Multiple Choice Questions Topic 10

1. In which complexes does iron have an oxidation number of +3?
I. [Fe(H2O)6]3+
II. [Fe(H2O)5(CN)]2+
III. [Fe(CN)6]3–
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III
(Total 1 mark)
2. Which molecule has an octahedral shape?
A. SF6
B. PCl5
C. XeF4
D. BF3
(Total 1 mark)
IB Questionbank Chemistry 1
3. Which species have delocalized electrons?
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III
(Total 1 mark)
4. Consider the equations below.
CH4(g) + O2(g) → HCHO(l) + H2O(l) ∆HO = x

1
HCHO(l) + 2 O2(g) → HCOOH(l) ∆HO = y
1
2HCOOH(l) + 2 O2(g) → (COOH)2(s) + H2O(l) ∆HO = z
What is the enthalpy change of the reaction below?

1
2CH4(g) + 3 2 O2(g) → (COOH)2(s) + 3H2O(l)
A. x+y+z
B. 2x + y + z
C. 2x + 2y + z
D. 2x + 2y + 2z
(Total 1 mark)
5. Given the enthalpy change for the reaction below:
2H2(g) + O2(g) → 2H2O(l) ∆HO = –572 kJ
which statement is correct?
A. The standard enthalpy change of combustion of H 2(g) is –286 kJ mol–1.
B. The standard enthalpy change of combustion of H 2(g) is +286 kJ mol–1.
C. The standard enthalpy change of formation of H2O(l) is –572 kJ mol–1.
D. The standard enthalpy change of formation of H2O(l) is +572 kJ mol–1.

(Total 1 mark)
6. Which is a correct definition of lattice enthalpy?
A. It is the enthalpy change that occurs when an electron is removed from 1

mol of gaseous atoms.
B. It is the enthalpy change that occurs when 1 mol of a compound is formed

from its elements.
C. It is the enthalpy change that occurs when 1 mol of solid crystal changes
into a liquid.
D. It is the enthalpy change that occurs when 1 mol of solid crystal is formed
from its gaseous ions.
(Total 1 mark)
7. Which reaction has the largest increase in entropy?
A. H2(g) + Cl2(g) → 2HCl(g)
B. Al(OH)3(s) + NaOH(aq) → Al(OH)4–(aq) + Na+(aq)
C. Na2CO3(s) + 2HCl(aq) → 2NaCl(aq) + CO2(g) + H2O(l)
D. BaCl2(aq) + Na2SO4(aq) → BaSO4(s) + 2NaCl(aq)

(Total 1 mark)
8. Consider the following reaction.
2P + Q → R + S
This reaction occurs according to the following mechanism.
P+Q→X slow
P+X→R+S fast
What is the rate expression?
A. rate = k[P]
B. rate = k[P][X]
C. rate = k[P][Q]
D. rate = k[P]2[Q]
(Total 1 mark)
9. What happens when the temperature of a reaction increases?
A. The activation energy increases.
B. The rate constant increases.
C. The enthalpy change increases.
D. The order of the reaction increases.

(Total 1 mark)
10. What is the effect of an increase of temperature on the yield and the equilibrium
constant for the following reaction?
2H2(g) + CO(g) CH3OH(l) ∆HO = –128 kJ
Yield Equilibrium
constant
A. Increases Increases
B. Increases Decreases
C. Decreases Increases
D. Decreases Decreases
(Total 1 mark)
11. Which statements about a liquid are correct?
I. When the temperature of a liquid in a closed container increases, its

vapour pressure increases.
II. When the pressure on a liquid increases, its boiling point increases.
III. When the pressure on a liquid increases, its vapour pressure

increases.
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III
(Total 1 mark)
12. Which mixtures act as buffer solutions?
I. 100 cm3 0.1 mol dm–3 ethanoic acid and 100 cm3 0.1 mol dm–3
sodium ethanoate
II. 100 cm3 0.1 mol dm–3 ethanoic acid and 50 cm3 0.1 mol dm–3 sodium
hydroxide
III. 100 cm3 0.1 mol dm–3 ethanoic acid and 100 cm3 0.5 mol dm–3
sodium hydroxide
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III
(Total 1 mark)
13. Which solutions have a pH less than 7?
I. Na2CO3(aq)
II. [Fe(H2O)6]Cl3(aq)
III. (NH4)2SO4(aq)
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III
(Total 1 mark)
14. Equal volumes and concentrations of hydrochloric acid and ethanoic acid are
titrated with sodium hydroxide solutions of the same concentration. Which
statement is correct?
A. The initial pH values of both acids are equal.
B. At the equivalence points, the solutions of both titrations have pH values of

7.
C. The same volume of sodium hydroxide is needed to reach the equivalence

point.
D. The pH values of both acids increase equally until the equivalence points
are reached.
(Total 1 mark)
15. Bromophenol blue changes from yellow to blue over the pH range of 3.0 to 4.6.
Which statement is correct?
A. Molecules of bromophenol blue, HIn, are blue.
B. At pH < 3.0, a solution of bromophenol blue contains more ions, In –, than

molecules, HIn.
C. The pKa of bromophenol blue is between 3.0 and 4.6.
D. Bromophenol blue is a suitable indicator to titrate ethanoic acid with

potassium hydroxide solution.
(Total 1 mark)
16. The following equations indicate reactions that occur spontaneously.
Fe(s) + NiCl2(aq) → FeCl2(aq) + Ni(s)
Zn(s) + FeCl2(aq) → ZnCl2(aq) + Fe(s)
Ni(s) + PbCl2(aq) → NiCl2(aq) + Pb(s)
Which is the increasing order of the reactivity of the metals?
A. Fe < Ni < Zn < Pb
B. Pb < Ni < Fe < Zn
C. Ni < Zn < Pb < Fe
D. Zn < Fe < Ni < Pb

(Total 1 mark)
17. A voltaic cell is made by connecting two half-cells represented by the half-
equations below.
Mn2+(aq) + 2e– → Mn(s) EO = –1.19 V

Pb2+(aq) + 2e– → Pb(s) EO = –0.13 V
Which statement is correct about this voltaic cell?
A. Mn is oxidized and the voltage of the cell is 1.06 V.
B. Pb is oxidized and the voltage of the cell is 1.06 V.
C. Mn is oxidized and the voltage of the cell is 1.32 V.
D. Pb is oxidized and the voltage of the cell is 1.32 V.

(Total 1 mark)
18. For the electrolysis of aqueous copper(II) sulfate, which of the following
statements is correct?
A. Cu and O2 are produced in a mol ratio of 1:1
B. H2 and O2 are produced in a mol ratio of 1:1
C. Cu and O2 are produced in a mol ratio of 2:1
D. H2 and O2 are produced in a mol ratio of 2:1

(Total 1 mark)
19. By which reactants and type of reaction can ethylamine (aminoethane) be

produced?
Reactants Type of reaction

A. CH3Br + NH3 Nucleophilic substitution
B. CH3CH2Br + NH3 Reduction
C. CH3CN + H2 Nucleophilic substitution
D. CH3CN + H2 Reduction
(Total 1 mark)
20. Which compound is an amide?
A. CH3COOCH3
B. CH3CONH2
C. CH3NH2
D. CH2(NH2)COOH
(Total 1 mark)
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III
(Total 1 mark)
21. Which process can produce a polyester?
A. Addition polymerization of a dicarboxylic acid
B. Condensation polymerization of a diol and a dicarboxylic acid
C. Addition polymerization of a diol and dicarboxylic acid
D. Condensation polymerization of a dicarboxylic acid

(Total 1 mark)
22. Which statement about stereoisomers is correct?
A. 1,2-dichloroethane has two geometrical isomers.
B. 1,2-dichloroethane has two optical isomers.
C. 1,2-dichloroethene has two geometrical isomers.
D. 1,2-dichloroethene has two optical isomers.

