Saep 42

Engineering Procedure
SAEP-42 10 May 2020

Capital Projects Energy Optimization and Green Energy Study
Document Responsibility: Energy Systems Optimization Standards Committee
Previous Revision: 1 January 2018 Next Revision: 10 May 2025

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©Saudi Aramco 2020. All rights reserved.
Saudi Aramco: Company General Use

Document Responsibility: Energy Systems Optimization Standards Committee SAEP-42
Publish Date: 10 May 2020
Next Revision: 10 May 2025 Capital Projects Energy Optimization and Green Energy Study
Contents
©Saudi Aramco 2020. All rights reserved. Page 2 of 20

Summary of Changes
Change Type
Paragraph Number (Addition,
Technical Change(s)
Previous Revision Current Revision (6 Modification,
(1 January 2018) May 2020) Deletion)
Scope is modified to accommodate three
Modification & energy domains.
Section 1 Section 1
addition Two energy domains (Renewable Energy
and Green Buildings) are added
Abbreviations are added.
Modification &
Section 5 Section 5 Energy assessment Definition is modified.
addition
Section 6 Energy Scope Assessment Criteria is added.

Modification &
Section 6 Section 6.1 is EO&GE Study Stages is modified for clarity.
addition
added
No sub- Requirement for accelerated projects and

section for Section 6.2 Addition related notes
Section 6
New Sub- Study Phase EO&GE Study for Renewable
sections 7.2 Energy is added.
Section 7 Addition
and 7.3 are Study Phase EO&GE Study for Green
added Building is added.
New Sub- DBSP Phase EO&GE Study for Renewable
sections 8.2 Energy is added.
Section 8 Addition
and 8.3 are DBSP Phase EO&GE Study for Green
added Building is added.
Write-up is modified to accommodate three
Section 9 Modification &
Section 9 domains.
Appendix I addition
Close-out form is added.

Next Revision: 7 May 2025 Design Criteria and Installation of Communication Towers
1. Scope
This procedure encompasses guidelines to achieve an energy-efficient facility design
during different project phases by conducting an “Energy Optimization & Green Energy
Study”. This procedure applies to all new facilities including expansion projects in the
existing facilities. It provides a methodology to review project design from energy efficiency
perspective in alignment with circular carbon economy.
This procedure is intended to be used by third-party consultants, project engineers and
process engineers in Saudi Aramco, who are responsible for process and facilities
planning, process engineering and energy systems engineering. It can also be used as a
guideline for developing a scope of work to conduct an Energy Optimization & Green
Energy Study by an external consultant (Energy Systems Optimization).
2. Conflicts and Deviations
Any conflict between this document and other applicable Mandatory Saudi Aramco
Engineering Requirements (MSAERs) shall be addressed in writing to the EK&RD
Coordinator.
Any deviation from the requirements herein shall follow internal company procedure
SAEP-302.
3. References
The references below are the latest edition, unless otherwise indicated.
Saudi Aramco Documents
SABP-A-058 Recommended Consultants for Industrial/Non-Industrial
Energy Assessment Studies
SABP-P-017 Grassroots Project Energy Assessment Study Scope of
Work
SAEP-1350 Design Basis Scoping Paper (DBSP) Preparation and
Revision Procedure
SAEP-421 Equipment Life Cycle Cost Procedure
SAES-A-502 Combined Heat and Power Systems Optimum Design
SAES-A-503 Energy Efficiency for Non-Industrial Buildings except Low-
Rise Residential Buildings
SAES-A-504 Energy Efficiency for Low Rise Residential Buildings
Industry Codes and Standards
EA-1G_2010 ASME Process Heating
4. Terminology
4.1 Acronyms
ESD Energy Systems Division
FEL Front End Loading
FPD Facilities Planning Department
GCC Grand Composite Curve

