ALLEN JEE-Mathematics 1

NURTURE COURSE
ADDITIONAL EXERCISE
ON
LOGARITHM
[STRAIGHT OBJECTIVE TYPE]
1. The solution set of the inequality ln (x2) < (ln x)2 is

æ1 ö æ1 ö
(C) ç 2 ,1 ÷ È ( e , ¥ )
2
(A) ç 2 ,1 ÷ (B) (e2, ¥) (D) (0, 1) È (e2, ¥)
èe ø èe ø

( )
logq logq r

log3 p
( logq p )
æ ö
ç 6 + 6 + 6 +...¥ ÷
2. The expression q è ø
simplified to
(A) p (B) q (C) r (D) 3
3. If x1 and x2 are the values of x satisfying the equation x – 4x + 1 = 0 where x1 > x2 then the value of
2

æ ö
log x2 ç x1 x1 x1 x1 ...¥ ÷÷ is equal to
ç
è ø

1 -1
(A) (B) –1 (C) (D) –2
2 2
4. The least value of the expression 2log10 x–logx (0.01), for x > 1, is
(A) 10 (B) – 0.01 (C) 2 (D) none of these

log12 ( log8 ( log 4 x ) )

5. If the equation = 0 has a solution for 'x' when c < y < b, y ¹ a ; c < a < b,
(
log5 log 4 ( log y ( log2 x ) ) )
where 'b' is as large as possible and 'c' is as small as possible, then the value of (a + b + c) is equals to
(A) 18 (B) 19 (C) 20 (D) 21
2 2 2
æ ö æ ö æ ö
ç log a p ÷ + ç log b p ÷ + ç log c p ÷
The expression è ø è ø è a ø , wherever defined, simplifies to
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6. b c
2
æ ö
ç log a p + log b p + log c p ÷
è b c a ø
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4

æ 16 ö
7. Let 1 £ x £ 256 and M be the maximum value of (log2x)4 + 16(log2x)2log2 ç ÷ . The sum of the digits
èx ø
of M is :
(A) 9 (B) 11 (C) 13 (D) 15

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2 Additional Exercise on Logarithm ALLEN
8. The value of the expression (log102)3 + log108 . log105 + (log105)3 is
(A) rational which is less than 1 (B) rational which is greater than 1
(C) equal to 1 (D) an irrational number
9. A line x = k intersects the graph of y = log 5x and the graph of y = log5(x + 4). the distance between the
points of intersection is 0.5. Given k = a + b , where a and b are integers, the value of (a + b) is
(A) 5 (B) 6 (C) 7 (D) 10
10. If x1, x2 & x3 are the three real solutions of the equation :

2 3 2
x log10 x + log10 x +3
= where x1 > x2 > x3, then
1 1
-
x +1 -1 x +1 +1

2x1x 2
(A) x1 + x2 = 2x2 (B) x1 . x3 = x22 (C) x3 = x + x (D) x1–1 + x2–1 = x3–1
1 2

11. If 22010 = an10n + an – 110n – 1 + ... + a2102 + a1 . 10 + a0, where ai Î {0, 1, 2, ..., 9} for all i = 0, 1, 2, 3,
..., n, an ¹ 0 then n =
(A) 603 (B) 604 (C) 605 (D) 606
12. If P is the number of natural numbers whose logarithm to the base 10 have the characteristic p and Q
is the number of natural numbers logarithm of whose reciprocals to the base 10 have the characteristic
–q then log10P – log10Q has the value equal to :
(A) p – q + 1 (B) p – q (C) p + q – 1 (D) p – q – 1
[MULTIPLE OBJECTIVE TYPE]
13. If y = log7 – a(2x2 + 2x + a + 3) is defined " x Î R, then possible integral value(s) of a is/are
(A) –3 (B) –2 (C) 4 (D) 5
14. If 1 + log5(x + 1) ³ log5(ax + 4x + a), " x Î R then 'a' can be equal to
2 2

5 3
(A) 3 (B) (C) 2 (D)
2 2
15. If logax = b for permissible values of a and x then identify the statement(s) which can be correct ?
(A) If a and b are two irrational numbers then x can be rational.
(B) If a rational and b irrational then x can be rational.
(C) If a irrational and b rational then x can be rational.
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(D) If a rational and b rational then x can be rational.