(Total 1 mark)
23. The molar mass of a compound is approximately 56 g mol –1. Which formula is
possible for this compound?
A. NaNO3
B. AgOH
C. MgO
D. KOH
(Total 1 mark)
24. Which compound has the empirical formula with the largest mass?
A. C2H6
B. C2H4
C. C2H2
D. C3H6
(Total 1 mark)
25. What is the coefficient for O2(g) when the equation for the combustion of 1 mole
of pentane is balanced?
C5H12(g) + _O2(g) → _CO2(g) + _H2O(g)
A. 5
B. 6
C. 8
D. 16
(Total 1 mark)
26. What is the maximum mass, in g, of magnesium oxide that can be obtained
from the reaction of oxygen with 2.4 g of magnesium?
A. 2.4
B. 3.0
C. 4.0
D. 5.6
(Total 1 mark)
27. 5 dm3 of carbon monoxide, CO(g), and 2 dm3 of oxygen, O2(g), at the same
temperature and pressure are mixed together. Assuming complete reaction
according to the equation given, what is the maximum volume of carbon
dioxide, CO2(g), in dm3, that can be formed?
2CO(g) + O2(g) → 2CO2
A. 3
B. 4
C. 5
D. 7
(Total 1 mark)
28. Which statement about solutions is correct?
A. When vitamin D dissolves in fat, vitamin D is the solvent and fat is the
solute.
B. In a solution of NaCl in water, NaCl is the solute and water is the solvent.
C. An aqueous solution consists of water dissolved in a solute.
D. The concentration of a solution is the amount of solvent dissolved in 1 dm 3

of solution.
(Total 1 mark)
31
29. How many protons, neutrons and electrons are present in each atom of P?
Protons Neutrons Electrons

A. 16 15 16
B. 15 16 15
C. 15 31 15
D. 16 31 16
(Total 1 mark)
30. Which is correct for the following regions of the electromagnetic spectrum?
Ultraviolet (UV) Infrared (IR)

A. high energy short low energy low frequency
wavelength
B. high energy low frequency low energy long
wavelength
C. high frequency short high energy long
wavelength wavelength
D. high frequency long low frequency low energy
wavelength
(Total 1 mark)
31. An element is in group 4 and period 3 of the periodic table. How many electrons
are in the highest occupied energy level of an atom of this element?
A. 3
B. 4
C. 12
D. 14
(Total 1 mark)
32. Which is the best definition of electronegativity?
A. Electronegativity is the energy required for a gaseous atom to gain an

electron.
B. Electronegativity is the attraction of an atom for a bonding pair of

electrons.
C. Electronegativity is the attraction between the nucleus and the valence

electrons of an atom.
D. Electronegativity is the ability of an atom to attract electrons from another

atom.
(Total 1 mark)
33. What are the correct formulas of the following ions?
Ammonium Hydrogencarbonate Phosphate

A. NH4+ HCO32– PO4–
B. NH3+ HCO3– PO43–
C. NH4+ HCO32– PO42–
D. NH4+ HCO3– PO43–
(Total 1 mark)
34. What happens when magnesium metal reacts with chlorine gas?
A. Each magnesium atom loses two electrons and each chlorine atom gains
two electrons.
B. Each magnesium atom gains one electron and each chlorine atom loses
one electron.
C. Each magnesium atom loses two electrons and each chlorine atom gains
one electron.
D. Each magnesium atom gains one electron and each chlorine atom loses
two electrons.
(Total 1 mark)
35. Which is the best description of ionic bonding?
A. The electrostatic attraction between positively charged nuclei and an

electron pair
B. The electrostatic attraction between positive ions and delocalized negative

ions
C. The electrostatic attraction between positive ions and delocalized

electrons
D. The electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions

(Total 1 mark)
36. Which is the best description of the bonding present in silicon dioxide, SiO 2?
A. Each silicon atom forms four single covalent bonds to oxygen atoms.
B. Each silicon atom forms two double covalent bonds to oxygen atoms.
C. Each silicon atom forms two single covalent bonds to oxygen atoms.
D. Each silicon atom forms four double covalent bonds to oxygen atoms.
(Total 1 mark)
37. When some solid barium hydroxide and solid ammonium thiosulfate were
reacted together, the temperature of the surroundings was observed to
decrease from 15 ºC to – 4 ºC. What can be deduced from this observation?
A. The reaction is exothermic and ∆H is negative.
B. The reaction is exothermic and ∆H is positive.
C. The reaction is endothermic and ∆H is negative.
D. The reaction is endothermic and ∆H is positive.

(Total 1 mark)
38. Which process represents the C–Cl bond enthalpy in tetrachloromethane?
A. CCl4(g) → C(g) + 4Cl(g)
B. CCl4(g) → CCl3(g) + Cl(g)
C. CCl4(l) → C(g) + 4Cl(g)
D. CCl4(l) → C(s) + 2Cl2(g)

(Total 1 mark)
39. Some water is heated using the heat produced by the combustion of
magnesium metal. Which values are needed to calculate the enthalpy change
of reaction?
I. The mass of magnesium
II. The mass of the water
III. The change in temperature of the water
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III
(Total 1 mark)
40. What is the best definition of rate of reaction?
A. The time it takes to use up all the reactants
B. The rate at which all the reactants are used up
C. The time it takes for one of the reactants to be used up
D. The increase in concentration of a product per unit time

(Total 1 mark)
41. Which factors can affect reaction rate?
I. The state of the reactants
II. The frequency of the collisions between particles
III. The average kinetic energy of the particles
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III
(Total 1 mark)
42. Equal masses of powdered calcium carbonate were added to separate

solutions of hydrochloric acid. The calcium carbonate was in excess. The
volume of carbon dioxide produced was measured at regular intervals. Which
curves best represent the evolution of carbon dioxide against time for the acid
solutions shown in the table below.
25 cm3 of 2 mol dm–3 50 cm3 of 1 mol dm–3 25 cm3 of 1 mol dm–3

HCl HCl HCl
A. I III IV
B. I IV III
C. I II III
D. II I III
(Total 1 mark)
43. Consider the following equilibrium reaction.
2SO2(g) + O2(g) 2SO3(g) ∆Ho = –197 kJ
Which change in conditions will increase the amount of SO 3 present when

equilibrium is re-established?
A. Decreasing the concentration of SO2
B. Increasing the volume
C. Decreasing the temperature
D. Adding a catalyst
(Total 1 mark)
44. For equal volumes of 1.0 mol dm–3 solutions of hydrochloric acid, HCl(aq), and
methanoic acid, HCOOH(aq), which statements are correct?
I. HCl dissociates more than HCOOH
II. HCl is a better electrical conductor than HCOOH
III. HCl will neutralize more NaOH than HCOOH
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III
(Total 1 mark)
45. When equal volumes of four 0.1 mol dm–3 solutions are arranged in order of
increasing pH (lowest pH first), what is the correct order?
A. CH3COOH < HNO3 < CH3CH2NH2 < KOH
B. HNO3 < CH3COOH < CH3CH2NH2 < KOH
C. CH3CH2NH2 < HNO3 < CH3COOH < KOH
D. KOH < CH3CH2NH2 < CH3COOH < HNO3

(Total 1 mark)
46. What happens at the negative electrode in a voltaic cell and in an electrolytic
cell?
Voltaic cell Electrolytic cell

A. oxidation reduction
B. reduction oxidation
C. oxidation oxidation
D. reduction reduction
(Total 1 mark)
47. Consider how current is conducted in an electrolytic cell. Which statement is

correct?
A. Electrons move through the electrolyte and the external circuit.
B. Ions move through the electrolyte and the external circuit.
C. Electrons move through the external circuit and ions move through the
electrolyte.
D. Electrons move through the electrolyte and ions move through the external
circuit.
(Total 1 mark)
48. Which three compounds can be considered to be a homologous series?
A. CH3OH, CH3CH2OH, CH3CH2CH2OH
B. CH3CH2OH, CH3CHO, CH3COOH
C. CH3CH2CH(OH)CH3, CH3CH2CH2CH2OH, (CH3)3COH
D. CH3CH2CH2CH2OH, CH3CH2OCH2CH3, (CH3)2CH2CHO

(Total 1 mark)
49. What is the IUPAC name for CH3CH2CH(CH3)CH3?
A. 1,1-dimethylpropane
B. 2-ethylpropane
C. 2-methylbutane
D. 3-methylbutane
(Total 1 mark)
50. When bromine water is shaken with a liquid organic compound, it is rapidly
decolorized. What can be determined from this test?
A. The compound is an alcohol.
B. The compound is an alkane.
C. The compound is an alkene.
D. The compound is an iodoalkane.