H&MB Heat & Material Balance

IPT Integrated Project Team
P&CSD Process and Control Systems Department
PFD Process Flow Diagram
RE Renewable Energy
RPD&SD Renewable Project Development and Support Division
SME Subject Matter Expert
UFD Utility Flow Diagram
4.2 Definitions
Energy Scope Assessment: The methodology of collecting and analyzing available data
to establish the “big picture” of the energy requirements for all capital projects. This is done
by reviewing project’s business brief and preliminary scope to determine if the EO&GE
Study is relevant, and to decide applicable domains for the project. The Energy Scope
Assessment is carried out by the P&CSD/ESD, and it determines if the project meets the
size or capacity criteria for one or more of the EO&GE Study domains. The EO&GE Study
is accordingly listed as a CMS deliverable.
Targeting: The process of setting targets of energy, cost, utility, area etc. for process/plant
or even for a whole facility ahead of design, knowing its operational requirements,
capabilities and limitations. Energy Targeting provides a target for Minimum Energy
Requirement (MER) of a given process.
GCC: A graphical representation of the excess heat available to a process within each
temperature interval. It indicates the difference between the heat available from the
process hot stream and the heat required by the process cold stream, relative to the pinch
at a given shifted temperature.
CCE: An economy that, contrary to the traditional linear economy, reclaims used materials
and recycles them as secondary raw materials for new products. CCE is based on 4Rs
principles: Remove, Reduce, Reuse & Recycle. CCE must have positive impact on the
business and the environment.
5. Capital Project’s Energy Scope Assessment
The Energy Scope Assessment is the process of reviewing the project’s business brief
and preliminary scope at the beginning of the FEL-2 Study Stage to determine if the
EO&GE Study is relevant, and to decide what domains the EO&GE Study scope should
cover:
A: Industrial Energy Optimization (Domain Lead: P&CSD/ESD)
B: Renewable Energy (Domain Lead: RD/RPD&SD)
C: Green Buildings (Domain Lead: P&CSD/ESD)
5.1 Capital Project’s Energy Scope Assessment Criteria

This procedure mandates conducting an EO&GE Study for a project that meets any of the
following energy domain criteria.
Criteria for Industrial Energy Optimization Scope

Industrial Criteria (project should meet at least one of the following)

Energy Heating/Cooling Demand Power/Mechanical work Demand
Optimization ≥ 100 MMBtu/h ≥ 10 MW
Table 1: Criteria for Industrial Energy Optimization
Note: The scope of the study shall be developed/reviewed and endorsed by Process &
Control Systems Department/ESD for projects that meet Table 1 criteria
Criteria for Renewable Energy Scope

Target Facility Criteria Application Type
Imported power supply below 69 KV using
All Facilities Grid Connected PV
commercial and residential rates
Off-Grid
Remote Onshore Minimum distance from the nearest overhead
PV/Battery or
Industrial Facilities grid connection point ≥ 5km
Hybrid PV
Off-Grid
Remote Offshore Minimum distance from the nearest subsea
PV/Battery or
Industrial Facilities grid connection point ≥ 2km
Hybrid PV
Table 2: Criteria for Renewables Energy Application
Note: The scope of the study shall be developed/reviewed and agreed by Renewable
Department/RPD&SD for projects that meet Table 2 criteria
Criteria for Green Buildings Scope

Criteria (project should meet at least one of the following)
Green
Buildings Total Built Up Area Cooling Load Total Power
≥ 25,000 ft2 ≥ 100 Refrigeration Ton ≥ 150 KVA
Table 3: Criteria for Green Buildings Energy Optimization
Note: The scope of the study shall be developed/reviewed and agreed by the Process &
Control Systems Department/ESD for projects that meet Table 3 criteria.
5.2 Capital Project’s EO&GE Study Stages

This procedure mandates conducting Energy Optimization & Green Energy studies in
several project design phases FEL2 and FEL3. As per SAEP-1350, these project phases
are Study, Design Basis Scoping Paper (DBSP), and Project Proposal, as shown in
Figure 1.

Figure 1: Project Phases
In a typical CMS project, EO&GE Study shall be carried out in three stages: initial and
main energy assessments at FEL2 phases and energy study close-out at the FEL3 Project
Proposal phase. The scope of the EO&GE study varies from project to project, depending
on its nature.
For projects selected to be developed on accelerated basis and follows project phases as
shown in Figure 1 Figure 2, the EO&GE Study shall be carried out in two stages;
main energy assessment in Pre-Feed phase and energy study close-out at the FEED
phase. As single stage assessment will be conducted for the accelerated projects, it
should fulfil the objectives of both initial and final assessments detailed in Section 7 and
Section 8. P&CSD/ESD shall review and agree to the scope of work developed by Pre-
Feed engineering contractor for the EO&GE Study conducted by a 3rd party consultant
under P&CSD/ESD supervision.
Note: For accelerated projects: Pre FEED EO&GE Study’s scope covers both FEL2 Study
& FEL2 DBSP Study. FEED Energy Study Close out shall follow FEL3 Energy Study Close
out in CMS system.
Figure 2: Accelerated Project Phase

