Ep-Gis 18-013

EP-GIS 18-013
Specification for Weld Overlay, Integral

Cladding, and Limited Loose Lining of
Pressure Vessels and Other Components
Copyright © 2016 BP International Ltd. All rights reserved.

This document and any data or information generated from its use are classified, as a
minimum, BP Internal. Distribution is intended for BP authorised recipients only. The
information contained in this document is subject to the terms and conditions of the
agreement or contract under which this document was supplied to the recipient's
organisation. None of the information contained in this document shall be disclosed
outside the recipient's own organisation, unless the terms of such agreement or contract
expressly allow, or unless disclosure is required by law.
24 May 2016
ETP
Engineering
Specification for Weld Overlay, Integral Cladding, and Limited Loose Lining of Pressure Vessels and Other Components
Table of Contents
Page
Foreword ........................................................................................................................................ 4
1 Scope .................................................................................................................................... 5
2 Normative references............................................................................................................. 5
3 Terms and definitions............................................................................................................. 6
4 Symbols and abbreviations .................................................................................................... 7
5 Order of precedence .............................................................................................................. 8
6 General requirements ............................................................................................................ 8
6.1 Materials selection ...................................................................................................... 8
6.2 Corrosion resistant alloy (CRA) barrier application ...................................................... 8
6.3 Internal attachments ................................................................................................... 9
6.4 Clad tubesheets, tube to tubesheet joints. .................................................................. 9
6.5 Nozzles ....................................................................................................................... 9
6.6 Storage and fabrication ............................................................................................... 9
6.7 Health, safety, and environmental (HSE) for welding and NDT operations ................ 10
7 Loose or strip linings ............................................................................................................ 10
7.1 General ..................................................................................................................... 10
7.2 Loose lining of nozzles .............................................................................................. 11
8 Integral clad linings .............................................................................................................. 11
8.1 Stainless steels and nickel alloys .............................................................................. 11
8.2 Integral cladding with titanium ................................................................................... 12
8.3 Integral cladding with zirconium ................................................................................ 13
9 Weld deposited overlay ........................................................................................................ 14
9.1 Welding processes.................................................................................................... 14
9.2 Cladding re-instatement ............................................................................................ 14
9.3 Welding equipment ................................................................................................... 15
9.4 Welding consumables ............................................................................................... 15
9.5 Welding gases .......................................................................................................... 17
9.6 Weld overlay requirements ....................................................................................... 17
9.7 Welding procedures .................................................................................................. 17
9.8 Weld overlay with Alloy 400 UNS N04400 (such as MONEL™) for hydrofluoric acid
service ...................................................................................................................... 20
9.9 Weld overlay for valves ............................................................................................. 20
10 Production welding .............................................................................................................. 21
11 Post weld heat treatment (PWHT)........................................................................................ 21
12 Nondestructive testing (NDT) of weld deposited overlay ...................................................... 21
12.1 Nondestructive testing (NDT) procedures ................................................................. 21
12.2 Extent of nondestructive testing (NDT)...................................................................... 22
Page 2 of 27 EP-GIS 18-013

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12.3 Visual testing (VT)..................................................................................................... 22

12.4 Liquid dye penetrant testing (PT) .............................................................................. 22
12.5 Ultrasonic testing (UT) .............................................................................................. 23
13 Positive materials identification (PMI) - chemical analysis .................................................... 25
14 Ferrite measurements .......................................................................................................... 25
15 Quality management ............................................................................................................ 26
16 Inspection, test, and certification .......................................................................................... 26
16.1 Inspection and test plan ............................................................................................ 26
16.2 Inspection access ..................................................................................................... 26
Bibliography .................................................................................................................................. 27
List of Tables
Table 1 - Typical filler metal requirements for weld overlay of vessels and equipment .................. 16
Table 2 - PT inspection acceptance criteria................................................................................... 23
List of Figures
Figure 1 - Cladding re-instatement at a vessel seam .................................................................... 15

Figure 2 - Clad hardness traverses ............................................................................................... 19

24 May 2016
Foreword
This specification contains the same technical content as GPO-EN-SPE-18013 Rev B02.

24 May 2016
1 Scope
a. This Specification provides requirements, recommendations, and possibilities for weld

overlay, integral cladding, and limited loose lining of pressure vessels and other
components including valves for refining, petrochemical, and exploration and production
applications.
b. ASME IX is the underlying industry standard for this Specification and while not
specifically referred to as an exception or addition to ASME IX, this Specification
provides additional requirements.
c. This Specification is not applicable to:
1. Subsea applications such as piping, connectors, and valves.
2. Girth welding of corrosion resistant alloy components (CRA), including process
pipework and linepipe.
3. Manufacture of internally CRA integrally clad or CRA lined pipe.
4. Weld deposited overlay for hard surfacing.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referenced in one or more requirements in this document. For dated
references, only the version cited applies. For undated references, the latest version of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
Company documents
EP-GIS 36-103 Specification for Positive Materials Identification (PMI).
American Petroleum Institute (API)

API Specification Q1 Specification for Quality Management System Requirements for
Manufacturing Organisations for the Petroleum, and Natural Gas
Industry.
American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)

ASME SA-578/SA-578M Specification for Straight-Beam Ultrasonic Examination of Rolled
Steel Plates for Special Applications.
ASME V Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Section V - Nondestructive
Examination.
ASME IX Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Section IX - Welding, Brazing, and
Fusing Qualifications.
American Society of Nondestructive Testing (ASNT)

ASNT-TC-1A Recommended Practice for Personnel Qualification and Certification in
Nondestructive Testing.
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)

ASTM A262 Standard Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranulaar Attack in
Austenitic Stainless Steels.
ASTM A263 Standard Specification for Stainless Chromium Steel-Clad Plate.
ASTM A264 Standard Specification for Stainless Chromium-Nickel Steel-Clad Plate.

