Each of the following questions are of 2 marks. @ Q2 Ans, Qs. Ans. |. ‘Two equal 1§ equal positive charge ‘g' coulombs are suspended by two (a) An electrostatic field line is a continuous curve, That is, a field line cannot have sudden breaks. Why is it so? (©) Explain why two field lines never cross each other at any point. [CBSE (AD 2014] (0) An electrostatic field line is the path of movement of a positive t test charge (y+ 0) —o Amoving charge experiences continuous forceinan electrostatic field, son electrostatic field line is always a con (6) Two electric lines of force can never cross each other because if oe they cross there will be two directions of electri field atthe point = ‘of intersection (say 4); which is impossible, Define eleetrie dipole moment, Is ita sealar or a vector quantity? What are its ST unit? [CBSE Sample Paper 2021, (Al) 2011, 2013, (F) 2009, 2012, 2013) “The electric dipote moment is defined as the product of either charge and the distance beween the two charges. Its direction is from negative to positive change, $= 2) oF >_> ie, IP l=920 a F ta Electric dipole moment isa vector quantity. ts 1 unit iseoulomb-metre. Depict the orientation of the dipole in (a) stable, (b) unstable equilibrium in a uniform electric field. Delhi 2017 (a) Suble equilibrium, 0 = 0° Fis parallel ih setts of equal length: What would be the effect on the force when a plastic shee Betiech the twa? [cnse 412014) Force will decrease JRenvon Force beeen two charges af ane, (On inserting a plastic sheet (a dielectric K > 1) ch fin vacuum is h Then F fie, Force F= “Tek “The force Between changed ball wil decreas Electric Charges and S/NQ.5. Plot a graph showing the variation of coulomb force (F) verst (a)e where isthe distance between the two charges of each pair of charges: (1 uC, 2 4G) and (2 uC, 8 jC). Interpret the ‘graphs obtained, [CBSE (AD) 2011) 1 fide Ans Fane, ‘The graph bewween Fand thecuer t co Since, magnitude of the slope is more for attraction, therefore, attractive foree is greater than repulsive force Q.6. An electric dipole is held in a uniform electric field. (i) Show thatthe net force aeting on itis zero. (ii) The dipole is aligned parallel to the field. Find the work done in rotating it through the angle oft wid [CBSE (Al) 2012) Ans. i) The dipole moment of dipole is [f| = qx (2a) : 1 Force on -qat A= ~qE ieee Force on +gat B a Net force on the dipole = gE=qE<0 (i) Work done on dipole W = dU = pe (0s0,-cos0,) = PE (os cos 180°) W= 28 Q.7. (a) Define electric flux. Write its SI unit, (6) A spherical rubber balloon carries a charge that is uniformly distributed over its surface. As ‘the balloon i blown up and increases in size, how does the total electric ux coming out ofthe surface change? Give reason. [cHsE (F) 2016) Ans. (a) Total number of electric field lines crossing a surface normally i alled electric flux. Sl unitis Nm®C or Vn. W) Total electric ux through the surface 4 ‘As charge remains unchanged when size of balloon inereases, electric flux through the surface remains unchanged. QB.) Define electric flux. Write its SI unit, (@) “Gauss's lave in electrostatis is true for any closed surface, no matter what its shape or size is.” Justify this statement with the help ofa suitable example. [CBSE Allahabad 2015] Ans. (a) Refer to above question, () According to Gauss theorem, the electric ux through a closed surface depends only on the net charge enclosed by the surface and not upon the shape or size of the surface: For any closed arbitrary shape of the surface enclosing a charge the outward flux isthe same as that due to a spherical Gaussian surface enclosing the same charge. ‘cemmemmmemntpfexatieaPhysis-xiJustification: This is due to the faet that (electric field is radial and (i) the electric eld E 6 Ae ‘Thus, electric field at each point inside a charged thin spherical shell is zero. Q.9. ‘Two concentric metallic spherical shells of radii R and 2R are given charges Q, and Qs respectively. The surface charge densities on the outer surfaces of the shells are equal. Determine the ratio Q, Qo — [CBSE (F) 2013] ‘Ans. Surface charge density 6 is san P = Anko ange and Charge Q, = 4n(2k)"6 Q ants 1 Q irene 4 Q.10. ‘The sum of two point charges is 7 WC. They repel each other witha foree of L Nwhen kept 30em apart in free space. Calculate the value of each charge. [CBSE (F) 2009) As givens, + 92 = 7 x 10°C «@ By Coulomb's Law, 1 4ite 3 a 1+ qgy = G4ne,) (0.90) Fre, 0.80)" ‘he = (Ane) (0:80) or Aig = yx 9x 107 = 10" “ x10" 1-40 = Gs + 129% Ate = TRIO? =Ax 10" = 49x 10°40 x1 = 9 x 10°? 414 310°C li) Solving () and (i), we get 9) =5X10%C, q.