The agreed outcomes from the “Energy Optimization & Green Energy Study Report” shall
be considered in the design development of the project. All recommendations
implementation status shall be submitted for approval to Energy Systems Optimization
Standard Committee during FEL3 Project Proposal phase or FEED phase for Accelerated
projects in “EO&GE Study Close-Out Form” (Appendix-I).
The study ensures that opportunities for Industrial Energy Optimization, Renewable
Energy and Green Buildings are evaluated and incorporated in the design where proven
technically and economically viable. The EO&GE Study shall utilize engineering analysis,
simulation models as needed for the Life Cycle Cost Analysis.
Note: During FEL3 project proposal stage or FEED phase for accelerated projects, the
main task is to support design development of the identified initiatives/recommendations
of EO&GE Study and to resolve any issues/concerns that arise due to proposed design
modifications. It is highly desirable to have an Energy System Division SME for the value
engineering studies and workshops, it will enhance the process of optimizing the facility
design.
6. FEL2 Study Phase- EO&GE Study

The Initial Energy Optimization & Green Energy Study shall be conducted in-house during
FEL2 Study Phase. The study objective varies depending on its scope and the governing
criteria. The objectives for energy domains meeting the governing criteria will be
addressed through developing scope of EO&GE study of the respective energy domain
and are outlined in this section:
A: EO&GE Study – Industrial Energy Optimization Scope
B: EO&GE Study – Renewable Energy Scope
C: EO&GE Study – Green Buildings Scope
The EO&GE study at each stage shall be conducted in coordination with Energy Systems
Division of P&CSD for industrial and green buildings related projects and with Renewable
Project Development & Support Division of PSRD for renewable related projects. For
projects with overlap, the IPT team leader shall consult with Energy Systems Division of
P&CSD. Possible integration opportunities among the energy domains should be
discussed among SMEs and shall be captured in any of the energy domain scope such
that none of the scope overlaps with other.
6.1 Study Phase EO&GE Study for Industrial Energy Optimization
The objective of the Initial EO&GE Study for Industrial Energy Optimization (FEL-2 Study
Phase) is to identify the best process and utility configuration from evaluating various
alternatives as applicable. The study also evaluates the identified industrial energy
optimization related opportunities from EO&GE lens as applicable. It evaluates all supply
side configurations and identify the initial optimum sizing to meet the energy demand (i.e.
heating, power and cooling). It also considers the applicable industrial related energy
efficient technologies. The outcomes from the initial study shall also provide the foundation
(i.e. scope) for FEL-2 DBSP phase EO&GE Study. The scope of work for the EO&GE
Study should be developed in accordance to SABP-P-017.
The below sections highlight the steps needed to conduct the energy optimization for
industrial scope during FEL-2 Study Phase which include the establishment of energy

consumption base-line, identification of Energy Utility Systems alternatives, Inclusion of

new energy optimization technologies, define Process & Utilities Systems Integration
Scenarios as well as initial study key considerations.
Establishment of energy consumption base-line
The base-line shall include the initial design energy consumption, Energy
Intensity KPI and the expected CO2 emissions:
 Select a project closely resembling the current project from the
available database. Criteria for resemblance is process configuration,
plant geographical location; and/or previous experience.
 Gather project’s related information and capitalize on the preliminary
process design and similar projects if available to get PFD’s, UFD’s,
simulation models, data-sheets and economic data necessary to define
current project energy requirement.
 Consider inter-plants integration during the establishment of the base
case design energy consumption level(s).
 Develop GCC for the project with base-line energy requirement and
consequently map utilities to the base case design, otherwise establish
a new base case design for approval by project’s owner.
Note: Establishing a baseline for CO2 emission of any energy efficiency
project should be in alignment with EPD calculation basis
Identification of Energy Utility Systems alternatives

