Lighting

CIBSE Commissioning Code L

The Society of
Light and Lighting
The rights of publication or translation are reserved.

No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a

retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means
without the prior permission of the Institution.

© June 2003 The Chartered Institution of Building Services

Engineers London

Registered charity number 278104

ISBN 1 903287 32 4

This document is based on the best knowledge available at

the time of publication. However no responsibility of any
kind for any injury, death, loss, damage or delay however
caused resulting from the use of these recommendations can
be accepted by the Chartered Institution of Building Services
Engineers, The Society of Light and Lighting, the authors or
others involved in its publication. In adopting these
recommendations for use each adopter by doing so agrees
to accept full responsibility for any personal injury, death,
loss, damage or delay arising out of or in connection with
their use by or on behalf of such adopter irrespective of the
cause or reason therefore and agrees to defend, indemnify
and hold harmless the Chartered Institution of Building
Services Engineers, The Society of Light and Lighting, the
authors and others involved in their publication from any
and all liability arising out of or in connection with such use
as aforesaid and irrespective of any negligence on the part of
those indemnified.

Typeset by CIBSE Publications Department

Printed in Great Britain by Page Bros. (Norwich) Ltd.,

Norwich, Norfolk, NR6 6SA

Note from the publisher

This publication is primarily intended to provide guidance to those responsible for the
design, installation, commissioning, operation and maintenance of building services. It is
not intended to be exhaustive or definitive and it will be necessary for users of the guidance
given to exercise their own professional judgement when deciding whether to abide by or
depart from it.

Printed on 100% recycled paper comprising at least 80%

post-consumer waste
Foreword
The effective operation of lighting systems is dependent on proper commissioning.
Commissioning enables the design to be fully realised which, for a good design, will lead
to more productive and satisfied occupants and added competitiveness for the building
owner. Commissioning of lighting is now an integral part of the requirements for new
buildings and major refurbishments under Building Regulations Part L2.
Until now there has been no CIBSE Commissioning Code dedicated to lighting. The
Code recognises that many key decisions relating to the construction process are taken at
the very early stages of a project. The Code therefore gives the strongest encouragement to
designers and clients to consider commissioning at the earliest stages, and to seek
specialist input early in the life of the project. The Code also stresses that responsibilities
for commissioning activities should be clearly assigned at the outset of the project, as the
required tasks may be shared among a number of consultants, contractors and
manufacturers.
CIBSE Commissioning Code L presents current standards of good commissioning
practice in the form of recommendations and guidance. The Code acknowledges that it
may be applied in a variety of contractual frameworks. Users will need to ensure that the
use of the Code is considered when contractual arrangements are being made, to ensure
that the recommendations of the Code are not in conflict with those of the contract.

Authors
Hilary Graves (BRE Environment; consultant)
Peter Phillipson (Future Group Lighting)

Commissioning Code L Steering Group

John Aston (Philips Lighting) Chairman
Alan Aldridge (Electrical Systems Trade Association)
Philip Buckle (Electrical Contractors’ Association)
Jonathan David (The Society of Light and Lighting)
Dr Hywel Davies (CIBSE Research Manager)
Andrew Ford (Fulcrum Consulting, for DTI)
Neil Jones (Ex-Or)
Stewart Langdown (Tridonic)
Derek MacMillan (ETAP Lighting)
Mike Simpson (Concord:Marlin)
Anthony Slater (BRE Environment)

Co-ordinating editor
Dr Hywel Davies

Editor
Jonathan David

CIBSE Publishing Manager

Jacqueline Balian

Acknowledgements
This work was part funded by the Department Trade and Industry (DTI) under the
Partners in Innovation Scheme, and the CIBSE Research Fund. This document is
published with the Department’s consent, but the views expressed are not necessarily
accepted or endorsed by the DTI.
Contents
L0 Introduction 1
L0.1 Scope 1
L0.2 Purpose 1
L0.3 Definitions 1
L0.4 The importance of commissioning 4
L0.5 Electrical safety 4
L0.6 Lighting commissioning 4
L0.7 Lighting controls 5

L1 Commissioning project management 5

L1.1 Forming a commissioning management team 5
L1.2 Commissioning activities 5
L1.3 Commissioning method statements 5
L1.4 Commissioning plan or timetable 5

L2 Pre-commissioning (preliminary) checks 6

L2.1 General 6
L2.2 State of the system 6
L2.3 Pre-commissioning certificate 6

L3 Commissioning 7
L3.1 Interior lighting 7
L3.2 Emergency lighting 7
L3.3 Exterior lighting 7
L3.4 Lighting controls 7
L3.5 Relationship between lighting and shading 8
L3.6 Measurement of illuminance 8
L4 System handover 8
L4.1 Witnessing arrangements 8
L4.2 Commissioning documentation 9
L4.3 Operator training 10
L5 Post-occupancy checks 10
References and Bibliography 11
Appendix LA1: Hypothetical examples of lighting commissioning 12
Appendix LA2: Checklists for the commissioning of lighting systems 14
Appendix LA3: Example commissioning method statement for lighting
system with automatic controls 19
Appendix LA4: Sample completion certificates 20
Appendix LA5: Safety issues 22
Appendix LA6: Notes concerning the design of lighting and
lighting control systems 23
Index 24

