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%

•A B

> p f.
s.fr
.

⑨ a

P, = IP2 W ,
f- W2

1VI =
EV2 91 =/ 92

IT
,
=
IT2 dssusr, =/ dSsuI
:
PA
-£B→¥
= 0
WA→,Bg→A =/ 0

WA7B-1SA
0

PA5B ,→A=0
=
"

IT AH not state
Pay U a
AV - - -

, , ,
fh
P V
,
T U
,
H state fh
, ,
. . -
State th
2 =
f In y )
,

U =
f- ( T if
,

y
a

21
°
H =
f- LT P)
,

dz , ,
dz
22
422

ok =

C jdy (F) + an

y
* ÷
Energy Exchanges

Heat work
Tr
Tr
.

Exchange Rest all


Energy
bet" & sum Other forms
says
.

due to diff .
in often . Each .

Temp is called as is called


heat Tr , as WORK

51cal . . .
→ ✓

Bound .
Ph .

→ ✓

Path fn →

IF WE .
work Tr .

495.99
Thigh
9=0
P High
% T = T

d§;
-
I dssuw -_
0

+ Tsurr

low grade high grade


Pa
1- heat ' work

"I
; '
3 ✓ ( mis)

( %)
Con
gu
.

L1C

or >0

* heat given to the Sys = + we

* work done
+ ve
on the
Sys =

( compression ,
dv
)
< 0

w > 0
Elect .

+
W =
Wpv Man PV
£0

By default

Wpv =
fpext.CN Erp/ camp.

Rev / IN .

+ + -
compression

-
+ + Expansion
② 1dm
,
273K

Fees ) +21111191 → Feel


>
(9)
-
)
+11218

mI
- -
-
'
'

w
be -

④ +

① -

① 0

⑤ can't
say
¥
* Tnaµ
Am
=

B
T

W = -

fpextdv
+ +
& '

1dm
273K : fix

11206) → H20 (e)

④ q > 0
,
W > 0

① or > 0
,
w< 0

Ay
② 9=0 ,
w=o

① 9<0 ,
who

f. H20 IS) + heat → 112014


less q=mL > 0 more
dense dense
qr-mc.AT/-(dVL0 )
Thermodynamic Equilibrium
1 Thermal (dT=o)

2 s Mechanical (dP=o)

Physical
3
Material {
off :o) Chemical

Thd

Igm Non Fgm


1

Reversible Process

¢?
: F
-

A4B (dF→o)
OF : F- dF

40°C 39.9999999°C
That

(
-

: Rev .

(dT →o
)

1. ooooooi taken
>
am work REV

-
um
.
(dP→o)
piston

MY dissipative loss
of Energy
friction Absent )
Rev
V. Slow


stage / a Time

Always Egm

Plot

Eqw
Best wrt work

Ideal

Hypothetical
HE
Radio S - 2

the Ex 2 sheet
Motown
- in

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