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Original Article Published: 10 June 2021

Effect of the incorporation of

hydroxyapatite on the diametral
tensile strength of conventional
and hybrid glass ionomer cements
Matias Mederos, Carlos Enrique Cuevas-Suarez,
Walter Sanchez, Pablo Miranda, Alejandro Francia,
Helena Pardo, Juan Pablo Villanueva-Stark,
Marcelo Kreiner & Guillermo Grazioli  

Odontology  109, 904–911 (2021)

193 Accesses 1 Citations Metrics

Abstract

The objective was to evaluate the effect of the

incorporation of calcium hydroxyapatite
particles (HAp) in the diametral tensile
strength of a conventional type II glass
ionomer (GC Gold Label 2) and a resin-
modified glass ionomer cement (GC Gold
Label 2 LC R). Two experimental HAp (E1HAp
or E2HAp) were synthesized and characterized
using X-ray diffraction and Confocal Raman
spectroscopy. Both HAp were added into the
powder of a conventional or resin-modified
glass ionomer cement at 5 or 10 wt.%. A
:
 commercial HAp (CHAp) was used as
reference material. For each glass ionomer
cement, a group without the incorporation of
HAp was used as a control. A universal testing
machine was used for the mechanical test. The
results were analyzed through a two-way
ANOVA test followed by a complementary
Tukey test. For all analyzes, the level of
significance was set at α = 0.05. The average
particle size for E1Hap was 15 µm, E2HAp was
35 µm and for CHAp was 1 µm. For
conventional GIC, the addition of 10% E1HAp
and 5% CHAp significantly increased the
diametral tensile strength values (p ≤ 0.005).
On the other hand, for the resin-modified GIC,
except for the 5% E2HAp group, all
experimental groups significantly reduced the
values of diametral tensile strength (p ≤ 
0.007). The addition of HAp improved the
mechanical properties only for the
conventional glass ionomer cement.

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Acknowledgements

To the former Professor of the Biochemistry

:
 Department of the Faculty of Dentistry of the
UdelaR, Dr. Enrique Zinemanas, for his
collaboration in the synthesis of the
Experimental Hydroxyapatite particles
(E1HAp). This work was funded by the Student
Research Support Program (PAIE), of the
Sectorial Commission for Scientific Research
(CSIC), Universidad de la República, Uruguay.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Department of Dental Materials, School
of Dentistry, Universidad de La
República, Montevideo, Uruguay
Matias Mederos & Guillermo Grazioli

Laboratory of Dental Materials,

Academic Area of Dentistry,
Autonomous University of Hidalgo
State, Pachuca, México
Carlos Enrique Cuevas-Suarez

Technologic Pole of Pando, School of

Chemistry, Universidad de La
República, Canelones, Uruguay
Pablo Miranda, Helena Pardo & Juan Pablo
Villanueva-Stark

Department of General and Oral

:
 Physiology, School of Dentistry,
Universidad de La República,
Montevideo, Uruguay
Alejandro Francia & Marcelo Kreiner

School of Dentistry, Universidad de La

República, Montevideo, Uruguay
Walter Sanchez

Contributions
MM: methodology, investigation, writing—
original draft. CEC-S: methodology, formal
analysis, writing—review and editing. WS:
investigation, writing—original draft. PM:
investigation, writing—original draft. AF:
investigation, writing—original draft. HP:
methodology, writing—original draft. JPV-S:
investigation, writing—original draft. MK:
funding acquisition, supervision, validation.
GG: conceptualization, methodology, formal
analysis, funding acquisition, supervision,
project administration, writing—review and
editing.

Corresponding author
Correspondence to Guillermo Grazioli.

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 The authors have no relevant financial or non-
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 Cite this article
Mederos, M., Cuevas-Suarez, C.E., Sanchez, W. et
al. Effect of the incorporation of hydroxyapatite on
the diametral tensile strength of conventional and
hybrid glass ionomer cements. Odontology 109,
904–911 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10266-
021-00624-1

Received Accepted Published

13 February 07 June 2021 10 June 2021
2021

Issue Date
October 2021

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10266-021-00624-1

Keywords
Glass ionomer cement Hydroxyapatite

Glass powder

Diametral tensile strength

Raman spectroscopy

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