(Total 1 mark)
51. Which conditions are required to obtain a good yield of a carboxylic acid when
ethanol is oxidized using potassium dichromate(VI), K 2Cr2O7(aq)?
I. Add sulfuric acid
II. Heat the reaction mixture under reflux
III. Distil the product as the oxidizing agent is added
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III
(Total 1 mark)
52. A student recorded the volume of a gas as 0.01450 dm 3. How many significant
figures are there in this value?
A. 3
B. 4
C. 5
D. 6
(Total 1 mark)
53. Which species possesses only two unpaired electrons?
A. Zn
B. Mg
C. Ti2+
D. Fe2+
(Total 1 mark)
54. Which statements are correct for the reactions of Cl 2, MgCl2 and SiCl4 with
water?
Cl2 MgCl2 SiCl4

A. forms a neutral forms a neutral no reaction
solution solution
B. forms an acidic forms an acidic forms an acidic
solution solution solution
C. forms an acidic forms an acidic no reaction
solution solution
D. forms a neutral forms a neutral forms an acidic
solution solution solution
(Total 1 mark)
55. Which transition element, or compound of a transition element, is used as a

catalyst in the Contact process?
A. Fe
B. MnO2
C. V2O5
D. Ni
(Total 1 mark)
56. Which statements best describe the structure of sodium chloride, NaCl?
I. Each sodium ion is surrounded by six chloride ions.
II. The chloride ions are arranged octahedrally around each sodium ion.
III. The lattice forms a cubic structure.
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III
(Total 1 mark)
57. Which molecule contains a dative covalent (coordinate) bond?
A. HCN
B. H2O2
C. CO2
D. CO
(Total 1 mark)
58. Identify the hybridization of carbon atoms in this molecule
1 2 3 4
A. sp3 sp2 sp2 sp2
B. sp2 sp2 sp2 sp
C. sp3 sp sp2 sp
D. sp sp2 sp sp2
(Total 1 mark)
59. Which structure has delocalized π electrons?
A. O3
B. CO
C. HCN
D. CO2
(Total 1 mark)
60. 1.0 g of sodium hydroxide, NaOH, was added to 99.0 g of water. The
temperature of the solution increased from 18.0 ºC to 20.5 ºC. The specific heat
capacity of the solution is
4.18 J g–1 K–1.
Which expression gives the heat evolved in kJ mol –1?
2.5  100.0  4.18  1000

A. 40.0
2.5  100.0  4.18

B. 1000  40.0
2.5  100.0  4.18  40.0

C. 1000
2.5  1.0  4.18  40.0

D. 1000
(Total 1 mark)
61. Which reaction has the greatest increase in entropy?
A. C3H8(g) + 5O2(g) → 3CO2(g) + 4H2O(g)
B. H2(g) + Cl2(g) → 2HCl(g)
C. N2(g) + 3H2(g) → 2NH3(g)
D. C2H4(g) + H2(g) → C2H6(g)

(Total 1 mark)
62. The reaction between but-1-ene and water vapour produces butan-1-ol.
C4H8(g) + H2O(g) → C4H9OH(l)
The standard entropy values (SO) for but-1-ene, water vapour and butan-1-ol
are 310, 189 and 228 J K–1 mol–1 respectively. What is the standard entropy
change for this reaction in
J K–1 mol–1?
A. –271
B. +271
C. –107
D. +107
(Total 1 mark)
63. This question refers to the following reaction.
X2 + 2Y → 2XY
The reaction occurs in a series of steps.
X2 → 2X slow
X + Y → XY fast
What is the rate-determining step for this reaction mechanism?
A. X2 + 2Y → 2XY
B. X2 + Y → XY + X
C. X2 → 2X
D. X + Y → XY
(Total 1 mark)
64. This question refers to the following reaction.
X2 + 2Y → 2XY
The reaction occurs in a series of steps.
X2 → 2X slow
X + Y → XY fast
What is the rate expression for this reaction?
A. rate = k[XY]
B. rate = k[X2][Y]2
C. rate = k[X2]
D. rate = k[2X]
(Total 1 mark)
65. Consider the following reversible reaction.
Cr2O72–(aq) + H2O(l) 2CrO42–(aq) + 2H+(aq)
What will happen to the position of equilibrium and the value of Kc when more
H+ ions are added at constant temperature?
Position of Value of Kc
equilibrium
A. shifts to the left decreases
B. shifts to the right increases
C. shifts to the right does not change
D. shifts to the left does not change
(Total 1 mark)
66. Consider this equilibrium reaction in a sealed container:
H2O(g) H2O(l)
What will be the effect on the equilibrium of increasing the temperature from 20
ºC to 30 ºC?
A. More of the water will be in the gaseous state at equilibrium.
B. More of the water will be in the liquid state at equilibrium.
C. At equilibrium the rate of condensation will be greater than the rate of

evaporation.
D. At equilibrium the rate of evaporation will be greater than the rate of

condensation.
(Total 1 mark)
67. What is the correct expression for the ionic product constant of water, Kw?
[H  ]

A. KW = [OH ]
[ H 2 O]
 
B. KW = [H ][OH ]
C. KW = [H+] + [OH–]
D. KW = [H+][OH–]
(Total 1 mark)
68. Which mixtures could act as buffers?
I. NaOH(aq) and HCl(aq)
II. NaOH(aq) and CH3COOH(aq)
III. HCl(aq) and CH3COONa(aq)
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III
(Total 1 mark)
69. What is the approximate pH of a 0.01 mol dm–3 ammonia solution?
A. 2
B. More than 2 but less than 7
C. More than 7 but less than 12
D. 12
(Total 1 mark)
70. Which conditions are usually stated for a standard hydrogen electrode?
I. Hydrogen gas at a pressure of 1.01 × 105 Pa (1 atm)
II. 1.0 mol dm–3 solution of any acid
III. Temperature of 25 ºC (298 K)
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III
(Total 1 mark)
71. Consider these standard electrode potentials.
Mg2+(aq) + 2e– Mg(s) EO = –2.36 V

Zn2+(aq) + 2e– Zn(s) EO = –0.76 V
What is the cell potential for the voltaic cell produced when the two half-cells are
connected?
A. –1.60 V
B. +1.60 V
C. –3.12 V
D. +3.12 V
(Total 1 mark)
72. Identify the functional group present in HCOCH 2CH3.
A. Ester
B. Ketone
C. Aldehyde
D. Alcohol
(Total 1 mark)
73. What is the IUPAC name for HCOOCH2CH2CH3?
A. Butanoic acid
B. Butanal
C. Methyl propanoate
D. Propyl methanoate
(Total 1 mark)
74. Which statements about substitution reactions are correct?
I. The reaction between sodium hydroxide and 1-chloropentane

predominantly follows an SN2 mechanism.
II. The reaction between sodium hydroxide and 2-chloro-2-

methylbutane predominantly follows an SN2 mechanism.
III. The reaction of sodium hydroxide with 1-chloropentane occurs at a

slower rate than with 1-bromopentane.
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III
(Total 1 mark)
75. What is the organic product of the reaction between methylamine and ethanoic
acid?
A. CH3COONH4
B. CH3NHCOCH3
C. CH3COCH2NH2
D. CH3CH2CONH2
(Total 1 mark)
76. Which compound can exist as stereoisomers?
A. CH3CH2CHO
B. CH3CH2COCH3
C. CH3CH(CH3)2
D. CH3CH2CHOHCH3
(Total 1 mark)
77. What is the number of oxygen atoms in one mole of CuSO 4•5H2O?
A. 5
B. 9
C. 6.0 × 1023
D. 5.4 × 1024
(Total 1 mark)
78. Which sample has the greatest mass?
A. 6.0 × 1025 molecules of hydrogen
B. 5.0 mol of neon atoms
C. 1.2 × 1024 atoms of silver
D. 1.7 × 102 g of iron

(Total 1 mark)
79. What volume of sulfur trioxide, in cm3, can be prepared using 40 cm3 sulfur
dioxide and 20 cm3 oxygen gas by the following reaction? Assume all volumes
are measured at the same temperature and pressure.
2SO2(g) + O2(g) → 2SO3(g)
A. 20
B. 40
C. 60
D. 80
(Total 1 mark)
80. Which sample of nitrogen gas, N2, contains the greatest number of nitrogen
molecules?
A. 1.4 g N2
B. 1.4 dm3 of N2 at 1.01 × 105 Pa and 273 K
C. 1.4 × 1023 N2 molecules
D. 1.4 mol N2
(Total 1 mark)
81. What is the atomic number of a neutral atom which has 51 neutrons and 40
electrons?
A. 40
B. 51
C. 91
D. 131
(Total 1 mark)
82. What is the relative atomic mass of an element with the following mass
spectrum?
A. 24
B. 25
C. 26
D. 27
(Total 1 mark)
83. Which is the correct definition of the mass number of an atom?
A. The total mass of neutrons and protons in the nucleus of the atom
B. The total mass of neutrons, protons and electrons in the atom
C. The number of protons in the nucleus of the atom
D. The total number of neutrons and protons in the nucleus of the atom
(Total 1 mark)
84. Which statement describes the trends of electronegativity values in the periodic
table?
A. Values increase from left to right across a period and increase down a
group.
B. Values increase from left to right across a period and decrease down a
group.
C. Values decrease from left to right across a period and increase down a
group.
D. Values decrease from left to right across a period and decrease down a
group.
(Total 1 mark)
85. Which statement is correct for all elements in the same period?
A. They have the same number of electrons in the highest occupied energy
level.
B. They have the same chemical reactivity.
C. They have the same number of occupied energy levels.
D. They have the same number of neutrons.

