N 2 > 2 TELANGANA HISTORY |. History and Cultural Heritage of Telangana. . History and culture of Ancient Telangana — Medeival Telangana and the emergence of composite culture - Kakatiyas and Velama kingdoms and their contribution to Socio- Cultural Development, Literature, Music, Dance, Art and Architecture; Qutub Shahis and their contribution to Telugu literature, art and architecture. Protest Movements against Kakatiyas and Qutub Shahis- Sammakka Sarakka and Sarvaipapanna The Establishment of Asaf Jahi Dynasty — Salar Jung Reforms and Modernization of Telangana ; Socio- Economic development under the Nizams — Land Tenures and Social. ‘System, Jagirdars, Deshmukhs etc.and Vetti— British Paramountcy and Nizam- Revolt of Socio-Cultural Awaking in Telangana- Andhra Sarasvath Parishat — Literary and Library Movements; Establishment of Nizam Rashtra Andhra Jana Sangham — Andhra Mahasabha — Social Reform Movements -Brahma Samaj, Arya Samaj and Adi- Hindu and Dalit Movements, Role of Bhagyareddy Varma- Andhra Mahila Sabha and the growth of Women's Movement. Role of Hyderabad State Congress and Vandemataram Movement. Peoples Movement against the Nizam’s Rule — Adivasi revolts — Ramji Gond and Kumaram Bheemu - Telangana Peasants Armed Struggle — Role of Andhra Mahasabha and the Communists —Majlis-Ittehadul-Muslimeen Party, Rajakars and Kasim Razvi - Police Action and the End of Nizam’s Rule — Integration of Hyderabad State into Indian Union. History Telangana |. Safavehanes, Tkshvakus, Vishnakundias , Buddhism , Jainism 2. Medieval Telangana — Kaktatyas § Yelama Kingdoms — Qutub Shahis 3 Asal ahi Dynasty 4. Sorto - Cultural Avoakening in Telangana 5 Reoples Movement against the Nizame RuleThe Establishment of Asaf Jahi Dynasty - Salar Jung Reforms and Modernization of Telangana ; Socio- Economic development under the Nizams — Land Tenures and Social ‘System, Jagirdars, Deshmukhs etc.and Vetti~ British Paramountcy and Nizam- Revolt of | 1857 in Hyderabad and the ; Socio- Economic Development during the rule of the sixth and seventh Nizams - Growth of Railways, Transport and Communication System, ; of Asaf Jahi period. 2 E-stabelihment of Asef joi Ograsty deci. 1 Qulabh shabie + 16@t - (roy Asef ph rede trae 1948 te ted loc on Decean plateau a cinieamaagemume & OHO foo river anesthe ee ay as Godavari - frishna urdu tsop fobi rule ftyd Sale f ser all te d founder i fsef hae dyrally — Nizam ul Mutk —The Asaf Jahi was a Muslim dynasty that ruled the Kingdom of Hyderabad. The family came to India in the late 17th century and became employees of the Mughal Empire. They were great patrons of Persian culture, language, and literature, the family found a ready patronage. The dynasty was founded by Mir Qamar-ud-Din Siddiqi, a Asaf Jahi Dynasty Viceroy of the Deccan—(administrator of six Mughal governorates) under the Mughal emperors from 1713 to ular}: 1721. He intermittently ruled after Aurangzeb’s death in 1707 and under the title Asaf Jah in 1724. The Mughal Empire icostot me ofthe Nizam) crumbled and the Viceroy of the Deccan, Asaf Jah |, declared Founded 31 Juy 1724 himself independent, whose domain extend from the Founder Asaf Jah | Narmada river in the North to Trichinopoly in the South and Final ruler ‘osman All Khan Masulipatnam in the east to Bijapur in the west.!"] Titles Nizam-ukMulk Nawab Nawab Khwaja Abid Siddiqi, grandfather of the first Nizam, er oo was born in Aliabad near Samarkhand in the kingdom of Highness Bukhara in modern-day Uzbekistan. His father, Alam Shaik, Estate(s) Kingdom of was a well-known Sufi and celebrated man of letters. Khwaja es Abid's mother was of the family of Mir Hamdan, a Deposition sree distinguished Syed of Samarkhand. Nizam's mother was the daughter of