cm2 for SS and other metals
and alloys
4. Abrasive blasting of carbon steel: according to standard SSPC-SP 10 (Sa 3 ISO
8501-1) with surface profile of 50 – 85 µm.
5. Abrasive blasting of aluminium, SS and HDG: according to standard SSPC-SP 7/SP
16 in order to produce a surface profile as follows
i. • Aluminium: 75 – 100 µm
ii. • Stainless steel 35 – 50 µm
iii. • HDG 25 µm max
For aluminium and stainless steel substrate non-metallic abrasive shall be used.
Power tool clearing may be used only to abrade plastic substrate only and to clean or abrade
surfaces requiring repair work. In no circumstances power tool cleaning shall be used for the
surface preparation of any metallic substrate.
5.4.4 PFP Application
The PFP systems are listed in the Specification 27591.ENG.CPI.STD with system number 013
and 014.
Type and DFT of the primer shall be approved by the PFP material manufacturer. The written
approval shall be submitted to the Company before commencement of the primer’s application.
The adhesion of the primer shall be in any case not less than 10 MPa measured with hydraulic
instrument (PAT) in accordance with standard ASTM 4541.
When the structure or components to be fireproofed have an operating metal temperature in the
range of 80 e 150°C, a suitable and compatible thermal insulation material, approved by the PFP
manufacturer, shall be installed between the substrate and the PFP system so that interface
temperature is kept at 80°C or less.
In order to assure that the char formed during fire exposure remains in place to insulate the
substrate, a mesh reinforcement shall be installed during PFP application. The mesh
reinforcement shall be installed at mid-depth of total PFP system thickness and selected in
accordance with the requirements of competent authority.
PFP thickness shall be fully in accordance with the certified design class of surface to protect as
defined by the Project Specification.
The tolerance of the average PFP system thickness shall be in the range of 0 and +2 mm.
The PFP shall be applied in accordance with the recommendations and instruction reported in
PDS published by the manufacturer and approved by Company including mixing equipment,
application method, curing and inspection, method for measuring wet and dry thickness, repairs.
Pag. 28 of 61
All working steps (substrate conditions, surface preparation, primers, application, topcoats, etc.)
shall be inspected and accepted by the PFP manufacturer.
Contractor shall demonstrate that both its company and the personnel who will be directly
involved on the project as well as the specialized equipment intended to be used, are certified
by the Manufacturer of the proposed PFP system.
A detailed ITP prepared by the Contractor shall be submitted to the Company for approval before
commencement of the work. This shall include all the working steps, without exceptions, of the
PFP application.
Once that the PFP is cured, and before the application of topcoat, the thickness shall be checked
to verify the conformity with the specified requirements. For this purpose holes, which frequency
and number shall be clearly specified in the ITP and approved by the Company, shall be drilled
down to the substrate. The holes shall be marked and filled with fresh material immediately after
the readings. Where feasible, ultrasonic techniques may be used as an alternative to verify the
thickness of the coating.
On horizontal surfaces and cavities, adequate water drainage shall be ensured. Areas, which are
difficult to access for spraying of PFP, shall be boxed, to the possible extent, before the
application of the PFP.
5.4.5 PFP Repairs
The damaged area shall be removed and the edge around the area shall be cut back to solid
materials. Adequate overlap with existing reinforcement shall be ensured. If the area is greater
than 0,025 m2, the mesh shall be replaced and secured to the substrate. If the corrosion
protection is damaged, the area shall be abrasive blast cleaned according to standard SSPC-SP
10 and coated as originally specified.

Pag. 29 of 61
6. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR SHOP OR ON SITE PAINTING
All surface preparation and coating application shall not be executed on operational piping lines,
unless specifically approved by the company.
6.1 PAINT AND COATING MATERIAL
All coating and painting materials shall be in accordance with the Paint System Sheets reported
by Eni 29006.ENG.CPI.STD and Eni 27591.ENG.CPI.STD and with Company’s color standards.
Deviation from the present requirements can be allowed by the Project Specification only for
items like rotating/electrical/instrumental equipment if general requirements of 3.2.3 are
respected.
All materials forming a paint system shall be of the same Paint Manufacturer.
In case the paint system is applied on a shop-primer, this could be of different Paint
Manufacturer. The Paint Manufacturer supplying the paint system shall confirm the complete
compatibility of his paints applied on the shop-primer produced by different Paint Manufacturer
All coating materials shall be supplied to the work site in their original unopened and clearly
identified containers, bearing readable labels of the Paint Manufacturer and clearly reporting the
following information:
1. Commercial name of the coating material,

2. Name of Paint Manufacturer,
3. Colour,
4. Batch number of each components (Part A – Part B),
5. Date of manufacture.
6.2 COATING MATERIAL STORAGE AND PRESERVATION
All coating materials and thinners shall be properly stored in the Contractor’s facility following
the instructions of the paint manufacturer.
The following minimum requirements must be satisfied:
1. The store shall be appropriately ventilated and comply with provisions law in force
concerning safety and fire prevention;
2. Coating materials (liquid, solid or packaged) shall be kept in their original sealed
and labeled containers or package;
3. Coating materials shall be protected from direct sun, frost and rain, stored in a
thermally controlled store with constant temperature in the range of +15 to +35°C
if not otherwise requested by the product TDS;
4. The coating materials store shall be located at a proper distance from any
significant heat source and from any area where free flames, welding works, and
tools causing sparks are used;
5. Containers and packages shall not be placed nor stored on wet or damp surfaces,
nor in areas where flood can occur;

Pag. 30 of 61
6. All products that become altered for any reason or show the container and/or
package partially or totally destroyed and/or damaged shall be removed from the
store, not used for the coating work and properly disposed of;
7. Coating materials shall be stored and used in a manner that assures that products
are used within their storage limits (shelf-life), and those stored first are the first
used.
6.3 ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITION
Surface preparation shall not be carried out when the steel temperature is less than 3°C above
dew point or when the relative humidity of the air is greater than 85%.
No coatings shall be applied when the steel temperature is less than 3°C above dew point, when
the relative humidity of the air is greater than 85%, or when the air temperature is less than
10°C, excluding those products which are suitable for application at low temperature.
Environmental conditions shall be measured according to standard ISO 8502-4.
In outdoor application, no coating materials shall be applied when there is a likelihood of a

detrimental weather change within two hours after application and/or risk for flash rust.
6.3.1 Ventilation
When the abrasive blast cleaning is carried out in confined spaces, the Contractor shall install a
suitable and sufficient ventilation and extraction system to allow a good visibility of the
operators. The ventilation system and trunking should be arranged to minimize or eliminate
“dead spaces”.
Suitable and sufficient ventilation shall be maintained during the application of paint or other
material and continues whilst solvent is released from the paint film during drying. The
ventilation system shall assure the correct drying of the paint film and shall prevent the vapor
concentration exceeding 10% of the Lower Explosive Limit (LEL).
6.3.2 Dehumidification
When coating works are performed in confined spaces (tanks, vessel, closed rooms, etc.) the
Contractor shall install a dehumidification system suitable to keep the environmental condition
in line with the requirements of the Specification and in any case at 40-60% of relative humidity
independently from the variation of environmental condition on the exterior.
As far as possible the recommendations reported in the standard SSPC-TR 3/NACE 6A192 shall
be followed.
6.3.3 Protection
The Contractor shall supply all necessary weather protection and any other equipment to ensure
that the work is carried out in accordance with the Project Specification and to the production
schedule agreed with the Company.

