PAPER

ADVANCED/EXTENSIVE READING SKILL

About
UNDERSTANDING HORTATORY EXPOSITION TEXT

Arranged by:
Group 10

Muhammad Cikal Hanafi 2114050046

Muhammad Dzaki Abiyyu Attaulah 2114050060

Supporting lecturer:
Dr. Arwemi, M.Pd

PRODI TADRIS BAHASA INGGRIS B

FAKULTAS TARBIYAH DAN KEGURUAN
UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI IMAM BONJOL PADANG
2023 | 1444
 FOREWORD

First of all, I thank to Almighty God who has given His bless to the writers for finishing
Text Type's papers assignment entitled "Understanding Hortatory Exposition Text". The
writers also wish to express their deep and sincere gratitude for those who have guided in
completing this paper.
In these papers, writers share about the definition of Hortatory Exposition text, the types
of it, the purpose of it, the generic structure of it, the languange features of it, and the
suggestion in teaching Hortatory Exposition text. Writers wish these papers will help others
to know more about Hortatory Exposition text, especially for us and for all who read. For
the perfection of these papers, writers expect criticism and suggestions from readers as
writers only human who make mistakes.

Padang, 7 June 2023

Writer
 HORTATORY EXPOSITION TEXT

A. Definition of Hortatory Exposition Text

Hortatory exposition text is a genre of writing that aims to persuade or convince
the audience to adopt a specific viewpoint or take a particular course of action. It
presents arguments, reasons, and supporting evidence to support the writer's
position and to encourage the readers to agree or act accordingly.

In hortatory exposition texts, the writer typically presents a clear thesis

statement or proposition in the introduction, followed by a series of arguments that
support the main idea. These arguments are often accompanied by relevant
examples, facts, statistics, or expert opinions to lend credibility and strength to the
writer's viewpoint.

Hortatory exposition texts can be found in various contexts, including opinion

articles, persuasive essays, speeches, advertising, and public announcements. The
goal is to sway the audience's opinions, attitudes, or behaviors by presenting
compelling arguments and appealing to their reasoning, emotions, and values.

Overall, hortatory exposition texts are designed to influence the audience's

beliefs or actions by presenting a well-structured and persuasive argument
supported by evidence and rhetorical techniques.

B. Purpose of Hotatory Exposition Text

The purpose of hortatory exposition text is to convince people to agree with a

certain idea or do something specific. It wants to change their minds or actions
about a particular topic. The writer tries to give good reasons and make a strong
argument to support their point of view.

The text may want people to support a social or political cause, follow a
particular lifestyle, support a certain policy or solution, or change their opinions or
actions. The writer uses different techniques to persuade, like using logical reasons,
appealing to emotions, giving evidence and examples, and using expert opinions.

Overall, the purpose of hortatory exposition is to make people agree with the
writer and encourage them to take action or support the ideas being presented.
C. Generic Structure of Hortatory Exposition Text

The generic structure of a hortatory exposition text typically includes the

following elements:

1. Thesis Statement: This is the introduction of the issue or topic being

discussed. It states the writer's main argument or viewpoint on the matter.
The thesis statement is usually presented at the beginning of the text to
clearly convey the writer's position.

2. Arguments: This section presents a series of supporting points or reasons to

justify the writer's position. Each argument is usually presented in a separate
paragraph. The arguments are organized logically and progressively, with
each subsequent argument building upon the previous ones. The writer may
use facts, examples, statistics, or expert opinions to strengthen their
arguments.

3. Counterarguments: In this section, the writer acknowledges and addresses

opposing viewpoints or counterarguments that readers might have. The
purpose is to anticipate and refute potential objections or criticisms to
strengthen the writer's position. The writer may present counterarguments
in separate paragraphs and then provide a rebuttal or explanation to counter
those opposing views.

4. Recommendation or Conclusion: This is the concluding part of the hortatory

exposition. It restates the writer's main argument and summarizes the
supporting points presented. The conclusion may also include a call to
action, urging the readers to adopt the writer's viewpoint or take specific
actions based on the presented arguments. The aim is to leave a lasting
impression on the readers and motivate them to support the writer's position.