Sadullah Khan, the Grand vizier (1645-1656) of Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan. She hailed from Chiniot, Punjab. Khwaja Abid, who had held the high office of Gazi (judge) and Shoiulslam, is visited india during = the reign of Mughal Emperor Shah Jehan in 1655 on his Wayto Mecca. He presented himsetf at the Mematt ate a Imperial Court where he won favours androbe of honour. He was offered a postionn the Emperor's nied eh ¥ service, which he agreed to accept after his retumn fromiMece3. cole Nawab! Kha Abid 1n'1657 Khaja Abid returned from his pilgrimage and joined the service of Aurangzeb. At that time Biddiqy CS S04) ‘Aurangzeb was in the Deccan preparing for the War of succession to the Mughal throne. Khaja/Abid, besides being learned man was wellveteedin the atof wat. Aurangzeb gavetim anmpartant luk shahabudin, ayy in thelimperial army. He was granted high rank o an and the tile teen postin th H SO00ZRL and SOON andthe HEE GA hasnt tn gel ea Khan. ‘ co 8D pone Po ‘After succeeding inthe war of succession, Aurangzeb made him the Governor of Aimer and [= shagshan) subsequently of Multan with the title of Qalich Khan. He served the Emperor with distinction Mir Samersddin Kan particularly during the early years of Aurangzebs reign while he was consolidating and restoring Cone -mis) ‘peace in his newiy acquired tertory. ‘On/30 January 1687 during the siege of Golconda while leading the Imperial armies against the Qutb) ‘Shahi king, Qalich Khan died when he was struck fatally by a cannonball Qalich Khan was survived by five sons, and his eldest son Shahabuddin Khan, entitled Ghaziuddin Khan Feroz Jung, earned the position of highest distinction in the Mughal Court. He married Safi |Kthanum; daughter of Saadullah Khan, the famous Prime Minister of Shah Jehan, and by her had a ‘son named Qamarudain, who later became the celebrated Nizam-ul-Mul, the founder of the Asaf Jahi Dynasty.Khawaja Abid Khan Siddiqi (b. 17th Century - 1687 d.), or Nawab Khawaja Abid Siddiqi/Khawaja Abid (Qalich Khan - title given by Shah Jahan) better known as Ki Khan, was a Nawab and military general under Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb. He was a loyal general of the Mughal Empire. He was the father of Ghazi ud-Din Khan Siddiqi - Feroze Jung | (a Mughal general) and the grandfather of Mir Qamar-ud-din Siddiqi, Asaf Jah |. Grond falher ¢ Nizam L Kilich Khan was born in Adilabad near the ancient Kilich Khan Bahadur Silk Road city of Samarkand. His father was Khawaja Ismail Khan Siddiqi Bayafandi s/o Shaikh Allahdad Khan Siddiqi Bayafandi s/o Shaikh Abdul. Rehman Azizzan Khan Siddiqi Bayafandi the 14th in direct descent from Shihab al-Din ‘Umar al- Suhrawardi of Sohrevard in Iran a celebrated Sufi mystic lived in Persia, a renowned scholar known for his piety and knowledge of the law and was even honored with the title Allum-ul-Ulema (wisest of the wise).(2) Through his father's side of the family, Nawab Kilich Khan could trace his lineage back 34 generations to the first Caliph of Islam, Abu Bakr Siddique since Nawab Kilich Khan was his direct descendant through the Bayafandi Clan in the 'Asir Region of Arabia, and on his mother's side of the family he can trace his ancestry to Prophet Muhammad. Nizams Dowinion atten Side Aree proces River io i “ t Nt le ob as Azim Khan Kilich Khan Bahadur Nawab Quran-i-Habib Kilich Khan Linea 34 Cal iph of slam Bijapur tHazrath Abu Bakr Masul R Beer Siddique C&A) Tretia poy & Mother cide lq rrily Con. stroce Wis ances to Prophet Mubamrnacl (PBUH)Asaf Jah I inkique ] planing Main article: Asaf Jah | The founder of this dynasty was Mir Qamaruddin Khan, ainoble and a courtier of the Mughal Muhammad Shah, who negotiated for a peace treaty