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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

"Andre Young" and "Doctor Dre" redirect here. For other uses, see Andre Young
(disambiguation). Not to be confused with Doctor Dré.
 Dr. Dre

Dr. Dre in 2013

Born Andre Romelle Young

February 18, 1965 (age 58)

Compton, California, U.S.

 Brickhard
Other names
 The Mechanic

Education John C. Fremont High School

Occupations  Rapper

 record producer

 actor

 entrepreneur

 record executive

Years active 1985–present
 Nicole Plotzker
Spouse

(m. 1996; div. 2021)

Children 8

Relatives Sir Jinx (cousin)

Warren G (step-brother)

Olaijah Griffin (step-nephew)

Awards Full list

Musical career

Genres  West Coast hip hop

 gangsta rap

 G-funk

Labels  Interscope

 Aftermath

 Death Row

 Priority

 Ruthless

 Kru-Cut

 Epic

Formerly of  World Class Wreckin' Cru

 N.W.A

Website www.drdre.com

Andre Romelle Young (born February 18, 1965), known professionally as Dr. Dre, is
an American rapper and record producer. He is the founder and CEO of Aftermath
Entertainment and Beats Electronics, and previously co-founded, co-owned, and was
the president of Death Row Records. Dr. Dre began his career as a member of
the World Class Wreckin' Cru in 1985 and later found fame with the gangsta
rap group N.W.A. The group popularized explicit lyrics in hip hop to detail the violence
of street life. During the early 1990s, Dre was credited as a key figure in the crafting and
popularization of West Coast G-funk, a subgenre of hip hop characterized by
a synthesizer foundation and slow, heavy beats.
Dre's solo debut studio album The Chronic (1992), released under Death Row Records,
made him one of the best-selling American music artists of 1993. It earned him
a Grammy Award for Best Rap Solo Performance for the single "Let Me Ride", as well
as several accolades for the single "Nuthin' but a 'G' Thang". That year, he produced
Death Row labelmate Snoop Doggy Dogg's debut album Doggystyle and mentored
producers such as his stepbrother Warren G (leading to the multi-platinum
debut Regulate...G Funk Era in 1994) and Snoop Dogg's cousin Daz Dillinger (leading
to the double-platinum debut Dogg Food by Tha Dogg Pound in 1995), as well as
mentor to upcoming producers Sam Sneed and Mel-Man. In 1996, Dr. Dre left Death
Row Records to establish his own label, Aftermath Entertainment. He produced a
compilation album, Dr. Dre Presents the Aftermath, in 1996, and released a solo
album, 2001, in 1999.
During the 2000s, Dre focused on producing other artists, occasionally contributing
vocals. He signed Eminem in 1998 and 50 Cent in 2002, and co-produced their albums.
He has produced albums for and overseen the careers of many other rappers,
including the D.O.C., Snoop Dogg, Xzibit, Knoc-turn'al, the Game, Kendrick Lamar,
and Anderson .Paak. Dre has also had acting roles in movies such as Set It Off, The
Wash, and Training Day. He has won seven Grammy Awards, including Producer of the
Year, Non-Classical. Rolling Stone ranked him number 56 on the list of 100 Greatest
Artists of All Time. He was the second-richest figure in hip hop as of 2018 with an
estimated net worth of $800 million.
Accusations of Dre's violence against women have been widely publicized. Following
his assault of television host Dee Barnes, he was fined $2,500, given two years'
probation, ordered to perform 240 hours of community service, and given a spot on an
anti-violence public service announcement. A civil suit was settled out of court. In
2015, Michel'le, the mother of one of his children, accused him of domestic
violence during their time together as a couple. Their abusive relationship is portrayed in
her 2016 biopic Surviving Compton: Dre, Suge & Michel'le. Lisa Johnson, the mother of
three of Dr. Dre's children, stated that he beat her many times, including while she was
pregnant. She was granted a restraining order against him. Former labelmate Tairrie
B claimed that Dre assaulted her at a party in 1990, in response to her track "Ruthless
Bitch". Two weeks following the release of his third album, Compton in August 2015, he
issued an apology to the women "I've hurt". [1]

Early life
Dre was born Andre Romelle Young[2] in Compton, California, on February 18, 1965,
[3]
 the son of Theodore and Verna Young. His middle name is derived from the Romells,
his father's amateur R&B group. His parents married in 1964, separated in 1968, and
divorced in 1972. His mother later remarried to Curtis Crayon and had three children:
sons Jerome and Tyree (both deceased) and daughter Shameka. [4]
In 1976, Dre began attending Vanguard Junior High School in Compton, but due
to gang violence, he transferred to the safer suburban Roosevelt Junior High School.
[5]
 The family moved often and lived in apartments and houses in
Compton, Carson, Long Beach, and the Watts and South Central neighborhoods of Los
Angeles.[6] Dre has said that he was mostly raised by his grandmother in the New
Wilmington Arms housing project in Compton.[7] His mother later married Warren Griffin,
[8]
 which added three step-sisters and one step-brother to the family; the latter would
eventually begin rapping under the name Warren G.[9] Dre is also the cousin of
producer Sir Jinx. Dre attended Centennial High School in Compton during his
freshman year in 1979, but transferred to Fremont High School in South Central Los
Angeles due to poor grades. He attempted to enroll in an apprenticeship program
at Northrop Aviation Company, but poor grades at school made him ineligible.
Thereafter, he focused on his social life and entertainment for the remainder of his high
school years.[10]
Dre's frequent absences from school jeopardized his position as a diver on his school's
swim team. After high school, he attended Chester Adult School in Compton following
his mother's demands for him to get a job or continue his education. After brief
attendance at a radio broadcasting school, he relocated to the residence of his father
and residence of his grandparents before returning to his mother's house. [11]

Musical career
1985–1986: World Class Wreckin' Cru
Inspired by the Grandmaster Flash song "The Adventures of Grandmaster Flash on the
Wheels of Steel", Dr. Dre often attended a club called Eve's After Dark to watch many
DJs and rappers performing live. He subsequently became a DJ in the club, initially
under the name "Dr. J", based on the nickname of Julius Erving, his favorite basketball
player. At the club, he met aspiring rapper Antoine Carraby, later to become member DJ
Yella of N.W.A.[12] Soon afterwards he adopted the moniker Dr. Dre, a mix of previous
alias Dr. J and his first name, referring to himself as the "Master of Mixology". [13]
Eve After Dark had a back room with a small four-track studio. In this studio, Dre and
Yella recorded several demos. In their first recording session, they recorded a song
entitled "Surgery".[14][15] Dr. Dre's earliest recordings were released in 1994 on a
compilation titled Concrete Roots. Critic Stephen Thomas
Erlewine of allmusic described the compiled music, released "several years before Dre
developed a distinctive style", as "surprisingly generic and unengaging" and "for
dedicated fans only".[16]
Dre later joined the musical group World Class Wreckin' Cru, which released its debut
album under the Kru-Cut label in 1985.[17] The group would become stars of the electro-
hop scene that dominated early-mid 1980s West Coast hip hop. "Surgery", which was
officially released after being recorded prior to the group's official formation, would
prominently feature Dr. Dre on the turntable. The record would become the group's first
hit, selling 50,000 copies within the Compton area.[18] Dr. Dre and DJ Yella also
performed mixes for local radio station KDAY, boosting ratings for its afternoon rush-
hour show The Traffic Jam.[19]
1986–1991: N.W.A and Ruthless Records
"Fuck Tha Police"

0:30

from Straight Outta Compton

Problems playing this file? See media help.

Poster for one of N.W.A's first concerts at a Compton skating rink, 1988

In 1986, Dr. Dre met rapper O'Shea Jackson—known as Ice Cube—who collaborated
with him to record songs for Ruthless Records, a hip hop record label run by local
rapper Eazy-E. N.W.A and fellow West Coast rapper Ice-T are widely credited as
seminal artists of the gangsta rap genre, a profanity-heavy subgenre of hip hop, replete
with gritty depictions of urban crime and gang lifestyle. Not feeling constricted to racially
charged political issues pioneered by rap artists such as Public Enemy or Boogie Down
Productions, N.W.A favored themes and uncompromising lyrics, offering stark
descriptions of violent, inner-city streets. Propelled by the hit "Fuck tha Police", the
group's first full album Straight Outta Compton became a major success, despite an
almost complete absence of radio airplay or major concert tours. The Federal Bureau of
Investigation sent Ruthless Records a warning letter in response to the song's content. [20]
After Ice Cube left N.W.A in 1989 over financial disputes, Dr. Dre produced and
performed for much of the group's second album Efil4zaggin. He also produced tracks
for a number of other acts on Ruthless Records, including Eazy-E's 1988 solo
debut Eazy-Duz-It, Above the Law's 1990 debut Livin' Like Hustlers, Michel'le's
1989 self-titled debut, the D.O.C.'s 1989 debut No One Can Do It Better, J.J. Fad's
1988 debut Supersonic and funk rock musician Jimmy Z's 1991 album Muzical
Madness.[21][22]
1991–1996: The Chronic and Death Row Records
"Nuthin' But a 'G' Thang"

0:30

from The Chronic

Problems playing this file? See media help.