= 210°C > He Su. qy = 20 |. ‘Two identical point charges, qeach, are kept2 m apart in air A third point charge Q of unknown ‘magnitude and sign is placed on the line joining the charges such that the system remains in ‘equilibrium. Find the position and nature of Q. [CBSE 2019 (55/1/1)] ‘Ans. System isin equilibrium therefore net force on each charge of system will be zero. For the total foree on ‘Q' to be zero 1 @_ 1 @ :. 4 me tee aes ee . - ei a Por the cqullbrium of charge °f" the nature af charge @Q muia be oppotitew the nature of herpes PP rigece shows wo lage metal plates inal pled baton oo esa jong toms {) What wil happen tothe plates wien they are released? Gi) Draw te pattern ofthe electric il lines forthe system, (CBSE A) 20091 2 ||| AiG) Charges indhiced on outer surfaces of , and Py ave Qiand + respectively. When plate ae released, they wil tnd ur move away from ans another plate P, mosing towards +Q and Py towards -Q-due to auaction. Electric Charges an s/n ind P,, tightly held against each other PP point charges perpendicular to the line(i) The field pattern is shown in fig. Pies AN Ww a0 |. Calculate the amount of work done in rotating a dipole, of dipole moment 3 x. 10-* Gm, from its position of stable equilibrium to the position of unstable equilibrium, in a uniform electric field of intensity 10* N/C. (CBSE (F) 2011) Ans. P= 3x10%Cm; £ = 10° NIG At stable equilibrium (@,) = 0° At unstable equilibrium (8.)= 180" Work done in a rotating dipole is given by: W = PE (cos 6, cos 6,) = (8 % 10") (108) [cos 0° cos 180°} = 3 x 104 [1 --1)] W=6x 1045 ven a uniform electric field E = 5x10" 7 NIG, find the flux ofthis field through a square of. 10 em on a side whose plane is parallel to the ¥Z plane. What would be the flux through the ‘same square if the plane makes a 30° angle with the Xeaxis? [CBSE Delhi 2014, Here, E = 5X10? NIG, ie, field is along postive diteetion of X-axis Surface area, A= 10 cm x 10 cm = 0.10 mx 0.10.m = 10 m® {) When plane is parallel to ¥Z plane, the normal to plane is along X-axis, Hence on = FAcos8 = 5X 10" 10™cos0” = 50 NC“ m® lane makes a 30° angle with the X-axis, the normal to its plane makes 60° angle Hence 0 = 60° $= EAcosB= 5% 10? X 10°*cos 60° = 25 NC“ m’ |. Five point charges, each of charge +9 are placed on five vertices of a regular hexagon of side ‘7. Find the magnitude of the resultant force on a charge ~q placed at the centre of the hexagon. [CBSE 2019 (53/3/2)) “The forcesdue to the Ans. ges placed diagonally opposite at the vertices of *9 ‘0 mA WV incel in pairs. Hence net force f a |. Represent graphically the variation of electric field with distance, for a uniformly charged plane sheet. [CBSE Sample Paper 2017) Elecite field due to a uniformly charged plane sheet, & <2 Eo ee, which i independent of dinance. | represent a raight tne parallel io tance ans i: (cempnpexaiea Prysis-viQs, os, Q19. 205 1. A metallic spherical shell Let us find the force om the charge Qa the point © san inner radius R, and outer radius Ry A charge Q is placed at the centre ofthe spherical cavity. What will be surface charge density on (i) the laner suace, dG the outer surface? INGERT Exemplar When a charge + Qi place a the cent of apelin the charge induced on thaionex aurfaet= Ue Four point charges Q, g, Qand q are placed atthe corners of a square ‘of side ‘a’ as shown in the igure. Find the resultant electric force on a chargeQ. [CBSE 2018] Peete tee 1 @ ® 7 a ao Electric Charges and HE]. Force due tothe charge g (at D 1 Be, a? % along DC Resultant ofthese two equal frees =z m8) (along AC) ae, Net rc on cage Q(t point 1 Q| Q 2 “This force is directed along. AC. (For the charge Q, atthe point A. the force will have the same magi bat willbe teed along CA) Pen thy= +24 Free a *Qa Ans. ge Force due io the charge g(t D) Fy hake Mong DE Reaikant of theve two equal forces ‘This force is directed along AG, (For the charge Qa the point A. the force will ae the Same mageitude but willbe directed along CA) ‘Three point charges g,~ 4g and 24 are placed at the vertices of an 4 ‘equilateral wiangle ABC of side as shown in the figure. Obtain the ‘expression forthe magnitude ofthe resultant electric foree acting on. the chargeg: [CBSE 2018) Force on change dic to the change —q ag 1 waht) tons 1_(2¢ dE stmen “The forces F and Fate inlined to eadh ather at an ange of 120" Hence, reulant elect force on change q AFF Rod = (FFE RRM JPR (8 \ era (fons 1 Pee) © Rel Adiaple pendulum consists of xmall sphere of mass m suspended by » thread of length . "Tha «phere carriers posiive charge q. The pendalum i placed in uniform electric field of strength F directed vertically downwards. Find the period of oscillation ofthe pendulum due {othe elacrostae force acting on the sphere, neglecting the effec ofthe gravitational or Tense 2019 3379/1), Renoring forces f= -sesing 7 3 mangising ‘When isa = m= 46h ae ome es 2 = wan ay (emma deo Prix feof ante Conupating with equation of linear SHM Now.