set 4 calculus

MARTINEZ TEJEDA ELINDER YAEL

September 2021

1 problems 3.3
σf σf
1. Let f (x, y) = 2x − 3y. what is σx and σy

σf
=2
σx
σf
= −3
σy

2. Let A = (a, b) and let f be the function on R2 such that f (X) = A ∗ X.

Let X = (x, y). in terms of the coordinates of A, determine σf σf
σx and σy
for first we have f(x)=(ax,by) then

σf
=a
σx
σf
=b
σy

3. Let A = (a, b, c) and let f be the function on R3 such that f (X) = A ∗ X.

Let X = (x, y, z). in terms of the coordinates of A, determine σf σf
σx , σy and
σf
σz
using the same logic for this problem

σf
=a
σx
σf
=b
σy
σf
=c
σz

1
 4. generalize the above two exercises to n-space
Let A = (a, b, ..., n) and let f be the function on Rn such that f (X) = A∗X.
Let X = (x, y, ...m). in terms of the coordinates of A, determine σf σf
σx , σy ,...,
σf
σm
if we differentiate for an m that is in X we will have an n that is in A since
we are generalizing for an Rn then its space will be all n

σf
=a
σx
σf
=b
σy
σf
=c
σz
.
.
σf
=n
σm

2 problems 3.4
1. sin(x + y)

σ2 f σf
= (cos(x + y)) = −sin(x + y)
σx2 σx
σ2 f σf
= (cos(x + y)) = −sin(x + y)
σy 2 σy
σ2 f σf
= (cos(x + y)) = −sin(x + y)
σxσy σxσy

σ2 f
= −sin(x + y)
σyσx
2. xyz

D1 f (x, y, z) = yz
D2 D1 f (x, y, z) = z
D3 D2 D1 f (x, y, z) = 1

D3 f (x, y, z) = xy
D2 D3 f (x, y, z) = x
D1 D2 D3 f (x, y, z) = 1

2
3 problems 4.1
1. suppose that f is a function such that

gradf (1, 1, 1) = (5, 2, 1)

2 −3
. let C(t) = (t , t , t) find

d
(f (C(t)))
dt
at t=1 using the formula d
dt (f (C(t))) = (gradf (C(t))) ∗ C 0 (t) we have

(5t2 , 2t−3 , t) ∗ (2t, t−4 , 1) = (10t3 , −6t−7 , t)

and substitute at t=1 we have

(10, −6, 1) = 5

2. Let f (x, y) = e9x+2y and g(x, y) = sin(4x + y). let C be a curve such that
C(0)=(0,0) given

d
 d

dt f (C(t)) t=0 = 2 and dt g(C(t)) t=0 =1
 

find C 0 (0).
let C 0 (a, b) = (a, b), f (x, y) = e9x+2y , g(x, y) = sin(4x + y) and C(0) =
(0, 0) then taking the grad of f and g we have
gradf (C(0)) = (9, 2) and gradg(C(0)) = (4, 1)
therefore using the expression given

d 
f (C(t))t=0 = (9, 2) ∗ (a, b) = 9a + 2b = 2
dt
d 
g(C(t))t=0 = (4, 1) ∗ (a, b) = 4a + b = 1
dt
solving the equation system we have a = 0andb = 1 hence C 0 (0) = (0, 1)
3. a) Let P be a constant vector. Let g(t) = f (tP ), where f is some differen-
tiable function. What is g 0 (t)
using the chain rule we have

gradf (tP ) ∗ P

3
 b)Let f be a differentiable function deffined on all of space. assume that
f (tP ) = tf (P )for all numbers t and all point P. show that for all P we
have

f (P ) = gradf (0) ∗ P
using the same result in a) and t=0 we have

tf (P ) = gradf (tP ) ∗ P = gradf (0) ∗ P

4 problems 4.2
1. find the equation of the tangent plane and normal line to each of the
following surface at the specific point
a) x2 + y 2 + z 2 = 49 at (6, 2, 3)
the plane
gradf (x, y, z) = 2x + 2y + 2z
gradf (6, 2, 3) = 12 + 4 + 6
hence we have the line