 Evaluate fulfilling energy requirement with all types of utility systems
commercially available. For example, Flexible designs of Tri-generation
systems, furnaces, chilled water, cooling water, air cooling, refrigeration
etc. should be considered, beside cogeneration scheme(s).
 Use utility system base case configuration or develop new one with
some alternate utility system configurations.
Note: The design configuration of the utilities system shall be
developed according to SAES-A-502.
Inclusion of new energy optimization technologies
 Identify commercially available energy optimization technologies to be
included in the new plant’s or project design, such as;
o ORC
o Absorption-Chillers and Adsorption Chillers
o Kalina-Cycle
o Turbo-expander
o Tube inserts
o High Efficiency Heat Exchangers
Note: FPD and PMOD to provide the basis to establish cost estimation
correlations for these technologies.

Define Process & Utilities Systems Integration Scenarios

 Identify process-process, process-utility and utility-utility interaction.
 Study the possibilities for integration schemes with near-by facilities
and/or residential areas to optimize energy utilization.
 Gather required data to establish facility’s Total Site Supply-Demand.
 Propose alternative utility systems configurations to satisfy total Site
Supply-Demand changes. The proposed utilities systems shall be
appropriately defined to conduct proper economic evaluation.
 Get recent energy values for primary utility (fuel, electricity, water,
cooling water etc.)
 Develop CHP model for the project and evaluate several utility systems
alternatives with compared to a base case design.
 Conduct sensitivity analysis, utilizing CHP model for possible
integration scenarios.
 Generate a priority list for evaluated configurations or alternatives
based on the NPV and overall system’s efficiency.
Note: NPV analysis shall consider equipment life cycle cost in
accordance to SAEP-421.
Study Key Considerations
 Define Energy Utility System configuration base case with all utility
appropriate details for future development.
 Determine marginal cost for each energy utility of selected Energy
Utility System.
Note: The marginal cost shall be determined based on simulation
models taken into consideration the energy prices.
 Discuss this assessment findings with the concerned project’s entities.
 Develop a high-level opportunities’ list/modifications for the base case
design (if available) via identifying and estimating potential energy
savings opportunities. For example: Change in plot plan of the plants
relative to each other and/or to utilities plants.
 Develop possible integrated design modifications strategies for
realizing energy and/or capital savings for the new facility mapped to
the base-case design.
 Report all calculations & recommendations in Energy Optimization
Initial Study Report and submit to IPT Leader.
Note: The energy efficiency opportunities identification should be
derived from Value Engineering sessions.
In addition to analysis results, Energy Optimization Initial Study Report shall
include a plan to conduct Energy Optimization DBSP Phase Study. This plan
consists of:

 Decision to conduct DBSP phase EO&GE Study either by a third-party

consultant under ESD supervision or by P&CSD/ESD utilizing in-house
capabilities.
 Scope of work for the final assessment
 Tentative schedule for the study with milestones.
The decision to conduct in-house study by P&CSD/ESD or by a third-party
consultant under P&CSD/ESD supervision shall be made by the ESD in
consultation with the FPD based on available resources, project complexity
and schedule.
6.2 Study Phase EO&GE Study for Renewable Energy
The initial study identifies Renewable Energy opportunities including but not limited to
those identified earlier in the EO&GE Lens. The objective of the Initial EO&GE Study for
Renewable Energy (FEL-2 Study Phase) is to identify renewable energy opportunities as
per the defined criteria for:
Grid connected renewable energy generation (Rooftop/Ground Mounted/Car Park PV)
Off grid renewable energy generation (offshore, onshore, lighting for access roads,
intersections, industrial facility area and security lighting)
The identification is based on preliminary evaluation of technical and economic feasibility
and is followed by developing the scope for the detailed EO&GE study to be conducted
later during the DBSP stage. The initial study provides an estimate for the renewable
energy system size and proposes possible configurations for the system based on the
preliminary information available during the Study stage.
The Initial EO&GE study defines the scope of the EO&GE study for Renewable Energy
scope. Prior to deciding on the power supply system configuration, the opportunity for
renewable energy shall be evaluated, considering any reliability and constructability issues
based on information provided by the project proponent.
The outcomes from the initial study shall be captured in the Initial EO&GE Study Report.
6.3 Study Phase EO&GE Study for Green Buildings
The objective of the Initial EO&GE Study for Buildings is to develop the scope for the
detailed EO&GE Study conducted later during the DBSP Stage and to establish the
project’s energy performance target. The study determines what energy related design
choices require comparative analysis during the DBSP and PP stage to optimize Life
Cycle Costs.
The scope of the EO&GE Study is developed during FEL-2 Study Phase and before CMS
Gate of Alternatives Selection (GAS) based on preliminary evaluation of technically viable
design alternatives that is possible at early stage. The Initial EO&GE Study defines the
scope of the EO&GE Study for the Building Envelope, HVAC, Lighting and Water Heating
systems while considering the systems’ size and complexity. If building’s geometry and
orientation are to be finalized by the Architect during this stage, then sensitivity analysis
shall be conducted for variations of building geometry, orientation, structure, envelope
attributes and window-to-wall ratio. The impact of these variations on annual energy
consumption and peak loads shall be evaluated. Simple Box Energy Modeling shall be
used as needed for the accuracy for the results.