16. If 1, log3(3x – 2), 2 log9(3x – 8/3) are in A.P., the value of x can be
(A) 1 (B) log(4/3) (C) log4/log3 (D) log34

17. The equation 1 + log x 27 log3x + 1 = 0 has :

(A) no integral solution (B) one irrational solution

(C) two real solutions (D) no prime solution

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 ALLEN JEE-Mathematics 3
18. If x1, x2 (x2 > x1) satisfy the equation, 5logx/9(x) + log9/x(x3) + 8log9x2(x2) = 2 then
(A) log3(x1x2) = (log3x1)(log3x2) (B) x1x 2 = x1 x 2

(C) x 22 - x12 = 3log x1 ( x 2 ) (D) the sum of the roots of the equation is 3/2
[SUBJECTIVE TYPE]
19. Solve the following logarithmic equations :

(a) log4 log3 log2 x = 0. (b) loge log 5 éë 2x - 2 + 3ùû = 0

(c) log10 (x2 – 12x + 36) = 2 (d) log 2x -1

( 2x - 3 ) = 2 log8 4 + log 2 (1 / 3 2 )
(e) 3 log 2 x - log 2 8x + 1 = 0 (f) log10 x + log10 x = -1 / 2

log10 (x - 3) 1
(g) 2
log10 x 3 - 20 ( log10 x ) + 1 = 0 (h) =
log10 (x - 21) 2
2

1 - 2(log10 x 2 ) 2 1
(i) =1 (j) log10 x + 3log10 2 + x = log10 x(x + 2) + 2
log10 x - 2(log10 x) 2 2
20. Solve the following logarithmic equations :
(a) log10(log10x) + log10(log10x3 – 2) = 0 (b) log10(log10x) + log10(log10x4 – 3) = 0

9
(c) log 2 (2x 2 ).log 2 (16x) = log 22 x (d) log 2 (2x 2 ).log 4 (16x) = log 4 x 3
2

æ1ö
(e)
2
log10 (100x) + log10
2
(10x) = 14 + log10 ç ÷ (f) logx(9x2). log 32 x = 4
èxø

(g) logx2. log2x2 = log4x2 (h) 1 / 2 log 3 ( -x - 16 ) - log3 ( )

-x - 4 = 1 .

(i) 1 + log 2 x + 4 log 4 x - 2 = 4

(j) log1/2 ( x - 1) + log1/ 2 ( x + 1) - log1/ 2

(7 - x ) = 1
21. Solve the following logarithmic equations :
(a) 91 + logx – 31+logx – 210 = 0; where base of log is 3.
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1
(b) log 2 (4 x +1 + 4).log 2 (4 x + 1) = log1/ 2 (c) log3(3x – 1) log3(3x+1 – 3) = 6.
8
(d) log2(25x+3 – 1) = 2 + log2(5x+3 + 1) (e) log 2 (4x + 4) = log 2 2 x + log 2 (2 x +1 - 3)
(f) log 2 (4 x + 1) = x + log 2 (2x +3 - 6) (g) log3(9x + 9) = x + log3(28 – 2.3x)

æ 1 ö
(h) 4 log10 x +1 - 6 log10 x - 2.3log10 x
2
+2
=0. (i) log 3 ç log9 x + + 9x ÷ = 2x
è 2 ø
1 x log10 4
(j) log10 (3x - 24 - x ) = 2 + log10 16 -
4 2
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4 Additional Exercise on Logarithm ALLEN
22. Solve the following logarithmic equations :

(a) log 3 130 - 7 log x (6 - x) = 2

log10 x + 7
(b) xlogx + 4 = 32, where base of logarithm is 2. (c) x 4
= 10log10 x +1

3 2
3log10 x - log10 x 2 5
(d) x 3
= 100 3 10 (e) (x - 2)log10 ( x -2) +log10 (x - 2) -12
= 10 2log10 (x -2)

2
log10 x + log10 x 2 - 2
æ log10 x ö
(f) x( log3 x ) -3log3 x = 3
3
-3log 2 2
4 +8 (g) ç ÷ = log10 x
è 2 ø

(h)
2 2
| x - 1|log10 x -log10 x = | x - 1|3

9
( log 9 x )2 - log 9 x + 5
(i) Find the sum of all solutions of the equation 3 2
=3 3.

