分享知识是一种美德，只为帮助更多学生

Task 1 写作真题（剑 4-剑 13）

l 13-1-1

题目：
The two maps below show road access to a city hospital in 2007 and in 2001.

l 13-2-1

题目：
The chart below shows the percentage of households in owned and rented
accommodation in England and Wales between 1918 and 2011.
 分享知识是一种美德，只为帮助更多学生

l 13-3-1

题目：
The bar chart below shows the top ten countries for the production and
consumption of electricity in 2014.
 分享知识是一种美德，只为帮助更多学生

l 13-4-1

题目：
The plans below show the layout of a university’s sports centre now, and how
it will look after redevelopment.
 分享知识是一种美德，只为帮助更多学生

l 12-1-1

题目：
The bar chart below shows the percentage of Australian men and women in
different age groups who did regular physical activity in 2010.
 分享知识是一种美德，只为帮助更多学生

l 12-2-1

题目：
The maps below show the centre of a small town called Islip as it is now, and
plans for its development.
 分享知识是一种美德，只为帮助更多学生

l 12-3-1

题目：
The chart below shows how frequently people in the USA ate in fast food
restaurants between 2003 and 2013.
 分享知识是一种美德，只为帮助更多学生

l 12-4-1

题目：
The diagram below shows how geothermal energy is used to produce
electricity.
 分享知识是一种美德，只为帮助更多学生

l 11-1-1

题目：
The charts below show the percentage of water used for different purposes in
six areas of the world.
 分享知识是一种美德，只为帮助更多学生

范文：
The given six pie charts totally illustrate the using proportion of water for
three different aspect in six regions worldwide.

Generally, in the relatively developed continents including North America and

the Europe, the pattern of water usage distribution shares great similarity,
whereas other four underdeveloped regions indicate another type of smaller
gaps.

To be more specific, the water utilization of industry is both dominant in the t

wo flourishing territory，approximately half of the whole (48% in North
America versus 53% in Europe), followed by that of agriculture, which take
up marginally more than one-third of the total (39% and 33%
each). In correspondence, the using percentage of water resource for
residents is the least, with only 13% and 15% respectively, which still largely
exceed the figures for the other four regions.
 分享知识是一种美德，只为帮助更多学生

Apparently, the developing areas invest far more water in agriculture, each
having around 80%, and even the least, the figure for South America still
constitute 71% while the largest number even reach nearly 90%. Thereby, it
is obvious that the use of other two respects is bound to be less: no more
than 10% domestic use in Central Asia and Southeast Asia. These areas even
use less water in industry (merely 5%-7%, with the highest percentage 12%).
By contrast, people in South America utilize a higher proportion of water in
domestic aspect, almost 20%, half of which is used in industrial part of the
region.

Overall, the water resource of developed areas is distributed more in economic

products involving industry and agriculture, while developing ones only
consume a considerable number of water in agriculture.

l -1

题目：
The charts below show the proportions of British students at one university in
England who were able to speak other languages in addition to English, in
2000 and 2010.
 分享知识是一种美德，只为帮助更多学生

范文：
The pie charts show the language proficiency for foreign languages of British
students at a particular university in 2000 and 2010. There was a separate
category representing all other languages.

In 2000, Spanish was the most popular, with almost one third (30%) of all
students speaking Spanish as their only foreign language. The second
significant group among students was people who master only one language
other than English, accounting for 20% in total. Nearly one fifth students
acquired French only, German only, or another one certain language (with
 分享知识是一种美德，只为帮助更多学生

10%, 10%, and 15% respectively). Noticeably, there were 10% students who
mastered two other languages.

In 2010, during the decade, the language skills among British students had
improved. Students who could speak Spanish were still the dominant (35%),
increasing by 5% further. Similarly, both the students mastering another
language and multilingual with two other languages experienced an upward
trend with an increase of 5% each. On the contrary, the prevalence of French
and the number of students speaking English solely declined gradually,
constituting only 10% respectively in 2010, while the figure for German
remained unchanged.

In sum, a larger number of British students in this university were capable of

using foreign languages in 2010, compared to 2000.

l 11-3-1

题目：
The graph below shows average carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions per person
in the United Kingdom, Sweden, Italy and Portugal between 1967 and 2007.