Lighting
L0 Introduction
L0.1 Scope
This Code advises on the stages required to commission
lighting systems and their associated control systems. The
Code represents standards of good practice, which are
presented in the form of recommendations and guidance
for the building services industry.
The Code covers the commissioning of interior lighting
systems. Although many of the ideas can be applied for
external lighting, the specific commissioning checks that
may be associated with road lighting, sports lighting,
exterior lighting of historic buildings and lighting in rural
areas are not covered.
Compliance with the Code does not confer immunity from
relevant statutory and legal requirements.
L0.2 Purpose
This Code is intended to be used as:
— A guide to good practice for the commissioning of
lighting and its associated control systems.
— A tool to assist the definition of commissioning
procedures.
— A basis for the preparation of commissioning
specifications.
It is not intended that contracts or specifications should
refer to the Code in its entirety, rather that direct
reference may be made to appropriate sections of the Code
when specifying requirements for lighting commissioning.
The Code may be used to guide clients (end users),
designers and commissioning engineers in deciding a
suitable form of contract/method statement for lighting
commissioning tasks. Appendix LA1 gives guidance on
which sections may be appropriate for different sizes and
complexities of projects. The Code is equally applicable to
new-build and refurbishment or retro-fit applications.
L0.3 Definitions
Area control unit
A control unit controlling a significant area of a building
into which one or more local control units may be
connected.
1
Building management system (BMS)
A BMS has at least one permanent operator workstation
(BMS supervisor) connected via a communications network
to a number of controllers which are often called
‘outstations’.
Building log book
A document detailing the state of the building services
systems within a building as defined by Building
Regulations Approved Document L2 (2002 edition).
Commissionable system
A system designed, installed and prepared to specified
requirements in such a manner as to enable
commissioning to be carried out.
Commissioning
Lighting commissioning is the process of ensuring that a
lighting scheme performs according to the design intent,
which should embrace the needs of the owner and occupants.
It includes the setting-to-work of an installation, the
regulation of the system and the fine tuning of the system.
Commissioning represents that aspect of the lighting
installation process that requires the attendance of the
lighting designer to ensure that it meets the design intent.
It is assumed that the installation is permanent or semi-
permanent (six months or more).
Commissioning completion certificate
A document signed off by the relevant parties as defined
by the contract to confirm that commissioning has been
completed to their satisfaction.
Commissioning management
The planning, organisation, co-ordination and control of
commissioning activities.
Commissioning manager (CM)
The firm or person appointed to manage the commissioning
process.
Commissioning method statement (CMS)
A document specifying the processes required to achieve
commissioning and those responsible for completing those
processes.
2 Lighting
Commissioning plan or timetable
A time schedule for the various works required to
complete commissioning.
Commissioning specification
The document that prescribes the requirements with which
the various commissioning services have to comply. Note:
the specification should refer to drawings, schedules and
relevant parts of the Code, manuals, guides and other
standards.
Communications or signal bus
A communications network used to connect field control
devices such as outstations and unitary controllers.
Configuration
The process of linking basic pre-defined control functions
to provide a control strategy.
Controlled illuminance
The process of managing the output of luminaires by
using an internal light sensor to set a target illuminance.
Control strategy
A list of required control functions for areas of the
building.
Correlated colour temperature (CCT)
The temperature of a full radiator (black body) which
emits radiation having a chromaticity nearest to that of
the light source being considered, expressed in kelvins.
Corridor link
Facility that relates office lighting to circulation lighting so
that exit routes are kept lit while any office lighting is on.
Critical path analysis
A method for defining the time-critical processes in a
project.
Design criteria
For numerical information, the specified numerical
quantities together with allowable deviations; otherwise
the specified requirements in qualitative terms. In the
latter case it is essential that subjective terms be avoided.
Design intent
A written specification of the whole lighting and control
system prepared by the lighting designer giving the design
criteria, control strategy and other system requirements,
as appropriate.
Digital multiplex (DMX) system
e.g. DMX512 – asynchronous serial digital data transmission
standard protocol for controlling lighting equipment and
accessories. Although it was originally defined by the United
States Institute of Theater Technology (USITT), its technical
definition is always being reviewed and updated by the
Entertainment Service and Technology Association (ESTA).
Dimming
Varying the light output/intensity of a luminaire.
‘Dimming’ systems are generally those that are used in
conference rooms etc. whereas ‘regulation’ or variable
output is used to describe the same control in offices.
External light sensor
Light sensing device mounted externally to measure
ambient lighting conditions.
Field control device
A control device such as an outstation or unitary controller.
Fit-out
The process of altering the internal configuration of a
building to suit the user’s needs.
Flexibility
The ability of a lighting installation to adapt to changing
needs and/or layouts (one of the popularly promoted
benefits of lighting controls).
Gateway
A device used to link two or more control systems which
have different communication protocols.
Group dependence
Similar to ‘corridor link’ but used where the linked
lighting is required for comfort or environmental reasons.
Handover
The process of handing the building over from the
contractor to the client following practical completion.
Hard and soft points
Points in the system where hardware (hard) or software
(soft) can be checked during the commissioning process.
Hard-fired
Term used to describe certain solid-state dimmer circuits.
HID lamp
Abbreviation for high-intensity discharge lamp
High-frequency control gear
For fluorescent or high-intensity discharge lighting,
electronic control gear which operates at a frequency
significantly above the normal mains frequency, and
usually well above the audible range.
Intelligent luminaires
Luminaires with in-built sensors and control circuitry.
Introduction
Internal light sensor
A photo-sensitive device that reads internal lighting
levels, usually as observed from the ceiling looking down.
IR
Abbreviation for ‘infra-red’, which is commonly used as a
means of transmitting coded commands for the purpose of
remote control. Usually initiated by hand.
Leading-edge dimmer
Type of dimmer that ‘chops’ the leading (or rising) edge of
the mains sine wave to reduce power delivered to
luminaires.
Lighting connection unit
A unit that connects a luminaire to the low-voltage power
supply.
Lighting controller
Any control unit for a lighting circuit.
Lighting designer (LD)
The person responsible for the detailed design of the
lighting scheme.
Local control unit
A control circuit for a small area that may be an individual
cellular office or part of a larger open plan area. The control
unit should be in the vicinity of the luminaire(s) it controls.
Low voltage
Voltage level up to 1000 V.
Mains-borne signalling
Transmission of command or data signals super-imposed
onto the mains-frequency power supply (also known as
power-line carrier (PLC) signalling)
Maintenance factor
The ratio of the illuminance provided by an installation at
some stated time, with respect to the initial illuminance,
e.g. that after 100 hours of operation. The maintenance
factor is the product of the lamp lumen maintenance factor,
the lamp survival factor (where group replacement without
spot replacement is carried out), the luminaire maintenance
factor and the room surface maintenance factor.
Marshalling box
Plug-in connection unit for luminaires that is similar to a
plug-in lighting control module. It may or may not have
intelligence/addressability. Usually contains between six
and ten sockets.
Miniature circuit breaker (MCB)
A compact mechanical device for making and breaking a
circuit both in normal conditions and in abnormal
conditions such as those of over-current, short-circuit or
earth fault. In abnormal conditions, the circuit should be
broken automatically.
3
Modular wiring
Pre-fabricated wiring harnesses designed to provide rapid
installation of lighting circuits and small power in ceiling
voids. Basically a ‘plug and socket’ approach to wiring.
Occupancy detection
Sensing the presence of occupants through PIR ,
microwave, ultrasonic or acoustic technology. Sensing
technologies may be combined (as is often the case with
security systems) to give greater accuracy/reliability.
Operating and maintenance manual (O&M manual)
A series of documents detailing the design intent, mode of
operation and maintenance requirements of building services
systems.
Operator workstation
A device used to provide a central monitoring facility for a
BMS . Also referred to as a ‘central station’, ‘head end’,
‘host’ or ‘BMS supervisor’.
Outstation
A device capable of control and monitoring functions to
which sensors, actuators and other controls are connected.
Outstations are linked by means of a communications bus.
Override
A system, usually manual in operation, which will
override the automatic control strategy.
Performance testing
The testing of a system, or a grouping of systems, to
determine whether certain performance criteria are met.
Photocell
A photo-sensitive device used to provide a reference
lighting level.
PIR
Abbreviation for ‘passive infra-red’, which is a presence/
occupancy sensing technology that is based on looking at
moving ‘hot bodies’ or infra-red signatures.
Point data
Data collected at pre-determined points in the system
during the commissioning process.
Practical completion
A legally defined point in the construction process where
a designated person, often the architect, agrees that all
major construction tasks have been satisfactorily
completed. There are still likely to be small defects (snags)
that must be rectified later.
Pre-commissioning
Specified systematic checking of a completed installation
to confirm its state of readiness for commissioning.
Predictive occupancy control
The use of a time schedule designed to control lighting
use in line with the hours of occupation.
4 Lighting
Ramp speed
The rate of fading or dimming a light. Used in ‘scene
setting’ to add interest to the establishment of different
lighting effects.
Regulation
Varying the output of fluorescent luminaires by managing
the control gear.
RF
Abbreviation for ‘radio-frequency’, which is used in a
similar manner to ‘infra-red’ transmission. This tech-
nology is also used to provide ‘wireless’ communication
between system devices.
Scene setting
The use of a lighting control system to create a number of
different lighting effects that can be set (and recalled)
using a single command from a show controller or push-
button. (The latter can be called a ‘go to’ switch.)
Show controller
An operator station, often based on a personal computer,
which allows the user to access, program and modify a
lighting management (control) system.
Specification
The document that prescribes the system design and
requirements for commissioning by reference to drawings,
information schedules and relevant codes, manuals, guides
and standards.
Switching
ON/OFF operation.
System integration
The linking of two or more control systems from different
manufacturers.
Testing
The measurement and recording of system parameters to
assess specification compliance.
Time schedule
A programme used to manage lighting according to the
time of day.
Trailing-edge dimmer
Type of dimmer that ‘chops’ the trailing (or falling) edge
of the mains sine wave to reduce power delivered to
luminaires.
Unitary control device
A control device that controls one single unit, which will
often be an integral part of that unit.
L0.4 The importance
of commissioning
A lighting installation has to be commissioned for
electrical safety and good practice, and compliance with
lighting design criteria such as technical compliance with
lighting levels (if specified in the commissioning method
statement) and control system programming. Some
projects may also require aiming and focusing of
equipment for aesthetic reasons alone to fulfil a
contractual need of the client. All of the commissioning
tasks should form part of the construction schedules and
not be seen as separate from other construction works.
It has been assumed that the various aspects that make up
the final lighting installation have been designed properly.
Therefore, once the installation has been completed and
commissioned, it should comply with the design criteria. If
it has been installed correctly but cannot meet the design
criteria, then the design or the equipment is at fault and not
the commissioning (which should identify such
shortcomings). There are, however, guidance notes in
Appendix LA6 that cover some aspects of the design
process.
L0.5 Electrical safety
The fixed electrical installation should be designed,
constructed, inspected and tested in accordance with the
current version of BS 7671: Requirements for electrical
installations (the IEE Wiring Regulations)(1), or another
equivalent standard, and related standards or codes of
practice. Further recommendations for safe working good
practice are included in Appendix LA5.
If the contractor is installing to a third party design,
there should be adequate liaison between the parties
concerned to ensure that the design criteria do not
conflict with any safety requirements stipulated by the
relevant standard. For example, a lighting designer may
wish to integrate the emergency lighting with the main
lighting for aesthetic reasons. It is in the lighting
designer’s interest to ensure that the design complies
with BS 5266: Emergency lighting(2). If it did not comply,
then the contractor would be bound to mention this on
the installation certificate as a deviation from the
standard.
L0.6 Lighting commissioning
It is essential that the lighting design intent is realised in
the final installation. The luminaires should be of the
specified type, with the correct lamps, in their intended
positions and should all work correctly. The control system
should work and be programmed correctly. The
commissioning should be documented (by the designated
person) to allow others to maintain the lighting installation
as intended. This Code advises on the visits, procedures and
documentation that are necessary to achieve this.
Once an installation has been installed, it should be
checked to ensure that the illuminances meet the required
levels (if specified in the commissioning method
statement). The References and Bibliography list
publications which recommend lighting levels/targets that
may be used by a lighting designer in any given design.
There are statutory guidelines that refer to lighting
commissioning, e.g. Approved Document (AD) L2 of the
Building Regulations (2002 edition) (3), that give some
guidance on the inspection and commissioning of building
services systems including lighting in non-domestic
Introduction
buildings. Following the detailed advice in this Code
(CIBSE/SLL Commissioning Code L) would be one
method of demonstrating compliance with AD L2.
The lighting industry has developed a declaration of
conformity for Parts L1 and L2 which should in due
course be available from the Lighting Association(4) and
Lighting Industry Federation(5) websites. This form may
be offered to building control bodies as evidence of the
compliance of completed lighting systems with Part L1 or
L2 as relevant. Building control bodies will need to be
satisfied, as in other cases, as to the credentials of those
who sign these declarations and that the technical
information conveyed in them is satisfactory as evidence
for the purposes of establishing that the works meet the
requirements.
L0.7 Lighting controls
The purpose of commissioning the lighting controls
includes ensuring that automatic control systems work
correctly, realising the aesthetic quality of the lighting,
ensuring that end users can use the systems and
minimising wasted energy. This Code advises on these
matters. Further guidance is available in CIBSE
Commissioning Code C: Automatic controls(6).
L1 Commissioning
project management
L1.1 Forming a commissioning
management team
For large installations a commissioning management team
should be formed to co-ordinate and oversee the
commissioning process. Further guidance is available in
CIBSE Commissioning Code M: Commissioning
management(7).
The formation of a full commissioning management team
may not be appropriate for projects with relatively simple
automatic control systems and small project teams, but
commissioning management should not be ignored just
because the project is small.
The following procedures should be followed:
— It is important to decide who will have overall
responsibility for the lighting commissioning.
This person should develop a commissioning
checklist (Appendix LA2 can be used as a basis for
this checklist). The checklist should be distributed
to the lighting designer (LD), the architect, the
interior designer, the mechanical & electrical
( M & E ) consultant, the main contractor, the
electrical contractor and subcontractors and
