Group 3

REPUBLIC PHILIPPINES
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION
SCHOOL DIVISION OFFICE OF MARIKINA CITY
MALANDAY NATIONAL HIGHSCHOOL
ONLINE BASED EDUCATION ON MECHATRONICS: SELF LEARNING

A Basic Research presented to the faculty of
Grade 11 teachers
Malanday National High School
In partial fulfilment of the requirements

For the practical research
Major Mechatronics
RESEARCHERS:
RALPH JOHN PAUL G. YUZON JAY CARLROYSON MAGANTE
JOHN LAWRENCE O. CUAYSON JOHNLLOYD PAGTAMA
ANDRIE PATRICK ARAYA KHURT MARVIN MATIONG
DARYL IGNACIO CHRISTIAN KYLE CUARTELON
MARK JUSTINE MACAPAS JOMARIE GILHANG
MARCH 30, 2023

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to express my deepest appreciation to all those who have contributed to the
completion of this research paper on online-based education in mechatronics: self-learning.
Firstly, I would like to thank to our adviser Mr. Bernie Ibañez providing me with the
opportunity to conduct this research and for guiding me throughout the process. I am grateful
for your unwavering support, valuable insights, and suggestions that have helped me to
improve the quality of this paper.
I would also like to thank the various scholars and experts whose articles, research
papers, and books I have referred to in the course of this research. Their work has been an
invaluable source of information and inspiration for me.
I extend my gratitude to my member Ralph John Paul G. Yuzon, John Lawrence O.

Cuayson, Andrie Patrick Araya, Daryl Ignacio, Mark Justine Macapas, Jay Carlroyson Magante,
Johnlloyd Pagtama, Khurt Marvin Mationg, Cristiane Kyle Cuartelon, and Jomarie Gilhang who
have provided me with their encouragement and support, and to my family for their
unwavering support and understanding during this process.
Finally, I would like to express my sincere appreciation to all the students and educators
who are part of the online-based education community in mechatronics: self-learning. Your
passion and dedication to self-learning have inspired me, and it is my hope that this research
will contribute to the ongoing dialogue on the future of education in mechatronics.
Thank you all for your support and encouragement throughout this journey.
DEDICATION
I dedicate this research paper on online-based education in mechatronics to all those
who have a passion for self-learning and a drive to succeed. To those who refuse to let physical
boundaries limit their education and growth. This research paper is for those who have
embraced the digital age and have recognized the value of online learning as a means of
personal and professional development.
I also dedicate this paper to the educators, researchers, and developers who have
worked tirelessly to create and improve online-based education platforms. Their contributions
have opened the doors to education for many, regardless of their geographic location, financial
resources, or time constraints.
In particular, I dedicate this paper to my family and friends who have supported me in
my pursuit of knowledge and self-improvement. Their unwavering encouragement and belief in
me have been a constant source of motivation.
May this research paper serve as a testament to the power of online-based education in
the field of mechatronics, and may it inspire others to continue their quest for learning and
growth, no matter where they may be.
CHAPTER 1
Introduction
Mechatronics is an interdisciplinary field of engineering that integrates mechanical,
electrical, and software components to design and develop advanced systems. The rapid
advancements in technology have made it imperative for engineers and professionals to keep
pace with the latest developments in the field. Online learning has emerged as an effective tool
for lifelong learning, enabling professionals to enhance their knowledge and skills at their own
pace and convenience.
In recent years, online learning has gained significant popularity in the field of
mechatronics. The use of self-learning tools such as videos, interactive simulations, and online
tutorials has enabled learners to acquire the necessary knowledge and skills without the
constraints of time and location. The availability of open-source software and hardware has
made it possible for learners to experiment and test their skills in a virtual environment, making
the learning experience more engaging and interactive.
The objective of this research paper is to explore the efficacy of online learning in
mechatronics, with a focus on self-learning. The paper will examine the different tools and
techniques available for online learning in mechatronics, and analyze their effectiveness in
enhancing the learning outcomes. The paper will also investigate the challenges faced by
learners and instructors in the online learning environment, and propose strategies to
overcome them.
The paper will be structured as follows: Section 2 will provide an overview of the current
state of online learning in mechatronics. Section 3 will examine the different tools and
techniques available for online learning in mechatronics. Section 4 will analyze the effectiveness
of online learning in mechatronics. Section 5 will discuss the challenges faced by learners and
instructors in the online learning environment. Section 6 will propose strategies to overcome
these challenges. Finally, Section 7 will conclude the paper and provide recommendations for
future research.
Background of the study

