Breathing and exchange of gases

Respiration

Humans take o2 and utilise it in breakdown of C6H12O2 which further produces

CO2 + H20 + ATP.

Plant by the process of photosynthesis takes in CO2 & light energy and convert
into glucose and O2 as byproduct. Then plant takes in O2 and uses it in breakdown
of glucose and produce ATP & CO2.

Physico-chemical process

1. BREATHING & VENTILATION: Process of taking air in from atmosphere to lungs

(inhalation)

&
Process of taking air out
from lungs to atmosphere.
(exhalation)

2. EXTERNAL RESPIRATION: Process of exchange of gases between lungs and

blood.

3. TRANSPORT OF GASES: Process of transport of gases from lungs to tissue.

4. INTERNAL RESPIRATION: Exchange of gases between blood and tissue.

💡 All these 4 steps are physical processes.

5. CELLULAR RESPIRATION: Process taking place inside tissue, breakdown 💔of

C6H12O6 (glucose) using O2 producing CO2+H2O+ATP.

💡 The last process is chemical process.And all these 5 process together is

known as PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROCESS .

Breathing and exchange of gases 1

 Chemical process

Cellular respiration. Internal breakdown 💔of glucose in presence of O2 or

absence of O2.

AEROBIC RESPIRATION :- breakdown of glucose in presence of O2 is known as

aerobic respiration.

ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION :- Breakdown of glucose in absence of O2 is known

as anaerobic respiration.

C6H12O6——— > lacticacid + 2ATP

C6H12O6——— > alcohol + 2ATP + CO2

C6H12O6 + 6O2——— > 38ATP + 6CO2 + 6H20

Respiratiory organs

1. GENERAL BODY SURFACE:- eg- porifera & Aschelminthis

2. MOIST SKIN:- (cuticle)

eg:- Earthworm & Frog 🐸
3. GILLS:-
eg:- Fish , Aquatic arthropods , tadpole of frogs

4. BOOK GILLS :-
eg:- Limulus (king crab) 🦀
5. BOOK LUNGS :- eg - Scorpian & spider

6. TRACHEAL TUBES :-
eg- Insects

7. CTENIDIA PULMONARY SAC LIKE STRUCTURE (GILLS):- eg- mollusa

8. TUBE FEET / DERMAL BRANCHIAE:- eg- echinodermata

9. LUNGS:- eg- Mammalia & Amphibia

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