Pag. 31 of 61
The Contractor shall protect all equipment and structures and any other areas in order to avoid
damages caused by surface preparation and coatings application.
6.3.4 Scaffolding, staging and accessibility
Whatever fixed or not, scaffolding or staging shall comply with the applicable safety rules.
Fixed staging shall be such that easy and safe access will be provided for the correct coating
application and inspection of all surfaces. All staging should be erected so that it will leave a
clear area of at least 30 cm from all surfaces to be cleaned and coated and 2 m between each
level.
Staging layout shall be such that tubular scaffolding and/or wood planks do not mask surfaces
to be coated and/or prevent the correct execution of the paintworks.
All open ends of tubular scaffolding erected shall be plugged to prevent access of abrasive
material, powder and dirt.
The staging shall not be removed before final inspection and required tests of the surfaces have
been performed.
During de-staging any damages to the coated surfaces shall be avoided. Any damage occurred
shall be repaired according to the repair procedure provided by the Specification.
For repairs and touch up but also for standard surface preparation and painting application, the
rope access with certified operators, should be considered as an effective alternative to
scaffolding.
6.4 DESIGN AND STEEL IMPERFECTIONS
During the design and the construction of metallic components, the basic criteria listed in
standard ISO 12944-3 shall be taken in due consideration.
As far as possible, contact of different metals shall be avoided. In case, due to the unavoidable
design requirements, the contact cannot be avoided, a suitable insulated material (Teflon or
similar) shall be installed between the different metals. This includes pipes and related supports,
bolts, clips, etc. installed in permanent or intermittent immersed areas and on external areas.
When SS/HDG is welded to CS, e.g. cable trays on to pipe racks, the CS painting shall be
extended to the SS/HDG surface for at least 50 mm, taking care of avoiding the application of
Zinc based primers on on SS parts.
Thermal insulation, with mineral wool or other thick - water absorbing - insulation layers, for
personnel protection against contact with hot parts, shall be limited and possibly replaced by the
application of liquid thermal insulation coatings, e.g. ceramics.
If a thermal insulation is applied, preference shall be for breathable materials not retaining water
and moisture, e.g. hydrophobic or super hydrophobic materials. The jacketing shall be preferably
of the continuous type, e.g. GRP or nonmetallic.
The construction shall be designed in such a way that it will not interfere with the abrasive
blasting or paint application according to this Specification. No openings, holes, etc. in structural
Pag. 32 of 61
members shall be less than 60 mm in diameter and the distances between structural members
shall be ≥50 mm.
Weldings shall be continuous. In case this is not possible, a sealing agent shall be applied before
painting to avoid water and moisture infiltration. Spot and discontinue welds shall not be
permitted for Grade P3 and P2.
Welding shots, drops and spatters, pores in the weld seams, lamination defects, edges, flame
cuts, fragments and dents or any other foreign object not removed during construction shall be
considered imperfections and therefore shall be removed before surface preparation. Maximum
dimensions of the above imperfections shall be defined by the project Specification, e.g.
maximum diameter of pores in the welding seam.
The steel imperfections detected before, during or after surface preparation shall be removed
with suitable power tools according to the requirements of standard ISO 8501-3 as follows:
• Grade P3: for all surfaces intended to be permanently or intermittently immersed

or buried. Edges from flame or mechanical knife cutting shall be rounded to a radius
of 2 mm and burrs sharp edges removed. Spot and discontinue welds shall be not
permitted on these surfaces.
• Grade P2: for all surfaces exposed to atmosphere. Edges from flame or mechanical
knife cutting shall be adequately rounded by tree passes grinding and burrs sharp
edges removed. Spot and discontinue welds shall be not permitted on these
surfaces.
• Grade P1: for all other surfaces not exposed to aggressive environment and
atmosphere.
The Grade P3 is mandatory for immersion service (IM2 and IM4) or when the required Durability
is higher than 25 years (VH).
For surfaces in areas not subject to climatic control and for which the inspection or surveys are
not possible, the Grade P3 shall apply.
Grade P2 is standard for corrosivity environment C4 or less.
For surfaces in areas subject to permanent climatic control the Grade P1 can be adopted.
6.5 PROTECTION AND MASKING
During the performance of the work, all adjacent surfaces not intended to be painted,
items/structure and sensitive and vulnerable parts such as joints, instruments or rubber/plastic
devices shall be adequately protected with reinforced tape before starting the works. The
protections shall be inspected every day before blasting or paint applications by spray.
6.6 METROLOGY EQUIPMENT
All metrology equipment such as but not limited to, replica-tape, Comparator, Thermo-
hygrometer, Adhesive tape, Dry Film Thickness gauge, ecc. shall be c a l i b r a t e d a n d
controlled. Relative calibration certificates shall be available on site.

Pag. 33 of 61
Quality control equipment calibration shall be verified by the qualified inspector on site in
accordance with relevant applicable standards.

Pag. 34 of 61
7. SURFACE PREPARATION
7.1 SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS
Surface preparation method shall be selected as requested by the project specification and in
accordance with the requirements of Standards SSPC or ISO.
As general rule, all surfaces to be coated shall be cleaned to the specified preparation grade to
obtain a surface that meets the requirements defined in the relevant Appendix and/or Paint
System Sheets and in accordance with the specified SSPC / ISO standard.
Design, steel and welding imperfections shall be treated as required in section 6.4.
Abrasive blasting is the preferred and required method. High pressure water jetting could be
adopted by Contractor provided the complete suitability and adequacy of the coating system to
this method of surface preparation. Power tools are accepted, case by case on Company
approval, for small areas and repairs.
Prior to any surface preparation (abrasive blasting, power tooling, etc.) the following shall be
removed with fresh water washing and/or proper detergent:
1. Any oil, grease, and other fatty materials in accordance with standard SSPC-SP1,
2. Welding flux to obtain surfaces with a pH neutral (6,5 ÷ 7,5) ,
3. Penetrating and contrast fluids used for the non-destructive tests of the welding
seams.
Petroleum, kerosene, diesel oil or other fatty solvents shall not be used.
The surface preparation shall not be performed on surfaces that are moist or may become moist
before application of the scheduled coat.
Cleanliness grade required for blasting is Sa 3 as per ISO 8501-1.
The roughness profile range shall be within the limits given by the TDS of selected products and
anyway as detailed in the enclosed System Sheets and measured in accordance with ISO 8503-
2 (Comparator) or ISO 8503-5 (Replica Tape) or NACE RP0287 (Replica Tape).
Dust contamination shall be as per ISO 8502-3 maximum Grade 2 and maximum Size 2.
At completion of any surface preparation and in any case before application of any coating
material, the maximum acceptable level of water-soluble salts shall be as follows:
1. 1 µg/cm² (10 mg/m²) for CS surfaces permanently or intermittently immersed in

deionized or demineralized water only;
2. 2 µg/cm² (20 mg/m²) for stainless steel surfaces and for carbon steel surfaces
permanently or intermittently immersed;
3. 5 µg/cm² (50 mg/m²) for all surfaces exposed to the above ground environment.
When painting application is performed at the shore coating yard, the check for soluble salts is
required also between the primer layer and the intermediate layer.
Extraction of contaminants from surface shall be done according to standard ISO 8502-6. The
quantitative determination of water-soluble salts shall be performed according to standard ISO
Pag. 35 of 61
8502-9. For determination performed in field, a portable instrument can be used, upon CPY
agreement, in compliance with SSPC Guide 15.
No acid washes or other cleaning solutions or solvent shall be used on surfaces after they are
abrasive blast cleaned. This includes inhibitive washes intended to prevent rusting.
Note: SSPC-SP1, ISO 8501-3 Grade P3 and ISO 8501-1 Sa3 (SSPC-SP5/NACE 1) are mandatory
requirements when the required design life is higher than 15 years before major painting maintenance
work.
7.2 EQUIPMENT FOR ABRASIVE BLASTING
The compressed air supply used for abrasive blasting shall be free of water and oil. Adequate
separators and traps shall be provided and these shall be kept emptied of water and oil and
regularly purged. The control of the compressed air cleanness shall be done according to
standard ASTM D4285.
In no circumstance, compressed air temperature shall be more than 100°C and pressure lower
than 650 kPa measured at the nozzles.
NOTE
Sa 3 is approximately equivalent to SSPC-SP5 /NACE No.1 (White metal blast cleaning)
Sa 2½ is approximately equivalent to SSPC-SP10 /NACE No.2 (Near-white metal blast cleaning)
Sa 2 is approximately equivalent to SSPC-SP6/ NACE No.3 (Commercial blast cleaning)
The visual guide reference comparison would include SSPC-VIS 3 and ISO 8501-1 and 2. For abrasive blasting
it would be VIS 1 or ISO 8501-1 and 2.
7.2.1 Abrasives
All abrasive materials used for blast cleaning shall be dry, clean and free of water soluble salts.
Metallic blast cleaning abrasives shall meet the requirements of ISO 11124 Parts 1 to 4. Tests
and controls shall be done according to standard ISO 11125 Part 1÷7.
Non-metallic abrasives shall meet the requirements of standard ISO 11126 Parts 1÷10,
applicable to the type of abrasive intended to be used. Tests and controls shall be done according
to standard ISO 11127 Part 1÷7.
SSPC-AB1 can be used for abrasive material approval given that the present document requires:
1. Type I or II
2. Any of the classes A, B, C
3. Grade (roughness profile) in conformance with requirement for surface roughness
given in Eni 29006.ENG.CPI.STD Painting System Sheets
For all kind of abrasives, Conductivity measured according to standard ASTM D 4940, shall not
exceed 150 µS/cm (micro Siemens/cm) measured at 20°C and specifically for abrasives to be
used for SS and CRAs the chloride content shall be less than 25 ppm.
Abrasive type and size shall be selected in order to assure the specified profile of the substrate.
7.3 WATER CLEANING/JETTING