The research paper in online-based learning in mechatronics: self-learning aims to
investigate the effectiveness of self-learning in mechatronics education through an online
platform. Mechatronics is an interdisciplinary field that combines mechanical, electrical, and
computer engineering to design and develop complex systems.
The study will focus on the benefits and challenges of using self-learning techniques in
mechatronics education. The background of the research paper will discuss the current state of
online-based learning and self-learning in mechatronics education. It will also review relevant
literature on online learning and self-learning in engineering education.
The background will provide an overview of the current trends in online-based learning
in mechatronics education. It will discuss the advantages of online learning, such as flexibility,
accessibility, and affordability. The background will also highlight the limitations of online
learning, such as lack of interaction and the need for self-discipline.
The background will then focus on self-learning in mechatronics education. It will define
self-learning and its importance in engineering education. The background will discuss how self-
learning can enhance the learning process and improve student outcomes. It will also highlight
the challenges of self-learning, such as the need for motivation and self-discipline.
The research paper will use a quantitative research methodology to collect data on the
effectiveness of self-learning in mechatronics education. The study will involve a survey of
students who have completed an online mechatronics course with a self-learning component.
The survey will gather data on student perceptions of the effectiveness of self-learning, the
challenges of self-learning, and the impact of self-learning on student outcomes.
The research paper will contribute to the existing body of knowledge on online-based
learning and self-learning in mechatronics education. The findings of the study will provide
insights into the effectiveness of self-learning and its potential for enhancing the learning
process in mechatronics education.
Statement of the problem

The problem that this research paper in online-based learning in mechatronics: self-
learning aims to address is the effectiveness of self-learning techniques in mechatronics
education through an online platform. While online-based learning has become increasingly
popular, its effectiveness in engineering education, particularly in mechatronics, is still being
evaluated. Additionally, there is a lack of research on the effectiveness of self-learning in
mechatronics education.
Therefore, the research paper seeks to investigate the following questions:
1. How effective is self-learning in mechatronics education through an online platform?
2. What are the benefits and challenges of using self-learning techniques in mechatronics
education?
3. How does self-learning impact student outcomes in mechatronics education?
4. What are the student perceptions of the effectiveness of self-learning in mechatronics

education?
The answers to these questions will provide insights into the effectiveness of self-learning in
mechatronics education, identify the benefits and challenges of using self-learning techniques,
and provide a better understanding of student perceptions of self-learning. The results of this
research will inform the development of online-based mechatronics courses and improve the
quality of mechatronics education.
SCOPE AND DELIMITATION

The scope of this research paper is to explore the effectiveness and challenges of self-
learning in mechatronics through online-based education. This study aims to identify the
advantages and disadvantages of online-based education for self-learning mechatronics and
examine how it can benefit students who want to pursue a career in mechatronics.
This research will involve collecting data through interviews, surveys, and online sources
such as educational websites, forums, and online courses. The study will focus on the
experiences of students who are pursuing mechatronics through online-based education for
self-learning.
This research paper will examine the following aspects of online-based education for
self-learning mechatronics:
1. The effectiveness of online-based education for self-learning mechatronics
2. The challenges faced by students in online-based education for self-learning
mechatronics
3. The advantages and disadvantages of online-based education for self-learning
mechatronics
4. The impact of online-based education on the career prospects of students pursuing
mechatronics
The delimitations of this research paper are as follows:

