Module Homeostasis and excre on Seminar 7.2.

1. Energy metabolism in the kidney

Fill the table about energy metabolism in kidney

Part of kidney Dominant type A dominant way Major nutrients Output of ATP per
of metabolism in of ATP forma on (substrates) 1 mol of substrate
terms of oxygen
dependence
Cortex Aerobic Oxida ve 1. Glucose 38 ATP
phosphoryla on 2. Lactate 18 ATP
3. Amino acid
Glutamine 12 ATP
4. FA
(saturated
with 16C) 106

Medulla Anaerobic Substate-linked 1. Glucose 2

phosphoryla on

2. Reabsorp on of glucose in kidney

Fill the table

Site of glucose Mechanism of glucose Mechanism of glucose Failure to reabsorb glucose

reabsorp on in kidney reabsorp on via apical transfer from tubular cell
membrane of tubular cells into blood Name of the Causes by a
phenomenon mechanism and by
kidney damage
PCT Secondary ac ve transport Facilitated di usion via Glucosuria 1. Glomeronephri s
mediated SGLT-1+ SGLT-2 GLUT-2 2. Hyperglycemia

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 3. Reabsorp on of amino acids in kidney

Fill the table

Site of amino acid Mechanism of amino acid Failure to reabsorb glucose

reabsorp on in kidney reabsorp on via apical
membrane of tubular cells Name of the Causes by a mechanism
phenomenon and by kidney damage
PCT Symport with Na (apical Aminoaciduria 1. Gene c abnormali es
membrane) Secondary in aminoacid transporter
ac ve transport ori n amino metabolism.
2. Glomerulonephri s
Facilitated di usion via
basolateral membrane

4. Characterize vasopressin by lling the table

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 Alterna ve name Site of synthesis Site of secre on S muli of secre on Mechanism of ac on

Target cells Types of A way of signal Physiological

receptors transduc on response
from receptors
ADH Hypothalamus SO Posterior pituitary Low BP Water
and PV nuclei (neurohypophysis) Increase in soluble
osmolality combine
with
membrane
receptors

1. Epithelial V-2 Adenylate cyslase Water

cells of CD system reabsorp on
and late
DCT

2.SMC of V-1 Phospholipase C Vasoconstric on,

arteries and increase in BP
arterioles
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 5. Characterize aldosterone by lling the table

Site of synthesis Transporta on by Regulators of Mechanism of ac on

and primary blood synthesis
substrate of Target cells Types of receptors A way of cellular Physiological
synthesis response to response
aldosterone
Cells of Albumine is a 1. Ac vator – CD + DCT Mineralocor coid Ac vate gene Na+water
z.glomerulosa in transporter of agiotensin II receptors expression – reabsor on
adrenal cortex aldosterone 2. Supressor - NUP (intracellular) EnaC
Na/K-pump
Cholesterol! Krebs cycle enz.

6. Characterize natriure c pep des (NUP) by lling the table

Site of synthesis Types and structure Mechanism of ac on

and secre on. of NUP‘s
Target cells Types of A way of cellular Physiological
receptors response to NUP response
Atria of the heart Atrial NUP 1. SMC of Membrane cGMP Vasodila on
arteries and R produc on, (decrease in BP)
Ventricles of the Brain NUP arterioles Guanylate ac vates PKG
heart cyclase
2. Cells of
Endothelial cells of C-terminal NUP z.glomerulosa Decrease in Na
blood vessels and water
reabsorp on

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