After a dispute with Eazy-E, Dre left the group at the peak of its popularity in 1991 under
the advice of friend, and N.W.A lyricist, the D.O.C. and his bodyguard at the time, Suge
Knight. Knight, a notorious strongman and intimidator, was able to have Eazy-E release
Young from his contract and, using Dr. Dre as his flagship artist, founded Death Row
Records. In 1992, Young released his first single, the title track to the film Deep Cover,
a collaboration with rapper Snoop Dogg, whom he met through Warren G.[20] Dr. Dre's
debut solo album was The Chronic, released under Death Row Records with Suge
Knight as executive producer. Young ushered in a new style of rap, both in terms of
musical style and lyrical content, including introducing a number of artists to the industry
including Snoop Dogg, Kurupt, Daz Dillinger, RBX, the Lady of Rage, Nate
Dogg and Jewell.[23]

Logo used by Chronic-era Dr. Dre

On the strength of singles such as "Nuthin' but a 'G' Thang", "Let Me Ride", and "Fuck
wit Dre Day (and Everybody's Celebratin')" (known as "Dre Day" for radio and television
play), all of which featured Snoop Dogg as guest vocalist, The Chronic became a
cultural phenomenon, its G-funk sound dominating much of hip hop music for the early
1990s.[20] In 1993, the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) certified the
album triple platinum,[24] and Dr. Dre also won the Grammy Award for Best Rap Solo
Performance for his performance on "Let Me Ride". [25] For that year, Billboard magazine
also ranked Dr. Dre as the eighth best-selling musical artist, The Chronic as the sixth
best-selling album, and "Nuthin' but a 'G' Thang" as the 11th best-selling single. [26]
"California Love" earned Dr. Dre his first number one spot on the Billboard Hot 100 and
two Grammy nominations.

Besides working on his own material, Dr. Dre produced Snoop Dogg's debut
album Doggystyle, which became the first debut album for an artist to enter
the Billboard 200 album charts at number one.[27] In 1994 Dr. Dre produced some songs
on the soundtracks to the films Above the Rim and Murder Was the Case. He
collaborated with fellow N.W.A member Ice Cube for the song "Natural Born Killaz" in
1995.[20] For the film Friday, Dre recorded "Keep Their Heads Ringin'", which reached
number ten on the Billboard Hot 100 and number 1 on the Hot Rap Singles (now Hot
Rap Tracks) charts.[28]
In 1995, Death Row Records signed rapper 2Pac, and began to position him as their
major star: he collaborated with Dr. Dre on the commercially successful single
"California Love", which became both artists' first song to top the Billboard Hot 100.[20]
[29]
 However, in March 1996 Young left the label amidst a contract dispute and growing
concerns that label boss Suge Knight was corrupt, financially dishonest and out of
control. Later that year, he formed his own label, Aftermath Entertainment, under the
distribution label for Death Row Records, Interscope Records.[20] Subsequently, Death
Row Records suffered poor sales by 1997, especially following the death of 2Pac and
the racketeering charges brought against Knight.[30]
Dr. Dre also appeared on the single "No Diggity" by R&B group Blackstreet in 1996: it
too was a sales success, topping the Hot 100 for four consecutive weeks, and later won
the award for Best R&B Vocal by a Duo or Group at the 1997 Grammy Awards.[31] After
hearing it for the first time, several of Dr. Dre's former Death Row colleagues, including
2Pac, recorded and attempted to release a song titled "Toss It Up", containing
numerous insults aimed at Dr. Dre and using a deliberately similar instrumental to "No
Diggity", but were forced to replace the production after Blackstreet issued the label with
a cease and desist order stopping them from distributing the song. [32]
1996–2000: Move to Aftermath Entertainment and 2001

Logo used by 2001-era Dr. Dre

The Dr. Dre Presents the Aftermath album, released on November 26, 1996, featured
songs by Dr. Dre himself, as well as by newly signed Aftermath Entertainment artists,
and a solo track "Been There, Done That", intended as a symbolic farewell to gangsta
rap.[33] Despite being classified platinum by the RIAA,[24] the album was not very popular
among music fans.[20] In October 1996, Dre performed "Been There, Done That"
on Saturday Night Live.[34] In 1997, Dr. Dre produced several tracks on the Firm's The
Album; it was met with largely negative reviews from critics. Rumors began to abound
that Aftermath was facing financial difficulties. [35] Aftermath Entertainment also faced
a trademark infringement lawsuit by the underground thrash metal band Aftermath. [36]
First Round Knock Out, a compilation of various tracks produced and performed by Dr.
Dre, was also released in 1996, with material ranging from World Class Wreckin' Cru to
N.W.A to Death Row recordings.[37] Dr. Dre chose to take no part in the ongoing East
Coast–West Coast hip hop rivalry of the time, instead producing for, and appearing on,
several New York artists' releases, such as Nas' "Nas Is Coming", LL Cool J's "Zoom"
and Jay-Z's "Watch Me".
The turning point for Aftermath came in 1998, when Dre's close friend, Jimmy Iovine,
the co-founder of Interscope Records (parent label for Aftermath), suggested that Dr.
Dre sign Eminem, a white rapper from Detroit. Dre produced three songs and provided
vocals for two on Eminem's successful and controversial debut album The Slim Shady
LP, released in 1999.[38] The Dr. Dre-produced lead single from that album, "My Name
Is", brought Eminem to public attention for the first time, and the success of The Slim
Shady LP – it reached number two on the Billboard 200 and received general acclaim
from critics – revived the label's commercial ambitions and viability. [38][39][40]

"Still D.R.E."

0:29

from 2001

Problems playing this file? See media help.

Ticket for Dr. Dre's Up in Smoke Tour in Albany, New York, July 2000

Dr. Dre's second solo album, 2001, released on November 16, 1999, was considered
an ostentatious return to his gangsta rap roots. [41] It was initially titled The Chronic
2000 to imply being a sequel to his debut solo effort The Chronic but was re-
titled 2001 after Death Row Records released an unrelated compilation album with the
title Suge Knight Represents: Chronic 2000 in May 1999. Other tentative titles
included The Chronic 2001 and Dr. Dre.[42]
The album featured numerous collaborators, including Devin the Dude, Snoop
Dogg, Kurupt, Xzibit, Nate Dogg, Eminem, Knoc-turn'al, King T, Defari, Kokane, Mary J.
Blige and new protégé Hittman, as well as co-production between Dre and new
Aftermath producer Mel-Man. Stephen Thomas Erlewine of the
website AllMusic described the sound of the album as "adding ominous strings, soulful
vocals, and reggae" to Dr. Dre's style.[41] The album was highly successful, charting at
number two on the Billboard 200 charts[43] and has since been certified six times
platinum,[24] validating a recurring theme on the album: Dr. Dre was still a force to be
reckoned with, despite the lack of major releases in the previous few years. The album
included popular hit singles "Still D.R.E." and "Forgot About Dre", both of which Dr. Dre
performed on NBC's Saturday Night Live on October 23, 1999.[44] Dr. Dre won
the Grammy Award for Producer of the Year, Non-Classical in 2000,[20] and joined the Up
in Smoke Tour with fellow rappers Eminem, Snoop Dogg, and Ice Cube that year as
well.[45]
2000–2010: Focus on production and Detox