The outcome of this analysis will be captured in the form of “FEL 2 Study EO&GE Study
Report” and shall also include the scope of the FEL 2 DBSP EO&GE Study based on
preliminary analysis results possible at this early stage.
Note: The Green Building study shall be in alignment with SAES-A-503 & SAES-A-504.
7. FEL2 DBSP Phase- EO&GE Study
The Energy Optimization & Green Energy Study in the FEL2 DBSP phase is a continuation
of the FEL2 Study phase. During this phase the selected alternatives are defined into the
project scope and shall be evaluated and optimized as a result of EO&GE Study to get an
energy-efficient design. The optimization of the design can be iterative in order to ensure
that the facility’s energy requirements are satisfied at minimum life cycle cost, which is a
key to success of the energy integration study. The Energy Optimization &Green Energy
Study shall update all the findings of FEL2 Initial Study report into a more rigorous
evaluation.
7.1 DBSP Phase EO&GE Study for Industrial Energy Optimization
The study is conducted to ensure selecting the most energy efficient and techno-
economically viable site-wide design for industrial related projects. Such design shall
include major equipment selection and sizes, plant configurations and related simulations
for both supply and demand side optimizations. It examines both energy supply and
demand for a particular process/plant/facility and attempts to maximize the total return on
investment. The first step in this study is to assess the demand side power, cooling and
heating requirements and the second step is to determine the lowest life cycle cost energy
supply requirements. The outcomes of the study is the determination of the most energy
efficient (for both supply and demand sides) and techno-economically viable site-wide
complete design for industrial applications.
The below sections highlight the steps needed to conduct the energy optimization for
industrial scope during FEL-2 DBSP phase which include intra-plant waste heat recovery
total site waste heat recovery utilities systems optimization as well as the inclusion of new
energy technologies
Intra-plant Waste Heat Recovery
 Review Process Description, PFD’s, H&MB, available simulation

models, energy consumption targets, prices and Saudi Aramco energy
efficiency measures/standards.
 Extract stream(s) data from available documents and model for each
process, this data shall be used for energy targeting.
 Establish base-case energy usage of each plant from the current heat
exchanger network design, furnaces, pumps, compressors, CHP
systems, air/water coolers and refrigeration base case design.
 Energy targets for each process/plant and all plants shall be calculated.
Utility targeting shall be conducted to identify minimum energy
demands for each plant.
 The efficiency of the current HEN design and CHP system’s
configuration shall be assessed using an updated CHP model