suppliers associated with commissioning their own
equipment supplied to a project, for example a
control system programmer. These people should
meet on a regular basis.
— A name should be placed against each of the
activities in the list of Appendix LA2. If a
particular item is not relevant, then this should be
5
written on the sheet and not left blank. This will
ensure that every aspect of the commissioning is
considered.
— It is important to identify an overall designer of
the lighting scheme. The lighting designer (LD)
should represent the client’s needs and overview
the lighting design in its entirety. The LD may be a
separate lighting designer/consultant or may be
the M&E consultant.
— At the start of a commissioning project the various
parties should agree on communication ‘path ways’.
— A framework for a communication network should
be drawn up to aid the smooth flow of information.
The installation and commissioning of a control
system is frequently let on a subcontract basis. This
can impede the flow of information between the
control system designer/specifier and the control
system vendor. To help address this problem, it is
beneficial in many projects if the control system
contractor can have a direct line of communication
with the system designer along with other relevant
suppliers and subcontractors. However, such a
framework must take into account any contractual
obligations and responsibilities.
— The particular requirements for the commissioning
of the control system can be kept to the fore by the
regular attendance of the commissioning engineer at
project/site meetings.
L1.2 Commissioning activities
An example of a general checklist of activities required for
a successful commissioning process is included as
Appendix LA2. The ‘person responsible’ for each activity
will depend on the contractual arrangements but should
be inserted as early as possible in the process. It is
essential that responsibility for the completion of any task
be assigned before the task is started. Recommendations
for issues to consider in the design process for ease of
commissioning, ease of maintenance and energy efficiency
are given in Appendix LA6.
L1.3 Commissioning
method statements
A commissioning method statement should be produced by
the person with overall responsibility for commissioning
activities (or their nominated deputy). An example of a
commissioning method statement for a generic mixed
manual and automatic lighting system is included as
appendix LA3. In practice, responsibilities between parties
will vary depending on the contractual framework.
L1.4 Commissioning plan or timetable
The person designated with responsibility for managing
the commissioning process should:
— Make sure that the main contractor includes
lighting commissioning dates on the time lines
issued to contractors and clients.
6 Lighting
— Use a tool such as critical path analysis to plan the
pre-commissioning, commissioning and handover
tasks, their duration and interdependencies with
each other and other M&E services.
— Consider the critical points in the process by
which time certain tasks must be completed for
the next task to start – strategic co-ordination
points (e.g. electrical power must be available
before luminaire function can be tested).
— Identify where tasks may be completed early (i.e.
during the construction phase) or off-site.
— Consider whether phased completion, if feasible,
will help to reduce the overall commissioning time
scale and plan accordingly.
— Continue to monitor progress against timetable,
warn project management if deviations in other
schedules are likely to have a significant effect on
the commissioning schedule.
— Ensure that the client’s representative is involved,
particularly with regard to any programming
requirements.
L2 Pre-commissioning
(preliminary) checks
L2.1 General
All pre-commissioning checks should be recorded on a
pre-commissioning checklist. As many of these checks as
possible should be carried out off-site. Tasks suitable for
off-site commissioning include software applications and
control panel testing. Speculative office buildings may
have two separate lighting designs. The initial design may
be a simple system with mainly manual controls. The final
user specification will be developed at the fit-out stage,
which may be a separate project from the original build.
The fit-out commissioning process should be planned in
the same manner as a new-build commissioning process
and the relevant changes made to the design and
commissioning record.
L2.2 State of the system
All lighting system components should be installed
according to the system design drawings and an appropriate,
stable power supply should be available. All lighting system
components should be those specified in the original
design. Specification ‘breaking’ may have a serious adverse
effect on total lighting efficacy, efficiency and the
aesthetic quality of the design and on the time required
for commissioning. Substitutions should only be made
with the agreement of the lighting designer, and a written
change record should be made.
L2.2.1 Mechanical checks
— All luminaire positioning that requires co-operation
with other installers (such as air conditioning
contractors, installers of girders and plasterers)
should be co-ordinated early in the building
contract.
— All luminaires should be in the correct position (as
defined by the system drawings) and be in the
correct orientation.
— All luminaires should be clean and undamaged
with the correct lamps fitted (i.e. manufacturer,
rating, phosphor and electrical type).
— All lamps in emergency luminaires should be
checked for damage and wear caused during the
construction phase.
— All channel dials and function switches (as
appropriate) should be set to the specified settings.
— All sensor levels should be set to the specified levels.
— All items should be uniquely and clearly labelled,
particularly control panels.
— Alignment of all luminaires (especially flood
lighting) should be checked to avoid glare and
unwanted over-spill and a check should be made
that any conditions attached to planning
permission have been complied with.
— All cover plates should be fitted and electrical
segregation complete.
— All raise and lower gear should be checked.
— All safety chains, safety cords and filter holders etc.
on luminaires should be securely mounted;
associated control gear should be fixed securely on
lighting trusses, booms, barrels and bars, or placed in
a secure position.
L2.2.2 Electrical checks
— All luminaires, switches and sensors should be
wired according to the wiring diagrams provided.
— All lights or track circuits should be wired to the
specified control switch or dimmer.
— All mains wiring has been tested and certified as
complying with the recommendations of BS
7671(1).
— Appropriate power has been provided to the
systems to be commissioned. The voltage and
frequency should be stable and within the limits
laid down in the Electricity Safety, Quality and
Continuity Regulations(8) and within the voltage-
drop limits specified in BS 7671(1).
L2.3 Pre-commissioning certificate
It is recommended that the person responsible for
commissioning management produces a pre-commissioning
certificate (see Appendix LA4).
This certificate can include a checklist of pre-
commissioning tasks and the person responsible for the task.
Those responsible for the tasks should sign the completed
checklist to signify that the checks have been completed
satisfactorily.
Commissioning
L3 Commissioning
L3.1 Interior lighting
Carry out commissioning steps as defined by the
commissioning method statement. The checklists in
Appendix LA2 may help to define the steps required. The
specific checklist in Appendix LA2 (Figure LA2.2) can be
modified to suit the particular commissioning project, or be
used in its entirety, in which case ‘not applicable’ should be
written in the check boxes that are not appropriate for that
project.
Carry out measurements of illuminance if defined in the
commissioning method statement, see section L3.6.
It is important that the aiming and focusing of adjustable
luminaires are adequately addressed. If all other lighting
needs to be switched off during this process, project
schedules must allow the site to be free from other workers
requiring light.
Safety method statements must allow those aiming and
focusing the luminaires to use appropriate access gear
belonging to, or hired by, the installer. If it is intended that
the luminaires be adjusted by the end user after practical
completion of the project, this must be indicated in the
commissioning method statement (see section L1.3).
L3.2 Emergency lighting
Commissioning of emergency lighting should be carried
out with reference to BS 5266 Emergency lighting(2).
L3.3 Exterior lighting
Lighting attached to a building providing access
lighting or security lighting near the building is covered
by this Code and shall be commissioned according to
the design specification. Carry out measurements of
illuminance if defined in the commissioning method
statement – see section L3.6.
L3.4 Lighting controls
L3.4.1 General
Ensure that any specified fail-safe/emergency control
routines operate correctly.
L3.4.2 Manual controls
Ensure that manual switches switch the correct zone of
luminaires as labelled.
L3.4.3 Daylight-linked/lumen maintenance
and intelligent luminaires
Ensure that the light sensor is located in a representative
location. Calibrate the light sensor to give the specified
light levels at the specified positions. The calibration
should be performed using a certified, calibrated portable
7
light meter. (Note: A copy of a current calibration
certificate should be attached to calibration results sheets.)
BS 667(9) provides guidance on the calibration and use of
such light meters.
Where possible, the calibration of the light sensor should
take place at the lighting controller or operator workstation
(via configuration software). Direct manual calibration at the
sensor itself may result in calibration being adversely affected
as the person performing the calibration will block some of
the light which would otherwise fall on the sensor. When
local calibration cannot be avoided, care must be taken to
minimise any adverse effects by the person commissioning,
e.g. by the use of remote-head portable light meters.
Calibration of the light sensors should take place when the
building is fully furnished. See also Section L3.6. Ensure
that luminaires do not dim to a point where flicker is
detected. Ensure appropriate time-delay settings to reduce
nuisance dimming caused by transient conditions, e.g.
passing clouds.
L3.4.4 Occupancy sensors
Ensure that:
— The zone occupancy sensor is located and
orientated correctly in relation to the occupants.
— The occupancy sensor sensitivity is appropriate by
adjusting the detector sensitivity to ensure that
occupant movement is detected throughout the
occupied zone. Note that too low a sensitivity will
result in seated occupants not being detected, while
too high a sensitivity may result in movement
outside the controlled zone activating the lights.
— The time delay setting is representative of the
occupant work/movement patterns. Ideally, the
time delay settings should be assessed when the
building is occupied.
L3.4.5 Manual dimming
Ensure that the upper and lower limits of the dimming
range are as specified.
L3.4.6 Sweep-off
Ensure that the start and stop times along with the
override control (e.g. occupant or security staff override)
are as specified.
L3.4.7 End user-operated systems
Occupant overrides range from simple set point adjustment
and push button overrides to PC and telephone-based
systems. The following general procedures should be
followed. Ensure that:
— The physical location of occupant control devices
is correct.
— Each occupant control device is linked to the
building control system communications network.
— Each occupant control device controls the correct
lighting zone.
8 Lighting
— The control band of the occupant control is as
specified.
— The default control settings for each occupant
control device are correct.
— Any specified automatic override function
operates correctly.
For IT-based occupant controls (PC or telephone-based
systems), ensure that each occupant command relates to
the correct luminaires or lamps and operates in the
specified manner.
Ensure that the database containing occupant details can
be easily accessed and amended in order to reflect future
changes in occupancy patterns.
L3.4.8 Scene-set controllers
Ensure that scenes operate according to specification.
Ensure that scenes are labelled adequately to allow an
untrained user to select the correct option.
L3.4.9 Central controller or building
management system (BMS)
The following commissioning procedures are applicable
for a central controller or BMS.
Ensure that:
— The specified software release is installed.
— Passwords and associated access levels are set up
correctly.
— All outstations and unitary control devices can be
addressed and data sent and retrieved. This should
include any specified retrieval of point data and the
ability to download configuration software and
perform alterations to control points and strategies.
— Any specified building schematics are displayed
correctly on request and that the monitored point
data associated with each schematic are also
correct i.e. ensure that the ‘binding’ — correlation
— of the graphics and monitored data is correct.
— Data logging functions operate correctly.
— Logged data can be displayed correctly.
— Archiving of logged data, system configuration
details and control parameters operates correctly.
— Any specified automatic report generation
software operates correctly (automatic generation
of point list and control strategy schematics etc).
— Any specified third party management software
such as energy targeting and monitoring software
can retrieve the necessary data from the central
supervisor/BMS. Check for the specified operation
of the software (data analysis and display/
management reports etc).
L3.4.10 Communication networks
Ensure that:
— All control devices can be addressed over the
communications network.
— The speed of communications is at least that
specified. It is important that this is assessed when
the network is under ‘normal’ operating
conditions in order to reflect the in-use level of
network traffic.
— Data communication is error free, i.e. there is no
data corruption at the level of the control system.
(Communication errors may occur but these
should be resolved automatically by the network
communication devices.)
— No cross corruption of data occurs when the
building control system shares a network with
other IT-based systems.
— All network devices such as routers and bridges
operate correctly.
— Network resilience is satisfactory if dual or
redundant networks are installed.
— Screened cables and termination devices have been
installed in systems where this is critical, for
example ethernet and DMX systems.
L3.5 Relationship between
lighting and shading
For automatic shading systems (for example automated
blinds), ensure that the system works as specified. The
shading should be minimised before the lights are
activated and the lights should be switched off before the
shading is activated. Manual override may be required to
avoid discomfort glare.
L3.6 Measurement of illuminance
If illuminance measurements are required by the specific
commissioning contract they should be noted in the
commissioning method statement and may be carried out
in accordance with CIBSE/SLL Code for lighting appendix
‘Verification of lighting installation performance’(10).
L4 System handover
L4.1 Witnessing arrangements
The requirements for system witnessing should be included
in the system specification. It is recommended that, as a
minimum, witnessing should include the following:
— An audit of the system hardware installed. This
should include luminaires and attachments, control
field devices and any operator workstations.
— Confirmation that spare lamps, accessories and
other specified components have been handed over
in a serviceable state.
— Verification of any operator software and
associated graphics.
— The operation of control equipment for any main
and/or critical items of lighting should be
witnessed completely along with a random sample
of other points.
System handover
— The number of random points to be witnessed will
depend on the size of the complete system. For
example, the following rules of thumb may be
helpful: if less than 300 points witness all the
points, between 300 and 1000 points witness 50%,
and if more than 1000 points witness 20% (with a
minimum of 500 points witnessed).
— If the failure rate is greater than 5%, then the
lighting designer (or equivalent party) should
reserve the right to witness 100% of the points.
— If there are several identical lighting sub-systems,
one can be witnessed in detail, with the others
witnessed on a random basis.
— Logs should be used (if available) when witnessing
points in order to monitor the performance of any
control actions.
— Verification of handover of all operating manuals
and system documentation (see section L4.2).
— Verification of handover of backup copies of
software.
— Verification of system operator training requirements.
L4.2 Commissioning documentation
L4.2.1 Checklists
Checklists are an important means of monitoring and
recording the progress of the commissioning process.
Checklists serve a variety of functions and can help provide
the following:
— a record of tasks to be performed
— a means of monitoring the commissioning process
— a record of completed work
— a means of measuring the quality of the installation
— a record of commissioning data for inclusion in the
operating and maintenance manual (O&M manual);
this should include records of final changes/fine
tuning updates.
Checklists should be used throughout the pre-
commissioning and commissioning stages.
L4.2.2 Commissioning completion certificate
It is recommended that the person responsible for
