Integrated Science

Ms. Lynch
Science
The study of nature and how it affects us and our environment

Integrated
With various parts, aspects linked or coordinated
Science Branches
Science is divided into many branches. These are some
examples:
Biology- the study of living organisms
Physics- the study of nature, properties of matter and
energy
Chemistry- the study of matter
Astronomy- the study of space and the universe
Geology- the study of the earth
What is Integrated Science?
The study of how various branches of science are linked together
to affect us and our environment.
Science and Technology
Do you see the influence of science in any aspect of your life?
Many machines and devices we use are based on scientific
discoveries.
Phones
Vehicles
Computers

Fighting against diseases would be impossible without

Scientific Research
New discoveries are being made by scientists to assist with
global problems
Even artists use SCIENCE! How would they know which colors
to mix together to get the color they need?
The Importance of Science
Helps us understand the things around us
Solve problems
Train our minds to think logically and systematically
A tool for the development of technology

There are also three major elements that are involved in the
study and practice of science… attitudes, processes or methods
and products
Attitudes Important to Study and Practice
Science
Curiosity
Perseverance
Open-mindedness co-operation
Impartiality
Healthy skepticism
Humility
Integrity
Science Process Skills
To find out and understand nature skills, these include :
Observing
Making hypotheses
Problem-solving
Communicating
Measuring
Inferring
Predicting
Analyzing
Observing
As a scientist you need to be a good observer
You need to make careful and accurate observations about the
things around you
You need to use you sensory organs to collect information

Instruments used to help you observe:

Thermometer
Microscopes
Telescopes
Etc.
Communicating
Communicating is a process skill which involves transmitting
and receiving information presented in various forms such as
tables, charts, graphs, drawings or words.

As scientists you will have to to learn to communicate

effectively. You will have to write laboratory reports

A laboratory report helps you to record, organise and present

information regarding the experiment
A proper Laboratory report should have the following

Experiment #
Title
Aim/ objective
Hypothesis
Apparatus/ material (list of everything used during the experiment)
Method/ procedure (the steps and the order-in which they should be
carried out)
Observation (may be organized in the form of a table)
Results (results may be presented in the form of a graph, tables, etc.)
Discussion
Conclusion
Reflection (what could have been done better, 2 sentences of what you
learned)
Inferring
The skill of attempting to explain observations

Two types of inferring

1. Induction- when generalizations are drawn based on

patterns or relations.

Ex: if one observes that plants in the dark can not make food.
A generalization can be made that light is needed for
photosynthesis
Inferring
2. Deduction- if a conclusion is drawn based on principles and
generalizations.

Ex: Mammals have special characteristics that they can be

identified by. If an unknown animal is seen and it has fur, and
feed its young with milk, a deduction can be made that the
animal is a mammal
Making hypotheses
A hypothesis is an unconfirmed explanation for an observation,
phenomenon or scientific problem that can be tested by
further investigation.

Observation: Your PS5 is plugged in but there is no display on

the TV
Hypothesis: The HDMI cord is loose
Test Hypothesis: Fix the connection (HDMI cord) between
your PS5 and the TV
Planning investigations
In the study of science, to find out about anything, verify
concepts or solve problems we have to plan investigations.
Planning investigations
Here are the steps involved in planning an investigation:

Formulate a question (hypothesis) for investigating

Identify the variables involved- which variable should be
changed? Which variables should be kept constant?
Decide on measurements and observations to be made
Decide on the materials or equipment needed
Decide on the steps or procedure
The Scientific Method
There is a common method of investigation used by most scientists
called the scientific method.
This method includes:
Making careful observations
Recording observations
Suggest a hypothesis
Plan and carry out experiment
If results support hypothesis- Accept
If results do no support hypothesis- suggest a new
hypothesis
Safety Rules in the Laboratory
Scan table page 13 or turn to page 13
Symbols of Hazardous Substances
 Benefits, abuses and limitations of science technology
Benefits Abuses Limitations

1. Communication 1. Guns 1. Natural disasters- beyond our

a. phones control
computers
Hurricanes
b.
a.
c. internet
d. Working remotely 2. Bombs (atomic bombs) b. earthquakes
c. tornadoes
2. Microchips d. tsunamis
e. atm cards 3. cyber hacking
f. watches 2. Electricity- power outages happen
g. GPS devices from time to time
h. calculators
i. video games 4. predators
j. television 5. 3. Laptop- although they are portable
k. radio and cordless, they have to be plugged
in to charge
3. Health Science
l. Vaccines 4. Vehicles- they do not constantly
medicines
m.
run but need gas at some point
n. cures for diseases

4. Agriculture
o. fertilizer
p. machinery
q. genetically modified organisms