范文：
The line graph describes the changes in average emissions of CO2 per person
in four different countries from 1967 to 2007.

In 1967, the largest emission was in the UK, with 11 metric tons per person.
It was followed by Sweden and Italy (around 9 metric tons and 4.5 metric
tons respectively). Portugal emitted the smallest amount of CO2 - lower than
2 metric tons.
 分享知识是一种美德，只为帮助更多学生

Clearly, the UK remained the country with the largest amount of CO2
emission over this period, although there was a decline to 9 metric tons in
2007. Sweden CO2 emission peaked at just above 10 metric tons in 1977
before decreasing swiftly to 5.5 metric tons in 2007.

Italy and Sweden showed an opposite trend during the following years. The
emission in Italy overtook that in Sweden in 1988. After that, it rose to just
below 8 metric tons in 2007, while Portugal saw the most drastic rise, with its
emission increasing to the same level of Sweden eventually.

Overall, the graph clearly shows how the emission level in the UK and Sweden
decreased and the CO2 emissions in the remaining two countries increased
over the four decades.

l 11-4-1

题目：
The table below shows the numbers of visitors to Ashdown museum during
the year before and the year after it was refurbished. The charts show the
result of surveys asking visitors how satisfied they were with their visit, during
the same two period.

范文：
The table shows how many visitors visited Ashdown Museum before and after
it was modernized. After the table there are two pie charts that show the
result of surveys regarding how satisfied they were with their visit during the
same two periods.
 分享知识是一种美德，只为帮助更多学生

It is obvious that the number of visitors significantly increased after the

refurbishment from 74,000 before the reconstruction to 92,000 after it had
been done.

As for the pie charts, the year before refurbishment shows a negative pattern:
the results of survey illustrate that only 15% of visitors were very satisfied
and the number of dissatisfied people was 40%. The year after refurbishment
illustrates that the number of dissatisfied visitors declined to 15%, while
people who were very satisfied increased to 35%. Comparing the proportion
of satisfied visitors we can also see an upward trend, rising from 30% to 40%
after the refurbishment.

To sum up, we can say that all work that has been done to attract new
visitors to Ashdown Museum has reached its aim.

l 10-1-1

题目：
The first chart below shows how energy is used in an average Australian
household. The second chart shows the greenhouse gas emissions which
result from this energy use.
 分享知识是一种美德，只为帮助更多学生

The two charts summarise the amount of energy used through various means
in the average Australian household versus the amount of greenhouse gas
emissions resulting from the same sources.

In the first chart, we see that the overwhelming percentage of energy is

devoted to household heating, with 42% of total energy usage. The second
biggest is water heating with 30%, but then the amounts drop precipitously,
with other appliances, refrigeration, lighting and cooling all using 28%.

From the second chart, we learn that heating, despite being the greatest
drain on energy, actually contributes relatively little to greenhouse gas
emissions with 15% of the total. The greatest emitter is water heating with
32% and the smallest being cooling at 3%. The largest disparity belongs to
both refrigeration and lighting, both generating twice the amount of gases
from the energy they consume (7% of energy use to 14% of emissions and 4%
energy use to 8% of emissions respectively).

l 10-2-1

题目：
 分享知识是一种美德，只为帮助更多学生

The tables below give information about sales of Fairtrade*-labelled coffee

and bananas in 1999 and 2004 in five European countries.

The tables show the amount of money spent on Fairtrade coffee and bananas
in two separate years in the UK, Switzerland, Denmark, Belgium and Sweden.

It is clear that sales of Fairtrade coffee rose in all five European countries
from 1999 to 2004, but sales of Fairtrade bananas only went up in three out
of the five countries. Overall, the UK saw by far the highest levels of spending
on the two products.

In 1999, Switzerland had the highest sales of Fairtrade coffee, at €3 million,

while revenue from Fairtrade bananas was highest in the UK, at €15 million.
By 2004, however, sales of Fairtrade coffee in the UK had risen to €20 million,
and this was over three times higher than Switzerland’s sales figure for
Fairtrade coffee in that year. The year 2004 also saw dramatic increases in
the money spent on Fairtrade bananas in the UK and Switzerland, with
revenues rising by €32 million and €4.5 million respectively.