with Nadirshah, the Iranian invader; got disgusted with the intrigues that prevailed in Delhi. He was on his way back to the Deccan, where, earlier he was a Subedar. But he had to confront Mubariz Khan, as a result of a plot by the Mughal emperor to kill the former. Mubariz Khan failed in his attempt and he was himself slain. This one on one took place in AD 1724, and henceforth Mir Qamaruddin, who assumed the title of Nizam-ul- Mulk, conducted himself as an independent ruler. Earlier, while he was one of the Ministers of the Mughal emperor Muhammad Shah, the latter conferred on him the title of Asaf Jah. Thus begins the Asaf Jahi rule over Golconda with the capital at Aurangabad. 2) (Qamaruddin Khan, Asaf Jah | The Asafjahi Nizams are generally counted as seven, though they were ten. Nasir Jung, Muzaffar Jung, (son and grandson of the Nizam I who were killed by the Kurnool and Cuddapah Nawabs) and Salabat jung who together ruled for a decade, were not counted by the historians and the Mughal emperors at Delhi only recognised them just as Subedars of the Deccan. The authority of the founder of the State of Hyderabad, Asafjah |, extended from Narmada to Trichinapally and from Machilipatnam to Bijapur. During the period of Afzal-ud-Daula (Asaf Jah V) (AD 1857-1869) it was estimated to be 95,337 sq.miles (2,46,922.83 km”), forming a lateral square of more than 450 miles (724.17 km) each way, After Nizam |, Asaf Jah, died in AD 1748. There was a tussle for power among his son, Nasir Jung, and grandson Muzaffar Jung. The English supported Nasir Jung whereas Muzeffar Jung got support from the French. These two heirs were subsequently killed by Nawabs of Kurnool and Cuddapah, one after another, in AD 1750 and AD 1751, respectively. The third son of Nizam |, Salabat Jung became the ruler as Nizam under the support of the French. Hostilities recommenced in India between the French and the English in AD 1758 on the outbreak of ‘Seven Years' War in Europe in AD 1756. As a result, the French lost their power in India and consequently, it also lost influence at Hyderabad. In AD 1762 Nizam Ali Khan dislodged Salabat Jung and proclaimed himself as Nizam.~ Asaf Jah II c Main article: Asaf Jah I! The fourth son of the Nizarm-ul-Mulk, Nizam Ali Khan was born on 24 February 1734. He assumed the ‘Subedari of the Deccan at the age of 28 years and ruled the Deccan for almost 42 years - the longest period among the Nizams. His reign was one of the most important chapters in the history of the Asaf Jahi dynasty. Among his efforts to consolidate the Nizam empire was the shift of the Deccan capital from Aurangabad to Hyderabad. He ruled the Deccan at a most critical period and got very successful support from the House of Paigah. He protected the Deccan from the attack of the Marathas and Tippu Sultan of Mysore by signing a mutual protection treaty with the British. After a reign that played a pivotal role in the establishment of the Nizam dynasty, Nizam Ali Khan died in 1803 at the age of 69. He was buried at the Mecca Masjid alongside the tomb of his mother Umda Begum. a Asaf Jah IIL o Main article: Asaf Jah Il Mir Akbar Ali Khan Sikander Jah, Asaf Jah III was born on 11 November 1768. After the death of the Nizam Ali Khan he became the Subedar Jah was ratified by the emperor Shah Alam il and he also conferred all his father's titles on Sikander Jah." « Asaf Jah IV co Main article: Asaf Jah IV Mir Farkhunda Ali Khan Nusir-ud-Dawlah was born in Bidar on 25 April 1794. He was the eldest son of ‘Sikander Jah and after his father's death, he succeeded him on 23 May 1829. During the reign of his father, a number of British officers were employed on several civil services. Hence on ascending the throne in 1829 one