(Total 1 mark)
86. Which statement best describes the intramolecular bonding in HCN(l)?
A. Electrostatic attractions between H+ and CN– ions
B. Only van der Waals’ forces
C. Van der Waals’ forces and hydrogen bonding
D. Electrostatic attractions between pairs of electrons and positively charged

nuclei
(Total 1 mark)
87. Which statement best describes metallic bonding?
A. Electrostatic attractions between oppositely charged ions
B. Electrostatic attractions between a lattice of positive ions and delocalized

electrons
C. Electrostatic attractions between a lattice of negative ions and delocalized

protons
D. Electrostatic attractions between protons and electrons

(Total 1 mark)
88. Metal M has only one oxidation number and forms a compound with the formula
MCO3.
Which formula is correct?
A. MNO3
B. MNH4
C. MSO4
D. MPO4
(Total 1 mark)
89. Which molecule has the shortest bond between carbon atoms?
A. C2H6
B. C2H4
C. C2H2
D. C2H4Cl2
(Total 1 mark)
90. What is the energy, in kJ, released when 1.00 mol of carbon monoxide is
burned according to the following equation?
2CO(g) + O2(g) → 2CO2(g) ΔHo = –564 kJ
A. 141
B. 282
C. 564
D. 1128
(Total 1 mark)
91. The specific heat of iron is 0.450 J g–1 K–1. What is the energy, in J, needed to
increase the temperature of 50.0 g of iron by 20.0 K?
A. 9.00
B. 22.5
C. 45.0
D. 450
(Total 1 mark)
92. Which of the following reactions are exothermic?
I. CH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O
II. NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H2O
III. Br2 → 2Br
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III
(Total 1 mark)
93. Consider the reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid. Which factors
will affect the reaction rate?
I. The collision frequency of the reactant particles
II. The number of reactant particles with E ≥ Ea
III. The number of reactant particles that collide with the appropriate
geometry
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III
(Total 1 mark)
94. What is the function of iron in the Haber process?
A. It shifts the position of equilibrium towards the products.
B. It decreases the rate of the reaction.
C. It provides an alternative reaction pathway with a lower activation energy.
D. It reduces the enthalpy change of the reaction.

(Total 1 mark)
95. What effect will an increase in temperature have on the Kc value and the
position of equilibrium in the following reaction?
N2(g) + 3H2(g) 2NH3(g) ΔH = –92 kJ
Kc Equilibrium
position
A. increases shifts to the right
B. decreases shifts to the left
C. increases shifts to the left
D. decreases shifts to the right
(Total 1 mark)
96. Which statement is always correct for a chemical reaction at equilibrium?
A. The rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction.
B. The amounts of reactants and products are equal.
C. The concentration of the reactants and products are constantly changing.
D. The forward reaction occurs to a greater extent than the reverse reaction.
(Total 1 mark)
97. Which are definitions of an acid according to the Brønsted-Lowry and Lewis
theories?
Brønsted-Lowry Lewis theory

theory
A. proton donor electron pair
acceptor
B. proton acceptor electron pair
acceptor
C. proton acceptor electron pair donor
D. proton donor electron pair donor
(Total 1 mark)
98. Which list contains only strong acids?
A. CH3COOH, H2CO3, H3PO4
B. HCl, HNO3, H2CO3
C. CH3COOH, HNO3, H2SO4
D. HCl, HNO3, H2SO4

(Total 1 mark)
99. An example of a strong acid solution is perchloric acid, HClO 4, in water. Which
statement is correct for this solution?
A. HClO4 is completely dissociated in the solution.
B. HClO4 exists mainly as molecules in the solution.
C. The solution reacts only with strong bases.
D. The solution has a pH value greater than 7.

(Total 1 mark)
100. Which species is oxidized in the following reaction?
2Ag+(aq) + Cu(s) → 2Ag(s) + Cu2+(aq)
A. Ag+
B. Cu
C. Ag
D. Cu2+
(Total 1 mark)
101. Which list represents the halogens in increasing order of oxidizing strength
(weakest oxidizing agent first)?
A. Cl2 I2 Br2
B. I2 Br2 Cl2
C. I2 Cl2 Br2
D. Cl2 Br2 I2
(Total 1 mark)
102. What is the product of the oxidation of butan-2-ol?
A. But-2-ene
B. Butanoic acid
C. Butanal
D. Butanone
(Total 1 mark)
103. Which is a tertiary halogenoalkane?
A. CH3CH2CH2Br
B. CH3CH2CH(CH3)Cl
C. C(CH3)3Br
D. CH3CHClCH2CH3
(Total 1 mark)
104. What is the IUPAC name of the following compound?
A. 2-methylbutane
B. Ethylpropane
C. 3-methylbutane
D. Pentane
(Total 1 mark)
105. Which equations represent the incomplete combustion of methane?
I. CH4(g) + 2O2(g) → CO2(g) + 2H2O(g)
II. CH4(g) + 1½O2(g) → CO(g) + 2H2O(g)
III. CH4(g) + O2(g) → C(s) + 2H2O(g)
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III
(Total 1 mark)
106. Which would be the best method to decrease the random uncertainty of a
measurement in an acid-base titration?
A. Repeat the titration
B. Ensure your eye is at the same height as the meniscus when reading from
the burette
C. Use a different burette
D. Use a different indicator for the titration

(Total 1 mark)
107. The table below shows the number of protons, neutrons and electrons present
in five species.
Number of Number of Number of

Species
protons neutrons electrons
X 6 8 6
Y 7 7 7
Z 7 7 8
W 8 8 8
Q 8 10 8
Which two species are isotopes of the same element?
A. X and W
B. Y and Z
C. Z and W
D. W and Q
(Total 1 mark)
108. What is the order of increasing energy of the orbitals within a single energy
level?
A. d<s<f<p
B. s<p<d<f
C. p<s<f<d
D. f<d<p<s
(Total 1 mark)
109. What is the electron configuration of the Cr 2+ ion?
A. [Ar] 3d5 4s1
B. [Ar] 3d3 4s1
C. [Ar] 3d6 4s1
D. [Ar] 3d4 4s0

(Total 1 mark)
110. Which equation best represents the first ionization energy of magnesium?
A. Mg(s) → Mg+(s) + e–
B. Mg(g) → Mg2+(g) + 2e–
C. Mg(g) → Mg+(g) + e–
D. Mg(s) → Mg+(g) + e–
(Total 1 mark)
111. What are the products of the reaction between chlorine and water?
A. O2, H2 and HCl
B. H2 and OCl2
C. HCl and HOCl
D. HOCl, H2 and Cl2

(Total 1 mark)
112. How many bonding pairs and lone pairs of electrons surround the sulfur atom in
the SF4 molecule?
Bonding pairs Lone pairs

A. 4 1
B. 4 0
C. 6 0
D. 8 2
(Total 1 mark)
113. Which of the following best describes the formation of π bonds?
A. They are formed by the sideways overlap of parallel orbitals.
B. They are formed by the axial overlap of orbitals.
C. They are formed by the sideways overlap of an s and p orbital.
D. They are formed by the axial overlap of either s or p orbitals.

(Total 1 mark)
114. What is the standard entropy change, ∆SO, for the following reaction?
2CO(g) + O2(g) → 2CO2(g)
CO(g) O2(g) CO2(g)

SO/J K–1 mol–1 198 205 214
A. –189
B. –173
C. +173
D. +189
(Total 1 mark)
115. Which step(s) is/are endothermic in the Born-Haber cycle for the formation of
LiCl?
A. ½Cl2(g) → Cl(g) and Li(s) → Li(g)
B. Cl(g) + e– → Cl–(g) and Li(g) → Li+(g) + e–
C. Li+(g) + Cl–(g) → LiCl(s)
D. ½Cl2(g) → Cl(g) and Cl(g) + e– → Cl–(g)

(Total 1 mark)
116. Consider the following reaction.
5Br–(aq) + BrO3–(aq) + 6H+(aq) → 3Br2(aq) + 3H2O(l)
The rate expression for the reaction is found to be:
rate = k[Br–] [BrO3–][H+]2
A. The overall order is 12.
B. Doubling the concentration of all of the reactants at the same time would
increase the rate of the reaction by a factor of 16.
C. The units of the rate constant, k, are mol dm–3 s–1.
D. A change in concentration of Br– or BrO3– does not affect the rate of the
reaction.
(Total 1 mark)
117. The rate expression for a reaction is:
rate = k [X][Y]
A. As the temperature increases the rate constant decreases.
B. The rate constant increases with increased temperature but eventually

reaches a constant value.
C. As the temperature increases the rate constant increases.
D. The rate constant is not affected by a change in temperature.

(Total 1 mark)
118. Consider the following reaction mechanism.
Step 1 H2O2 + I– → H2O + IO– slow
Step 2 H2O2 + IO– → H2O + O2 + I– fast
Which statement correctly identifies the rate-determining step and the

explanation?
A. Step 2 because it is the faster step
B. Step 1 because it is the slower step
C. Step 1 because it is the first step
D. Step 2 because it is the last step

(Total 1 mark)
119. Which statement is correct for the equilibrium H 2O(l) H2O(g) in a closed
system at 100 °C?
A. All the H2O(l) molecules have been converted to H2O(g).
B. The rate of the forward reaction is greater than the rate of the reverse
reaction.
C. The rate of the forward reaction is less than the rate of the reverse
reaction.
D. The pressure remains constant.