Sales of the two Fairtrade products were far lower in Denmark, Belgium and
Sweden. Small increases in sales of Fairtrade coffee can be seen, but revenue
remained at €2 million or below in all three countries in both years. Finally, it
 分享知识是一种美德，只为帮助更多学生

is noticeable that the money spent on Fairtrade bananas actually fell in

Belgium and Sweden.

l 10-3-1

题目：
The chart below show what UK graduate and postgraduate students who did
not go into full-time work did after leaving college in 2008.

The two charts show where students went after completing undergraduate
and postgraduate degrees respectively.

From the first chart, we see that the number of graduate students who chose
not to enter full- time work in 2008 was, in total, around 67, 000. Of those,
the highest proportion chose to further their studies with a postgraduate
program at 29, 665 students. Secondly, the number of students who went
into a part- time job is close to the number of students who failed entirely to
find one, at 17, 735 and 16, 235 respectively. Finally, 3, 500 students chose
to enter voluntary work.

The second chart shows the destination of postgraduate students. We can

see that while the overall number of students is obviously lower, the
 分享知识是一种美德，只为帮助更多学生

proportion of students life choices is roughly similar. Hence, the majority of

postgraduates went on to study more, with 2, 725 people choosing this option.
There is a slight divergence with part- time work (2, 535) being higher than
unemployment (1, 625) but the general trend remains. Finally, as with
graduates, a small minority (345) chose to pursue voluntary work.

l 10-4-1

题目：
The diagrams below show the life cycle of a species of large fish called
salmon.

The diagrams show the life cycle of the salmon, from birth to mating and all
that lies between.

The salmon begins its life in the slow moving upper reaches of a river, born
from eggs hidden from predators among the reeds. Its gestation period lasts
for approximately 5-6 months, at which point the egg hatches and the baby
 分享知识是一种美德，只为帮助更多学生

salmon, or “fry” begins its journey to the lower river, living in the fast current
for four years until it becomes an adolescent. At this point, the adolescent fish,
known as “smolt” will have grown to a size of around 15cm. Then it migrates
to the open sea and starts its 5-year life there, during which time it finally
develops into adult size (about 75cm). After that it turns around and begins
the arduous process of returning upstream to the head of the river, where it
will mate, lay eggs and thus continue the life cycle anew.

Whether or not the salmon is eaten by a lucky bear or ends up as a piece of

sushi is not shown in this diagram.

l 9-1-1

题目：
The two maps below show and island, before and after the construction of
some tourist facilities.

范文：
The map shows how an island changes after being improved to a tourist
attraction.
 分享知识是一种美德，只为帮助更多学生

The island is surrounded by sea, whose coastline is about 600 metres in

length. While a beach is located on the western end of the island, some trees
are scattered in the western and eastern sides.

Tourism has led to some significant changes. A number of accommodation

units are built surrounding those trees in the western part of the island, which
are connected with the beach, a site now opens to swimmers, by a circular
footpath. Another cluster of accommodation facilities is sited in the middle of
the island next to trees, also linked by a footpath.

Between these two groups of accommodation units is a reception with a

restaurant lying to the north. There is a vehicle track linking the restaurant
and the reception with a T-shaped pier constructed on the southern end of
the island, which is used for yachting.

In summary, the island has changed to cater for the needs of tourists, after
the construction of these facilities, while the trees have been well preserved.

l 9-2-1

题目：
The chart below shows the total number of minutes (in billions) of telephone
calls in the UK, divided into three categories, from 1995-2002.
 分享知识是一种美德，只为帮助更多学生

考官范文：
The chart shows the time spent by UK residents on different types of
telephone calls between 1995 and 2002.

Local fixed line calls were consistently the highest throughout the period,
rising from 72 billion minutes in 1995 to just under 90 billion in 1998. After
peaking at 90 billion the following year, these calls fell back to the 1995 figure
in 2002.

National and international fixed line calls were in the middle position, growing
steadily from 38 billion to 61 billion at the end of the period, though the
growth slowed over the last two years.

However, there was a dramatic increase in mobile calls from 2 billion to 46

billion minutes. This rise was particularly noticeable between 1999 and 2002,
during which time the use of mobile phones tripled.