Dr. Dre in 2008

Following the success of 2001, Dr. Dre focused on producing songs and albums for
other artists. He co-produced six tracks on Eminem's landmark Marshall Mathers LP,
including the Grammy-winning lead single, "The Real Slim Shady". The album itself
earned a Grammy and proved to be the fastest-selling rap album of all time, moving
1.76 million units in its first week alone.[46] He produced the single "Family Affair" by R&B
singer Mary J. Blige for her album No More Drama in 2001.[47] He also produced "Let Me
Blow Ya Mind", a duet by rapper Eve and No Doubt lead singer Gwen Stefani[48] and
signed R&B singer Truth Hurts to Aftermath in 2001.[49]
Dr. Dre produced and rapped on singer and Interscope labelmate Bilal's 2001 single
"Fast Lane", which barely missed the Top 40 of the R&B charts.[50] He later assisted in
the production of Bilal's second album, Love for Sale,[51] which Interscope controversially
shelved because of its creative direction. [52] Dr. Dre was the executive producer of
Eminem's 2002 release, The Eminem Show. He produced three songs on the album,
one of which was released as a single, and he appeared in the award-winning video for
"Without Me". He also produced the D.O.C.'s 2003 album Deuce, where he made a
guest appearance on the tracks "Psychic Pymp Hotline", "Gorilla Pympin'" and
"Judgment Day".
In 2002, Dr. Dre signed rapper 50 Cent to Aftermath in a joint venture between
Interscope and Eminem's Shady Records. Dr. Dre served as executive producer for 50
Cent's commercially successful February 2003 debut studio album Get Rich or Die
Tryin'. Dr. Dre produced or co-produced four tracks on the album, including the hit
single "In da Club".[53] Eminem's fourth album since joining Aftermath, Encore, again saw
Dre taking on the role of executive producer, and this time he was more actively
involved in the music, producing or co-producing a total of eight tracks, including three
singles.
Dr. Dre also produced "How We Do", a 2005 hit single from rapper the Game from his
album The Documentary,[54] as well as tracks on 50 Cent's successful second album The
Massacre. For an issue of Rolling Stone magazine in April 2005, Dr. Dre was ranked
54th out of 100 artists for Rolling Stone magazine's list "The Immortals: The Greatest
Artists of All Time". Kanye West wrote the summary for Dr. Dre, where he stated Dr.
Dre's song "Xxplosive" as where he "got (his) whole sound from". [55]
In November 2006, Dr. Dre began working with Raekwon on his album Only Built 4
Cuban Linx II.[56] He also produced tracks for the rap albums Buck the World by Young
Buck,[57] Curtis by 50 Cent,[58] Tha Blue Carpet Treatment by Snoop Dogg,[59] and Kingdom
Come by Jay-Z.[60] Dre also appeared on Timbaland's track "Bounce", from his 2007 solo
album, Timbaland Presents Shock Value alongside, Missy Elliott, and Justin
Timberlake.[61] During this period, the D.O.C. stated that Dre had been working with him
on his fourth album Voices through Hot Vessels, which he planned to release
after Detox arrived.[62][63]
Planned but unreleased albums during Dr. Dre's tenure at Aftermath have included a
full-length reunion with Snoop Dogg titled Breakup to Makeup, an album with fellow
former N.W.A member Ice Cube which was to be titled Heltah Skeltah,[21] an N.W.A
reunion album,[21] and a joint album with fellow producer Timbaland titled Chairmen of
the Board.[64]
In 2007, Dr. Dre's third studio album, formerly known as Detox, was slated to be his final
studio album.[65] Work for the upcoming album dates back to 2001, [66] where its first
version was called "the most advanced rap album ever", by producer Scott Storch.
[67]
 Later that same year, he decided to stop working on the album to focus on producing
for other artists, but then changed his mind; the album had initially been set for a fall
2005 release.[68] Producers confirmed to work on the album include DJ Khalil, Nottz,
Bernard "Focus" Edwards Jr.,[69] Hi-Tek,[70] J.R. Rotem,[71] RZA,[72] and Jay-Z.[73] Snoop
Dogg claimed that Detox was finished, according to a June 2008 report by Rolling
Stone magazine.[74]
After another delay based on producing other artists' work, Detox was then scheduled
for a 2010 release, coming after 50 Cent's Before I Self Destruct and
Eminem's Relapse, an album for which Dr. Dre handled the bulk of production duties. [75]
[76]
 In a Dr Pepper commercial that debuted on May 28, 2009, he premiered the first
official snippet of Detox.[77][78] 50 Cent and Eminem asserted in a 2009 interview
on BET's 106 & Park that Dr. Dre had around a dozen songs finished for Detox.[79]
On December 15, 2008, Dre appeared in the remix of the song "Set It Off" by Canadian
rapper Kardinal Offishall (also with Pusha T); the remix debuted on DJ Skee's radio
show.[80] At the beginning of 2009, Dre produced, and made a guest vocal performance
on, the single "Crack a Bottle" by Eminem and the single sold a record 418,000
downloads in its first week[81] and reached the top of the Billboard Hot 100 chart on the
week of February 12, 2009.[82] Along with this single, in 2009 Dr. Dre produced or co-
produced 19 of 20 tracks on Eminem's album Relapse. These included other hit singles
"We Made You", "Old Time's Sake", and "3 a.m." (The only track Dre did not produce
was the Eminem-produced single "Beautiful".).
On April 20, 2010, "Under Pressure", featuring Jay-Z and co-produced with Scott
Storch, was confirmed by Jimmy Iovine and Dr. Dre during an interview at Fenway
Park as the album's first single.[83][84] The song leaked prior to its intended release in an
unmixed, unmastered form without a chorus on June 16, 2010; [85] however, critical
reaction to the song was lukewarm, and Dr. Dre later announced in an interview that the
song, along with any other previously leaked tracks from Detox's recording process,
would not appear on the final version of the album. [86]
Two genuine singles – "Kush", a collaboration with Snoop Dogg and fellow rapper Akon,
and "I Need a Doctor" with Eminem and singer Skylar Grey – were released in the
United States during November 2010 and February 2011 respectively: [87][88] the latter
achieved international chart success, reaching number four on the Billboard Hot 100
and later being certified double platinum by the RIAA and the Australian Recording
Industry Association (ARIA).[24][89] On June 25, 2010, the American Society of Composers,
Authors and Publishers honored Dr. Dre with its Founders Award for inspiring other
musicians.[90][91]
2010–2020: The Planets, hiatus, Coachella, and Compton

Dr. Dre performs at the 2012 Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival.
In an August 2010 interview, Dr. Dre stated that an instrumental album, The Planets,
was in its first stages of production; each song being named after a planet in the Solar
System.[92] On September 3, Dr. Dre showed support to longtime protégé Eminem, and
appeared on his and Jay-Z's Home & Home Tour, performing hit songs such as "Still
D.R.E.", "Nuthin' but a 'G' Thang", and "Crack a Bottle", alongside Eminem and another
protégé, 50 Cent. Sporting an "R.I.P. Proof" shirt, Dre was honored by Eminem telling
Detroit's Comerica Park to do the same. They did so, by chanting "DEEE-TOX", to
which he replied, "I'm coming!"[93]
On November 14, 2011, Dre announced that he would be taking a break from music
after he finished producing for artists Slim the Mobster and Kendrick Lamar. In this
break, he stated that he would "work on bringing his Beats By Dre to a standard as high
as Apple" and would also spend time with his family. [94] On January 9, 2012, Dre
headlined the final nights of the Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival in April 2012.[95]
In June 2014, Marsha Ambrosius stated that she had been working on Detox, but added
that the album would be known under another title . [96] In September 2014, Aftermath in-
house producer Dawaun Parker confirmed the title change and stated that over 300
beats had been created for the album over the years, but few of them have had vocals
recorded over them.[97]
The length of time that Detox had been recorded for, as well as the limited amount of
material that had been officially released or leaked from the recording sessions, had
given it considerable notoriety within the music industry. [98] Numerous release dates
(including the ones mentioned above) had been given for the album over the years
since it was first announced, although none of them transpired to be genuine. [99]
[100]
 Several musicians closely affiliated with Dr. Dre, including Snoop Dogg, fellow
rappers 50 Cent, the Game and producer DJ Quik, had speculated in interviews that the
album will never be released, due to Dr. Dre's business and entrepreneurial ventures
having interfered with recording work, as well as causing him to lose motivation to
record new material.[99][100][101][102]
On August 1, 2015, Dre announced that he would release what would be his final
album, titled Compton. It is inspired by the N.W.A biopic, Straight Outta Compton, and is
a compilation-style album, featuring a number of frequent collaborators, including
Eminem, Snoop Dogg, Kendrick Lamar, Xzibit and the Game, among others. It was
initially released on Apple Music on August 7, with a retail version releasing on August
21.[103][104] In an interview with Rolling Stone, he revealed that he had about 20 to 40 tracks
for Detox but he did not release it because it did not meet his standards. Dre also
revealed that he suffers from social anxiety and due to this, remains secluded and out of
attention.[105]
On February 12, 2016, it was revealed that Apple would create its first original scripted
television series for its then-upcoming Apple TV+ streaming service.[106] Titled Vital
Signs, it was set to reflect Dre's life.[106] He was also an executive producer on the
show[107] before the show's cancellation sometime in September 2018, due to an overly
graphic concept of drugs, gun violence and sex.[108] In October 2016, Sean
Combs brought out Dr. Dre, Snoop Dogg and others on his Bad Boy reunion tour. [109]
In 2018, he produced four songs on Oxnard by Anderson .Paak. He was the executive
producer on the album, as so its follow-up, 2019's Ventura.
2020–present: Return to production and Super Bowl halftime show
Dr. Dre was the executive producer of Eminem's 2020 release, Music To Be Murdered
By. He produced four songs on the album. He also produced two songs on the deluxe
edition of the album, Side B, and appeared on the song, "Gunz Blazing". On September
30, 2021, it was revealed that Dre would perform at the Super Bowl LVI halftime
show alongside Eminem, Snoop Dogg, Mary J. Blige, and Kendrick Lamar. In
December 2021, an update for the video game, Grand Theft Auto Online, predominantly
featured Dre and added some of his previously unreleased tracks which was released
as an EP, The Contract, on February 3, 2022.[110][111] Around this time, Dre announced he
was collaborating with Marsha Ambrosius on Casablanco, and with Mary J. Blige on an
upcoming album.[112][113] Later that year, Snoop Dogg announced that he and Dr. Dre are
in the process of recording their new album, Missionary. Snoop said the album will be
released via Death Row and Aftermath. [114][115]
On February 13, 2022, Dr. Dre performed at the Super Bowl LVI halftime
show alongside Eminem, Snoop Dogg, Kendrick Lamar, and Mary J. Blige,[116] with
surprise appearances from 50 Cent and Anderson. Paak.[117] The performance was met
with critical acclaim and is the first Super Bowl halftime show to win the Primetime
Emmy Award for Outstanding Variety Special (Live).[118] The show also won the
Primetime Emmy Awards for Outstanding Production Design for a Variety
Special and Outstanding Music Direction.[119][120] The same year, he produced numerous
songs including "The King and I", a collaboration between Eminem and CeeLo
Green for the 2022 biopic, Elvis, and a remix of Kanye West's song "Use This Gospel"
for DJ Khaled's album God Did.[121][122]
In September 2022, it was reported that Dr. Dre will compose the original score for the
upcoming animated series, Death for Hire: The Origin of Tehk City. The show is created
by Ice-T and Arabian Prince; based on the graphic novel of the same title, it features the
voice talent of Ice-T, his wife Coco Austin, Snoop Dogg, Busta Rhymes,
and Treach among others.[123]
In February 2023, Dre and Marsha Ambrosius held a listening party for
the Casablanco album in Los Angeles.[124]