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ASTM A265 Standard Specification for Nickel and Nickel-Base Alloy-Clad

Steel Plate.
ASTM A516/A516M Standard Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon Steel, for
Moderate- and Lower-Temperature Service.
ASTM A578/A578M Standard Specification for Straight-Beam Ultrasonic Examination of
Rolled Steel Plates for Special Applications.
ASTM B265 Standard Specification for Titanium and Titanium Alloy Strip, Sheet, and
Plate.
ASTM B898 Standard Specification for Reactive and Refractory Metal Clad Plate.
ASTM E165/E165M Standard Practice for Liquid Penetrant Examination for General Industry.
ASTM E562 Standard Test Method for Determining Volume Fraction by Systematic
Manual Point Count.
ASTM G48 Standard Test Methods for Pitting and Crevice Corrosion Resistance of
Stainless Steels and Related Alloys by Use of Ferric Chloride Solution.
American Welding Society (AWS)

AWS A4.2M Standard Procedures for Calibrating Magnetic Instruments to Measure the
Delta Ferrite Content of Austenitic and Duplex Ferritic-Austenitic
Stainless Steel Weld Metal.
AWS A5.32M/A5.32 Welding Consumables - Gases and Gas Mixtures for Fusion Welding and
Allied Processes.
British Standards Institution (BSI)

BS-EN-ISO 8249 Welding - Determination of Ferrite Number (FN) in austenitic and duplex
ferritic-austenitic Cr-Ni stainless steel weld metals.
BS-EN-ISO 9001 Quality management system - Requirements.
BS-EN-ISO 9712 Non-destructive testing - Qualification and certification of NDT
personnel.
BS-EN ISO 14175 Welding consumables - Gases and gas mixtures for fusion welding and
allied processes.
BS-EN ISO 15614-7 Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic
materials - Welding procedure test.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purpose of this Specification, the following terms and definitions apply:
Back cladding
Application of weld overlay on the exposed base metal at the longitudinal, circumferential, and nozzle
weld seams of integrally clad or weld overlaid equipment.
Company
BP p.l.c., an associate or subsidiary, or other organisation acting as owner, purchaser, or customer as
designated in the Purchase Order.
Company responsible engineer

Company engineer responsible for the technical requirements of the item.
Integral cladding
Metallic lining material that forms a metallurgical bond with the base metal during manufacture.

24 May 2016
Loose lining
Metallic lining that is not integrally bonded with the base metal.
Supplier
Entity entering into a contract with Company to provide materials, goods, supplies, equipment, or
plant and includes the successors and (or) permitted assigns of such entity.
Weld overlay
Metallic lining material deposited by welding.
4 Symbols and abbreviations
For the purpose of this Specification, the following symbols and abbreviations apply:
CRA Corrosion resistant alloy.
CV Curriculum vitae.
ESW Electro slag welding.
FCAW Flux cored arc welding.
FN Ferrite number.
GMAW Gas metal arc welding.
GTAW Gas tungsten arc welding.
HAZ Heat affected zone.
HSE Health, safety, and environmental.
Hv Vickers hardness.
ITP Inspection and test plan.
NDT Nondestructive testing.
PMI Positive materials identification.
PQR Procedure qualification record.
PT Liquid dye penetrant testing.
PWHT Post weld heat treatment.
SAW Submerged arc welding.
SMAW Shielded metal arc welding.
SS Stainless Steel.
UT Ultrasonic testing.
VT Visual testing.

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WPS Welding procedure specification.
5 Order of precedence
a. The order of precedence of the codes and standards quoted in the specifications shall be:
1. International and local statutory regulations.
2. Project data sheets.
3. Project specifications.
4. This Specification.
5. Referenced Company documents.
6. Referenced national and international codes.
b. Areas of apparent conflict between documents shall be brought to the attention of
Company for resolution.
c. In the event of a conflict between this document and a relevant law or regulation, the
relevant law or regulation shall be followed. If the document creates a higher obligation, it
shall be followed as long as this also achieves full compliance with the law or regulation.
d. Design, engineering, procurement, and construction for equipment shall comply with the
statutory laws and regulations of the final location of the asset. Refer to documents
identified in the Purchase Order for a list of these regulations.
e. For projects where the final location of the asset is in the EU:
1. Products supplied shall be confirmed to comply with applicable EU directives.
2. A Declaration of Conformity shall be provided.
3. The CE mark shall be affixed to the package nameplate.
4. Components supplied shall be listed together with the EU directives with which they
comply and the rationale by which compliance has been achieved.
5. A Technical File in compliance with applicable EU directives shall be compiled and
retained for a period of 10 years.
6 General requirements
6.1 Materials selection

Base metal and CRA barrier selection shall consider weldability to the base metal, formability,
and resistance of the CRA barrier to the material damage mechanisms from the environment.
6.2 Corrosion resistant alloy (CRA) barrier application

a. CRA barrier shall be applied using one of the following techniques:
1. Roll cladding.
2. Explosion bonding.
3. Weld deposited overlay.
b. Loose linings may be used for limited applications and shall be subject to approval by
Company responsible engineer.
c. Fabrication details for loose linings shall be subject to approval by Company responsible
engineer.

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6.3 Internal attachments

a. Lightly loaded (less than 50 N/mm2 [7,25 ksi]) internal attachments (e.g. tray support
rings) may be welded directly to the inside of components made from integral clad plate,
subject to the following:
1. Footprint area and an additional band of 50 mm (2 in) around the footprint shall be
shown to be free from lack of bonding by UT.
2. If lack of bonding is present:
a) Cladding shall be cut back and attachment shall be welded directly to the shell.
b) Internal cladding shall then be reinstated by weld metal deposition using CRA
filler metal.
c) This repair method shall not be applied to titanium or zirconium clad items.
b. Attachments may be welded directly to weld deposited internal overlay, after checking for
lack if bonding. If lack of bonding is present, the requirements of 6.3a.2 shall apply.
c. Attachments may be welded directly to the base metal after removal of the clad layer. In
such cases PWHT may be required in conformance to the design code specified in the data
sheets.
d. If welding directly to either integral or weld deposited CRA cladding, Company
responsible engineer will specify if PWHT is required.
6.4 Clad tubesheets, tube to tubesheet joints.

a. If the shell side of an heat exchanger is clad, back face tube to tubesheet welding shall be
acceptable if required by data sheets.
b. If the channel (tubeside) only is clad, back face tube to tubesheet welding shall not be
acceptable since the tube must be welded to the front (clad) face.
6.5 Nozzles
a. Nozzles may be manufactured from clad plate or, except for titanium or zirconium,
internally weld overlaid.
b. Use of loose liners shall be subject to approval by Company responsible engineer.
c. Small diameter nozzles, typically less than or equal to DN 50 (NPS 2), may be solid CRA,
instead of internally clad, subject to approval by Company responsible engineer.
6.6 Storage and fabrication

a. CRA materials shall:
1. Be stored in a covered storage area on nonmetallic dunnage.
2. Be segregated from carbon and low alloy steels during storage.
3. Not contact carbon or low alloy steels during handling or fabrication.
4. Be protected from surface contamination during storage and throughout the
fabrication process.
b. Contact surfaces of any handling or lifting device that will come in contact with the CRA
material shall be stainless steel or soft non-metallic material. Alternatively, lifting may be
performed using wide synthetic material straps.
c. Stainless steel brushes and tools shall be used with CRA material.
d. Blasting, if required, shall be performed using glass beads, garnet, or aluminium oxide.

