Facilitating Learning Midterm 3

SAINT TONIS COLLEGE, INC.
(Formerly: Kalinga Christian Learning Center)

United Church of Christ in the Philippines
Purok 4, Bulanao Centro, Tabuk City, Kalinga
Philippines 3800
Tel. No. (074) 627-5930, Email Address: sainttoniscollege@yahoo.com
Facilitating Learning-Centered Teaching
Theories Related to the Learners’ Development

Objectives:
 Explain the salient concepts and principles of the major development theories
 Apply these theories to teaching-learning situations.
The educational trend brought out by a number of ground-breaking researches tells that one
can be an effective facilitator of learning if one has a good working knowledge of the learners;
development.
1. Freud’s Components of the Personality

The mind is like an iceberg; it floats with one-seventh of its bulk above water.” –Sigmund
Freud, Founder of Psychoanalysis.
ID EGO SUPEREGO
Pleasure centered Reality centered Related to the ego the ideal or
conscience centered
The id is the primitive The ego develops to The superego is a part of
and instinctive mediate between the the unconscious that is
component of unrealistic id and the the voice of conscience
personality. The id is a external real world. It is (doing what is right) and
part of the the decision-making the source of self-
unconscious that component of criticism. It reflects
personality. Ideally, the society's moral values to
contains all the urges
ego works by reason, some degree, and a
and impulses, whereas the id is chaotic person is sometimes
including what is and unreasonable. aware of their own
called the libido, a morality and ethics, but
kind of generalized the superego contains a
sexual energy that is vast number of codes, or
used for everything prohibitions, that are
from survival instincts issued mostly
to appreciation of art. unconsciously in the form
The id is also kind of of commands or "don't"
stubborn, for it statements.
responds only to what
Freud called the
pleasure principle (if it
feels good, do it), and
_________________________________________________________________________
An institution of the United Church of Christ in the Philippines (UCCP)
Member: Association of Christian Schools, Colleges and Universities (ACSCU)
UCCP Church Related Educational Action Towards Empowerment (UCCP CREATE)
Cordillera Schools Group (CSG)
Philippines 3800
nothing else.
Source: https://www.simplypsychology.org/psyche.html#:~:text=According%20to%20Freud's
%20psychoanalytic%20theory,id%20and%20the%20super%2Dego.
Psychosexual Stages of Development

Oral Stage During the oral stage, the infant's primary source of
AGE 0-1 interaction occurs through the mouth, so the rooting
and sucking reflex is especially important. The
mouth is vital for eating, and the infant derives
pleasure from oral stimulation through gratifying
activities such as tasting and sucking.
Because the infant is entirely dependent upon

caretakers (who are responsible for feeding the
child), the child also develops a sense of trust and
comfort through this oral stimulation.
The primary conflict at this stage is the weaning

process--the child must become less dependent
upon caretakers. If fixation occurs at this stage,
Freud believed the individual would have issues with
dependency or aggression. Oral fixation can result in
problems with drinking, eating, smoking, or nail-
biting.
Anal Stage During the anal stage, Freud believed that the
primary focus of the libido was on controlling bladder
AGE 1-3 and bowel movements. The major conflict at this
stage is toilet training—the child has to learn to
control their bodily needs. Developing this control
leads to a sense of accomplishment and
independence.
According to Freud, success at this stage is

dependent upon the way in which parents approach
toilet training. Parents who utilize praise and
rewards for using the toilet at the appropriate time
encourage positive outcomes and help children feel
capable and productive.
Phallic Stage Freud suggested that during the phallic stage, the
primary focus of the libido is on the genitals. At this
AGE 3-6 age, children also begin to discover the differences
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Philippines 3800
between males and females.
Freud also believed that boys begin to view their

fathers as a rival for the mother’s affections. The
Oedipus complex describes these feelings of wanting
to possess the mother and the desire to replace the
father. However, the child also fears that he will be
punished by the father for these feelings, a fear
Freud termed castration anxiety.
The term Electra complex has been used to describe
a similar set of feelings experienced by young girls.
Freud, however, believed that girls instead
experience penis envy.
Latency During this stage, the superego continues to develop