X = (6, 2, 3) + t(12, 4, 6)

b) xy + yz + zx − 1 = 0 at (1, 1, 0) for first xy + yz + zx = 1

the plane
gradf (x, y, z) = x + y + 2z
 
(y + z)
(x + z)
(x + y)

grandf (1, 1, 0) =
 
1
1
2

hence we have the line

X = (1, 1, 0) + t(1, 1, 2)

c)x2 + xy 2 + y 3 + 1 = 0
the plane
gradf (x, y, z) =

4
 (2x + y 2 )
 
(2xy + 3y 2 )
(1)

gradf (2, −3, 4) =

 
13
15
1
hence we have the line

X = (2, −3, 4) + t(13, 15, 1)

2. let f (x, y, z) = z − ex siny, and P = (log3, 3π

2 , −3) find:
a) gradf (P ) = (3, 0, 1)

gradf (x, y, z) = (ex , 0, 1)

3π
gradf (log3, , −3) = (elog3 , 0, 1)
2
=(3,0,1)
b)the normal line at P to the level surface for f which passes through P.
the line passes through
3π
X = (log3, , −3) + t(3, 0, 1)
2
c) the tangent plane to this surface at P
using the gradf (P ) = (3, 0, 1) we have

3x + z = 3log3 + 1

3. find the parametric representation of the tangent line to the curve inter-
section of the following surfaces at the indicated point.
x2 + y 2 + z 2 = 49 and x2 + y 2 = 13 at (3, 2, −6)

A ∗ gradf (3, 2, −6) = (6, 4, −12) ∗ (a, b, c) = 6a + 4b − 12c = 0

A ∗ gradg(3, 2, −6) = (6, 4) ∗ (a, b) = 6a + 4b = 0

let a=2. solving for b and c we have

a=2, b=-3 and c=0

hence the parametric representation of the tangent line is

X = (3, 2, −6) + t(2, −3, 0)

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4. the equation of the tangent plane to the surface z = f (x, y) at the given
point P when f is the following function

f (x, y) = x2 + y 2 , P = (3, −4, 25)

gradf (3, −4, 25) = (6x, 8y, −1)

and the equation is
6x + 8y − z = 25

5. find the cosine of the angle between the surfaces

x2 + y 2 + z 2 = 3
and
x − z 2 − y 2 = −3
at the point (−1, 1, −1)

gradf ∗ A = 2xa + 2yb + 2zc

gradg ∗ A = a − 2yb − 2zc

given the point (-1,1,-1)

N1 = 2a + 2b + 2c
N2 = a − 2b − 2c

now the dot product of the vectors is

√ √
N1 ∗N2 = |N ||S|cosθ = (−2a+2b−2c)(a−2b+2c) = 4 + 4 + 4 1 + 4 + 4cosθ
√
−2 − 4 − 4 = 3 12cosθ
√
−10 = 3 12cosθ
−10
cosθ = √
3 12
6. a) A differentiable curve C(t) lies on the surface

x2 + 4y 2 + 9z 2 = 14

and is so parametrized that C(0) = (1, 1, 1) let

f (x, y, z) = x2 + 4y 2 + 9z 2

and let h(t) = f (C(t)). find h0 (0)

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if h(t) = f (C(t)) that’s means h(0) = f (C(0)) = (1, 1, 1) then h0 (0) =
f (C 0 (0)) = 0
b)let g(x, y, z) = x2 + y 2 + z 2 and let k(t) = g(C(t)) supppose in addition
that C 0 (0) = (4, −1, 0), find k 0 (0)

gradg(x, y, z) = (8, −2, 0)

hence we have

gradg(0) = 8 − 2 = 6