CLASS SIX

THIN CYLINDER AND SPHERICAL SHELL UNDER INTERNAL

PRESSURE

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Introduction

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 Longitudinal stress

Hoop stress

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4
πdt

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6
Hoop strain

Longitudinal stress

Hoop stress

Volumetric strain = Hoop strain + Longitudinal stain 7

 Example
A close cylinder vessel made of steel plates 4 mm thickness with plane ends carries fluid under a pressure of 3 𝑁/𝑚𝑚2 .
The diameter of the cylinder is 250 mm and its length is 750 mm. calculate longitudinal and hoop stress in the cylinder
wall and determine changes in diameter and volume of the cylinder. Take E as 2.1 x105 𝑁/𝑚𝑚2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝜇 𝑎𝑠 0.286

Solution
Longitudinal stress = σL
Given;
t = 4 mm 3×250
P= 3 𝑁/𝑚𝑚2
=
4×4
d= 250 mm = 46.88 𝑁/𝑚𝑚2
L= 750 Mm
Hoop stress = σH
E = 2.1 x105 𝑁/𝑚𝑚2
𝜇 = 0.286
3×250
σL , σH , δl, δd, and δv =
2×4
= 93.75 𝑁/𝑚𝑚2
Solution cont’d in the next
slide 8
 𝑻𝒐 𝒐𝒃𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒏 𝜹𝒅, we must obtain hoop strain which is given as

1
= 93.75 − (0.286 × 46.88)
2.1×105
=3.83× 10−4
Therefore;
change in diamter
= Hoop strain
origninal diamter

δd = 3.83 × 10−4 × 250 = 0.096 mm

Solution cont’d in the next

slide 9
𝑻𝒐 𝒐𝒃𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒏 𝜹l, we must obtain longitudinal strain which is given as

1
= 46.88 − (0.286 × 93.34)
2.1×105
Therefore;
=9.55× 10−5
change in length
= Longitudinal strain
origninal length
𝛿𝑑 = 9.55 × 10−5 × 750 = 0.0716 𝑚𝑚

Solution cont’d in the next

slide 10
Volumetric strain = Hoop strain + Longitudinal stain

Volumetric strain =(𝟑. 𝟖𝟐𝟔 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟒 )+ (9.554× 𝟏𝟎−𝟓 )

δV = volumetric strain × Volume

𝜋
= ((𝟑. 𝟖𝟐𝟔 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟒 )+ (9.554× 𝟏𝟎−𝟓 ))× 4 2502 × 750)
= 17.34 × 103 𝑚𝑚2

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Example

30 𝑁/𝑚𝑚2

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Example 2 A cylindrical thin drum, 800 mm diameter and 4 mm long has 10 mm
thickness. If the drum is subjected to an internal pressure of 2.5 𝑁/𝑚𝑚2 ,
determine its change in diameter and length. 𝐸 = 200 𝑘𝑁/𝑚𝑚2 . Take
𝜇 𝑎𝑠 0.25

Solution in the next slide

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 800 mm
m

𝝁 = 𝟎. 𝟐𝟓

0.0005 mm (Ans) 14
Example

A cylindrical vessel 2 m long and 500 mm diameter with 10 mm thick plates in

subjected to an internal pressure of 3MPa, calculate the change in volume of
the vessel. Take E as 200 MPa and 𝜇 as 0.3

Solution in the next slide

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+

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 TRY AND UNDERSTAND

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