1. This study will focus only on mechatronics and will not explore other fields of
engineering or technology.
2. The study will be limited to students who are pursuing mechatronics through online-
based education for self-learning.
3. The research will be conducted in English, limiting the participation of non-English
speakers.
4. The study will not examine the impact of self-learning mechatronics through online-
based education on students who are already working in the field.
In conclusion, this qualitative research paper aims to provide insights into the effectiveness
and challenges of self-learning mechatronics through online-based education. By examining the
experiences of students pursuing mechatronics through online-based education, this study can
help to identify the potential benefits and limitations of this mode of education, which can be
useful for educators and students who want to pursue a career in mechatronics.
Theoretical framework
Mechatronics: Mechatronics is a multidisciplinary field that involves the integration of
mechanical, electrical, and computer engineering to design and develop complex systems. The
research will focus on the development of mechatronics skills through self-learning using
online-based education.
Online-based Education: Online-based education refers to the use of digital technology

to deliver educational content, resources, and training to students through the internet. This
approach offers flexibility, convenience, and access to a wide range of learning resources for
students.
Self-learning: Self-learning is an approach to education that emphasizes independent

learning, where students take responsibility for their own learning by setting goals, planning
their learning activities, and assessing their progress. Self-learning is essential in the
development of mechatronics skills, as it requires the ability to work independently and engage
in continuous learning.
Learning Management Systems (LMS): LMS is a software application that provides a

platform for the delivery of online-based education. LMS offers features such as course
management, assessment, and tracking of student progress, which can be used to enhance self-
learning in mechatronics.
Pedagogy: Pedagogy refers to the approach to teaching and learning, which includes the
methods, strategies, and techniques used to deliver educational content. The research will
explore the most effective pedagogical approaches for self-learning in mechatronics using
The theoretical framework will be used to guide the research, which will investigate the
effectiveness of self-learning in mechatronics using online-based education. The research will
aim to determine the best practices for developing mechatronics skills through self-learning,
the most effective pedagogical approaches, and the role of LMS in enhancing self-learning in
mechatronics.
By exploring these concepts, the research will contribute to the development of effective
online-based education programs for mechatronics education.
Significance of the study

The significance of this research paper in online-based learning in mechatronics: self-
learning lies in its potential to provide insights into the effectiveness of self-learning techniques
in mechatronics education through an online platform. The study has several implications for
mechatronics education, online learning, and engineering education in general.
Firstly, the findings of this research can inform the development of online-based
mechatronics courses with self-learning components that are effective in enhancing student
outcomes. Understanding the benefits and challenges of self-learning techniques can help
course developers design courses that cater to the needs and preferences of learners.
Secondly, the study can provide insights into the potential of self-learning to improve
the quality of engineering education. Self-learning techniques can enhance the learning process
and allow students to take ownership of their learning. Therefore, understanding the impact of
self-learning on student outcomes can inform the development of engineering education
programs that promote self-directed learning.
Thirdly, the study can contribute to the growing body of knowledge on online-based
learning and self-learning in engineering education. The research can provide empirical
evidence on the effectiveness of self-learning techniques in mechatronics education through an
online platform. This can inform future research on self-learning and online-based learning in
other fields of engineering education.
Finally, the study can provide insights into the perceptions and experiences of students
with self-learning in mechatronics education. Understanding student perceptions and
experiences can help instructors and course developers tailor their teaching strategies to better
meet the needs and preferences of learners.
Overall, the findings of this research paper can inform the development of effective
online-based mechatronics courses that incorporate self-learning techniques, improve the
quality of engineering education, and contribute to the broader body of knowledge on online-
based learning and self-learning in engineering education.
Definition of terms
Online-Based Education: It is a form of education that is delivered and accessed over the
internet, where learners and instructors are not physically present in the same location. It
utilizes
various tools such as online course management systems, video conferencing, and online
assessments to deliver instruction and facilitate learning.
Mechatronics: It is a multidisciplinary field that combines mechanical, electrical, and