23. Solve the following logarithmic equations :

(a) 5logx + 5 xlog5 = 3 (a > 0); where base of log is a. (b) 5log10 x = 50 - x log10 5

+ ( x + 2)
log22 x 2 - log2 ( 2x ) -2 log 4
(c) (a log b x )2 - 5x logb a + 6 = 0 (d) x ( x + 2 )2 = 3.

24. Solve the following logarithmic equations :

(a) |x – 10|log2(x – 3) = 2(x – 10)

(b) ( )
log3 - x 2 - 8x - 14 . log x2 + 4 + 4x 9 = 1 .

1 æ 1ö æ 1ö 1 æ 1ö
(c) log10 x - log10 ç x - ÷ = log10 ç x + ÷ - log10 ç x + ÷
2 è 2ø è 2ø 2 è 8ø

(d) log 4 (x 2 - 1) - log 4 (x - 1) 2 = log 4 (4 - x) 2

3
(e) log4(x + 2)2 + 3 = log4(4 – x) 3 + log4(6 + x) 3
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25
( ) ( )
3
(f) log 5 log1024 x3 + 8 + log 1 log4 x 3 + 8 = log 4
6 2 5
16

(g) log3 ( x+ ) (
x - 1 = log9 4 x - 3 + 4 x - 1 )
(h) Find the number of integral solution of the equation log x ( x + x - 2 ) = log ( 5x - 6 + 5 x - 2 )
x

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 ALLEN JEE-Mathematics 5

25. Solve the following logarithmic inequations :

2x - 1 1
(a) log 4 <- (b) log1/3 x + 1 < log1/3 4 - x 2 + 1
x +1 2

1 - 1 - 8 ( log1/4 x ) < 3log1/4 x

2
(c) (d) log2(2x – 1).log1/2(2x+1 – 2) > – 2.

1 1
£
(e) log2 x log2 x + 2 (f) log æxö
log 2 ç ÷
(x 2
)
- 10x + 22 > 0 .
è2ø

26. (a) Which is smaller ? 2 or (logp2 + log2p).

(b) Prove that log35 & log27 are both irrational.
(c) If x = log34 and y = log53, find the value of log310 and log3(1.2) in terms of x and y.

(d) If k log 5 = 16 , find the value of k (log2 5)2 .

2

27. Given that x = ln 30, y = ln 360 and z = ln 270 and that there are rational numbers p, q, r such that
ln 5400 = px + qy + rz, find the value of (3p + 2q + r).
28. If log3M = a1 + b1 and log5M = a2 + b2 where a1, a2 Î N and b1, b2 Î [0, 1). If a1a2 = 6, then find the
number of integral values of M.
29. If log 102 = 0.3010, log10 3 = 0.4771. Find the number of integers in :
(a) 5200 (b) 615 & (c) the number of zeros after the decimal in 3–100 .
30. If mantissa of a number N to the base 32 is varying from 0.2 to 0.8 both inclusive and whose
characteristic is 1, then find the number of integral values of N.
31. Let a, b, c and d be positive real numbers such that logab = c, logbc = 2d, logcd = 3a and logda = 4b.
Find the numerical value of product (abcd)–1.
32. If logba.logca+logab.logcb+logac.logbc = 3 (where a,b,c are different positive real numbers ¹ 1) then
find the value of abc.

p
33. Let x be the rational in the form of satisfying the equation
q
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æ 25 ö
4x - 7 - 12 x - 4 + 4x - 16 x - 4 = log1/ 2 ç x - ÷ . Find the least value of (p + q).
è 4 ø