Pag. 36 of 61
Usually anything that can be removed by hand tool, power tool or abrasive blast cleaning can
be removed with a stream of high pressure water. Its rate of cleaning is faster than hand and
power tool, however, it does not always remove tightly adhered contamination or scale residues.
Sand / grit injection units or attachments are available that will assist in the removal of extremely
tight coatings and produce surface profiles.
Water cleaning shall be adopted only if approved by the Company and only for those products
that specifically allow this surface preparation method.
NOTE
SSPC-SP WJ-1/NACE WJ-1 Waterjet Cleaning of Metals - Clean to Bare Substrate
SSPC-SP WJ-2/NACE WJ-2 Waterjet Cleaning of Metals - Very Thorough Cleaning
SSPC-SP WJ-3/NACE WJ-3 Waterjet Cleaning of Metals - Thorough Cleaning
SSPC-SP WJ-4/NACE WJ-4 Waterjet Cleaning of Metals - Light Cleaning
Low Pressure Water Washing – pressures less than 350 bar (5,000 psi)
High Pressure Water Cleaning – pressures of 350 – 700 bar (5,000 to 10,000 psi)
Water Jetting – pressures above 700 bar (10,000 psi)
High Pressure Water Jetting – pressures of 700 – 1700 bar (10,000 to 25,000 psi)
Ultra-High Pressure Water Jetting – pressures greater than 1700 bar (25,000 psi)
7.4 POWER TOOL CLEANING
For limited surfaces and after Company approval, power tool cleaning (power disking, needle
gun, Bristle blaster™ or “Scotch-Brite”™) can be performed according to standards SSPC-SP 3
or SSPC-SP 11 and in accordance with surface preparation grade required by the Paint System
Sheets enclosed to the Specification.
NOTE
ISO 8501-1 St 2 is approximately equivalent to SSPC-SP2 (Hand tool cleaning)
ISO 8501-1 St 3 is approximately equivalent to SSPC-SP3 (Power tool cleaning)
SSPC-SP11 which is not totally corresponding with ISO St3 due to the requirement for 1 mil (25,4 microns)
minimum surface profile.
7.5 SHOP-PRIMING
The Contractor, in case of particular yard conditions, procedures and/or other project
requirements, may use shop-primed steel plates, profiles or pipes for the construction of the
various items. The shop-priming shall be performed in accordance with the following
requirements:
1. The surfaces (steel plates, pipes, beams, profiles etc.) shall be cleaned by abrasive
blast cleaning in accordance with standard SSPC-SP 5,
2. Application of one coat of Inorganic Zinc Ethyl-Silicate shop-primer (prefabrication
primer) with DFT of 18 – 20 microns
The shop-primer and the relevant DFT shall comply with the standards, cutting and welding
procedures and shall be approved by the competent authority.

Pag. 37 of 61
The above procedure shall be performed only in shops with automatic equipment both for the
steel grit blasting and for the shop-primer application.
Contractor shall perform all required checks two times per shift and any malfunction of the
equipment and/or working defects shall be promptly corrected and repaired.
The metallic abrasive used shall comply with the requirements listed in item 7.2.1 of the
Specification.
The shop primer layer shall be removed before the application of the painting system, unless
the painting system is designed to be applied on top of the shop primer layer. An adequate
surface cleanliness and profile shall be achieved as required by the PDS of subsequent painting
system Manufacturer.
If the above described surface preparation conditions are not respected, the shop primer shall
be totally removed.
In case the shop primer is left and not removed, evidence of the compatibility of the subsequent
painting system with the shop primer itself shall be given by the painting system Manufacturer.
Adhesion tests shall be performed in order to demonstrate the suitability of the final painting
system.
7.6 SURFACE PREPARATION OF STAINLESS STEEL AND SPECIAL ALLOYS
In no case carbon steel grit/shot material shall be used for abrasive blast cleaning of stainless
steel and special alloys.
Stainless steel structures and components, in case of any painting application is required, shall
be carefully inspected before their installation and before any surface preparation.
Any damages noticed on the structures and components shall be immediately notified by the
Contractor to the Company, which shall provide instructions for repairs or disposal of the
damaged structures and components.
In particular, handling shall be carried out with particular care and precautions shall be
implemented to avoid ferrous contamination of the stainless steel structures and components.
Furthermore the handling shall be accomplished using suitable equipment to avoid damages and
contaminations of the surfaces.
The surface preparation of stainless steel and special alloys shall be performed only when these
surfaces have to be coated basing on the project specification. In this case abrasive blasting will
be executed with the only purpose to rough the metallic surface according to the requirements
of the provided paint system. SSPC-SP 16 might be used. The surface profile shall be measured
according to standard NACE RP0287/ISO 8503-5.
7.7 SURFACE PREPARATION OF HOT DIP GALVANIZED STEEL
All steel surfaces hot dip galvanized, in case of any painting application is required, shall be
cleaned as follows:
1. cleaning and degreasing according to standard SSPC-SP 1,

Pag. 38 of 61
2. galvanizing defects and anomalies shall be removed by power and/or hand tooling
paying attention to not completely remove the zinc layer;
3. measurement of galvanizing thickness according to standard ASTM A 123 or ASTM
A 153. Any item falling below the required zinc thickness shall be repaired
according to standard ASTM A 780;
4. galvanized surface shall be roughen by abrasive sweep or brush blasting according
to ASTM D 6386 or, as alternative, with other method reported in the standard
ASTM D 6386, approved by the Company;
5. SSPC-SP 16 should be used.
The surface preparation of hot dip galvanized steel shall be performed only when these surfaces
have to be coated basing on the project specification.
Other type of galvanizing, e.g. electro deposition/electroplating, cannot be blasted without

removing the zinc layer. In these cases the surface preparation shall be defined by the project
specification.
7.8 SURFACE PREPARATION OF SHOP-PRIMED STEEL
If the applied shop primer is qualified part of the painting system and has to be coated, all shop-
primed surfaces shall be cleaned by high-pressure fresh water washing (approx. 20 MPa) and
simultaneously scrubbing with stiff brush, if necessary, to remove zinc salt, chalk marks and
other contaminants.
All damaged areas, included but not limited to weld seams, cut and shop-primer decay shall be
cleaned according to the grade reported in the relevant Paint System Sheets and repaired by
application of an epoxy primer. If required by the relevant Paint System Sheets the shop-primer
shall be blasted off and the surface cleaned according to the required preparation grade.

Pag. 39 of 61
8. PAINT AND COATING APPLICATION
8.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
The surface preparation and painting of stainless steel, CRAs and hot dip galvanized steel, usually
left uncoated, shall be performed only when these surfaces have to be coated due to specific
service conditions, protection from ferrous contamination and basing on the project
specification’s requirements.
As general rule, use of paints containing zinc is not allowed on stainless steel and CRAs. When
SS/HDG is welded to CS, e.g. cable trays on to pipe racks, the CS painting shall be extended to
the SS/HDG surface for at least 50 mm with the exception of primer/intermediate metallic
Zinc on SS structures..
All the layers of the painting system should be of the same Manufacturer. When coated materials
are delivered on site only primed, to be finished with further layers of paint from different
sources, a compatibility test, e.g. a 1 m2 patch, shall be performed as PQT and results, see tab.
1 for reference, reviewed by Company for approval.
Before the application of each coat, all surfaces shall be dry and free of rust, grease, oil, dust,
water soluble salts, flash rust and any other foreign material.
All residues and dust of the fabrication shall be carefully removed. Dust contamination shall
comply with rating 2 class 2 (or better if required by the Project Specification) of standard ISO
8502-3.
Paints and coating materials shall be applied to the abrasive blast cleaned surfaces before any
oxidation appears. Surfaces that show visible oxidation or deterioration shall be re-blasted to
the required grade.
Coating application shall be done according to recommendations reported in the PDS of each
paint and according to the requirements of this Specification; special attention shall be paid to
the following factors:
1. only the specified thinners and the related instruction for dilution shall be used,
2. all coating materials shall be thoroughly mixed and stirred with a power mixer for
a time sufficient to thoroughly remix the pigments and vehicles and, for two
components products, the base with curing agent,
3. for each coat, minimum and maximum overcoating time shall be fully applied,
4. during drying, as well as during application, the instruction regarding ventilation
of closed spaces shall be strictly followed,
5. application equipment.
Finishing colors in Appendices are to be regarded as mandatory requirements for above water
uninsulated/unfireproofed external surfaces only.
In order to make easy the paint application and further checks, the colors of intermediate coats
forming a paint system shall be of contrasting color.
Any conflicts between PDS and this Specification shall be submitted to the Company for approval.

