Introduction:-

Community engagement has been considered a

fundamental component of past outbreaks, such as Ebola.
However, there is concern over the lack of involvement of
communities and 'bottom-up' approaches used within
COVID-19 responses thus far. Identifying how community
engagement approaches have been used in past epidemics
may support more robust implementation within the COVID-
19 response.
Community participation is essential in the
collective response to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19),
from compliance with lockdown, to the steps that need to be
taken as countries ease restrictions, to community support
through volunteering. Communities clearly want to help: in
the UK, about 1 million people volunteered to help the
pandemic response and highly localised mutual aid groups
have sprung up all over the world with citizens helping one
another with simple tasks such as checking on wellbeing
during lockdowns.

Global health guidelines already emphasise the

importance of community participation.Incorporating
insights and ideas from diverse communities is central for the
coproduction of health, whereby health professionals work
together with communities to plan, research, deliver, and
evaluate the best possible health promotion and health-care
services.

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Global health guidelines already emphasise the
importance of community participation. Incorporating
insights and ideas from diverse communities is central for
the coproduction of health, whereby health professionals
work together with communities to plan, research,
deliver, and evaluate the best possible health promotion
and health-care services
In unstable times when societies are undergoing rapid and
far-reaching changes, the broadest possible range of
knowledge and insights is needed. It is crucial to
understand, for instance, the additional needs of
particular groups, and the lived experiences of difficulties
caused by government restrictions. We know lockdowns
increase domestic violence and that some public
discourse creates the unpalatable impression that the
value of each individual's life is being ranked. Identifying
and mitigating such harms requires all members of society
to work together.

First, governments should immediately set up and fund

specific community engagement taskforces to ensure that
community voice is incorporated into the pandemic
response. This requires dedicated staff who can help
governments engage in dialogue with citizens, work to
integrate the response across health and social care, and
coordinate links with other sectors such as policing and
education. This engagement will require additional
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resources to complement existing health services and
public health policy. Dedicated virtual and physical spaces
must be established to co-create the COVID-19 response,
with different spaces tailored to the needs of different
participants—eg, different formats for discussion, timings,
locations, and levels of formality.
A cross-sectional qualitative study design was used with
qualitative data collection was carried out during August-
October 2020. Two districts were purposefully selected
from two large industrial zones. Data was collected using
in-depth interviews (n = 36) with individuals and
households, migrants and owners of dormitories,
industrial zone factory representatives, community
representatives and health authorities. Data was analyzed
using thematic analysis approach. The study received
ethics approval from the Hanoi University Institutional
Review Board.

The government’s response to COVID-19 was

spearheaded by the multi-sectoral National Steering
Committee for the Prevention and Control of COVID-
19, chaired by the Vice Prime Minister and comprised
different members from 23 ministries. This structure was
replicated throughout the province and local levels and all
public and private organizations. Different activities were
carried out by local communities, following four key
principles of infection control: early detection, isolation,
quarantine and hospitalization. We found three key
determinants of engagement of migrant workers with

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COVID-19 prevention and control: availability of
resources, appropriate capacity strengthening,
transparent and continuous communication and a sense
of trust in government legitimacy.Multi-sectoral, multi-
scalar and multi-stakeholder collaborations that balance
“top-down” public health policy implementation with
community organization, through communication and
accountability channels that privilege the perspectives of
the marginalized, are required. Community engagement
and co-production cannot be a standardized intervention
but require ongoing processes of political, social,
economic, and cultural negotiation and will play out in
varied ways across different contexts. Distributing COVID-
19 vaccines will undoubtedly be one of the most
ambitious and far-reaching public health interventions in
recent history.

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 Literature survey
on

Covid 19 Community
participation in
control & eradication

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 “ Community engagement for
Topic :-
COVID-19 prevention and control ”
Author :- Brynne Gilmore

Abstract:-

A rapid evidence review was conducted to identify

how community engagement is used for infectious disease
prevention and control during epidemics. Three databases
were searched in addition to extensive snowballing for grey
literature. Previous epidemics were limited to Ebola, Zika,
SARS, Middle East respiratory syndromeand H1N1 since 2000.

COVID-19’s global presence and social transmission

pathways require social and community responses. This may
be particularly important to reach marginalised populations
and to support equity-informed responses. Aligning previous
community engagement experience with current COVID-19
community-based strategy recommendations highlights
communities can play important and active roles in
prevention and control. Countries worldwide are encouraged
to assess existing community engagement structures and use
community engagement to support contextually specific,
acceptable and appropriate COVID-19 prevention and
control.