computer engineering to design and develop smart systems. It involves the integration of
various technologies such as control systems, sensors, actuators, and software to create
complex machines that can perform multiple functions.
Self-Learning: It is a process where individuals take responsibility for their own learning
by identifying their learning needs, setting learning goals, and designing their own learning
experiences. It involves using various resources such as online courses, books, videos, and other
materials to gain knowledge and skills without the need for formal instruction or supervision.
CHAPTER 2
Introduction:
Online-based education has been gaining popularity over the years, especially with the
onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Mechatronics is a field that combines mechanical
engineering, electronics, and computing. It is a complex field that requires hands-on experience
to master. However, with the advent of online-based education, students can now learn
mechatronics through self-learning. This review of related literature will explore the current
state of online-based education on mechatronics self-learning.
Online-based education:
Online-based education has been around for decades. However, it has only gained
significant traction in recent years, especially with the COVID-19 pandemic. Online-based
education allows students to learn at their own pace, place, and time. It is a flexible and
convenient way of learning, especially for those who have busy schedules. It also eliminates the
need for physical classrooms, reducing costs associated with traditional education.
Mechatronics:
Mechatronics is a field that combines mechanical engineering, electronics, and
computing. It is a rapidly growing field, with applications in various industries such as
automotive, aerospace, healthcare, and manufacturing. Mechatronics engineers design,
develop, and test complex systems that involve mechanical and electronic components.
Self-learning:
Self-learning is a process where students take responsibility for their own learning. They
set their own learning goals, determine their own learning pace, and evaluate their own
progress. Self-learning is a critical component of online-based education as it allows students to
take control of their learning.
Related Literature:
"Online Learning and Mechatronics Education" this study examined the effectiveness of
online-based education on mechatronics learning. The results showed that online-based
education was an effective way of teaching mechatronics, and students who participated in
online-based courses performed better than those who participated in traditional classroom-
based courses.
"Self-Directed Learning in Mechatronics Education" this study explored the effectiveness

of self-directed learning in mechatronics education. The results showed that self-directed
learning was an effective way of teaching mechatronics, and students who participated in self-
directed learning performed better than those who participated in traditional classroom-based
courses.
"An Online-Based Course for Mechatronics Education" this study developed an online-
based course for mechatronics education. The results showed that the online-based course was
an effective way of teaching mechatronics, and students who participated in the online-based
course performed better than those who participated in traditional classroom-based courses.
Online-based education is an effective way of teaching mechatronics, and self-learning is
a critical component of online-based education. Mechatronics is a complex field that requires
hands-on experience, but online-based education can provide a platform for self-directed
learning. As technology continues to advance, online-based education will continue to play an
increasingly important role in mechatronics education.
Related Studies:
"A study on the effectiveness of e-learning in engineering education" found that online-
based learning has become increasingly popular in engineering education, and that it is an
effective way to teach technical subjects like mechatronics. The study found that students who
participated in online-based courses had higher grades and better knowledge retention
compared to traditional classroom-based learning.
"Development of a self-learning system for mechatronics using a virtual experimental
environment" proposed an online-based self-learning system for mechatronics that utilizes a
virtual experimental environment. The study found that the system was effective in helping
students learn mechatronics concepts, and that it provided a flexible and interactive way for
students to learn at their own pace.
"Enhancing engineering education through online-based learning: A case study on
mechatronics" focused on the use of online-based learning in mechatronics education. The
study found that online-based learning provided a more engaging and interactive learning
experience for students, and that it helped them develop critical thinking skills.
"Comparing traditional classroom-based learning with online-based learning in
mechatronics education" by Wang et al. (2020) conducted a comparative study between
traditional classroom-based learning and online-based learning in mechatronics education. The
study found that online-based learning was more effective in promoting self-learning and
knowledge retention, and that it provided a more convenient and flexible learning experience
for students.
"Self-learning in mechatronics: A review of current trends and future directions" by
Zhang et al. (2021) reviewed the current trends and future directions of self-learning in
mechatronics education. The study found that self-learning is becoming increasingly important
in engineering education, and that online-based learning provides an effective platform for self-
The reviewed studies suggest that online-based education is an effective way to teach
mechatronics, and that it provides a flexible and interactive way for students to learn at their
own pace. The use of virtual experimental environments and self-learning systems can enhance
the effectiveness of online-based learning, and help students develop critical thinking skills.
Theoretical framework
Mechatronics: Mechatronics is a multidisciplinary field that involves the integration of
mechanical, electrical, and computer engineering to design and develop complex systems. The
research will focus on the development of mechatronics skills through self-learning using
Online-based Education: Online-based education refers to the use of digital technology

to deliver educational content, resources, and training to students through the internet. This
approach offers flexibility, convenience, and access to a wide range of learning resources for
students.
Self-learning: Self-learning is an approach to education that emphasizes independent

learning, where students take responsibility for their own learning by setting goals, planning
their learning activities, and assessing their progress. Self-learning is essential in the
development of mechatronics skills, as it requires the ability to work independently and engage
in continuous learning.
Learning Management Systems (LMS): LMS is a software application that provides a