Pag. 40 of 61
8.2 SPRAY APPLICATION
Equipment and components recommended by Paint Manufacturer and reported in PDS shall be
used.
8.3 STRIPE COATING
Before spraying, at least primer and intermediate layers of a paint system, all areas as: corner,
edges, welds, bolts, nuts, stiffeners, difficult-to-reach-areas, etc. shall be pre-coated by brush
(stripe-coated) to ensure that they at least the minimum specified film thickness. The colors of
each stripe-coat shall be different from the previous coat.
8.4 BRUSH APPLICATION
Brush application may be used only under the following circumstances:
1. When the areas cannot be properly coated by spray,

2. For stripe-coat application,
3. In case where the spray application may affect equipment or persons of the
working area,
4. For touch-up or small repairs to damaged areas.
8.5 ROLLER APPLICATION
Use of roller will not be allowed for application of any zinc rich primer and of first coat of the
paint system. The roller should be used, subject to Company approval, only for top-coat
application when thickness less than 40/50 µm is required.
8.6 WET FILM THICKNESS (WFT) AND DRY FILM THICKNESS (DFT)
In order to achieve the specified DFT, the CONTRACTOR shall perform frequent checks of the
WFT.
The measurement of DFT, including calibration and acceptance criteria, shall be performed
according to standard ISO 19840 with the following integration to the acceptance criteria. For
the measurement the “90/10” rule shall be implemented, namely 90% of all measurements shall
be greater than or equal to the NDFT and none of the remaining 10% measurements shall be
below the 90% of NDFT. The average of all DFT measurements taken shall be not less than the
specified NDFT.
Over-thickness shall be avoided and in any case shall not be greater than 50% of the NDFT
specified for each coat. For inorganic zinc the maximum thickness shall be defined by the
Manufacturer representative and reported in the relevant PDS.
DFT higher than +50% of NDFT can be accepted only if qualified at PQT, by a specific application
and all related testing.
WFT thickness readings will be taken as much as deemed necessary; no limitations are
applicable.

Pag. 41 of 61
DFT shall be checked for each coat of the paint system.
At least 30% of reference areas defined at pre-job meeting or after it, shall be inspected for
DFT.
Tank internals shall be inspected for 100% of coated surfaces as well as for all the critical areas
predefined.
8.7 REPAIR OF DEFECTS
The Contractor shall repair all coating defects and damages that will occur during the
construction or at its completion.
Products used for repair of defects and damages shall be supplied by the same Paint
Manufacturer of the original paint system. If this is not possible, a compatibility test shall be
performed by applying a patch of repair material and performing an adhesion test. Results shall
be in compliance with requirements of the present specification or higher.
Any repair shall be performed according to the instructions listed in the PDS published by Paint
Manufacturer. Failing or for better explain the instructions, the criteria reported in the following
sections shall apply.
All damages occurred to previous coats shall be repaired before application of the next one and
before the final acceptance of the Company.
Surfaces coated with inorganic zinc primer shall not be touched-up with the same product, but
shall be repaired using another product suggested by the Paint Manufacturer and approved by
the Company.
Surface preparation activities shall be performed with materials and tools compatible with the
metal support, e.g. SS compatible abrasives/tools on SS.
8.7.1 Inadequate coating thickness
In case an inadequate coating thickness is detected, investigation shall start in order to define
which of the layers is faulty. If the primer is defective, the total coating shall be removed and
reapplied. In case the failure is in the intermediate or finishing layers, all areas with inadequate
coating thickness shall be thoroughly cleaned, if necessary, abraded and additional compatible
coats applied until they meet the specified thickness. These additional coats shall not be visible
on the final coating and on adjoining areas.
8.7.2 Overthickness
In case an over thickness (>50% of required DFT) is detected, investigation shall start in order
to define which of the layers is faulty. The paint manufacturer shall be consulted in order to
define the corrective action.
8.7.3 Contaminated Surfaces

Pag. 42 of 61
Surfaces to be over-coated, which have become contaminated by grease, oil, fatty materials and
any other foreign material shall be cleaned and degreased according to the standard SSPC-SP
1.
8.7.4 Coating damages not exposing bare steel
The coating around the damaged area shall be feathered using sandpapering or rotary disking.
The re-cleaning shall be extended, not less than 50 mm, to undamaged surrounding surfaces in
order to assure film continuity. The complete specified paint system shall be applied on the
cleaned area.
8.7.5 Coating damage exposing bare steel
Damaged areas shall be cleaned by abrasive blasting or power tooling as required by the original
grade of cleaning.
8.7.5.1 Damage of small dimension

Any damaged areas less than 200 x 200 mm shall be cleaned at least by power tooling according
to standard SSPC-SP 11 and coated with the original specified paint system.
Surface preparation shall be extended not less than 50 mm to the surrounding sound coating
and the edges properly fathered.
8.7.5.2 Damage of medium dimension

Any damaged areas less than 1 m2 shall be cleaned by abrasive blasting according to standard
SSPC-SP 10 and coated with the original specified paint system.
Surface preparation shall be extended not less than 50 mm to the surrounding sound coating
and the edges properly fathered.
8.7.5.3 Extensive damage

The damaged areas shall be considered extensive in the following instances:
1. When the surface affected by damages is greater than 1 m2,

2. When the extension of the damages of small and/or medium dimension, is greater
than 5% scattered or greater than 10% localized of the coated area.
In this circumstances the complete areas shall be re-blasted and re-coated as originally provided
by the Specification.

Pag. 43 of 61
9. SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
9.1 GENERAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS
The Company, in consideration of its policy for Safety and Environmental protection, forbids the
use of any coating material containing tar and any abrasive material considered hazardous to
health for the operators.
The Contractor shall be aware and observe the rules, laws and regulations on health, safety and
environmental protection applicable to his premises, or in the country where the works are
performed.
All coating materials, solvents, curing agents, etc. shall report on their containers, data required
by local laws and rules, and shall be accompanied by the related Material Safety Data Sheets.
9.2 SPECIFIC SAFETY REQUIREMENTS
Safety requirements must be carefully observed during handling and application of each coating
according to Material Safety Data Sheets and Product Data Sheets published by Coating
Manufacturers.
Special attention is to be given to the following items:
• Mixing and handling of coating material shall be performed in areas that are not
judged to be dangerous and where air can circulate freely;
• Blast cleaning abrasives shall not be harmful to operators' health;
• Storage of coating material shall be done as reported in item 6.2 of this
Specification;
• Disposal of residual materials (spent abrasives, coating materials, solvent, etc.)
shall be performed fully in accordance with rules, regulations and laws in force in
the country where the coating work is performed.

Pag. 44 of 61
10. REQUIREMENTS FOR QC MANAGEMENT AND QUALIFICATION PROCESS
10.1 GENERAL
Contractor shall comply with all requirements for Quality Management and Quality Assurance
that are defined in the applicable “Quality Specification” attached to the invitation to bid.
The Contractor shall be qualified by the Company for each painting system, by:
• the approval of an Application Procedure Specification (APS). An APS can be

inclusive of several and similar painting systems, see 10.1.1,
• the validation of the APS through a Procedure Qualification Trial (PQT) to
demonstrate the proper application, see 10.5.2 and Tab. 1.
The PQT shall be performed according to an approved Inspection and Testing Plan (ITP), see
10.1.2. If the Contractor has been already qualified or it has passed a PQT for a previous project,
the repetition of a new PQT can be waived, based on Project Management decision.
The Applicator shall carry out and report the painting qualification in accordance with the
requirements. The test report shall contain the results of the qualification tests and
requirements.
10.1.1 Application Procedure Specification
Based on requirements of the “Project Specification” the Contractor shall prepare an APS
(Application Procedure Specification) in which methods concerning each work and activity (e.g.
abrasive blasting, coating application, cleaning, coating system selected, inspections, etc.) shall
be described in detail.
The APS shall be prepared by the Contractor and made based upon the coating Manufacturer’s
TDS, SDS and application instructions.
Before coming into force, the “APS” shall be approved by the Company.
Once approved, the APS shall not be changed without prior written authorization of the Company.
The responsibilities shall be clearly described between all involved parties.
The APS shall be painting system specific or related to similar systems.
The APS shall cover all items associated with quality control as defined in this specification.
All painting work, testing and inspection shall be carried out according to the APS.
The application procedure shall address at least the following, as applicable:
a. painting material identification

b. tools, consumables, and equipment required to apply the coating system;
c. equipment set up and calibration
d. approved solvents or other cleaning agents to be used to clean the steel and
adjacent anticorrosion coating prior to surface preparation;