To sum up, although local fixed line calls were still the most popular in 2002,
the gap between the three categories had narrowed considerably over the
second half of the period.

l 9-3-1
 分享知识是一种美德，只为帮助更多学生

题目：
The charts below give information on the ages of the populations of Yemen
and Italy in 2000 and projections for 2050.
l

范文：
The given pie charts show data on the population ages in Yemen and Italy in
the year 2000 and also projected these portions of population for the year
2050.

According to the given data, more than half of the population of Yemen was
below 14 years old in the year 2000. In this same year their population from
15 to 59 years old was just over 46% and only about 3% of their population
was over 60 years old. In this year there were one-fourth population in Italy
over 60 years old and more than 60% of their population was from 15 to 59
years old. The percentage of aged people in Italy was much higher than
Yemen in 2000. Finally the percentage of population up to 14 years in Italy
was less than 15% in this year was.
 分享知识是一种美德，只为帮助更多学生

The pie charts also gives the projection of the percentage of population based
on age group for the year 2050 and according to this projection the
percentage of younger people in Yemen would decrease while the number of
ag d people over 60 years would increase only by 2%. On the contrary, the
aged people in Italy in 2050 would be more than 40% while they would have
less young people.

l 9-4-1

题目：
The graph below gives information from a 2008 report about consumption of
energy in the USA since 1980 with projections until 2030.

考官范文：
The graph shows energy consumption in the US from 1980 to 2012, and
projected consumption to 2030.

Petrol and oil are the dominant fuel sources throughout this period, with 35
quadrillion (35q) units used in 1980. Despite some initial fluctuation, from
1995 there was a steady increase, and this trend is expected to continue,
reaching 47q in 2030.

Consumption of energy derived from natural gas and coal is similar over the
period. From 20q and 15q respectively in 1980, gas showed an initial fall and
coal a gradual increase, with the two fuels equal between 1985 and 1990.
Consumption has fluctuated since 1990 but both provided 24q in 2015. Coal is
 分享知识是一种美德，只为帮助更多学生

predicted to increase steadily to 31q in 2030, whereas after 2014, gas is likely
to remain stable at 25q.

In 1980, energy from nuclear, hydro- and solar/wind power was equal at only
4q. After steady increases, nuclear and solar/wind is estimated to reach 7q
and 6q each in the year of 2030. During the same period, hydropower fell
back to the 1980 figure in 2010, and is expected to maintain this level until
2030.

Overall, the US will continue to rely on fossil fuels, with sustainable and
nuclear energy sources remaining relatively insignificant.

l 8-1-1

The pie chart below shows the main reasons why agricultural land becomes
less productive. The table shows how these causes affected three regions of
the would during the 1990s. Summarize the information by selecting and
reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
 分享知识是一种美德，只为帮助更多学生

考官范文：
The pie chart shows that there are four main causes of farmland becoming
degraded in the world today. Globally, 65% of degradation is caused by too
much animal grazing and tree clearance, constituting 35% and 30%
respectively. A further 28% of global degradation is due to over cultivation of
crops. Other causes account for only 7% collectively.

These causes affected different regions differently in the 1990s, with Europe
having the highest overall percentage of land degraded (23%). Oceania and
North America had a lower proportion of degraded land, at 13% and 5% each.
The Degradation of land in Europe was mainly due to deforestation,
accounting for 9.8%, while the impact of this on Oceania and North America
was minimal, with only 1.7% and 0.2% of land affected respectively. Europe
also suffered from over-cultivation (7.7) and over-grazing (5.5%). In contrast,
the cause of degraded farmland in Oceania a was mainly due to over-grazing
(11.3%), whereas the main causes of this in North America was over-
cultivation (3.3%) and, to a lesser extent, over-grazing (1.5).
 分享知识是一种美德，只为帮助更多学生

Overall, it is clear that Europe suffered more from farmland degradation than
the other regions, and the main causes there were deforestation and over-
cultivation.

l 8-2-1

题目：
The three pie chars below show the changes in annual spending by a
particular UK school in 1981, 1991 and 2001. Summarize the information by
selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where
relevant.

考官范文：
The charts show how much a UK school spent on different running costs in
three separate years, 1981, 1991 and 2001.

In all three years, the greatest expenditure was on staff salaries. While other
workers’ salaries saw a fail from 28% in 1981 to only 15% of spending in
2001, teachers’ pay remained the biggest cost, increasing from 40% in 1981
to 50% of total spending in 1991, and ending at 45% in 2001.
 分享知识是一种美德，只为帮助更多学生

Other expenditure had a lower proportion throughout the two decades.