(Total 1 mark)
120. 100 cm3 of a NaOH solution of pH 12 is mixed with 900 cm3 of water. What is
the pH of the resulting solution?
A. 1
B. 3
C. 11
D. 13
(Total 1 mark)
121. Ammonia acts as a weak base when it reacts with water. What is the Kb
expression for this reaction?

[ NH 4 ][OH  ]
A. [NH 3 ][H 2 O]
[ NH 3 ][H 2 O]

[NH 4 ][OH  ]
B.
[ NH 3 ]

[NH 4 ][OH  ]
C.

[ NH 4 ][OH  ]
D. [NH 3 ]
(Total 1 mark)
122. The indicator, HIn is used in a titration between an acid and base. Which
statement about the dissociation of the indicator, HIn is correct?
HIn (aq) H+ (aq) + In– (aq)

colour A colour B
A. In a strongly alkaline solution, colour B would be observed.
B. In a strongly acidic solution, colour B would be observed.
C. [In–] is greater than [HIn] at the equivalence point.
D. In a weakly acidic solution colour B would be observed.

(Total 1 mark)
123. At the same concentration, which acid would have the lowest pH?
A. HNO2 Ka = 5.6 × 10–4 mol dm–3
B. HF Ka = 6.8 × 10–4 mol dm–3
C. C6H5COOH Ka = 6.3 × 10–5 mol dm–3
D. HCN Ka = 4.9 × 10–10 mol dm–3

(Total 1 mark)
124. What is the cell potential, in V, for the reaction that occurs when the following
two half-cells are connected?
Fe2+(aq) + 2e– Fe(s) EO = –0.44 V
Cr2O72–(aq) + 14H+(aq) + 6e– 2Cr3+(aq) + 7H2O(l) EO =

+1.33 V
A. + 0.01
B. + 0.89
C. + 1.77
D. + 2.65
(Total 1 mark)
125. What structural feature must a molecule have in order to undergo addition
polymerization?
A. Two functional groups
B. A carbon–carbon double bond
C. Carbon atoms singly bonded together
D. A polar covalent bond

(Total 1 mark)
126. What is the organic product of the reaction between CH 3CH2NH2 and
CH3CH2COOH?
A. CH3CH2NHCOCH2CH3
B. CH3CH2CH2NHCOCH3
C. CH3CH2NHCOCH3
D. CH3NHCOCH3
(Total 1 mark)
127. What is the IUPAC name of the compound CH3CH2COOCH2CH3?
A. Ethyl ethanoate
B. Propyl ethanoate
C. Ethyl propanoate
D. Pentyl propanoate
(Total 1 mark)
128. Which statement is correct about the enantiomers of a chiral compound?
A. Their physical properties are different.
B. All their chemical reactions are identical.
C. A racemic mixture will rotate the plane of polarized light.
D. They will rotate the plane of polarized light in opposite directions.

(Total 1 mark)
129. Which non-metal forms an oxide XO2 with a relative molecular mass of 60?
A. C
B. N
C. Si
D. S
(Total 1 mark)
130. How many oxygen atoms are there in 0.20 mol of ethanoic acid, CH 3COOH?
A. 1.2 × 1023
B. 2.4 × 1023
C. 3.0 × 1024
D. 6.0 × 1024
(Total 1 mark)
131. 4.00 mol of a hydrocarbon with an empirical formula of CH 2 has a mass of 280
g. What is the molecular formula of this compound?
A. C2H4
B. C3H6
C. C4H8
D. C5H10
(Total 1 mark)
132. What will be the concentration of sulfate ions in mol dm –3 when 0.20 mol of
KAl(SO4)2 is dissolved in water to give 100 cm3 of aqueous solution?
A. 0.2
B. 1.0
C. 2.0
D. 4.0
(Total 1 mark)
133. The volume of an ideal gas at 27.0 °C is increased from 3.00 dm 3 to 6.00 dm3.
At what temperature, in °C, will the gas have the original pressure?
A. 13.5
B. 54.0
C. 327
D. 600
(Total 1 mark)
134. Which species have the same number of electrons?
I. S2–
II. Cl–
III. Ne
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III
(Total 1 mark)
135. Which gives the correct order of these processes in a mass spectrometer?
A. ionization deflection acceleration
B. ionization acceleration deflection
C. acceleration ionization deflection
D. deflection acceleration ionization

(Total 1 mark)
136. What happens when sodium is added to water?
I. A gas is evolved
II. The temperature of the water increases
III. A clear, colourless solution is formed
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III
(Total 1 mark)
137. An atom of an element contains 19 electrons. In which group of the periodic
table does it occur?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 5
D. 7
(Total 1 mark)
138. What compound is formed when lithium reacts with selenium?
A. LiSe
B. Li2Se
C. LiSe2
D. Li2Se2
(Total 1 mark)
139. How many non-bonding pairs of electrons are there in a nitrogen molecule?
A. 0
B. 1
C. 2
D. 3
(Total 1 mark)
140. Which molecule contains a bond angle of approximately 120°?
A. CH4
B. C2H2
C. C2H4
D. C2H6
(Total 1 mark)
141. Which compound does not form hydrogen bonds between its molecules?
A. CH3NH2
B. CH3COCH3
C. CH3COOH
D. CH3CH2OH
(Total 1 mark)
142. Which substance does not conduct electricity?
A. Solid zinc
B. Molten zinc
C. Solid zinc chloride
D. Molten zinc chloride

(Total 1 mark)
143. Which is true for a chemical reaction in which the products have a higher
enthalpy than the reactants?
Reaction ∆H
A. endothermic positive
B. endothermic negative
C. exothermic positive
D. exothermic negative
(Total 1 mark)
144. In a reaction that occurs in 50 g of aqueous solution, the temperature of the

reaction mixture increases by 20 °C. If 0.10 mol of the limiting reagent is
consumed, what is the enthalpy change (in kJ mol –1) for the reaction? Assume
the specific heat capacity of the solution
= 4.2 kJ kg–1 K–1.
A. –0.10 × 50 × 4.2 × 20
B. –0.10 × 0.050 × 4.2 × 20
 50  4.2  20
C. 0.10
 0.050  4.2  20
D. 0.10
(Total 1 mark)
145. Use the average bond enthalpies below to calculate the enthalpy change, in kJ,
for the following reaction.
H2(g) + I2(g) → 2HI(g)
Bond Bond energy / kJ mol–1

H–H 440
I–I 150
H–I 300
A. +290
B. +10
C. –10
D. –290
(Total 1 mark)
146. Hydrochloric acid is reacted with large pieces of calcium carbonate, the reaction
is then repeated using calcium carbonate powder. How does this change affect
the activation energy and the collision frequency?
Activation energy Collision frequency

A. increases increases
B. stays constant increases
C. increases stays constant
D. stays constant stays constant
(Total 1 mark)
147. Which statement is true about using sulfuric acid as a catalyst in the following
reaction?

H ( aq )
CH3–CO–CH3(aq) + I2(aq)    CH3–CO–CH2–I(aq) + HI(aq)
I. The catalyst increases the rate of reaction.
II. The catalyst lowers the activation energy for the reaction.
III. The catalyst has been consumed at the end of the chemical reaction.
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III
(Total 1 mark)
148. An increase in temperature increases the amount of chlorine present in the

following equilibrium.
PCl5(s) PCl3(l) + Cl2(g)
What is the best explanation for this?
A. The higher temperature increases the rate of the forward reaction only.
B. The higher temperature increases the rate of the reverse reaction only.
C. The higher temperature increases the rate of both reactions but the
forward reaction is affected more than the reverse.
D. The higher temperature increases the rate of both reactions but the
reverse reaction is affected more than the forward.
(Total 1 mark)
149. What will happen when at a constant temperature, more iodide ions, I –, are
added to the equilibrium below?
I2(s) + I–(aq) I3–(aq)
A. The amount of solid iodine decreases and the equilibrium constant

increases.
B. The amount of solid iodine decreases and the equilibrium constant

remains unchanged.
C. The amount of solid iodine increases and the equilibrium constant

decreases.
D. The amount of solid iodine increases and the equilibrium constant remains
unchanged.
(Total 1 mark)
150. What is the formula of the conjugate base of the hydrogenphosphate ion,
HPO42–?
A. H2PO4–
B. H3PO4
C. HPO4–
D. PO43–
(Total 1 mark)
151. Which pH value is that of an aqueous solution of carbon dioxide?
A. 2.1
B. 5.6
C. 9.8
D. 12.2
(Total 1 mark)
152. Which are redox reactions?
I. 2FeCl2 + Cl2 → 2FeCl3
II. Mg + 2HNO3 → Mg(NO3)2 + H2
III. H2O + SO3 → H2SO4
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III
(Total 1 mark)
153. Magnesium is higher in the reactivity series than zinc. In the cell shown, in
which direction do the electrons flow in wire X and which metal is oxidized?
Electron flow Oxidized