Other ventures
Film appearances
Dr. Dre made his first on screen appearance as a weapons dealer in the 1996 bank
robbery movie Set It Off.[125] In 2001, Dr. Dre also appeared in the movies The
Wash and Training Day.[66] A song of his, "Bad Intentions" (featuring Knoc-Turn'Al and
produced by Mahogany), was featured on The Wash soundtrack.[126] Dr. Dre also
appeared on two other songs "On the Blvd." and "The Wash" along with his co-star
Snoop Dogg.
Crucial Films
 Crucial Films

Industry Film production company

Founded 2007

Founder Dr. Dre

Fate Inactive

Owner New Line Cinema

Website crucialfilms.com

In February 2007, it was announced that Dr. Dre would produce dark comedies and
horror films for New Line Cinema-owned company Crucial Films, along with longtime
video director Phillip Atwell. Dr. Dre announced "This is a natural switch for me, since
I've directed a lot of music videos, and I eventually want to get into directing." [127] Along
with fellow member Ice Cube, Dr. Dre produced Straight Outta Compton (2015), a
biographical film about N.W.A.[128]
Entrepreneurship
Beats Electronics

Beats by Dr. Dre logo

In 2006, Dre co-founded Beats Electronics with his partner, Jimmy Iovine. [129] Its first
brand of headphones were launched in July 2008. The line consisted of Beats Studio,
a circumaural headphone; Beats Tour, an in-ear headphone; Beats Solo & Solo HD,
a supra-aural headphone; Beats Spin; Heartbeats by Lady Gaga, also an in-ear
headphone; and Diddy Beats.[130] In late 2009, Hewlett-Packard participated in a deal to
bundle Beats By Dr. Dre with some HP laptops and headsets. [131] HP and Dr. Dre
announced the deal on October 9, 2009, at a press event. An exclusive laptop, known
as the HP ENVY 15 Beats limited edition, was released for sale October 22. In January
2014, Beats Music was introduced and launched as a streaming service. [132] Then, in
May, technology giant Apple purchased the Beats brand for $3.4 billion. [133] The deal
made Dr. Dre the "richest man in hip hop". [134] Dr. Dre became an Apple employee in an
executive role,[135][136] and worked with Apple for years.[137] As of 2022, it was found that
Apple had subtracted $200 million from the deal after entertainer Tyrese
Gibson revealed the news of the acquisition on social media a month before it was
completed without the company's permission.[138]
Philanthropy
During May 2013, Dr. Dre and Jimmy Iovine donated a $70 million endowment to
the University of Southern California to create the USC Jimmy Iovine and Andre Young
Academy for Arts, Technology and the Business of Innovation. The goal of the academy
has been stated as "to shape the future by nurturing the talents, passions, leadership
and risk-taking of uniquely qualified students who are motivated to explore and create
new art forms, technologies, and business models." The first class of the academy
began in September 2014.[139]
In June 2017, it was announced that Dr. Dre has committed $10 million to the
construction of a performing arts center for the new Compton High School. The center
will encompass creative resources and a 1,200-seat theater, and is expected to break
ground in 2020. The project is a partnership between Dr. Dre and the Compton Unified
School District.[140]
Commercial endorsements
In 2002 and 2003, Dr. Dre appeared in TV commercials for Coors Light beer.[141]
Beginning in 2009, Dr. Dre appeared in TV commercials that also featured his Beats
Electronics product line. A 2009 commercial for the Dr Pepper soft drink had Dr. Dre
DJing with Beats headphones and playing a brief snippet off the never-
released Detox album.[77][78] In 2010, Dr. Dre had a cameo in a commercial for HP laptops
that featured a plug for Beats Audio. [141] Then in 2011, the Chrysler 300S "Imported from
Detroit" ad campaign had a commercial narrated by Dr. Dre and including a plug for
Beats Audio.[142]
Dr. Dre started Burning Man rumors
An urban legend surfaced in 2011 when a Tumblr blog titled Dr. Dre Started Burning
Man[143][144] began promulgating the notion that the producer, rapper and entrepreneur had
discovered Burning Man in 1995 during a music video shoot and offered to cover the
cost of the event's permit from the Nevada Bureau of Land Management under an
agreement with the festival's organizers that he could institute an entrance fee system,
which had not existed before his participation. [145][146] This claim was supported by an
alleged letter from Dre to Nicole Threatt Young that indicated that Dre had shared his
experience witnessing the Burning Man festival with her. [147][148]
Business Insider mentions the portion of the letter where Dr. Dre purportedly states
"someone should get behind this ... and make some money off these fools" and
compares Dr. Dre's potential entrepreneurial engagement with Burning Man as a
parallel to Steve Jobs' efforts to centralize and profit from the otherwise unorganized
online music industry.[149] According to Salon, Dr. Dre's ethos seems to be aligned with
seven of the ten principles of the Burning Man community: "radical self-reliance, radical
self-expression, communal effort, civic responsibility, leaving no trace, participation and
immediacy."[145]
Musical influences and style
The space, about the size of a college dorm room, is splattered with papers, ideas
scribbled down in black ink. Nuthin' but G thangs waiting to happen. Those that don't
happen end up in a round, purple L.A. Lakers trash can. A kitchen, red and stainless
steel like a '50s diner, adjoins the control room

— Corey Moss of MTV News, in a 2002 profile of Dr. Dre with a visit to his studio[150]