Resources such as books increased from 15% in 1981 to 20% in 1991 before
decreasing to only 9% by the end of the period. In contrast, the cost of
furniture and equipment saw an opposite trend. This cost decreased from 15%
in 1981 to only 5% of total expenditure in 1991, but rose dramatically in 2001,
when it represented 23% of the school budget. Similarly, the cost of
insurance saw a rising trend, growing from only 2% to 8% until 2001.

Overall, teachers’ salaries constituted the largest cost to the school, and while
spending increased dramatically for equipment and insurance, there were
corresponding drops in expenditure on things, such as books and on other
workers’ salaries.

l 8-3-1

The diagrams below show the stages and equipment used in the cement-
making process, and how cement is used to produce concrete for building
purposes.

l 8-4-1

题目：
The graph below shows the quantities of goods transported in the UK
between 1974 and 2002 by four different modes of transport.
 分享知识是一种美德，只为帮助更多学生

考生范文 8 分：
The graph illustrated the quantities of goods transported in the United
Kingdom by four different modes of transport between the time period of
1974 and 2002.

Over this span of 28 years, the quantities of goods transported by road, water
and pipeline all experienced upward trends. The large quantity of goods
transported both in 1974 and 2002 was by road (70 million tones and 98
million tones respectively) while the lowest both in 1974 and 2002 was by
pipeline (about 5 million tones and 22 million tons respectively). The amount
of goods transported by water stayed constant from 1974 to 1978, where it
showed an exponential growth, rising to almost 60 million toners after which
it plateaued for about 20 years before starting to rise gradually again, ending
at approximately 65 million tones in 2002.

In contrast, the amount of goods transported by rail was almost constant at

40 million tones in 1974 and 2002, with fluctuations between the years. It is
also interesting to note that almost all showed a decrease in 1994 in amount
of good’s transported except for the pipeline, which actually peaked in that
year.

In conclusion the road remained the most popular method of transporting

goods in the UK, and although other modes of transportation had become
increasingly used, they have not become more popular a method of transport.

l 7-1-1
 分享知识是一种美德，只为帮助更多学生

题目：
The table below gives information on consumer spending on different items in
five different countries in 2002.

范文：
The table shows how consumers in five western countries spent their
money in 2002.

Turkey’s expenditure in food, drink and tobacco was the highest among
the five countries, occupying 32.14% of its national total. It was followed
by Ireland, which stood at 28.91%. With regard to that of Sweden, Italy
and Spain, it was almost half the percentage of Turkey, at 15.77%, 16.36%
and 18.80% respectively.

The second category (clothing and footwear) made up a smaller slice of

the national expenditure. Italians spent 9% of their money on this item,
while Turkey, Spain and Ireland allocated less spending on it, at
approximately 6.5%. Sweden brought up the rear, with an expenditure of
5.40%.

In terms of leisure and education, Turkey again outspent the other

countries. Its expenditure represented 4.35%, which was slightly higher
than that of Sweden and Italy, at 3.22% and 3.20% respectively.
Expenditure in Ireland and Spanish had lower proportion, with 2.21% and
1.98% each.

Overall, food/drinks/tobacco took up the largest proportion of national

consumer expenditure in all five countries, while leisure/education accounted
for the least.

l 7-2-1

题目：
The graph below shows the consumption of fish and some different kinds of
meat in a European country between 1979 and 2004.
 分享知识是一种美德，只为帮助更多学生

考官范文：

范文：
The graph illustrates changes in the amounts of beef, lamb, chicken and fish
consumed in a particular European country between 1979 and 2004.

In 1979 beef was the most popular of these foods, with about 225 grams
consumed per person per week. Lamb and chicken were eaten in similar
quantities (around 150 grams), while much less fish was consumed (just over
50 grams).

However, during this 25-year period the consumption of beef and lamb fell
dramatically to approximately 100 grams and 55 grams respectively. The
consumption of fish also declined, but much less significantly to just below 50
grams, so although it remained the least popular food, consumption levels
were the most stable.

The consumption of chicken, on the other hand, showed an upward trend,

overtaking that of lam in 1980 and that of beef in 1989. By 2004 it had
soared to almost 250 grams per person per week.