of the first acts of his highness was to request the Governor-general, Lord William Bentick to the European officers.) ~ Asaf Jah V o Main article: Asaf Jah V Mir Tahniath Ali Khan Afzal-ud-daula was born on 11 October 1827. He was the eldest son of Nawab Nasir-ud-daula. He ascended the throne on 18 May 1857 and Indian mutiny was stated on 17 July 1857 Rohillas attacked the residency but Sir Salar Jung put down the attack with a firm hand. Similarly, trouble was started in Solapur but the Maharaja of Solapur was unable to control [ettation needed)« Asaf Jah VI ? Main article: Asaf Jah VI Mir Mahboob Ali Khan was born on 17 August 1866. He was the only son of Nawab Afzal-ud-Daula Asaf Jah V. When his father died he was two years and seven months old. He was installed as the Munsab by Sir Salar Jung |, Nawab Rasheeduddin Khan, Shams ul Ummra and the residents, there functioned as the Reyab. Shar-ul-Ummul died on 12 December 1881 and Salar Jung become the sole regent. He was remembered administrator and regent till his death. !©1!71 He is popularly known for his efforts to abolish the practice of Sati'®l and having supernatural healing powers against Snakebite.!"! Asaf Jah VII - Main article: Asaf Jah Vil Mir Osman Ali Khan was born in Hyderabad on 5 April 1886 at Purani Haveli. Since he was the heir- apparent, great attention was paid to his education, and eminent scholars were engaged to teach him English, Urdu, Persian. On 14 April 1906, he was married to Dulhan Pasha Begum, daughter of Nawab Jahangir Jung, at Eden Bagh, at the age 21.10) He is credited for various reforms in education and development and remembered for being a truly secular!'") King by giving yearly donations to various temples.''2) He made large donations to educational institutions in India and abroad. He donated Rs 10 Lakh to the Banaras Hindu University and Rs 5 Lakh to the Aligarh Muslim University. {@it#tion needed) He set up the Osmania University,''5] Osmania General Hospital, Osmania Medical College, State Bank of Hyderabad, South India's first airport -the Begumpet Airport, Nizamia Observatory, Government Nizamia General Hospital, etc.!"4 The Nizam was reported to have fathered many children; as few as 34, and as many as 149 or more, including more than 100 illegitimate children.{15I!'ell'7il18ll91120) Nasir Jung, Muzaffar Jung and Salabat Jung:- * These three rulers are not enumerated in the order of the Asaf Jah's, mainly because they were not granted the title of ASAF JAH by the Mughal Emperor.Titular Name Image Nizam-ul-Mulk, Asaf Jah | Bol Slallalas ole Nasir Jung Muzaffar Jung She Salabat Jung Siz eso Nizam-ul-Mulk, Asaf Jah Il dol Stalls ge ole Sikander Jah, Asaf Jah Ill Gok ale yuSuo eign ole Nasir-ud-Daula, Asaf Jah IV Bol, Jgall poli pak ole Afzal-ud-Daula, Asaf Jah V aol, Joall Slasl py ole Asaf Jah VI puts ol ol Asaf Jah VIL eid ole ol Personal Name Mir Qamar-ud- din Khan Mir Ahmed Ali Khan Mir Hidayat Muhi-ud-din Saladullah Khan Mir Said Muhammad Khan Mir Nizam Ali Khan Mir Akbar Ali Khan Mir Farqunda Ali Khan Mir Tahniyath Ali Khan Mir Mahbub Ali Khan oe eae ae ol Mir Osman Ali Khan OB He glee yea Date of Nizam Date of : Nizam Until birth From leath 20 August 31 July 1 June 1748 1671 1724 26 February 1 June 16 December 1750 1712 1748 16 7 December 13 February 1751 1750 24 13 February 8 July 1762 November September 1751 (deposed) 1718 1763 7 March 8 July 1762 6 August 1803, 1734 6 August November 21 May 1829 1803 1768 25 April 21 May 16 May 1857 1794 1829 11 October 16 May 26 February 1869 1827 1857 17 August 26 February 1866 1869 29 August 6 April 1886 1911 29 August 1911 ad September 1948 (deposed) 24 February 1967NIZAM OF HYDERABAD 1720-1948, Hyderabad State: Census 1941 (Hind Population)