D. Language Features in Hortatory Exposition Text

Hortatory exposition texts often employ specific language features to persuade

and convince the readers. Here are some common language features found in
hortatory exposition texts:

1. Persuasive Language: The text uses strong and convincing words to make
its points more powerful. It aims to persuade the readers by using words and
phrases that show the importance or urgency of the issue. For example: "It's
very important," "We should," "It's necessary," etc.

2. Modal Verbs: These are words that express ideas like obligation, possibility,
or certainty. In hortatory exposition texts, modal verbs are used to show that
something is important or must be done. For example: "We must," "We
should," "It's necessary to," "It's vital that," etc.

3. Rhetorical Questions: These are questions that are asked to make a point,
not to get an answer. In hortatory exposition texts, rhetorical questions are
used to make the readers think about the topic and lead them to the desired
 conclusion. For example: "Have you ever thought about...?" "Wouldn't it be
better if...?" "Can we ignore...?"

4. Emotive Language: This is the use of words that appeal to emotions and
create a strong impact. In hortatory exposition texts, emotive language is
used to make the readers feel strongly about the topic. It includes descriptive
words and phrases that evoke emotions. For example: "heartbreaking,"
"devastating," "joyous," "life-changing," etc.

5. Repetition: This is when certain words or phrases are repeated to make them
more memorable and emphasize their importance. In hortatory exposition
texts, repetition is used to reinforce key points and make them stand out.

6. Adjectives and Adverbs: These are words that describe or add more detail
to nouns (adjectives) or verbs (adverbs). In hortatory exposition texts,
descriptive adjectives and adverbs are used to make the writing more vivid
and engaging. For example: "strong evidence," "very effective,"
"remarkably successful," etc.

7. Use of Expert Opinions: The writer includes opinions or statements from

knowledgeable people to make their arguments more credible. By using
expert opinions, hortatory exposition texts aim to persuade the readers by
showing that trusted sources support their viewpoint.

These are simplified explanations of the language features commonly found in

hortatory exposition texts. Understanding these features can help foreign learners
comprehend and analyze this type of text more effectively.

E. Examples of Hotatory Exposition Text

Example 1

Title: The Harmful Effects of Corruption in Indonesia

Introduction:
Corruption is a serious problem in Indonesia. It is important for us to understand
the negative consequences of corruption and take immediate action to address this
issue that harms our society and progress.

Supporting Points:
Firstly, corruption destroys trust in our government and weakens the rule of law.
When people in power engage in bribery and favoritism, it makes citizens lose faith
in the government. Corruption creates a culture where the rich and powerful can get
away with their wrongdoing, while the rest of us suffer. This leads to inequality and
a lack of justice.

Secondly, corruption takes away resources that should be used for important
things like healthcare, education, and infrastructure. Money that could be used to
improve public services and help the people is instead stolen through corrupt
practices. This means that the basic needs of the people are not met, and it keeps us
from progressing as a society.
 Furthermore, corruption hurts the economy and discourages investment. When
corruption is widespread, it makes it difficult for businesses to operate fairly. It
increases the costs of doing business and discourages foreign investors from
bringing their money into the country. This slows down economic growth, reduces
job opportunities, and affects everyone's well-being.

Addressing Opposing Views:

Some people say that corruption is too deeply rooted to be stopped. However,
we have seen in other countries that with strong leadership, good governance, and
the determination of the people, corruption can be reduced. We must not give in to
hopelessness, but instead demand honesty, transparency, and strong laws against
corruption.

Others argue that corruption doesn't harm anyone. However, corruption affects
society as a whole. It keeps people in poverty, limits access to essential services,
and widens the gap between the rich and the poor. By allowing corruption, we deny
equal opportunities and hinder our country's development.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, corruption has serious negative effects on our society, economy,
and well-being. It is crucial for us to stand against corruption and demand integrity,
transparency, and accountability from our leaders and institutions. Let us work
together to build a society that values honesty and justice, where everyone has equal
opportunities and our country can thrive.

Example 2

Title: Say No to Bullying: Creating a Safe and Friendly Environment for

Everyone

Introduction:
Bullying is a serious problem that affects people of all ages and can cause long-
lasting harm. It's important to understand the many reasons why we should address
bullying and work together to create a safe and friendly environment for everyone.

