““AÑO DE LA UNIDAD, LA PAZ Y EL DESARROLLO 

FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS EMPRESARIALES

ESCUELA PROFESIONAL DE CONTABILIDAD

Informe de ingles

contabilidad

Curso: macroeconomía

profesor: Russel Alberto Flores Lozano

Autor: alberca jimenez Carmen

CIUDAD DE FILIAL LIMA NORTE – PERU

2023
Macroeconomic fluctuations

Macroeconomic fluctuations are changes in the general level of economic

activity, which can be positive or negative. These changes can be caused by
various factors, such as monetary policy, fiscal policy, external shocks, and the
expectations of economic agents.

Macroeconomic fluctuations involves evaluating the causes and consequences

of these changes in the economy. For example, if there is an economic
recession, it is important to analyze the underlying causes of the recession,
such as a decline in aggregate demand or a contraction in business investment.
it is important to evaluate the government policies that are implemented to deal
with these fluctuations. For example, if a government decides to implement a
fiscal stimulus program to counteract an economic recession, it is important to
analyze whether these policies are effective and whether they have unwanted
side effects.
Macroeconomic fluctuations are one of the most important topics in economic
analysis, since they have a significant impact on people's lives and on the
functioning of the economy as a whole. In this critical analysis, the different
factors that contribute to macroeconomic fluctuations, as well as the policies
usen to address them, will be examined.

Causes of macroeconomic fluctuations

Macroeconomic fluctuations can be caused by a variety of factors. One of the

main factors is the business cycle, which refers to the regular fluctuations in
economic activity that occur over time. These business cycles can be caused by
changes in aggregate demand, which refers to the total amount of goods and
services that are purchased in an economy.
Another important factor that can contribute to macroeconomic fluctuations is
the change in the prices of goods and services. If prices rise, this can reduce
demand and negatively affect production and employment. Additionally, interest
rates can also have a significant impact on the economy. If interest rates are
high, this can discourage investment and consumption, which can lead to a
decline in production and employment.
Government policies can also have a significant impact on macroeconomic
fluctuations. Fiscal policies, such as increased government spending or lower
taxes, can stimulate aggregate demand and promote economic growth.
Monetary policies, such as lowering interest rates or increasing the amount of
money in circulation, can also have a significant impact on the economy.
Consequences of macroeconomic fluctuations

Macroeconomic fluctuations can have important consequences for the economy

and society in general. For example, an economic downturn can lead to
increased unemployment, decreased production, and a drop in income.
Furthermore, macroeconomic fluctuations can also have a significant impact on
the distribution of income and wealth.

On the other hand, sustained economic growth can lead to greater prosperity
and well-being for the population. Economic growth can increase people's
employment, income and standard of living. In addition, economic growth can
also have a positive impact on reducing poverty and inequality.
Policies to address macroeconomic fluctuations
To deal with macroeconomic fluctuations, governments and central banks often
implement economic policies. These policies can include fiscal measures, such
as increasing government spending or reducing taxes, or monetary measures,
such as changing interest rates or the amount of money in circulation.
However, the effectiveness of these policies may be limited by several factors.
For example, fiscal policies may be constrained by the availability of fiscal
resources and the government's ability to finance public spending. In addition,
monetary policies may be constrained by the availability of credit and the ability
of banks to lend money.

Therefore, it is important that policy makers carefully consider the

consequences of economic policies and assess their effectiveness in dealing
with macroeconomic fluctuations. In addition, it is important that greater
transparency and accountability in economic decision-making be encouraged to
ensure that informed and responsible decisions are made