Date –

Title- Reaction of acids

Aim – To observe and compare the reactions of ethanoic and hydrochloric acid with various substances

Apparatus Materials / Chemicals

Test tube 1M ethanoic acid

Test tube holder 1M hydrochloric acid

Test tube rack Calcium carbonate

Spatula Copper (II) oxide

Splint Magnesium ribbon

250 mL Beakers Distilled water

10mL measuring cylinder Matches

Sodium hydrogen carbonate

Method

1. Add 5mL of HCl into a test tube

2. Add half of a spatula of copper oxide to the HCl
3. Light a splint and test for any gases evolved
4. Record observations
5. Repeat steps 1-4 using sodium hydrogen carbonate, calcium carbonate and magnesium ribbon
6. Repeat steps 1-5 using ethanoic acid instead of HCl
7. Compare the observations for the reactions involving ethanoic acid and hydrochloric acid

Results / Observations

Table #1 – Observations for the reactions of hydrochloric acid with various substances

Experiment # Chemicals Observations

1 Hydrochloric acid and copper

oxide
 2 Hydrochloric acid and sodium
hydrogen carbonate

3 Hydrochloric acid and

calcium carbonate

4 Hydrochloric acid and

magnesium

Table #2 – Observations for reactions of ethanoic acid with various substances

Experiment # Chemicals Observations

1 Ethanoic acid and copper

oxide

2 Ethanoic acid and sodium

hydrogen carbonate

3 Ethanoic acid and calcium

carbonate

4 Ethanoic acid and

magnesium
Discussion –
Give the definition of acids
State the differences between a strong acid and a weak acid
Give the ionisation equation for hydrochloric acid and for ethanoic acid
For each of the reactions write a balanced chemical equation and compare how each substance
reacted differently with the hydrochloric acid and the ethanoic acid e.g.
Give the equation for the reaction of HCl and CuO and then the equation for ethanoic acid and
CuO, after doing this explain why there was a difference in the reactions.
Give the equation for the reaction of HCl with sodium hydrogen carbonate and then the
equation for ethanoic acid and sodium hydrogen carbonate , after doing this explain why there
was a difference in the reactions ( i.e. mention that HCl was the stronger acid and thus gives the
faster reaction)
Give the equation for the reaction of HCl and calcium carbonate and then the equation for the
reaction between ethanoic acid and calcium carbonate, after doing this explain why there was a
difference in the reactions
Give the equation for the reaction of the hydrochloric acid and the magnesium and then the
equation for the ethanoic acid and the magnesium , after doing this explain why there was a
difference in the reactions.

Explain why a popping sound was heard when a lighted splint was used to test for gases
Explain why a lighted splint out when it was used to test for gases.

Precautions-

Sources of error

Conclusion

Reflection