Pag. 45 of 61
e. surface preparation of the support (including final surface profile, materials and
surface contamination mitigation);
f. surface preparation of existing anti-corrosion coatings (e.g., cutback, bevel,
repairs and precaution measures, when necessary);
g. compatibility with existing painting;
h. substrate temperature range for surface preparation, application and cure;
i. ambient conditions considering dew point temperature at the surface to be coated;
j. painting mixing , pot life and thinning procedures;
k. painting thickness range;
l. painting application method and equipment;
m. painting curing or cooling schedule and conditions;
n. overcoat time and repair method;
o. time to inspection
p. time to backfill
q. handling and storage requirements for painting materials, including the following,
as applicable:
i. temperature limitations (e.g., freezing, excessive heat);

ii. humidity;
iii. protection from the elements (e.g., snow, rain, sunlight);
iv. protection from contaminants (e.g., dust, water, chemicals);
v. expiration date
vi. protection from physical damage.
10.1.2 Inspection and Testing Plan (ITP)
For the PQT and for production, a dedicated Inspection and Testing Plan (ITP) shall be prepared
by the Contractor and the contents shall reflect all the process items, the items to be inspected
and tested (and frequency) and acceptance criteria as described by the APS.
The following activities, but not limited to, must be listed:
• Description of the activities;

• Identification of coated item and substrate;
• Selected painting system;
• Inspection points for each of the activities;
• Applicable reference documents;
• Applicable check procedures and methods;
• Acceptance criteria;
• Frequency of the checks;
• Remedial actions;
• Persons required to be present at the inspections.
An ITP shall be inclusive or requirement/test frequency for PQT and for painting works.
For some countries the term ITP is replaced by QCP, Quality Control Plan, with the same meaning
and contents as above described.
10.2 PRE-JOB MEETING

Pag. 46 of 61
Before the beginning of the works a pre-job meeting shall be held with attendance of the
representatives of all involved parties (Company, Contractor, Painting Manufacturer,
Subcontractors and Coating Third-Party Inspector). The purpose of the meeting is to clarify and
agree:
1. the production procedures,

2. qualification tests,
3. checks and inspections program,
4. report forms
5. any other necessary requirements to achieve the correct job execution.
APS and ITPs shall be discussed and finalized at pre-job meeting.
10.3 RECEPTION OF PAINTS AND COATING MATERIALS
The Contractor shall ensure that coating materials purchased and supplied comply with the
specified requirements reported in the paint system sheets and if applicable with the relevant
Appendixes.
The Contractor shall keep for at least 3 years the technical and administrative documents related
to the purchase, both those produced by himself and by the Paint Manufacturer.
All coating materials shall be delivered to the job site in their original containers with intact labels
and seals. The containers shall be provided with identifying documents clearly stating their
content and shelf life.
10.4 INSPECTION AND QUALITY CONTROL
10.4.1 Contractor
The Contractor shall nominate in-house inspector responsible for performing quality control
functions according to the Inspection Testing Plan (ITP). The inspector shall have adequate
experience of the specific coating process to inspect and/or to test. A statement reporting the
inspector’s name and the list of the coating work experiences shall be included to ITP when
submitted to the Company approval.
The Contractor’s inspector shall perform all necessary QC checks and tests to ensure that work
complies with the approved ITP and with the specific requirements defined by Company.
Operators shall be qualified to tradesman level as blast-cleaner, painter, applicator etc. The
personnel shall have relevant knowledge of health and safety hazard, use of protection
equipment, coating materials, mixing and thinning of coatings, coating pot-life, surface
requirements etc.
Personnel not qualified to tradesman level, shall document training and experience to the same
level as a formalized tradesman education.
10.4.2 Paint manufacturer
The Paint Manufacturer shall provide technical support whenever work is performed.

Pag. 47 of 61
The Paint Manufacturer representative shall verify that the paintworks are properly performed
and he shall, through visits and inspections as necessary, assure the correct application of the
paint according to the requirements.
10.4.3 “Third-Party” Inspection
In addition to the in-house inspector, the Company shall reserve the right to appoint an
independent third-party inspector, who shall verify and confirm that the execution of every
working step complies with the requirements of the Specification.
The independent third-party inspector shall verify the QC testing carried out by the Contractor,
and prepare written reports that shall be submitted to both Contractor and Company, and to
Paint Manufacturer when requested.
10.4.4 Certification of inspection personnel
All personnel carrying out daily inspection or verification shall have at least 3 years of proven
experience in painting for the Oil & Gas industry and shall be qualified and certified coating
inspector.
Coating Inspectors accepted shall be according to international recognized certification schemes

as:
1. NACE level 2;
2. FROSIO level 2.
Level 2 inspectors are required to shall carry out the daily inspection work. The supervision of
an inspector NACE/FROSIO level 3 is requested for failure analysis, when it is required the
development of written instructions or in case of discussion for coating failure/defects, to be
addressed and solved.
Other qualification/certification schemes, e.g. SSPC, BGas-CSWIP or iCORR, can be accepted

upon agreement of the Company, provided that the requested certification level is respected.
All personnel involved in the surface preparation and painting application process shall also have
adequate and proven experience in the Oil & Gas industry.
Supervisors, foremen or QC personnel involved in application of passive fire protection shall in

addition, be trained and certified according to the procedures of the manufacturer of the passive
fire protective material.
10.5 INSPECTION OF COATING PROCESS
Contractor shall provide a suitable organization, able to perform the following tasks:
• Prepare the APS and ITP, describing in detail the various activities to be
performed, including the proper equipment to be used, an adequate work
environment, compliance with reference standard and rules and with specific
Company requirements;
• Monitor and check the specific characteristics of any coating process as per the
ITP;
Pag. 48 of 61
• Preparing and keeping update all test report and QC documentation.
10.5.1 Preliminary test
Before the start of the coating works the inspections and tests listed in Table 1 shall be performed
and in particular:
• Storage of paints and coating materials;

• Containers and packaging integrity;
• Shelf life validity of paints and coating materials;
• Compliance of all documents (shipping, packing list, marking, PDS, MSDS, etc.).
10.5.2 Procedure Qualification Trial
Before the start of painting works, the Contractor shall demonstrate the ability to perform all
inspections and tests related to the paint or coating system as specified in Table 1.
All the data collected during inspections and tests shall be reported in a proper form.
Two sample plates as described in 10.5.3 shall be prepared for each of the painting systems and
for each of the application operatives (personnel). The use of pipe sections can be acceptable
upon Company agreement.
For all PQT operations:
1) Inspections and testing shall be performed by inspection personnel.

2) Activities will be under responsibility and managed by Contractor/sub-contractor
representative
3) The painting system shall be applied in the presence of the parties and if required
also the paint manufacturer shall be available (es. PFP).
Based on project design structures and in order to full test the personnel capability an articulated
test panels could be required by Company, in detail it should (minimum 1 m x 1 m) containing
at least 1 pipe-end, 2 pipes, 1 angle and 1 flat bar, according to NORSOK M 501 or as described
in the present specification.

