The Teachers’ Resource Centre and the Regional SUBJECT TITLE

Inspectorate of Pedagogy, in collaboration with the West

Chemistry Teachers’ Association (WECTA). CHEMISTRY
email: wectawecta@gmail.com
COMMON LOWER SIXTH REGIONAL EXAMINATION
CANDIDATE’S NAMES: DATE
……………………………………………………………………................ Saturday, 30th April 2016
CANDIDATE’S NUMBER:
SCORE
…………………………………………………………………................

TIME ALLOWED: Two and a half hours

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:

This paper is arranged in two sections. Answer all the questions.

SECTION A: MCQs .Tick the letter of the best answers.
SECTION B: Answer all the questions in the space provided.
The mark allocation is indicated for each question. Each question carries 20 marks.
Rough work should be done in spaces available in this booklet.
All necessary working must be shown, in calculations you are advised to show all the steps in
your working, giving your answer at each step. No mark will be awarded for answers without
brief statements showing how the answers have been obtained.
Calculators may be used.

USEFUL DATA:
Molar volume of gas at s.t.p = 22 400cm3

1 atm = 1 Pa = 1.01 X 105 Nm-2

RAM: Na = 23.0, H = 1.0, O = 16, Cl = 35.5, Cu = 64.0, N = 14.0.

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SECTION A: MCQs (20mks) B) 75.9%
C) 60.9%
1) Which of the following pair of gases have D) 131.8
the same volume at stp? 7) The first law of thermodynamics can be
A) 10g of Oxygen and 14g of Nitrogen written as;
B) 10g of Helium and 10g of Neon A) ∆ Q=∆ U + PV
C) 16g of Helium and 4g of Oxygen B) ∆ Q=PV −∆ U
D) 2g of Hydrogen and 71g of Chlorine C) ∆ U =P+ PV
2) An organic compound containing Carbon, D) ∆ U + PV
Hydrogen and Oxygen only has the 8) Some standard bond enthalpies of
following composition. 52.2% Carbon, formation
13.0% hydrogen, and a relative molecular are given in KJ/molbelow;
mass of 46. NO =+ 90.2 and NO2 =+ 33.2
I: the empirical formula of the compound is What is the enthalpy change for the
C2H6O reaction?
II: The molecular formula of the compound NO(g) + ½ O2 --> NO2(g)
is C2H6O A) + 57KJmol-1
A) I and II B) -57KJmol-1
B) II only C) -68KJmol-1
C) I only D) +123.4KJmol-1.
D) I and II not correct. 9) The standard enthalpy change of formation
3) Which of the following has the greater of an element in it’s standard state at 298K
mass; is;
A) 6.0 x 1023atoms of Sodium A) Always negative
B) 6.1 x 1023atoms of neon B) Positive or negative depending on their
C) 6.2 x 1023atoms of fluorine states
D) 6.2 x 1023atoms of Oxygen C) Zero
4) The volume of 0.1 molar Sulphuric acid that D) Always positive
will be neutralized by 20cm3 of 0.25M 10) In experiment to measure the heat of
Sodium Hydroxide is? solution of Sodium
A) 50cm3 thiosulphatepentahydrate, the
B) 20cm3 thermometer experienced a change from
C) 25cm3 25.5®C to 19.5®c. This indicates the heat of
D) 100cm3 solution is
5) In question 4 above, the apparatus used to A) Both exothermic and endothermic
prepare the 0.1M Sulphuric acid is? B) endothermic
A) Pipette C) exothermic
B) Burette D) Negative
C) Volumetric flask 11) What kind of intermolecular forces exist
D) Conical flask between molecules of trichloromethane
6) In the reaction; (CHCl3)?
Na2SO4+BaCl2 → BaSO4+2NaCl A. Hydrogen bonding
17.3g of BaSO4 were precipitated by B. Dipole- Dipole attractions
reacting 14.2g of Na2SO4 and 25.3g of BaCl2 C. Van der waals forces
solutions. The percentage yield of this D. Induced Dipole- Dipole forces.
reaction is;
A) 164.2%
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 232
12) The radioactive isotope of Thorium 90Th C) Chromatography
decays by a series of radioactive D) Fractional distillation.
disintegrations to give208
82 Pb . The number of
19) The IUPAC name for the compound with
radioactive disintegrations can best be structural formula CH3CH2C(CH3)2CH3is
represented by A) 1,1,1-trimethyl propane
A. 6 alpha emissions and 4 beta emissions B) 2,2-dimethyl butane
B. 6 beta emissions and 2 alpha emissions C) 1.1-dimethylbutane
C. 8 alpha emissions and 2 beta emissions D) trimethyl propane.
D. 8 alpha emissions. 20) The name of the product formed when
13) Which of the following best represents the ethane is passed through an alkaline
first ionization energy of element Y solution of potassium manganete (VII) is
A. Y(S)Y+(g) + e - A) Ethanoic acid
B. Y(g)Y+(s) + e- B) ethan-1,2-diol
C. Y-(g)Y(s) + e- C) ethanol
D. Y(g) Y+(g) + e-. D) ethanoic acid.
14) The electronic configuration of Copper
(Z=29) is
A. [Ar]3d10 4s1
B. 1s2 2s2 2P6 3s2 3P6 3d10 4s2
C. [Ar] 3d9 4s2
D. 1s2 2s2 2P6 3s1 3P6 3d10 4s2.
15) Two different particles (atoms or ions) that
have spectra lines similar to those of Mg2+
are
A. S and Ne
B. Na and Al3+
C. O2- and Ne
D. S2- and Na+.
16) Carbon can undergo hybridization. Which
bond hybridization occurs in ethyne?
A) sp3
B) sp
C) sp2
D) dsp3.
17) The correct electronic configuration for an
excited carbon atom is?
A) 1s2 2s2 2p2
B) 1s2 2s1 2p3
C) 1s1 2s2 2p3
D) 1s1 2s12p4.
18) The following separation techniques are
employed in purifying organic substances,
which appropriate technique could be used
to separate phenylamine from water?
A) Sublimation
B) Steam distillation