A. Zn to Mg Zn
B. Mg to Zn Zn
C. Zn to Mg Mg
D. Mg to Zn Mg
(Total 1 mark)
154. How many structural isomers exist with the formula C3H5Cl3?
A. 3
B. 4
C. 5
D. 6
(Total 1 mark)
155. Which substance is produced by the reaction of hydrogen with a vegetable oil?
A. Margarine
B. Nylon
C. Polypropene
D. Soap
(Total 1 mark)
156. Which substance is not produced during the combustion of alkanes?
A. CO2
B. CO
C. C
D. H2
(Total 1 mark)
157. Propene is converted to propanone in a two stage process.
Propene → X → Propanone
What is the formula of compound X?
A. CH3CHBrCH3
B. CH3CH2CH2Br
C. CH3CHOHCH3
D. CH3CH2CH2OH
(Total 1 mark)
158. Which are likely to be reduced when an experiment is repeated a number of

times?
A. Random errors
B. Systematic errors
C. Both random and systematic errors
D. Neither random nor systematic errors

(Total 1 mark)
159. Which coefficients would balance this equation?
__ MnO2 + __ HCl → __ MnCl2 + __ Cl2 + __ H2O
MnO2 HCl MnCl2 Cl2 H2O

A. 1 2 1 1 1
B. 1 3 1 1 1
C. 1 4 1 1 2
D. 1 4 1 2 2
(Total 1 mark)
160. What volume of carbon dioxide, in dm3 under standard conditions, is formed
when 7.00 g of ethene (C2H4, Mr = 28.1) undergoes complete combustion?
22.4  28.1
A. 7.00
22.4  7.00
B. 28.1
2  22.4  28.1
C. 7.00
2  22.4  7.00
D. 28.1
(Total 1 mark)
161. Between which ionization energies of boron will there be the greatest
difference?
A. Between 1st and 2nd ionization energies
B. Between 2nd and 3rd ionization energies
C. Between 3rd and 4th ionization energies
D. Between 4th and 5th ionization energies

(Total 1 mark)
162. Which species has the largest radius?
A. Cl–
B. K
C. Na+
D. K+
(Total 1 mark)
163. Which process is responsible for the colour of a transition metal complex?
A. The absorption of light when electrons move between s orbitals and d

orbitals
B. The emission of light when electrons move between s orbitals and d

orbitals
C. The absorption of light when electrons move between different d orbitals
D. The emission of light when electrons move between different d orbitals

(Total 1 mark)
164. What is the correct order if the compounds are arranged in order of increasing
boiling point?
A. CH4 < CH3Cl < SiH4 < CH3OH
B. CH3OH < CH4 < CH3Cl < SiH4
C. CH3OH < CH3Cl < SiH4 < CH4
D. CH4 < SiH4 < CH3Cl < CH3OH

(Total 1 mark)
165. What is the bond angle in the H3O+ ion?
A. 104°
B. 107°
C. 109°
D. 120°
(Total 1 mark)
166. How many atoms is each carbon directly bonded to in its allotropes?
Diamond Graphite C60 fullerene

A. 3 3 3
B. 4 3 3
C. 4 3 4
D. 4 4 3
(Total 1 mark)
167. What is the type of hybridization of the silicon and oxygen atoms in silicon
dioxide?
Silicon Oxygen
A. sp3 sp3
B. sp3 sp2
C. sp2 sp3
D. sp2 sp2
(Total 1 mark)
168. Which ionic compound has the most endothermic lattice enthalpy?
A. NaCl
B. KCl
C. NaF
D. KF
(Total 1 mark)
169. Which change leads to an increase in entropy?
A. CO2(g) → CO2(s)
B. SF6(g) → SF6(l)
C. H2O(l) → H2O(s)
D. NaCl(s) → NaCl(aq)
(Total 1 mark)
170. Two species, P and Q, react together according to the following equation.
P+Q→R
The accepted mechanism for this reaction is
P+P P2 fast
P2 + Q → R + P slow
What is the order with respect to P and Q?
P Q
A. 1 1
B. 1 2
C. 2 1
D. 2 2
(Total 1 mark)
171. The activation energy of a reaction may be determined by studying the effect of
a particular variable on the reaction rate. Which variable must be changed?
A. pH
B. Concentration
C. Surface area
D. Temperature
(Total 1 mark)
172. Which affects the equilibrium vapour pressure of a liquid in a sealed container,
assuming that there is always some of the liquid present?
A. The temperature of the liquid
B. The surface area of the liquid
C. The volume of the liquid
D. The volume of the container

(Total 1 mark)
173. According to the Brønsted-Lowry theory, how does each species act in the
equilibrium below?
CH3COOH + H2SO4 CH3COOH2+ + HSO4–
CH3COOH H2SO4 CH3COOH2+ HSO4–

A. acid base base acid
B. acid base acid base
C. base acid base acid
D. base acid acid base
(Total 1 mark)
174. If 20 cm3 samples of 0.1 mol dm–3 solutions of the acids below are taken, which
acid would require a different volume of 0.1 mol dm –3 sodium hydroxide for
complete neutralization?
A. Nitric acid
B. Sulfuric acid
C. Ethanoic acid
D. Hydrochloric acid
(Total 1 mark)
175. Which mixture of acid and alkali would produce a buffer solution?
Acid Alkali
A. 40 cm3 0.1 mol dm–3 HCl 60 cm3 0.1 mol dm–3
NaOH
B. 60 cm3 0.1 mol dm–3 HCl 40 cm3 0.1 mol dm–3
NaOH
C. 40 cm3 0.1 mol dm–3 HCl 60 cm3 0.1 mol dm–3 NH3
D. 60 cm3 0.1 mol dm–3 HCl 40 cm3 0.1 mol dm–3 NH3
(Total 1 mark)
176. Which aqueous solution would have a pH > 7?
A. Sodium sulfate
B. Ammonium nitrate
C. Sodium ethanoate
D. Aluminium nitrate
(Total 1 mark)
177. Which indicator would be the most appropriate for titrating aqueous ethylamine,
CH3CH2NH2, with nitric acid, HNO3?
A. Bromophenol blue (pKa = 4.1)
B. Bromothymol blue (pKa = 7.3)
C. Phenol red (pKa = 8.0)
D. Thymolphthalein (pKa = 10.0)

(Total 1 mark)
178. Which compound contains nitrogen with an oxidation number of +3?
A. NH4Cl
B. HNO3
C. N2O4
D. KNO2
(Total 1 mark)
179. In the electrolytic cell shown, at which electrode will chlorine form, and what is
the process taking place there?
Electrode Process
A. P reduction
B. Q reduction
C. P oxidation
D. Q oxidation
(Total 1 mark)
180. How do the products compare at each electrode when aqueous 1 mol dm –3
magnesium bromide and molten magnesium bromide are electrolysed?
EO / V
Mg2+(aq) + 2e– Mg(s) –2.37

½Br2(l) + e– Br–(aq) +1.07
½O2(g) + 2H+(aq) + 2e– H2O(l) +1.23
Positive electrode Negative electrode

(Anode) (Cathode)
A. same same
B. same different
C. different same
D. different different
(Total 1 mark)
181. Which reaction occurs via a free-radical mechanism?
A. C2H6 + Br2 → C2H5Br + HBr
B. C2H4 + Br2 → C2H4Br2
C. C4H9I + OH– → C4H9OH + I–
D. (CH3)3CI + H2O → (CH3)3COH + HI

(Total 1 mark)
182. Which compound could rotate the plane of polarization of polarized light?
A. (CH3)2CHCH2Cl
B. CH3CH2CH2CH2Cl
C. CH3CH2CHClCH3
D. (CH3)3CCl
(Total 1 mark)
183. What is the name of the ester formed when CH3CH2COOH and CH3OH react
together?
A. Ethyl methanoate
B. Methyl ethanoate
C. Propyl methanoate
D. Methyl propanoate
(Total 1 mark)
184. Which formula represents a polyamide?
A. ( CH2–CHCl ) n
B. ( NH–(CH2)6–NH–CO–(CH3)4–CO ) n
C. ( CF2–CF2 ) n
D. ( O–(CH2)2–O–CO– –CO ) n
(Total 1 mark)
185. How many hydrogen atoms are in one mole of ethanol, C 2H5OH?
A. 1.00×1023
B. 3.61×1024
C. 5.00
D. 6.00
(Total 1 mark)
186. What is the coefficient for H2SO4(aq) when the following equation is balanced,
using the smallest possible integers?
__Mg3N2(s) + __H2SO4(aq) → __MgSO4(aq) + __(NH4)2SO4(aq)
A. 1
B. 3
C. 4
D. 7
(Total 1 mark)
187. Air bags in cars inflate when sodium azide decomposes to form sodium and
nitrogen:
2NaN3(s) → 2Na(s) + 3N2(g)
Calculate the amount, in moles, of nitrogen gas produced by the decomposition

of 2.52 mol of NaN3(s).
A. 1.68
B. 2.52
C. 3.78
D. 7.56
(Total 1 mark)
188. What volume, in cm3, of 0.200 mol dm–3 HCl(aq) is required to neutralize 25.0
cm3 of 0.200 mol dm–3 Ba(OH)2(aq)?
A. 12.5
B. 25.0
C. 50.0
D. 75.0
(Total 1 mark)
189. Which species has 54 electrons and 52 protons?
128 2
A. 52 Te
132 2
B. 54 Xe
132 2
C. 54 Xe
128 2
D. 52 Te
(Total 1 mark)
190. What is the correct sequence for the processes occurring in a mass
spectrometer?
A. vaporization, ionization, acceleration, deflection
B. vaporization, acceleration, ionization, deflection
C. ionization, vaporization, acceleration, deflection
D. ionization, vaporization, deflection, acceleration