Pag. 49 of 61
TABLE 1 – Inspections and tests to be performed during PQT

Item Test Type Method Frequency Acceptance Criteria
1 Preliminary Tests
As per Specification
1.1 Storage of coating materials Visual All batches
requirements See 6.2
1.2 Containers integrity Visual All batches
According to Product Data
1.3 Shelf life Visual All batches
Sheets See 6.2
2 Steel and welding imperfections ISO 8501-3 100%
3 Surface Preparation
3.1 Environmental conditions ISO 8502-4 Before start of PQT
Distilled water
3.2 Welding flux removal 100% pH neutral (6.5 – 7.5)
and litmus paper
Free of oil, grease and other
3.3 Pre-cleaning of surfaces SSPC-SP 1 100%
contaminants.
3.4 Protection of fittings and accessories Visual 100%
3.5 Compressed air ASTM D4285 Before start of PQT Free of oil and moisture
3.6 Abrasive materials Relevant ISO Before start of PQT ≤150 µS/cm a 20°C
Sa 3 and in conformance to final
SSPC-VIS 1
3.7 Abrasive blast cleaning 100% grade specified in the relevant
ISO 8501-1
paint system sheet
St 3 and in conformance to and
3.8 Power tool cleaning SSPC-VIS 3 100%
conform to the grade specified
Conform to final grade specified
3.9 Roughness NACE RP0287 100% in the relevant paint system
sheet
3.10 Dust test ISO 8502-3 100% Conform to rating 2 and class 2
ISO 8502-6
According to the required level
3.11 Water soluble salts ISO 8502-9 100%
See 7.1
SSPC Guide 15
4 Coating Application
Metallic “Comb Methodically during According to PDS for the
4.1 WFT
Gauge” application specified DFT
4.2 Cleaning of each coat ISO 8502-3 Spot Checks (1)
Conform to rating 2 and class 2
DFT of each coat and of complete paint ISO 19840 Rule
4.3 100% requirements See relevant
system 90/10
paint system sheet
4.4 Curing of the inorganic zinc silicate ASTM D 4752 100% Conform to Level 5
ISO 16276-1
To be performed on test panels
4.4 Adhesion ASTM D 4541 100%
Minimum value: 5MPa (2)
TYPE III
No sagging, contaminations,
Visual and orange peel, cracking, blistering
4.5 Visual examination 100% of surfaces
ISO 4628 1 ÷ 6 rust damages and any other
visible defects
NACE RP0188
4.6 Holiday Detection 100% No holidays
NACE RP0274
(1) Extent, number and location shall be defined and agreed during pre-job meeting
(2) 2MPa on Aluminum top coats or level 1 as per ISO 16276-2 (cross cut test) or ASTM D 3359 method A

Pag. 50 of 61
10.5.3 Test during work execution
The Contractor shall perform, during the works progress, all the inspections and tests required
by this Specification and listed in Table 2. The inspections and tests shall be performed as per
approved ITP as well as for the repairs of the damages occurred during the coating process.
Contractor shall prepared 1 set of 3 panels with the dimension of 300x500x5 mm, of the same
material of the components intended to be coated, that shall be cleaned and painted together
with any components, following the same surface preparation, application and paint system
provided for the components or area, using “step method” as reported, for information only, in
Figure 1.
Use of sample panels as per NORSOK M 501 is also acceptable.
All the panels shall be used to carry out the required destructive tests, as detailed in Table 2.
The 3 panels, shall be univocally identified in the presence of the third-party inspector, with clear
reference to the Project and to the specific item. The panels shall be kept at the Contractor
Quality Control office for possible further controls and checks.
All data collected during inspections and tests shall be reported in a proper form.
Figure 2
10.5.4 Inspection during coating works
During coating works and once are finished, the Contractor shall perform all inspection
and tests related to the paint or coating system as specified in Table 2.
All the data collected during inspections and tests shall be reported in a proper form.

Pag. 51 of 61
TABLE 2 – Inspections and tests to be performed during coating works execution

Item Test Type Method Frequency Acceptance Criteria
1 Preliminary Tests
1.1 Storage of coating materials Visual All batches
1.2 Containers integrity Visual All batches
According to Product Data
1.3 Shelf life Visual All batches
Sheets See 6.2
2 Steel and welding imperfections
2.1 Steel imperfections ISO 8501-3 100% of weldings
3 Surface Preparation
Before start of each
3.1 Environmental conditions ISO 8502-4 shift and twice a
day
Distilled water
3.2 Welding flux removal 100% pH neutral (6.5 – 7.5)
and litmus paper
Free of oil, grease and other
3.3 Pre-cleaning of surfaces SSPC-SP 1 100%
contaminants.
3.4 Protection of fittings and accessories Visual 100%
3.5 Compressed air ASTM D4285 Once every Shift Free of oil and moisture
3.6 Abrasive materials ISO 11127-6 Every batch ≤150 µS/cm a 20°C
SSPC-VIS 1
3.7 Abrasive blast cleaning 100% in the relevant paint system
ISO 8501-1
sheet
According to requirements and
conform to the grade specified
3.8 Power tool cleaning SSPC-VIS 3 100%
in the relevant paint system
sheet
3.9 Roughness NACE RP0287 Spot Checks (1)
in the relevant paint system
sheet
3.10 Dust test ISO 8502-3 Spot Checks (1)
Conform to rating 2 and class 2
ISO 8502-6
According to the required level
3.11 Water soluble salts ISO 8502-9 Spot Checks (1)
See 7.1
SSPC Guide 15
4 Coating Application
Metallic “Comb Methodically during According to PDS for the
4.1 WFT
Gauge” application specified DFT
4.2 Cleaning of each coat ISO 8502-3 Spot Checks (1) Max Rating 2 and class 2
100% of surfaces As per Specification
DFT of each coat and of complete paint
4.3 ISO 19840 and as per ISO requirements in the relevant
system
19840 paint system sheet . 90/10 rule
4.4 Curing of the inorganic zinc silicate ASTM D 4752 Spot Checks (1)
Conform to Level 5
ISO 16276-1
100% of sample To be performed on test panels
4.4 Adhesion ASTM D 4541
plates or (1) Minimum value: 5 MPa (2)
TYPE III
No sagging, contaminations,
Visual and orange peel, cracking,
4.5 Visual examination 100% of surfaces
ISO 4628 1 ÷ 6 blistering rust damages and
any other defects
100% for tank
NACE RP0188 internals
4.6 Holiday Detection No holidays
NACE RP0274 (1) for external
areas
(1) Number and location shall be defined and agreed during pre-job meeting
(2) 2MPa on Aluminum top coats or level 1 as per ISO 16276-2 (cross cut test) or ASTM D 3359 method A

Pag. 52 of 61
11. DOCUMENTATION AND REPORTING
11.1 DOCUMENTS TO PRODUCE AT THE BEGINNING OF WORKS
Before to start the activity the Contractor shall submit to the Company the following documents:
• APS, Working procedure;

• Plan and schedule of operation for surface preparation and application of each coat
of the paint system;
• Characteristics of storage area and location where the paint and coating material
will be stored;
• Plan of inspections (ITP) to be performed before, during and after coating
operations;
11.2 DOCUMENTS TO PRODUCE DURING WORK PROCESS
During work progress, the Contractor must keep a working Data Log, which shall be available
any time to the Company, as well as minutes, records and reports required by this Specification.
Furthermore, PDS and MSDS of each product used shall be always available.
11.3 DOCUMENTS TO PRODUCE AT COMPLETION OF WORKS
When work is completed the Contractor shall prepare a final report including following data:
• Surface preparation characteristics;

• Trade name and characteristics of each paint system applied;
• Sequence of the coats applied for each paint system;
• Atmospheric and thermo-hygrometric conditions;
• Inspections and tests performed and the relevant results, including final
acceptance reports;
• Repairs, if any, and corrective actions undertaken.

Pag. 53 of 61
12. APPENDIX A APPLICABLE PAINTING SYSTEMS
Appendix “A” Painting system selection for onshore facilities

Pag. 54 of 61
APPENDIX A
PAINTING SYSTEM SELECTION FOR

ONSHORE FACILITIES
29001.ENG.CPI.STD
Rev 00 – December 2019

Pag. 55 of 61
A.1 SCOPE
This Appendix defines the paint systems that can be applied on different areas of Onshore
facilities and equipment associated with the production of oil and gas.
This Appendix is an integral part of the Functional Specification 29001 ENG.CPI.STD Rev. 0 and
for no reason shall be used separately.
A.2 GENERAL
In following Tables A-1 the various areas of the onshore structures are listed.
For each of them the suitable paint systems are defined basing on the operating temperature
and type of substrate. The operating temperature is the temperature given by the transported
fluids or service conditions.
1. The selection of topcoat color shade shall be made according to the requirements listed
for each area in Table A-2.
2. For helideck landing areas Friction coefficient as per sec. 10.1 of Std. BL 3-5 SLV
(CAP437) shall be provided for the selected system.
3. The final color for painted areas of structures is reported in Tab A2. However it’s depend
on local regulation and legislation and shall be defined in the project specification.
4. Gratings (if galvanized) should be left unpainted unless painting is required by project
specification.
5. Fasteners, bolts, nuts should be coated by fluoropolymer materials (PTFE, ceramic or