commissioning management produces a commissioning
completion certificate. An example of a possible form for
this certificate is given as appendix LA4. The certificate
may include a checklist of commissioning tasks. The
commissioning certificate should be signed by the
commissioning engineer and witnessed by the lighting
designer and a user/client representative.
In some projects it may be necessary to perform a phased
completion programme in which the lighting system is
completed and certified in sections. However, if a certified
section is altered in any way during the rest of the
construction programme, it should be re-certified before
handover. It is recommended that such alterations be
avoided if at all possible.
9
L4.2.3 O&M manual/handover report
Responsibility for producing and checking the O & M
manual will have been assigned at an earlier stage.
Responsibility for providing some of the information will
almost certainly fall to the commissioning engineer as
defined by the terms of the specific contract. The
following list is useful for compiling the O&M manual.
— Check that an initial draft of the O&M manual has
been submitted to the lighting designer or
equivalent party for approval prior to
commissioning (when required under contract).
— O&M documentation should be produced as the
work proceeds and updated when necessary. This
work should commence at the start of the contract
and be added to/updated as the contract progresses.
— Ensure that approved final copies of the O&M
manuals are provided at handover.
— The O&M manual should be properly indexed.
Terminology and references used must be
consistent with the physical identification of
component parts.
— Write up (or print out from the control system’s
memory) the settings of each scene in terms of
fade time, the lighting channels that are invoked
per scene and the level per channel. Note that
different manufacturers of control systems use
the terms ‘control channel’, ‘dimming channel’,
‘circuit’, ‘pre-set’, ‘state’ and ‘scene’ in various,
and sometimes inconsistent, ways that are not
always clear to end users. The terms must be
defined for each type of system.
— Ensure that the O & M manual includes the
following and is included in the site health and
safety file:
— written description of system operation
— control strategy/logic diagrams recording
the version of configuration software
installed at handover
— details of system application software
configuration
— points list including hard and soft points
(all points should have a unique
mnemonic) – unless this is clearly
incorporated in the system software, in
which case make appropriate reference to
this element.
— description of user adjustable points
— commissioning record details
— detailed data sheets for all control
components and equipment wiring circuit
details including origin, route and
destination of each cable
— comprehensive instructions for switching
on, operation, switching off, isolation,
fault finding and procedures for dealing
with emergency conditions
— instructions for any precautionary
measures necessary
10
— instructions for the routine operation of
the control system including simple day-
to-day guidance for those operating the
control system with limited technical skill
— instructions for servicing and system
upkeep
— provision for update and modification
— recommendations, if appropriate, regard-
ing access for maintenance, bulk lamp
changing, and risk assessments for
maintenance.
Note that other documentation requirements may be
applicable depending on the sophistication of the system.
Ensure that the O&M manual includes comprehensive
system operation instructions. Further information
concerning O&M manuals is contained in the CIBSE Guide
to ownership, operation and maintenance of building services(11).
The O&M manual should be referred to from the building
log book as specified by Approved Document L2 of the
Building Regulations(3), paragraphs 3.1 and 3.2. A guide to
compiling the building log book is given in CIBSE TM
31: Building energy log books(12).
L4.3 Operator training
The successful operation of a lighting control system
depends very much on the skill and knowledge of the
system operator. As such, adequate training of system
operators is therefore essential. It is advantageous if the
intended system operator can be present during at least
part of the commissioning stage. This will allow the
operator to become familiar with the system and develop
experience while commissioning staff are on site. The
degree of beneficial interaction between the operator and
the commissioning personnel will depend on the ability of
the operator and the terms of the commissioning contract.
The requirement for operator training will depend on the
complexity of the control system and the client’s intended
approach to operating the system, along with the degree to
which reliance will be placed on external support and
operational services.
The operator should be capable of understanding how the
lighting system operates as a complete system and how the
controls work as part of this system.
System operators can be grouped into the following broad
categories:
Basic operator
At this level system operators are expected to have a basic
understanding of the control system architecture and have
the ability to view point data. It is not expected that the
operator will make any alterations to the system. Typical
abilities include:
— call up and view point data from schematics and/or
points lists
— acknowledge system alarms
— view trend logs.
Lighting
Intermediate operator
In addition to the above, an intermediate operator should
be capable of making basic alterations to the system
including:
— changes to time and occupancy programmes
— changes to control set points
— setting up trend logs
— setting up alarm routines.
Advanced operator
At this level the operator should be capable of:
— adding or changing graphics
— changing control strategies
— adding analogue and digital inputs/outputs to the
system
— system back-up and archiving of logged data
— re-loading system software/configuration details.
Note: Unauthorised changes to systems may affect
warranties and should be checked with the installers and
suppliers as appropriate.
Facilities managers and maintenance personnel are likely
to need to know the following properties of the
illumination systems:
— the types of luminaires used
— the correct types of lamps to be used for each
luminaire type
— advised maintenance cycles
— access for maintenance
— the location of spares
— the location of switches.
These lists are indicative and not intended to be
exhaustive.
L5 Post-occupancy checks
It is important that lighting control systems be checked
for correct operation under representative operational
conditions. During the commissioning period these
conditions may not arise because the building is
unoccupied. In addition, it is difficult properly to verify
the performance of seasonal variations in control
strategies. For these reasons control systems should be
checked when the building is occupied. In addition,
illuminances cannot be checked until the space is
completely fitted out and furnished. Representative
operational conditions will often involve checks at dusk
and/or night time.
The extent and frequency of post-occupancy checks
should be included in the control system specification as
part of the contract between the building owner and the
construction supply chain and will depend on the nature
and complexity of the control system. It is also important
Post-occupancy checks
that lease documents support any contractual
requirements for post-occupancy evaluation and ensure
that the leaseholder is required to provide reasonable
access for their performance.
Post-handover checks can comprise a continuation of
functional checking relating directly to the lighting
control system. Where a central control system is
implemented, use should be made of its logging functions
once it is confirmed that these are operating accurately.
This feature along with the ability to display trend logs is
invaluable when performing operational checks.
References
1 BS 7671: Requirements for electrical installations. IEE Wiring
Regulations (London: British Standards Institution) (2002)
2 BS 5266: Emergency lighting (London: British Standards
Institution) (seven parts)
3 The Building Regulations 2000 Conservation of fuel and power
Approved Document L2: Conservation of fuel and power in
buildings other than dwellings (London: The Stationary
Office) (2002)
4 Declaration of conformity to the Building Regulations 2000:
Approved Document L1 Conservation of fuel and power in dwellings
and Approved Document L2: Conservation of fuel and power in
buildings other than dwellings (Telford: Lighting Association)
(2003), can be downloaded from www.lightingassociation.com
5 Declaration of conformity to the Building Regulations 2000:
Approved Document L1 Conservation of fuel and power in dwellings
and Approved Document L2: Conservation of fuel and power in
buildings other than dwellings (London: Lighting Industry
Federation) (2003), can be downloaded from www.lif.co.uk
6 Automatic controls CIBSE Commissioning Code C (London:
Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers) (2001)
7 Commissioning management CIBSE Commissioning Code M
(London: Chartered Institution of Building Services
Engineers) (2003)
11
8 Electricity Safety, Quality and Continuity Regulations 2002 SI
2002 No. 2665 (London: The Stationery Office) (2002)
9 BS 667: Specification for illuminance meters (London: British
Standards Institution) (1996)
10 Code for Lighting (London: Chartered Institution of Building
Services Engineers/Society of Light and Lighting) (2002)
11 Guide to ownership, operation and maintenance of building services
(London: Chartered Institution of Building Services
Engineers) (2000)
12 Building energy log books — A guide and standard template for
preparing log books for non-domestic buildings CIBSE TM31
(London: Chartered Institution of Building Services
Engineers) (2003)
13 The visual environment for display screen use CIBSE/SLL Lighting
Guide 3 (London: Chartered Institution of Building Services
Engineers/Society of Light and Lighting) (1996 including
addendum 2001 and declaration of conformity 2002).
14 Lighting in the countryside, towards good practice
DETR/Countryside Commission (London: HMSO) (1997)
15 BS 5489 Road lighting (in the process of being replaced by BS
EN 13201 but BS 5489 will be revised to form a UK application
document)
16 Energy efficiency in lighting — an overview GIR 92 (London:
Action Energy) (2003)
Bibliography
Hospitals and health care buildings CIBSE Lighting Guide 2 (London:
Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers) (1989, addendum
1999)
Lecture, teaching and conference rooms CIBSE Lighting Guide 5 (London:
Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers) (1991)
The outdoor environment CIBSE Lighting Guide 6 (London: Chartered
Institution of Building Services Engineer) (1992)
Museums and art galleries CIBSE Lighting Guide 8 (London: Chartered
Institution of Building Services Engineers) (1994)
12
Appendix LA1: Hypothetical examples of lighting commissioning
Every lighting installation needs commissioning, whether
it be a very simple project involving a client and one
contractor or a multi-function public building with
offices, walkways, hire out facilities and exhibitions.
Below are some hypothetical examples of how a project
might be commissioned. They are not templates, as every
project has different parameters and different parties
involved in the design and installation.
In all cases, someone should be appointed as the
commissioning manager. The tasks defined in sections
1.1–1.7 of the Specific checklist (Figure LA2.2) in
Appendix LA2 always apply; the examples show how other
tasks may or may not apply.
LA1.1 Example 1
A school wanted exterior floodlighting installed and
wanted an adjacent corridor to be re-lit. The only parties
involved were the client — the school’s representative —
and a local electrical contractor. The brief was minimal
and stated that the car park needed to be lit at certain
times, but not all night, and in the most energy efficient
way possible. Equipment had to be easy to maintain and
needed to match, where possible, other equipment. One
local neighbour had previously complained about ‘too
much light at night’. The corridor lighting was to be low
energy use and comply with modern practice.
First, the contractor decided to not consult anyone else
and perform a design and build project. The contractor
chose suitable new floodlights with characteristics
including long-life sources and good lumens/watt efficacy,
and compact fluorescent interior lighting for the corridor
(some with an emergency facility) along with new exit
signs to match others installed in a previous contract.
The electrical contractor worked out the quantity and
spacing and decided to use a time switch with two
switching modes to allow for midnight switch off. Having
worked out a plan and had approval from the client (and
their approved bodies), the electrical contractor installed
the equipment and appointed its site manager to be the
commissioning manager. Once all the equipment was
installed and working, the contractor aimed the
floodlights on to the car park, being mindful of the
complaint regarding glare.
The commissioning manager signed tasks 1.1–2.2 of the
Specific checklist (Figure LA2.2) in Appendix LA2 and
ticked them as the work was completed. The
commissioning manager ticked task 2.3, as the phosphor
of the compact fluorescent lamps was chosen to match the
rest of the corridors. Task 2.4 was also ticked since the
floodlights were available in three beam widths and,
although it would not have mattered from an electrical
safety point of view, installing the wrong beam type would
have lit the car park wrongly and perhaps caused glare to
the neighbour.
Lighting
Task 2.5 was N/A as the high-intensity discharge lamps
chosen were only available at one correlated colour
temperature. Tasks 2.9, 2.10, 2.11 and 2.13 were deemed
relevant but the rest of section 2 was thought N/A.
Of section 3, only tasks 3.1, 3.2 and 3.3 were deemed
relevant with the rest filled in N/A. The commissioning
manager signed tasks 3.1 and 3.3 but, crucially, it was the
client who completed task 3.2, because the midnight
switch off was the client’s decision not the contractor’s.
LA1.2 Example 2
A local business decided that its new office would be used
by VDT operators. It used a local building firm (a main
contractor) which had its own electrical contractor. The
electrical contractor asked a VDT lighting equipment
supplier to make sure that the scheme complied with the
CIBSE/SLL Code for lighting(10) and LG3(13) and this service
was paid for. The control system was commissioned by its
manufacturer as a paid service and the control system
engineer carried out the task. The control system uses
passive infra-red and photocells with some switch .
The commissioning manager in this case is the main
contractor. However, since the main contractor does not
want to be involved in lighting matters, all he/she does is
to assign the right person to the right task in the Specific
checklist (Figure LA2.2).
He gives the electrical contractor responsibility for task 1 in
the Specific checklist (Figure LA2.2). The electrical
contractor was also given responsibility for tasks 2.1 and
2.3, along with tasks 3.7 and 3.10. A part of the scheme used
wallwashing as a technique. The electrical contractor, being
unfamiliar with wallwashing, asked the luminaire
manufacturer to take responsibility for tasks 2.2 and 2.6.
(On other projects the electrical contractor might do this
task instead.)
The luminaire manufacturer signed for and checked tasks
2.13 to 2.18 with illuminance meters and recorded its
findings. It was not surprised to be asked to do this as it
had agreed to it at the time of the order of the equipment.
The manufacturer also carried out and signed tasks 3.5
and 3.12, being the designers of the system. The control
system engineer carried out tasks 3.4, 3.6, 3.8 and 3.13.
All of the other tasks were marked N / A . The main
contractor knew who was doing what and it was sorted out
in one meeting.
LA1.3 Example 3
A museum opened and had a complicated multimedia
event together with architectural lighting and office
administration spaces.
Appendix LA1: Hypothetical examples of lighting commissioning
As well as a client, an architect, a main contractor and an
electrical contractor, there is an interior designer, a
lighting designer and a multimedia subcontractor. The
building had a BMS that communicated with the
multimedia museum control system twice a day. From
then on the multimedia system was stand alone.
To begin with, the client or the main contractor appointed
a commissioning manager. The list of tasks in the Specific
checklist in Appendix LA2 (Figure LA2.2) was assigned
to the relevant professionals listed above.
The commissioning manager must be aware of the subtle
distinction between checking that a system works and
checking that it is programmed correctly.
It is easy to assume that the office lighting control system,
the BMS , the show controller with its linked museum
13
lighting control system, and the architectural non-
museum-space lighting controls will be designed,
installed, focused and programmed by the same party.
This is unlikely to be the case.
The checklist must be extended to incorporate all of the
subsystems. In complicated projects, the commissioning
will also involve site visits at various stages of the building
construction to check that critical locations of lighting
niches, surface-to-luminaire offsets etc. are not altered
without consultation (see checklist, Figure LA2.2, task
1.1, for example).
If the lighting designer is overruled about such matters, it
may mean that the aesthetic intent of the installation
cannot be realised later at the programming stage. The
task list will allow the client to know who will check these
matters in good time before completion of the project.
14 Lighting