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SECTION B: STRUCTURAL
Answer all the questions in this section in the spaces provided.
1) Question 1: Physical Chemistry
a) Explain the following terms
i) A primary standard …………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………...................................................(1mk)
ii) A reducing agent……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..........................
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………….................................................……(1mk)
iii) Relative molecular mass …………………………………………………………….........................……………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………................................................….(1mk)

b) A standard solution of sodium Oxalate ( Na 2C2O4) was prepared by dissolving 13.4g of the salt in 500cm 3
solution and acidified 25cm 3 of this solution required 17.2cm3 of KMnO4 solution during titration on
warning. The half equation for the reaction is;
MnO4- + C2O42- + H+ Mn2+ + CO2 + H2O
i) Write ;
A; An oxidation half equation…………………………………………………………………………….................................…(1mk)
B; A reduction half equation ………………………………………………………………………................................………..(1mk)
C; A balanced equation for the reaction

……………………………………………………….…………………………………………...........................………………….........……...(1mk)

ii) Calculate the concentration in moldm -3of C2O42- ion?

..............................................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................................(1mk)
iii)Calculate the concentration in moldm -3 of KMnO4 ion?
.............................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................(1mk)
c) (i) 0.13g of a liquid was evaporated in a 500cm 3 flask maintained at 27®C, if the pressure in the flask was found

to be 152mmHg. Calculate the relative molecular mass of the liquid.

..............................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................................... (1mk)
ii) If the pressureof the flask changes from 152mmHg to 200mmHg . What would be the new volume of the
gas at 27®C
………………………………………………………………………………………...................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….................................…(1mk)

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 d) i) 350cm3 of 0.6m NaOH were added to 350cm3 of 0.6M HCl in an expanded polystene cup. The initial
temperature of the two solution was 17.25®C. The temperature rose to 24.75®c on mixing the solutions.
Assuming that the specific heat capacity of all solutions is 4.20J/gK, calculate the molar heat of
neutralization.
………………………………………………………………………….........................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................(3mks)

ii) Define lattice energy.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………................................................................
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………...............................................(1mk)

iii) Assuming that kerosene is C11H24. Calculate the standard enthalpy change when one mole off kerosene
burns completelyin oxygen using the data below;
∆Hf(C11H24(l)) = -327KJmol-1
∆Hf(CO2(g))= -394KJmol-1
∆Hf(H2O(l)) =- 286KJmol-1

e) i) The formation of solid Magnesium Oxide involves the following heat changes in Kjmol -1;
A: Mg(s)Mg(g)∆H1 = +150
B: Mg(g)  Mg+ + e ∆H2 = +730
C: Mg+(g) Mg2+ + e ∆H3 = +1450
D: ½ O2(g)O(g)∆H 4 = + 249
E: O(g) O-(g)∆H5 = -142
F: O-(g) O2-(g)∆H6 = +791
G: Mg2+ (g)+ O2-(g)MgO∆H7 = -3830
H: Mg (s) + ½ O2(g)MgO(s)∆H8 = ?

f) (i) Name the heat changes represented by C and G.

