QB U4 Update2020 Eng

Question Bank Update 2020
Unit 4 Cells, Human Reproduction and Heredity
Multiple-choice
|!|ASECM0040100199|!|
The diagrams below show six different types of cells.
U V W
X Y Z
Which of the following combinations about the classification of the cells is correct?
Animal cell Plant cell

A. U, V, W X, Y, Z
B. U, W, X, Y V, Z
C. W, X, Y U, V, Z
D. W, X U, V, Y, Z

##B##
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Aristo Science for the New Century

© Aristo Educational Press Ltd. 2020 -47-
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|!|ASECM0040100200|!|
The diagram below shows the chromosomes in the body cells of a person who suffers
from chromosomal disorder.
1 2 3 4 5
6 7 8 9 10 11 12
13 14 15 16 17 18
19 20 21 22 X X Y
Which of the following correctly shows the sex chromosomes of this person?
A. XX
B. XXY
C. XY
D. XYY 
##B##
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|!|ASECM0040100201|!|
A girl suffers from a chromosomal disorder. The diagram below shows the
chromosomes found in her body cells.
1 2 3 4 5 6
7 8 9 10 11 12
13 14 15 16 17 18
19 20 21 22 X X
In which of the following chromosome pairs does the disorder occur?

A. 13
B. 18
C. 21
D. 23 
##B##
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|!|ASECM0040100202|!|
Which of the following statements about cell division is/are correct?
(1) Both animal cells and plant cells can undergo cell division.
(2) The daughter cells contain the same genetic materials as the original cell.
(3) The daughter cells cannot divide again after one cell division.
A. (1) only
B. (3) only
C. (1) and (2) only
D. (2) and (3) only 
##C##
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|!|ASECM0040200203|!| [E] (Units 4 & 7)

Directions: Questions (a) and (b) refer to the following information.
The diagram below shows the human lungs.
(a) In which levels of organization do the lungs belong to?

A. Cell
B. Organ
C. System
D. Tissue 
(b) Which of the following statements about the lungs are correct?
(1) They are surrounded by the ribs.
(2) A large number of air sacs can be found inside the lungs.
(3) They are part of the breathing system.
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3) 
##(a) B, (b) D##
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|!|ASECM0040300204|!|
The diagram below shows the female reproductive system.
Which of the following CANNOT occur if Y on both sides are removed from surgery?
(1) Producing sex hormones
(2) Producing ova
(3) Having menstruation
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3) 
##D##
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|!|ASECM0040400205|!| [E]
Which of the following is NOT a birth control method by preventing the sperms from
reaching the ovum?
A. B.

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C. D.

##C##
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|!|ASECM0040500206|!|
The photo below shows a pair of identical twins.
Which of the following statements about identical twins is INCORRECT?

A. They develop from the same zygote.
B. They have the same genetic materials.
C. They can have some variations in features when they grow up.
D. They may be of the same gender or different genders. 
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Short question
|!|ASESM0040500082|!| [E]
Structure Y contains the genetic materials that determine what features we inherit
from our parents.
(a) In which part of the cell can structure Y be found? (1 mark)

_________________________________________________________________
(b) There are different bases found on the two strands of structure Y. If these two
strands contain 30% A, then what are the percentages of C, G and T on the
strands respectively? (3 marks)
_________________________________________________________________
(c) The sequence of bases on structure Y encodes the instructions for making
different proteins in the body. State TWO functions of proteins in our body.
(2 marks)
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
##
(a) Nucleus (1m)
(b) C: 20% (1m)
G: 20% (1m)
T: 30% (1m)
(c) They are structural materials that make up cells and tissues. (1m)
They can be enzymes and hormones that regulate cell activities. (1m)
##
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|!|ASESM0040500083|!| [E]
The table below shows how a triplet code encodes for a certain type of protein.
Second base
T C A G
TTT Phe TCT Ser TAT Tyr TGT Cys T
TTC Phe TCC Ser TAC Tyr TGC Cys C
T
TTA Leu TCA Ser TAA TGA A
TTG Leu TCG Ser TAG TGG Trp G
CTT Leu CCT Pro CAT His CGT Arg T
CTC Leu CCC Pro CAC His CGC Arg C
C
CTA Leu CCA Pro CAA Gln CGA Arg A
First CTG Leu CCG Pro CAG Gln CGG Arg G Third
base ATT Ile ACT Thr AAT Asn AGT Ser T base
ATC Ile ACC Thr AAC Asn AGC Ser C
A
ATA Ile ACA Thr AAA Lys AGA Arg A
ATG Met ACG Thr AAG Lys AGG Arg G
GTT Val GCT Ala GAT Asp GGT Gly T
GTC Val GCC Ala GAC Asp GGC Gly C
G
GTA Val GCA Ala GAA Glu GGA Gly A
GTG Val GCG Ala GAG Glu GGG Gly G
(Note: Phe, Ser, Tyr, Cys and etc. are the short form of the units making up proteins.)
For the sequences of bases below, state the proteins that are produced.
(a) CTTATGTATAGACAT (2 marks)
– – – –
(b) TGGGAACCTGGTAGC (2 marks)
– – – –
##
(a) Leu – Met – Tyr – Arg – His (2m)
(b) Trp – Glu – Pro – Gly – Ser (2m)
##
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Long question
|!|ASELM0040300072|!| [E] (Units 4 & 7)