24 May 2016
e. Paint or any other compound used for marking shall be free from:
1. Low melting point metallic components.
2. Sulphur.
3. Chloride.
4. Other halogens.
f. Fabrication and welding activities shall be controlled in conformance to an international
standard such as ASME or NORSOK, or any other document included in the Purchase
Order, and shall be subject to review and approval by Company responsible engineer.
g. Welding engineers, welding inspectors, and NDT personnel:
1. Shall be currently qualified to a standard, which shall be subject to review and
approval by Company responsible engineer.
2. CVs, job descriptions and certifications shall be available for review and if requested
by Company may be subject to review and approval by Company responsible
engineer.
3. Shall conform to any other requirements included in the Purchase Order.
h. Fabrication procedures, WPS and PQR, and NDT procedures shall be subject to approval
by Company responsible engineer prior to the commencement of any work.
i. Temporary welded attachments made to CRA surfaces shall be subject to approval by
Company responsible engineer prior to the commencement of any work.
6.7 Health, safety, and environmental (HSE) for welding and NDT operations
a. Welding, cutting, NDT, and associated operations shall be performed in a safe manner and
with due regard to individual health and safety and the minimisation of environmental
impact in conformance to Company requirements included in the Purchase Order.
b. Welding, cutting, NDT activities, and associated operations shall be included in Supplier
and sub-suppliers, if applicable, operational safety planning and in the safety audit
schedule.
c. Rooms where welding operations will be performed shall be ventilated and quality of
breathing air during welding operations shall be controlled.
d. As a minimum, radiography operations shall comply with local regulations.
7 Loose or strip linings
7.1 General
a. Application of loose or strip linings for the repair of existing equipment and or new
construction shall be subject to the approval by Company responsible engineer.
b. If loose or strip liners are used in the construction of new equipment, or for the repair of
existing equipment, the effect of process fluid breaching the liner, or associated fabrication
welds, and being trapped between the liner and base metal shall be considered.
c. Design of loose or strip lining shall be subject to approval by Company responsible
engineer prior to the start of any fabrication.
d. Venting of the cavity between the lining and base metal to the outside of the vessel
insulation shall be reviewed with Company responsible engineer.
e. If specified in the applicable materials specification, post forming stress relief heat
treatment of loose liners prior to welding into the vessel or nozzle shall be performed.

24 May 2016
f. PT of loose linings in vessels and nozzles (fillet and plug welds) shall:
1. Be performed following completion of the hydraulic test.
2. Conform to the acceptance criteria in Table 2
g. Loose or strip linings shall not be used in the following applications:
1. Non-vented liners in hydrogen or hydrogen rich service.
2. Vessels subject to PWHT, unless special procedures for design and installation can be
used.
3. Vessels with design temperature greater than 371°C (700°F), or lower than -50°C
(-58°F).
4. Vessels that operate at negative pressure, or undergo pressure cycling, particularly
between positive and negative pressures.
5. Vessels that are designated as “lethal service” in conformance to ASME IX.
6. Vacuum conditions (refer to 7.1g.4).
7. Fatigue (pressure cyclic) conditions (refer to 7.1g.4).
8. High pressure gas service with design pressures greater than 60 barg (870 psig).
7.2 Loose lining of nozzles

If loose lining is the preferred method of adding a CRA barrier within a nozzle, the following
requirements apply:
a. Liner thickness shall be at least 3 mm (0,125 in) thick, except as specified in 8.2g or other
documents in the Purchase Order.
b. If specified on the data sheets, the cavity between the lining and base metal shall be vented
to the outside of the vessel insulation, unless venting is specifically prohibited.
c. Nozzle sleeve welds:
1. Nozzle sleeve welds shall be air tested at 1,8 barg (26 psig).
2. Air pressure test shall be applied between the outside diameter of the sleeve and
inside diameter of the nozzle.
3. Testing shall be after the completion of any PWHT.
8 Integral clad linings
8.1 Stainless steels and nickel alloys

a. Integral clad plate shall be in conformance to ASTM A263, ASTM A264, or ASTM A265,
with quality level 1, and supplementary requirement S12, and in conformance to the
material specification in the Purchase Order, which will:
1. State the required mechanical properties requirements.
2. Define the required Charpy impact toughness for the base plate in the as
manufactured condition and, if required, simulated post weld heat treated condition.
b. Clad plate supplier and clad plate manufacturing procedure shall be subject to approval by
Company responsible engineer prior to the Purchase Order placement.
c. Heat and product analysis shall be required for base plate and cladding alloy.
d. Cladding thickness shall be at least 3 mm (0,125 in), unless specified otherwise in the
Purchase Order documentation.

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e. Integral clad plate examination shall be in conformance to

ASME SA578/SA578M with acceptance level C and supplementary requirements S1, S2,
and S4.
f. Shear strength between cladding and base metal shall exceed the minimum specified in
ASTM A263, ASTM A264, and ASTM A265 for the applicable material combinations.
g. Clad plate shall be subjected to 100% UT for class 1 bond integrity, as specified in
ASTM A263, ASTM A264, and ASTM A265 for the applicable material combinations.
Scanning shall be from the cladding surface.
h. Integral clad plate, including explosion clad plate in conformance to ASTM A263,
ASTM A264 and ASTM A265, shall be cold flattened, if required, after final heat
treatment and de-scaling.
i. Repairs to the clad plate surface, if permitted by Purchase Order documents, shall be
performed in conformance to a procedure subject to approval by Company responsible
engineer.
j. Material combinations not covered by an ASTM specification shall conform to the
requirements specified by Company responsible engineer.
k. Components that are subject to greater than two times the specified time for PWHT after
cladding, shall be subject to corrosion testing. Test method shall conform to ASTM A262
practice A for intergranular corrosion and ASTM G48 Method B for crevice and pitting
tests.
l. As a final operation, austenitic stainless steels, duplex and titanium grade 2 shall be
pickled and passivated unless stated otherwise in the Purchase Order.
m. Weld procedure qualification results will define whether one layer or more is acceptable
(Refer to 9.7). It should be noted that it is a BP procedural requirement that a minimum of
two layers are deposited.
8.2 Integral cladding with titanium

a. Clad plate shall be in conformance to ASTM B898, unless otherwise indicated in this
Specification (refer to 8.2i), and the material specification in the Purchase Order, which
will:
1. State the required mechanical properties requirements.
2. Define the required Charpy impact toughness for the base plate in the as
manufactured condition and, if required, simulated post weld heat treated condition.
b. Clad plate supplier and clad plate manufacturing procedure shall be subject to approval by
Company responsible engineer prior to the Purchase Order placement.
c. Carbon steel base metal shall conform to ASTM A516/A516M grade 70, or an alternative
specification subject to approval by Company responsible engineer.
d. Alternative base metals, such as stainless steels, may be used if specified or subject to
e. Prior to cladding, base plate shall be subjected to UT in conformance to
ASTM A578/A578M and, as a minimum, conform to level B.
f. Cladding materials shall be pure titanium in conformance to ASTM B265 grade 1, unless
specified otherwise.
g. Cladding thickness shall be at least 2 mm (0,08 in), unless specified otherwise.
h. Heat and product analysis shall be specified for the base plate and cladding.