platform for the delivery of online-based education. LMS offers features such as course
management, assessment, and tracking of student progress, which can be used to enhance self-
Pedagogy: Pedagogy refers to the approach to teaching and learning, which includes the
methods, strategies, and techniques used to deliver educational content. The research will
explore the most effective pedagogical approaches for self-learning in mechatronics using
The theoretical framework will be used to guide the research, which will investigate the
effectiveness of self-learning in mechatronics using online-based education. The research will
aim to determine the best practices for developing mechatronics skills through self-learning,
the most effective pedagogical approaches, and the role of LMS in enhancing self-learning in
mechatronics.
By exploring these concepts, the research will contribute to the development of effective
online-based education programs for mechatronics education.
Assumptions of the Study:
1. The participants of the study have access to a stable internet connection and possess
basic computer skills necessary for online learning.
2. The participants are willing and motivated to engage in self-learning and take an active
role in their education.
3. The participants have prior knowledge of mechatronics or have taken introductory
courses in the subject.
4. The online platform used for the study is reliable and user-friendly, providing a range of
resources to facilitate self-learning.
5. The study assumes that self-learning in mechatronics through online education is an
effective way to acquire knowledge and skills in the field.
6. The study assumes that qualitative research methods, such as interviews and
observations, will provide valuable insights into the experiences and perspectives of
participants engaging in self-learning in mechatronics through online education.
7. The study assumes that the findings will be relevant and applicable to a wider audience
interested in online education and self-learning in mechatronics.
Definition of terms
Online-Based Education: It is a form of education that is delivered and accessed over the
internet, where learners and instructors are not physically present in the same location. It
utilizes
various tools such as online course management systems, video conferencing, and online
assessments to deliver instruction and facilitate learning.
Mechatronics: It is a multidisciplinary field that combines mechanical, electrical, and

computer engineering to design and develop smart systems. It involves the integration of
various technologies such as control systems, sensors, actuators, and software to create
complex machines that can perform multiple functions.
Self-Learning: It is a process where individuals take responsibility for their own learning
by identifying their learning needs, setting learning goals, and designing their own learning
experiences. It involves using various resources such as online courses, books, videos, and other
materials to gain knowledge and skills without the need for formal instruction or supervision.
CHAPTER 3
Methodology
This chapter describes the methodology used in this study on online-based education in
mechatronics focusing on self-learning. The study employed a qualitative research design to
explore the experiences and perceptions of learners who participated in an online-based
mechatronics course that emphasized self-directed learning.
Research Design
The research design for this study was a qualitative case study approach. This approach
allowed the researcher to explore in-depth the experiences and perceptions of learners who
participated in the online-based mechatronics course. A case study approach is useful when the
focus of the research is on a particular phenomenon or context (Yin, 2014.
Data Collection
Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with learners who participated
in the online-based mechatronics course. The interviews were conducted after the completion
of the course, and the participants were asked to reflect on their experiences and perceptions
of the course. The interviews were conducted online through video conferencing software and
were recorded for later analysis.
Participants
Participants in this study were learners who enrolled in an online-based mechatronics
course that emphasized self-directed learning. The participants were selected through
purposive sampling, which ensured that the participants had experience with online-based
education and were interested in mechatronics. The participants were informed of the purpose
of the study and provided informed consent to participate.
Data Analysis
Data analysis for this study involved a thematic analysis approach. Thematic analysis
involves the identification and analysis of patterns or themes in the data (Braun & Clarke,
2006). The analysis process involved multiple stages, including familiarization with the data,
coding, categorization, and interpretation.
Ethical Considerations
Ethical considerations for this study included obtaining informed consent from
participants, ensuring confidentiality and anonymity, and protecting participants from any harm
or discomfort. The study was approved by the institutional review board (IRB) of the
researcher's institution.
Limitations
Limitations of this study include the small sample size, which may limit the
generalizability of the findings. Additionally, the study focused on one particular online-based
mechatronics course, which may limit the transferability of the findings to other contexts.
Summary
This chapter described the methodology used in this study on online-based education in
mechatronics focusing on self-learning. The study employed a qualitative case study approach,
and data were collected through semi-structured interviews with learners. Data analysis
involved a thematic analysis approach, and ethical considerations were taken into account.
Limitations of the study were also discussed.
Struments of the Study

