Chemistry 12

Examination Booklet 2009/10 Released Exam January 2010

Form A

DO NOT OPEN ANY EXAMINATION MATERIALS UNTIL INSTRUCTED TO DO SO. FOR FURTHER INSTRUCTIONS REFER TO THE RESPONSE BOOKLET.

Contents: 19 pages 50 multiple-choice questions

Examination: 2 hours Additional Time Permitted: 60 minutes Province of British Columbia

PART A: MULTIPLE CHOICE Value: 62.5% of the examination Suggested Time: 80 minutes INSTRUCTIONS: For each question, select the best answer and record your choice on the Answer Sheet provided. Using an HB pencil, completely fill in the bubble that has the letter corresponding to your answer. You have Examination Booklet Form A. In the box above #1 on your Answer Sheet, fill in the bubble as follows.
Exam Booklet Form/ Cahier dexamen
A B C D E F G H

1. Which of the following reactions would you expect to proceed most rapidly at room temperature? A. Ca ( s ) + S ( s ) CaS ( s ) B. C. D. H 2 ( g ) + Cl 2 ( g ) 2HCl ( g )

Pb2 + ( aq ) + CO32 ( aq ) PbCO3 ( s )

1 Br2 ( ) + H 2O ( ) 2Br (aq ) + 2 O 2 ( g) + 2H+ (aq )

2. Solid sodium metal reacts rapidly with water in an open beaker to produce aqueous sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas. A change in which of the following could be used to measure the rate of this reaction? A. B. C. D. the volume of the solution the pressure of the hydrogen gas the concentration of the solid sodium the mass of the beaker and its contents

Chemistry 12 1001 Form A

Page 1

3. Consider the following PE diagram:

500 400 PE
(kJ)

300 200 100

Progress of reaction
Which of the following is correct for the activated complex? PE (kJ) A. B. C. D. 200 200 500 500 Stability low high low high

4. When carbon disulphide reacts with chlorine gas, 238 kJ is released. Which of the following correctly represent this reaction? I II III IV A. B. C. D. I and III only I and IV only II and III only II and IV only CS2 ( g ) + 3Cl 2 ( g ) CCl 4 ( g ) + S2 Cl 2 ( g ) + 238 kJ CS2 ( g ) + 3Cl 2 ( g ) + 238 kJ CCl 4 ( g ) + S2Cl 2 ( g )

CS2 ( g) + 3Cl 2 ( g) CCl 4 ( g) + S2Cl 2 ( g)

CS2 ( g ) + 3Cl 2 ( g ) CCl 4 ( g ) + S2Cl 2 ( g )

H = +238 kJ H = 238 kJ

Page 2

Chemistry 12 1001 Form A

5. Consider the following reaction mechanism:

Step 1: Step 2: Step 3:

2NO N 2 O 2 N 2O 2 + H 2 N 2O + H 2O N 2O + H 2 N 2 + H 2O

Which of the following is correct? Activated Complex A. B. C. D. N 2O N 2O 2 N 2OH 2 N 2O 2H 2 Reaction Intermediate N 2O 2 H 2O N 2O N2

Chemistry 12 1001 Form A

Page 3

6. A student places some HI ( g ) into a closed reaction container and the following equilibrium is established: 2HI ( g ) I 2 ( g ) + H 2 ( g ) Which of the following describes the forward and reverse reaction rates? A.
forward Reaction Rate reverse Time Reaction Rate forward Time

B.
reverse

C.
forward Reaction Rate reverse

D.
reverse Reaction Rate forward

Time

Time

Page 4

Chemistry 12 1001 Form A

7. Consider the equilibrium: H 2 ( g ) + FeO ( s ) H 2O ( g ) + Fe ( s ) The following chemicals are placed in separate 1.0 L containers. Container I Container II Container III Container IV H 2 , H 2O

Fe, FeO
H 2O, Fe H 2 , H 2O, FeO

In which container(s) will the equilibrium be established? A. B. C. D. Container III only Container IV only Containers I and II only Containers III and IV only

8. Consider the following:

? energy + 6CO 2 ( g ) + 6H 2O ( ) C6H12O6 ( s ) + 6 O 2 ( g )

Which of the following describes how enthalpy and entropy change in the forward direction? Enthalpy A. B. C. D. increases increases decreases decreases Entropy decreases increases increases decreases

Chemistry 12 1001 Form A

Page 5

9. Consider the following system at equilibrium: energy + N 2H 6CO 2 ( s ) 2NH 3 ( g ) + CO 2 ( g ) Which of the following is correct when the volume of the system is increased? Equilibrium Shift A. B. C. D. left left right right Amount of N 2H 6CO 2 increases no change decreases no change

10. Consider the following system at equilibrium: 2NO ( g ) + O 2 ( g ) 2NO 2 ( g ) Some O 2 is added to the equilibrium. Which of the following describes how the forward and reverse reaction rates change as a new equilibrium is being established? Forward Rate A. B. C. D. increases increases decreases decreases Reverse Rate decreases increases increases decreases

Page 6

Chemistry 12 1001 Form A

11. Consider the following equilibrium: NH 4 NO 2 ( s ) N 2 ( g ) + 2H 2O ( g ) Which of the following correctly represents the [ H 2O ] at equilibrium?

A.

[ H 2O ] =

K eq [N2 ]

B.

K [ H 2O ] = 1 eq 2 [ N2 ]

C.