while the id's energies are suppressed. Children
Stage develop social skills, values, and relationships with
peers and adults outside of the family.
7-13
The development of
the ego and superego contributes to this period of
calm. The stage begins around the time that children
enter school and become more concerned with peer
relationships, hobbies, and other interests.
Genital Stage The onset of puberty causes the libido to become

active once again. During the final stage of
PUBERTY - psychosexual development, the individual develops a
strong sexual interest in the opposite sex. This stage
DEATH begins during puberty but last throughout the rest of
a person's life.
Where in earlier stages the focus was solely on

individual needs, interest in the welfare of others
grows during this stage. The goal of this stage is to
establish a balance between the various life areas.
Source: Kedra C. (2022) Freud's Psychosexual Stages of Development Retrieved from:

https://www.verywellmind.com/freuds-stages-of-psychosexual-development-2795962
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Philippines 3800
Vygotsky’s Socio-Cultural Theory
“The teacher must not orient his work not on yesterday’s development in the child but on
tomorrow’s”-Lev Vygotsky
KMO (More Knowledgeable ZPD (ZONE OF PROXIMAL SCAFFOLDING

Other) DEVELOPMENT)
_______________________ ______________________ ____________________
Temporary supportive
structure that the teacher
creates to assist a student.
Vygotsky's sociocultural theory views human development as a socially

mediated process in which children acquire their cultural values, beliefs, and
problem-solving strategies through collaborative dialogues with more
knowledgeable members of society.
Prepared by: Princess Nelliette L. Aquino

Subject Instructor
Activity 1:
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Philippines 3800
Complete the activity by describing each action within each scenario based on the ideas of Id,
Ego, and Superego. Make sure you have a good understanding of the difference between the three
ideas before you begin.2 points each.
Scenario ID EGO SUPEREGO

1.Laura is hungry in
the middle of a
meeting. She sees
food that is placed on
top of the table across
the conference hall.
2.You were about to

go home when you
saw the door of your
co-teacher’s room is
open and the lights
were on.
3.Teacher was
eavesdropping to the
conversation of the
Principal and
Guidance Counselor
of the school
regarding a sensitive
issue. She suddenly
see’s the person the
Principal and
Guidance Counselor
is taking about.
4. Mary saw her

classmate’s new
pencil case. She was
told by another
classmate to steal it.
*Note: You will be scored with the relevance of your answer according to each of the categories
and scenarios provided above. Encode your answer and put it in a legal size bearing your name,
course, year and date of submission.
_________________________________________________________________________
Philippines 3800
Activity 2
Describe what parents and teachers should do to help children develop into the person that they
are meant to from the point of view of Freud’s Psychosexual.
Criteria Score
Relevance of the answer 5
Timeliness 5
Grammar and organization of
ideas
Total 10 points
*Note: No score will be given if the answer is plagiarized.
Activity 3
Provide an activity for secondary students using Vygotsky’s Sociocultural theory. Explain how it
works.
Criteria Score
Relevance of the answer 5
Timeliness 5
Grammar and organization of 5
ideas
Total 10 points
*Note: No score will be given if the answer is plagiarized.

All answer must be encoded in a letter sized bond paper and to be submitted on or before next
meeting.
_________________________________________________________________________

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SAINT TONIS COLLEGE, INC.

(Formerly: Kalinga Christian Learning Center)

Facilitating Learning-Centered Teaching

Theories Related to the Learners’ Development

1. Freud’s Components of the Personality

Psychosexual Stages of Development

Because the infant is entirely dependent upon

The primary conflict at this stage is the weaning

According to Freud, success at this stage is

between males and females.

Freud also believed that boys begin to view their

Latency During this stage, the superego continues to develop

Genital Stage The onset of puberty causes the libido to become

Where in earlier stages the focus was solely on

Source: Kedra C. (2022) Freud's Psychosexual Stages of Development Retrieved from:

Vygotsky’s Socio-Cultural Theory

KMO (More Knowledgeable ZPD (ZONE OF PROXIMAL SCAFFOLDING

Vygotsky's sociocultural theory views human development as a socially

Prepared by: Princess Nelliette L. Aquino

Scenario ID EGO SUPEREGO

2.You were about to

4. Mary saw her

*Note: No score will be given if the answer is plagiarized.

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