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i. Modification and additions to ASTM B898:

1. Multiple layers of cladding to achieve the required cladding thickness, as permitted in
ASTM B898 paragraph 5.1.5, shall not be used.
2. Clad plate shall be subjected to 100% UT for class A bond integrity.
3. Supplementary S1 bond shear strength testing requirements:
a) Sample shall be removed and tested after heat treatment of clad plate.
b) Sample shall be taken from an edge or corner that represents a final area of
bonding (i.e. in the case of explosive bonding, an area opposite the explosion
bonding initiation site).
c) For pre-qualified clad plate suppliers, testing frequency shall be in conformance
to ASTM B898 S1. Suppliers or manufacturers that have not been pre-qualified,
shall be qualified.
d) Alternatively, a test sample may be taken from each manufactured plate, subject
to the following:
1) If clad plate is manufactured as rolled or by the “bang and roll” process,
testing shall be in both directions of rolling.
2) If clad plate does not require heat treatment by Supplier, Supplier shall
perform a simulated heat treatment of 2 h at 565°C ± 15°C
(1 050°F ± 25°F) and then test in conformance to ASTM B898 S1.
3) Testing of each plate may be waived subject to approval by Company
responsible engineer.
j. For the explosion bonding process, each plate shall be given a heat treatment at
607°C ± 14°C for 1 hr, minimum, plus 15 min per 25 mm above 25 mm (1 125°F ± 25°F
for 1 hr, minimum, plus 15 min per inch above 1 in) of composite thickness in a gas fired
oxidising atmosphere furnace.
k. Removal of titanium surface oxide penetration shall be accomplished by blasting with
100% virgin pure Garnet (99,8% silica dioxide with maximum 0,02% iron oxide) at
100 grit to 180 grit, or power buffing with a 120 grit alumina “flap wheel”.
l. Heat treatment after bonding shall not be carried out for titanium clad plate manufactured
by the following techniques:
1. Explosion bonding process performed in a vacuum chamber.
2. Roll bonding by an approved supplier.
m. Any repair to defective titanium cladding shall require a detailed method statement which
shall be subject to approval of Company responsible engineer.
n. Supplier shall provide their standard welding details for Ti, including cladding at weld
joints and inspection. All titanium welding details shall be subject to approval by Company
8.3 Integral cladding with zirconium

Requirements for integral cladding with zirconium will be included in the Purchase Order, if
applicable.

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9 Weld deposited overlay
9.1 Welding processes

a. For deposition of weld overlay and reinstatement of internal cladding (back cladding) at
main seams and nozzles, the following welding processes may be used:
1. SMAW.
2. FCAW.
3. SAW (wire and strip).
4. ESW.
5. GMAW (pulsed and spray metal transfer).
6. GTAW.
7. Other welding processes subject to approval by Company responsible engineer.
b. For the weld overlay of pressure and process vessel shells, vessel heads, and other large
surface areas having unrestricted access, strip cladding process by SAW or ESW should be
used.
c. Subject to geometric restrictions, mechanised or automated welding techniques shall be
used.
9.2 Cladding re-instatement

a. The typical detail applied in cladding re-instatement local to a seam is shown in Figure 1.
b. Chipped, gouged, or ground surface shall be cleaned of all residual alloy material.
c. Removal of residual alloy material shall be verified with a CuSO4 etch.
d. Depth of base material removed during clad removal shall not exceed 0,8 mm (1/32 in).
e. If chip back or gouge is done from inside, as shown in Figure 1b, 5 mm (3/16 in) minimum
shall be left between edge of chipped or gouged surface and cladding.
f. Final base material weld deposit from inside shall not contact cladding and shall be ground
flush before depositing alloy weld material.
g. Weld seams that require volumetric examination shall be tested before cladding
re-instatement.
h. Each main seam of 11% to 13% chrome (405, 410S) clad vessels shall be spot
radiographed before and after cladding re-instatement.
i. Weld overlay requirements shall also apply to cladding reinstatement welding.
j. Cladding re instatement shall be carried out in conformance to the original weld
procedures for cladding, testing and inspection.

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Figure 1 - Cladding re-instatement at a vessel seam
9.3 Welding equipment

a. Welding power supply voltage and amperage meters shall have current certified
calibration.
b. Wire, or strip feed and travel speed controls, and gas flow meters, shall be calibrated.
c. Welding equipment using wave form control features shall include a meter that displays
instantaneous energy or power. Alternatively, an external meter with high frequency
sampling may be used.
d. During welding procedure qualification and production welding, independent calibrated
instrumentation shall be available to measure and record welding parameters, such as
current, voltage, welding speed, pre-heat and interpass temperatures.
9.4 Welding consumables

a. Procurement, storage, and handling of welding consumables shall be controlled using
procedures in conformance to an international standard such as ASME or NORSOK, or
any other document included in the Purchase Order, and shall be subject to review and
b. CRA welding consumables shall be segregated from other materials so as to avoid
contamination.
c. Welding consumables that have become contaminated and those that cannot be positively
identified, shall be removed from production areas and disposed of.
d. Consumable traceability shall be maintained to ensure that each weld deposit can be
identified with a specific batch of consumables and traced to the applicable certification.
e. SMAW welding consumables shall have a CRA solid core and shall not exceed 5 mm
(3/16 in [6 SWG]) diameter.
f. FCAW tubular consumables shall have a CRA sheath.

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g. Welding consumables for SAW and ESW cladding shall not transfer alloying
elements by means of the flux to achieve the specified weld metal composition. If
deviations are unavoidable, the issues involved shall be raised with Company responsible
engineer for approval of Supplier proposed welding processes.
h. Flux may be recirculated and re-conditioned using a procedure which shall be subject to
i. Flux that has been fused and become “slag” shall not be ground and reused as flux.
j. Overlay consumables to be used for common CRA barriers shall be as shown in Table 1.
Use of alternative consumable compositions shall be subject to agreement by Company
k. Columbium (niobium) to carbon ratio for deposited weld metal of columbium (niobium)
bearing grades of austenitic SS (e.g., types 347 and 309Cb) shall not exceed 16:1.
l. Welding consumables batch test:
1. Welding consumables shall be subjected to batch testing as required by the applicable
AWS specification for the consumable type. (ASME IIC also details the AWS
consumable batch tests per type).
2. Each batch of welding consumables shall be deposited in conformance to the
approved WPS and PQR to ensure that the resultant overlay conforms to the specified
microstructure and chemical analysis, as required in 9.7.
3. Each batch of submerged arc or electroslag flux shall be batch tested with the same
batches of wire and/or strip to be used in production.
4. Corrosion testing shall be included in the batch testing, if specified for PQR welds.
Table 1 - Typical filler metal requirements for weld overlay of vessels and equipment
Cladding or weld Filler metal First pass consumable Second pass