Overall, the graph shows how the consumption of chicken increased

dramatically while the popularity of these other foods decreased over the
period.
 分享知识是一种美德，只为帮助更多学生

l 7-3-1

题目：
The chart below shows information about changes in average house prices in
five different cities between 1990 and 2002 compared with the average house
prices in 1989.

范文：
The chart provides a clear picture of how the average house prices in five
different cities had changed between 1990 and 2002 by comparing them
with the figures in 1989.

Housing markets had been gloomy in these cities between 1990 and 1995,
with price reductions in three cities. Tokyo and London experienced the
largest fall in average house prices by 7% compared with those in 1989,
while New York saw a slight decrease by 5%. House prices in Madrid and
Frankfurt showed an opposite trend, but growth was modest, by 2% and 3%
respectively.

Average prices in the next seven years (between 1996-2002) showed a

growing trend in every city except Tokyo which saw a 5% decrease
compared with 1989. The rise in London was, however, the most dramatic
by 12%, followed by New York and Madrid (by 5% and 4% respectively).
 分享知识是一种美德，只为帮助更多学生

House price in Frankfurt also enjoyed a 2% increase, down by 1%

compared with that in 1990-1995.

Overall, apart from Tokyo, all cities had witnessed a rise in average house
prices. In addition, average house price in London and New York had
experienced dramatic changes between 1990-2002.

l 7-4-1

题目：
The pie charts below show units of electricity production by fuel source in
Australia and France in 1980 and 2000.

考官范文：
The charts compare the sources of electricity in Australia and France in the
years 1980 and 2000. Between these years electricity production almost
doubled, rising from 100 units to 170 in Australia, and from 90 to 180 units in
France.

In 1980 Australia used coal as the main electricity source (50 units) and the
remainder was produced from natural gas, hydro power (each producing 20
units) and oil (which produced only 10 units). In 2000, coal increased more
than twice to 75% of electricity produced (130 units) and only hydro
continued to be another significant source supplying approximately 20% (36
units), while the other two fell dramatically to only 2 units.
 分享知识是一种美德，只为帮助更多学生

In contrast, France used coal as a source for only 25 units of electricity in

1980, which was matched by natural gas. The remaining 40 units were
produced largely from oil and nuclear power, with hydro contributing only 5
units. But by 2000 nuclear power, which was not used at all in Australia, had
developed into the main source, producing almost 75% of electricity, at 126
units, while coal and oil decreased, together producing only 50 units. Other
sources were no longer significant.

Overall, it is clear that by 2000 these two countries relied on different

principal fuel sources: Australia relied on coal and France on nuclear power.

l 6-1-1

题目：
The graph and table below give information about water use worldwide and
water consumption in two different countries.

考官范文：
The graph shows how the amount of water used worldwide changed between
1900 and 2000.
 分享知识是一种美德，只为帮助更多学生

Throughout the century, the largest quantity of water was used for
agricultural purposes, and this increased dramatically from about 500 km³ to
around 3000 km³ in the year 2000. Water used in the industrial and domestic
sectors also increased, but consumption was minimal until mid-century. From
1950 onwards, industrial use grew steadily to just over 1000 km³, while
domestic use rose more slowly to only 300 km³, both far below the levels of
consumption by agriculture.

The table illustrates the differences in agricultural consumption in some areas

of the world by contrasting the amount of irrigated land in Brazil (26500 km³)
with that in the D.R.C. (100 km³). This means that a huge amount of water is
used in agriculture in Brazil, and this is reflected in the figures for water
consumption per person: 359 m³ compared with only 8 m³ in the Congo.
With a population of 176 million, the figures for Brazil indicated how high
agricultural water consumption can be in some countries.

l 6-2-1

题目：
The table below gives information about changes in modes of travel in
England between 1985 and 2000.

范文：
The information given by the table is about changes in traveling modes in
England in the year of 1985 and 2000.