according to SAES-A-502, comparing the current utility consumption

with the energy targets identified.
 Improvement opportunities shall be identified either as process
modification or HEN design improvement and produced for further
investigation.
Note: The process related energy assessment should be in alignment
with EA-1G_2010 ASME.
 Identified opportunities shall be assessed for practicality, safety
and flexibility. Opportunities fulfilling all considerations shall be
evaluated in terms of NPV.
Total Site Waste Heat Recovery
 Each process/plant shall be investigated for direct and/or indirect
practically best possible interplants integration and all opportunities
shall be identified.
 Data shall be collected for the streams involving cross-process/plants
heat integration opportunities, to highlight any possible impact on the
plant safety, corrosion and operability.
 Energy targeting for cross-process/plants heat recovery shall be
conducted. This could clash with earlier processes level matches and
must be evaluated in order to supersede earlier matches. Marginal
utility cost shall be derived from an updated CHP model and shall be
used to do the comparison.
 The efficiency of the current HEN design and CHP, Cooling and
Refrigeration systems configuration shall be assessed using an
updated CHP model. Comparing the current utility consumption with
the energy targets identified.
 Identify and quantify opportunities for interplants heat recovery, and
assess them for practicality, safety and operability. Opportunities
fulfilling all considerations shall be evaluated in terms of NPV and listed
as potential improvement for the base case design.
Utilities Systems Optimization
 Operating philosophy, requirement of sparing philosophy, net heating
and cooling requirements of all process plants and adjacent industrial
community for potential integration shall be extracted.
 Facility’s CHP or CCHP, air/water cooling, process heaters and
refrigeration systems models shall be updated, with all the newly
extracted data and shall be optimized to act as a final utilities system.
This assessment shall include but not limited to the following:
o Number and sizes of Cogen units and boilers that meet energy
demand and satisfies all constraints.
o Drivers selection optimization including type size and number of
units.
o Multiple furnace integration with the rest of the process and/or
utility system.

o HEN area targeting and capital loss identification and correction

via HEN modification.
o Distillation columns inter-heaters/coolers and feed condition
optimization.
 All identified initiatives shall be evaluated one-by one in terms of NPV
with energy reduction due to its implementation.
Inclusion of New Energy Technologies
 Quantify the available potential for deployment of new energy
technologies to the current project design.
 Identify and evaluate all applicable technologies to capture the
available from base case design energy. Technologies fulfilling all
considerations shall be evaluated in terms of NPV and listed as
potential improvement, for the base case design now or in the future.
 Develop selected energy technologies conceptual design and the
estimated impact on the project schedule.
Study Report Main Deliverables
 Final design and configuration of plant’s energy utilities systems and its
major components with all appropriate level of details for design
development.
 All the results and assessment study findings including energy
technologies conceptual design.
 A comprehensive list of identified initiatives with its techno-economic
evaluation for potential energy savings or capital cost savings in NPV.
 A comprehensive list of identified initiatives with its potential CO2
emissions reduction in K Ton Co2/yr.
 A summary impact of the identified energy initiatives on the facility
Energy Intensity KPI.
 A list of the recommended initiatives with estimated potential impact on
engineering documents and project execution schedule (upon
discussion with licensors/contractors).
Note: All related activities, communication with licensors, contractors
etc. and all generated initiatives as well as the final recommendations
shall be included in the Energy Optimization & Green Energy Study
Final Report and submitted to the IPT leader.
Note: The recommended third-party consultants to conduct the EO&GE
Study is provided in SABP-A-058.
7.2 DBSP Phase EO&GE Study for Renewable Energy

The EO&GE Study for Renewable Energy shall determine the electrical loads that can be
offset by Renewable Energy to achieve Life Cycle Cost benefits or to meet Green Energy
targets set for the project. The Study recommends the optimal size and configuration of
the proposed Off-Grid Renewable Energy System to achieve the optimum Life Cycle Cost

of power supply for onshore and offshore remote facilities, or to achieve the overall lowest
Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) for Grid-Connected Renewable Energy systems
applications in industrial and non-industrial facilities.
In the DBSP stage and prior to making final decisions on power supply systems, the
adoption of Renewable Energy systems shall be evaluated to arrive to a clear design
direction. The study starts with a detailed evaluation of the Renewable Energy system
proposed in the initial study and considers grid connectivity, system size optimization and
availability of space, it makes the necessary adjustments to the concept and equipment
selection based on information that becomes available during the DBSP phase. The
optimal size and configuration of the proposed system shall be developed accordingly and
presented in the EO&GE Study report.
Prior to finalizing the schematic design, the EO&GE Study report shall be updated based
on the design details for the Renewable Energy system based on the latest design
documentation. The report shall include cost benefit analysis that address impact on
project CAPEX and reduction in energy power demand, annual energy consumption and
operational costs.
The Study shall be based on Life Cycle Cost Analysis and shall use energy simulation to
calculate the expected yield from the Renewable Energy System. PSRD in coordination
with P&CSD can determine, on a case-by-case basis, if alternative analysis methods that
achieve the Study’s objective can be acceptable.
EO&GE Study Report for Renewable Energy (FEL-2 DBSP Phase) shall capture
evaluation of all alternatives and the recommended design including size and
configuration of the Renewable Energy System.
7.3 DBSP Phase EO&GE Study for Green Buildings