[ H 2O ] =

K eq [ NH 4 NO 2 ] [N2 ]

D. [ H 2O ] =

K eq [ NH 4 NO 2 ] [N2 ]

12. Consider the following: I II III COCl 2 ( g ) CO ( g ) + Cl 2 ( g ) 2NO ( g ) N 2 ( g ) + O 2 ( g ) 2SO3 ( g ) 2SO 2 ( g ) + O 2 ( g )

K eq = 2.2 10 10 K eq = 2.4 103 K eq = 4.1 10 3

Which of the following correctly lists the equilibria in order from most favouring products to least favouring products? A. B. C. D. I, III, II II, I, III II, III, I III, II, I

Chemistry 12 1001 Form A

Page 7

13. Consider the equilibrium system: N 2 ( g ) + 3Cl 2 ( g ) 2NCl 3 ( g )

H = +460 kJ

Which of the following describes what happens when some NCl 3 is added? Equilibrium Shift A. B. C. D. right right left left Value of K eq remains constant increases remains constant decreases

14. Consider the following equilibrium: 2BN ( s ) + 3Cl 2 ( g ) 2BCl 3 ( g ) + N 2 ( g )

K eq = 1.6 10 3

At equilibrium, there were 0.30 mol BN , 0.20 mol BCl 3 and 0.10 mol N 2 in a 2.0 L container. How many moles of Cl 2 were present? A. B. C. D.

0.31mol 1.4 mol 2.7 mol 4.8 mol

15. Which solute will result in a molecular solution? A. B. C. D.

HCN Ba (OH)2 CH 3COOH CH 3CH2OH

Page 8

Chemistry 12 1001 Form A

16. Which best describes the equilibrium in a saturated solution? A. B. C. D. The rate of crystallization determines the solubility. The rate of crystallization equals the rate of dissolving. There is no solid solute on the bottom of the container. The solute is completely dissolved and the equilibrium favours the products.

17. Which compound will have a solubility greater than 0.1M at 25C ? A. SrS B. CoS C. D.

BaSO4 Ag2 SO 4

18. What is the net ionic equation for the reaction between 0.10 M Na 2S and 0.10 M Zn(NO 3 )2 ? A. B. C. Zn2 + (aq) + S2 (aq) ZnS(s)
+ Na (aq) + NO 3 (aq ) NaNO 3 (s)

Na 2S(aq) + Zn(NO 3 )2 (aq ) ZnS(s) + 2NaNO 3 (aq )

D. 2Na+ (aq) + S2 (aq) + Zn2+ (aq) + 2NO 3 (aq ) ZnS(s) + 2Na + (aq) + 2NO 3 (aq )

19. Which of the following correctly represents a K sp expression? A. K sp = Ag+ S2

2

B.

K sp

Ba 2 + NO3 = Ba ( NO ) 3 2
CaCO3 CO 2 CaO
Cu
2+

C.

K sp =

D. K sp =

1 2 Cl

Chemistry 12 1001 Form A

Page 9

20. What is the solubility of the salt PbSO 4 ? A. 3.2 10 B.

16 9 8

M M M M

9.0 10

C. 1.8 10 D. 1.3 10

21. What is the maximum [ I ] that can exist in a solution with [ Pb2 + ] = 8.5 10 3 M ? A. 2.0 10 6 M B. 1.0 10 6 M C.
5.0 10 4 M

D. 1.0 10 3 M

22. Which of the following occurs when a sample of 0.1M HNO 3 is tested? A. B. C. D. phenolphthalein turns pink bromthymol blue turns yellow Ca (s) reacts and produces CO2 (g) Na (s) reacts and produces NO 2 (g)

23. Given the equilibrium: HCO3 + NH 4+ H CO + NH 2 3 3

Which species is the Brnsted-Lowry base for the forward reaction? A. B. C. NH 3

NH 4+ HCO3

D. H 2 CO3

Page 10

Chemistry 12 1001 Form A

24. What is the conjugate acid for NH 2 in water? A. H 3O+ B. C.

NH 4 + NH 3
2

D. NH

25. What is a characteristic common to all strong acids? A. B. C. D. They ionize 100%. They are concentrated. They only react with strong bases. They have strong conjugate bases.

26. Which equation represents the behaviour of a strong Arrhenius base? A. CaO(s) + H2O( ) Ca (OH )2 (s) B. C. D. RbOH (aq) Rb+ (aq) + OH (aq)
2+ Co(OH)2 (s) Co (aq) + 2OH (aq )

Al(H2O)6

3+

(aq) + H2O( )

Al(H2O)5 (OH )

2+

(aq) + H 3O+ (aq )

27. Which of the following equations represents the ionization of water? A. H 2O ( ) H 2 ( aq ) + B. C.

1 2

O 2 ( aq )

H 2O ( ) H + ( aq ) + OH ( aq ) 2H 2O ( ) H 3O + ( aq ) + O 2 ( aq )

D. H 2O ( ) + H 2O ( ) H + ( aq ) + OH ( aq )

Chemistry 12 1001 Form A

Page 11

28. The ionization of water is endothermic. Which of the following is a reasonable value of K w if the temperature of water is greater than 25 C ? A. 1.2 1015 B.
0.81 1014

C. 1.0 1014 D. 2.0 1014

29. What is the pOH of 0.25 M HNO3 ? A. B. C. D. 4.0 10 14 0.60 0.60 13.40

30. What is the equilibrium constant expression for the predominant equilibrium in HPO 42 ( aq ) ?

A.

H O + PO 3 3 4 HPO 42
H 2PO 4 OH 2 HPO 4 HPO 42 ( aq ) + H 2O ( ) H 2PO 4 ( aq ) + OH ( aq )

B.

