E Eng-Calculations

Flat ends with a hub for tapered shell for a pair of

openings

eaf
r

DF
Deq
lcyl

es Di

Tapered shell

Values for calculation

Material

bar/EN 10273/P355GH/1.0473/N/1.2/16 < t ≤ 40

Calculation temperature

T 20 °C

Test temperature
 Ttest 30 °C

Calculation pressure

P 1 MPa

Test pressure

Ptest 1.5 MPa

Inside diameter of the cylindrical shell welded to a flat end

Di 1500 mm

Diameter of the flat part of an end with a tapered hub

DF 1350 mm

Analysis thickness of a uniform cylindrical shell, or the equivalent thickness of a tapered cylindrical shell,
adjacent to a flat end

es 30 mm

Analysis thickness of an end with a hub

eaf 50 mm

Inside radius of a hub

r 65 mm

Arithmetic mean of the diameters of the openings or the mean equivalent diameter of the nozzles

d 350 mm

Distance between the centres of the openings

k 600 mm

0.2 % proof strength at temperature T

Rp 0.2/ T 345 MPa

0.2 % proof strength at temperature Ttest

Rp 0.2/ Ttest 336 MPa

1.0 % proof strength at temperature T

Rp 1.0/ T MPa

1.0 % proof strength at temperature Ttest

 Rp 1.0/ Ttest MPa

Tensile strength

Rm /20 510 MPa

Tensile strength at temperature T

Rm / T 510 MPa

Tensile strength at temperature Ttest

Rm / Ttest MPa

Calculation
Maximum allowed value of the nominal design stress for normal
operating load cases
Rp 0.2/ T Rm /20 345 510
fd = min ( , ) = min ( , ) = 212.5MPa
1.5 2.4 1.5 2.4

Maximum allowed value of the nominal design stress for testing

load cases
Rp 0.2/ Ttest 336
ftest = = = 320MPa
1.05 1.05

Length of cylindrical shell

lcyl = 0.5 ⋅ √( Di + es ) ⋅ es = 0.5 ⋅ √(1500 + 30) ⋅ 30 = 107.1mm

Equivalent diameter of an end with a hub

Di + DF 1500 + 1350
Deq = = = 1425mm
2 2

Factor B 1

2 4

3 ⋅ fd es 3 Di P 3 (2 ⋅ Di + es ) ⋅ es 2
3 ⋅ 212.5
B 1 = 1 − ⋅ ( ) + ⋅ ( ) ⋅ − ⋅
3
= 1 −
P Di + es 16 Di + es fd 4 ( Di + es ) 1

2 4
2
30 3 1500 1 3 (2 ⋅ 1500 + 30) ⋅ 30
⋅ ( ) + ⋅ ( ) ⋅ − ⋅ = 0.755
3
1500 + 30 16 1500 + 30 212.5 4 (1500 + 30)

Factor B 1test
 2 4
2
3 ⋅ ftest es 3 Di Ptest 3 (2 ⋅ Di + es ) ⋅ es 3 ⋅ 320
B 1test = 1 − ⋅ ( ) + ⋅ ( ) ⋅ − ⋅
3
= 1 −
Ptest Di + es 16 Di + es ftest 4 ( Di + es ) 1.5

2 4
2
30 3 1500 1.5 3 (2 ⋅ 1500 + 30) ⋅ 30
⋅ ( ) + ⋅ ( ) ⋅ − ⋅ = 0.754
3
1500 + 30 16 1500 + 30 320 4 (1500 + 30)

Factor A 1

es 30
A 1 = B 1 ⋅ [1 − B 1 ⋅ ] = 0.755 ⋅ [1 − 0.755 ⋅ ] = 0.75
2 ⋅ ( Di + es ) 2 ⋅ (1500 + 30)

Factor A 1test

es 30
A 1test = B 1test ⋅ [1 − B 1test ⋅ ] = 0.754 ⋅ [1 − 0.754 ⋅ ] = 0.749
2 ⋅ ( Di + es ) 2 ⋅ (1500 + 30)

Shape factor for calculation of circular flat ends

Di + es es
C 1 = max {[0.40825 ⋅ A 1 ⋅ ] , [0.299 ⋅ (1 + 1.7 ⋅ )]} =
Di Di
1500 + 30 30
max {[0.40825 ⋅ 0.75 ⋅ ] , [0.299 ⋅ (1 + 1.7 ⋅ )]} = 0.3121
1500 1500

Shape factor for calculation of circular flat ends for testing load
cases
Di + es es
C 1test = max {[0.40825 ⋅ A 1test ⋅ ] , [0.299 ⋅ (1 + 1.7 ⋅ )]} =
Di Di
1500 + 30 30
max {[0.40825 ⋅ 0.749 ⋅ ] , [0.299 ⋅ (1 + 1.7 ⋅ )]} = 0.3117
1500 1500

Calculation coefficient Y for opening reinforcement 1

k 600
Y 1 = min {2, √
3
} = min {2, √
3
} = 1.339
k−d 600 − 350

Calculation coefficient Y for opening reinforcement 2

k 600
Y 2 = √ = √ = 1.549
k−d 600 − 350

Minimum required thickness for a flat end with a hub

 P P
e = max {(Y 1 ⋅ ( C 1 ⋅ Deq ⋅ √ )) , C 1 ⋅ Y 2 ⋅ Di ⋅ √ } =
fd fd
1 1
max {(1.339 ⋅ (0.3121 ⋅ 1425 ⋅ √ )) , 0.3121 ⋅ 1.549 ⋅ 1500 ⋅ √ } = 49.76mm
212.5 212.5

eaf ≥ e → 50 ≥ 49.76

 Does suit.

Minimum required thickness for a flat end with a hub for testing
load cases
Ptest Ptest
etest = max {( Y 1 ⋅ ( C 1 ⋅ Deq ⋅ √ )) , C 1 ⋅ Y 2 ⋅ Di ⋅ √ } =
ftest ftest
1.5 1.5
max {(1.339 ⋅ (0.3121 ⋅ 1425 ⋅ √ )) , 0.3121 ⋅ 1.549 ⋅ 1500 ⋅ √ } = 49.66mm
320 320

eaf ≥ etest → 50 ≥ 49.66

 Does suit.

Requirements
r ≥ es → 65 ≥ 30

 Does suit.

r ≥ 1.3 ⋅ eaf → 65 ≥ 65

 Does suit.

d ≤ 0.5 ⋅ Di → 350 ≤ 750

 Does suit.