Production style

Dre in 2011

Dre is noted for his evolving production style, while always keeping in touch with his
early musical sound and re-shaping elements from previous work. At the beginning of
his career as a producer for the World Class Wreckin Cru with DJ Alonzo Williams in the
mid-1980s, his music was in the electro-hop style pioneered by the Unknown DJ, and
that of early hip-hop groups like the Beastie Boys and Whodini.
In 1987, Dr. Dre sampled the Ohio Players' ARP synth riffs from their 1973 funk hit
"Funky Worm" in the N.W.A song "Dopeman". Being the first hip-hop producer to
sample the song,[151] Dre both paved the way for the future popularization of the G-funk
style within hip-hop, and established heavy synthesizer solos as an integral part of his
production style. Dr. Dre was also one of the very first producers to interpolate the then
little-known drum break from The Winstons' "Amen, Brother" in the N.W.A song
"Straight Outta Compton". This break has since becοme a staple in not only hip-hop, but
all popular music, having been used in over 1700 songs. [152]
From Straight Outta Compton on, Dre uses live musicians to replay old melodies rather
than sampling them. With Ruthless Records, collaborators included guitarist Mike
"Crazy Neck" Sims, multi-instrumentalist Colin Wolfe, DJ Yella and sound engineer
Donovan "The Dirt Biker" Sound. Dre is receptive of new ideas from other producers,
one example being his fruitful collaboration with Above the Law's producer Cold
187um while at Ruthless. Cold 187 um was at the time experimenting with 1970s P-
Funk samples (Parliament, Funkadelic, Bootsy Collins, George Clinton etc.), that Dre
also used. Dre has since been accused of "stealing" the concept of G-funk from Cold
187 um.[153]
Upon leaving Ruthless and forming Death Row Records in 1991, Dre called on veteran
West Coast DJ Chris "the Glove" Taylor and sound engineer Greg "Gregski" Royal,
along with Colin Wolfe, to help him on future projects. His 1992 album The Chronic is
thought to be one of the most well-produced hip-hop albums of all time. [154][155][156] Musical
themes included hard-hitting synthesizer solos played by Wolfe, bass-heavy
compositions, background female vocals and Dre fully embracing 1970s funk samples.
Dre used a minimoog synth to replay the melody from Leon Haywood's 1972 song "I
Wanna Do Somethin' Freaky to You" for the Chronic's first single "Nuthin' but a 'G'
Thang" which became a global hit. For his new protégé Snoop Doggy Dogg's
album Doggystyle, Dre collaborated with then 19-year-old producer Daz Dillinger, who
received co-production credits on songs "Serial Killa" and "For all My Niggaz &
Bitches", The Dramatics bass player Tony "T. Money" Green, guitarist Ricky Rouse,
keyboardists Emanuel "Porkchop" Dean and Sean "Barney Rubble" Thomas and
engineer Tommy Daugherty, as well as Warren G and Sam Sneed, who are credited
with bringing several samples to the studio.[157]
The influence of The Chronic and Doggystyle on the popular music of the 1990s went
not only far beyond the West Coast, but beyond hip-hop as a genre. Artists as diverse
as Master P ("Bout It, Bout It"), George Michael ("Fastlove"), Mariah
Carey ("Fantasy"), Adina Howard ("Freak Like Me"), Luis Miguel ("Dame"), and The
Spice Girls ("Say You'll Be There") used G-funk instrumentation in their songs.[158][159] Bad
Boy Records producer Chucky Thompson stated in the April 2004 issue
of XXL magazine that the sound of Doggystyle and The Chronic was the basis for
the Notorious B.I.G.'s 1995 hit single "Big Poppa":
At that time, we were listening to Snoop's album. We knew what was going on in the
West through Dr. Dre. Big just knew the culture, he knew what was going on with hip-
hop. It was more than just New York, it was all over. [160]
In 1994, starting with the Murder was the Case soundtrack, Dre attempted to push the
boundaries of G-funk further into a darker sound. In songs such as "Murder was the
Case" and "Natural Born Killaz", the synthesizer pitch is higher and the drum tempo is
slowed down to 91 BPM[161] (87 BPM in the remix) to create a dark and gritty
atmosphere. Percussion instruments, particularly sleigh bells, are also present. Dre's
frequent collaborators from this period included Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania natives Stuart
"Stu-B-Doo" Bullard, a multi-instrumentalist from the Ozanam Strings Orchestra, [162] Sam
Sneed, Stephen "Bud'da" Anderson,[163] and percussionist Carl "Butch" Small. This style
of production has been influential far beyond the West Coast. The beat for the Houston-
based group Geto Boys 1996 song "Still" follows the same drum pattern as "Natural
Born Killaz" and Eazy E's "Wut Would U Do" (a diss to Dre) is similar to the original
"Murder was the Case" instrumental. This style of production is usually accompanied
by horror and occult-themed lyrics and imagery, being crucial to the creation
of horrorcore.
By 1996, Dre was again looking to innovate his sound. He recruited keyboardist
Camara Kambon to play the keys on "Been There, Done That", and through Bud'da and
Sam Sneed he was introduced to fellow Pittsburgh native Melvin "Mel-Man" Bradford. At
this time, he also switched from using the E-mu SP-1200 to the Akai MPC3000 drum kit
and sampler, which he still uses today. Beginning with his 1996 compilation Dr. Dre
Presents the Aftermath, Dre's production has taken a less sample-based approach, with
loud, layered snare drums dominating the mix, while synthesizers are still omnipresent.
In his critically acclaimed second album, 2001, live instrumentation takes the place of
sampling, a famous example being "The Next Episode", in which keyboardist Camara
Kambon re-played live the main melody from David McCallum's 1967 jazz-funk work
"The Edge". For every song on 2001, Dre had a keyboardist, guitarist and bassist create
the basic parts of the beat, while he himself programmed the drums, did
the sequencing and overdubbing and added sound effects, and later mixed the songs.
During this period, Dre's signature "west coast whistle" riffs are still present albeit in a
lower pitch, as in "Light Speed", "Housewife", "Some L.A. Niggaz" and Eminem's "Guilty
Conscience" hook. The sound of "2001" had tremendous influence on hip-hop
production, redefining the West Coast's sound and expanding the G-funk of the early
1990s. To produce the album, Dre and Mel-Man relied on the talents of Scott
Storch and Camara Kambon on the keys, Mike Elizondo and Colin Wolfe on bass
guitar, Sean Cruse on lead guitar and sound engineers Richard "Segal" Huredia and
Mauricio "Veto" Iragorri.[164]
From the mid-2000s, Dr. Dre has taken on a more soulful production style, using more
of a classical piano instead of a keyboard, and having claps replace snares, as
evidenced in songs such as Snoop Dogg's "Imagine" and "Boss' Life", Busta Rhymes'
"Get You Some" and "Been Through the Storm", Stat Quo's "Get Low" and "The Way It
Be", Jay-Z's "Lost One", Nas' "Hustlers", and several beats on Eminem's Relapse
album. Soul and R&B pianist Mark Batson, having previously worked with The Dave
Matthews Band, Seal and Maroon 5 has been credited as the architect of this sound.
Besides Batson, Aftermath producer and understudy of Dre's, Dawaun Parker, who has
named Q-Tip and J Dilla as his primary influences, is thought to be responsible for
giving Dre's newest beats an East Coast feel.[165]
Despite an occasional hint of trap about the beats and an intriguingly warped use of
autotune in his Compton song, "Darkside/Gone", his production seems to stand slightly
apart from current trends in hip-hop like Eminem's song "Little Engine" with an ominous
horrorcore beat — reminiscent of some of his works on Eminem's album Relapse - or
the West Coast joint Lock It Up.[166][167]
Production equipment
Dr. Dre has said that his primary instrument in the studio is the Akai MPC3000, a drum
machine and sampler, and that he often uses as many as four or five to produce a
single recording. He cites 1970s funk musicians such as George Clinton, Isaac
Hayes and Curtis Mayfield as his primary musical influences. Unlike most rap
producers, he tries to avoid samples as much as possible, preferring to have studio
musicians re-play pieces of music he wants to use, because it allows him more flexibility
to change the pieces in rhythm and tempo. [168] In 2001 he told Time magazine, "I may
hear something I like on an old record that may inspire me, but I'd rather use musicians
to re-create the sound or elaborate on it. I can control it better." [169]
Other equipment he uses includes the E-mu SP-1200 drum machine and other
keyboards from such manufacturers as Korg, Rhodes, Wurlitzer, Moog, and Roland.
[170]
 Dr. Dre also stresses the importance of equalizing drums properly, telling Scratch in
2004 that he "used the same drum sounds on a couple of different songs on one album
before but you'd never be able to tell the difference because of the EQ". [168] Dr. Dre also
uses the digital audio workstation Pro Tools and uses the software to combine hardware
drum machines and vintage analog keyboards and synthesizers. [168][171]
After founding Aftermath Entertainment in 1996, Dr. Dre took on producer Mel-Man as a
co-producer, and his music took on a more synthesizer-based sound, using fewer vocal
samples (as he had used on "Lil' Ghetto Boy" and "Let Me Ride" on The Chronic, for
example). Mel-Man has not shared co-production credits with Dr. Dre since
approximately 2002, but fellow Aftermath producer Focus has credited Mel-Man as a
key architect of the signature Aftermath sound.[172]
In 1999, Dr. Dre started working with Mike Elizondo, a bassist, guitarist, and keyboardist
who has also produced, written and played on records for female singers such
as Poe, Fiona Apple and Alanis Morissette,[173] In the past few years Elizondo has since
worked for many of Dr. Dre's productions.[174][175] Dr. Dre also told Scratch magazine in a
2004 interview that he has been studying piano and music theory formally, and that a
major goal is to accumulate enough musical theory to score movies. In the same
interview he stated that he has collaborated with famed 1960s songwriter Burt
Bacharach by sending him hip hop beats to play over, and hopes to have an in-person
collaboration with him in the future.[168]
Work ethic
Dr. Dre has stated that he is a perfectionist and is known to pressure the artists with
whom he records to give flawless performances.[168] In 2006, Snoop Dogg told the
website Dubcnn.com that Dr. Dre had made new artist Bishop Lamont re-record a
single bar of vocals 107 times.[176] Dr. Dre has also stated that Eminem is a fellow
perfectionist, and attributes his success on Aftermath to his similar work ethic. [168] He
gives a lot of input into the delivery of the vocals and will stop an MC during a take if it is
not to his liking.[177] However, he gives MCs that he works with room to write lyrics without
too much instruction unless it is a specifically conceptual record, as noted by Bishop
Lamont in the book How to Rap.[178]
A consequence of his perfectionism is that some artists who initially sign deals with
Dr. Dre's Aftermath label never release albums. In 2001, Aftermath released the
soundtrack to the movie The Wash, featuring a number of Aftermath acts such as
Shaunta, Daks, Joe Beast and Toi. To date, none have released full-length albums on
Aftermath and have apparently ended their relationships with the label and Dr. Dre.
Other noteworthy acts to leave Aftermath without releasing albums include King
Tee, 2001 vocalist Hittman, Joell Ortiz, Raekwon and Rakim.[179]
Collaborators and co-producers
Dr. Dre performing with Snoop Dogg, 2012