C.

D. HPO 42 ( aq ) + H 2O ( ) H 3O + ( aq ) + PO 43 ( aq )

Page 12

Chemistry 12 1001 Form A

31. Which of the following 0.10 M solutions would have the highest pH? A. H 2S B. C. HIO3 HNO 2

D. CH 3COOH

32. Which of the following describes the predominant hydrolysis reaction that occurs in KHCO3 ( aq ) ? A. KHCO3 ( aq ) K + ( aq ) + HCO3 ( aq ) B. C.
2 HCO3 ( aq ) + H 2 O ( ) H 3O + ( aq ) + CO 3 ( aq )

CO32 ( aq ) + H 2 O ( ) HCO3 ( aq ) + OH ( aq )

D. HCO3 ( aq ) + H 2 O ( ) H 2 CO3 ( aq ) + OH ( aq )

33. Which of the following represents an acidic salt solution? A. B. C. NH 3 ( aq ) NH 4 Cl ( aq ) NaNO3 ( aq )

D. K 2 CO3 ( aq )

34. A chemical indicator changes colour at its A. B. C. D. titration point. transition point. equivalence point. stoichiometric point.

Chemistry 12 1001 Form A

Page 13

35. A solution was tested with two indicators and the following results were obtained. Indicator chlorophenol red phenolphthalein Colour red pink

Which of the following could be the approximate pH of the solution? A. 6.0 B. 7.0 C. 9.2 D. 11.7

36. What is the complete ionic equation for the reaction of hydrochloric acid with NaOH ( aq ) ? A. H + ( aq ) + OH ( aq ) H 2 O ( ) B. C. HCl ( aq ) + NaOH ( aq ) NaCl ( aq ) + H 2 O ( )

HCl ( aq ) + NaOH ( aq ) + H 2 O ( ) NaCl ( aq ) + H 3O + ( aq ) + OH ( aq )

D. H + ( aq ) + Cl ( aq ) + Na + ( aq ) + OH ( aq ) Na + ( aq ) + Cl ( aq ) + H 2 O ( )

37. Consider the following buffer equilibrium system: HCN ( aq ) + H 2 O ( ) H 3O + ( aq ) + CN ( aq ) What is the net result of adding a small amount of HNO3 ? A. The pH increases slightly. B. The pH decreases slightly. C. The CN increases slightly. D. The HCN decreases slightly.

Page 14

Chemistry 12 1001 Form A

38. An oxide of which of the following elements will form a solution that acts only as a base? A. B. C. D. P N Li Zn

39. The reduced substance in a chemical reaction can best be described as a substance that A. B. C. D. is the reducing agent and loses electrons. is the reducing agent and gains electrons. is the oxidizing agent and loses electrons. is the oxidizing agent and gains electrons.

40. Consider the following redox equation: 3C3H8 O + K 2 Cr2 O 7 + 4H 2SO 4 3C3H 6 O + Cr2 ( SO 4 )3 + K 2SO 4 + 7H 2 O Which species is the oxidizing agent? A. C in C3H8 O B. C. H in C3H8 O O in C3H8 O

D. Cr in K 2 Cr2 O 7

41. How does the oxidation number of arsenic ( As ) change as As 4 reacts to form H 3 AsO 4 ? A. It decreases by 5. B. It increases by 5 4 . C. It increases by 5. D. It increases by 20.

Chemistry 12 1001 Form A

Page 15

42. Tests between metals X, Y and Z and their ions produced the following results:
X + Y + no reaction Y+ + Z Y + Z+

Which of the following describes the relative strengths of the oxidizing agents? A. B. C. D. X > Y > Z Z > Y > X

X+ > Y+ > Z+

Z+ > Y+ > X+

43. The following skeletal equation can be balanced in acidic solution: As 2 O3 AsH 3 Which of the following appear in the balanced equation? Electrons A. B. C. D. 3e 6e 9e 12e Water

3H O 2 2

3 H 2O
3H O 2 2

3 H 2O

44. A solution of H 2 O 2 is titrated with KMnO 4 ( aq ) according to the redox equation shown below:

5H 2 O 2 + 2MnO 4 + 6H + 5 O 2 + 2Mn 2 + + 8H 2 O
A 10.00 mL sample of H 2 O 2 is reacted with 13.5 mL of 0.0241 M KMnO 4 . What is the molarity of the H 2 O 2 solution? A. B. C. D.
Page 16

0.0130 M 0.0325 M 0.0346 M 0.0813 M

Chemistry 12 1001 Form A

45. Consider the following diagram of a standard electrochemical cell:

e
Volts

1.

M KNO
3

Metal X

Metal Z

1.0 M X(NO3)2

1.0 M Z(NO3)2

Which of the following is correct as the cell operates? Metal Z A. B. C. D. anode anode cathode cathode Anion Migration towards Metal X towards Metal Z towards Metal X towards Metal Z

Chemistry 12 1001 Form A

Page 17

Use the following diagram to answer questions 46, 47 and 48.