The diagrams below show the female reproductive system and a ciliated cell (纖毛細
胞).
cilia
Female reproductive system Ciliated cell

Ciliated cells can be found in the female reproductive system. They help move the
ovum along part of the female reproductive system.
(a) In which part of the female reproductive system are the ciliated cells likely to be
found? (1 mark)
_________________________________________________________________
(b) There are many cilia ( 纖毛 ) on the ciliated cells. Describe how the cilia help
move the ovum. (1 mark)
_________________________________________________________________
(c) The ciliated cells can also be found in another system in the human body.
(i) Name that system. (1 mark)
_____________________________________________________________
(ii) What is the function of the ciliated cells in that system? (2 marks)
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
##
(a) Oviduct (1m)
(b) They move from side to side to move the ovum towards the uterus. (1m)
(c) (i) Breathing system (1m)
(ii) The cilia move back and forth to sweep out the mucus (1m)
in which the dust particles and bacteria are trapped. (1m)

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##

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|!|ASELM0040400073|!| [E]
Read the article below and answer the questions that follow.
Male Birth Control Gel
Scientists are developing a male birth control gel which is now tested
worldwide. The gel contains some hormones which can reduce the sperm
production to avoid pregnancy. The gel is applied by rubbing it on the skin
every day.
Scientists claimed that the gel will do no harm to the male reproductive system.
When the user stops applying the gel, the recovery period is up to six months.
Then his reproductive ability should return to normal. However, the time
required is determined by the age and the race of the user, as well as the amount
of sperms that the user can normally produce.
(a) What is the principle of the male birth control gel? (1 mark)
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
(b) State ONE advantage and ONE disadvantage for using the gel as the birth control
method. (2 marks)
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
(c) Besides male birth control gel, state TWO birth control methods for men.
(2 marks)
_________________________________________________________________
(d) For the answers in (c), state ONE disadvantage of each method. (2 marks)
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
##
(a) The gel can reduce the sperm production to avoid pregnancy. (1m)
(b) Advantage: It can be applied easily by rubbing on the skin. (1m)

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Disadvantage: Its effectiveness is still unknown as it is under test. (1m)

(c) Male condom and sterilization (1m×2)
(d) Condom is not 100% effective in preventing pregnancy. (1m)
Sterilization cannot prevent STDs. / Sterilization is a permanent surgery and the
man can no longer have baby after sterilization. (1m)
##
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|!|ASELM0040500074|!|
Some genetic diseases are sex linked. Genetic disease M is related to the defect on the
X chromosome. For a female, if only one of her X chromosomes has defect, she will
be called a carrier of the disease. A female will only suffer from the genetic disease M
if both of her X chromosomes have defect.
(a) Complete the table below to show the sex chromosomes in different individuals.
(Hint: Use Xd to represent the X chromosome with defect.) (3 marks)
Individual Sex chromosomes

Normal female XX
Normal male XY
Carrier female
Female with disease M
Male with disease M

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(b) Given that a woman is a carrier and her husband has genetic disease M. If they
want to have children, complete the table below to show the possible
combinations of sex chromosomes in the body cells of the children. (4 marks)
mother father

combination 1 combination 2 combination 3 combination 4
(c) For the couple in (b), what is their chance of having

(i) a normal boy? (1 mark)
_____________________________________________________________
(ii) a normal girl? (1 mark)

_____________________________________________________________
##
(a) (3m)
Individual Sex chromosomes
Normal female XX
Normal male XY
Carrier female XXd
Female with disease M XdXd
Male with disease M XdY

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(b)
mother father
XXd XdY
XXd XY XdXd XdY

(1m) (1m) (1m) (1m)
combination 1 combination 2 combination 3 combination 4
(c) (i) 25% / 1/4 (1m)

(ii) 0% / 0 (1m)
##
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|!|ASELM0040500075|!| [E] (Units 4 & 10)

