ZAKAT II

SESSION 4
 INTRODUCTION
 The market mechanism is not able to provide a fair (adl)
solution related to the distribution of wealth.
 Various kinds of goods will always fall into the hands of the
rich (able to buy), not the hands of those who need them
most.
 Society will be divided into rich and poor groups and
separated by a very wide and deep income gap.
 Market economies never question whether the resulting
distribution is socially just or not.
 Islam has a solution for this Islam views that justice is one
of the basics of the economic system (Saefudin, 1987).
 Islam is the religion of justice, the religion of justice (Rais,
1998).
 Islam can provide an answer to the inequality of distribution
with zakat instruments.
 Zakat is not only a worship that is vertical, but has a very
sharp horizontal (social) dimension.
 The institution of zakat, shadaqah, infaq is an institution that
carries out a leveling of process for people's lives in general
(Amin Rais (1998).
 It means; the process of structuring (penataan) equitable
(pemerataan) distribution of harmonious justice can be
achieved through: zakat, infaq, shadaqah.
VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL DIMENTION OF
ZAKAT

ALLAH
IBADAH

NEEDY
THE NEEDY
HAVE
DISTRIBUTION OF WEALTH ; LEVELLING PROCESS ; SOCIAL OBLIGATION
 ECONOMIC INEQUALITY
 Natural inequalities cannot be simply eliminated, because
differences in wealth can exist in any society.
 Saefudin (1987): the inequality of the gift of favors (karunia
nikmat) and wealth of economic resources to individuals and
the nation is the power of God (kuasa Allah),
 So that those who are given the advantage are aware of
upholding (sadar dan peduli menegakkan) the equality of
society (egalitarian) and giving thanks (syukur) to Allah.
 It is impossible for economic equalization to occur, this is
caused by differences: the progress of society, natural
differences in ability, intelligence and efficiency.
 Therefore, economic inequality will inevitably occur (pasti
terjadi).
 So, efforts for equity are needed: through redistribution with
equality and brotherhood in economic activities, mutual
assistance (help each other) and cooperation.
 Zakat plays an important and significant role in the
distribution of income and wealth.
 ZAKAT FOR COMMUNITY (UMMAH) DEVELOPMENT

 By making zakat an obligation for every wealthy Muslim to pay

zakat on commercial goods and others, zakat will stimulate
people to invest their wealth (so as not to be consumed by
zakat) in order to develop and thereby increase the entire
wealth of society.
 Zakat will prevent the tendency to hoard resources, and cash
that is not used, it also provides a strong impetus (dorongan)
to invest the unused stock.
 It should be noted that Islam allows profit.
 Effect: Economic growth.
 THE EFFECT OF ZAKAT PROVISIONS ON
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

purchasing
people's power
provisions of stimulate employment increases
zakat economy income
investment grows increases (economic
increases
welfare
increases)
 THE EFFECT OF DISTRIBUTED ZAKAT ON
ECONOMIC GROWTH
• In terms of distributed assets, it will
significantly develop the socio-economic life
of the community,
• The economic gap will narrow and the security
of the community will be more guaranteed,
because there is no grudge from the Muslim
community against the rich.
ZAKAT DISTRIBUTION FROM MUZAKI TO
MUSTAHIK

The needy
(Mustahik)

The needy
The Rich The needy
(Mustahik) (Mustahik)
(Muzaki)

The needy
(Mustahik)
 With the flow of wealth from the rich (large circle) to the poor
(small circle) sincerely because of Allah (ikhlas) (one-way arrow)
then the purchasing power of the poor will increase (the circle will
enlarge),
 Those who were originally unable to enter the market will be able
to enter the market (because they have purchasing power).
 This means that zakat can solve the problem of market failure.
 The increasing number of people with purchasing power will have a
positive impact: increasing demand for certain goods, this
condition is very beneficial for the business world, because the
goods they produce become more salable (laku) and the industry
will develop, creating new jobs, increasing people's income, turning
mustahik into muzaki .
 Distribution of zakat can be realized in two forms;
 (1) in cash, which can be used to meet their daily needs and
 (2) in kind, which is in the form of capital so that their future will be
more secure.
 Distrubuted
zakat

Turning Increasing
mustahik purchasing
into muzaki power

Zakat
encourages
sustainable Increasing
Increasing
economic demand for
people's
certain
income
growth goods

Creating Industry will

new jobs develop
 GOVERNMENT ROLE
• The implementation of zakat by the state will support the formation
of economic conditions: namely increasing productivity as well as
income distribution and increasing employment opportunities for
the community.
• Islam encourages the involvement of the state in the collection and
distribution of zakat.
• Zakat is a financial obligation obtained from the rich to be given to
the poor. The executor is the state through zakat officers (amil
zakat).
• Against those who refuse to pay zakat, the government is allowed
to coerce (paksa), confiscate(sita) their property and the
government fights people who refuse to pay zakat.
• Because of the importance of zakat which has a good socio-
economic impact, Abu Bakr occasionally fights Muslims who do not
pay zakat even though they pray.6.