H2(g)

Volts

Pt (inert)

Porous Barrier

Ag

1.0 M HCl

1.0 M AgNO3

46. What is the cathode half-cell reaction? A. B. C.

Ag Ag+ + e Ag+ + e Ag

2H + + 2e H 2

D. 2Cl + 2e Cl 2

47. Which of the following is correct as the cell operates? Direction of Ag+ Migration A. B. C. D. towards Pt towards Pt towards Ag towards Ag pH Near the Pt Electrode increases decreases increases decreases

Page 18

Chemistry 12 1001 Form A

48. Which of the following is correct as the cell operates? Direction of Electron Flow A. B. C. D. from Ag to Pt from Ag to Pt from Pt to Ag from Pt to Ag Mass of Pt Electrode increases decreases decreases does not change

49. An iron pipeline can be protected from rusting by connecting it to A. B. C. D. a zinc nitrate solution. a silver nitrate solution. the positive terminal of a direct current power supply. the negative terminal of a direct current power supply.

50. Which of the following is the anode half-cell reaction for molten KBr ? A. K K + + e B. C. K+ + e K

2Br Br2 + 2e
1 2

D. H 2 O 2e + 2H + +

O2

You have Examination Booklet Form A. In the box above #1 on your Answer Sheet, ensure that you have filled in the bubble as follows.
Exam Booklet Form/ Cahier dexamen
A B C D E F G H

This is the end of the multiple-choice section. Answer the remaining questions in the Response Booklet.

Chemistry 12 1001 Form A

Page 19

PERIODIC TABLE OF THE ELEMENTS

4 7 8 9 16 17 12 13 14 15 5 6 10 11 18
2

Chemistry 12
14 14

Hydrogen

He
Helium

1.0

4.0 5 6 7 8 9 10

Si Si
Silicon Silicon

Li B
Boron Carbon

Be C
12.0 14

N
Nitrogen

O
Oxygen

F
Fluorine

Ne
Neon

Lithium

Beryllium

6.9 10.8 13

9.0

28.1 28.1

Atomic Number Symbol Name Atomic Mass

14.0 15

16.0 16

19.0 17

20.2 18

11

12

Na Al
Aluminum

Mg
27.0 22 25 27 30 26 28 29 23 24 31

Si
Silicon

P
Phosphorus

S
Sulphur

Cl
Chlorine

Ar
Argon

Sodium

Magnesium

23.0

24.3

28.1 32

31.0 33

32.1 34

35.5 35

39.9 36

19

20

21

K Mn Zn
Zinc Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper

Ca Fe
55.8 44 45 46 47 48 58.9 58.7 63.5 65.4

Sc Co Ni Cu
Titanium Vanadium Chromium

Ti
47.9 54.9 43 40 41 42 50.9 52.0

Cr

Ga
Gallium

Ge
Germanium

As
Arsenic

Se
Selenium

Br
Bromine

Kr
Krypton

Potassium

Calcium

Scandium

39.1

40.1

45.0

69.7 49

72.6 50

74.9 51

79.0 52

79.9 53

83.8 54

37

38

39

Rb Tc Ru
Ruthenium Rhodium Silver Palladium Technetium

Sr Rh
102.9 77 78 106.4 107.9 79

Y Pd Ag
Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum

Zr
91.2 (98) 75 76 101.1 72 73 74 92.9 95.9

Nb

Mo

Cd
Cadmium

In
Indium

Sn
Tin

Sb
Antimony

Te
Tellurium

I
Iodine

Xe
Xenon

Rubidium

Strontium

Yttrium

85.5

87.6

88.9

112.4 80

114.8 81

118.7 82

121.8 83

127.6 84

126.9 85

131.3 86

55

56

57

Cs Re Ir
Iridium Platinum Rhenium Osmium

Ba Os
190.2 108 109 192.2 195.1

La Pt
Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten

Hf
178.5 186.2 107 104 106 105 180.9 183.8

Ta

Au
Gold

Hg
Mercury

Tl
Thallium

Pb
Lead

Bi
Bismuth

Po
Polonium

At
Astatine

Rn
Radon

Cesium

Barium

Lanthanum

132.9

137.3

138.9

197.0

200.6

204.4

207.2

209.0

(209)

(210)

(222)

87

88

89

Fr Sg Hs
Hassium Seaborgium Bohrium

Ra Bh
(262) (265)
Dubnium

Ac
(261) (263) (262)

Rf

Db

Mt
Meitnerium

Francium

Radium

Actinium

Rutherfordium

(223)

(226)

(227)

(266)

58 59 60

61

62

63

64

65

66

67

68

69

70

71

Ce Pr
Praseodymium Cerium

Nd
Neodymium

Pm
Promethium

Sm
Samarium

Eu
Europium

Gd
Gadolinium

Tb
Terbium

Dy
Dysprosium

Ho
Holmium

Er
Erbium

Tm
Thulium

Yb
Ytterbium

Lu
Lutetium

Based on mass of C12 at 12.00.

140.1 140.9 91 90

144.2 92

(145) 93

150.4 94

152.0 95

157.3 96

158.9 97

162.5 98

164.9 99

167.3 100

168.9 101

173.0 102

175.0 103

Th
Thorium

Pa
Protactinium

U
Uranium

Np
Neptunium

Pu
Plutonium

Am
Americium

Cm
Curium

Bk
Berkelium

Cf
Californium

Es
Einsteinium

Fm
Fermium

Md
Mendelevium

No
Nobelium

Lr
Lawrencium

Values in parentheses are the masses of the most stable or best known isotopes for elements which do not occur naturally.
232.0

Data Page 1

231.0

238.0

(237)

(244)

(243)

(247)

(247)

(251)

(252)

(257)

(258)

(259)

(262)