Keywords : review, infections, diseases, disorders, injuries, public

health, prevention strategies

Links:- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7554411/
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Topic :- “Combating
the Spread of COVID-19
Through Community Participation”
Author :- Lalgoulen Khongsai

Abstract:-

India has a vast population with a weak public health system,

which is vulnerable to the COVID-19 pandemic. Community
participation through various measures is the only way to
limit the spread of the virus. The present study investigates
the possibility of social intervention and involvement in
controlling the pandemics and its cascading effect. The study
identifies , segregation, sensitization, social fencing,
solidarity, and social services, to control the disease through
people's participation that could throw insights into
controlling the virus and minimizing the aftershock of the
pandemic Early implementation of prevention and control
activities , including suspicions regarding the existence of the
disease and motives of the government and international
organisations. community engagement became a key pillar to
the response to engage communities were undertaken,
including building partnerships with local and religious
leaders and working with the community to develop and
initiation of coordinated response mechanisms, which
supported community engagement.

Keywords;-Asymptomatic; COVID-19; Community

participation; India; Pandemic; Social; Spread; Symptoms

Links:- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32837833/
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Topic :- “Community participation is crucial in a
pandemic”
Author : Cicely Marston

Abstract:-
Pandemic responses, by contrast, have largely involved
governments telling communities what to do, seemingly with
minimal community input. They know what knowledge and
rumours are circulatings and they are well placed to work
with others from their communities to devise collective
responses. Such community participation matters because
unpopular measures risk low compliance. With communities
on side, we are far more likely together to come up with
innovative-Community engagement was also crucial in the
response to Ebola virus disease in west Africa-eg, in tracking
and addressing rumours.Coproduction under the pressures of
the COVID-19 pandemic is challenging and risks being seen as
an added extra rather than as fundamental to a successful,
sustainable response.
Good mechanisms for community participation are hard to
establish rapidly. High-quality coproduction of health takes
time
Keywords:Coproduction,Rumours,Ebola,Minimal Community
Input
Links:- https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(20)31054-0/fulltext

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Topic :-“ Community Participation Approaches
for Effective National COVID-19 Pandemic
Preparedness and Response”
Author : Huda Al Siyab

Abstract:-

Since the WHO's declaration of the pandemic, the Ministry of

Health of Oman has initiated its preparedness and response
to the pandemic, with community participation as one of the
key components of the national preparedness and response
plan. This paper is a descriptive study aims at describing the
three community approaches that exist in Oman and
reviewing their role in preparedness and response strategies
to COVID-19 pandemic and discuss the lessons learned.
Community participation approaches in Oman were
translated into action during the pandemic through
empowering community members, mobilizing resources, and
strengthening the ownership among the local community to
ensure effective advocacy and dissemination of information
and, subsequently, actions at the level of the community. The
second approach is Willayat health committees, with their
unique multi-sectoral structure

Keywords: community participation, healthy cities, healthy villages,

Willayat health committees, volunteers, Oman

Links:- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7870984/

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Topic :-
The community response to
coronavirus

Author : Jude Stansfield

Abstract:- The response to coronavirus (COVID-19) has
demonstrated the contribution that communities make to
public health. Community life is essential for health and
wellbeing, and we are all more aware of the value of social
connections,sense of belonging and mutual trust.This blog
discusses the roles and activities of communities following
the outbreak of COVID-19, and their resilience in the face of
new challenges posed by this pandemic. Since the outbreak
of COVID-19, communities have sprung into action.
Neighbours are connecting and looking out for each other
more than usual, informal support groups in local areas have
organised to support people in need, and now there are over
2000 groups listed on the mutual aid established during the
pandemic.Communities have shown and built their resilience
over recent weeks, but extra support is needed to support
the seldom heard, isolated and excluded individuals and
communities. Not everyone can contribute to or benefit
equally from neighbourhood action, and those that are
already disadvantaged may find it challenging to maintain
resilience and participate in social networks in the face of the
outbreak. Volunteer and community organisations play a
valuable role here.

Keywords:community,trust,groups,sence of belonging

Links:- https://ukhsa.blog.gov.uk/2020/06/01/the-community-response-to-coronavirus-covid-19/

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Summary
&
Conclusion

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Aim & Objective

Covid 19 Community participation in control

& eradication

Abstract:-

In India, where communities are a diverse mix of

identities and interests, an exercise such as the CLEA
approach, if appropriately adapted and implemented,
could help reveal specific needs of the different sections
in the pandemic and assist authorities take appropriate
action
Community engagement could be the missing link in
enabling adoption of and adherence to the government’s
public health guidelines, said Ritu Priya, professor of
public health at the Centre of Social Medicine and
Community Health
Community participation is key to public health and has
been central in fights against previous epidemics such as
Ebola
Community involvement could play a key role in planning
local-level actions in collaboration with local bodies to
identify vulnerable households, provide support to the
elderly and those in quarantine, develop better
communication strategies and help in contact tracing

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 Conclusion

The study concerns the spread of COVID-19

in India. A control-theoretic approach is used to
develop an epidemic model to simulate and predict the
disease variations in 10 most affected states of India.
Results depict a rapid increase in the number of cases
in the coming days.

However, it is pertinent to mention that the

future estimation provided, is subject to certain system
parameters and can vary based on the external inputs
like lock-down measures, social-distancing,
vaccine/drug development, rapid testing, etc.
Information provided by our model could help
establish a realistic assessment of the situation for the
time-being and in the near future in order to apply the
appropriate public health measures.

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