34 . Find the real solutions to the system of equations

log10 (2000 xy) – log10x. log10y = 4
log10 (2yz) – log 10y. log10z = 1
and log10 (zx) – log 10z.log10x = 0

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6 Additional Exercise on Logarithm ALLEN

log 3 ( x 2 - 3x + 7)
35. Find out the values of 'a' for which any solution of the inequality, < 1 is also a
log 3 (3x + 2)
solution of the inequality, x2 + (5 - 2 a) x £ 10a.
36. Find the set of values of 'y' for which the inequality, 2 log0.5 y2 - 3 + 2 x log0.5 y2 - x2 > 0
is valid for atleast one real value of 'x'.
37. Find all the values of the parameter 'a' for which the inequality a.9x + 4(a–1)3x + a – 1 > 0 is satisfied
for all real values of x.

38. Find the maximum possible value of 8 ·27 log 6 x + 27 ·8log6 x - x 3 , where x > 0

39. Find all the values of the parameters c for which the inequality has at least one solution.

æ 7ö
(
1 + log 2 ç 2x 2 + 2x + ÷ ³ log 2 cx 2 + c
è 2ø
)

40. (
Find the values of 'b' for which the equation 2 log 1 ( bx + 28) = - log 5 12 - 4x - x 2 has only one )
25

solution.

Additional Questions Answer key

1. D 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. B
6. A 7. C 8. C 9. B 10. B
11. C 12. A 13. B,C,D 14. A,B 15. A,B,C,D
16. A,C,D 17. A,D 18. B,C

19. (a) 8 (b) x=3 (c) x = 16 or x = –4

5
(d) (e) {2, 16} (f) f
2
(g) 10, 9 10 (h) x=5 (i) {1/ 10, 3 10} (j) {98}

20. (a) {10} (b) {10} (c) {2–2/5, 16}

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(d) {16} (e) { 10-9 , 10} (f) {1/9, 3}

(g) x=2 or 2 - (h) –25

2 2

(i) 8 (j) 3

21. (a) x=5 (b) {0} (c) log328 –3,log310

(d) {–2} (e) {2} (f) {0}
1
(g) {–1,2} (h) x= (i) {1/3} (j) {3}
100

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 ALLEN JEE-Mathematics 7

22. (a) {2} (b) x = 2 or 1/32 (c) {10–4, 10} (d) {10-1, 10}
1
(e) {2 + 10–7, 3, 102} (f) 9,
9
(g) {10–3, 10, 100} (h) {10–1, 2, 103} (i) 2196

– loga
23. (a) x=2 where base of log is 5. (b) {100}
3
-
(c) {2 log a b
,3 loga b
}, a > 0, a ¹ 1, b > 0, b ¹ 1 (d) 1,2, 2 4

24. (a) {13/4, 10} (b) –4 (c) {1} (d) {3 + 6}

(e) x = 2 or 1 - 33 (f) 2 (g) [0,1] È {4} (h) 1

æ 61 - 9 ö
25. (a)
æ1 ö
ç ,1 ÷
è2 ø
(b) çç
è 2
,2÷
÷
ø
(c) é 2 -1/ 2 ,1
ë )
(d) ( log2 5 - 2, log2 3) (e) ( 0,1) È [2, ¥ ) (f) ( )
x Î 3, 5 - 3 È ( 7, ¥ )

xy + 2 xy + 2y - 2
26. (a) 2 (c) , (d) 625
2y 2y

27. 5.00 28. 54 29. (a) 140 (b) 12 (c) 47

30. 449 31. 24.00 32. abc = 1 33. 31.00

5
34. x = 1, y = 5, z = 1 or x = 100, y = 20, z = 100 35. a³
2

36. (- ¥,-2 2 ) È æçè - 12 ,0 ö÷ø È æçè 0, 12 ö÷ø È (2 2, ¥ ) 37. [1, ¥)

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( -¥, -14 ) È {4} È éê

14 ö
38. ymax = 216 39. (0, 8] 40. ,¥÷
ë3 ø