The EO&GE Study shall determine the most energy efficient and economical design
choices to achieve the project’s energy performance target. The study shall recommend
the design choices that minimize the project’s Energy Use Intensity (EUI) addressing
design alternatives identified during the initial scoping study.
In the DBSP stage and prior to finalizing building’s form and architecture, Comparative
Analysis shall be conducted for the proposed concept variations of building form and
architecture. Recommendations to improve the EUI of each design concept shall be
developed using same the HVAC system, and consideration should be given to Passive
Design measures. The optimal building form and architecture from energy performance
perspective shall be recommended accordingly. Conceptual Design Modeling shall be
used as needed for the accuracy for the results.
The Study shall be based on Life Cycle Cost Analysis and shall use Whole Building Energy
Modeling following ASHRAE 90.1 Appendix G Performance Rating Method as deemed
necessary by P&CSD/ESD for the accuracy of the study. P&CSD/ESD can determine on
a case-by-case basis if alternative analysis methods that achieve the Study’s objective
can be acceptable, for example in the case with projects with limited or simple buildings
related scope.
The development of the EO&GE Study - Non Industrial Buildings scope during the DBSP
Study Phase includes but is not limited to conducting detailed analysis required to achieve
the optimal energy related design choices in the following areas:

 Building’s orientation, form, geometry and massing: Energy and daylight

optimization considering the local climate conditions, the facility’s operational
program and owner’s requirements.
 Building envelope: Energy and daylight optimization considering window to wall
ratio optimization, skylight to roof ratio optimization and shading analysis.
 HVAC: Comparative analysis of relevant and technically viable HVAC system
design concepts, such as central versus distributed systems and variable flow
versus constant flow equipment with various thermal zoning configurations.
 Lighting: determination of power density limitations and illumination requirements
by area and analysis of zoning and control based on occupancy, daylight or time
schedules.
 Energy Management System: Evaluate the option of using an Energy
Management System and the centralization of Energy Management Systems for
multiple buildings.
 Water Heating Systems: Optimize the hot water demand with water efficient design
and minimize heat losses by optimizing the water distribution system length and
number of water heaters.
The outcome of this analysis will be captured in the form of “EO&GE Study Report” and
shall be considered in design development during the Project Proposal Phase.
Note: The Green Building study shall be in alignment with SAES-A-503 and SAES-A-504.
Note: The recommended third-party consultants to conduct the EO&GE Study is provided
in SABP-A-058.
8. FEL3- EO&GE Study Recommendations Close Out
This specific project deliverable is carried out during FEL3 project proposal phase. Any
concerns/suggestions to the EO&GE Study recommendations, for the specific domain,
shall be addressed and resolved with P&CSD/ESD.
A Close-Out Form (Appendix I) shall be completed and signed after the completion of the
EO&GE study before completion of Project Proposal phase. The Close-Out Form shall
ensure that EO&GE recommendations are incorporated in the design documents.
The recommendation implementation decisions need to be mentioned and documented
clearly with enough techno-economical evidence to support the decisions of accepting or
rejecting initiatives.
The following shall be included in the EO&GE Study Close Out (Appendix I):
1. A comprehensive list of identified initiatives with its techno-economic evaluation
for potential energy savings or capital cost savings in NPV.
2. A comprehensive list of identified initiatives with its potential CO2 emissions
reduction in K Ton Co2/yr.
3. A summary impact of the identified energy initiatives on the facility Energy Intensity
KPI.
4. A list of the recommended initiatives with estimated potential impact on
engineering documents and project execution schedule (upon discussion with
licensors/contractors).

For green buildings: In the Project Proposal Stage and prior to finalizing the schematic
design in 30% PP, the main design strategies with the greatest impact on building energy
consumption and HVAC system sizing shall be identified and evaluated. Supporting
documentation and economic analysis shall be provided at 30%, 60% and 90% of the
project proposal project phase to justify decisions.
Note: The design development will be supported and examined for the recommendations
implementation in the Detail Design phase of the project.

