KERALA

STATE PROFILE
• Kerala is a state on the southwestern Malabar
Coast of India.
• Kerala is the twenty-third largest state by area.
• It is bordered by Karnataka to the north and
northeast,Tamilnadu to the wast and south, and
the lakshdweep sea to the west.
• As per 2011 census, Kerala is the theirteenth-
largest Indian state by population.
• It is divided into 14 districts with the Capitol
being Thiruvananthapuram.
SHORT HISTORY
• The term Kerala was first epigraphically recorded as
Ketalaputo (Cheras) in a 3rd century bce rock inscription by
emperor Ashoka of Magadha.
• It was mentioned as one of four independent kingdoms in
southern India during Ashoka’s time, the others being the
Cholas,Pandyas and Satyaputras.
• The Cheras transformed Kerala into an international trade
centre by establishing trade relations across the Arabian Sea
with all major Mediterranean and Red Sea ports as well those
in the Far East.
CLIMATE
• Like the diverse geography the climate in
Kerala is also diverse.
• High ranges in Kerala is cool throughout the
year but plains experience hot and humid
climate.
• The coastal areas have a maximum
temperature of 32 and minimum of 22 degree
Celsius.
• The winter in Kerala is cool with the
temperature falling up to 25 degree
centigrade.
 CULTURE
• LANGUAGE :Malayalam is the most widely spoken
language and is also the official language of the state.

• FOOD HABITS
1. Kerala is known as the “Land of Spices” because it
traded spices with Europe as well as with many
ancient civilizations with the oldest historical records
of the Sumerians from 3000 BCE.
2. Sadhya is a feast of Kerala origin and of importance
to all Malayalis,consisting of a variety served on a
banana leaf in Kerala as lunch .Sadhya is typically
served as traditional dish for Onam, the state festival
of Kerala.
 FESTIVALS

Onam Thrissur puram Kerala boat festival Attukal Pongala

Vishu Makaravilakku Christmas Theyyam

CLOTHING OCCUPATION MUSIC
FLORA
The floral diversity of kerala can
be categorized into three
1. Wild and indegenous.
2. Indigenous and cultivated.
3. Exotic,yet cultivated or wild.
FAUNA
The forests in Kerala play to host to such major
fauna as the Asian elephant,Bengal tiger,
leopard,nilgiri tahr and grizzled giant squirrel.
More remote preserves including Silent Valley
National Park in the Kundali hills, harbour
endangered species such as the Lion-tailed
macaque,Indian sloth bear and gaur(“Indian
bison”).
 ARCHITECTURE
• Kerala’s architecture is mainly influenced from
architectural sciences like Vastu Shastra.
• The temples are built on the basis of two construction thesis.
• Thantra,Samuchayam and Sliparatnam which allow the
energy to flow inside the temple and does not retain any
negative energy.
• The structures of any residential or religious center usually
consist of a rectangular or cylindrical structure at the
bottom with downward sloping roofs at the top.
ST. JOHN’S CATHEDRAL
ABOUT STRUCTURE
• This cathedral is set up high on 12 pillars symbolizing
after the 12 apostles of the Christ.
• The pillars are positioned in the manner to shape the
whole cathedral into a wide circle.
• The stone walls reach a height of about 10 feet and the
roof about 75 feet.
• The cross erected above the cathedral Is about 25 feet in
length.
• The cathedral does not have pillars built in the central
part,the dais is built in such a manner that the believers
who come to worship can have an unbroken view of the
dais,standing any side of the cathedral.
FAMOUS HISTORICAL MONUMENTS

Bekal Fort Anjuthengu Fort Mattancherry Palace

Hill Palace Padmanabhapuram Fort Paradesi synagogue