ATOMIC MASSES OF THE ELEMENTS

Based on mass of C12 at 12.00. Values in parentheses are the mass number of the most stable or best known isotopes for elements that do not occur naturally.
Element Actinium Aluminum Americium Antimony Argon Arsenic Astatine Barium Berkelium Beryllium Bismuth Boron Bromine Cadmium Calcium Californium Carbon Cerium Cesium Chlorine Chromium Cobalt Copper Curium Dubnium Dysprosium Einsteinium Erbium Europium Fermium Fluorine Francium Gadolinium Gallium Germanium Gold Hafnium Helium Holmium Hydrogen Indium Iodine Iridium Iron Krypton Lanthanum Lawrencium Lead Lithium Lutetium Magnesium Manganese Mendelevium
Data Page 2

Symbol Ac Al Am Sb Ar As At Ba Bk Be Bi B Br Cd Ca Cf C Ce Cs Cl Cr Co Cu Cm Db Dy Es Er Eu Fm F Fr Gd Ga Ge Au Hf He Ho H In I Ir Fe Kr La Lr Pb Li Lu Mg Mn Md

Atomic Number 89 13 95 51 18 33 85 56 97 4 83 5 35 48 20 98 6 58 55 17 24 27 29 96 105 66 99 68 63 100 9 87 64 31 32 79 72 2 67 1 49 53 77 26 36 57 103 82 3 71 12 25 101

Atomic Mass (227) 27.0 (243) 121.8 39.9 74.9 (210) 137.3 (247) 9.0 209.0 10.8 79.9 112.4 40.1 (251) 12.0 140.1 132.9 35.5 52.0 58.9 63.5 (247) (262) 162.5 (252) 167.3 152.0 (257) 19.0 (223) 157.3 69.7 72.6 197.0 178.5 4.0 164.9 1.0 114.8 126.9 192.2 55.8 83.8 138.9 (262) 207.2 6.9 175.0 24.3 54.9 (258)

Element Mercury Molybdenum Neodymium Neon Neptunium Nickel Niobium Nitrogen Nobelium Osmium Oxygen Palladium Phosphorus Platinum Plutonium Polonium Potassium Praseodymium Promethium Protactinium Radium Radon Rhenium Rhodium Rubidium Ruthenium Rutherfordium Samarium Scandium Selenium Silicon Silver Sodium Strontium Sulphur Tantalum Technetium Tellurium Terbium Thallium Thorium Thulium Tin Titanium Tungsten Uranium Vanadium Xenon Ytterbium Yttrium Zinc Zirconium

Symbol Hg Mo Nd Ne Np Ni Nb N No Os O Pd P Pt Pu Po K Pr Pm Pa Ra Rn Re Rh Rb Ru Rf Sm Sc Se Si Ag Na Sr S Ta Tc Te Tb Tl Th Tm Sn Ti W U V Xe Yb Y Zn Zr

Atomic Number 80 42 60 10 93 28 41 7 102 76 8 46 15 78 94 84 19 59 61 91 88 86 75 45 37 44 104 62 21 34 14 47 11 38 16 73 43 52 65 81 90 69 50 22 74 92 23 54 70 39 30 40

Atomic Mass 200.6 95.9 144.2 20.2 (237) 58.7 92.9 14.0 (259) 190.2 16.0 106.4 31.0 195.1 (244) (209) 39.1 140.9 (145) 231.0 (226) (222) 186.2 102.9 85.5 101.1 (261) 150.4 45.0 79.0 28.1 107.9 23.0 87.6 32.1 180.9 (98) 127.6 158.9 204.4 232.0 168.9 118.7 47.9 183.8 238.0 50.9 131.3 173.0 88.9 65.4 91.2
Chemistry 12

NAMES, FORMULAE, AND CHARGES OF SOME COMMON IONS

* Aqueous solutions are readily oxidized by air. ** Not stable in aqueous solutions.
Positive Ions (Cations) Al3+ NH4+ Ba2+ Ca2+ Cr2+ Cr3+ Cu+ Cu2+ H+ H3O+ Fe2+ Fe3+ Pb2+ Aluminum Ammonium Barium Calcium Chromium(II), chromous Chromium(III), chromic Copper(I)*, cuprous Copper(II), cupric Hydrogen Hydronium Iron(II)*, ferrous Iron(III), ferric Lead(II), plumbous Negative Ions (Anions) Br CO32 ClO3 Cl ClO2 CrO42 CN Cr2O72 H2PO4 CH3COO F HCO3 HC2O4 HSO4 HS HSO3
Chemistry 12

Pb4+ Li+ Mg2+ Mn2+ Mn4+ Hg22+ Hg2+ K+ Ag+ Na+ Sn2+ Sn4+ Zn2+

Lead(IV), plumbic Lithium Magnesium Manganese(II), manganous Manganese(IV) Mercury(I)*, mercurous Mercury(II), mercuric Potassium Silver Sodium Tin(II)*, stannous Tin(IV), stannic Zinc

Bromide Carbonate Chlorate Chloride Chlorite Chromate Cyanide Dichromate Dihydrogen phosphate Ethanoate, acetate Fluoride Hydrogen carbonate, bicarbonate Hydrogen oxalate, binoxalate Hydrogen sulphate, bisulphate Hydrogen sulphide, bisulphide Hydrogen sulphite, bisulphite

OH ClO I HPO42 NO3 NO2 C2O42 O2 ClO4 MnO4 PO4? SO42 S2 SO32 SCN

Hydroxide Hypochlorite Iodide Monohydrogen phosphate Nitrate Nitrite Oxalate Oxide** Perchlorate Permanganate Phosphate Sulphate Sulphide Sulphite Thiocyanate