overlay material material (1) (2) consumable
AISI Type 405, 410S Austenitic SS E/ER 309L E/ER 309L
(clad material only) Alloy 82 ERNiCr-3/ENiCrFe-3/ ERNiCR-3/ENiCrFe-3/
ENiCrFe-2 ENiCrFe-2
AISI Type 304 or 304L AISI Type 308L E/ER 309L E/ER 308L
AISI Type 316 or 316L AISI Type 316L E/ER 309LMo E/ER 316L
AISI Type 317 or 317L AISI Type 317L E/ER 309LMo E/ER 317L
AISI Type 321 or 347 AISI Type 347 E/ER 309L E/ER 347
Alloy 400 Alloy 400 E/ERNi-1 E/ERNiCu-7 (3)
Alloy C276 Alloy C276 E/ERNiCrMo-4 E/ERNiCrMo-4
Alloy C22 Alloy C22 E/ERNiCrMo-10 E/ERNiCrMo-10
Alloy 600 Alloy 600 ERNiCr-3/ENiCrFe-3/ ERNiCr-3/ENiCrFe-3/
ENiCrFe-2 ENiCrFe-2
Alloy 625 Alloy 625 E/ERNiCrMo-3 E/ERNiCrMo-3
Notes:
1. For 300 series stainless steel, low carbon or stabilised weld consumables shall be used. Welding consumables
subjected to PWHT shall be selected to minimise the potential for sigma phase formation during the heat
treatment (refer to 11).
2. L grade SMAW consumables can contain up to 0,04% C, and under certain conditions following PWHT,
lower C contents may be specified to prevent sensitisation (refer to 11).
3. Three layers (passes) shall be applied for manual welding processes: one Ni-1 buffer layer followed by two
NiCu-7 for Alloy 400 overlays.

24 May 2016
9.5 Welding gases

a. Gases used for shielding and purging shall conform to AWS A5.32M/A5.32 or
BS-EN ISO 14175.
b. Gas containers shall be labelled clearly with the grade and brand name, as specified in the
WPS.
c. Gases and standard gas mixtures shall normally be premixed and bottled by Supplier.
d. Gases shall have certificates of conformance.
e. Gases shall be held in the containers in which they are supplied and stored, with support
and in a secured area.
f. Standard Ar/CO2 compositions may be mixed at site, subject to approval by Company
responsible engineer and if the mixing is a part of a mechanised process that uses a failsafe
cut off if the proportions fall outside those specified in the approved WPS.
g. Gas mixtures containing hydrogen shall not be used for either shielding or purging.
9.6 Weld overlay requirements

a. Weld deposited overlay or back cladding thickness should be in the range of
3 mm to 5 mm (0,125 in to 0,20 in).
b. Overlay or back cladding thickness for any given component shall be as specified in the
data sheets or drawings.
c. Weld overlay shall be at least two layers unless otherwise approved by Company
d. Weld beads shall run circumferentially around the inside of large tubular components.
e. If it is required to use manual welding techniques inside nozzles with an inside diameter of
less than or equal to 300 mm (12 in) or for pipe elbows, weld beads may run longitudinally
provided that it is followed by blend grinding.
f. Final surface of overlay may be blended smooth to facilitate connection to other
components or piping etc. by grinding or by applying a “wash pass” using GTAW without
filler. GTAW wash pass technique shall be qualified on the relevant PQR prior to
commencement of any work.
g. Overlay surface contour shall be smooth. Waviness may be present provided surface is
without notches and undercuts that might act as stress raisers.
h. Adjacent weld beads shall fuse and blend to create a flat surface without any interbead
anomalies, such as grooving, porosity, or slag retention.
9.7 Welding procedures

WPS for weld deposited overlay, including WPS for back cladding and cladding repair,
requirements:
a. WPS shall be qualified in conformance to ASME IX or BS-EN ISO 15614-7.
b. WPS shall be submitted to Company and shall be subject to agreement by Company
c. PQR shall use the same alloy and grade base material as that used in production welding.
d. For SMAW and FCAW processes, PQR shall use the same brand of consumable as that
used in production welding.
e. For SAW or ESW processes, PQR shall use the same brand of wire or strip and brand of
flux as that used in production welding.

24 May 2016
f. WPS and PQR shall state:

1. Weld bead overlap and tolerances.
2. Electrode or torch angle relative to welding position.
g. For pulsed current welding, WPS and PQR shall state:
1. Peak and background current.
2. Peak and background current times.
3. Other parameters required to define the pulse shape.
h. For hot wire processes, WPS and PQR shall state wire current and voltage.
i. For mechanised or automated welding processes in which the welding parameters (e.g.
those specified in 9.7f and 9.7g) translate to machine settings, the machine settings and
actual parameter values shall be detailed in the WPS and PQR.
j. Thermal cycle applied to the PQR plates shall be the same as that used in production
welding in terms of:
1. Pre-heat and interpass temperatures.
2. Application of any hydrogen release (bake out) heat treatment.
3. Application of any intermediate stress relief heat treatment.
4. PWHT (see 9.7k and 9.7l).
5. Method of applying heat treatment.
k. PWHT temperature for the PQR plate shall be the same as that used in production welding.
l. PWHT soaking time for the PQR plate shall be twice the time required in production
welding to allow for a possible repair in service.
m. Once approved, changes to the WPS and PQR shall be subject to prior approval by
Company responsible engineer.
n. PQR plates shall be subjected to 100% PT and 100% UT in conformance to 12, in addition
to the mechanical tests required by ASME IX.
o. Overlay chemistry:
1. Overlay chemistry shall be verified at a location 3 mm (0,12 in) from the fusion line.
2. For stainless steel overlay, this analysis shall be used to calculate the ferrite content in
conformance to the Schaeffler-DeLong diagram.
3. For stainless steel overlay, the calculated ferrite level shall lie in the range of 3% to
8% (3 FN to 10 FN), unless otherwise specified.
4. Additional chemical analyses may be specified by Company responsible engineer.
5. The chemical analysis of the elements specified in UNS N06625 weld overlay shall
be recorded and the Fe content shall not exceed 10%. This shall be measured at the
minimum machined thickness of 3 mm (0,125 in) from the fusion line unless
specified otherwise on the Purchase Order and shall be demonstrated on the weld
procedure qualification.
p. Metallographic sample:
1. A metallographic sample that includes the base material, the full depth of the overlay,
and the associated HAZ shall be taken from the test plate.
2. Sample shall be:
a) Prepared to a 1 µm (0,4 mil) diamond paste finish.