Over the years, word of other collaborators who have contributed to Dr. Dre's work has
surfaced. During his tenure at Death Row Records, it was alleged that Dr. Dre's
stepbrother Warren G and Tha Dogg Pound member Daz made many uncredited
contributions to songs on his solo album The Chronic and Snoop Doggy Dogg's
album Doggystyle (Daz received production credits on Snoop's similar-sounding, albeit
less successful album Tha Doggfather after Young left Death Row Records).[180]
It is known that Scott Storch, who has since gone on to become a successful producer
in his own right, contributed to Dr. Dre's second album 2001; Storch is credited as a
songwriter on several songs and played keyboards on several tracks. In 2006 he
told Rolling Stone:
"At the time, I saw Dr. Dre desperately needed something," Storch says. "He needed a
fuel injection, and Dr. Dre utilized me as the nitrous oxide. He threw me into the mix,
and I sort of tapped on a new flavor with my whole piano sound and the strings and
orchestration. So I'd be on the keyboards, and Mike [Elizondo] was on the bass guitar,
and Dr. Dre was on the drum machine".[181]
Current collaborator Mike Elizondo, when speaking about his work with Young,
describes their recording process as a collaborative effort involving several musicians.
In 2004 he claimed to Songwriter Universe magazine that he had written the
foundations of the hit Eminem song "The Real Slim Shady", stating, "I initially played a
bass line on the song, and Dr. Dre, Tommy Coster Jr. and I built the track from
there. Eminem then heard the track, and he wrote the rap to it." [175] This account is
essentially confirmed by Eminem in his book Angry Blonde, stating that the tune for the
song was composed by a studio bassist and keyboardist while Dr. Dre was out of the
studio but Young later programmed the song's beat after returning. [182]
A group of disgruntled former associates of Dr. Dre complained that they had not
received their full due for work on the label in the September 2003 issue of The Source.
A producer named Neff-U claimed to have produced the songs "Say What You Say"
and "My Dad's Gone Crazy" on The Eminem Show, the songs "If I Can't" and "Back
Down" on 50 Cent's Get Rich or Die Tryin', and the beat featured on Dr. Dre's
commercial for Coors beer.[179]
Although Young studies piano and music theory, he serves as more of a conductor than
a musician himself, as Josh Tyrangiel of Time magazine has noted:
Every Dre track begins the same way, with Dre behind a drum machine in a room full of
trusted musicians. (They carry beepers. When he wants to work, they work.) He'll
program a beat, then ask the musicians to play along; when Dre hears something he
likes, he isolates the player and tells him how to refine the sound. "My greatest talent,"
Dre says, "is knowing exactly what I want to hear." [169]
Although Snoop Dogg retains working relationships with Warren G and Daz, who are
alleged to be uncredited contributors on the hit albums The Chronic and Doggystyle, he
states that Dr. Dre is capable of making beats without the help of collaborators, and that
he is responsible for the success of his numerous albums. [183] Dr. Dre's prominent studio
collaborators, including Scott Storch, Elizondo, Mark Batson and Dawaun Parker, have
shared co-writing, instrumental, and more recently co-production credits on the songs
where he is credited as the producer.
Anderson .Paak also praised Dr. Dre in a 2016 interview with Music Times, telling the
publication that it was a dream come true to work with Dre. [184]
Ghostwriters
It is acknowledged that most of Dr. Dre's raps are written for him by others, though he
retains ultimate control over his lyrics and the themes of his songs. [185] As Aftermath
producer Mahogany told Scratch: "It's like a class room in [the booth]. He'll have three
writers in there. They'll bring in something, he'll recite it, then he'll say, 'Change this line,
change this word,' like he's grading papers." [186] As seen in the credits for tracks Young
has appeared on, there are often multiple people who contribute to his songs (although
often in hip hop many people are officially credited as a writer for a song, even the
producer).
In the book How to Rap, RBX explains that writing The Chronic was a "team
effort"[187] and details how he ghostwrote "Let Me Ride" for Dre.[187] In regard to
ghostwriting lyrics he says, "Dre doesn't profess to be no super-duper rap dude – Dre is
a super-duper producer".[187] As a member of N.W.A, the D.O.C. wrote lyrics for him while
he stuck with producing.[21] Jay-Z ghostwrote lyrics for the single "Still D.R.E." from
Dr. Dre's album 2001.[42]

Personal life
On December 15, 1981, when Dre was 16 years old and his then-girlfriend Cassandra
Joy Greene was 15 years old, the two had a son named Curtis, who was brought up by
Greene and first met Dre 20 years later.[188] Curtis performed as a rapper under the name
Hood Surgeon.[189]
In 1983, Dre and Lisa Johnson had a daughter named La Tanya Danielle Young. [190]
[191]
 Dre and Johnson have three daughters together. [192]
In 1988, Dre and Jenita Porter had a son named Andre Young Jr. In 1990, Porter sued
Dre, seeking $5,000 of child support per month. [193] On August 23, 2008, Andre died at
the age of 20 from an overdose of heroin and morphine[194] at his mother's Woodland
Hills home.[193]
From 1987 to 1996, Dre dated singer Michel'le, who frequently contributed vocals to
Ruthless Records and Death Row Records albums.[195] In 1991, they had a son named
Marcel.[196][197]
In April 1992, after a verbal dispute with his engineer, Dre was consequentially shot four
times in his leg.[198]
In 1996, Dre married Nicole (née Plotzker) Threatt, who was previously married to
basketball player Sedale Threatt.[199][191] They have two children together: a son named
Truice (born 1997) and a daughter named Truly (born 2001). [200]
In 2001, Dre earned a total of about US$52 million from selling part of his share of
Aftermath Entertainment to Interscope Records and his production of such hit songs
that year as "Family Affair" by Mary J. Blige. Rolling Stone magazine thus named him
the second highest-paid artist of the year.[47] Dr. Dre was ranked 44th in 2004 from
earnings of $11.4 million, primarily from production royalties from such projects as
albums from G-Unit and D12 and the single "Rich Girl" by singer Gwen Stefani and
rapper Eve.[201] Forbes estimated his net worth at US$270 million in 2012. [202] The same
publication later reported that he acquired US$110 million via his various endeavors in
2012, making him the highest–paid artist of the year. [203] Income from the 2014 sale
of Beats to Apple, contributing to what Forbes termed "the biggest single-year payday of
any musician in history", made Dr. Dre the world's richest musical performer of 2015. [204]
In 2014, Dre purchased a $40 million home in the Brentwood neighborhood of Los
Angeles from its previous owners, NFL player Tom Brady and supermodel Gisele
Bündchen.[205]
It was reported that Dre suffered a brain aneurysm on January 5, 2021,[206] and that he
was admitted to Cedars-Sinai Medical Center's ICU in Los Angeles, California.[207] Hours
after his admission to the hospital, Dre's home was targeted for an attempted burglary.
[208]
 He eventually received support from LeBron James, Martin Lawrence, LL Cool
J, Missy Elliott, Snoop Dogg, Ice Cube, 50 Cent, Ellen DeGeneres, Ciara, her
husband Russell Wilson, T.I., Quincy Jones and others.[209][210] In February, he was
released with a following message on Instagram: "Thanks to my family, friends and fans
for their interest and well wishes. I'm doing great and getting excellent care from my
medical team. I will be out of the hospital and back home soon. Shout out to all the
great medical professionals at Cedars. One Love!!" [211][212]
In December 2021, Dre finalized his divorce from Nicole Threat for a reported sum of
$100 million of his estate.[3]