Appendix LA2: Checklists for the commissioning of lighting systems

Task Person responsible Signature Tick RIBA

stage
(note 3)

Pre-construction phase:
Appoint commissioning manager (CM) or assign
specific responsibilities for commissioning process C

Distribute design to main contractor (MC), lighting designers (LD),

installers, commissioning engineer(s), facilities manager(s) D

Where possible, check design(s) for commissionability D

Where possible, check design for ease of maintenance D

Make design changes if identified above E

Agree communication pathways K

Produce commissioning method statement (CMS) for each system K

Produce commissioning timetable (plan) with critical path analysis K

Co-ordinate lighting commissioning timetable with other services — determine

strategic mechanical and electrical co-ordination points — approve timetable K

Construction phase/pre-handover:

Agree schedule for regular project meetings K

Have there been any equipment substitutions from original design? Tick if yes. K

If yes above, does substitute equipment meet the design requirements? Tick if yes. K

Has lighting designer been consulted on any proposed location changes

of luminaires to suit site constraints? Tick if yes. K

Install and wire hardware as per design and/or instructions and certify completion K

During construction phase review commissioning timetable in light of progress K

Perform pre-commissioning checks from CMS and provide written

confirmation of fitness for commissioning K

Schedule, perform and certify off-site commissioning checks from CMS K

Perform commissioning as per CMS K

Witness commissioning checks as per CMS K

Certify commissioning completion K

Complete ‘as installed’ drawings and instructions for O&M manual K

Train facilities manager, maintenance staff and/or end users in

system operation as per CMS K

Draw attention to maintenance risk assessments required

and access equipment necessary K

Sign completion certificate K

Post-handover phase:

Schedule and complete post-handover checks (e.g. seasonal operations)

if required by CMS L

Complete end user training as required by CMS L

Notes:
1 The person(s) responsible for each task should be assigned at the initial contract stage.
2 For some lighting control systems the commissioning engineer may be a representative of the manufacturer.
3 The RIBA stages are included in this checklist for information only about the stage at which each task might be addressed; it is not intended that
they should form part of an actual checklist. A flowchart showing the construction process and the RIBA stages of work is included in this Appendix.

Figure LA2.1 General checklist for the commissioning of lighting systems

Appendix LA2: Checklists for the commissioning of lighting systems 15

Task Person responsible Signature Tick Notes

(If task is not applicable to a project CM should put ‘N/A’. Do not leave blank.)

Commissioning to ensure:
1.1 Critical offset distances of luminaires or structures have been achieved Note 1

1.2 Electrical installation meets recommendations of BS 7671 Note 2

1.3 Numbering of cables in distribution boxes is to drawing Note 3

1.4 Numbering of distribution boxes is to drawing Note 3

1.5 Grouping of luminaires is to drawing Note 4

1.6 Groups of luminaires are assigned to the correct positions in grid switch
or grid single circuit dimmer Note 4

1.7 Emergency lighting complies with recommendations of BS 5266 Note 1

2.1 Luminaires and remote control gear are of the correct make and type Note 5

2.2 Fixed luminaires have been installed at the correct orientation Note 6

2.3 Fluorescent lamps have the correct phosphor Note 7

2.4 Spot lamps are of the correct make, beam angle and rating Note 7

2.5 Discharge lamps have the correct correlated colour temperature (CCT) Note 7

2.6 All lamps are the correct wattage and voltage ratings Note 7

2.7 Recessed adjustable luminaires are aimed correctly Note 8

2.8 Surface removable luminaires have been installed on tracks and trusses Note 9

2.9 Surface removable luminaires have been aimed/focused on tracks and trusses Note 10

2.10 Focus notes have been drawn up to allow for re-aiming after maintenance Note 10

2.11 Exterior floodlights have been aimed to drawing and according to terms of
planning permission (particularly relevant for sports installations) Note 11

2.12 Mains voltage, line and lamp currents have been checked at the control
gear on exterior floodlighting schemes, particularly for sports Note 11

2.13 Permanent colour filters have been installed Note 12

2.14 Horizontal illuminance on horizontal task(s) is at specified level Note 13

2.15 Vertical illuminance on vertical task(s) is at specified level Note 13

2.16 Horizontal illuminance over area(s) is at specific level Note 13

2.17 Vertical illuminance on walls is at specified level Note 13

2.18 Ratios of illuminances are at specified amounts Note 14

2.19 Interior luminances are at specified levels Note 15

2.20 Disability glare is at or below specified level(s) at a specified point(s)

in a specified direction(s) Note 16

2.21 Threshold increment, uniformity spacing and luminance of a street

lighting scheme complies with recommendations of BS 5489 Note 17

3.1 Time switches have been installed and are working Note 18

3.2 Time switches have had their operating times chosen Note 18

3.3 Time switches have been programmed properly with the chosen times Note 18

Figure LA2.2 Specific checklist for the commissioning of lighting systems

16 Lighting

Task Person responsible Signature Tick Notes

(If task is not applicable to a project CM should put ‘N/A’. Do not leave blank.)