24 May 2016
b) Etched to reveal the base material and HAZ.

3. Sample shall show no welding defects.
4. Hardness traverses:
a) Three vertical hardness traverses shall be made across the cladding interface to
include the base material, the HAZ, and the clad layer(s) as follows and as
indicated in Figure 2:
1) Two traverses shall be performed at weld bead overlap positions in the first
clad layer.
2) Remaining traverse shall be located at mid width of an overlay weld bead.
Figure 2 - Clad hardness traverses
5. Hardness measurements:
a) Hardness measurements in weld metals and HAZs shall be performed using the
Vickers pyramid method (Hv 5 kg or 10 kg) and shall not be converted from
other scales.
b) For each traverse, the initial hardness measurement shall be located in the base
material HAZ within 0,5 mm (0,02 in) of the fusion boundary.
c) Subsequent hardness impressions shall be made on a vertical path at 1 mm
(0,04 in) intervals into the base material and the overlay deposit.
d) Measurements shall be numbered and reported in tabular or diagrammatic form.
6. Company responsible engineer will specify any hardness limitations associated with
the overlay process. If no hardness limits are specified, the measurement requirements
in 9.7p.5 shall not apply.
7. An original digital photograph of the metallographic specimen, showing the location
of each hardness impression, shall be presented in the PQR.
8. This metallographic specimen may be used for the ferrite point counting required by
9.7q.
q. Microstructural assessment and ferrite content measurement:
1. Microstructural assessment and ferrite content measurement shall be performed on
austenitic SS overlays.
2. On the metallographic sample in 9.7p, ferrite content shall be determined by point
counting in conformance to ASTM E562.
3. Point counting shall be performed within the top 2 mm to 3 mm (0,08 in to 0,125 in)
of the overlay. Results shall be tabulated and supported by original digital
photographs of the microstructures.

24 May 2016
4. Ferrite measurements:
a) Ferrite content for austenitic SS shall lie in the range specified in 9.7o.3.
b) An instrumental technique, such as a Feritscope, shall be used to make a series
of 10 measurements on the as welded surface of the PQR plate.
c) Instrument shall be calibrated in conformance to AWS A4.2M.
d) Average figure shall be calculated.
e) Average value shall lie in the range specified in 9.7o.3.
r. If autogenous welding will be used to blend the weld overlay, technique shall be qualified
to include weld deposit chemical analysis and ferrite determinations, as required in 9.7o
and 9.7q.
s. Company responsible engineer will specify if corrosion testing of PQR overlay and
production overlay is required.
9.8 Weld overlay with Alloy 400 UNS N04400 (such as MONEL™) for hydrofluoric
acid service
a. Overlay chemistry shall not exceed a maximum of 5% iron content in the top 1,5 mm
(1/16 in) of the final deposit.
b. Overlays deposited with a manual process shall have at least three layers as follows:
1. First layer of buffer pure nickel (E/ERNi-1).
2. Followed by two layers of E/ERNiCu-7.
9.9 Weld overlay for valves

a. If specified or required by the valve data sheets, weld overlays for valves shall:
1. Conform to 9 of this Specification.
2. Consist of a minimum of two layers.
3. Have a minimum thickness of 3 mm (0,118 in) thick after machining.
b. Grades of Stellite or other fusion-bonded overlays, which may be proposed by Supplier
including methods of application, shall be subject to Company agreement at the proposal
stage.
c. All fusion-bonded overlays shall be machined or ground to a smooth finish prior to testing.
d. If during application of overlay the base metal critical temp is exceeded, then the
component should be heat-treated such that the base metal is returned to its original
metallurgical state and properties.
e. The weld procedure qualification report for alloy 625 shall demonstrate not more than 10%
of iron content at this thickness. Alternatives shall be subject to agreement by Company
f. A chemical analysis shall be made on the PQR plate at a distance of 3 mm (0,118 in) from
the fusion line in conformance to Section 9.7o.
g. The following tests shall be made on the completed component:
1. 100% VT in conformance to 12.3.
2. 100% PT in conformance to 12.4.
3. Ultrasonic thickness tests at 180 degrees apart and at extreme ends of the component
in conformance to 12.5a.

24 May 2016
4. 100% UT in conformance to 12.5b.

a) The acceptance criteria for ring grooves and sealing surfaces shall be no defects.
b) Acceptance criteria for clad bodies or other nonload bearing surfaces shall be no
lack of fusion defect greater than 12 mm (0,5 in) in any direction, i.e.
ASTM A578/A578M standard level C, and no lack of fusion or other defect
which extends to a free edge.
5. PMI tests at 180 degrees apart and at extreme ends of the component in conformance
to Section 13, if required by the Purchase Order.
10 Production welding
a. Surfaces shall be prepared for welding deposition by machining or blast cleaning to

remove any residual mill scale and surface rusting.
b. Surfaces for welding deposition shall be free from dirt, grease, or other contaminants that
can affect the welding process.
c. If integral cladding is removed to facilitate the fabrication of main weld seams in the base
material or the attachment of internals directly to the base material, complete removal of
cladding shall be verified.
11 Post weld heat treatment (PWHT)
a. Welding consumables for weld overlay, back cladding, or the repair of integral clad plates
shall be selected to minimise the effects of thermal degradation during PWHT.
b. In multilayer weld overlays, application of PWHT following deposition of the first layer
should be considered. Second layer of overlay may then be deposited without the need for
further heat treatment.
c. 300 series austenitic SS consumables shall be either “L” grade or stabilised grade.
d. Titanium clad equipment:
1. A heat treatment holding temperature at the lower end of the allowable heat treatment
range should be selected.
2. Between 200°C (390°F) and the hold temperature, heating and cooling rates shall not
exceed 55°C (100°F) per hour.
3. Below 200°C (390°F), equipment may be air cooled.
e. Where austenitic stainless steels form part of a vessel of which the ferritic base material
thickness is greater than or equal to 100 mm (4 in) and PWHT is required, a corrosion test
shall be carried out for evidence of sensitisation unless agreed otherwise by Company
responsible engineer. Refer to 8.1.
12 Nondestructive testing (NDT) of weld deposited overlay
12.1 Nondestructive testing (NDT) procedures

a. NDT shall be performed in conformance to ASME V or equivalent standard subject to
b. NDT procedures shall be written and subject to approval by Company responsible engineer
prior to start of any fabrication.
c. NDT procedures shall be qualified during the PQR. Alternative qualification methods shall
be subject to approval by Company responsible engineer prior to the start of fabrication.