Data Page 

SOLUBILITY OF COMMON COMPOUNDS IN WATER

The term soluble here means > 0.1 mol/L at 25C.
Negative Ions (Anions) All Positive Ions (Cations) Alkali ions: Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+, Cs+, Fr+ Solubility of Compounds Soluble

All

Hydrogen ion: H+

Soluble

All

Ammonium ion: NH4+

Soluble

Nitrate, NO3 Chloride, Cl Bromide, Br Iodide, I

All

Soluble

14243

or or

All others Ag+, Pb2+, Cu+ All others Ag+, Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+, Pb2+ Alkali ions, H+, NH4+, Be2+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+ All others

Soluble Low Solubility Soluble Low Solubility Soluble Low Solubility Soluble Low Solubility

Sulphate,

SO42

Sulphide, S

123

123 123 14253

Hydroxide, OH

Alkali ions, H+, NH4+, Sr2+ ? All others

or or

Phosphate, PO43 Carbonate, CO3 Sulphite, SO32

Alkali ions, H+, NH4+ All others

Soluble Low Solubility

Data Page 

Chemistry 12

SOLUBILITY PRODUCT CONSTANTS AT 25C

Name Barium carbonate Barium chromate Barium sulphate Calcium carbonate Calcium oxalate Calcium sulphate Copper(I) iodide Copper(II) iodate Copper(II) sulphide Iron(II) hydroxide Iron(II) sulphide Iron(III) hydroxide Lead(II) bromide Lead(II) chloride Lead(II) iodate Lead(II) iodide Lead(II) sulphate Magnesium carbonate Magnesium hydroxide Silver bromate Silver bromide Silver carbonate Silver chloride Silver chromate Silver iodate Silver iodide Strontium carbonate Strontium fluoride Strontium sulphate Zinc sulphide Formula BaCO3 BaCrO4 BaSO4 CaCO3 CaC2O4 CaSO4 CuI Cu(IO3)2 CuS Fe(OH)2 FeS Fe(OH)3 PbBr2 PbCl2 Pb(IO3)2 PbI2 PbSO4 MgCO3 Mg(OH)2 AgBrO3 AgBr Ag2CO3 AgCl Ag2CrO4 AgIO3 AgI SrCO3 SrF2 SrSO4 ZnS K sp 2.6 109 1.2 1010 1.1 1010 5.0 109 2.3 109 7.1 105 1.3 1012 6.9 108 6.0 1037 4.9 1017 6.0 1019 2.6 1039 6.6 106 1.2 105 3.7 1013 8.5 109 1.8 108 6.8 106 5.6 1012 5.3 105 5.4 1013 8.5 1012 1.8 1010 1.1 1012 3.2 108 8.5 1017 5.6 1010 4.3 109 3.4 107 2.0 1025

Chemistry 12

Data Page 

RELATIVE STRENGTHS OF BRNSTED-LOWRY ACIDS AND BASES

in aqueous solution at room temperature. Name of Acid Acid Base + ClO 4 + I + Br + Cl + NO 3 + HSO 4 + H2O Ka very very very very very very 1.0 large large large large large large
WEAK

Perchloric Hydriodic Hydrobromic Hydrochloric Nitric Sulphuric Hydronium Ion Iodic Oxalic Sulphurous (SO 2 + H 2 O) Hydrogen sulphate ion Phosphoric Hexaaquoiron ion, iron( III ) ion Citric Nitrous

HClO 4 HI HBr HCl HNO 3 H 2 SO 4 H 3O + HIO 3 H2C2O4 H 2 SO 3 HSO 4 H 3 PO 4 Fe(H 2 O)6 3 + H 3C 6 H 5 O 7 HNO 2 HF HCOOH Cr(H 2 O)6 3 + C 6 H 5COOH HC 2 O 4 CH 3COOH H 2 C 6 H 5O 7 Al(H 2 O)6 3 + H 2 CO 3 HC 6 H 5O 7 2 HSO 3 H 2S H 2 PO 4 H 3 BO 3 NH 4 + HCN C 6 H 5OH HCO 3 H2O2 HPO 4 2 H2O OH NH 3

H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ H+

STRONG

H + + IO 3 H + + HC O 2 4 H + + HSO H + + SO 4 H + + H PO 2 4 H + + Fe(H O) (OH)2 + 2 5 H+ + H C H O

2 3 2

1.7 10 1 5.9 10 2 1.5 10 2 1.2 10 2 7.5 10 3 6.0 10 3 7.1 10 4 4.6 10 4 3.5 10 4 1.8 10 4 1.5 10 4 6.5 10 5 6.4 10 5 1.8 10 5 1.7 10 5 1.4 10 5 4.3 10 7 4.1 10 7 1.0 10 7 9.1 10 8 6.2 10 8 7.3 10 10 5.6 10 10 4.9 10 10 1.3 10 10 5.6 10 11 2.4 10 12 2.2 10 13 1.0 10 14 very small very small

STRENGTH OF ACID

Hydrofluoric Methanoic, formic Hexaaquochromium ion, chromium( III ) ion Benzoic Hydrogen oxalate ion Ethanoic, acetic Dihydrogen citrate ion Hexaaquoaluminum ion, aluminum ion Carbonic (CO 2 + H 2 O) Monohydrogen citrate ion Hydrogen sulphite ion Hydrogen sulphide Dihydrogen phosphate ion Boric Ammonium ion Hydrocyanic Phenol Hydrogen carbonate ion Hydrogen peroxide Monohydrogen phosphate ion Water Hydroxide ion Ammonia