In 1985, the average distance travelled by all modes was 4740 miles.
Specifically, car, with 3199 miles, was the most popular kind of transport,
while taxi was the least popular one (only 13 miles). In contrast, the
distances travelled by walking, local bus, train and other ways were between
250 miles and 450 miles. In addition, the data for bicycle was similar to that
for long distance bus, around 52 miles.
 分享知识是一种美德，只为帮助更多学生

15 years later, the average distance travelled by all modes increased to 6475
miles. Obviously, car was still the most important transport, with an increase
of about 1500 miles. Similarly, walking, long distance bus, train, taxi and
others also saw an upward trend. By contrast, the distance travelled by
bicycle dropped to 40 miles, becoming the least one, and there was a similar
change in that by walking and local bus.

All in all, it is clear to see that there was a big difference in the eight travelling
modes over the span of 15 years.

l 6-3-1

题目：
The diagrams below show the life cycle of the silkworm and the stages in the
production of silk cloth.

范文：
 分享知识是一种美德，只为帮助更多学生

The process diagrams describe how a silkworm reproduces itself and how to
produce silk cloth.

As can be seen from the first diagram, the life cycle of the silkworm can be
divided into five stages. Initially, a moth lays some eggs on a mulberry leaf.
Then, it takes ten days for the egg to become silkworm larva which feeds on
mulberry leaves. After four to six weeks, the larva spins silk threads to form a
cocoon around themselves. Over the following three to eight days, the cocoon
is completed. Eventually, sixteen days later a moth break the cocoon and a
new life cycle starts again.

According to the second chart, the process of silk cloth production includes
the following stages. In the first step, the cocoons are selected and then they
are boiled in water. Next, the cocoons are unwound into threads with 300-
900 meter length. After that, the threads are twisted together and dyed. At
the final stage, we can weave them and dye the cloth once again.

All in all, the process diagrams clearly indicate the life cycle of the silkworm
and the stages in the production of cloth.

l 6-4-1

题目：
The charts below give information about USA marriage and divorce rates
between 1970 and 2000, and the marital status of adult Americans in two of
the years.
 分享知识是一种美德，只为帮助更多学生

范文：
The information given by the bar charts is about the changes in the numbers
of marriage and divorce in US from 1970 to 2000, and the marital status of
American adults in the two separate years.
According to the first chart, the number of marriages saw a downward trend
during the three decades. It dropped from 2.5 million in 1970 to 2 million in
2000. In terms of the number of divorces, it was always lower than that of
marriages. The data of divorces reached a record high (nearly 1.5 million) in
1980 when it was followed by a gentle decrease to only 1 million in 2000.
As we can see from the second chart, in 1970, married people had the largest
proportion which was 70%, while the divorced group had the smallest
percentage, nearly 65 times lower than the former group. Interestingly, the
proportion of never married people and that of widowed ones alike were
similar (around 10%). In 2000, although the number of married people
dropped to 60%, it was still the most one. Widowed citizens also decreased a
bit and became the fewest group. Moreover, the percentage of never married
people and that of divorced ones alike experienced an increase, to 20% and
10% respectively.
 分享知识是一种美德，只为帮助更多学生

In conclusion, after the year 1980, both the number of marriages and that of
divorces witnessed a decline, while the percentage of never married people
and that of divorced individuals had a gentle increase.

l 5-1-1

题目：
The graph below shows the proportion of the population aged 65 and over
between 1940 and 2040 in three different countries.

范文：
As can be seen from the graph, the proportion of elderly people aged 65 and
above showed a similar upward trend in USA and Sweden, and are expected
to keep increase in the future. In 1940, USA had the largest proportion of
elderly people in this age group, taking up 10%. It increased to 15% during
the next four decades, followed by a leveling off at 14%. However, it is
estimated to see a dramatic increase to just under 25% in 2040. Before 1995,
the trend of percentage of old people in Sweden was similar with that of USA
but always lower. After than, it exceeded the figure for Japan in 1995 and is
expected to reach 25% in 2040, although there will be some fluctuations.

On the contrary, the proportion of people aged 65 and over in Japan saw a
different trend during the same period. It decreased from 5% in 1940 and to
about 3% in 1960 and it remained stable over the next 20 years. Noticeably,
it is expected to grow dramatically to just over 25% in 2040, becoming the
country with the most percentage of elderly people.

l 5-2-1
 分享知识是一种美德，只为帮助更多学生

题目：
The chars below shows the main reasons for study among students of
different age groups and the amount of support they received from emplyers.