Colour-blindness is an inherited eye defect that cannot be cured currently. Colour-
blind people cannot see the number ‘74’ on the coloured diagram below.
(a) What is meant by an ‘inherited disease’? (1 mark)

_________________________________________________________________
(b) What is the cause of colour-blindness? (1 mark)

_________________________________________________________________

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(c) Colour-blindness is caused by the defect on the X chromosome. A female will

only suffer from colour-blindness if both of her X chromosomes have defect.
(i) For a couple that the husband has normal vision and the wife has colour-
blindness, what are the sex chromosomes in their body cells respectively? (2
marks)
(Hint: Use Xa to represent the X chromosome with defect.)
_____________________________________________________________
(ii) The couple in (c)(i) have a colour-blind son and a daughter with normal
vision. Draw the ‘genetic traits tree’ of the family of this couple in the space
below. (3 marks)
##
(a) It is a disease that can be passed from one generation to another. (1m)
(b) One or more types of cone cells not working properly (1m)
(c) (i) Husband: XY (1m)
Wife: XaXa (1m)

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(ii) Correct first generation (F1) (1m)

Correct second generation (F2) (1m)
Correct key (1m)
Key:
Male without colour-blindness
Male with colour-blindness
Female without colour-blindness
Female with colour-blindness
##
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|!|ASELM0040500076|!| (Units 3 & 4)

Some cats suffers from heterochromia iridum (虹膜異色症), so that the irises (虹膜)
in their eyes are of different colours. It is a chromosomal disease which occurs in cats,
dogs and humans etc.

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iris
(a) Which group of vertebrates do cats, dogs and humans belong to? (1 mark)
_________________________________________________________________

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(b) Is the natural eye colour a continuous variation or a discontinuous variation?

(1 mark)
_________________________________________________________________
(c) Is the natural eye colour determined by heredity or the environment? (1 mark)
_________________________________________________________________
(d) Study the ‘genetic traits tree’ below which shows the passing of this disease
through each generation in a cat population.
I
II
III
Key:
Male without heterochromia iridum
Male with heterochromia iridum
Female without heterochromia iridum
Female with heterochromia iridum
(i) How many generations are shown in the ‘genetic traits tree’? (1 mark)
_____________________________________________________________
(ii) How many individuals in this cat population have the disease? (1 mark)
_____________________________________________________________
##
(a) Mammals (1m)
(b) Discontinuous variation (1m)
(c) Heredity (1m)
(d) (i) 3 (1m)
(ii) 7 (1m)
##

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Question Bank Update 2020

Unit 4 Cells, Human Reproduction and Heredity

Animal cell Plant cell

Aristo Science for the New Century

Aristo Science for the New Century

In which of the following chromosome pairs does the disorder occur?

Aristo Science for the New Century

|!|ASECM0040200203|!| [E] (Units 4 & 7)

(a) In which levels of organization do the lungs belong to?

Aristo Science for the New Century

Aristo Science for the New Century

Which of the following statements about identical twins is INCORRECT?

Aristo Science for the New Century

(a) In which part of the cell can structure Y be found? (1 mark)

Aristo Science for the New Century

(b) TGGGAACCTGGTAGC (2 marks)

Aristo Science for the New Century

|!|ASELM0040300072|!| [E] (Units 4 & 7)

Female reproductive system Ciliated cell

Aristo Science for the New Century

Aristo Science for the New Century

Aristo Science for the New Century

Disadvantage: Its effectiveness is still unknown as it is under test. (1m)

Individual Sex chromosomes

Aristo Science for the New Century

combination 1 combination 2 combination 3 combination 4

(c) For the couple in (b), what is their chance of having

(ii) a normal girl? (1 mark)

Aristo Science for the New Century

XXd XY XdXd XdY

combination 1 combination 2 combination 3 combination 4

(c) (i) 25% / 1/4 (1m)

|!|ASELM0040500075|!| [E] (Units 4 & 10)

(a) What is meant by an ‘inherited disease’? (1 mark)

(b) What is the cause of colour-blindness? (1 mark)

Aristo Science for the New Century

(c) Colour-blindness is caused by the defect on the X chromosome. A female will

Aristo Science for the New Century

(ii) Correct first generation (F1) (1m)

Male with colour-blindness

Female without colour-blindness

Female with colour-blindness

|!|ASELM0040500076|!| (Units 3 & 4)

Aristo Science for the New Century

Aristo Science for the New Century

(b) Is the natural eye colour a continuous variation or a discontinuous variation?

Male with heterochromia iridum

Female without heterochromia iridum

Female with heterochromia iridum

Aristo Science for the New Century

Aristo Science for the New Century

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