present per litre ofthe solution is its molarity. _Molarity M= <7ciume of solution (L) ate is present is 100ml (0.1L) solution then Motarity= OF = 1 moll ‘Moles of solute = Molarity Litres of solution Millimoles of solute = Molarity x mL of solution centration of glucose (CsH1,0¢) in normal blood is approximately 90 mg per 100 mL. ‘of the glucose solution in blood? Mase of xtucose —90mg = a = 0.09g Moles of glucose = °° = 0.0005 mol 00 Volume of solution = 100mL = 0.101 : Mole of solute Litres of solution 0.0005 ee O10 = 0.005 M Molarity = Scanned with CamScannerbe the same for both volumes in this equation. In general, My of the solution. V, refers to the volume that is being transferred. M2 refers of the solution and V; is the final total volume of the solution. that the number of moles of solute does not change when more solvent is added to the ion, however does change with the added amount of solvent. I 7: How do you prepare 100ml of 0.40 M MgSO, from a stock solution of 2.0M MgSO,? M, = 2.0 M MgSOx; V; = Unknown M2 = 0.40 M MgSOx; V> M, V\ = Mz V2 _ MzV, _ 040x100 M, 2 M =20mL of temperature on molarity affected by temperature because it is based on the volume of the solution, and the volume of a substance will be affected by changes in temperature. According to this, when temperature gets increased ‘density get decreased. Then volume will increase when temperature increases, and vice versa. 1 i. Molarity 0 ————— _ i ‘Temperature mo -MOLALITY (m) ‘The molality of a solution is defined as the number of moles of solute per kilogram of solvent (mol kg”). Moles of solute z Mass of solvent (kg) ‘main advantage of using molality is that it is temperature independent because masses do not } substances are heated or cooled. While the disadvantage of using molality are that amo ‘are measured by mass rather than by volume and that the density of the solution must be molality into molarity. ¢ between Molality and Molarity Molality (m) = Scanned with CamScannerMass of urea and water = 100g Eo ates, Mass of urea = 40g, Reo Ie ecNsote of uren = 8-066 Mass of water = 60g Mole of water = $ =3.333 . 60 Weight of solvent (water) in kg = To00 7 2.088 Mole of urea Bay (as) Weight of solvent (kg) 0.666 >= 11.1 1mol/ks 0.06 1.Lmol/kg and Normality with each other according to the laws of | chemical combination and the number element combines with one part by mass of hydrogen, eight parts by mass of o ‘f chlorine is the value of the equivalent mass of the elemene Equivalent mass = Mole (n) = n factor Of the solution expressed in number of equivalent dissolved per litre of solution is sites 8 ity - Number of equivalent , Normality ~ Number of equivalent as $e Seu Lite of cotton NaOH is dissolved in 100ml (0.1L) solution, what is normality of NaOH Scanned with CamScannerEquivalent of substance Litre of solution Weight/Molecular weight x 1 01 Normality = IN= E=60 g equiv" ‘between Normality and Molarity Normality = Molarity x valence factor or n-factor. factor for all phosphoric components or acids = n factor will be one less than no of atoms except H3PO;, its n factor will be one. ; ‘other acids n factor will be equal to no of hydrogen atoms 4.9 gram of HSO, is present in 500ml, of solution. Find the normality and molarity of the _ Equivalent weight = 4.9/98 x 2=0.1N Equvivalent weight _ 0.1.x 1000 _) 5 Volumes (liters) 500 N= MX n factor hie Normality n factor N =0.1M Scanned with CamScanner