考生范文 8 分：
The first graph shows that there is a gradual decrease in study for career
reasons with age. Nearly 80% of students under 26 years, study for their
career. This percentage gradually declines by 10-20% every decade. Only 40%
of 40-49 year olds and 18% of over 49 year olds are studying for career
reasons in late adulthood.

Conversely, the fist graph also shows that study stemming from interest
increases with age. There are only 10% of under 26 year olds studying out of
interest. The percentage increases slowly till the beginning of the fourth
decade, and increases dramatically in late adulthood. Nearly same number of
40-49 year olds study for career and interest. However 70% of over 49 year
olds study for interest in comparison to 18% studying for career reasons in
that age group.

The second graph shows that employer support is maximum (approximately

60%) for the under 16 year students. It drops rapidly to 32% up to the third
decade of life, and then increases in late adulthood up to about 44%. It is
unclear whether employer support is only for career-focused study, but the
highest level is for those students who mainly study for career purposes.

l 5-3-1
 分享知识是一种美德，只为帮助更多学生

题目：
The map below is the town of Garlsdon. A new supermarket (S) is planned for
the town. The map shows two possible sites for the supermarket.

考官范文：
The map shows two proposed locations for a new supermarket for the town
of Garisdon.

The first potential location (S1) is outside the town itself, and is sited just off
the main road to the town of Hindon, lying 12 kms to the north-west. This
site in the countryside and so would be able to accommodate a lot of car
parking. This would make it accessible to shoppers from both Hindon and
Garlsdon who could travel by car. As it is also close to the railway the line
linking the two towns to Cransdon (25 km to the south-east), a potentially
large number of shoppers would also be able to travel by train.

In contrast, the suggested location, S2, is right in the town centre, which
would be good for local residents. Theoretically the store could be accessed
by road or rail from the surrounding towns, including Bransdon, but as the
central area is a no-traffic zone, cars would be unable to park and access
would be difficult.
 分享知识是一种美德，只为帮助更多学生

Overall, neither site is appropriate for all the towns, but for customers in
Cransdon, Hindon and Garlsdon, the out-of-town site (S1) would probably
offer more advantages.

l 5-4-1

题目：

The table below gives information about the underground railway systems
in six cities.

l 4-1-1

题目:
The table below shows the proportion of different categories of families living
in poverty in Australia in 1999.

考官范文：
The table gives a breakdown of the different types of family who were living
in poverty in Australia in 1999.
 分享知识是一种美德，只为帮助更多学生

On average, 11% of all households, comprising almost two million people,

were in this position. However, those consisting of only one parent or a single
adult had almost double this proportion of poor people, with 21% and 19%
respectively.

Couples generally tended to be better off, with lower poverty levels for
coupes without children (7%) than those with children (12%). It is noticeable
that for both types of household with children, a higher than average
proportion were living in poverty at this time.

Older people were generally less likely to be poor, though once again the
trend favoured elderly couples (only 4%) rather than single elderly people
(6%).

Overall the table suggests that households of single adults and those with
children were more likely to be living in poverty than those consisting of
couples.

l 4-2-1

The graph below shows the demand for electricity in England during typical
days in winter and summer. The pie chart shows how electricity is used in an
average English home.
 分享知识是一种美德，只为帮助更多学生

l 4-3-1

题目：
The chart below shows the different levels of post-school qualifications in
Australia and the proportion of men and women who held them 1999.

考官范文:
 分享知识是一种美德，只为帮助更多学生

The chart gives information about post-school qualifications in terms of the

different levels of further education reached by men and women in Australia
in 1999.

We can see immediately that there were substantial differences in the

proportion of men and women at different levels. The biggest gender
difference is at the lowest post-school level, where 90% of those who held a
skilled vocation diploma were men, compared with only 10% of women. By
contrast, more women held undergraduate diplomas (70%) and marginally
more women reached degree level (55%).

At the higher levels of education, men with postgraduate diplomas clearly

outnumbered their female counterparts (70% and 30%, respectively), and
also constituted 60% of Master’s graduates.

Thus we can see that more men than women hold qualifications at the lower
and higher levels of education, while more women reach undergraduate
diploma level than men. The gender difference is smallest at the level of
Bachelor’s degree.

l 4-4-1

题目：
The charts below give information about travel to and from the UK, and about
the most popular countries for UK residents to visit.
雅思写作补充讲义——杨希——微博@杨毛毡