24 May 2016
12.2 Extent of nondestructive testing (NDT)

a. Following forming and any associated heat treatment, knuckle region and full length of
weld seam back cladding in pressed or spun heads manufactured from integral clad plate
shall be examined as follows:
1. 100% VT.
2. 100% PT.
3. 100% UT.
b. Weld deposited overlay and back cladding shall be subjected to in process VT between
each layer. Any visible defects shall be rectified prior to the deposition of the subsequent
layer of cladding.
c. Final surface of weld overlay and back cladding shall be subjected to 100% VT.
d. At least 10% of the surface area of each layer of weld overlay deposit and each back clad
weld seam shall be subjected to PT.
e. All “T” joints shall be PT examined.
f. Final weld overlay surface and back cladding shall be subjected to 100% PT following
completion of any PWHT but prior to hydraulic testing.
g. Weld deposited overlay and back cladding shall be subjected to UT for thickness
measurement and the detection of lack of fusion at the base material or overlay interface
(refer to 12.5).
12.3 Visual testing (VT)

a. Visual acceptance criteria shall be as follows:
1. Each weld bead blends smoothly with the adjacent weld beads.
2. No surface breaking inclusions.
3. No surface breaking porosity.
4. No linear indications or cracks.
5. No unfused wire or electrode stubs.
6. No areas of missing weld runs.
7. No regions of exposed substrate material.
b. Personnel performing VT shall have “good” vision in conformance to BS-EN-ISO 9712 or
ASNT-TC-1A.
12.4 Liquid dye penetrant testing (PT)

a. PT shall be performed in conformance to ASTM E165/E165M or equivalent standard
subject to approval by Company responsible engineer.
b. Water washable penetrants may be used on clad surfaces provided the procedure is
qualified and subject to approval by Company responsible engineer.
c. Penetrant technique used in the procedure shall be demonstrated to detect surface defects
in 12.3a.
d. During testing, surface temperature shall be in the range recommended by the PT
consumable supplier.

24 May 2016
e. Acceptance criteria for PT shall be as detailed in Table 2 and the following apply:
1. Rounded indications: indications of circular or elliptical shape with the length less
than or equal to three times the width.
2. Linear indications: indications with a length greater than three times the width.
f. Presence of relevant linear indications shall be reported to Company for review and repair
options shall be subject to agreement by Company responsible engineer.
Table 2 - PT inspection acceptance criteria
Cladding type Linear indications Rounded indications

Indications ≤ 1,5 mm (0,06 in) shall Indications ≤ 1,5 mm (0,06 in) shall
Cladding deposited using ESW be accepted. be accepted.
process in a single layer. (3) Indications > 1,5 mm (0,06 in) shall Indications > 1,5 mm (0,06 in) may
not be accepted. be accepted subject to (1).
be accepted. be accepted.
Cladding deposited using any
welding processes in Indications > 1,5 mm (0,06 in) shall Indications ≥ 1,5 mm (0,06 in) and
≥ 2 layers. not be accepted. ≤ 3,0 mm (0,12 in) may be accepted
subject to (2).
Cladding deposited using any be accepted. be accepted.
welding processes in
≥ 3 layers. Indications > 1,5 mm (0,06 in) shall Indications > 3,0 mm (0,12 in) shall
not be accepted. not be accepted.
Notes:
1. Grinding of clad layer may be performed to remove rounded indications, provided that the grinding does not reduce
the thickness of the cladding to less than the minimum specified. Cladding thickness remaining on completion of
grinding shall be confirmed by UT. Following completion of grinding, PT shall be performed to confirm that the
indication has been completely removed.
2. Supplier shall demonstrate by examination of at least five representative indications that depth of defect associated
with the indication is such that it does not penetrate into the first layer of cladding. Depth of these indications may
be determined by layer grinding combined with intermediate depth measurement following PT to confirm the
presence or, otherwise, of the indication, subject to approval by Company responsible engineer.
3. Single layer welding processes shall be subject to approval by Company responsible engineer after relevant review
of supporting data to establish corrosion protection equivalent to two layer systems or as required by application.
12.5 Ultrasonic testing (UT)

a. Weld overlay deposit thickness measurement:
1. Four measurements, spaced at 90 degrees around the circumference of the vessel
shell, or component body, shall be tested for every 1 m (3,3 ft) length of the vessel, or
component.
2. Four equally spaced locations shall be tested in the knuckle region and crown of each
formed end.
3. Ends formed from petal plate shall be tested in at least two locations in each petal.
4. Nozzles shall be tested in at least four equally spaced locations at each end of the
nozzle.
5. Back cladding shall be tested once every 300 mm (12 in) of weld seam, with at least
two locations tested for each weld seam.
6. Regions of overlay that have been ground or machined shall be tested to confirm
thickness is in conformance to this Specification.

24 May 2016
b. Lack of fusion in weld deposited overlay and back cladding:

1. Weld deposited overlay and back cladding shall be examined to identify the presence
of any lack of fusion at the base metal overlay interface, or between individual layers
of overlay.
2. UT shall be in conformance to ASTM A578/A578M.
3. A 25 mm (1 in) transducer shall be used, except for nozzles, which may use a smaller
transducer.
4. 10% of the overlay or back cladding deposited during each working shift shall be
examined. This examination shall keep pace with the overlay operation but may take
place following any dehydrogenation heat treatment.
5. Inspection of back cladding:
a) Back cladding inspection shall be 10% of each back clad seam.
b) All intersecting regions of weld seams shall be inspected.
c) Specific inspection locations may be designated by Company.
6. Lack of fusion repair:
a) For cladding deposited using a strip cladding technique, any area of lack of
fusion that cannot be contained within the smaller of the following shall be
repaired:
1) A 25 mm (1 in) diameter circle.
2) A circle of diameter equal to half the width of the strip.
b) For cladding deposited using welding processes other than strip cladding, any
area of lack of fusion that is not contained within the following shall be repaired:
1) A single weld bead and of maximum length of three times the bead width.
2) An area greater than a 25 mm (1 in) diameter circle.
c) If lack of fusion repair is required in conformance to 12.5b.6.a) and 12.5b.6.b),
the work performed by the operator who produced the defects during the same
shift shall be 100% examined.
7. Following PWHT:
a) Weld overlays shall be checked for disbondment.
b) Spot checks shall be made on longitudinal strips that are 75 mm (3 in) wide and
spaced at 90 degrees around the periphery of tubular components.
c) The acceptance criteria defined in 12.5b.5 and 12.5b.6 shall apply.
d) Any indication of disbondment shall be 100% examined and subsequently, if
required, shall be repaired.
8. Inspection of areas with structural attachments (e.g., distributor supports, catalyst
support rings, beams, tray supports) are to be welded:
a) Such areas shall be inspected for lack of fusion before welding the attachment.
b) Extent of inspection shall include the whole area where the attachment weld will
be made plus an additional band of 25 mm (1 in) around the footprint of the
weld.