H + + NO 2 H+ + F H + + HCOO

6 5

H + + Cr(H O) (OH)2 + 2 5 H + + C H COO 6 5 H+ + C O 2

2 4

STRENGTH OF BASE

H + + CH COO 3 H + + HC H O 2 6 5 7 H + + Al(H O) (OH)2 +

2 5

H + + HCO 3 H + + C H O 3 6 5 7 H + + SO 2 3 H + + HS H + + HPO 2 4 H + + H BO 2 3 H + + NH H + + CN H+ + C H O 6 5 H + + CO 2
3 3

H + + HO 2 H + + PO 3 4 H + + OH H + + O2 H + NH 2
+

WEAK

STRONG

Data Page 

Chemistry 12

ACID-BASE INDICATORS
Indicator Methyl violet Thymol blue Orange IV Methyl orange Bromcresol green Methyl red Chlorophenol red Bromthymol blue Phenol red Neutral red Thymol blue Phenolphthalein Thymolphthalein Alizarin yellow Indigo carmine pH Range in Which Colour Change Occurs 0.0 1.6 1.2 2.8 1.4 2.8 3.2 4.4 3.8 5.4 4.8 6.0 5.2 6.8 6.0 7.6 6.6 8.0 6.8 8.0 8.0 9.6 8.2 10.0 9.4 10.6 10.1 12.0 11.4 13.0 Colour Change as pH Increases yellow to blue red to yellow red to yellow red to yellow yellow to blue red to yellow yellow to red yellow to blue yellow to red red to amber yellow to blue colourless to pink colourless to blue yellow to red blue to yellow

Chemistry 12

Data Page 

STANDARD REDUCTION POTENTIALS OF HALF-CELLS

Ionic concentrations are at 1M in water at 25C. Oxidizing Agents
F2 (g) + 2 e S2 O 8
2

Reducing Agents
2F 2SO 2 4 2H O Mn + 4H O 2 Au(s) 1 Br (l) + 3H O
2 2 2 2 2+

E (Volts)
+ 2.87

WEAK

STRONG

+ 2e

+ 2.01 +1.78 +1.51 +1.50 +1.48 +1.39 +1.36 +1.23 +1.23 +1.22 +1.20 +1.09 +1.00 + 0.96 + 0.85 + 0.82 + 0.80 + 0.80 + 0.80

H 2 O 2 + 2H + + 2e MnO 4 + 8H + + 5e Au 3+ + 3e BrO 3 + 6H + + 5e ClO 4 + 8H + + 8e Cl 2 (g) + 2 e Cr2 O 7 2 + 14H + + 6e

1 2

Cl + 4H O 2 2Cl 2Cr 3+ + 7H O
2

O 2 (g) + 2 H + + 2 e IO 3 + 6H + + 5e Br2 (l) + 2 e AuCl 4 + 3e NO 3 + 4H + + 3e Hg 2 + + 2 e

MnO 2 (s) + 4H + + 2 e

H O 2 Mn 2 + + 2 H O 2 1 I (s) + 3H O
2 2 2

2 Br Au(s) + 4Cl NO(g) + 2 H O

2

Overpotential Effect

1 2

O 2 (g) + 2 H + (10 7 M ) + 2 e 2 NO 3 + 4H + + 2 e Ag + + e
1 2

Hg 2 2 + + e Fe 3+ + e

STRENGTH OF OXIDIZING AGENT

Hg(l) H O 2 N O + 2H O 2 4 2 Ag(s) Hg(l) Fe 2 +

STRENGTH OF REDUCING AGENT

+ 0.77 + 0.70 + 0.60 + 0.54 + 0.52 + 0.45 + 0.34 + 0.17 + 0.15 + 0.15 + 0.14 + 0.00 0.13 0.14 0.26 0.28 0.28 0.40 0.41 0.41 0.45 0.69 0.74 0.76 0.79 0.83 1.19 1.66 2.37 2.71 2.87 2.89 2.91 2.93 2.98 3.03 3.04

O 2 (g) + 2 H + + 2 e MnO 4 + 2 H 2 O + 3e I 2 (s) + 2 e Cu + + e H 2 SO 3 + 4H + + 4e Cu 2 + + 2 e SO 4 2 + 4H + + 2 e Cu

2+

H O 2 2 MnO (s) + 4OH 2 2I Cu(s) S(s) + 3H O 2 Cu(s) H SO + H O 2 3 2 Cu + Sn 2 +

+e

Sn 4 + + 2 e S(s) + 2 H + + 2 e 2H + + 2e Pb 2 + + 2 e Sn 2 + + 2 e Ni 2 + + 2 e H 3 PO 4 + 2 H + + 2 e Co 2 + + 2 e Se(s) + 2 H + + 2 e Cr 3+ + e 2H 2 O + 2e Fe
2+

H S(g) 2 H (g) 2 Pb(s)

Sn(s) Ni(s) H PO + H O 3 3 2 Co(s) H Se Cr H + 2 OH (10 7 M ) 2 Fe(s) 2 Ag(s) + S2 Cr(s) Zn(s) H Te 2 H (g) + 2 OH

2 2 2+

Overpotential Effect

+ 2e

Ag 2 S(s) + 2 e Cr 3+ + 3e Zn 2 + + 2 e Te(s) + 2 H + + 2 e 2H 2 O + 2e Mn 2 + + 2 e Al 3+ + 3e Mg 2 + + 2 e Na + + e Ca
2+

Mn(s) Al(s) Mg(s) Na(s) Ca(s) Sr(s) Ba(s) K(s) Rb(s) Cs(s) Li(s)

+ 2e

Sr 2 + + 2 e Ba 2 + + 2 e K+ + e Rb + + e Cs + + e Li + + e

STRONG

Data Page 

WEAK

Chemistry 12

MINISTRY USE ONLY

MINISTRY USE ONLY

Question 1 0 1 2 3 4 (.5) NR

Question 2 0
Place Personal Education Number (PEN) here.