Supporting Points:
Firstly, bullying hurts people's feelings and emotions. When someone is bullied,
they can feel scared, sad, and have low self-confidence. It can make them feel bad
about themselves and affect their mental health. By stopping bullying, we can
protect people from these bad feelings and help them have better mental well-being.

Secondly, bullying creates an unfriendly and negative atmosphere. It breaks

trust, friendship, and cooperation between people. When bullying happens a lot, it
makes people feel afraid and not want to be around others. By stopping bullying,
we can create a positive and inclusive atmosphere where everyone feels valued and
treated well.

Furthermore, bullying can make it hard for people to learn and grow. When
someone is bullied, they may find it difficult to concentrate on their schoolwork
 and do well in their studies. Bullying can also stop people from making friends and
being themselves. By stopping bullying, we can make sure that everyone has a good
environment to learn, grow, and develop important life skills.

Addressing Opposing Views:

Some people say that bullying is just a normal part of growing up and should
be accepted. However, bullying is never okay and should never be seen as normal.
It hurts people and causes problems in our society. It's our duty to keep everyone
safe and that means saying no to bullying.

Others argue that stopping bullying is too hard and won't work. While
completely getting rid of bullying may be difficult, we can make a big difference
by raising awareness, having rules against bullying, and teaching people about the
impact of their actions. By working together, we can create a culture that says no
to bullying and supports kindness and respect.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, bullying has serious consequences for individuals and our
community. By standing up against bullying, we can protect people's well-being,
create a friendly social environment, and support learning and personal growth.
Let's join hands and say no to bullying, working towards a society that values
compassion, understanding, and treats everyone with respect.

F. The Differences Between Analytical Exposition Text and Hortatory

Exposition Text

Analytical Exposition Text:

- Purpose : Explains or analyzes a particular issue or phenomenon.
- Language Features : Uses objective language and logical reasoning.
- Focus : Presents balanced evaluation and factual information.

Hortatory Exposition Text:

- Purpose : Persuades or convinces the readers to take a specific action
or adopt a particular viewpoint.
- Language Features : Uses persuasive language and appeals to emotions.
- Focus : Presents strong arguments and calls to action.

In summary, analytical exposition explains or analyzes an issue objectively using

logical reasoning, while hortatory exposition aims to persuade readers using
persuasive language and appeals to emotions.

G. Conclusion

In conclusion, a hortatory exposition text is a type of persuasive text that aims

to convince the readers to take a specific course of action or adopt a particular
viewpoint. It presents arguments, provides evidence, and appeals to the readers'
emotions and values to persuade them. The primary purpose of a hortatory
exposition text is to influence the readers' behavior or beliefs by presenting a strong
and coherent argument.

Generic Structure:
A hortatory exposition text typically follows a specific structure:
 1. Introduction: The text begins with an opening statement or hook that
introduces the topic and grabs the readers' attention. It presents the issue and
provides background information to establish the context.

2. Thesis Statement: The writer presents a clear and concise thesis statement
that states their position on the topic and previews the main arguments that
will be discussed.

3. Arguments and Supporting Points: The writer presents several arguments

supporting their position. Each argument is elaborated upon and supported
by evidence, examples, or logical reasoning. The supporting points help to
strengthen the main argument and persuade the readers.

4. Counterarguments and Rebuttal (Optional): In some cases, a hortatory

exposition text may address counterarguments or opposing viewpoints. The
writer acknowledges and refutes these counterarguments to strengthen their
position and demonstrate the validity of their own arguments.

5. Recommendation or Conclusion: The writer concludes the text by restating

the main points, summarizing the arguments, and providing a final
recommendation or call to action. The conclusion should leave a lasting
impression on the readers and inspire them to take the desired action or
adopt the presented viewpoint.

Language Features:
Hortatory exposition texts often employ specific language features to
convey the writer's persuasive intent:

1. Modal verbs: The use of words like "should," "must," or "ought to" to
express obligation or necessity.

2. Imperative verbs: The use of commands or strong directives to encourage

action, such as "support," "act," or "change."

3. Rhetorical questions: The use of questions that do not require an answer but
are intended to engage the readers and prompt them to think about the issue.

4. Emotive language: The use of words and phrases that evoke emotions or
appeal to the readers' feelings and values.

5. Repetition: The repetition of key arguments, ideas, or phrases for emphasis

and to reinforce the writer's position.