others, according to service conditions), optionally to HDG. Fluoropolymer coating is
recommended for buried structures.
6. For all fastening systems it shall be considered that service temperatures can be different
according to the selected coating system:
• Hot dip Galvanized up to 200°C Design Temperature
• PTFE Coated up to 250°C Design Temperature
• Ceramic Coated up to 400°C Design Temperature
7. CS Cable trays shall be painted only if not already protected by HDG. In case of Aluminium
or SS, cable trays shall not be painted except for the first 50 mm from the
welding/fastening to the steel structure, to avoid any galvanic coupling.
8. Valves actuators should be of the same color as the valves, except for local regulation
and legislation and shall be defined in the project specification.
9. Antiskid working areas, walkways or escape ways subject to heat tracing shall have an
antiskid coating as per local regulations and legislations, compatible (temperature
resistance and thickness) with the maximum temperature given by the heating system.
10. Bulk procured components, e.g. bulk valves, to be shop primed at the workshop and
finished by intermediate and top coat application (or top coated only) at site can be
protected by system 009, 010, 030, 031 or 032, according to the service temperature
and type of service, e.g. under insulation. List of compatible zinc silicate
primers/intermediate/top coat paint brands combinations shall be supplied by
Manufacturers. The Polyurethane Top Coat not necessary in case of under insulation
Pag. 56 of 61
surface applications. Use of HDG, inorganic zinc or silicone based materials is not allowed
under insulation.
11. The actuators shall be painted according the relevant fail safe positions:
• ORANGE for Fail Open,
• GREEN for Fail Closed,
• GREY for Stay in position.
The RED color shall be used only for the firefighting applications.
12. The soil to air interfaces (part of buried piping protruding from soil, passing from buried
to atmospheric service), shall be protected against UV, impact, dew, condensation and
humidity as an actual splash area. The length of such a coating (system 003 or 024) shall
be extended from -50 cm to +50 cm at least. Other coatings such as 3LPE or 3LPP, if
present, should be removed and replaced. The soil to air coating shall be overlapped by
the top coat layer of the adjacent above ground piping.
A.3 CODING
The paint systems that can be applied are defined with the following criteria:
1. Internal or external area of the structure, equipment or component,
2. Type of substrate,
3. Minimum and maximum operative temperature.
The different types of substrates, listed in Table A-1, are identify as follows:
• CS: Any type of carbon steel
• SCS: Shop-primed carbon steel
• SS: Any type of stainless steel
• HDG: Hot Dip Galvanized steel
• LA: Light and special alloy (e.g. cupronickel, etc.)
A.4 PAINT SYSTEMS DEFINITION

In the following Table A-1 for each area the applicable paint systems are listed. Where
several systems can be used as alternative, they are indicated by the use of a separator,
e.g. 009/010.
TABLE A-1 – PAINT SYSTEMS FOR ONSHORE FACILITIES
PAINT SYSTEM
OPERATING
ITEM AREA DESCRIPTION SS
TEMPERATURE CS-SCS HDG
If required
1 CHIMNEYS, FURNACES AND GAS CONVEYORS
1.1 External Un-insulated surfaces

1.1.1 External surfaces and equipment ≤120°C 004 012/030 012
> 120°C - ≤ 200°C 007/030/031 030/031 030/031

011/030
> 200°C 007/008/030 N.A.
If required
Ladders, cages, handrails, railings, gratings and other
1.1.2
components ≤120°C 004 N.A. 012
1.1.3 Access platforms and walkways ≤120°C 004 N.A. 012

1.2 External Insulated surfaces ≤ 200°C 009/030/031 010/030/031 N.A.
> 200°C 030 030 N.A.
2 SHEDS / FIXED STRUCTURES

Pag. 57 of 61
PAINT SYSTEM
OPERATING
If required
2.1 Structures
2.1.1 Steel support structures, trusses, curtain walls ≤120°C 004 012 012
2.1.2 Bridge-cranes, gantries, cranes, pier un-loaders,
cable-cars ≤120°C 004 N.A. 012
2.2 Fittings and equipment
2.2.1 Ladders, pipe racks, cable-trays, flashings, gangways

and rails ≤120°C 004 012 012
3 CONTAINERS AND TECHNICAL ROOMS
3.1 External Un-insulated surfaces ≤120°C 004 012 012

3.2 External Insulated surfaces ≤200°C 009/030/031 010/030/031 N.A.
3.3 Internal surfaces :
3.3.1 Walls and ceiling un-insulated ≤ 80°C 016 N.A. N.A.

3.3.2 Walls and ceiling insulated ≤ 80°C 017 N.A. N.A.
3.3.3. Floors bare steel ≤ 80°C 016 N.A. N.A.
3.3.4 Floors below lowest gratings ≤ 80°C 006 N.A. N.A.
3.3.5 Foundations and drip-tray ≤ 80°C 006 N.A. N.A.
4 PROCESS MODULES FOR GAS, OIL AND WATER

4.1 External Un-insulated surfaces
4.1.1 Shell, manholes, skirts, legs, saddles ≤120°C 004 012 012
>120°C ≤ 200°C 030/031 030/031 N.A.

011/030 If
> 200°C 008/030 N.A.
required
4.1.2 Access platforms, walkways ≤ 120°C 004 012 012

Ladders, cages, handrails, railings, gratings and other
4.1.3 ≤ 120°C 004 012 012
components
4.2 External Insulated surfaces
4.2.1 Shell, manholes, skirts, legs, saddles ≤100°C 009/031 010/031 N.A.
>100°C - ≤ 200°C 009/030/031 010/030/031 N.A.
> 200°C 030 030 N.A.

4.3 Wellhead structures and components ≤ 120°C 004 012 012.
5 PIPES WITH SMALL AND MEDIUM DIAMETER, GRIDS AND FILTERS
5.1 Un-insulated surfaces
5.1.1 Pipes, fittings, valves, filters, flanges and separators, ≤120°C 004 012 012
exhausts
> 120°C - ≤ 200°C 007/030/031 030/010/011 030/031
011/030
> 200°C 007/008/030 N.A.
If required
011/030
>400°C 008/030 N.A.
If required
5.1.2 Soil to air interfaces ≤ 120°C 003/024 003/24 N.A.
5.1.3 Firefighting and foam lines ≤ 120°C 004 012 012

Pag. 58 of 61
PAINT SYSTEM
OPERATING
If required
5.1.4 Pipe rack and pipes supports ≤ 120°C 004 012 012
5.2 Insulated Surfaces
5.2.1 Pipes, fittings, valves, filters , separators
≤ 200°C 009/030/031 010/030/031 N.A.
> 200°C 030 030 N.A.

5.3 Grids and Filters
5.3.1 Grids acting as filters for seawater intake pipes and in
≤ 80°C 003 N.A. N.A.
all water suction equipment
6 FLARE TOWER
≥ 200°C 008/030 011/030
N.A.
6.1 Upper elevation N.A.
≥ 200°C Alt. 026 Alt. 026
N.A.
6.2 Intermediate elevation ≤ 200°C 007/030/031 030/031

6.3 Lower elevation ≤ 100°C 004/013 012 004
7 PYLONS AND POLES FOR POWER LINES, LIGHTING EQUIPMENT, RADIO RELAY STATIONS, ETC.
7.1 External surfaces ≤ 100°C 004 012 012
7 HELIDECK
7.1 Helideck structure ≤ 120°C 004 N.A. N.A.
7.2. Helideck landing area (1) ≤ 100°C 015 N.A. N.A.
9 INTERNAL SURFACES
9.1 Technical Room and Working Areas
9.1.2 Walls and ceiling insulated ≤ 80°C 017 N.A. N.A.
9.1.3 Floors bare steel ≤ 80°C 016 N.A. N.A.