Appendix I: Implementation of EO&GE Study Recommendations Closure Form
For BI-10- xxxx

Date: xx/xx/xx
BI Title: Contractor: Project Phase:

EO&GE STUDY Energy Consultant: P&CSD/ESD Engineer: EO&GE STUDY Report
Issue Date:
The purpose of this form is to ensure energy-related design modifications recommended by the EO&GE
Study is incorporated in the project’s design documents during the Project Proposal phase to achieve the
desired levels of energy performance.
# EO&GE Reference Expected Equivalent Expected Expected Justification for

Recommend Design Energy CO2 EI KPI NPV Recommendations
ation Documents Savings Emission improvement benefits not implemented
Modified (if (MW or Reduction ( KBtu/Boe) ($ MM)
implemented) MMBtu/h) (kTon/Yr)
1
2
3
Submitted by:
_______________________________________.
IPT TEAM Leader (Name & Signature)
Date:
Approved by:
Concurred by:
________________________________________
EO&GE STUDY Standards Committee Chairman (Name & Signature) ESD General
Supervisor (Name & Signature)
Date: Date:

Appendix II: Energy Intensity KPI Formula
The present EI calculation methodology is as follows:
𝑴𝑴𝑩𝒕𝒖 𝑴𝑴𝑩𝒕𝒖
𝑴𝑴𝑩𝒕𝒖 𝑰𝒎𝒑𝒐𝒓𝒕𝒆𝒅 𝑷𝒐𝒘𝒆𝒓 ( ) 𝑬𝒙𝒑𝒐𝒓𝒕𝒆𝒅 𝑷𝒐𝒘𝒆𝒓 ( )
𝒉𝒓 )−( 𝒉𝒓 )
𝑻𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍 𝒑𝒓𝒊𝒎𝒂𝒓𝒚 𝒆𝒏𝒆𝒓𝒈𝒚 𝑪𝒐𝒏𝒔𝒖𝒎𝒆𝒅 ( )+(
𝒉𝒓 𝜼𝒈𝒓𝒊𝒅 𝜼𝑮𝑻
EI KPI= 𝑷𝒓𝒐𝒅𝒖𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 (𝑴𝑩𝑫𝒐𝒆)
Where,
𝜂𝐺𝑇 : is the Gas turbine efficiency of a Cogeneration unit

𝜂𝑔𝑟𝑖𝑑 : is the SEC grid average efficiency

Document History
10 May 2020 Major revision to Inclusion of renewables and green building domains as
per Energy Optimization and Green Energy PXP lens in addition to include
requirement for accelerated projects as well as CO2 emission reduction
and impact on the Energy KPI.
1 January 2018 Editorial revision to delete paragraph 3.3.
29 February 2016 Minor revision for name change, scope clarity, roles and responsibility
clarity, including some improvements in procedure to conduct EOS.
15 October 2014 New Saudi Aramco Engineering Procedure.

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Engineering Procedure

SAEP-42 10 May 2020

Previous Revision: 1 January 2018 Next Revision: 10 May 2025

Saudi Aramco: Company General Use

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Section 6 Energy Scope Assessment Criteria is added.

No sub- Requirement for accelerated projects and

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H&MB Heat & Material Balance

5.1 Capital Project’s Energy Scope Assessment Criteria

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Industrial Criteria (project should meet at least one of the following)

Criteria for Renewable Energy Scope

Criteria for Green Buildings Scope

5.2 Capital Project’s EO&GE Study Stages

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Figure 1: Project Phases

Figure 2: Accelerated Project Phase

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6. FEL2 Study Phase- EO&GE Study

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consumption base-line, identification of Energy Utility Systems alternatives, Inclusion of

Identification of Energy Utility Systems alternatives

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Define Process & Utilities Systems Integration Scenarios

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 Decision to conduct DBSP phase EO&GE Study either by a third-party

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 Review Process Description, PFD’s, H&MB, available simulation

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according to SAES-A-502, comparing the current utility consumption

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o HEN area targeting and capital loss identification and correction

7.2 DBSP Phase EO&GE Study for Renewable Energy

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7.3 DBSP Phase EO&GE Study for Green Buildings

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 Building’s orientation, form, geometry and massing: Energy and daylight

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Appendix I: Implementation of EO&GE Study Recommendations Closure Form

For BI-10- xxxx

BI Title: Contractor: Project Phase:

# EO&GE Reference Expected Equivalent Expected Expected Justification for

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