Commissioning to ensure:

3.4 Photocell systems operate according to design intent Note 19

3.5 Illuminance trigger levels have been chosen (on adjustable photocell systems) Note 19

3.6 Illuminance trigger levels have been set (on adjustable photocell systems) Note 19

3.7 PIR detector systems are installed and working correctly Note 20

3.8 PIR detector systems are programmed and operate correctly Note 20

3.9 FM radio switches have been configured to the relevant receivers Note 21

3.10 Control signal cables have been wired between dimming fluorescent ballasts,
without cross-over, allowing all ballasts to dim when DC voltage is applied. Note 22

3.11 System producing control signal output voltages is working Note 22

3.12 Lighting levels associated with control signal voltages have been chosen Note 22

3.13 Lighting levels associated with control signal voltages have been programmed Note 22

3.14 Preset rack control system has data cables installed between plates
and racks but not terminated Note 23

3.15 Preset rack control system has control plates fitted and data cables terminated Note 23

3.16 Preset rack control system: main ‘dimmer rack’ mounted to wall mains
cabling marked and terminated but data cables not terminated Note 23

3.17 Preset rack control system: data cables terminated in dimmer rack Note 23

3.18 Preset rack control system: control cables installed between luminaires
and control devices but not terminated Note 23

3.19 Preset rack control system: control cables in luminaires

and control devices terminated Note 23

3.20 Preset rack control system: settings of states, times and levels chosen Note 23

3.21 Preset rack control system: settings of states, times and levels programmed Note 23

3.22 Ethernet and digital multiplex (DMX) systems: termination resistors have
been fitted where necessary and screened cables have been used Note 24

3.23 Timed show control system is working Note 25

3.24 Timed show control system has a programmer Note 25

3.25 Timed show control system designer has instructed programmer Note 25

3.26 Timed show control system program has either been

written up on paper or backed up in software format Note 25

3.27 BMS is working Note 26

3.28 BMS lighting levels and switching times have been chosen Note 26

3.29 BMS lighting levels and switching times have been programmed in Note 26

3.30 Combined BMS and preset rack control systems work together properly Note 27

3.31 BMS or other control systems are understood by building staff

and have been written up Note 28

Figure LA2.2 Specific checklist for the commissioning of lighting systems (continued)
Appendix LA2: Checklists for the commissioning of lighting systems
Notes:
1 Luminaires and lighting structures need to be set at particular
places, e.g. a wallwasher may need to be offset from a wall by a
particular distance. The LD will need to check this during the
installation and not leave it until it is too late to alter or make
good. A contractor should not alter luminaire positions
(especially emergency lighting luminaires and those of
aesthetic importance) without liaising with the designer.
2 This checklist applies to any installation on the mainland of
the UK. Different standards may apply in other circumstances.
3 Labelling of circuits, including cables, MCBs and distribution
boxes, is often poorly carried out making it difficult for end
users or others commissioning devices easily to determine
circuits. Even though labelling is required by BS 7671(1), it is
often not carried out properly. Each circuit should have a
unique reference. An integrated numbering system should be
issued to all contractors to avoid ambiguity between individual
parts of an installation.
4 The designer should make clear how groups of luminaires
relate to switches. It should be intuitive to the end user and
labelled where necessary. It should be checked by someone
other than the installer.
5 Substitutions of equipment must only be made in consultation
with the designer.
6 Although a luminaire may be working safely, it may be mis-
orientated, e.g. a wallwasher may be 180° out so that its peak
intensity is not facing the wall or the lamp axis of a square
fluorescent luminaire might be 90° out. This must be checked.
7 Although a fluorescent luminaire may be working safely, it may
have the wrong phosphor tubes making the colour appearance
of the space incorrect. Lamps, in general, must be specified in
terms of make, type, power, beam angle (if applicable) and
CCT, if applicable, and checked.
8 It is the designer’s task to make sure that adjustable luminaires
are aimed correctly. The contractor may be asked to assist.
Note that it is pointless using adjustable luminaires if no one
will originally adjust them or if no one will write up how they
were intended to be aimed.
9 Some contracts split the installation of permanent luminaires
(1st fix) and the removable luminaires (2nd fix). The main
installation contractor may install the 1st fix but a production
electrician may carry out the 2nd fix. In all cases the use of
safety chains, filters, cords and attachments must be checked.
10 The lighting designer normally oversees this aspect of a project.
If assistance is needed from a contractor, this should be agreed
in the contract phase and highlighted at the first
commissioning meeting early in the project.
11 The electrical characteristics of sports and other floodlighting
must be measured as the life of lamps and the lighting levels
can be affected by values outside of the norm.
12 Colour filters for long term lighting schemes should be made of a
suitable high temperature material. In some cases the lighting
designer might not choose the colours of the filters at the time
that contracts were started because the hues of the space have not
been finalised by the interior designer. Hence temporary filters
might be used in suitable luminaires and once agreed will be
replaced by glass or long-term filters. This box is to make certain
that that replacement has taken place. This will also prevent
unnecessary glass or long-term filters being ordered but not used.
13 In lighting designs that have repeatable characteristics such as
office lighting, sports lighting, factory lighting etc. there may
be requirements for certain illuminances in various planes. If
such requirements are implicit in the contract, they must be
checked by the use of calibrated light meters, placed at the
correct angles to the planes of reference and at the right
increments on a grid. Separate sheets should be drawn up
recording these values. See BS 667(9) for a publication giving
recommendations for this measurement process.
17
14 Ratios of illuminances in different planes are often as important
as values themselves. In the case of office lighting check boxes
2.13–2.17 should seldom be deemed, ‘Not applicable’ as
compliance with CIBSE/SLL Lighting Guide 3: The visual
environment for display screen use(13) and CIBSE/SLL Code for
Lighting(10) depends on these being adhered to.
15 Luminances for visual display equipment areas will need
checking for compliance with CIBSE/SLL Lighting Guide
LG3(13).
16 This check applies to installations where a visual task has to be
carried out. In a factory an acceptable level of glare may have been
specified for a production process. An exterior lighting scheme
may have rural glare limits (see, for example, DETR/Countryside
Commission: Lighting in the countryside, towards good practice(14)). A
sports lighting scheme may have some glare limits set. These
must be checked during commissioning.
17 This only applies to street lighting and the associate types of
scheme found in BS 5489(15).
18 If a time switch is not set properly, energy can be wasted and
lighting may not function when needed. The lighting designer
needs to define how time switches are to be set and pass it on to
the contractor. The installer, the policy maker for time
switching and the setter of the switch may not always be the
same person. Tasks 3.1, 3.2 and 3.3 highlight this.
19 The installer, policy maker for light level switching and the
setter of the levels may not always be the same person. Tasks
3.4, 3.5 and 3.6 highlight this.
20 Some PIR systems can be adjusted for sensitivity and duration
of operation. The installer, policy maker for switching duration
and the setter of the PIRs themselves may not always be the
same person. Tasks 3.7 and 3.8 highlight this.
21 FM radio receivers incorporated into feeder pillars, distribution
boxes and luminaires need configuring to a designed system.
This configuration must be carried out and checked with the
design.
22 0–10 volt analogue dimming fluorescent ballasts are still being
installed. Tasks 3.10–3.13 highlight the commissioning checks.
23 Control systems with racks handling the power of the
controlled load, and operated by low voltage controllers, either
incorporated, or remote from the rack and connected to other
remote controllers, are often installed in part by different
parties and then commissioned by further parties. Tasks
3.14–3.19 highlight how these installation and programming
responsibilities are split. It clarifies the procedures in these
complex systems. These are typical of a scene setting system;
there are other control system architectures for other
applications.
24 Digital multiplexing systems (DMX) need termination resistors
in some cases and not in others. A specialist must check these
installations.
25 Some preset and rack systems are linked to a show controller
that sequences the lighting with audio visual equipment,
particularly in permanent themed events. It is most common
for the installer to provide a programmer, who is then
instructed by a designer. Tasks 3.24, 3.25, 3.26 and 3.27 reflect
the general stages in the commissioning of these systems. For
complex installations, the number of categories may increase.
26 Some buildings have many services, including lighting,
controlled by a building management system (BMS); task 3.28
checks that this has been installed and is working. The installer,
the control policy maker and the programmer may not be the
same person.
27 Some BMS systems for an entire installation operate local
lighting control systems for parts of an installation. As several
parties may be involved, a check for total integration of the
systems must be made.
28 Staff must be trained in the operation of lighting systems. The
O&M manual must include the settings of the systems and the
policy for altering them in the future.
18 Lighting

RIBA Stages of work Code L Sections

A: Appraisal of client needs

B: Strategic brief

C: Outline proposals
1.1 Appoint commissioning manager if required

D: Detailed proposals
1.2 Check design for commissionability and ease
of maintenance (designer to alter if necessary)
E: Final proposals

F: Production information

G: Tender documentation

H: Tender action

J: Mobilisation – let contract

K: Construction to practical
completion:

Early planning stage 1.1 Form commissioning management team

– agree communication pathways
1.2 Write checklist of commissioning activities
– assign responsibilities
1.3 Write commissioning method statement(s)
1.4 Devise commissioning timetable

Installation stage 2.1 Write pre-commissioning checklist

2.2 Perform mechanical and electrical checks
2.3 Certify that installation is ready for
commissioning

Commissioning stage 3.1–3.4 Commission interior, emergency and

exterior lighting (as specified) and
lighting controls as defined by the
commissioning method statement
3.5 Check relationship with shading, if installed
3.6 Measure illuminance if required by contract
4 Handover – witness operation of systems,
ensure all documentation is complete,
train operators

