tutorial

"

( ) a
we Bnow this is an iso thermal process .

bo ,
we con hnow tuat the T doesi' t
chage .

we Rnow that

DU = D ω + D Q

1 Δ ⽐ = Ʃ N KBDT for this

question ue Karow

doesi ' t
that T
change .
S 0 Dr =
0

= 3 DU =
O

O = Dw + DQ = Ow = -

DQ

aud know VKBT

we that
PV
=

=
P
=
NKBT / O

and iw = -

S p
do

we rnow T .
=
TE = cou stant ,

fdo
T T ue let T
11 = =
Tz
) 答 .
≈ σ w = -

=
?

⼆ -
NkBT , Joi i =
do = -

OkmT . lno 10 ,

UknT ( ln ) 点
0 … "
ln
vk π l
-

=
.
-
=
-
and 幽
0vkiQ = ow =

Cb) huow this is isobaric

we an
process .

3So we can prow P is a

coustaat .

we kow ow = -
Spdo 11
p
is a constawc

=
-

PJoido
= -

P ( Uz 0 -

and Dl = Dw + oQ = ) DQ = Du -
Dw

)
17 DU NKBOT (π =
E =
ENkn -

= DQ =
Evks (T -
T

, ) + P ( Ur -
0

)
+ =Ʃ P
0 vkm (Tz τ )
|> ( Uz ω ) DQ
-

σ w =
-
-

Cc ) ue hnow this is iso choric

a process
= can hrow U is a Con
ve
gtaat

ue know ow =

Spdo Surpdv
-

= -

Joir
U2
Because U =
conseant = pdo 0
=
.
-

So =
0w = O

aud DU = Dw tOQ = OtOQ ≈

EQ

Dl =
OQ
 DU = E NKBOT =
Ʃ NKB ( E -
T , ) =
DQ

DW
o Ʃ
Q k = O Δ =

ld we huonthisase inan adiabaric

process ,
It means no heat transfer .

So DQ 2 O

P Vr
and we prow =
constane .

r
por
Z
7 =
P ,
0
,
=
P 2
2 = constant

11 ad γ= 器 =

杂
aud we know thet

ow =
-

Spdo
11 we
know por = P
, v
,
σ

= p

器
=
P

= ow =

P箭
-do f

vir Jo , " i,) i

-*
P, ,
r
= P
⼀

的
-

⼀ do u

-
"

= -

P ,
vi
^

( ≈ ] [ vi- v
"]
 π)
r "

)
r "
r

= P ,
v, ( ( o: -
0 ,

vir )
, , ir "
= ( π" ) ( P
,v σ +

- P
,v r0

+
(π " ) rvir )
,
= ( P
,v
"

-P ,v

11 P , u,
r
=
P 2
Uzr
+

= ( πi ) ( 2 vir Uir
-

R u"]
,

= ( ≈ ) ( Pu
-

P ,
v
, )

11 we nnow PV =
NKBT

3 o we con Inow

P 。
V, = NK 以 T
, ,
P 2
E =
NKmh

= ( ≈ ) ( µ kBh - NkT )

1"
γ=
哔 = H = γ -

1 =
E
≥ () ] Nkm ( τ -
π )

=
五 vkB (z -

π
)
2
we know that

γ= 。
For CB
1 ue know the

cp =

[10
So Q = E NKB T + PO

and Po =
KB NT

= Q = E NKBT + NKBT

⼆过
L INKBT

= (1
so
Cp πikm
[) E p

For Co we Know the

ω= ( 喂 )0

Q = I
vKB T
So
0 =
装个 =
过 Nks

= r
= 怎⼆进 1 vkm

≡
++
= 1 = HF =

= γ= 怎 =
2