24 May 2016
c) Any area of lack of fusion that cannot be contained within the

following shall be rejected and repaired:
1) An area greater than 3 mm (0,125 in) in any direction, for areas of cladding
where direct welding of major attachments will take place.
2) An area greater than 6 mm (0,25 in) in any direction, for areas where
welding of lightly loaded attachments will take place.
c. All repaired areas shall be 100% examined on completion.
13 Positive materials identification (PMI) - chemical analysis
a. PMI, if specified in the ITP, shall be performed in conformance to the applicable

requirements in EP-GIS 36-103.
b. Chemical analysis of the final surface of weld overlay deposits shall:
1. Be performed following completion of any machining operations.
2. Conform to the requirements of the specified weld metal composition.
c. If specified by Company responsible engineer, a “boat” sample may be required for wet
chemical analysis. Sampled area shall require re-instatement using a qualified repair
procedure.
d. Analytical technique and equipment shall be subject to approval by Company responsible
engineer.
e. Test locations shall be selected by Company appointed inspection representative.
f. Weld overlay shall be tested as follows:
1. At least two checks shall be made in each of the following:
a) Vessel shell course.
b) Head or end closure.
2. One check shall be made at each nozzle.
g. Reinstated cladding (“back cladding”) testing:
1. One measurement shall be made for every 5 m (16 ft) of longitudinal and
circumferential weld seam, with at least one measurement on each back clad weld
seam.
2. One check shall be made at each nozzle.
14 Ferrite measurements
a. Ferrite content of austenitic SS weld overlay and back cladding shall be checked using an
instrumental technique (e.g., Fischer Feritscope).
b. Instrument shall be calibrated in conformance to AWS A4.2M or BS-EN-ISO 8249.
Secondary standard FN blocks shall be available to confirm calibration of instrument.
c. Testing shall be performed both before and after any PWHT in nominally the same
locations.
d. Ferrite content of 300 series austenitic SS:
1. Ferrite content of 300 series austenitic SS, including 321 and 347, shall be in the
range of 3% to 8% (3 FN to 10 FN).

24 May 2016
2. The Schaeffler-DeLong iron constitution diagram shall be used to predict

the FN based on wet chemical analysis.
e. Ferrite measurements shall be made at locations adjacent to where the analysis samples
were taken. Measurements shall be repeated after any required PWHT.
f. Testing shall be as follows:
1. One measurement shall be made per 1 m2 (10 ft2) on every:
a) Vessel shell course.
b) Head or end closure.
2. At least two measurements shall be made at locations selected by Company on each:
a) Nozzle.
b) Individual component.
3. One measurement shall be made for every 5 m (16 ft) of longitudinal and
circumferential weld seam, with at least one measurement on each back clad weld
seam.
4. Measurements shall be taken for each batch of welding consumables used for
cladding.
15 Quality management
The quality management system shall conform to BS-EN-ISO 9001, API Specification Q1, or other
agreed internationally recognised standard to ensure that the products and services provided conform
to the requirements for supplier quality identified in the Purchase Order.
16 Inspection, test, and certification
16.1 Inspection and test plan

a. Prior to the start of manufacture, an ITP shall be submitted for approval by Company
b. The ITP shall include inspection and testing activities to be performed, including those at
sub-suppliers’ works and shall make reference to all testing procedures, control documents,
and resulting records and reports.
16.2 Inspection access

a. Company and the Company appointed representative shall at all times have access to the
workshops and testing facilities, including workshops of sub-suppliers engaged in
supplying material or in fabricating the equipment for the purpose of inspecting the
purchased equipment.
b. Company and the Company appointed representative shall be granted permission to
photograph the equipment in the scope of the Purchase Order during manufacturing,
assembly and test.

24 May 2016
Bibliography
Company documents
[3] GIS 18-014, Specification for Heat Exchanger Tube-to-Tubesheet Joints.
[4] GIS 18-015, Specification for Weld Deposited Overlay of Subsea Production (API 17D, API 6A)
Equipment, Linepipe, Fittings, and Valve Bodies.
American Petroleum Institute (API)

[14] API Spec 6A, Specification for Wellhead and Christmas Tree Equipment.
[15] API Spec 17D, Design and Operation of Subsea Production Systems - Subsea Wellhead and
Christmas Tree Equipment.
American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)

[16] ASME IIC, Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Section II - Materials - Part C: Specifications for
Welding Rods, Electrodes and Filler Metals.

24 May 2016

Ep-Gis 18-013

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EP-GIS 18-013

Specification for Weld Overlay, Integral

Copyright © 2016 BP International Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 2 of 27 EP-GIS 18-013

12.3 Visual testing (VT)..................................................................................................... 22

Figure 1 - Cladding re-instatement at a vessel seam .................................................................... 15

Page 3 of 27 EP-GIS 18-013

Page 4 of 27 EP-GIS 18-013

a. This Specification provides requirements, recommendations, and possibilities for weld

American Petroleum Institute (API)

American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)

American Society of Nondestructive Testing (ASNT)

American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)

Page 5 of 27 EP-GIS 18-013

ASTM A265 Standard Specification for Nickel and Nickel-Base Alloy-Clad

American Welding Society (AWS)

British Standards Institution (BSI)

3 Terms and definitions

Company responsible engineer

Page 6 of 27 EP-GIS 18-013

4 Symbols and abbreviations

CRA Corrosion resistant alloy.

ESW Electro slag welding.

FCAW Flux cored arc welding.

GMAW Gas metal arc welding.

GTAW Gas tungsten arc welding.

HAZ Heat affected zone.

HSE Health, safety, and environmental.

ITP Inspection and test plan.

NDT Nondestructive testing.

PMI Positive materials identification.

PQR Procedure qualification record.

PT Liquid dye penetrant testing.

PWHT Post weld heat treatment.

SAW Submerged arc welding.

SMAW Shielded metal arc welding.

Page 7 of 27 EP-GIS 18-013

WPS Welding procedure specification.

6.1 Materials selection

6.2 Corrosion resistant alloy (CRA) barrier application

Page 8 of 27 EP-GIS 18-013

6.3 Internal attachments

6.4 Clad tubesheets, tube to tubesheet joints.

6.6 Storage and fabrication

Page 9 of 27 EP-GIS 18-013

7 Loose or strip linings

Page 10 of 27 EP-GIS 18-013

7.2 Loose lining of nozzles

8 Integral clad linings

8.1 Stainless steels and nickel alloys

Page 11 of 27 EP-GIS 18-013

e. Integral clad plate examination shall be in conformance to

8.2 Integral cladding with titanium

Page 12 of 27 EP-GIS 18-013

i. Modification and additions to ASTM B898:

8.3 Integral cladding with zirconium

Page 13 of 27 EP-GIS 18-013

9 Weld deposited overlay

9.1 Welding processes

9.2 Cladding re-instatement

Page 14 of 27 EP-GIS 18-013

Figure 1 - Cladding re-instatement at a vessel seam

9.3 Welding equipment