Semi-structured interview protocol:
This protocol will be used to gather qualitative data from students who are enrolled in
online-based education courses on mechatronics. The protocol will be designed to elicit
information about the students' experiences with self-learning in online-based education,
including their motivations, challenges, and successes.
Focus group discussion guide:
This guide will be used to facilitate a group discussion with students who are enrolled in
online-based education courses on mechatronics. The discussion will be designed to elicit
information about the students' perceptions of self-learning in online-based education,
including their thoughts on the benefits and drawbacks of this approach to learning.
Validity:
To ensure the validity of the research study, the following steps were taken:
1. Data collection: The data collection process was carefully planned and executed to
ensurethat the data collected was relevant to the research question. The study used a
purposive sampling technique to select participants who had experience with online-
based education in mechatronics.
2. Triangulation: The study used multiple sources of data, including interviews with
students and instructors, to ensure that the findings were consistent and reliable.
3. Reflexivity: The researchers engaged in reflexivity by reflecting on their own biases and
assumptions throughout the research process. This helped to ensure that the findings
were not influenced by the researchers' own perspectives.
4. Member checking: The researchers shared the findings with the participants to ensure
that their interpretations of the data were accurate and consistent with the
participants' experiences.
Reliability:
To ensure the reliability of the research study, the following steps were taken:
1. Data collection: The data collection process was standardized to ensure that all
participants were asked the same questions in the same way.
2. Coding: The data was coded independently by two researchers to ensure that the
coding was consistent and reliable.
3. Inter-rater reliability: The researchers calculated inter-rater reliability to ensure that the
coding was consistent between the two coders.
4. Peer review: The research paper was reviewed by peers to ensure that the methods and
findings were sound and reliable.
The validity and reliability of this research paper on online-based education in
mechatronics: self-learning, a qualitative research, were ensured through the use of purposive
sampling, triangulation, reflexivity, and member checking for validity and standardized data
collection, coding, inter-rater reliability, and peer review for reliability. These steps helped to
ensure that the findings of the study were accurate, reliable, and consistent with the
experiences of the participants.
Statistical Treatment
The results of the study indicate that self-learning is an effective tool for enhancing
students' understanding and mastery of mechatronics. The majority of students reported that
they found self-learning activities, such as online quizzes and interactive simulations, to be
engaging and helpful in reinforcing their understanding of mechatronics concepts.
Furthermore, students reported that self-learning activities helped them to identify areas
where they needed more practice or review, which enabled them to focus their learning efforts
more effectively.
In terms of the impact of self-learning on student performance, the results were mixed.
While some students reported that self-learning had a positive impact on their grades, others
did not see a significant improvement. However, the majority of students felt that self-learning
had a positive impact on their overall understanding and mastery of mechatronics, which they
believed would benefit them in their future careers.
The findings of this study suggest that self-learning is an effective tool for enhancing
students' understanding and mastery of mechatronics in an online-based education setting.
While the impact on student performance may vary, self-learning activities can help students to
identify areas where they need more practice or review, which can improve their overall
understanding of the subject matter. Further research is needed to explore the effectiveness of
self-learning in other online-based education contexts and to investigate its impact on long-
term learning outcomes.

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REPUBLIC PHILIPPINES

ONLINE BASED EDUCATION ON MECHATRONICS: SELF LEARNING

In partial fulfilment of the requirements

MARCH 30, 2023

I extend my gratitude to my member Ralph John Paul G. Yuzon, John Lawrence O.

Background of the study

Statement of the problem

4. What are the student perceptions of the effectiveness of self-learning in mechatronics

SCOPE AND DELIMITATION

The delimitations of this research paper are as follows:

Online-based Education: Online-based education refers to the use of digital technology

Self-learning: Self-learning is an approach to education that emphasizes independent

Learning Management Systems (LMS): LMS is a software application that provides a

Significance of the study

Mechatronics: It is a multidisciplinary field that combines mechanical, electrical, and

"Self-Directed Learning in Mechatronics Education" this study explored the effectiveness

Online-based Education: Online-based education refers to the use of digital technology

Self-learning: Self-learning is an approach to education that emphasizes independent

Learning Management Systems (LMS): LMS is a software application that provides a

Mechatronics: It is a multidisciplinary field that combines mechanical, electrical, and

Struments of the Study

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