Periodontics is a specialized field of dentistry that focuses on the prevention, diagnosis,

and treatment of diseases and conditions that affect the supporting structures of the
teeth, including the gums, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone. These structures are
collectively known as the periodontium. Periodontists are dentists who have undergone
additional training in periodontics to become experts in managing these conditions.

One of the main conditions treated in periodontics is periodontal disease, which is a

bacterial infection that affects the gum tissues and can lead to the destruction of the
supporting structures around the teeth if left untreated. Periodontists diagnose and
treat various forms of periodontal disease, ranging from mild gingivitis (inflammation of
the gums) to severe periodontitis (advanced gum disease).

Periodontists use various techniques and procedures to manage periodontal disease,

including scaling and root planing (a deep cleaning procedure to remove plaque and
calculus from below the gumline), periodontal surgery (to repair or regenerate damaged
gum and bone tissues), and the placement of dental implants (artificial tooth roots that
support replacement teeth). They may also provide guidance and treatment for systemic
conditions that have an impact on the periodontium, such as diabetes or immune
disorders.

In addition to treating periodontal disease, periodontists also focus on periodontal

maintenance, which involves regular check-ups and cleanings to monitor the health of
the periodontium, control infection, and prevent the recurrence of gum disease. They
may also provide cosmetic periodontal procedures to enhance the appearance of the
gums and smile, such as gum grafting or crown lengthening.

Overall, periodontics plays a crucial role in maintaining the health and functionality of
the teeth and their supporting structures. By managing periodontal diseases and
promoting good oral hygiene practices, periodontists aim to prevent tooth loss, improve
oral health, and contribute to the overall well-being of their patients.