………………………………………………………………...................................................................................................(1mk)

Briefly explain why the energy changes E and F are respectively negative and positive
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….....
..........................................................................................................................................................................
………………………………………………………………………………..........................................................................……(2mks)
ii) Given the following bond energies (KJmol -1)
( C-C) =347 (C=C) =612 (C-H) = 413
Calculate the enthalpy of formation of benzene vapour according to the equation

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 (1mk)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Question 2: Inorganic Chemistry

This question is on atomic structure, electronic structure, periodicity and bonding.

a) (i) Distinguish between first ionization energy and first electron affinity.
.....................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................(2mks)
ii) What is meant by the term “periodic trend”?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….....................................................
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….............................………………..(1mk)
iii) Explain why there is a sharp increase in the melting point from Boron to Carbon
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………....................................................................................(1mk)
iv) the elements of period 2 of the periodic table form hydrides. Give the formula of a hydride of an element of
this period that is;
A: Ionic …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................…….…………
B: Covalent …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................….…………..
C) That shows Hydrogen boding at room temperature ………………………………………………..................……........ (3mks)

b) The graph below represents the variation of atomic radius against atomic number for eleven successive
elements. All the elements have atomic numbers of less than 21. The letters A to L are not the usual symbol of
the elements. Use the letters A to L to answer the questions that follows.

i) To which of the periodic is C most likely to belong.

...............................................................................................................................................................................
ii) Which of these elements will belong to the same group as Nitrogen?

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 ...............................................................................................................................................................................
iii) Which element will have the highest ionization energy in it
periods? ......................................................................................................................................................................
.........

iii) Write the formula and identify the bond of the compound form between;

FORMULA BOND
F and I
A and K
(5mks)
c) i) Draw the electron density map of KBr.
.....................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................(1mk)
ii) Which of the ions Fe2+ and Fe3+ has the more stable configuration? Explain.
.....................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................(2mks)
iii) Given the species below.
A. NH4Cl B. BH4-.
Identify the attractive forces in the species by showing where they are found.
.....................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................(3mks)
228 224
d) Thorium 90 Th decays to a radioactive isotope of radium 88 Ra, by alpha emission. The half-life of thorium is 3.6
days.
i) Write a balanced equation for the reaction.
.....................................................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
ii) How many days will it take the activity of thorium to reduce by 50% of its original value?
.....................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................(2mks)

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 Question 3: Organic Chemistry
a) Study the following chart and answer the question that follow;

i) Identify the following substance by systematic name or structural formula: (2mks)

Substance Name or structural formula

A
B
C
D

ii) Give the reagent and reaction condition where necessary: (2mks)
a: .............................................................................................................................................................
b:.............................................................................................................................................................
c:.............................................................................................................................................................
d:.............................................................................................................................................................
e:.............................................................................................................................................................
iii) Give the structural formula or the name of an isomer of A: (2mks)
.................................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................

iv) What is the main type of reaction that the following undergo based on the fact that they
are unsaturated : (2mks)

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 A:.............................................................................................................................................................
B:.............................................................................................................................................................
v) Outline the mechanism of the reaction D to F
.................................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
vi) What is the general name given to compounds like C.(1mk)
.............................................................................................................................................................
vii) Give one industrial importance of A.
.............................................................................................................................................................
viii) How can A affect negatively our environment. (1mk)
.................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................
b) 1.0g of an organic compound G containing carbon and Hydrogen only, on analysis gave 0.86g of
Carbon and 0.14g of hydrogen (Ram: C= 12; H =1)

i) Calculate the empirical formula of

G..............................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
ii) Study the mass spectrum below and answer the question that follows:

iii) Which species gave the following peaks at m/e. (1mk)

15: ........................................................................................................................................................
41: ........................................................................................................................................................
iv) Determine a possible structural formula of G: (3mks)
Molecular formula: .................................................................................................................................
Structural formula: .................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
v) Which type of isomerism will G exhbit? ......................................................................................... (1mk)
vi) Draw and name the steoreoisomers of
G. ............................................................................................................................................................

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 .................................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................
(1mk)
THE END
GO BACK AND CHECK YOUR WORK

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