154 Industrial Polymers, Specialty Polymers, and Their Applications 1.24.5 Poly(Vinyl Ethers} ‘Commercial uses have developed for several poly(vinyl ethers) in which R is methyl, ethyl, and isobutyl The vinyl alkyl ether monomers are produced from acetylene and the corresponding alcohols, and the polymerization is usually conducted by cationic initiation using Friedel-Craft-type catalysts Poly(vinyl methyl ether) is a water-soluble viscous liquid which has found application in the adhesive and rubber industries. One particular applications has been as a heat sensitizer in the manufacture of rubber-latex dipped goods. Ethyl and butyl derivatives have found uses as adhesives. Presure-sensitive adhesive tapes made from poly(vinyl ethyl cither) incorporating antioxidants are said to have tovice the shelf life of similar tapes ‘made from natural rubber, Copolymers of vinyl isobutyl ether with vinyl chloride vinyl acetate and ethyl acrylate are also produce. 1.2.4.6 Poly(Vinyl Pyrrolidone) -for-pi} ho dn on plasma substitute. Also, about 796 polymer added to whole blood allows it to be frozen, stored at liquid nitrogen temperatures for years, and thawed out without destroying blood cells. merization is usually carried out in aqueous solution to produce a solution containing 1.2.4.7 Poly(Vinyl Carbazole) tet OO Poly(vinyl carbazole) is produced by polymerization of vinyl carbazole using free-radial initiation or gler-Natta catalysis, Poly(vinyl carbazole) has a high softening point, excellent electrical insulating properties, and good photoconductivity, which has led to its application in xerography.