Controversies and legal issues

Violence against women
Dre has been accused of multiple incidents of violence against women. [213][214][215][216]
On January 27, 1991, at a music industry party at the Po Na Na Souk club in
Hollywood, Dr. Dre assaulted television host Dee Barnes of the Fox television
program Pump it Up!, following an episode of the show. Barnes had interviewed NWA,
which was followed by an interview with Ice Cube in which Cube mocked NWA.
  Barnes filed a $22.7 million lawsuit in response to the incident. [218] Subsequently, Dr.
[217]

Dre was fined $2,500, given two years' probation, ordered to undergo 240 hours
of community service, and given a spot on an anti-violence public service
announcement on television.[219][220] The civil suit was settled out of court.[221] Barnes stated
that he "began slamming her face and the right side of her body repeatedly against a
wall near the stairway". Dr. Dre later commented: "People talk all this shit, but you
know, somebody fucks with me, I'm gonna fuck with them. I just did it, you know. Ain't
nothing you can do now by talking about it. Besides, it ain't no big thing – I just threw her
through a door."[213]
In March 2015, Michel'le, the mother of one of Dre's children, accused him of subjecting
her to domestic violence during their time together as a couple, but did not initiate legal
action.[222][223] Their abusive relationship is portrayed in her 2016 biopic Surviving
Compton: Dre, Suge & Michel'le.[224][225] Dre threatened a lawsuit against Lifetime, Sony
Pictures and filmmakers of Surviving Compton in a cease and desist, but never
ultimately took action.[226][227]
Interviewed by Ben Westhoff for the book Original Gangstas: the Untold Story of Dr Dre,
Eazy-E, Ice Cube, Tupac Shakur, and the Birth of West Coast Rap, Lisa Johnson stated
that Dre beat her many times, including while she was pregnant. [190] She was granted
a restraining order against him.[228]
Former labelmate Tairrie B claimed that Dre assaulted her at a post-Grammy party in
1990, in response to her track "Ruthless Bitch".[229]
During press for the 2015 film Straight Outta Compton, questions about the portrayal
and behavior of Dre and other prominent figures in the rap community about violence
against women – and the question about its absence in the film – were raised. [230] The
discussion about the film led to Dre addressing his past behavior in the press. In August
2015, in an interview with Rolling Stone,[231] Dre lamented his abusive past, saying, "I
made some fucking horrible mistakes in my life. I was young, fucking stupid. I would say
all the allegations aren't true—some of them are. Those are some of the things that I
would like to take back. It was really fucked up. But I paid for those mistakes, and
there's no way in hell that I will ever make another mistake like that again." [105][232]
In a statement to The New York Times on August 21, 2015, exactly two weeks after his
album, Compton, was released, Dre again addressed his abusive past, stating, "25
years ago I was a young man drinking too much and in over my head with no real
structure in my life. However, none of this is an excuse for what I did. I've been married
for 19 years and every day I'm working to be a better man for my family, seeking
guidance along the way. I'm doing everything I can so I never resemble that man
again. ... I apologize to the women I've hurt. I deeply regret what I did and know that it
has forever impacted all of our lives."[230]
In the 2017 film The Defiant Ones, Dr. Dre explained about the Dee Barnes incident
again, "This was a very low point in my life. I've done a lot of stupid shit in my life. A lot
of things I wish I could go and take back. I've experienced abuse. I've watched my
mother get abused. So there's absolutely no excuse for it. No woman should ever be
treated that way. Any man that puts his hands on a female is a fucking idiot. He's out of
his fucking mind, and I was out of my fucking mind at the time. I fucked up, I paid for it,
I'm sorry for it, and I apologize for it. I have this dark cloud that follows me, and it's going
to be attached to me forever. It's a major blemish on who I am as a man." [233]
Second divorce
Dre's wife, Nicole Plotzker-Young, filed for divorce in June 2020, citing irreconcilable
differences.[234][235][236] In November 2020, she filed legal claims that Dre engaged in verbal
violence and infidelity during their marriage.[237][238] She also stated that he tore up their
prenuptial agreement that he wanted her to sign out of anger. [239] Dre's representative
responded, calling her claims of infidelity and violence in their marriage "false". [240]
Before being released from the Cedar-Sinai Medical Center, he was ordered to pay
Plotzker-Young $2 million in temporary spousal support. [241] Between the spring and
summer of the year, Dre was ordered by the Los Angeles County judge to pay his ex-
wife over $300,000 a month in spousal support. [242] The $2 million extension request was
also dismissed, due to insufficient claims. [243]
In July 2021, Dr. Dre was ordered by the Los Angeles Superior Court Judge to pay an
additional $293,306 a month to estranged wife in spousal support starting August 1 until
she decides to remarry or "further order of the Court". [244] Then, in August, the judge
denied his wife's request for a protective order, due to her being afraid of Dre after a
snippet leaked on Instagram of him rapping about the divorce proceedings and his
possible brain aneurysm earlier that February; in this snippet, he called his wife a
"greedy bitch".[245][246][247]
In mid-October, Dr. Dre was served more divorce papers, during his grandmother's
funeral.[248][249] That same month, Dre was officially deemed "single" by the judge. [250] The
financial owings in this case included expenses of Dre's Malibu, Palisades and
Hollywood Hills homes, but not his stock in past ownership of Beats Electronics, prior to
its sale to Apple in 2014.[251][252] As of December 2021, the divorce proceedings have
entered its final stages.[253]
On December 28, the divorce was settled with Dre keeping most of his assets and
income due to the prenuptial agreement, although he would have to pay a 9-figure
settlement within one year.[254]
Copyright lawsuits
During the course of 2001's popularity, Dr. Dre was involved in several
lawsuits. Lucasfilm Ltd., the film company behind the Star Wars film franchise, sued him
over the use of the THX-trademarked "Deep Note".[255] The Fatback Band also sued
Dr. Dre over alleged infringement regarding its song "Backstrokin'" in his song "Let's Get
High" from the 2001 album; Dr. Dre was ordered to pay $1.5 million to the band in 2003.
[256]
 French jazz musician Jacques Loussier sued Aftermath for $10 million in March
2002, claiming that the Dr. Dre-produced Eminem track "Kill You" plagiarized his
composition "Pulsion".[257][258] The online music file-sharing company Napster also settled
a lawsuit with him and metal band Metallica in mid-2001, agreeing to block access to
certain files that artists do not want to have shared on the network. [259]
Another copyright-related lawsuit hit Dr. Dre in the fall of 2002, when Sa Re Ga Ma, a
film and music company based in Calcutta, India, sued Aftermath Entertainment over an
uncredited sample of the Lata Mangeshkar song "Thoda Resham Lagta Hai" on the
Aftermath-produced song "Addictive" by singer Truth Hurts. In February 2003, a judge
ruled that Aftermath would have to halt sales of Truth Hurts' album Truthfully Speaking if
the company would not credit Mangeshkar. [260]
Other
On June 28, 1992, hours before midnight, a barbecue grill and an overfill of charcoal
caused Dre's Calabasas mansion to set on fire.[261] Two firefighters who exhausted the
fire were treated in the hospital for minor injuries. [262] The fire caused over $125,000 in
home damages.
Dre pleaded guilty in October 1992 in a case of battery of a police officer and was
convicted on two additional battery counts stemming from a brawl in the lobby of
the New Orleans hotel in May 1991.[263]
In 1993, he was convicted of battery after an altercation with a man who stood outside
the front porch of his Woodland Hills home in front of the musician's girlfriend. He
claimed that Dre broke his jaw as a result.[264]
On January 10, 1994, Dre was arrested after leading police on a 90 mph pursuit
through Beverly Hills in his 1987 Ferrari. It was revealed that Dr. Dre had a blood
alcohol of 0.16, twice the state of California's legal limit. The conviction violated the
conditions of parole following Dre's battery conviction in 1993; he plead no contest and
was sentenced to eight months in prison in September 1994. [265] He was ordered to pay a
$1,053 fine and attend an alcohol education program. [266][267]
In November 2004, at the Vibe magazine awards show in Los Angeles, Dr. Dre was
attacked by a fan named Jimmy James Johnson, who was supposedly asking for an
autograph. In the resulting scuffle, then-G-Unit rapper Young Buck stabbed the man.
[268]
 Johnson claimed that Suge Knight, president of Death Row Records, paid him
$5,000 to assault Dre in order to humiliate him before he received his Lifetime
Achievement Award.[269] Knight immediately went on CBS's The Late Late Show to deny
involvement and insisted that he supported Dr. Dre and wanted Johnson charged. [270] In
September 2005, Johnson was sentenced to a year in prison and ordered to stay away
from Dr. Dre until 2008.[271]
On October 30, 2015, Ruthless co-founder Jerry Heller filed suit against Dre, Ice Cube,
Eazy-E's widow, Tomica Woods-Wright, director F. Gary Gray and Universal
Pictures for defamation of character and copyright infringement over the biopic, Straight
Outta Compton. The lawsuit states that depictions of Heller in the film, portrayed
by Paul Giamatti, were wrongfully taken from an autobiography he wrote about his
involvement with Ruthless and N.W.A.[272][273] The case was taken to court in June 2016
where a judge criticized the filing, saying that the film was "approved to portray these
facts in "colorful and hyperbolic" terms".[274] On September 2, 2016, Jerry Heller died of a
car accident, preceded by a heart attack.[275] However, his lawsuit kept on through his
legal team and members of his estate. [276] In October 2018, the lawsuit was dropped,
costing Heller's estate $35 million for punitive and $75 million for compensatory
damages.[277]
On April 4, 2016, TMZ and the New York Daily News reported that Suge Knight had
accused Dre and the Los Angeles Sheriff's Department of a kill-for-hire plot in the 2014
shooting of Knight in club 1 OAK.[278][279] Three months later, in July, Dre was reportedly
detained by police after confronting a next-door neighbor in Malibu about a test drive.
[280]
 It was also alleged that he brandished a handgun on the neighbor, but no evidence
would be linked and Dre was soon released.[281]
On May 8, 2018, Dre lost a name trademark filing to
a Pennsylvania gynecologist named Draion Burch, who previously filed a trademark
petition in 2015 to use his nickname, Dr. Drai, which has the similar pronunciation.
[282]
 Then, on June 26, Dre and Jimmy Iovine were ordered to pay $25 million to former
partner and creative designer Steven Lamar, who sued the two co-founders for $100
million in unpaid royalties for designing the early Beats headphone models. [283] The
lawsuit was filed in 2015 after news broke out of Apple's acquisition of the headphone
brand a year prior.[284][285]
In August 2021, Dr. Dre's oldest daughter LaTanya Young spoke out about being
homeless and unable to support her four children. She is currently working
for UberEats and DoorDash, and she also works at warehouse jobs. She is living in
debt in her SUV while her children are living with friends. Dr. Dre has allegedly stopped
supporting LaTanya financially since January 2020 because she has "spoken about him
in the press".[286][287]