(Total 1 mark)
191. Which series is arranged in order of increasing radius?
A. Ca2+ < Cl– < K+
B. K+ < Ca2+ < Cl–
C. Ca2+ < K+ < Cl–
D. Cl– < K+ < Ca2+

(Total 1 mark)
192. What is the formula of the compound formed when aluminium reacts with
oxygen?
A. Al3O2
B. Al2O3
C. AlO2
D. AlO3
(Total 1 mark)
193. Which statement is true for compounds containing only covalent bonds?
A. They are held together by electrostatic forces of attraction between

oppositely charged ions.
B. They are made up of metal elements only.
C. They are made up of a metal from the far left of the periodic table and a
non-metal from the far right of the periodic table.
D. They are made up of non-metal elements only.

(Total 1 mark)
194. How many electrons are used in the carbon-carbon bond in C 2H2?
A. 4
B. 6
C. 10
D. 12
(Total 1 mark)
195. Which compound has the highest boiling point?
A. CH3CH2CH3
B. CH3CH2OH
C. CH3OCH3
D. CH3CHO
(Total 1 mark)
196. What type of solid materials are typically hard, have high melting points and
poor electrical conductivities?
I. Ionic
II. Metallic
III. Covalent-network
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III
(Total 1 mark)
197. How much energy, in joules, is required to increase the temperature of 2.0 g of
aluminium from 25 to 30 °C? (Specific heat of Al = 0.90 J g –1 K–1).
A. 0.36
B. 4.5
C. 9.0
D. 54
(Total 1 mark)
198. Which combination is correct for a chemical reaction that absorbs heat from the
surroundings?
ΔH at constant
Type of reaction
pressure
A. Exothermic Positive
B. Exothermic Negative
C. Endothermic Positive
D. Endothermic Negative
(Total 1 mark)
199. Using the equations below:
C(s) + O2(g) → CO2(g) ∆Hο = –394 kJ mol–1
Mn(s) + O2(g) → MnO2(s) ∆Hο = –520 kJ mol–1
What is ∆H, in kJ, for the following reaction?
MnO2(s) + C(s) → Mn(s) + CO2(g)
A. 914
B. 126
C. –126
D. –914
(Total 1 mark)
200. Excess magnesium, was added to a beaker of aqueous hydrochloric acid. A
graph of the mass of the beaker and contents was plotted against time (line 1).
M ass 1
Tim e
What change in the experiment could give line 2?
A. The same mass of magnesium in smaller pieces
B. The same volume of a more concentrated solution of hydrochloric acid
C. A lower temperature
D. A more accurate instrument to measure the time

(Total 1 mark)
201. Which quantities in the enthalpy level diagram are altered by the use of a
catalyst?
I II
E n th a lp y
III
Tim e
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III
(Total 1 mark)
202. The sequence of diagrams represents the system as time passes for a gas
phase reaction in which reactant X is converted to product Y.
D iag ram 1 D ia g ram 2 D iag ram D iag ram 4

t = 7 se co nd s t = 5 m in u tes t = 1 0 m inu tes t = 5 d ay s
Tim e , t
X =
Y=
A. At t = 5 days the rate of the forward reaction is greater than the rate of the
backward reaction.
B. At t = 7 seconds the reaction has reached completion.
C. At t = 10 minutes the system has reached a state of equilibrium.
D. At t = 5 days the rate of the forward reaction is less than the rate of the
backward reaction.
(Total 1 mark)
203. What changes occur when the temperature is increased in the following
reaction at equilibrium?
Br2(g) + Cl2(g) 2BrCl(g) ∆Hο = +14 kJ mol–1
Value of equilibrium
Position of equilibrium
constant
A. Shifts towards the reactants Decreases
B. Shifts towards the reactants Increases
C. Shifts towards the products Decreases
D. Shifts towards the products Increases
(Total 1 mark)
204. Which species can act as a Lewis acid?
A. BF3
B. OH–
C. H2O
D. NH3
(Total 1 mark)
205. Which substance, when dissolved in water, to give a 0.1 mol dm –3 solution, has
the highest pH?
A. HCl
B. NaCl
C. NH3
D. NaOH
(Total 1 mark)
206. What is the reducing agent in this reaction?

Cu(s) + 2 NO 3 (aq) + 4H+(aq) → Cu2+(aq) + 2NO2(g) + 2H2O(l)
A. Cu(s)
B. NO 3 (aq)
C. Cu2+(aq)
D. H+(aq)
(Total 1 mark)
207. A particular voltaic cell is made from magnesium and iron half-cells. The overall
equation for the reaction occurring in the cell is
Mg(s) + Fe2+(aq) → Mg2+(aq) + Fe(s)
Which statement is correct when the cell produces electricity?
A. Magnesium atoms lose electrons.
B. The mass of the iron electrode decreases.
C. Electrons flow from the iron half-cell to the magnesium half-cell.
D. Negative ions flow through the salt bridge from the magnesium half-cell to
the iron half-cell.
(Total 1 mark)
208. What process occurs at the cathode in a voltaic cell and at the anode in an
electrolytic cell?
Anode of
Cathode of
Electrolytic
voltaic cell
cell
A. Oxidation Reduction
B. Oxidation Oxidation
C. Reduction Oxidation
D. Reduction Reduction
(Total 1 mark)
209. Which statement about successive members of all homologous series is

correct?
A. They have the same empirical formula.
B. They differ by a CH2 group.
C. They have the same physical properties.
D. They differ in their degree of unsaturation.

(Total 1 mark)
210. The following is a three-dimensional representation of an organic molecule.
A. The correct IUPAC name of the molecule is 2-methylpentane.
B. All the bond angles will be approximately 90°.
C. One isomer of this molecule is pentane.
D. The boiling point of this compound would be higher than that of pentane.
(Total 1 mark)
211. Which compound forms when hydrogen bromide is added to but-2-ene?
A. 2-bromobutane
B. 2,3-dibromobutane
C. 1-bromobutane
D. 1,2-dibromobutane
(Total 1 mark)
212. Which products can be potentially obtained from crude oil and are economically
important?
I. Plastics
II. Margarine
III. Motor fuel
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III
(Total 1 mark)
213. Propane, C3H8, undergoes incomplete combustion in a limited amount of air.
Which products are most likely to be formed during this reaction?
A. Carbon monoxide and water
B. Carbon monoxide and hydrogen
C. Carbon dioxide and hydrogen
D. Carbon dioxide and water

(Total 1 mark)
214. The following diagram shows a set of experimental data points, X, determined
when one experimental measurement was repeated three times. The centre of
the diagram represents the ideal value calculated from theory. What statement
is correct about these measurements?
XXX
A. The measurements involve low accuracy and low precision.
B. The measurements involve low accuracy and high precision.
C. The measurements involve high accuracy and low precision.
D. The measurements involve high accuracy and high precision.

