INTRODUCTION

PRESSURISATION

BY CPL TAMAKLOE EDEM EMMANUEL

AEROMECH INSTRUCTOR
OBJECTIVES

The expected learning outcome is that the student is able to

 State how, in general, the pressure inside a pressurised aircraft is

controlled

 List the main components of a pressurisation system

 Explain the difference between a pneumatic and an electro--

pneumatic pressurisation system
 INTRODUCTION TO PRESSURISATION SYSTEM

❖ ln order to protect the occupants of an aircraft from the

discomfort and dangers arising from the effects of reduced
atmospheric pressure encountered at altitudes it is necessary
to pressurise the cabin.

❖ As airplanes ascend higher into the sky, they pump air into
the cabin space to pressurise it.

❖ It doesn’t just create a more comfortable environment for

passengers

❖ Cabin pressurisation is an important safety feature. 4

 PRESSURISED CABIN

❖ Airplanes pressurise their cabin by pumping air into them.

❖ As the jet engines sucks in air, some of the excess air is diverted in
to the cabin.

❖ The air is both cooled and humidified (moisture is added) after

which it is circulated into and throughout the cabin.

❖ Once the cabin achieves an ideal pressure level, the airplane will
maintain it

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 PRESSURISED CABIN (CON’T)

❖ Most airplanes controls their cabin pressure via an outflow valve

❖ If an airplane’s cabin exceeds the pressure for which it’s specified,

the outflow valve will open.

❖ In the open position, excess air will bleed out.

❖ The cabin pressure will then drop to an appropriate level, the

outflow valve closes.
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OUTFLOW VALVE

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OUTFLOW VALVE

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 TYPES OF PRESSURISATION SYSTEMS

❖ Pneumatic pressurisation

❖ Electro – pneumatic pressurisation

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 PNEUMATIC PRESSURISATION
SYSTEMS
❖ A typical pneumatic pressurisation system uses pneumatic
sensing, operating power and control signals to regulate
pressurisation.

❖ The major components of a pneumatically controlled system

are:
 outflow valves
 automatic and manual cabin pressure controllers
 cabin pressure override
 cabin pressure and altitude indicators
 cabin altitude warning 10

 safety valve(s)
 ELECTRO-PNEUMATIC PRESSURISATION SYSTEM

❖ The electro-pneumatic pressurisation system is

similar to the pneumatic system with the
exception that the outflow valves are controlled
electrically.

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PRESSURISATION SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM
PRESSURISED AIR

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 IMPORTANCE OF CABIN PRESSURISATION

❖ Cabin pressurisation is important because of the nuances

between low and high altitude air density.

❖ Air is less dense at high altitudes than low altitudes.

❖ At ground level, the air pressure is a little over 14 psi.

❖ When an airplane reaches its typical cruising altitude – usually

about 30,000 to 40,000 ft – the air pressure may be just 4 to 5 psi

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 CONTINUATION

❖ The low air pressure associated with high altitudes flights can
restrict passengers from receiving an adequate amount of oxygen
unless the cabin is pressurised.

❖ Low air pressure means the air is less dense, therefore it contains
less oxygen.

❖ If the cabin is not pressurised it could lead to insufficient oxygen

as well as related medical problems like hypoxia

❖ Pressurisation ensures passengers as well as crew members an

adequate amount of oxygen in the air they breathe
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 REDUNDANCY MEASURES

❖ Modern airplanes are designed with alternate measures in case

of pressurisation failure.

❖ If an airplane cabin loses its pressure, oxygen masks will

automatically drop down in front of the passengers.

❖ Passengers can place one of these oxygen masks over their face
to obtain a sufficient amount of oxygen until the airplane
descends and land.

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ANY QUESTIONS???