L: After practical completion 5 Post-occupancy checks and fine tuning

Figure LA2.3 Flowchart of construction process including RIBA stages of work

Appendix LA3: Example commissioning method statement
Appendix LA3: Example commissioning method statement for lighting
system with automatic controls
Note: This is an example of a possible commissioning
method statement. In practice, the responsibilities of the
parties will vary depending on the contractual framework.
LA3.1 Pre-commissioning checks
The installer shall certify that the following checks have
been completed prior to commissioning by the
commissioning engineer (a signed checklist is
recommended showing completion date of check):
— All luminaires installed as per design and with the
correct orientations
— All automatic switching units and lighting
connection units fitted and signal bus wires
connected (if appropriate) with necessary labelling
— All channel dials and function switches set
correctly
— All sensor level switches set correctly
— All luminaires wired or plugged into correct
circuits and automatic switch units (where
appropriate) with appropriate labelling and correct
lamps fitted
— All local override switches, PIR and solar detectors
etc. plugged into local control units (if appropriate)
— All area control units (if any) installed and area
switches wired and labelled
— Mains supply is available to all lighting control
units and area controllers and mains voltage is
stable and fit for regular use.
The pre-commissioning checklist should be passed to the
commissioning engineer and can form part of the O&M
manual. In addition:
— The designer shall provide building plans to
installers, manufacturers and commissioning
engineers as required.
— The designer shall produce a sheet detailing the
assumptions made as part of the design, including
the method used for calculating maintenance
factors, for inclusion in the O&M manual.
— The designer shall provide details of access
equipment and precautions to be taken for safe
access. Risk assessments may be required for
maintenance.
— The client representative shall ensure that
information regarding daily time programmes is
available.
The commissioning engineer shall:
— Generally examine the wiring and bring any faults
to the attention of the installer.
19
— Provide technical advice and assistance with the
setting up of the lighting system and agree suitable
programs (where appropriate).
LA3.2 Commissioning
The commissioning engineer shall:
— Ensure that all lights are working and that all
switch labels are correct.
— Check the manual and automatic operation of
automatic switching units, lighting connection
units and presence detectors, including end-user
controls — on larger projects this can be done on a
sampling basis sufficient to prove the correct
operation of controllers and switching units.
— Program area control units (if not already
programmed by the manufacturer on or off-site)
and prove their operation.
— Ensure that all devices and area controllers are
loaded into the central system (if appropriate) and
can be identified.
— Program central controller (if not already
programmed on or off-site) and prove correct
operation of both time and solar operation.
— Ensure that all time and seasonal operations that
cannot be checked directly e.g. daylight-saving
settings, calendars (including leap years), seasonal
variations etc. appear to be set correctly.
— Schedule and perform additional post-handover
checks where required (e.g. seasonal checks).
— Explain the system and demonstrate operation to
maintenance personnel and end users as required
by prior agreement with client representative.
— Ensure that maintenance personnel are conversant
with access equipment required.
LA3.3 Witnessing, certification and
handover
The commissioning engineer shall:
— Arrange for the designer and a client
representative to witness a representative sample
of the system operation.
— Hand over specified spare lamps and accessories.
— Complete a system commissioning completion
certificate and have it witnessed by the designer
and client (user) representative and include in the
O&M manual. Note: The installer should also sign
this certificate or a separate pre-commissioning
certificate to certify that installation is complete.
— Complete as-installed diagrams and include in the
O&Mmanual.
20 Lighting

Appendix LA4: Sample completion certificates

System name: Installation company: Company name

Contact details including address and telephone number

System pre-commissioning completion certificate

Project:

Project number:

Phase/area:

The (name or describe) system installed in the above building has been fully installed and is ready for
commissioning. It has been installed in accordance with the previously agreed specification and/or functional
description of the system and design intent (add reference if available)
The items indicated below were checked and found to be installed to specification: OK N/A

Headings: Items:

Refer to section L2 for typical items that might be checked

during pre-commissioning. All items should be project specific.

Installer:

Witnessed by: Position: Lighting designer

Company: Date:

Witnessed by: Position: Commissioning engineer

Company: Date:

Notes:

Figure LA4.1 Sample pre-commissioning completion certificate

Appendix LA4: Sample completion certificates 21

System name: Commissioning engineer: Company name

Contact details including address and telephone number

System commissioning completion certificate

Project:

Project number:

Phase/area:

The (name or describe) system installed in the above building has been fully commissioned and checked to be
operating in accordance with the previously agreed specification and/or functional description for the operation
of the system and design intent (add reference if available)
The items indicated below were checked and found to be installed to specification: OK N/A

Headings: Items:

Refer to Appendix LA2 for typical items that might be checked

during commissioning. All items should be project specific.

Commissioning engineer:

Installer (if pre-commissioning certificate is not signed):

Witnessed by: Position: Lighting designer

Company: Date:

Witnessed by: Position: Client representative

Company: Date:

Notes:

Figure LA4.2 Sample commissioning completion certificate

22
Appendix LA5: Safety issues
LA5.1 Legislation
Applicable legislation includes but is not limited to the
following:
— Building Regulations Part L
— Health and Safety at Work etc Act 1974
— Management of Health and Safety at Work
Regulations 1999
— Construction (Design and Management)
Regulations 1994
— Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare)
Regulations 1992
— The Working Time Regulations 1999
— Electricity at Work Regulations 1989
— Personal Protective Equipment at Work
Regulations 1992
— Health and Safety (Display Screen Equipment)
Regulations 1992
LA5.2 Good practice
Good practice safety procedures include the following:
— Risk assessments should be performed and
resulting method statements produced.
Lighting
— Personnel must receive adequate training in safety
matters before working on site.
— Site personnel must be issued with, and be trained
to use, appropriate safety equipment and personal
protective equipment, e.g. hard hat, safety boots,
eye protection, ear defenders, overalls etc, and
access equipment, where appropriate.
— Wherever possible electrical equipment should be
isolated before working using locked-off and local
isolators. Live work should only be carried out
when there is no reasonable alternative.
— Cordon off live electrical panels and display
warning notices.
— Ensure that remotely controlled plant or other
equipment is clearly labelled and made safe during
testing
— Personnel should stand on rubber mats when
working on live panels.
— Use of adequate safety barriers when working on
live equipment.
— Use a ‘permit to work’ system.
— Where possible use two-man working. In certain
conditions two-man working is mandatory, e.g.
working on live equipment.
— Ensure that a responsible person on site is aware of
the location of the commissioning personnel and
the nature of their work.
Appendix LA6: Notes concerning the design of lighting and lighting control systems
Appendix LA6: Notes concerning the design of lighting and lighting control
systems
LA6.1 Design for commissionability
It is important that a system specifier is aware of the
requirements to ensure that a control system is inherently
commissionable. The involvement of a commissioning
engineer/designer at the design stage should be considered
where in-house experience is not sufficiently comprehensive.
Issues that impinge on the commissionablity of a control
system include the following:
— Appropriate control strategies and set points:
control strategies should reflect the work patterns
and needs of the users. Set points should take into
account the task lighting requirements.
— Packaged systems: a number of ‘packaged’
systems, e.g. so-called intelligent luminaires, are
available that may be pre-configured and pre-
commissioned. However, consideration will have
to be given to interfacing issues should packaged
systems use control equipment supplied from
different vendors. Also, off-site co-ordination
issues must be addressed.
— Interaction with existing or other control
equipment: manual override, fire, emergency.
— Sensor type and location: it is important that the
correct type and accuracy sensor is used for the
intended application. Particular attention should
be paid to ensuring that sensors are located in
positions that allow a representative measurement
to be made. Photoelectric lighting sensors should
not be placed such that direct sunlight can fall on
them. A sufficient number of sensors should be
used so that zones of roughly similar daylight
levels are controlled from one sensor. Passive
infrared occupancy or presence sensors should be
have a ‘line of sight’ to all areas lit by the
luminaires they control (this is not needed for
acoustic or microwave sensors).
LA6.2 Design for maintenance
A number of issues affect the ease of maintenance of a
lighting system. These include:
23
— Complexity of the system: systems whose mode of
operation is not intuitively obvious are likely to be
used at less than their optimum operational efficiency
when new staff are responsible for their operation.
— Accessibility: luminaires in difficult to reach
positions (e.g. on roofs of atria, external fitments
not at ground level) should be designed with long-
life lamps and have a well thought out and
documented procedure for re-lamping.
— If directional luminaires are used to create an
effect, attention must be considered as to whether
the user has the personnel to maintain the
installation. In some cases a maintenance contract
should be considered.
— Stock efficiency: a complex lighting scheme with
many different lamp types (and especially unusual
lamp types) will require a large stock storage
facility — or long intervals with failed lamps
before replacements are sourced. Where possible
and practical, the number of different lamp types
should be kept to a minimum.
LA6.3 Design for energy efficiency
and user satisfaction
In order to minimise energy consumption it is important
that lighting systems do not provide more lighting than is
needed for the task and visual amenity, and that they are
controlled properly. This requires that the set-up and
operation of a control system is checked in order to avoid:
— Unnecessary periods of lighting operation
— Poor control of set points.
However, too frequent switching of lighting by automatic
systems, or too large an illuminance difference after
switching, are both detrimental to user satisfaction.
Lighting control strategies must balance energy efficiency
requirements with human factors. See also GIR 92 Energy
efficiency in lighting — an overview(16).
24 Lighting

