OPERATION MANAGEMENT - UTS

Tutor by: Bernita

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 📌 TOPICS OVERVIEW 📌
MATERI UTS
1 - Intro
2 - Quality Management
3 - Product Design
4 - Service Design
5 - Process Design & Facilities
6 - Forecasting
7 - Inventory Management
MATERI UAS
1 - Supply Chain Management
2 - Sales & Operation Planning
3 - Resource Planning
4 - Lean System
5 - Project Management
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 1 - INTRODUCTION
Operations= tranform input jadi output yg menghasilkan greater value
Transformation process= aktivitas dari supplier (raw materials) ke customer (jadi barang/jasa yang punya value) 

A function or system that transforms inputs into outputs of

OPERATIONS greater value, is often defined as a Transformation Process.

OPERATIONS
Design, Operation, and Improvement of productive systems
MANAGEMENT

TRANSFORMATION A series of activities along a value chain extending from

PROCESS supplier to customer

A series of activities from supplier to customer that add

VALUE CHAIN value to a product or service

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TYPES OF TRANSFORMATION PROCESS

● Physical= raw materials to finished goods (manufacturing)

● Locational= transportation / warehouse operations

● Exchange= retail operations

● Physiological= health care

● Psychological= entertainment

● Informational= communication

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OPERATIONS AS A TRANSFORMATION PROCESS

INPUT TRANSFORMATION OUTPUT

Material, Machines, Labor, PROCESS Goods & services
Management, Capital

Feedback & requirements

Contoh: hasil jualan (output) buat improve

input pas produksi berikutnya

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THE OPERATIONS FUNCTION

1. Organizing work
2. Selecting processes
3. Arranging layouts
4. Locating facilities
5. Designing jobs
6. Measuring performance
7. Controlling quality
8. Scheduling work
9. Managing inventory
10. Planning production

Contoh: Finance sediain budget buat operations (panah masuk).

Dari operations, finance bakal dapet production and inventory data (panah keluar) 6
 1 - INTRODUCTION

SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT

management of the flow of information, products, and services
across a network of customers, enterprises, and supply chain
partners

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EVOLUTION OF OPERATIONS & SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT

1. Craft production= handcraft product/service for individual Standardization:

customer
2. Division of labor= divide a job into series of small tasks,
each performed by different worker
3. Interchangeable parts= standardization of parts, mass
production
4. Scientific management= systematic work methods
5. Mass production= high volume production, standardized
product, mass market
6. Quality revolution= quality and strategic role of operations
7. Lean production= adaptation of mass production, quality &
flexibility

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 1 - INTRODUCTION

PRODUCTIVITY
Ratio of output (sales made, products produced, customers served, meals delivered, or calls
answered) to input (labor hours, investment in equipment, material usage, or square footage)

Single Factor Productivity

Multifactor Productivity

Total Factor Productivity

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POSITIONING THE FIRM

Being productive (Lion Air, Air Asia)

COST Waste elimination, examination of cost structure, lean production

Being fast (Mcd, Dell, Zara)

SPEED Fast moves, fast adaptation, tight linkages, immediate response

Being right (Ritz Carlton)

QUALITY Minimize defect rate / conforming to design specifications

Being able to change (Subway, JCO, Sour Sally)

FLEXIBILITY Ability to adjust to changes in product mix, prod. volume or design

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 1 - INTRODUCTION (EXERCISES)

PRODUCTIVITY EXERCISE
A company that processes fruits and vegetables is able to produce 400
canned peaches in one-half hour with four workers.
What is labor productivity?

One and a half hour --> 1.5 jam

One half hour atau half an hour --> 0.5 jam

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 1 - INTRODUCTION (EXERCISES)

PRODUCTIVITY EXERCISE
A wrapping-paper company produced 2,000 rolls of paper one day. Labor
cost per day was $160, material cost was $50, and overhead was $320.
Determine the multifactor productivity!

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 1 - INTRODUCTION (EXERCISES)

PRODUCTIVITY EXERCISE
Compute the multifactor productivity measure for an eight-hour day in which the
usable output was 300 units, produced by 3 workers who used 600 pounds of
materials. Workers have an hourly wage of $20 and material cost is $1 per pound.
It’s also known that the overhead is 1.5 times labor cost

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 1 - INTRODUCTION (EXERCISES)

PRODUCTIVITY EXERCISE
Osborne Industries is compiling the monthly productivity report for its board
of directors. The average labor rate is $15 an hour, and the average machine
usage rate is $10 an hour.

From the following data, calculate:

(a) labor productivity,
(b) machine productivity,
(c) the multifactor productivity of
output per dollars spent on labor,
machine, materials, and energy.

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1 - INTRODUCTION (EXERCISES)

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1. The Bureau of Labor Statistics collects input and output data from
various countries for comparison purposes. Labor hours are the
standard measure of input. Calculate the output per hour from the
following data. Which country is most productive?

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2. Posey Ceramics makes ceramic vases for a chain of department

stores. The output and cost figures over the past four weeks are
shown here. Labor costs $10 an hour, and materials are $4 a pound.
Calculate the:
(a) labor productivity (in $)
(b) material productivity (in $)
(c) multifactor productivity for
each week.

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1 - INTRODUCTION (EXERCISES)

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