Discography
Main articles: Dr. Dre discography and production discography

Studio albums
 The Chronic (1992)
 2001 (1999)
 Compton (2015)
Soundtrack albums
 Deep Cover (1992)
 The Wash (2001)
Collaboration albums
with World Class Wreckin' Cru

 World Class (1985)
 Rapped in Romance (1986)
with N.W.A.

 N.W.A. and the Posse (1987)

 Straight Outta Compton (1988)
 100 Miles and Runnin' (1990)
  Niggaz4Life (1991)

Awards and nominations

BET Hip Hop Awards
Year Nominee / work Award Result

2014 Won

Hustler of the Year

2015 Himself Nominated

Producer of the Year Nominated

2016[288]

Compton Album of the Year Nominated

Grammy Awards
Dr. Dre has won seven Grammy Awards. Three of them are for his production work. [289][290]
[291][292]

Year Nominee / work Award Result

1990 "We're All in the Same Gang" Nominated

Best Rap Performance by a Duo or
Group
"Nuthin' but a 'G' Thang" (with Snoop Doggy Dogg) Nominated

1994

"Let Me Ride" Won

Best Rap Solo Performance

1996 "Keep Their Heads Ringin'" Nominated

Best Rap Performance by a Duo or

1997 "California Love" (with 2Pac & Roger Troutman) Nominated
Group
1998 "No Diggity" (with Blackstreet & Queen Pen) Best R&B Song Nominated

"Still D.R.E." (with Snoop Dogg) Nominated

2000

"Guilty Conscience" (with Eminem) Nominated

Best Rap Performance by a Duo or

Group
"Forgot About Dre" (with Eminem) Won

"The Next Episode" (with Snoop Dogg, Kurupt & Nate

Nominated
Dogg)

Album of the Year Nominated

2001
The Marshall Mathers LP (as engineer)

Won

Best Rap Album

2001 Nominated

Won

2002 Himself Producer of the Year, Non-Classical Nominated

Nominated

2003 "Knoc" (with Knoc-turn'al & Missy Elliott) Best Music Video, Short Form Nominated

The Eminem Show (as producer) Album of the Year Nominated

2004 "In da Club" (as songwriter) Best Rap Song Nominated

 Love. Angel. Music. Baby. (as producer) Album of the Year Nominated

2006

"Encore" (with Eminem & 50 Cent) Nominated

Best Rap Performance by a Duo or
Group
"Crack a Bottle" (with Eminem & 50 Cent) Won

2010

Relapse (as engineer) Best Rap Album Won

2011 Recovery (as producer) Album of the Year Nominated

Best Rap/Sung Collaboration Nominated

2012 "I Need a Doctor" (with Eminem & Skylar Grey)

Best Rap Song Nominated

2014 good kid, m.A.A.d city (as featured artist) Album of the Year Nominated

2016 Compton Best Rap Album Nominated

Best Compilation Soundtrack for

2017 Straight Outta Compton Nominated
Visual Media

2020 Ventura (as engineer) Best R&B Album Won

MTV Video Music Awards

Yea
Nominated work Award Result
r

1993 "Nuthin' But a 'G' Thang" Best Rap Video Nominated

Yea
Nominated work Award Result
r

1994 "Let Me Ride" Nominated

1995 "Keep Their Heads Ringin'" Won

Nominated

1997 "Been There, Done That"

Best Choreography in a Video Nominated

"My Name Is" Best Direction Nominated

1999

"Guilty Conscience" Breakthrough Video Nominated

2000 "The Real Slim Shady" Best Direction in a Video Nominated

2000 "Forgot About Dre" Best Rap Video Won

2001 "Stan" Best Direction in a Video Nominated

Best Video (That Should Have Won a

2009 "Nuthin' But a 'G' Thang" Nominated
Moonman)

Primetime Emmy Awards

Year Nominee / work Award Result

2022 The Pepsi Super Bowl LVI Halftime Show Outstanding Variety Special (Live) Won
Filmography
Films

Year Title Role Notes

Niggaz4Life: The Only Home

1992 Himself Documentary
Video

1996 Set It Off Black Sam Minor role

1999 Whiteboyz Don Flip Crew #1 Minor role

2000 Up in Smoke Tour Himself Concert film

2001 Training Day Paul Minor role

2001 The Wash Sean Main role

2015 Unity[293] Narrator Documentary

2017 The Defiant Ones[294] Himself Documentary

2023 Dear Mama Himself Docuseries

Video games

Year Title Role Notes

2005 50 Cent: Bulletproof Grizz Voice role and likeness

 Grand Theft Auto Online: The Cayo
2020 Voice role and likeness; cameo
Perico Heist[295]
Himsel
f
Grand Theft Auto Online: The Voice role and likeness; update also features new
2021
Contract[296] music created by Dre for the game

Biographical portrayals in film

Year Title Portrayed by Notes

2015 Straight Outta Compton Corey Hawkins Biographical film about N.W.A

2016 Surviving Compton: Dre, Suge & Michel'le Chris Hamilton Biographical film about Michel'le

2017 All Eyez on Me Harold Moore[297] Biographical film about Tupac Shakur

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Works cited
 Edwards, Paul (2009). How to Rap: The Art and Science of the Hip-Hop
MC. Chicago: Chicago Review Press. ISBN 978-1-569-76375-9. OCLC 527853431.
 Kenyatta, Kelly (2001). You Forgot About Dre!: The Unauthorized Biography of Dr.
Dre and Eminem: from NWA to Slim Shady: a Tale of Gangsta Rap, Violence, and
Hit Records. Los Angeles: Busta Books. ISBN 978-0-970-22249-7. OCLC 45162196.
 Reeves, Marcus (2009). Somebody Scream!: Rap Music's Rise to Prominence in the
Aftershock of Black Power. New York: Faber and Faber. ISBN 978-
0865479975. OCLC 855701348.
 Ro, Ronin (2007). Dr. Dre: The Biography. New York: Thunder's Mouth
Press. ISBN 978-0-970-22249-7. OCLC 671560558.

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