Index Commissioning plan

Commissioning specification
2
1, 2
Facilities managers
Factory lighting
14
17
Access equipment 7, 19, 22 Commissioning tasks 9, 12 Fail-safe/emergency control routines 7
Accessibility of equipment 23 Commissioning timetable 2, 5, 6, 14 Field control device (definition) 2
Accessories 19 Communication networks 8 Filter holders 6
Adjustable luminaires 15, 17 Communication ‘path ways’ 5, 14 Filters, colour 15, 17
Advanced operator 10 Completion certificates 1, 9, 14, 20 First fix 17
Aesthetic aspects of lighting 4, 6, 13, 17 Complexity of system 23 Fit-out 2, 6
Aiming of luminaires 4, 6, 7, 12, 15, 17 Compliance with Building Regulations 5 Flexibility (definition) 2
Air conditioning contractors 6 Communications bus 2 Flicker as a result of dimming 7
Alarm routines, changing 10 Compact fluorescent lamps 12 Flood lighting 6, 12, 15, 17
Alignment of equipment 6 Completion certificate 14 Fluorescent lamps 15
Approved Document L2 4, 10 Configuration (definition) 2 FM radio switches 16, 17
Architect 5, 13 Construction (Design and Management) Focusing of equipment 4, 7, 13, 15
Architectural lighting 12 Regulations 1994 22 Function switches 6, 19
Archiving data 8, 10 Construction phase 14
Area control units 1, 19 Construction schedules 4 Gateway (definition) 2
As-installed drawings 14, 19 Contracts 1, 4, 9, 10 General checklist 14
Atria, accessibility in 23 Contractual obligations 5 Glare 6, 12, 17
Attachments, luminaire 17 Control band 8 Good practice 1, 22
Audio-visual equipment 17 Control gear 6 Graphics, changing 10
Audit, hardware 8 Controlled illuminance 2 Group dependence (definition) 2
Automatic report generation software 8 Control panels, off-site commissioning 6
Control signal cables 16 Handover 2, 6, 19
Ballasts, dimming 16 Controls, lighting 5, 7, 19, 23 Handover report 9
Back-up, software 16 Control system 4, 5, 12 Hard points 2
Basic operator 10 Control system engineer 12 Hard-fired (definition) 2
Beam width, lamp 12, 15 Control strategy 2, 9, 10, 23 Health and Safety at Work etc Act 1974 22
Bibliography 11 Co-ordination of luminaire positions 6 Health and Safety (Display Screen
Blinds, automated 8 Co-ordination, strategic 6
Equipment) Regulations 1992 22
BMS — see Building management system Co-ordination with other services 14
Health and safety file 9
Bridges, network 8 Correlated colour temperature 2, 12
HID lamps 2, 12
BS 667 7, 17 Corridor link 2
High-frequency control gear 2
BS 5266 4, 7 Cover plates 6
Human factors 23
BS 5489 15, 17 Critical path analysis 2, 6
Hypothetical examples of lighting
BS 7671 4, 6, 15, 17 Critical points in commissioning process 6
commissioning 12
Building control bodies 5 Currents, checking 15
IEE Wiring Regulations 4
Building management system 1, 8, 13, 16, 17
Illuminance, controlled 2
Building log book 1, 10 Data corruption 8
Illuminance measurement 4, 7, 8, 10, 15, 17
Building Regulations 4, 10, 18, 22 Data logging 8
Illuminance ratios 17
Bulk lamp changing 10 Data sheets 9
Illuminance trigger levels 16
Daylight linking 7, 19, 23
Information flow, smooth 5
Cables, screened 8 Declaration of conformity 5
Infra-red (definition) 3
Cabling 15 Default control settings 8
Inspection of building services 4
Calibration, sensor 7 Design and build project 12
Design criteria 2, 4 Installation certificate,
Car park lighting 12
Design drawings 6 emergency lighting 4
Central controllers 8, 19
Design intent 2 Installers 14, 19
Certificate, commissioning 14, 19, 21
Certificate, pre-commissioning 6, 19, 20 Design of lighting control systems 23 Instructions 9
Change records 6 Design quality 6 Integrated numbering system 17
Channel dials 6, 19 Definitions 1 Intelligent luminaires 2, 7, 23
Checklists 5, 7, 9, 14, 19 Digital multiplex system 2, 16, 17 Intent, lighting design 4
Checks, post-occupancy 10 Dimming 2, 7, 16, 17 Interior designer 5, 13
Checks, pre-commissioning 4, 6, 13 Directional luminaires 23 Interior lighting 7
CIBSE Commissioning Code C 5 Disability glare 15 Intermediate operator 10
CIBSE Commissioning Code M 5 Distribution boxes 15 Internal light sensor 3
CIBSE Guide to ownership, operation and Documentation 4, 9 IR (infra-red) (definition) 3
maintenance of building services 10 Isolation of electrical equipment 22
CIBSE/SLL Code for lighting 8, 12, 17 Efficiency of lighting 6
CIBSE/SLL Lighting Guide LG3 12, 17 Electrical checks 6, 22 Labelling 6, 17, 19, 22
CIBSE TM 31 10 Electrical contractor 5, 12, 13 Lamps 4, 6, 8, 15, 16,
Client 4, 10, 13 Electrical safety 4 17, 19, 23
Client’s representative 6, 19 Electricity at Work Regulations 1989 22 Leading-edge dimmer 3
Colour filters — see Filters Electricity Safety, Quality and Continuity Lease documents 10
Commissionable system 1, 14, 23 Regulations 6 Legal requirements 1, 22
Commissioning (definition) 1 Emergency lighting 4, 6, 7, 15, 17 Lighting and shading 8
Commissioning checklist 5 End-user operated systems 7, 19 Lighting connection point 3
Commissioning completion End-user training 14 Lighting connection units 19
certificate 1, 9, 19, 20 Energy efficiency 5, 12, 23 Lighting controller 3
Commissioning engineer 9, 14, 19, 23 Energy efficiency in lighting — Lighting designer 3, 5, 9, 13,
Commissioning management 1 an overview 23 14, 17
Commissioning management team 5 Energy targeting/monitoring 8 Lighting in the countryside, towards good
Commissioning manager 1, 12, 13, 14 Ethernet 16 practice 17
Commissioning method Exterior lighting 7, 17 Lighting structures 17
statement 1, 4, 5, 7, 14, 19, 22 External light monitor 2 Light level switching 17
Index 25

Light meters — see Illuminance PIR — see Passive infra-red detection Specification ‘breaking’ 6
measurement Plan, commissioning 5 Specifications, commissioning 1, 2
Light trespass 12 Planning permission 6 Specific checklist 15
Live working 22 Plans, building 19 Speculative office buildings 6
Local control unit (definition) 3 Plasterers 6 Speed of communication networks 8
Location changes, proposed 14 Point data (definition) 3 Spill light 6
Log book, building 1, 10 Points list 9 Sports lighting 15, 17
Logic diagrams 9 Portable light meter 7 Spot lamps 15
Low voltage (definition) 3 Post-handover phase 14 Stability of mains supply 19
Low voltage controllers 17 Post-occupancy checks 10 Stages required to commission 1
Lumen-maintenance systems 7 Post-occupancy evaluation 10 State of the system 6
Luminaire manufacturer 12 Practical completion 3, 7 Statutory requirements 1, 22
Luminaires 4, 6, 8, 14, 15, Pre-commissioning 2, 6 Stock efficiency 23
16, 19 Pre-commissioning certificate 6, 19, 20 Street lighting 15, 17
Luminances 15 Pre-commissioning checks 6, 14, 19 Sub-contracts, disadvantages of 5
Predictive occupancy control 3 Substitutions, equipment 6, 14, 17
M&E consultant 5 Programming, control system 4, 13, 17 Surface removable luminaires 15
Main contractor 5, 12, 13, 14 Pre-handover 14 Surface-to-luminaire offsets 13, 15
Mains-borne signalling 3 Preset rack control system 16 Sweep-off 7
Mains wiring 6 Project management 5 Switches 6, 15, 17, 19
Maintenance 4, 10, 12, 14, Project meetings 14 Switching, ON/OFF (definition) 4
15, 23 Purpose of the Code 1 Switching frequency 23
Maintenance contract 23 Push button controls 7 Switching times 16
Maintenance factor 3, 19 Radio frequency (definition) 4 System back-up 10
Maintenance staff 14, 19 Raise and lower gear 6 System handover 8
Management of Health and Safety at Work Ramp speed (definition) 4 System integration (definition) 4
Regulations 1999 22 Rating, lamp 6 System operator 10
Manual controls 7 References 11 System upkeep, instructions for 10
Manual override for blinds 8 Regulation (definition) 4
Manufacturer, specified 6 Re-lamping, method of 23 Technical advice, provision of 19
Marshalling box (definition) 3 Relationship between lighting Telephone based controls 7
Mechanical checks 6 and shading 8 Termination resistors 16
Method statement — see Commissioning Remote control gear 15 Testing 4, 22
method statement Report generation software 8 Third party management software 8
Miniature circuit breaker (definition) 3 Responsibility, overall 5 Threshold increment 15
Modular wiring (definition) 3 Responsible person 22 Time-delay settings 7
Multimedia contractor 13 RF (radio-frequency) (definition) 4 Time programmes, changing 10
Multimedia equipment 12 RIBA stages of work 14, 18 Time schedule 4
Museum lighting 12 Risk assessment 14, 19, 22 Time switches 12, 15, 17
Routers, network 8 Timetable, commissioning 2, 5, 6, 14
Network resilience 8 Rubber mats 22 Time taken for commissioning 6
Niches, lighting 13 Track, lighting 6, 15
Safety chains and cords 6, 17 Trailing-edge dimmer (definition) 4
Occupancy detection 3, 7 Safety, electrical 4, 22 Training 10, 14, 19, 22
Occupancy programmes, changing 10 Safety issues 22 Trend logs 10, 11
Office buildings, speculative 6 Scene setting 4, 8 Trigger levels, illuminance 16
Office lighting 12, 17 Scene settings, record of 9
Off-site tasks 6, 14, 23 Schedules, construction 4 Uniformity 15
Operating and maintenance Schematics, building 8 Unitary control devices 4, 8
manual 3, 9, 14, 17, 19 Scope of the Code 1 Update instructions 10
Operator training 10, 16 Seasonal variation 10, 19 User-adjustable points 9
Operator workstation 3, 8 Second fix 17 User satisfaction 23
Orientation, luminaire 17 Security lighting 7 Verification of handover of back-up
Outstations 3, 8 Security staff override 7 copies of software 9
Override functions 3, 8, 19 Segregation, electrical 6 Verification of handover of
Sensors 6, 7, 19, 23 operating manuals 9
Passive infra-red detection 3, 12, 16, 17, Servicing, instructions for 10 Verification of lighting installation
19, 23 Set points 10, 23 performance 8
Packaged systems 23 Shading and lighting 8 Verification of system operator
Passwords, software 8 Show controller 4, 13, 16, 17 training requirements 9
PC-based controls 7 Signal bus 2, 19 VDT lighting 12
Performance testing (definition) 3 Signature 12, 13, 14,
Permit to work system 22 15, 16 Wall washing 12, 18
Personal protective equipment 22 Site visits 13 Warning notices 22
Personal Protective Equipment at Work Soft points 2 Wiring 19
Regulations 1992 22 Software pre-commissioning 6 Wiring diagrams 6
‘Person responsible’ 5 Software release, correct 8 Witnessing arrangements 8, 9, 14, 19
Phased completion 6, 9 Solar detectors 19 Working Time Regulations 1999 22
Phosphors 6, 15 Specific checklist 12, 13 Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare)
Photocells 3, 12, 16, 23 Specification (definition) 4 Regulations 1992 22