(Total 1 mark)
215. What is the electron configuration for the copper(I) ion, (Z = 29)?
A. [Ar]4s23d9
B. [Ar]4s13d10
C. [Ar]4s13d9
D. [Ar]3d10
(Total 1 mark)
216. Which salts form coloured solutions when dissolved in water?
I. FeCl3
II. NiCl2
III. ZnCl2
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III
(Total 1 mark)
217. How many sigma (σ) and pi (π) bonds are present in the structure of HCN?
σ π
A. 1 3
B. 2 3
C. 2 2
D. 3 1
(Total 1 mark)
218. How many lone pairs and bonding pairs of electrons surround xenon in the
XeF4 molecule?
Lone pairs Bonding pairs

A. 4 8
B. 0 8
C. 0 4
D. 2 4
(Total 1 mark)
219. Which reaction has the most negative ∆Hο value?
A. LiF(s) → Li+(g) + F–(g)
B. Li+(g) + F–(g) → LiF(s)
C. NaCl(s) → Na+(g) + Cl–(g)
D. Na+(g) + Cl–(g) → NaCl(s)

(Total 1 mark)
220. Which equation represents the electron affinity of calcium?
A. Ca(g) →Ca+(g) + e–
B. Ca(g) →Ca–(g) + e–
C. Ca(g) + e– → Ca–(g)
D. Ca+(g) + e– → Ca(g)
(Total 1 mark)
221. Which reaction causes a decrease in the entropy of the system?
A. CaCO3(s) → CaO(s) + CO2(g)
B. 2H2(g) + O2(g) → 2H2O(l)
C. 2C(s) + O2(g) → 2CO(g)
D. 2SO3(g) → 2SO2(g) + O2(g)

(Total 1 mark)
222. What are the signs of ∆Hο and ∆Sο for a reaction that is non-spontaneous at low
temperature but spontaneous at high temperature?
Hο Sο
A. – –
B. + –
C. – +
D. + +
(Total 1 mark)
223. What is the order of reaction with respect to NO2(g) and F2(g) given the
following rate data at a certain temperature?
[NO2(g)] / mol [F2(g)] / mol dm– Rate / mol dm–3

dm–3 3
min–1
0.1 0.2 0.1
0.2 0.2 0.4
0.1 0.4 0.2
Order with respect to Order with respect to

NO2(g) F2(g)
A. first first
B. first second
C. second first
D. second second
(Total 1 mark)
224. For the reaction below:
H2(g) + I2(g) 2HI(g)
at a certain temperature, the equilibrium concentrations, in mol dm –3, are
[H2(g)] = 0.30, [I2(g)] = 0.30, [HI(g)] = 3.0
What is the value of Kc?
A. 1.0×10–2
B. 10
C. 33
D. 1.0×102
(Total 1 mark)
225. A liquid and its vapour are at equilibrium inside a sealed container. Which
change will alter the equilibrium vapour pressure of the liquid in the container?
A. Adding more liquid
B. Adding more vapour
C. Decreasing the volume of the container
D. Decreasing the temperature

(Total 1 mark)
226. Which methods will distinguish between equimolar solutions of a strong base
and a strong acid?
I. Add magnesium to each solution and look for the formation of gas
bubbles.
II. Add aqueous sodium hydroxide to each solution and measure the
temperature change.
III. Use each solution in a circuit with a battery and lamp and see how
bright the lamp glows.
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III
(Total 1 mark)
227. Which values are correct for a 0.010 mol dm–3 solution of NaOH(aq) at 298 K?
(Kw = 1.0×10–14 mol2 dm–6 at 298 K)
A. [H+] = 1.0×10–12 mol dm–3 and pH = 12.00
B. [OH–] = 1.0×10–12 mol dm–3 and pH = 12.00
C. [H+] = 1.0×10–12 mol dm–3 and pOH = 12.00
D. [OH–] = 1.0×10–12 mol dm–3 and pOH = 12.00

(Total 1 mark)
228. At 25 °C, Ka for an acid is 1.0×10–2. What is the value of Kb for its conjugate
base?
A. 1.0×102
B. 1.0×10–2
C. 1.0×1012
D. 1.0×10–12
(Total 1 mark)
229. Which statement about indicators is always correct?
A. The mid-point of the pH range of an indicator is 7.
B. The pH range is greater for indicators with higher pKa values.
C. The colour red indicates an acidic solution.
D. The pKa value of the indicator is within its pH range.

(Total 1 mark)
230. Consider the following reaction:
H2SO3(aq) + Sn4+(aq) + H2O(l) → Sn2+(aq) + HSO4–(aq) + 3H+(aq)
A. H2SO3 is the reducing agent because it undergoes reduction.
B. H2SO3 is the reducing agent because it undergoes oxidation.
C. Sn4+ is the oxidizing agent because it undergoes oxidation.
D. Sn4+ is the reducing agent because it undergoes oxidation.

(Total 1 mark)
231. Which processes occur during the electrolysis of molten sodium chloride?
I. Sodium and chloride ions move through the electrolyte.

II. Electrons move through the external circuit.
III. Oxidation takes place at the anode.
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III
(Total 1 mark)
232. Which equation represents the reduction process occurring in the standard
hydrogen electrode?
A. H2(g) → 2H+(aq) + 2e–
B. H+(aq) + OH–(aq) → H2O(l)
C. 2H+(aq) + 2e– → H2(g)
D. O2(g) + 4H+(aq) + 4e– → 2H2O(l)

(Total 1 mark)
233. Which statement is correct about the value of Eο?
A. The more positive the value of Eο, the greater the driving force for
reduction.
B. The more negative the value of Eο, the greater the driving force for
reduction.
C. The more positive the value of Eο, the greater the rate of reaction.
D. The more negative the value of Eο, the greater the rate of reaction.
(Total 1 mark)
234. Which combination is correct for the complex ion in [Co(NH 3)4(H2O)Cl]Br?
Overall charge of
Oxidation state of Shape of the complex
the
cobalt ion
complex ion
A. +2 Octahedral +2
B. +3 Octahedral –1
C. +2 Octahedral +1
D. +2 Tetrahedral +1
(Total 1 mark)
235. What is the product of the following reaction?
Ni
CH3CH2CH2CN + H2 
A. CH3CH2CH2NH2
B. CH3CH2CH2CH3
C. CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3
D. CH3CH2CH2CH2NH2
(Total 1 mark)
236. What is the correct IUPAC name for the following compound?
CH 3CHCH 2CH 2CN
CH 3
A. 4-methylbutanenitrile
B. 4-methylpentanenitrile
C. 2-methylbutanenitrile
D. 2-methylpentanenitrile
(Total 1 mark)
237. What is the organic product of the reaction between ethanol and ethanoic acid
in the presence of sulfuric acid?
A. CH3CHO
B. CH3COOCH3
C. CH3CH2COOCH3
D. CH3COOCH2CH3
(Total 1 mark)
238. Which compound can exist as optical isomers?
A. H2NCH2COOH
B. H3CCONH2
C. H3CCHBrI
D. HCOOCH3
(Total 1 mark)

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1. In which complexes does iron have an oxidation number of +3?

B. I and III only

C. II and III only

2. Which molecule has an octahedral shape?

B. I and III only

C. II and III only

4. Consider the equations below.

CH4(g) + O2(g) → HCHO(l) + H2O(l) ∆HO = x

What is the enthalpy change of the reaction below?

2H2(g) + O2(g) → 2H2O(l) ∆HO = –572 kJ

which statement is correct?

A. The standard enthalpy change of combustion of H 2(g) is –286 kJ mol–1.

B. The standard enthalpy change of combustion of H 2(g) is +286 kJ mol–1.

C. The standard enthalpy change of formation of H2O(l) is –572 kJ mol–1.

D. The standard enthalpy change of formation of H2O(l) is +572 kJ mol–1.

6. Which is a correct definition of lattice enthalpy?

A. It is the enthalpy change that occurs when an electron is removed from 1

B. It is the enthalpy change that occurs when 1 mol of a compound is formed

7. Which reaction has the largest increase in entropy?

A. H2(g) + Cl2(g) → 2HCl(g)

B. Al(OH)3(s) + NaOH(aq) → Al(OH)4–(aq) + Na+(aq)

C. Na2CO3(s) + 2HCl(aq) → 2NaCl(aq) + CO2(g) + H2O(l)

D. BaCl2(aq) + Na2SO4(aq) → BaSO4(s) + 2NaCl(aq)

This reaction occurs according to the following mechanism.

What is the rate expression?

9. What happens when the temperature of a reaction increases?

A. The activation energy increases.

B. The rate constant increases.

C. The enthalpy change increases.

D. The order of the reaction increases.

2H2(g) + CO(g) CH3OH(l) ∆HO = –128 kJ

11. Which statements about a liquid are correct?

I. When the temperature of a liquid in a closed container increases, its

III. When the pressure on a liquid increases, its vapour pressure

B. I and III only

C. II and III only

B. I and III only

C. II and III only

13. Which solutions have a pH less than 7?

B. I and III only

C. II and III only

A. The initial pH values of both acids are equal.

B. At the equivalence points, the solutions of both titrations have pH values of

C. The same volume of sodium hydroxide is needed to reach the equivalence

A. Molecules of bromophenol blue, HIn, are blue.

B. At pH < 3.0, a solution of bromophenol blue contains more ions, In –, than

C. The pKa of bromophenol blue is between 3.0 and 4.6.

D. Bromophenol blue is a suitable indicator to titrate ethanoic acid with

Fe(s) + NiCl2(aq) → FeCl2(aq) + Ni(s)

Zn(s) + FeCl2(aq) → ZnCl2(aq) + Fe(s)

Ni(s) + PbCl2(aq) → NiCl2(aq) + Pb(s)

Which is the increasing order of the reactivity of the metals?

A. Fe < Ni < Zn < Pb

B. Pb < Ni < Fe < Zn

C. Ni < Zn < Pb < Fe

D. Zn < Fe < Ni < Pb

Mn2+(aq) + 2e– → Mn(s) EO = –1.19 V