9.1.4 Floors below lowest gratings ≤ 80°C 006 N.A. N.A.
9.1.5 Foundations and drip-tray ≤ 80°C 006 N.A. N.A.
9.2 Living Quarters
9.2.2 Walls and ceiling insulated ≤ 80°C 017 N.A N.A

10 TANKS (Internal surfaces)
10.1 Sea water, Waste Water Tanks, Settling Water ≤ 40°C

018 N.A. N.A.
tanks
10.2 Fresh and Drinking Water Tanks ≤ 40°C 019 N.A. N.A.
10.3 Methanol and Alcohol Tanks (no water) ≤ 40°C 022 N.A. N.A.
10.4 Sewage Tanks, Process water ≤ 60°C 020 N.A. N.A.
10.5 Void Spaces ≤ 60°C 006 N.A. N.A.
10.6 Compressed Dry Air distribution ≤ 60°C Not Not
022/028
required required
10.7 Oil tanks ≤ 60°C 021 N.A. N.A.
10.8 Refined products tanks (Diesel, ecc) ≤ 60°C 021 N.A. N.A.
(1) Friction coefficient as per sec. 10.1 of Std. BL 3-5 SLV (CAP437) shall be provided

Pag. 59 of 61
A.5 COLOR SELECTION

Paint systems shall be selected in accordance with project documentation and with enclosed
sheets.
Local regulations for colors must be respected and take precedence over the requirements of
this document.
The colors of the coatings, related to topcoats only, shall allow the identification of the coated
pipe or component, or it shall satisfy aesthetic and homogeneousness requirements. For this
purpose the criteria listed in this Appendix shall apply.
Colour definition refers to the RAL 840 HR Deutschen Normen Auschuss Standard.
All structures, 45 m high over soil level or higher, shall have the upper third painted with orange
and white bands, except, due to the elevate temperatures, the flare tower structures.
A.6 DECORATIVE COLORS FOR ONSHORE FACILITY

The Table A-2, unless otherwise specified during project stage and submitted to the Company
for approval, defines the final colors of structures, equipment and machinery surfaces, included
or installed in onshore facility.
Table A-2 - Decorative Colors for Onshore Facility

APPLICATION COLOUR RAL
Steel structures, stairs and gangways, skid supports and foundations Signal green 6024
Handrails Signal yellow 1003
Pipes for fluids Aluminium 9006
Light Grey 7035
Fire-fighting pipes Red 3020
Hand-wheels and valves operating equipment Black 9017
Cable-trays, explosion proof boxes and cases Blue 5017
Fixed vessels, exchangers, tower and columns Aluminium 9006
Turbines, turbo-compressors, pumps, internal combustion motors Light grey 7035
Tooling machines Light green 6011
Rotating electrical machinery: electric motors, alternators (excluding containers, Blue 5017
transformers, reactors)
Static electrical machines : transformers, reactors Aluminium 9006
Electrical control and protection boards and panel Structures: Light grey 7035
Door: Blue 5017
Daytime air traffic signals Orange 2004
White 9016
A.7 PIPING IDENTIFICATION COLORS
A.7.1 General
In order to help the identification of the fluid and flow direction, the piping installed on the
offshore structures and on process modules shall be identified by application of colored bands,
by means of paint or stickers.

Pag. 60 of 61
The transported fluids in the pipe shall be identified by the combination of a background and a
coding colour according to:
1. HSE indication and local legislation

2. Table A-3.
ISO 14726 can also be used for color coding.
Following notes shall be taken into consideration:
1) The identification colors shall be applied to the exterior of insulated and un-insulated
pipelines.
2) Pipe surfaces, in particular those prepared by equipment manufacturers for corrosion
protection or appearance (e.g. anodized aluminium), non-ferrous parts, or cleaned
with different method, shall not be colour banded.
3) All paint used for colour banding shall be of the same paint system as applied on the
relevant pipelines. When stickers are used colour samples shall be submitted for
approval to the Company one month before application. Stickers have to be suitable
for the onshore operative environment .
4) The above mentioned bands shall be placed where the identification of the fluid is
necessary such as at junctions, at both sides of each valves, service appliance,
Bulkhead and deck/wall penetration, etc.
Table A-3 - Piping identification colors

BACKGROUND RAL CODE
FLUID CODING COLOUR
COLOUR Background Coding Background
Sulphuric acid Violet 4005 Red 3020 4005 3020 4005

Hot water steam condensate Green 6024 Red 3020 6024 3020 6024
Sea water Green 6024 Black 9017 6024 9017 6024
Cooling water Green 6024 Aluminium 9006 6024 9006 6024
Potable water Green 6024 Orange 2004 6024 2004 6024
Produced water Green 6024 Yellow 1003 6024 1003 6024
Air for instruments and services Blue 5017 Red 3020 5017 3020 5017
Aviation gasoline and fuel Yellow 1003 Blue 5012 1003 5012 1023
Gasoline and leaded gasoline Yellow 1003 Blue 5012 1003 5012 1003
Bitumen Black 9017 - 9017
Gas oil Yellow 1003 Brown beige 1011 1003 1011 1003
Drains and Sewage Orange 2004 Black 9017 2004 9017 2004
Treated fuel gas Orange 2004 Green 6024 2004 6024 2004
Gas containing H2S Yellow 1003 Black 9017 1003 9017 6024
Inert gas Blue 5017 Yellow 1003 5017 1003 5017
Gasoline Yellow 1003 Red 3020 1003 3020 1003
Diesel Oil Yellow 1003 Brown beige 1011 1003 1011 1003
LPG (propane and butane) Yellow 1003 Green 6024 1003 6024 1003
O.B.D. – Depression lines Orange 2004 Blue 5017 2004 5017 2004
Methane and untreated natural gas Yellow 1003 - 1003

Pag. 61 of 61
Fuel oil Brown 8016 - 8016

Crude oil Brown 8016 Yellow 1003 8016 1003 8016
Oil Yellow 1003 White 9010 1003 9010 1003
Agricultural use oil Yellow 1003 Brown beige 1011 1003 1011 1003
Foam Red 3020 Green 6024 3020 6024 3020
Basic solutions Inhibition glycol Violet 4005 Green 6024 4005 6024 4005
Steam Red 3020 - 3020

Vacuum Blue 5017 White 9010 5017 9010 5017
A.8 COLORED BANDS FOR PIPING

Piping shall be identified by the application of colored bands (painted or adhesive type)
compatible with the underneath coating as showed in Figure A.1:
Figure A.1


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eni spa 29001.ENG.CPI.

Rev. 00: Actual revision is of 61 pages and 1 Appendix (A).

It includes a general part and one Appendix:

Appendix A: Painting system selection for onshore facilities

29000.ENG.CPI.STD rev00 Painting for offshore and coastal structures

Date: November 2019

Eni personnel can access company standard repository at:

External user shall refer to the Project Engineer Manager.

1. Local Regulations of the Country where the equipment is installed;

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

5.4.2.1 Tests for hydrocarbon pool fires ....................................................... 26

8.7.5 Coating damage exposing bare steel ..................................................... 42

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

1. SCOPE AND FIELD OF APPLICATION

This Specification is not applicable to:

1.2 FIELD OF APPLICATION

This Specification describes the technical requirements to be applied for:

1. Paint systems selection,

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

1.3 REFERENCE STANDARDS

1.3.1 ISO Standards

ISO 834 – Part 3 Fire-resistance tests -- Elements of building construction -

Thermal spraying — Metallic and other inorganic coatings —

ISO 4628 Paints and varnishes – Evaluation of degradation of paint

ISO 8501 - Part 3 Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints

ISO 8502 Part 3 Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints

ISO 8502 Part 4 Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints

ISO 8502 Part 6 Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints

ISO 8502 Part 9 Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

ISO 8503-5 Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints

ISO 11124 Paints and varnishes – Preparation of steel substrates before

ISO 11125 Paints and varnishes – Preparation of steel substrates before

ISO 11126 Paints and varnishes – Preparation of steel substrates before

ISO 11127 Paints and varnishes – Preparation of steel substrates before

ISO 16276-1 Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective paint

ISO 16276-2 Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective paint

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

ISO 16961 Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries –

ISO 19840 Paint and varnishes - Corrosion protection of steel structures

1.3.2 Standards of others Organizations

API RP 14G:2007 Recommended Practice for Fire Prevention and Control on

ASTM A 392 Specification for zinc-coated steel chain-link fence fabric.

ASTM A 780 Specification for repair of damaged hot-dip galvanized

ASTM D 6386 Practices for preparation of zinc-coated galvanized steel

CAP 437 Standards for Offshore Helicopter Landing Areas

NACE RP0287 Field measurement of surface profile of abrasive blast cleaned

Control of Corrosion Under Thermal Insulation and

NORSOK M-501 Surface preparation and Protective Coating. Last rev.

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

RAL 840 HR Deutschen Normen Auschuss

SSPC-SP 1 Solvent cleaning.

SSPC-SP 3 Power Tool Cleaning

SSPC-SP 5 White Metal Blast Cleaning

SSPC-SP 7 Brush-off Blast Cleaning

SSPC-SP 10 Near-White Blast Cleaning

SSPC-SP 11 Power Tool Cleaning to Bare Metal

SSPC-SP 16 Brush Off Blast Cleaning of Non Ferrous Metal

SSPC-TR 3 /NACE Dehumidification and Temperature Control During Surface

SSPC-VIS 1 Visual Standard for Abrasive Blast Cleaned Steel

SSPC-VIS 3 Visual Standard for Power- and Hand-Tool Cleaned Steel

1.3.3 Laws and decrees

Contractor: Is the party accepted by the Company to perform the