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Course Code = CH 2009/10 Released Exam January 2010

Exam Booklet Form/ , Cahier d examen
A B C D E F G

12
Question 5 0
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(.5) NR

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Student Instructions 1. Place your Personal Education Number (PEN) label at the top of this Booklet AND fill in the bubble (Form A, B, C, D, E, F, G or H) that corresponds to the letter on your Examination Booklet. 2. Use a pencil to fill in bubbles when answering questions on your Answer Sheet. 3. Use a pencil or blue- or black-ink pen when answering written-response questions in this Booklet. 4. Read the Examination Rules on the back of this Booklet.

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Question 8 0 1 2 3 (.5) NR

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Version 0601.1

MINISTRY USE ONLY

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Course Code = CH 12

Chemistry 12
2009/10 Released Exam JANUARY 2010 Response Booklet
Instructions:

Answer the following questions in the space provided in this Response Booklet. You are expected to communicate your knowledge and understanding of chemical principles in a clear and logical manner. Your steps and assumptions leading to a solution must be written in this Response Booklet. Answers must include units where appropriate and be given to the correct number of significant figures. For questions involving calculations, full marks will NOT be given for providing only an answer.

Province of British Columbia

PART B: WRITTEN RESPONSE Value: 37.5% of the examination Suggested Time: 40 minutes

1. (4 marks) Consider the following reaction mechanism:

Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Overall Reaction

HBr + O 2 HOOBr
HOOBr + HBr 2HOBr

slow fast fast

2 ( HOBr + HBr H 2 O + Br2 )

Write the equation for the overall reaction. Given that the overall reaction is exothermic, sketch a PE diagram for the mechanism on the axis provided.

PE
(kJ)

Reaction time

Chemistry 12 1001 Response Booklet

Page 1

2. (4 marks) Consider the following equilibrium:

2H 2 ( g ) + S2 ( g ) 2H 2S ( g )
Initially, 9.0 10 4 mol S2 and 1.1 10 2 mol H 2S are placed in a 1.0 L container. At equilibrium, there is 8.6 10 3 mol H 2S present. Calculate K eq .

Page 2

Chemistry 12 1001 Response Booklet

3. (4 marks) Will a precipitate form when 10.0 mL of 1.0 M Pb ( NO3 ) 2 is mixed with 40.0 mL of
2.0 10 2 M NaCl ? Justify your answer.

Chemistry 12 1001 Response Booklet

Page 3

4. (3 marks) For the reactant pair KHC 2 O 4 and Na 2HPO 4 , write the net ionic equation for the predominant equilibrium that will be established. Predict whether the equilibrium will favour reactants or products and explain why.

Page 4

Chemistry 12 1001 Response Booklet

5. (5 marks) Calculate the initial concentration of an NH 4 NO3 salt solution that has a pH = 4.70 . Begin by writing the equation for the predominant equilibrium reaction.

Chemistry 12 1001 Response Booklet

Page 5

6. (3 marks) A 10.00 mL sample of H 2 SO 4 is titrated with 0.50 M KOH in three separate trials and the results are tabulated below. Trial 1 2 3 Calculate the concentration of the H 2 SO 4 . Volume of 0.50 M KOH

20.30 mL 19.10 mL 18.90 mL

Page 6

Chemistry 12 1001 Response Booklet

7. (4 marks) Balance the following redox equation in acidic solution:

ClO 4 + I 2 + H 2 PO 4 Cl 2 + IPO 4

(acidic)

Chemistry 12 1001 Response Booklet

Page 7

8. (3 marks) Consider the electrolysis of an ionic solution as shown in the diagram.

e
DC Power Source

Pt (inert)

Cu

Ionic Solution

Bubbles appear around the inert electrode and a shiny metal coating appears on the copper electrode. Give an example of one of the possible ionic solutions that could be used. Provide a set of corresponding half reactions which would explain these results. Ionic Solution: Half-reaction at the Pt electrode: Half-reaction at the Cu electrode:

Page 8

Chemistry 12 1001 Response Booklet

Examination Rules 1. The time allotted for this examination is two hours. You may, however, take up to 60 minutes of additional time to finish. 2. Answers entered in the Examination Booklet will not be marked. 3. Cheating on an examination will result in a mark of zero. The Ministry of Education considers cheating to have occurred if students break any of the following rules: Students must not be in possession of or have used any secure examination materials prior to the examination session. Students must not communicate with other students during the examination. Students must not give or receive assistance of any kind in answering an examination question during an examination, including allowing their papers to be viewed by others or copying answers from another students paper. Students must not possess any book, paper or item that might assist in writing an examination, including a dictionary or piece of electronic equipment, that is not specifically authorized for the examination by ministry policy. Students must not copy, plagiarize or present as their own, work done by any other person. Students must immediately follow the invigilators order to stop writing at the end of the examination time and must not alter an Examination Booklet, Response Booklet or Answer Sheet after the invigilator has asked students to hand in examination papers. Students must not remove any piece of the examination materials from the examination room, including work pages. 4. The use of inappropriate language or content may result in a mark of zero being awarded. 5. Upon completion of the examination, return all examination materials to the supervising invigilator.